WO2017088816A1 - Dti-based method for three-dimensional reconstruction of intracranial nerve fiber bundle - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a DTI-based method for three-dimensional reconstruction of intracranial nerve fiber bundle, and a method for fabricating, on the basis of 3D printing technology, a skull three-dimensional model comprising nerve fiber bundles. Comprised are the following steps: performing magnetic resonance scanning of a target tissue area and a surrounding nerve fiber bundle to obtain MRI image data of the target tissue area containing the nerve fiber bundle; performing DTI- and related processing on the obtained MRI image and thereby obtaining an MRI image having a recognizable nerve fiber bundle; extrapolating the X-, Y-, and Z-axis information of the MRI image having the recognizable nerve fiber bundle, then three-dimensionally reconstructing by means of the Mimics software to obtain a three-dimensional model containing the intracranial nerve fiber bundle. By means of said three-dimensional model and the 3D-printed three-dimensional solid model, the positional relationships between anatomical structures, brain tissue functional areas, and the tissues can be clearly displayed, a solid model is provided for surgery and can be used for designing an operative route and simulating surgery.

Description

Three-dimensional reconstruction method of intracranial nerve fiber bundle based on DTI

cross reference

The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201510855738.0 filed on Nov. 27, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of three-dimensional reconstruction of images, and more particularly, to a three-dimensional reconstruction method of intracranial nerve fiber bundles based on DTI and a method for preparing a three-dimensional solid model of a head including a nerve fiber bundle based on 3D printing technology .

Background technique

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is an imaging technique that uses reconstructed imaging of signals generated by the resonance of a nucleus in a magnetic field. As a new medical imaging diagnostic technology, MRI has developed rapidly in recent years. Magnetic resonance imaging provides more information than many other imaging technologies, and it has great potential for diagnosing diseases with the unique information it provides. Patients with intracranial tumors need to undergo MRI before surgery to diagnose the location, nature, size of the tumor, its relationship with surrounding blood vessels, and whether the tumor has eroded to surrounding tissues. The doctor can judge and diagnose the disease based on the information provided by MRI and in combination with the patient's clinical manifestations.

DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging) is a new method for describing brain structure. It is a special form of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and is the only non-invasive imaging method that can display white matter fiber bundle (WMF) in vivo. The method, which can display a white matter fiber bundle which is displayed as normal in conventional MRI around a tumor, can clearly show the abnormal position of white matter around the brain tumor, and reflects the direction-dependent characteristic of water molecule dispersion in WMF, and its FA (each The value of the anisotropy index can show the structural and anisotropic characteristics of the white matter fibers of the brain, such as the structure of the inner capsule, the corpus callosum, and the outer capsule.

However, MRI and DTI can only provide partial two-dimensional image images for computer viewing, and cannot provide three-dimensional model images and/or models including intracranial anatomy and disease. Therefore, how to obtain a three-dimensional image and/or a three-dimensional solid model of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle enables the clinician to clearly understand the condition of the nerve fiber bundle from the three-dimensional visual and/or the solid model, especially the clinical white matter fiber bundle Information on the location and/or anomaly of tumor-occupying effects and lesions, as well as the relationship between nerve fibers, tumors, blood vessels and surrounding tissues at the location of the lesion, providing a preoperative physical disease model for clinician surgery, and further on the solid model Designing and planning surgical plans and assessing surgical risks has become a hot research topic.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the defects and deficiencies of the above prior art, three-dimensional solid printing of the head structure containing the nerve fiber bundle is realized, and the present invention proposes a three-dimensional reconstruction method of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle based on DTI. The method performs DTI processing on the data collected by the MRI, and marks the direction of the target nerve fiber bundle, and projects the image of the nerve fiber bundle with the DTI information to the MRI image according to the original path, and obtains an identifiable An MRI image of the nerve fiber bundle; the obtained MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is introduced into the mimics software, and the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is estimated, The estimated results are then input into the mimics software for three-dimensional reconstruction to obtain a three-dimensional model of the head structure including the intracranial nerve fiber bundle. Using the three-dimensional model, a three-dimensional solid model is produced in combination with 3D printing.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is as follows: a DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction method of intracranial nerve fiber bundles, comprising the following steps:

S1: scanning a local region of the head or the head by using magnetic resonance to obtain MRI image data of the target tissue region;

S2: Perform DTI processing on the obtained MRI image, obtain the FA signal of the MRI image, and mark the nerve fiber bundle direction, and project the image indicating the nerve fiber bundle orientation back to the MRI image. Upper, thereby obtaining an MRI image with an identifiable nerve fiber bundle;

S3: introducing the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle into the mimics software, and estimating the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle, and then calculating the result Three-dimensional reconstruction of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle was obtained by inputting mimics software for three-dimensional reconstruction.

Further, the DTI processing described in S2 includes the calculation of the diffusion tensor and the calculation of the FA, the apparent diffusion coefficient value (ADC) of the magnetic resonance, and the whole brain voxel fiber tracking and visualization for FA>0.2.

Further, the direction of the nerve fiber bundle is marked in S2, and the nerve fiber bundle orientation can be marked by different colors. DTI is an imaging method that uses the anisotropy of water molecules in tissue to detect the microstructure of a tissue. The three vector components of each voxel are assigned to red (X-axis), green (Y-axis), and blue (Z-axis). The color, the direction of maximum diffusion, represents the main direction of the fiber bundle.

Further, in the step S2, the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is saved in the JPG format.

Further, the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is estimated, and the calculation process includes:

According to the formula

(1) P=S/M

(2) T=P*D

Where P represents the pixel of the image, S represents the field of view of the image, M represents the image matrix, T represents the voxel, and D represents the layer thickness, wherein the matrix M contains rows and columns information;

In step S1, the MRI image data of the head related tissue includes information of rows, columns, and pixels P of the matrix M;

In step S2, the image of the labeled nerve fiber bundle is projected back into the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle obtained by the MRI, and the rows and columns of the new matrix M are included. Compared with the MRI image in step S1, the matrix M changes, the pixel P also changes, and the field of view S does not change. Then, the changed pixel P value is calculated according to formula (1), where X and Y are calculated. The value of the changed pixel P is expressed as Z, which is represented by the value of the layer thickness D.

Further, the process of three-dimensional reconstruction using mimics software includes:

(1) Input the calculated values of the X, Y, and Z axes into the mimics software, convert the image data, and mark the position information of the top, bottom, left, and right of the image;

(2) using mimics to extract the information of the nerve fibers, and defining the extracted objects by the range of pixel gray values;

(3) Three-dimensional model formation: The mimics software calculates a three-dimensional model of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle based on the extracted object.

Further, the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle was subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction of the brain tumor using mimics software, and finally a three-dimensional model including the brain tumor and the nerve fiber bundle was obtained.

Further, the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction of the blood vessel using mimics software, and finally a three-dimensional model including the blood vessel and the nerve fiber bundle is obtained.

Further, the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction of brain tissue using mimics software, and finally a three-dimensional model including brain tissue and nerve fiber bundle is obtained.

Further, mimics software is used to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of brain tumors, blood vessels and brain tissues on MRI images with identifiable nerve fiber bundles, and finally a three-dimensional model including brain tumors, blood vessels, brain tissues and nerve fiber bundles is obtained.

Typically, the information is subjected to a regional growth process after mimics extracts the neural fiber information or calculates a three-dimensional model of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle, which is calculated by the mimics software based on the selected pixel range. Connect the connected pixels together.

In order to better perform observation, diagnosis, and preoperative planning, and further including a 3D printing step, a three-dimensional solid model including one or more intracranial nerve fiber bundles and one or more intracranial anatomical structures such as tumors, blood vessels, and brain tissue can be obtained as needed.

A method for preparing a three-dimensional solid model of a head containing a nerve fiber bundle based on 3D printing technology, comprising the following steps:

S1: scanning a local region of the head or the head by using magnetic resonance to obtain MRI image data of the target tissue region;

S2: Perform DTI processing on the obtained MRI image data, obtain the FA signal of the MRI image, mark the nerve fiber bundle direction, and project the image indicating the nerve fiber bundle direction back onto the MRI image to obtain the identifiable nerve fiber. MRI image of the beam;

S3: introducing the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle into the mimics software, and estimating the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle;

S4: input the calculated values of the X, Y, and Z axes into the mimics software, convert the image data, and mark the position information of the upper, lower, left, and right positions of the image;

S5: defining an extracted object by a pixel gray value range, and marking each different object;

S6: removing non-target objects according to requirements, leaving a demand target object including a nerve fiber bundle;

S7: performing a three-dimensional model transformation on a demand target object including a nerve fiber bundle, and calculating a three-dimensional model forming a target object;

S8: scanning the head two-dimensional original image data with a brain CT;

S9: Importing the data obtained by S8 into mimics, and selecting only the skull information to reconstruct the three-dimensional model of the skull to obtain a three-dimensional model of the skull;

S10: registration and fusion of the three-dimensional model obtained by S7 with the three-dimensional model of the skull obtained by S9, and establishing a three-dimensional model including the skull and the target object;

S11: Import the three-dimensional model obtained by S10 into a 3D printer, print and print the desired three-dimensional solid model of the head containing the nerve fiber bundle.

Further, the direction of the nerve fiber bundle is marked in S2, and the nerve fiber bundle orientation can be marked by different colors. DTI is the use of anisotropy of water molecules in tissue to detect the group The imaging method of the woven microstructure is to assign three vector components of each voxel into three colors: red (X-axis), green (Y-axis), and blue (Z-axis). The direction of maximum diffusion represents the main direction of fiber bundle travel. .

In S5, the subject is all head medical anatomy and intracranial tumor. Specifically, the head medical anatomy is blood vessels, brain tissue, corticospinal tract, corpus callosum, internal capsule, cingulate gyrus, crown radiation, optic nerve, and other intracranial tissues.

In the three-dimensional reconstruction of the intracranial tissue structure, the three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull can be performed simultaneously, the three-dimensional geometric model of the anatomical structure of the head is obtained, the anatomical structure of each tissue is visually displayed, and the three-dimensional model of the whole skull is established.

A three-dimensional model prepared by the method is applied as a medical teaching, a clinician training, a clinical surgery simulation, a surgical evaluation, a surgical approach design, and the like.

The three-dimensional model reconstructed by the reconstruction method of the present invention enables the doctor to simulate, predict, plan, and evaluate the steps of the surgical design, and can also convert it into a solid model by using 3D printing technology, and design the surgical procedure by the model. The surgical approach, planning the surgical plan, estimating the problems that may be encountered during the operation, and reducing the risk of surgery.

The three-dimensional solid model prepared by the method can visually see the anatomical structure of different objects, such as the shape, running, diameter, etc. of the blood vessel, or the size and shape of the tumor, the surrounding tissue of the erosion, and the movement of the nerve fiber bundle. And direction, etc.

The three-dimensional model obtained by the method and the prepared three-dimensional solid model can clearly show the anatomy and tumor of the human head, and the positional relationship between the tumor and each tissue, and have advantages in medical teaching, training and clinical surgery applications. .

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Providing a method for realizing three-dimensional reconstruction of intracranial nerve fiber bundles; providing a preparation method based on 3D printing technology to obtain a three-dimensional solid model of a head comprising a nerve fiber bundle.

(2) The present invention establishes an intracranial nerve fiber bundle by fusing MRI and DTI The three-dimensional model of the head can clearly display the position, movement and direction of the nerve fiber bundle through the three-dimensional model, thereby providing direct three-dimensional structural information for the positional relationship and mutual influence of other intracranial diseases and white matter fiber bundles. The clinical work of doctors is of great significance.

(3) obtaining a three-dimensional model including brain tumors, blood vessels, brain tissue, and nerve fiber bundles by three-dimensional reconstruction of brain tumors, blood vessels, brain tissues, and nerve fiber bundles, and displaying the relationship between the tumor and surrounding tissues by the three-dimensional model, thereby Provides good surgical guidance for tumor resection.

(4) The three-dimensional reconstruction method of the nerve fiber bundle of the present invention is simple and feasible. After the DTI is completed, only the JPG format image is exported, and the rest can be completed by simply rebuilding the engineer using the mimics single software.

(5) Further, in combination with 3D printing, a three-dimensional solid model of the head including intracranial nerve fiber bundles, other disease information, normal anatomy of the head, and the like can be obtained. The three-dimensional solid model of the head can provide a three-dimensional perspective of the disease information, and can provide a real 1:1 physical disease model in medical teaching. Compared with the cadaver, the 3D printed disease model is more easily available and the number is not limited; In clinical applications, the 3D printing model turns invisible anatomical structures and lesions into real touchable objects, transforming two-dimensional images into three-dimensional objects, which helps doctors to more intuitively plan preoperatively. Design, surgical approach design, surgical simulation, etc., to achieve accurate surgery, reduce the risk of surgery, has a good clinical application value. Avoiding the conventional clinical understanding of the disease is two-dimensional, the doctor needs to combine the various symptoms and imaging results of the patient, and the doctor builds a disease model in his mind according to his medical background, such as skilled anatomy. As a result, the models built by each doctor may be different and some information may be missed.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional image reconstruction method of a brain tumor and a white matter fiber bundle based on DTI according to the present invention, and a method for preparing a three-dimensional solid model of a head including a nerve fiber bundle based on a 3D printing technique.

2 is a three-dimensional model of a nerve fiber bundle, a skull, a brain tumor, and a blood vessel after reconstruction according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional solid model obtained by performing 3D printing according to the three-dimensional model of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction device for intracranial nerve fiber bundles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, a patient with a brain tumor is tested, and a three-dimensional model including a nerve fiber bundle, a skull, a brain tumor, and a blood vessel, and a corresponding three-dimensional solid model are obtained through three-dimensional reconstruction and 3D printing.

Referring to FIG. 1, a method for preparing a three-dimensional solid model of a head including a nerve fiber bundle based on a 3D printing technique includes the following steps:

S1: magnetic resonance scanning is used to scan the head lesions and related nerve fiber bundle regions of brain tumor patients, and MRI image data of the head related tissues are obtained, and the MRI image data is saved in DICOM format;

S2: performing DTI processing on the obtained MRI image, including calculation of diffusion tensor and calculation of diffusion indexes such as FA and ADC; tracking and visualization of whole brain voxel fibers for FA>0.2, and respectively marking the direction of nerve fiber bundles, An image indicating the direction of the nerve fiber bundle is projected back onto the MRI image to obtain an MRI image with identifiable nerve fibers;

Currently, the standard image data storage format is DICOM format, but since the DTI is processed and projected back onto the MRI image, the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle obtained changes its image data, making it almost all in the DICOM format. The parameter information becomes invisible or unrecognizable, and the DICOM format data cannot be used for 3D reconstruction, so the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is exported to the JPG format.

S3: introducing the MRI image of the JPG format with the identifiable nerve fiber into the mimics software, and estimating the X, Y, and Z axis letters of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle The information is then input into the mimics software for three-dimensional reconstruction to obtain a three-dimensional model of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle.

In the mimics reconstruction software, for the acquisition of image information, it is necessary to input values of the X, Y, and Z axes. Therefore, performing the three-dimensional reconstruction of the nerve fiber bundle requires estimating the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle, and the calculation process includes:

According to the formula

(1) P=S/M

(2) T=P*D

Where P represents the pixel of the image, S represents the field of view of the image, M represents the image matrix, T represents the voxel, and D represents the layer thickness, wherein the matrix M contains rows and columns information;

In step S1, the MRI image data of the header includes information of rows, columns, and pixels P of the matrix M;

In step S2, the labeled nerve fiber image is projected back into the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle obtained by MRI, and contains the rows and columns information of the new matrix M. Since DTI is based on the original basic MRI image data, the field of view is unchanged. When the matrix becomes larger, the ability of the image to distinguish the size of the object becomes higher, and the pixels of the image become smaller. Similarly, when the matrix becomes smaller , the spatial resolution will be lower and the pixels will increase. Therefore, compared with the MRI image in step S1, the matrix M is changed, and the pixel P is also changed, and the field of view S is unchanged. Then, the changed pixel P value is calculated according to the formula (1).

Assume that in step S1, the rows and columns of the matrix M are as follows:

1.rows=256, columns=256, P=0.859375;

2.rows=512, columns=512, P=0.4296875;

In step S2, the rows and columns of the matrix M are as follows: 1.rows=1024, columns=1024;

Since the field of view of the image remains unchanged before and after DTI processing, it can be pushed according to formula (1). The value of the pixel P in step S2, P=0.21484375;

X, Y can be represented by the value of the changed pixel P, Z represents the distance between the fault and the fault of the image, and can be represented by the value of the layer thickness D. The layer thickness D does not change before and after the DTI, and can pass The MRI image data obtained in step S1 is obtained, and thus information on the X, Y, and Z axes is obtained.

The process of 3D reconstruction using mimics software includes:

(1) Input the calculated values of the X, Y, and Z axes into the mimics software, convert the image data, and mark the position information of the top, bottom, left, and right of the image;

(2) extracting the information of the nerve fibers by using the Thresholding tool in mimics, and defining the extracted objects by the range of the gray value of the pixels;

(3) Regional growth: mimics software calculates according to the selected pixel range, and integrates the connected pixels into one;

(4) Three-dimensional model formation: The mask in the mimics software calculates a three-dimensional model of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to the pixel of the region growth and Calculate 3D.

In order to obtain a three-dimensional model including brain tumors, blood vessels, and nerve fiber bundles, it is also included to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of brain tumors and blood vessels on MRI images with identifiable nerve fiber bundles using mimics software, and the reconstruction method is prior art. It will not be described in detail here. Finally, a three-dimensional model containing brain tumors, blood vessels, and nerve fiber bundles is obtained.

In order to obtain a three-dimensional model of a head including a nerve fiber bundle, a skull, a brain tumor, and a blood vessel, and a three-dimensional solid model thereof, the method further includes the following steps:

Scanning the head two-dimensional original image data with a brain CT;

The obtained two-dimensional CT image information of the head is introduced into mimics for three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull to obtain a three-dimensional model of the skull;

The obtained three-dimensional model including brain tumor, blood vessel and nerve fiber bundle was registered and fused with the three-dimensional skull model to establish a three-dimensional model including the skull and the target object; the results are shown in FIG. 2.

The three-dimensional model obtained in Fig. 2 is introduced into a 3D printer and printed to obtain a desired three-dimensional solid model of the head structure containing the nerve fiber bundle.

The 3D printing method can be a method in the prior art. The finally obtained 3D solid model is shown in Figure 3. Through the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional solid model, the position and orientation of the nerve fiber bundle can be clearly observed, as well as the positional relationship between the brain tumor and the nerve fiber bundle and the blood vessel, and the surgical planning and design of the brain tumor, the surgical approach design, and the operation risk Assessment, surgical drills and simulations are very helpful.

FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction device for intracranial nerve fiber bundles according to an embodiment of the present invention. The DTI-based intracranial nerve fiber bundle 3D reconstruction device 1100 may be a host computer with computing power, a personal computer PC, or a portable computer or terminal that can be carried. The specific embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific implementation of the computing node.

The DTI-based intracranial nerve fiber bundle 3D reconstruction apparatus 1100 includes a processor 1110, a communication interface 1120, a memory 1130, and a bus 1140. The processor 1110, the communication interface 1120, and the memory 1130 complete communication with each other through the bus 1140.

Communication interface 1120 is for communicating with network devices, including, for example, a virtual machine management center, shared storage, and the like.

The processor 1110 is configured to execute a program. The processor 1110 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.

The memory 1130 is used to store files. The memory 1130 may include a high speed RAM memory and may also include a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory. Memory 1130 can also be a memory array. The memory 1130 may also be partitioned, and the blocks may be combined into a virtual volume according to certain rules.

In a possible implementation, the above program may be program code including computer operating instructions. The program can be specifically used to: implement a DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction method of intracranial nerve fiber bundles or A method for preparing a three-dimensional solid model of a head including a nerve fiber bundle based on a 3D printing technique.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various exemplary algorithm steps in the embodiments described herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can select different methods for implementing the described functions for a particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

If the function is implemented in the form of computer software and sold or used as a stand-alone product, it is considered to some extent that all or part of the technical solution of the present invention (for example, a part contributing to the prior art) is It is embodied in the form of computer software products. The computer software product is typically stored in a computer readable non-volatile storage medium, including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all of the methods of various embodiments of the present invention. Or part of the steps. The foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The embodiments of the invention described above are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Practicality

A method for preparing a three-dimensional reconstruction of an intracranial nerve fiber bundle based on DTI according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method for preparing a three-dimensional solid model of a head including a nerve fiber bundle based on 3D printing technology can be applied to three-dimensional reconstruction of an image The technical field has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Providing a method for realizing three-dimensional reconstruction of intracranial nerve fiber bundles; providing a preparation method based on 3D printing technology to obtain a three-dimensional solid model of a head comprising a nerve fiber bundle.

(2) The present invention establishes an intracranial nerve fiber bundle by fusing MRI and DTI The three-dimensional model of the head can clearly display the position, movement and direction of the nerve fiber bundle through the three-dimensional model, thereby providing direct three-dimensional structural information for the positional relationship and mutual influence of other intracranial diseases and white matter fiber bundles. The clinical work of doctors is of great significance.

(3) obtaining a three-dimensional model including brain tumors, blood vessels, brain tissue, and nerve fiber bundles by three-dimensional reconstruction of brain tumors, blood vessels, brain tissues, and nerve fiber bundles, and displaying the relationship between the tumor and surrounding tissues by the three-dimensional model, thereby Provides good surgical guidance for tumor resection.

(4) The three-dimensional reconstruction method of the nerve fiber bundle of the present invention is simple and feasible. After the DTI is completed, only the JPG format image is exported, and the rest can be completed by simply rebuilding the engineer using the mimics single software.

(5) Further, in combination with 3D printing, a three-dimensional solid model of the head including intracranial nerve fiber bundles, other disease information, normal anatomy of the head, and the like can be obtained. The three-dimensional solid model of the head can provide a three-dimensional perspective of the disease information, and can provide a real 1:1 physical disease model in medical teaching. Compared with the cadaver, the 3D printed disease model is more easily available and the number is not limited; In clinical applications, the 3D printing model turns invisible anatomical structures and lesions into real touchable objects, transforming two-dimensional images into three-dimensional objects, which helps doctors to more intuitively plan preoperatively. Design, surgical approach design, surgical simulation, etc., to achieve accurate surgery, reduce the risk of surgery, has a good clinical application value. Avoiding the conventional clinical understanding of the disease is two-dimensional, the doctor needs to combine the various symptoms and imaging results of the patient, and the doctor builds a disease model in his mind according to his medical background, such as skilled anatomy. As a result, the models built by each doctor may be different and some information may be missed.

Claims (14)

A DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction method of intracranial nerve fiber bundles, comprising the following steps: S1: scanning a local region of the head or the head by using magnetic resonance to obtain MRI image data of the target tissue region; S2: Perform DTI processing on the obtained MRI image data, obtain the FA signal of the MRI image, mark the nerve fiber bundle direction, and project the image indicating the nerve fiber bundle direction back onto the MRI image to obtain the identifiable nerve fiber. MRI image of the beam; S3: introducing the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle into the mimics software, and estimating the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle, and then inputting the calculation result Three-dimensional reconstruction of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle was performed in the mimics software. The method for three-dimensional reconstruction of a DTI-based intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 1, wherein the DTI processing in S2 comprises a calculation of a diffusion tensor and a calculation of a diffusion index of FA and ADC, and is performed for FA>0.2. Whole brain voxel fiber tracking and visualization. The DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction method of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is saved in a JPG format. The DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction method of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is estimated. The calculation process includes: According to the formula (1) P=S/M (2) T=P*D Where P represents the pixel of the image, S represents the field of view of the image, M represents the image matrix, T represents the voxel, and D represents the layer thickness, wherein the matrix M contains rows and columns information; In step S1, the MRI image data of the head lesion tissue includes information of rows, columns, and pixels P of the matrix M; in step S2, the labeled nerve fiber bundle image is projected back to the MRI image to obtain an identifiable The MRI image of the nerve fiber bundle includes the rows and columns information of the new matrix M. Compared with the MRI image in step S1, the matrix M changes, and the pixel P also changes, and the field of view S does not change. Equation (1) calculates the changed pixel P value, where X and Y are represented by the calculated value of the changed pixel P, and Z is represented by the value of the layer thickness D. The method for three-dimensional reconstruction of a DTI-based intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 4, wherein in the step S3, the process of inputting the calculation result into the mimics software for three-dimensional reconstruction is as follows: (1) Input the calculated values of the X, Y, and Z axes into the mimics software, convert the image data, and mark the position information of the top, bottom, left, and right of the image; (2) extracting the nerve fiber information by using mimics software, and defining the extracted object by the pixel gray value range; (3) Three-dimensional model formation: The mimics software calculates a three-dimensional model of the nerve fiber bundle based on the extracted object. The DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction method of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 5, wherein the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is reconstructed by the mimics software for three-dimensional reconstruction of the brain tumor, and finally the brain is obtained. A three-dimensional model of tumor and nerve fiber bundles. The method for three-dimensional reconstruction of a DTI-based intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 5, wherein the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction of the blood vessel using mimics software, and finally the blood vessel and the blood vessel are obtained. A three-dimensional model of a nerve fiber bundle. The DTI-based intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 5, wherein the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is reconstructed by using mimics software, and finally the brain is obtained. A three-dimensional model of tissue and nerve fiber bundles. The DTI-based three-dimensional reconstruction method of the intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to claim 5, wherein the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle is used to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of brain tumors and blood vessels by using mimics software, and finally obtained. Contains a three-dimensional model of brain tumors, blood vessels, and nerve fiber bundles. The method of three-dimensional reconstruction of a DTI-based intracranial nerve fiber bundle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a 3D printing step of obtaining a three-dimensional solid model comprising an intracranial nerve fiber bundle. A method for preparing a three-dimensional solid model of a head comprising a nerve fiber bundle based on a 3D printing technique, comprising the steps of: S1: scanning a local region of the head or the head by using magnetic resonance to obtain MRI image data of the target tissue region; S2: performing DTI processing on the obtained MRI image data, obtaining the FA signal of the MRI image and marking the nerve fiber bundle direction, and projecting the image indicating the nerve fiber bundle orientation onto the MRI image, thereby obtaining the identifiable nerve fiber bundle. MRI image; S3: introducing the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle into the mimics software, and estimating the X, Y, and Z axis information of the MRI image with the identifiable nerve fiber bundle; S4: input the calculated values of the X, Y, and Z axes into the mimics software, convert the image data, and mark the position information of the top, bottom, left, and right of the image; S5: defining an extracted object by a pixel gray value range, and marking each different object; S6: removing non-target objects according to requirements, leaving a demand target object including a nerve fiber bundle; S7: performing a three-dimensional model transformation on a demand target object including a nerve fiber bundle, and calculating a three-dimensional model forming a target object; S8: scanning the head two-dimensional original image data with a brain CT; S9: Import the data obtained by S8 into mimics, and select the skull information for three-dimensional skull Model reconstruction to obtain a three-dimensional model of the skull; S10: registration and fusion of the three-dimensional model obtained by S7 with the three-dimensional model of the skull obtained by S9, and establishing a three-dimensional model including the skull and the target object; S11: Import the three-dimensional model obtained by S10 into a 3D printer, print and print the desired three-dimensional solid model of the head containing the nerve fiber bundle. The preparation method according to claim 11, wherein in S5, the subject is all head medical anatomy and intracranial tumor. The preparation method according to claim 12, wherein in S5, the medical anatomy of the head is blood vessel, brain tissue, corticospinal tract, corpus callosum, internal capsule, cingulate gyrus, coronary radiation, optic nerve and other intracranial tissues. . A three-dimensional solid model prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 11 to 13 for application in surgical simulation, surgical evaluation, surgical planning, surgical approach design, and clinical teaching.

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