WO2017090275A1 - 5-アザシチジン又は其の2'-デオキシ体の5'位ジベンジル燐酸エステル - Google Patents
5-アザシチジン又は其の2'-デオキシ体の5'位ジベンジル燐酸エステル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017090275A1 WO2017090275A1 PCT/JP2016/072009 JP2016072009W WO2017090275A1 WO 2017090275 A1 WO2017090275 A1 WO 2017090275A1 JP 2016072009 W JP2016072009 W JP 2016072009W WO 2017090275 A1 WO2017090275 A1 WO 2017090275A1
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- azacytidine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6558—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system
- C07F9/65586—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system at least one of the hetero rings does not contain nitrogen as ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
- A61K31/665—Phosphorus compounds having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. fosfomycin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
- A61K31/706—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention has high stability to the metabolic enzyme cytidine deaminase and can be easily incorporated into a nucleic acid biosynthetic pathway in vivo, and can be used as a prodrug of the anti-myeloid tumor drug 5-azacytidines
- the present invention relates to the creation of a novel 5-azacytidine or its 2′-deoxy 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate compound.
- 5-Azacytidine also known as azacytidine or the product name “Bidaza®”
- 2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine also known as decitabine or the product name “Dacogen®”
- azacytidines or 5-azacytidines are used for nucleic acid biosynthesis in cells that are actively dividing. It is known that protein synthesis is inhibited by being incorporated into RNA or DNA via a pathway and exhibits a cell killing action (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 1).
- these azacitidines When these azacitidines are incorporated into intracellular DNA, they are methylated at the 5-position of the cytosine ring in a high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome in which many cytosine ring 5-position methyl bodies are observed in the tumor suppressor gene promoter region. It binds irreversibly to the DNA methyltransferase involved and inhibits the enzyme. As a result, since it promotes the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes, these azacitidines are clinically used as therapeutic agents that show significant effects on patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (Non-patent Documents) 2, Non-Patent Document 3, Non-Patent Document 4).
- Non-patent Document 5 Non-patent Document 5
- Patent Document 3 a compound having resistance to cytidine deaminase, 5-azacytidine, 5′-position O-eridic ester (development number CP-4200) (Patent Document 3) was synthesized to treat acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. Although it is expected as a drug, its clinical examination has not yet progressed sufficiently (Non-patent document 6, Non-patent document 7, Non-patent document 8).
- Non-patent document 9 In the case of the anticancer drug arabinosyl cytidine (also known as Ara-C or cytarabine), the same indication is made, and the 5′-position O-eridic ester of Ara-C (also known as eracitalabine: development number CP-) 4055) (Non-patent document 9) and Ara-C 5′-chain dialkyl phosphate derivatives (Non-patent document 10) were synthesized.
- arabinosyl cytidine also known as Ara-C or cytarabine
- Ara-C 5′-position mono-higher alkyl phosphate derivative (cytarabine ocphosphate: product name “Staraside (registered trademark) capsule”) (Non-patent Document 11) is used for adult acute non-lymphocytic leukemia and myelodysplasia. Already in clinical use as a syndrome treatment.
- Non-patent Document 5 5-azacytidyl acids, which are 5'-position monophosphates of 5-azacytidines, are resistant to the metabolic enzyme cytidine deaminase (Non-patent Document 5), but pass through cell membranes because they are highly polar substances. It is difficult (Non-Patent Document 12).
- Patent Document 4 a cyclic phosphate ester derivative of 5-azacytidine
- Patent Document 5 5'-position diphosphate of 5-azacytidine has also been reported, but there is no report on the clear chemical structure, stability to cytidine deaminase, and evaluation of biological activity of the compound. .
- An object of the present invention is a derivative of 5-azacytidine or its 2′-deoxy compound, which has high stability against the metabolic enzyme cytidine deaminase and can easily enter a nucleic acid biosynthetic pathway in vivo. It is to provide a compound.
- the present inventors In order to provide a drug that is further useful as a therapeutic agent for various bone marrow tumors including myelodysplastic syndrome, the present inventors have high stability against the metabolic enzyme cytidine deaminase, and a nucleic acid biosynthetic pathway in vivo. In order to find a new compound that combines excellent pharmacological action and excellent physicochemical properties that can penetrate into the skin, we conducted intensive research. Then, the present inventors synthesized a number of 5'-position dialkyl phosphate derivatives of 5-azacytidyls and investigated their chemical reactivity. As a result, the 5'-position dialkyls of 5-azacytidines having a specific structure were obtained.
- the phosphoric acid ester derivative was found to have excellent properties as a medicine that has excellent stability to the metabolic enzyme cytidine deaminase and that can easily enter the nucleic acid biosynthetic pathway in vivo. It was. And further examination was repeated and it came to complete this invention.
- [5] The compound according to [2], wherein the halogen atom is a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- [6] The compound according to [1], wherein R 1 and R 2 are benzyl groups.
- [7] Including reacting 5-azacytidine or 2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine with phosphorus oxychloride followed by reaction with an optionally substituted benzyl alcohol, or 5-azacytidine or 2′- The process for producing a compound according to [1], which comprises reacting deoxy-5-azacytidine with a halogenophosphoric acid dibenzyl ester derivative which may have a substituent.
- [8] [1] A pharmaceutical composition comprising any one of [6] or a salt thereof.
- a method for preventing or treating a bone marrow tumor including myelodysplastic syndrome in a mammal comprising administering an effective amount of any one of [1] to [6] or a salt thereof to the mammal.
- the 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate ester derivative or its 2′-deoxy derivative of 5-azacytidine is more lipophilic than the corresponding 5-azacytidylic acids, and thus can be administered orally, and the intestinal After being absorbed in the blood, it is not affected by the hydrolase cytidine deaminase in the blood or in the liver, and passes through the cell membrane of a cancer cell in which cell division is active to hydrolyze non-enzymatically in the cell membrane or in the cell. Degraded to release the corresponding 5-azacytidines.
- 5-azacytidines are incorporated into RNA and DNA via the nucleic acid biosynthetic pathway, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and exhibiting cell-killing effects.
- As a therapeutic agent for various bone marrow tumors including myelodysplastic syndrome Expect to work.
- R is a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom
- R 1 and R 2 are each a benzyl group that may have a substituent.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different.
- the benzyl group which may have a substituent may or may not have a substituent.
- the substituent may have 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, substituents at the substitutable position of the benzyl group, and when the number of substituents is 2 or more, each substituent may be the same or different.
- Examples of the substituent include an alkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, and a nitro group. Preferred examples of the substituent are an alkyl group and a halogen atom.
- alkyl group means a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, for example, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl, unless otherwise specified.
- halogen atom refers to a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, etc., and preferred examples are a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom.
- the salt of the compound (1) of the present invention may be any salt as long as it is a pharmacologically acceptable salt.
- the salt of the compound (1) include inorganic acid salts (eg, hydrochloride, sulfate, hydrobromide, phosphate, etc.), organic acid salts (eg, acetate, trifluoroacetate, succinate). Acid addition salts such as acid salts, maleate salts, fumarate salts, propionate salts, citrate salts, tartrate salts, lactate salts, oxalate salts, methanesulfonate salts and p-toluenesulfonate salts). However, it is not limited to these.
- the compound (1) of the present invention may be a crystal, and may be a single crystal form or a mixture of a plurality of crystal forms.
- the crystal can be produced by crystallization by applying a crystallization method known per se.
- the compound (1) of the present invention may be a solvate (for example, a hydrate), and both a solvate and a non-solvate (for example, a non-hydrate) are compound ( 1).
- the 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate ester derivative (for example, Compound A or Compound B in Formula (1)) of 5-azacytidines of the present invention is gradually added under an environment close to physiological conditions (37 ° C. in PBS solution). It was found that it was hydrolyzed to give the corresponding 5-azacytidines efficiently. Such behavior is not observed in 5-azacytidine 5′-position diphenethyl phosphate ester (compound F) or 5′-position diphenyl phosphate ester (compound G), and 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate ester derivatives of 5-azacytidines. It had a characteristic chemical reactivity. This fact indicated that the 5'-position dibenzyl phosphate ester derivative of 5-azacytidyl acids can be a prodrug of 5-azacytidines.
- the stability of 5-azacytidine 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate ester derivatives in the presence of cytidine deaminase was found to be very stable against cytidine deaminase. It was confirmed that the 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate derivative of 5-azacytidines absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract has the property of not easily undergoing hydrolytic metabolism by the enzyme cytidine deaminase in the blood or liver. In addition, the 5'-position dibenzyl phosphate ester derivative of 5-azacytidines of the present invention exhibited anti-bone marrow tumor activity (for example, lymphoblastoma cell growth inhibitory activity).
- the 5'-position dibenzyl phosphate derivative of 5-azacytidines according to the present invention showing high stability against the above-mentioned hydrolytic metabolic enzymes can be a prodrug for a bone marrow tumor therapeutic agent.
- Compound (1) of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the method shown below or a method analogous thereto.
- Method A compound (1) or a salt thereof can be produced by a method known per se or a method analogous thereto (Bulletin of the Chemical Society, 1969, 42 (12), 3505-8, Nucleic Acids Research, 1984, 12, 5025-36, see Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1995, 43 (2), 210-215, WO-2011113173).
- commercially available 5-azacytidine or 2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine is activated with phosphorus oxychloride in an appropriate solvent and then reacted with benzyl alcohol which may have a substituent in the presence of a base.
- the 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate of the target 5-azacytidines (see formula (1)) can be obtained.
- Method B compound (1) or a salt thereof can be obtained by, for example, reacting commercially available 5-azacytidine or 2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine with a chlorophosphoric acid dibenzyl ester derivative in an appropriate solvent in the presence of a base.
- a chlorophosphoric acid dibenzyl ester derivative in an appropriate solvent in the presence of a base.
- the 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate ester (see formula (1)) of the desired 5-azacytidines can be obtained.
- Examples of the base to be used include organic bases and inorganic bases.
- Examples of the organic base include, but are not limited to, triethylamine, N, N-diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP),
- Examples of the inorganic base include, but are not limited to, sodium hydride, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, or cesium carbonate.
- the amount of the base used is preferably 2 equivalents or more of the raw material compound.
- a range of usually 2.0 to 50.0 equivalents can be exemplified with respect to 1 mol of the raw material compound, but a range of 5.0 to 20.0 equivalents is preferable, and 5.0 to 10 is more preferable.
- the range is preferably 0 equivalent.
- the reaction of the present invention is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent.
- the solvent in the reaction of the present invention may be any solvent as long as the reaction proceeds.
- the solvent include phosphate esters such as trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, and tricresyl phosphate.
- the amount of solvent used may be any amount as long as the reaction proceeds.
- the amount of solvent used in the reaction of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted by those skilled in the art.
- reaction temperature The reaction temperature of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- ⁇ 20 ° C. to 50 ° C. that is, minus 20 ° C. to plus 50 ° C.
- ⁇ 10 ° C. to 30 ° C. ° C ie, minus 10 ° C to plus 30 ° C
- more preferably -10 ° C to 20 ° C ie, minus 10 ° C to plus 20 ° C
- more -5 ° C to 15 ° C ie, minus 5 ° C to Plus 15 ° C
- a range of 0 ° C. to 10 ° C. that is, zero ° C. to plus 10 ° C.
- a range of 0 ° C. to 10 ° C. that is, zero ° C. to plus 10 ° C.
- reaction time The reaction time of the present invention is not particularly limited. In one embodiment, from the viewpoint of improvement in yield, suppression of by-products, economic efficiency, etc., 0.5 hours to 120 hours, preferably 1 hour to 72 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 48 hours, More preferably, a range of 1 hour to 24 hours can be exemplified. However, the reaction time of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted by those skilled in the art.
- composition of the present invention can be used as a pharmaceutical composition by mixing it with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier as it is or by a method known per se.
- a pharmacologically acceptable carrier as it is or by a method known per se.
- Monkeys, cats, pigs, horses, cows, mice, rats, guinea pigs, dogs, rabbits, etc. Monkeys, cats, pigs, horses, cows, mice, rats, guinea pigs, dogs, rabbits, etc.
- the pharmacologically acceptable carrier various organic or inorganic carrier substances commonly used as pharmaceutical materials are used.
- excipients lubricants, binders and disintegrants in solid formulations; liquid formulations Solvents, solubilizers, suspending agents, tonicity agents and buffering agents.
- preparation additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, sweeteners and the like can be used.
- Examples of the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition include tablets, capsules (including soft capsules and microcapsules), granules, powders, syrups, emulsions, suspensions, sustained-release oral preparations, and the like. These can be safely administered orally. However, this is not the case because liquid administration is possible.
- a pharmaceutical composition can be produced by a method commonly used in the pharmaceutical technical field, for example, a method described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
- Compound (1) of the present invention has many therapeutic and prophylactic uses.
- the compound (1) of the invention is used in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases that are sensitive to treatment with cytidines (eg, decitabine or azacitidine).
- Preferred indications that can be treated using compound (1) of the present invention include those with undesirable or uncontrolled cell division.
- Such indications include hematologic abnormalities, benign tumors, various types of cancer (eg primary and metastatic tumors), restenosis (eg coronary, carotid and cerebral artery lesions), endothelial cell abnormalities Irritation (atherosclerosis), injuries to body tissues due to surgery, abnormal wound healing, abnormal angiogenesis, diseases that cause tissue fibrosis, repetitive dyskinesia, highly non-vascularized tissue Abnormal and proliferative responses associated with organ transplantation are included.
- cancer eg primary and metastatic tumors
- restenosis eg coronary, carotid and cerebral artery lesions
- endothelial cell abnormalities Irritation egrosclerosis
- injuries to body tissues due to surgery eg wound healing, abnormal angiogenesis, diseases that cause tissue fibrosis, repetitive dyskinesia, highly non-vascularized tissue Abnormal and proliferative responses associated with organ transplantation are included.
- Hematological abnormalities include abnormal proliferation of blood cells and hematological malignancies (eg, various leukemias) that can lead to abnormal changes in blood cell formation.
- hematological abnormalities include acute myelocytic leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and sickle cell anemia.
- acute myelocytic leukemia acute promyelocytic leukemia
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- chronic myelogenous leukemia myelodysplastic syndrome
- sickle cell anemia elodysplastic syndrome
- compound (1) of the present invention is used to treat blood abnormalities, including hereditary blood abnormalities and / or hemoglobin deficiency abnormalities (eg sickle cell anemia).
- compound (1) of the present invention can be used to treat cancer.
- cancers include leukemias, pre-leukemias and other bone marrow related cancers such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) as well as lung cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCL).
- MDS myelodysplastic syndrome
- NSCL non-small cell lung cancer
- NSCL can include epidermoid or squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma.
- MDS may include refractory anemia, refractory anemia with excess blasts during transformation, and myelomonocytic leukemia.
- Suitable pharmaceutical compositions for use in the present invention include an effective amount of the active ingredient, i.e., in the condition being treated (e.g., a blood disorder (e.g. sickle cell anemia), MDS and / or cancer (e.g. NSCL)).
- a composition present in an amount effective to achieve a therapeutic and / or prophylactic purpose is included.
- the pharmaceutical composition used in the present invention is provided as a dosage form for oral administration.
- the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be provided in oral, solid, semi-solid, or liquid dosage forms for oral administration.
- oral administration also includes buccal, lingual and sublingual administration.
- Suitable oral dosage forms include tablets, capsules, pills, troches, medicinal candies, fragrance preparations, cachets, pellets, drug-added chewing gum, granules, bulk powders, foamed formulations, or non-foamed powders or granules Agents, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, solutions, wafers, sprinkles, elixirs, and syrups are included but are not limited to these.
- the pharmaceutical composition comprises binders, fillers, diluents, disintegrants, wetting agents, lubricants, glidants, colorants, pigment migration inhibitors, sweeteners and savory flavors,
- binders fillers, diluents, disintegrants, wetting agents, lubricants, glidants, colorants, pigment migration inhibitors, sweeteners and savory flavors
- One or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients may be included without limitation.
- the amount of the compound (1) of the present invention in the pharmaceutical composition or dosage form is, for example, about 1 mg to about 2,000 mg, about 10 mg to about 2,000 mg, about 20 mg to about 2,000 mg, about 50 mg to about 1,000 mg, about It may range from 100 mg to about 500 mg, from about 150 mg to about 500 mg, or from about 150 mg to about 250 mg.
- the effective dose is determined according to the nature of the cancer, the degree of progression of the cancer, the treatment policy, the degree of metastasis, the amount of the tumor, the body weight, age, sex, and the patient's (although it can be appropriately selected depending on genetic or racial background, the pharmaceutically effective amount is generally determined based on factors such as clinically observed symptoms and the degree of progression of cancer.
- the daily dose is, for example, about 0.01 / kg to about 10 mg / kg (about 0.5 mg to about 500 mg for a 60 kg adult), preferably about 0.05 / kg to about 5 mg when administered to a human. / kg, more preferably about 0.1 / kg to about 2 mg / kg. Administration may be performed once or divided into multiple times.
- Example of Compound (1) (5-azacytidine 5′-Dibenzyl Phosphate Ester Derivative) of the Present Invention, Stability to Metabolic Enzyme Cytidine Deaminase, Stability in PBS Solution, and Experiment on Growth Inhibition Activity of Bone Marrow Tumor Cells The details are shown below.
- room temperature means about 15-30 ° C.
- 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR were measured using JEOL JNM-ECZ 400R, using CDCl 3 , DMSO-d 6 , CD 3 OD as a solvent, and chemical shift ⁇ from tetramethylsilane as an internal standard. (Ppm).
- Other symbols in the present specification have the following meanings. s: singlet d: doublet t: triplet m: multiplet br: broad br s: broad singlet J: binding constant Moreover, Mass of each compound is the value measured using the Yamazen Smart Flash MS system apparatus.
- 5-azacytidine was suspended in about 1.0 mL of a triethyl phosphate solution, and 93 ⁇ L of phosphorus oxychloride (about 2.0 times mol with respect to the starting material 5-azacytidine) was added thereto at 0 ° C. with cooling. Stir for 1 hour. Next, about 0.5 mL (about 5 times mol) of benzyl alcohol corresponding to this solution and about 0.4 mL (about 9 times mol) of pyridine were added, and the mixture was further stirred for 1 hour under cooling at 0 ° C.
- the reaction mixture was poured into an ethyl acetate-water mixture, neutralized with dilute sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate.
- the extract is washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the extract obtained by removing the insoluble matter under reduced pressure is dried under reduced pressure to give an oily residue.
- the desired 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate ester derivative of 5-azacytidine was obtained by separation and purification at the above.
- this is referred to as synthesis method A.
- the following is a silica gel column separation system for 5′-position dibenzyl (or diphenethyl, diphenyl) phosphate ester compounds (A) to (H) of 5-azacytidines synthesized by the above synthesis method A or synthesis method B, isolated yield , Device data, distribution coefficient.
- 5′-position dibenzyl phosphate derivatives of various 5-azacytidines obtained for example, O, O′-Dibenzyl 5-Azacytidylate (compound A) or O, O′-Dibenzyl 2′- About 1 mg of Deoxy-5-Azacytidylate (Compound B) was dissolved in 1 mL of acetonitrile, 5 ⁇ L thereof was added to 100 ⁇ L of PBS solution (pH 7.4-pH 7.5), and the solution was stirred at 37 ° C. As a result of tracking these reactions using HPLC analysis, it was confirmed that 5-azacytidine or 2′-Deoxy-5-azacytidine was gradually formed.
- medical agent which can replace 5-azacytidine or 2'-deoxy-5-azacytidine currently used clinically as a therapeutic agent of various bone marrow tumors including myelodysplastic syndrome can be provided to a medical field.
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Abstract
Description
これらアザシチジン及び其の2’-デオキシ体(以後、本明細書において、これらを総称して「アザシチジン類又は5-アザシチジン類」と呼ぶことがある。)は、分裂が盛んな細胞において核酸生合成経路を経てRNAやDNAに取り込まれることによりタンパク質合成を阻害して、殺細胞作用を示すことが知られている(特許文献1、特許文献2、非特許文献1)。
〔1〕
式(1):
(式中、Rは水酸基又は水素原子であり、R1、R2はそれぞれ同一又は異なって、置換基を有していてもよいベンジル基)で表される化合物又は其の塩。
〔2〕
前記R1及びR2はそれぞれ置換基としてアルキル又はハロゲン原子を有していてもよいベンジル基である、〔1〕に記載の化合物。
〔3〕
前記アルキルがC1~C6アルキル基である、〔2〕に記載の化合物。
〔4〕
前記アルキルがメチル基又はエチル基である、〔3〕に記載の化合物。
〔5〕
前記ハロゲン原子がフッ素原子又は塩素原子である、〔2〕に記載の化合物。
〔6〕
前記R1及びR2がベンジル基である、〔1〕に記載の化合物。
〔7〕
5-アザシチジン又は2’-デオキシ-5-アザシチジンをオキシ塩化リンと反応させた後に、置換基を有していてもよいベンジルアルコールと反応させることを包含する、もしくは、5-アザシチジン又は2’-デオキシ-5-アザシチジンを、置換基を有していてもよいハロゲノ燐酸ジベンジルエステル誘導体と反応させることを包含する、〔1〕に記載の化合物の製造方法。
〔8〕
〔1〕ないし〔6〕のいずれかの化合物又は其の塩を含有する医薬組成物。
〔9〕
骨髄腫瘍細胞の増殖抑制剤である、〔8〕に記載の医薬組成物。
〔10〕
骨髄異形成症候群を含む骨髄腫瘍の予防又は治療剤である、〔8〕に記載の医薬組成物。
〔11〕
〔1〕ないし〔6〕のいずれかの化合物又は其の塩の有効量を哺乳動物に投与することを包含する、哺乳動物における骨髄腫瘍細胞の増殖抑制方法。
〔12〕
〔1〕ないし〔6〕のいずれかの化合物又は其の塩の有効量を哺乳動物に投与することを包含する、哺乳動物における骨髄異形成症候群を含む骨髄腫瘍の予防又は治療方法。
本発明の化合物は、下記の式(1)で表される化合物である。
ここで式(1)中、Rは水酸基又は水素原子であり、R1、R2はそれぞれ置換基を有していてもよいベンジル基である。R1、R2は同一であってもよく、異なってもよい。
本発明の化合物(1)は、例えば、以下に示す方法又はこれに準じた方法などによって製造することができる。
化合物(1)又は其の塩は、自体公知の方法又はそれに準ずる方法によって製造することができる(Bulletin of the Chemical Society, 1969, 42(12), 3505-8、Nucleic Acids Research, 1984, 12, 5025-36、Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin,1995, 43(2), 210-215、WO-2011113173を参照)。例えば、市販の5-アザシチジン又は2’-デオキシ-5-アザシチジンを適切な溶媒中、オキシ塩化リンにより活性化した後、置換基を有していてもよいベンジルアルコールと塩基存在下で反応させることにより、目的とする5-アザシチジン類の5’位ジベンジル燐酸エステル(式(1)を参照)を得ることができる。
化合物(1)又は其の塩は、例えば、市販の5-アザシチジン又は2’-デオキシ-5-アザシチジンを適切な溶媒中、塩基の存在下、クロロ燐酸ジベンジルエステル誘導体と反応させることにより、目的とする5-アザシチジン類の5’位ジベンジル燐酸エステル(式(1)を参照)を得ることができる。
反応の円滑な進行等の観点から、本発明の反応は溶媒の存在下で実施することが好ましい。本発明の反応における溶媒は、反応が進行する限りは、いずれの溶媒でもよい。
溶媒としては、例えば、リン酸トリメチル、リン酸トリエチル、リン酸トリブチル、リン酸トリフェニル、リン酸トリクレシル等のリン酸エステルが挙げられる。溶媒の使用量は、反応が進行する限りは、いずれの量でもよい。本発明の反応における溶媒の使用量は当業者により適切に調整されることができる。
本発明の反応温度は、特に制限されない。一つの態様においては、収率の向上、副生成物の抑制、及び経済効率等の観点から、-20℃~50℃(すなわち、マイナス20℃~プラス50℃)、好ましくは-10℃~30℃(すなわち、マイナス10℃~プラス30℃)、より好ましくは-10℃~20℃(すなわち、マイナス10℃~プラス20℃)、さらに好ましくは-5℃~15℃(すなわち、マイナス5℃~プラス15℃)、
特に好ましくは0℃~10℃(すなわち、ゼロ℃~プラス10℃)の範囲を例示できる。
本発明の反応時間は、特に制限されない。一つの態様においては、収率の向上、副生成物の抑制、及び経済効率等の観点から、0.5時間~120時間、好ましくは1時間~72時間、より好ましくは1時間~48時間、さらに好ましくは1時間~24時間の範囲を例示できる。しかしながら、本発明の反応時間は当業者により適切に調整されることができる。
本発明の化合物(1)は、そのまま、あるいは自体公知の方法により薬理学的に許容される担体と混合して医薬組成物とすることにより、哺乳動物(例、ヒト、サル、ネコ、ブタ、ウマ、ウシ、マウス、ラット、モルモット、イヌ、ウサギなど)に対して安全な医薬として用いることができる。
本発明の化合物(1)は多くの治療的及び予防的用途を有する。好ましい実施態様では、本発明の化合物(1)は、シチジン類(例えばデシタビン又はアザシチジン)による治療に感受性を有する極めて多様な疾患の治療に用いられる。本発明の化合物(1)を用いて治療することができる好ましい適応症には、望ましくない又は無制御の細胞分裂を伴うものが含まれる。そのような適応症には、血液学的異常、良性腫瘍、種々のタイプの癌(例えば原発性腫瘍及び転移腫瘍)、再狭窄(例えば冠状動脈、頸動脈及び脳動脈病巣)、内皮細胞の異常な刺激(アテローム性硬化症)、外科手術による体組織の傷害、異常な創傷治癒、異常な血管形成、組織の線維症を生じる疾患、反復性運動異常、高度に血管が形成されていない組織の異常、及び器官移植に伴う増殖性応答が含まれる。
本発明の化合物を抗がん剤として用いる場合、その有効投与量は、がんの性質、がんの進行程度、治療方針、転移の程度、腫瘍の量、体重、年齢、性別及び患者の(遺伝的)人種的背景等に依存して適宜選択できるが、薬学的有効量は一般に、臨床上観察される症状、がんの進行度合い等の要因に基づいて決定される。一日あたりの投与量は、例えば、ヒトに投与する場合は、約0.01/kg ~約10mg/kg(体重60kgの成人では、約0.5mg~約500mg)、好ましくは約0.05/kg ~約5mg/kg、より好ましくは約0.1/kg ~約2mg/kg、である。投与は、1回で投与しても複数回に分けて投与してもよい。
Mass= 505.3 (M++1): calcd. for C22H25N4O8P (MW= 504.14).
1H-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 8.32 (1H, s), 8.04 (1H, br.), 7.24 (10H, br s), 7.07 (1H, br.), 5.75 (1H, br.), 4.98 and 4.96 (each 2H, each s), 4.83 (1H, br s), and 4.40-4.05 (5H, m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 165.6, 155.7, 154.5, 137.9, 135.4, 128.6, 128.4, 128.2, 128.0, 127.3, 91.5, 82.2, 74.6, 69.7(J= 4.7Hz), 69.2, 67.4, and 66.6 ppm.
分配係数Log P= 0.83 (n-Octanol/PBS)
Mass= 489.3 (M++1): calcd. for C22H25N4O7P (MW= 488.15).
1H-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 8.33 (1H, s), 7.34 (10H, br s), 6.05 (1H, t, J= 6.4Hz), 5.06 and 5.03 (each 2H, each br s), 4.31-4.27 (1H, m), 4.21-4.17 (2H, m), 4.10-4.05 (1H, m), 2.41-2.36 (1H, m), and 2.15-2.06 (1H, m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 167.7, 156.9, 156.0, 139.5, 137.0(d, J= 6.7Hz), 129.8, 129.3, 129.2, 128.7, 128.4, 88.2, 86.7(d, J= 7.7Hz), 71.6, 71.0(d, J= 5.8Hz), 68.3(d, J= 5.8Hz), and 41.7 ppm.
Mass= 517.3 (M++1): calcd. for C24H29N4O7P (MW= 516.18).
1H-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 8.31 (1H, s), 7.24-7.15 (8H, m), 6.03 (1H, t, J= 6.0Hz), 5.04 and 4.99 (each 2H, each br s), 4.24-4.22 (1H, m), 4.16-4.10 (2H, m), 4.10-4.05 (1H, m), 2.36-2.32 (1H, m), 2.30 (6H, br s), and 2.06-1.99 (1H, m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 167.3, 156.4, 155.6, 139.4, 138.0, 133.4 (d, J= 5.8Hz), 129.8, 129.4, 128.9, 128.1, 87.7, 86.3(d, J= 7.7Hz), 71.3, 70.5(d, J= 5.8Hz), 67.7(d, J= 5.8Hz), 41.2, and 20.7 ppm.
Mass= 525.2 (M++1): calcd. for C22H23F2N4O7P (MW= 524.13).
1H-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 8.35 (1H, s), 7.39-7.01 (8H, m), 6.07 (1H, t, J= 6.4Hz), 5.06 and 5.03 (each 2H, each br s), 4.33-4.29 (1H, m), 4.28-4.17 (2H, m), 4.10-4.05 (1H, m), 2.45-2.38 (1H,m), and 2.23-2.18 (1H, m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 167.9, 157.1, 156.1, 133.1, 131.6(d, J= 7.7Hz), 130.5, 116.6, 116.4, 116.1, 116.0, 88.4, 86.8 (d, J= 6.8Hz), 71.6, 70.3(d, J= 5.8Hz), 68.4(d, J= 5.8Hz), 67.7, and 41.7 ppm.
Mass= 557.1 (M++1): calcd. for C22H23Cl2N4O7P (MW= 556.07).
1H-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 8.34 (1H, s), 7.33 (8H, br.), 6.07 (1H, t, J= 6.4Hz), 5.06 and 5.04 (each 2H, each br s), 4.35-4.30 (1H, m), 4.28-4.17 (2H, m), 4.12-4.05 (1H, m), 2.45-2.34 (1H, m), and 2.25-2.15 (1H, m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CD3OD) δ: 166.5, 155.8, 154.8, 137.0(d, J= 7.7Hz), 134.4, 133.1, 129.5, 128.7, 128.6, 128.1, 87.1, 85.4(d, J= 6.8Hz), 70.2, 68.9(d, J= 5.8Hz), 67.2(d, J= 5.8Hz), 66.3, and 40.3 ppm.
Mass= 533.3 (M++1): calcd. for C24H29N4O8P (MW= 532.17).
1H-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 8.35 (1H, s), 8.05 (1H, br.), 7.26 (1H, s), 7.23-7.12 (10H, m), 5.79 (1H, br.), 4.28 (1H, b s), 4.30-3.89 (4H, m), and 4.15-4.11 & 2.89-2.85 (each 4H, each m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 165.7, 155.7, 154.4, 138.2, 136.9, 129.0, 128.8, 128.6, 128.5, 128.3, 126.9, 126.7, 126.4, 126.2, 91.3, 82.3, 74.8, 69.3, 68.4(J= 5.4Hz), 66.3, 36.9, and 36.4(J= 7.6Hz) ppm.
1H-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 8.28 (1H, s), 7.26 and 7.15 (each 5H, each br s), 5.77 (1H, br s), and 4.6-4.0 (5H, m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 165.6, 155.4, 151.8, 129.8, 129.5, 129.1, 128.9, 128.2, 125.5, 92.4, 82.1, 74.9, 72.5, 69.0, 67.6, and 59.0 ppm.
1H-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 8.28 (1H, s), 7.40-7.15 (10H, m), 6.74 (1H, br), 6.13 (1H, br.), 6.11 (1H, dd, J=5.8 and 8.0Hz), 5.23-5.18 (1H, m), 4.52-4.40 (2H, m), 4.39-4.37 (1H, m), 2.76-2.70 (1H, m), and 2.09-1.97 (1H, m) ppm. 13C-NMR (CDCl3) δ: 165.9, 155.1, 153.2, 150.0(d, J= 4.7Hz), 129.9, 125.8, 125.7, 119.9(d, J= 4.6Hz), 86.4, 83.8(d, J= 7.7Hz), 78.4(d, J= 4.4Hz), 67.4(d, J= 5.3Hz), and 39.7(d, J= 5.4Hz) ppm.
[試験例1]
シチジンデアミナーゼ:CDA(1-146aa), Human, His-tagged, Recombinant cytidine deaminase (ATGen社)
HPLC測定条件:
カラム:CAPCELL PAK ADME
4.6mmx150mm、粒子サイズ:3μm
溶出: 溶出液A=10mM蟻酸アンモニウム含有精製水
溶出液B=アセトニトリル
A:B=99:1→5:95、30分間のグラジエントモード
流出速度:1.0mL/分 オーブン温度:40℃
検出器:UV240nm
なお、(O,O’-Diphenyl 5-azacytidylate)(化合物G)や(O,O’-Diphenyl 2’-Deoxy-5-azacytidylate)(化合物H)も、用いた反応条件下で非常に安定であった。
[試験例2]
HPLC測定条件:試験例1の場合と同じ分析条件
表2
なお、合成法Aに準じて合成したO,O’-Diphenethyl 5-azacytidylate(化合物F)及びO,O’Diphenyl 5-Azacytidylate(化合物G)は、24時間後も殆ど変化していなかった。
[試験例3]
Claims (8)
- 前式(1)においてR1及びR2がそれぞれ置換基としてアルキル又はハロゲン原子を有していてもよいベンジル基である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 置換基としてのアルキルがC1~C6アルキル基である、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- 置換基としてのアルキルがメチル基又はエチル基である、請求項3に記載の化合物。
- 置換基としてのハロゲン原子がフッ素原子又は塩素原子である、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- 前記R1及びR2がベンジル基である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1ないし6のいずれかの化合物又は其の塩を含有する医薬組成物。
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| EP16797710.7A EP3192799B1 (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2016-07-27 | 5'-dibenzyl phosphoric acid ester of 5-azacytidine or 2'-deoxy derivative thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018199049A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-11-01 | 大原薬品工業株式会社 | 固形がん治療薬としての新規dnmt阻害剤 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3192799A4 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
| JP6142098B1 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
| MY181555A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| US20170152275A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
| US9670238B1 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
| EP3192799B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
| EP3192799A1 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
| JPWO2017090275A1 (ja) | 2017-11-24 |
| WO2017090264A1 (ja) | 2017-06-01 |
| CN108290920A (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
| CN108290920B (zh) | 2021-08-10 |
| KR20180088664A (ko) | 2018-08-06 |
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