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WO2017069055A1 - Système audiovisuel - Google Patents

Système audiovisuel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017069055A1
WO2017069055A1 PCT/JP2016/080535 JP2016080535W WO2017069055A1 WO 2017069055 A1 WO2017069055 A1 WO 2017069055A1 JP 2016080535 W JP2016080535 W JP 2016080535W WO 2017069055 A1 WO2017069055 A1 WO 2017069055A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display device
conversion film
vibration
electrode
electroacoustic conversion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2016/080535
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
井上　大輔
三好　哲
信 小澤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Corp
Original Assignee
Fujifilm Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fujifilm Corp filed Critical Fujifilm Corp
Priority to JP2017546526A priority Critical patent/JP6373510B2/ja
Priority to DE112016004292.2T priority patent/DE112016004292B4/de
Priority to CN201680060103.4A priority patent/CN108141674A/zh
Publication of WO2017069055A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017069055A1/fr
Priority to US15/948,019 priority patent/US10341774B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B06B1/0629—Square array
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
    • B06B1/0662—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H04R17/005—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers using a piezoelectric polymer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/15—Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2400/11—Positioning of individual sound objects, e.g. moving airplane, within a sound field

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an audiovisual system including a display device that displays video and an electroacoustic conversion unit that reproduces sound.
  • a video / audio system that plays back video and sound in a movie theater, a television broadcast such as terrestrial broadcast, and plays back video and sound, or a video recorded on a recording medium such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)
  • a display device such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display that reproduces sound
  • multiple channels such as 2-channel and 5.1-channel are used by using a plurality of speakers.
  • the position of the sound source is virtually reproduced.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a speaker layout in a general movie theater, and there are many speakers such as left and right front speakers, a center speaker, and a rear speaker so as to surround a spectator seat, that is, a viewer. It is described that it is arranged in a channel.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a video display device in which two audio transducers are vertically arranged around a video screen, determines the position of the perceived origin (sound source) of the audio signal on the video plane, It is described that a pseudo sound image is generated on the video plane between the selected speaker positions by selecting two or more speakers corresponding to the horizontal position of the sound and reproducing the sound with the selected speakers. Yes.
  • Patent Document 3 a plurality of images are simultaneously displayed on the image display unit, a virtual sound source position of the image is set at each position where the plurality of images are displayed on the screen, and sound is generated from the virtual sound source. It is described that an audio signal that reproduces a state in which the user is audibly or audiovisually reproduced using a plurality of speakers.
  • Patent Document 4 a polymer composite piezoelectric body in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a viscoelastic matrix made of a polymer material having viscoelasticity at room temperature and the polymer composite piezoelectric body are arranged on both surfaces. It is described that an electroacoustic conversion film having a thin film electrode can be attached to the back side of a flexible display or screen and used as a speaker, so that sound can be reproduced from the direction in which the image is displayed and the sense of reality can be improved. ing.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide an audiovisual system that can generate sound from a position corresponding to an image and can improve a sense of reality. .
  • a polymer composite piezoelectric material obtained by dispersing piezoelectric particles in a viscoelastic matrix made of a polymer material exhibiting viscoelasticity at room temperature, and a polymer An electroacoustic conversion film comprising an electroacoustic conversion film having thin film electrodes laminated on both sides of the composite piezoelectric body, and supporting the electroacoustic conversion film by curving and using at least a part of the electroacoustic conversion film as a vibration region.
  • a plurality of vibration areas are arranged on the entire rear surface of the display device, and the sound data input to the electroacoustic conversion unit includes position information of the vibration areas. Accordingly, it can solve the above problems, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention provides an audiovisual system having the following configuration.
  • An electroacoustic conversion unit comprising: an electroacoustic conversion unit that curves and supports the electroacoustic conversion film, and at least a part of the electroacoustic conversion film is a vibration region; and Including a screen on which an image is projected, or a display device which is an image display device, At least one electroacoustic conversion unit is disposed on the back surface opposite to the surface on which the image of the display device is displayed, and a plurality of vibration regions are arranged on the entire back surface of the display device, An audiovisual system in which position information of a vibration area is included in sound data input to an electroacoustic conversion unit.
  • the audiovisual system according to (1) in which sound is generated by selecting at least one vibration region from a plurality of vibration regions arranged on the back surface of the display device based on an image displayed on the display device.
  • the audiovisual system according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein a plurality of electroacoustic conversion units are arranged on the back surface of the display device.
  • the electroacoustic conversion film has a plurality of pairs of thin film electrodes sandwiching the polymer composite piezoelectric material, and is formed with a plurality of vibration regions. Audiovisual system.
  • an audiovisual system that can generate sound from a position corresponding to an image and can improve a sense of reality.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view conceptually showing an example of an audiovisual system of the present invention. It is a side view of FIG. 1A. It is a top view which shows an example of an electroacoustic conversion unit typically.
  • FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2A. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of an electroacoustic conversion film typically.
  • It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating an example of the preparation methods of an electroacoustic conversion film.
  • It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating an example of the preparation methods of an electroacoustic conversion film.
  • FIG. 5B is a side view of FIG. 5A. It is a top view which shows typically an example of the electroacoustic conversion film used for the audiovisual system of FIG. 5A.
  • FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6A.
  • the audiovisual system of the present invention includes a polymer composite piezoelectric material in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a viscoelastic matrix made of a polymer material exhibiting viscoelasticity at room temperature, and laminated on both surfaces of the polymer composite piezoelectric material.
  • An electroacoustic conversion unit having an electroacoustic conversion film having a thin film electrode, a curved and supported electroacoustic conversion film, and at least a part of the electroacoustic conversion film as a vibration region, and a screen on which an image is projected
  • a display device that is a video display device, wherein at least one electroacoustic conversion unit is disposed on a back surface opposite to a surface on which a video image of the display device is displayed, and a plurality of vibration regions are displayed on the display device.
  • FIG. 1A is a front view schematically showing an example of the audiovisual system of the present invention
  • FIG. 1B is a side view of FIG. 1A.
  • 1A and 1B includes a display device 102 that displays video, and a plurality of electroacoustic conversion units (sound reproduction speakers) that are arranged entirely on the back side of the display device 102.
  • conversion unit (Hereinafter also referred to as “conversion unit”) 40.
  • 40 conversion units 40 are arranged in a matrix of 5 rows ⁇ 8 columns on the entire rear surface of the display device 102.
  • the conversion unit 40 in the present invention is an electroacoustic conversion film in which thin film electrodes are laminated on both sides of a polymer composite piezoelectric material obtained by dispersing piezoelectric particles in a viscoelastic matrix made of a polymer material that exhibits viscoelasticity at room temperature. It is used as a diaphragm.
  • the conversion unit 40 supports the electroacoustic conversion film by curving it, and by applying a voltage to the electroacoustic conversion film, the electroacoustic conversion film expands or contracts in the in-plane direction. It moves upward (in the direction of sound emission) or moves downward, and vibration (sound) and electrical signals are converted by vibration caused by repeated expansion and contraction.
  • the plurality of conversion units 40 arranged on the entire back surface of the display device 102 opposite to the surface on which the video is displayed are transmitted to each conversion unit 40 based on the video displayed on the display device. Is input to generate sound. This point will be described in detail later.
  • the display device 102 is a screen on which an image from a projector, a projector, or the like is projected, a liquid crystal display, or an image display device.
  • a screen there is no limitation on the screen, and various known screens used as projector screens, such as white or silver sheets formed of resin or the like, can be used.
  • various known screens used as projector screens such as white or silver sheets formed of resin or the like, can be used.
  • video display apparatus A well-known organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display, a liquid crystal display, etc. can be utilized.
  • the display device 102 transmits sound from the back surface side to the surface side displaying the video.
  • FIG. 2A is a top view schematically showing an example of the conversion unit 40
  • FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2A.
  • the conversion unit 40 uses an electroacoustic conversion film (hereinafter also referred to as “conversion film”) as a diaphragm.
  • the conversion unit 40 is a flat speaker, and the vertical direction in FIG. 2B is the vibration direction of the conversion film 10, that is, the sound emission direction.
  • FIG. 3A is a view as seen from the vibration direction of the conversion film 10.
  • the conversion unit 40 includes the conversion film 10, a case 42, a viscoelastic support 46, and a pressing member 48.
  • the conversion film 10 is a piezoelectric film that has piezoelectricity and whose main surface expands and contracts depending on the state of the electric field, and is held in a curved state so that the expansion and contraction motion along the film surface is perpendicular to the film surface. It is converted into vibration in any direction, and an electrical signal is converted into sound.
  • the conversion film 10 used in the conversion unit 40 includes a polymer composite piezoelectric material in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a viscoelastic matrix made of a polymer material having viscoelasticity at room temperature, and a polymer composite piezoelectric material. It is a conversion film which has the thin film electrode laminated
  • the case 42 is a holding member that holds the conversion film 10 and the viscoelastic support 46 together with the pressing member 48.
  • the case 42 is a box-shaped housing that is made of plastic, metal, wood, or the like and that is open on one side.
  • the case 42 has a thin hexahedral shape, and one of the maximum surfaces is an open surface. Moreover, the open part has a regular square shape.
  • the case 42 accommodates a viscoelastic support 46 inside.
  • the shape of the case 42 (that is, the shape of the conversion unit) is not limited to a rectangular tube shape, and various types of cases such as a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape having a rectangular bottom surface can be used. is there.
  • the viscoelastic support 46 has appropriate viscosity and elasticity, holds the conversion film 10 in a curved state, and gives a constant mechanical bias anywhere on the conversion film 10, thereby expanding and contracting the conversion film 10. This is for converting the movement into a back-and-forth movement (movement in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the conversion film) without waste.
  • the viscoelastic support 46 has a quadrangular prism shape having a bottom shape substantially the same as the bottom surface of the case 42. The height of the viscoelastic support 46 is greater than the depth of the case 42.
  • the material of the viscoelastic support 46 is not particularly limited as long as it has an appropriate viscosity and elasticity and does not hinder the vibration of the piezoelectric film and can be suitably deformed.
  • Examples include wool felt, non-woven fabric such as wool felt containing rayon and PET, foam material (foamed plastic) such as glass wool or polyurethane, polyester wool, multiple layers of paper, magnetic fluid, paint, etc. Illustrated.
  • the specific gravity of the viscoelastic support 46 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected according to the type of the viscoelastic support.
  • the specific gravity is preferably 50 ⁇ 500kg / m 3, more preferably 100 ⁇ 300kg / m 3.
  • the specific gravity is preferably 10 to 100 kg / m 3 .
  • the pressing member 48 is for supporting the conversion film 10 while being pressed against the viscoelastic support 46, and is formed of a plastic, metal, wood, or the like, and is a square plate having an opening in the center. It is a shaped member.
  • the pressing member 48 has the same shape as the open surface of the case 42, and the shape of the opening is a regular square shape similar to the open portion of the case 42.
  • the viscoelastic support 46 is accommodated in the case 42, the case 42 and the viscoelastic support 46 are covered by the conversion film 10, and the case 42 is opened around the conversion film 10 by the pressing member 48.
  • the pressing member 48 is fixed to the case 42 while being in contact with the surface.
  • the method for fixing the pressing member 48 to the case 42 is not particularly limited, and various known methods such as a method using screws and bolts and nuts and a method using a fixing jig can be used.
  • the viscoelastic support 46 has a height (thickness) thicker than the height of the inner surface of the case 42. That is, before the conversion film 10 and the pressing member 48 are fixed, the viscoelastic support 46 protrudes from the upper surface of the case 42. Therefore, in the conversion unit 40, the closer to the peripheral portion of the viscoelastic support 46, the lower the viscoelastic support 46 is pressed by the conversion film 10 and the thickness is reduced. That is, at least a part of the main surface of the conversion film 10 is held in a curved state. Thereby, a curved part is formed in at least a part of the conversion film 10. In the conversion unit 40, the curved portion becomes a vibration region.
  • the curved portion is also referred to as a vibration region.
  • the viscoelastic support 46 is compressed in the thickness direction as it approaches the pressing member 48.
  • the machine can be used anywhere in the conversion film 10 due to the static viscoelastic effect (stress relaxation). Constant bias can be maintained. Thereby, since the expansion / contraction motion of the conversion film 10 is converted into the back-and-forth motion without waste, it is possible to obtain a flat conversion unit 40 that is thin and has sufficient sound volume and excellent acoustic characteristics.
  • a region of the conversion film 10 corresponding to the opening of the pressing member 48 is a region that actually vibrates. That is, the pressing member 48 is a part that defines a vibration region. Therefore, the conversion unit 40 shown in FIG. 2 has one vibration region.
  • a conversion unit using a piezoelectric conversion film is generally easier to increase the size of the diaphragm relative to the size of the entire unit than a cone speaker having a circular diaphragm. Easy.
  • the surface of the conversion unit 40 on the conversion film 10 side is similar to the curved portion. That is, the outer shape of the pressing member 48 and the shape of the opening are preferably similar.
  • the pressing force of the viscoelastic support 46 by the conversion film 10 is not particularly limited, but the surface pressure at a position where the surface pressure is low is 0.005 to 1.0 MPa, particularly 0.02 to 0. About 2 MPa is preferable.
  • the thickness of the viscoelastic support 46 is not particularly limited, but the thickness before pressing is preferably 1 to 100 mm, particularly 10 to 50 mm.
  • the viscoelastic support 46 having viscoelasticity is used.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and any structure that uses at least an elastic support having elasticity may be used.
  • it is good also as a structure which replaces with the viscoelastic support body 46 and has an elastic support body which has elasticity.
  • the elastic support include natural rubber and various synthetic rubbers.
  • the conversion unit 40 shown in FIG. 3A presses the entire periphery of the conversion film 10 against the case 42 by the pressing member 48
  • the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the conversion unit using the conversion film 10 does not have the pressing member 48, and the conversion film 10 is placed on the upper surface of the case 42 by screws, bolts, nuts, jigs, and the like at four corners of the case 42.
  • a structure formed by pressing / fixing can also be used.
  • an O-ring or the like may be interposed between the case 42 and the conversion film 10.
  • the conversion unit using the conversion film 10 may not have the case 42 that houses the viscoelastic support 46.
  • a viscoelastic support is placed on a rigid support plate, the conversion film 10 is placed so as to cover the viscoelastic support, and a pressing member similar to the above is placed on the periphery.
  • a configuration in which the viscoelastic support is pressed together with the pressing member by fixing the pressing member to the support plate with a screw or the like can also be used.
  • the size of the support plate may be larger than that of the viscoelastic support.
  • various vibration plates such as polystyrene, foamed PET, or carbon fiber can be used, so that the vibration of the conversion unit can be obtained. The effect of further amplifying can also be expected.
  • the structure which presses a periphery is not limited for the conversion unit,
  • the structure formed by pressing the center of the laminated body of the viscoelastic support body 46 and the conversion film 10 by a certain means is also available. That is, the conversion unit can use various configurations as long as the conversion unit 10 is held in a curved state. Or it is good also as a structure which affixes the tension
  • case 42 It is good also as a structure which fixes the edge part of the conversion film 10 on the back surface side of the case 42 using the conversion film 10 larger than this opening surface. That is, the case 42 and the viscoelastic support 46 arranged in the case 42 are covered with the conversion film 10 larger than the opening surface of the case 42, and the end of the conversion film 10 is pulled to the back side of the case 42.
  • the conversion film 10 may be pressed against the viscoelastic support 46 to apply a tension to bend, and the end of the conversion film may be fixed on the back side of the case 42.
  • case with airtightness cover the open end of the case with a conversion film, close it, introduce gas into the case, apply pressure to the conversion film, and inflate in a convex shape, or the case It is good also as a structure hold
  • the conversion film 10 is pressed by the viscoelastic support 46 and is held in a state in which the main surface is curved in a convex shape. Furthermore, there is no particular limitation on the configuration for holding the conversion film 10 in a curved state.
  • the conversion film 10 itself may be curved by forming a convex portion.
  • a formation method of a convex part The processing method of various well-known resin films can be utilized.
  • the convex portion can be formed by a forming method such as a vacuum pressure molding method or embossing.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing an example of the conversion film 10.
  • the conversion film 10 includes a piezoelectric layer 12 that is a piezoelectric sheet, a lower thin film electrode 14 that is laminated on one surface of the piezoelectric layer 12, and a lower thin film electrode 14.
  • the piezoelectric layer 12 is made of a polymer composite piezoelectric material.
  • the polymer composite piezoelectric material forming the piezoelectric layer 12 has piezoelectric particles 26 dispersed in a viscoelastic matrix 24 containing a polymer material having viscoelasticity at room temperature.
  • “normal temperature” refers to a temperature range of about 0 to 50 ° C.
  • the piezoelectric layer 12 is polarized.
  • the polymer composite piezoelectric material (piezoelectric layer 12) preferably has the following requirements.
  • (I) Flexibility For example, when gripping in a loosely bent state like a newspaper or a magazine for portable use, it is constantly subject to a relatively slow and large bending deformation of several Hz or less from the outside. become. At this time, if the polymer composite piezoelectric material is hard, a large bending stress is generated, and a crack is generated at the interface between the polymer matrix and the piezoelectric particles, which may eventually lead to destruction. Accordingly, the polymer composite piezoelectric body is required to have an appropriate softness. Further, if the strain energy can be diffused to the outside as heat, the stress can be relaxed.
  • the loss tangent of the polymer composite piezoelectric material is appropriately large.
  • (Ii) Sound quality The speaker vibrates the piezoelectric particles at an audio band frequency of 20 Hz to 20 kHz, and the vibration plate (polymer composite piezoelectric material) vibrates as a whole by the vibration energy, so that sound is reproduced.
  • the polymer composite piezoelectric body is required to have an appropriate hardness.
  • the frequency characteristic of the speaker is smooth, the amount of change in the sound quality when the lowest resonance frequency f 0 with the change in the curvature is changed becomes small. Therefore, the loss tangent of the polymer composite piezoelectric material is required to be moderately large.
  • the polymer composite piezoelectric material used for a flexible speaker is required to be hard for vibrations of 20 Hz to 20 kHz and soft for vibrations of several Hz or less.
  • the loss tangent of the polymer composite piezoelectric body is required to be reasonably large with respect to vibrations of all frequencies of 20 kHz or less.
  • polymer solids have a viscoelastic relaxation mechanism, and as the temperature increases or the frequency decreases, large-scale molecular motion decreases (relaxes) the storage elastic modulus (Young's modulus) or maximizes the loss elastic modulus (absorption). As observed. Among them, the relaxation caused by the micro Brownian motion of the molecular chain in the amorphous region is called main dispersion, and a very large relaxation phenomenon is observed. The temperature at which this main dispersion occurs is the glass transition point (Tg), and the viscoelastic relaxation mechanism appears most remarkably.
  • Tg glass transition point
  • a polymer material having a glass transition point at room temperature in other words, a polymer material having viscoelasticity at room temperature is used as a matrix, so that vibrations of 20 Hz to 20 kHz can be prevented.
  • a polymer composite piezoelectric material that is hard and softly behaves with respect to slow vibrations of several Hz or less is realized.
  • a polymer material having a glass transition temperature at a frequency of 1 Hz at room temperature that is, 0 to 50 ° C., is preferably used for the matrix of the polymer composite piezoelectric material in terms of suitably exhibiting this behavior.
  • a polymer material having viscoelasticity at room temperature Preferably, a polymer material having a maximum value of loss tangent Tan ⁇ at a frequency of 1 Hz in a dynamic viscoelasticity test at room temperature, that is, 0 to 50 ° C., is 0.5 or more.
  • a polymer material having a maximum value of loss tangent Tan ⁇ at a frequency of 1 Hz in a dynamic viscoelasticity test at room temperature that is, 0 to 50 ° C.
  • the polymer material preferably has a storage elastic modulus (E ′) at a frequency of 1 Hz as measured by dynamic viscoelasticity of 100 MPa or more at 0 ° C. and 10 MPa or less at 50 ° C.
  • E ′ storage elastic modulus
  • the polymer material has a relative dielectric constant of 10 or more at 25 ° C.
  • the polymer material preferably has a relative dielectric constant of 10 or less at 25 ° C.
  • Polymer materials satisfying such conditions include cyanoethylated polyvinyl alcohol (cyanoethylated PVA), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylidene chloride core acrylonitrile, polystyrene-vinyl polyisoprene block copolymer, polyvinyl methyl ketone, and polybutyl. Examples include methacrylate.
  • cyanoethylated polyvinyl alcohol cyanoethylated PVA
  • polyvinyl acetate polyvinylidene chloride core acrylonitrile
  • polystyrene-vinyl polyisoprene block copolymer polyvinyl methyl ketone
  • polybutyl examples include methacrylate.
  • commercially available products such as Hibler 5127 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) can also be suitably used.
  • Hibler 5127 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
  • the viscoelastic matrix 24 using the polymer material having viscoelasticity at room temperature may use a plurality of polymer materials in combination as necessary. That is, other dielectric polymer materials may be added to the viscoelastic matrix 24 as needed in addition to viscoelastic materials such as cyanoethylated PVA for the purpose of adjusting dielectric properties and mechanical properties. .
  • dielectric polymer materials examples include polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer, and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer.
  • Fluorine polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene cyanide-vinyl acetate copolymer, cyanoethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl hydroxy saccharose, cyanoethyl hydroxy cellulose, cyanoethyl hydroxy pullulan, cyanoethyl methacrylate, cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanoethyl Hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl amylose, cyanoethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, cyanoethyl dihydroxypropyl cellulose, Synthesis of polymers having cyano groups or cyanoethyl groups, such as noethyl hydroxypropyl amylose, cyanoethyl polyacrylamide, cyanoethyl polyacrylate, cyanoethyl pullulan, cyanoethyl polyhydroxy
  • Examples thereof include rubber.
  • a polymer material having a cyanoethyl group is preferably used.
  • the dielectric polymer added to the viscoelastic matrix 24 of the piezoelectric layer 12 in addition to the material having viscoelasticity at room temperature such as cyanoethylated PVA is not limited to one type, and a plurality of types are added. Also good.
  • thermoplastic resins such as vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene, polystyrene, methacrylic resin, polybutene, isobutylene, phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, Thermosetting resins such as alkyd resins and mica may be added.
  • a tackifier such as rosin ester, rosin, terpene, terpene phenol, petroleum resin, etc. may be added.
  • the viscoelastic matrix 24 of the piezoelectric layer 12 there is no particular limitation on the amount of addition of a polymer other than a viscoelastic material such as cyanoethylated PVA, but it is 30% by weight or less in the proportion of the viscoelastic matrix 24. It is preferable that As a result, the characteristics of the polymer material to be added can be expressed without impairing the viscoelastic relaxation mechanism in the viscoelastic matrix 24, so that the dielectric constant is increased, the heat resistance is improved, and the adhesiveness to the piezoelectric particles 26 and the electrode layer is increased. A preferable result can be obtained in terms of improvement.
  • dielectric particles may be added to the viscoelastic matrix 24 for the purpose of increasing the dielectric constant of the piezoelectric layer 12.
  • the dielectric particles are particles having a high relative dielectric constant of 80 or more at 25 ° C.
  • the dielectric particles include lead zirconate titanate (PZT), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ), and lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT).
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • BaTiO 3 barium titanate
  • TiO 2 titanium oxide
  • strontium titanate SrTiO 3
  • lead lanthanum zirconate titanate PZT
  • Examples thereof include zinc oxide (ZnO), solid solution (BFBT) of barium titanate and bismuth ferrite (BiFeO 3 ), and the like.
  • barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) as the dielectric particles in terms
  • the dielectric particles preferably have an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m or less. Further, the volume fraction of the dielectric particles with respect to the total volume of the viscoelastic matrix and the dielectric particles is preferably 5 to 45%, more preferably 10 to 30%, and particularly preferably 20 to 30%.
  • the piezoelectric particles 26 are made of ceramic particles having a perovskite type or wurtzite type crystal structure.
  • ceramic particles constituting the piezoelectric particles 26 for example, lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), and Examples thereof include a solid solution (BFBT) of barium titanate and bismuth ferrite (BiFe 3 ).
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • PLAZT lead lanthanum zirconate titanate
  • BaTiO 3 barium titanate
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • BFBT solid solution
  • these ceramic particles may use only 1 type, and may use multiple types together.
  • the particle size of the piezoelectric particles 26 may be appropriately selected according to the size and application of the conversion film 10, but is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m according to the study of the present inventors. By setting the particle diameter of the piezoelectric particles 26 within the above range, favorable results can be obtained in terms of achieving both high piezoelectric characteristics and flexibility and improving withstand voltage.
  • the piezoelectric particles 26 in the piezoelectric layer 12 are uniformly and regularly dispersed in the viscoelastic matrix 24, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the piezoelectric particles 26 in the piezoelectric layer 12 may be irregularly dispersed in the viscoelastic matrix 24 as long as it is preferably dispersed uniformly.
  • the quantity ratio between the viscoelastic matrix 24 and the piezoelectric particles 26 in the piezoelectric layer 12 is required for the size and thickness of the conversion film 10 in the surface direction, the use of the conversion film 10, and the conversion film 10. What is necessary is just to set suitably according to the characteristic etc. to be.
  • the volume fraction of the piezoelectric particles 26 in the piezoelectric layer 12 is preferably 30 to 70%, particularly preferably 50% or more. 70% is more preferable.
  • the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the size of the conversion film 10, the use of the conversion film 10, the characteristics required for the conversion film 10, and the like. do it.
  • the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12 is reduced, and by reducing the thickness, the followability of the piezoelectric film with respect to the applied voltage is improved. Sound pressure and sound quality can be improved. Moreover, flexibility can be imparted.
  • the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12 is too thin, a local short circuit may occur when a voltage is applied with a continuous rigidity or when a high voltage is applied.
  • the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12 is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 8 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 15 to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the piezoelectric layer 12 is preferably polarized (polled) as described above. The polarization process will be described in detail later.
  • the lower thin film electrode 14 is formed on one surface of the piezoelectric layer 12, the lower protective layer 18 is formed thereon, and the other surface of the piezoelectric layer 12 is formed.
  • the upper thin film electrode 16 is formed, and the upper protective layer 20 is formed thereon.
  • the upper thin film electrode 16 and the lower thin film electrode 14 form an electrode pair.
  • the conversion film 10 covers, for example, the upper thin-film electrode 16 and an electrode lead-out portion that pulls out the electrode from the lower thin-film electrode 14 and a region where the piezoelectric layer 12 is exposed.
  • an insulating layer for preventing a short circuit or the like may be provided.
  • the thin-film electrode and the protective layer may be provided with a protruding portion outside the surface of the piezoelectric layer, or a part of the protective layer is removed to form a hole. Then, a conductive material such as a silver paste may be inserted into the hole portion to electrically connect the conductive material and the thin film electrode to form an electrode lead-out portion.
  • the number of electrode lead portions is not limited to one, and may include two or more electrode lead portions. In particular, in the case of a configuration in which a part of the protective layer is removed and a conductive material is inserted into the hole portion to form an electrode lead portion, it is necessary to have three or more electrode lead portions in order to ensure energization more reliably. preferable.
  • the conversion film 10 has a structure in which both surfaces of the piezoelectric layer 12 are sandwiched between electrode pairs, that is, an upper thin film electrode 16 and a lower thin film electrode 14, and this laminate is sandwiched between an upper protective layer 20 and a lower protective layer 18. Have Thus, the region held by the upper thin film electrode 16 and the lower thin film electrode 14 is driven according to the applied voltage.
  • the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 cover the upper thin film electrode 16 and the lower thin film electrode 14, and play a role of imparting appropriate rigidity and mechanical strength to the piezoelectric layer 12. . That is, in the conversion film 10 of the present invention, the piezoelectric layer 12 composed of the viscoelastic matrix 24 and the piezoelectric particles 26 exhibits very excellent flexibility against slow bending deformation, Depending on the application, rigidity and mechanical strength may be insufficient.
  • the conversion film 10 is provided with an upper protective layer 20 and a lower protective layer 18 to supplement it. Note that the lower protective layer 18 and the upper protective layer 20 are different in arrangement position and have the same configuration. Therefore, in the following description, it is not necessary to distinguish the lower protective layer 18 and the upper protective layer 20 from each other. Are collectively referred to as a protective layer.
  • the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 are not particularly limited, and various sheet materials can be used.
  • various resin films are preferably exemplified.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PP polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfite
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PEI Polyetherimide
  • PEI polyimide
  • PA polyamide
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • TAC triacetylcellulose
  • cyclic olefin resin are preferably used.
  • polyamide, polyimide, polyetherimide, polycarbonate, and triacetyl cellulose are preferably used from the viewpoint of exhibiting excellent heat resistance at a glass transition temperature Tg of 150 ° C. or higher. From these, appearance damage due to heat generation at the time of voltage application can be prevented, and a standing test and a driving test at a high temperature can be endured.
  • the thickness of the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 is not particularly limited.
  • the thicknesses of the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 are basically the same, but may be different.
  • the rigidity of the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 is too high, not only the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric layer 12 is restricted, but also the flexibility is impaired, so that the mechanical strength and the sheet-like material are good.
  • the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 are more advantageous as they are thinner.
  • the thickness of the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 is not more than twice the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12, it is possible to ensure both rigidity and appropriate flexibility. In this respect, preferable results can be obtained.
  • the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12 is 20 ⁇ m and the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 are made of PET
  • the thickness of the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 is preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less. In particular, the thickness is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less.
  • an upper thin film electrode (hereinafter also referred to as an upper electrode) 16 is provided between the piezoelectric layer 12 and the upper protective layer 20, and a lower thin film electrode is provided between the piezoelectric layer 12 and the lower protective layer 18. (Hereinafter also referred to as a lower electrode) 14 are formed.
  • the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 are provided for applying an electric field to the conversion film 10 (piezoelectric layer 12).
  • the lower electrode 14 and the upper electrode 16 are different in size and arrangement position, and have the same configuration. Therefore, in the following description, it is not necessary to distinguish the lower electrode 14 and the upper electrode 16 from each other. These members are collectively referred to as a thin film electrode.
  • the material for forming the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 is not particularly limited, and various conductors can be used. Specific examples include carbon, palladium, iron, tin, aluminum, nickel, platinum, gold, silver, copper, chromium and molybdenum, alloys thereof, indium tin oxide, and the like. Among them, any of copper, aluminum, gold, silver, platinum, and indium tin oxide is preferably exemplified.
  • the method for forming the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 is not particularly limited, and a vapor deposition method (vacuum film forming method) such as vacuum vapor deposition or sputtering, film formation by plating, or a foil formed of the above materials. Various known methods such as a method of sticking can be used.
  • a thin film of copper or aluminum formed by vacuum vapor deposition is preferably used as the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 because, for example, the flexibility of the conversion film 10 can be ensured.
  • a copper thin film formed by vacuum deposition is particularly preferably used.
  • the thicknesses of the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 are not particularly limited. The thicknesses of the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 are basically the same, but may be different.
  • the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 are more advantageous as they are thinner as long as the electric resistance is not excessively high.
  • the product of the thickness of the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 and the Young's modulus is less than the product of the thickness of the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 and the Young's modulus, This is preferable because flexibility is not greatly impaired.
  • the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 are PET (Young's modulus: about 6.2 GPa) and the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 are made of copper (Young's modulus: about 130 GPa)
  • the upper protective layer 20 Assuming that the thickness of the lower protective layer 18 is 25 ⁇ m, the thickness of the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 is preferably 1.2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thin film electrode is not necessarily formed corresponding to the entire surface of the piezoelectric layer 12 (the lower protective layer 18 and / or the upper protective layer 20). That is, at least one of the thin film electrodes may be smaller than the piezoelectric layer 12, for example, and the piezoelectric layer 12 and the protective layer may be in direct contact with each other at the periphery of the conversion film 10.
  • the protective layer having the thin film electrode formed on the entire surface does not need to be formed on the entire surface of the piezoelectric layer 12.
  • the second protective layer that is in direct contact with the piezoelectric layer 12 may be separately provided on the surface side of the protective layer.
  • a coating layer may be further provided between the thin film electrode and the piezoelectric layer 12 for the purpose of improving adhesion and flexibility.
  • the coating layer may be coated on the thin film electrode or on the piezoelectric layer 12.
  • a thermoplastic resin such as poly (meth) acryl, polyurethane, polyester polyolefin, PVA, or polystyrene, or a thermosetting resin such as phenol resin or melamine resin can be used as the polymer component.
  • a dielectric polymer is preferably used in order to improve acoustic performance.
  • the above-described polymers can be preferably used.
  • high dielectric particles, an antistatic agent, a surfactant, a thickener, a crosslinking agent, and the like may be added.
  • the layer structure of the conversion film 10 includes a piezoelectric layer 12, a lower thin film electrode 14 stacked on one surface of the piezoelectric layer 12, and a lower protective layer stacked on the lower thin film electrode 14. 18, the upper thin film electrode 16 laminated on the other surface of the piezoelectric layer 12, and the upper protective layer 20 laminated on the upper thin film electrode 16, but is not limited thereto.
  • an area where the piezoelectric layer 12 is exposed may be covered with an insulating layer for preventing a short circuit, a colored layer for covering the thin film electrode, and the like.
  • the layer configuration includes a piezoelectric layer 12, a lower thin film electrode 14 stacked on one surface of the piezoelectric layer 12, a lower colored layer stacked on the lower thin film electrode 14, A lower protective layer 18 laminated on the lower colored layer, an upper thin film electrode 16 laminated on the other surface of the piezoelectric layer 12, an upper colored layer laminated on the upper thin film electrode 16, and an upper colored layer
  • the upper protective layer 20 may be configured to be laminated.
  • the transmission density of the colored layer is preferably 0.3 or more, and more preferably 0.5 or more.
  • the transmission density is an optical density measured as a ratio of the transmitted light to the incident light.
  • the transmittance when the transmission density is 0.3 is about 50%, and the transmittance when the transmission density is 0.5. Is about 30%.
  • the thickness of the colored layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 nm or less, and particularly preferably 40 nm or less.
  • the colored layer preferably has a low electrical resistivity, and is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 ⁇ m or less.
  • the material for forming the colored layer is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above transmission density and does not change color due to rust or the like.
  • metals such as indium, nickel, titanium, aluminum, gold, platinum, and chromium, inorganic pigments such as carbon black (CB), titanium oxide, zinc oxide, and barium sulfate, quinacridone Examples thereof include organic, azo, benzimidazolone, phthalocyanine, and anthraquinone organic pigments, light scattering members having pores therein, and the like. From the viewpoints of the above-mentioned transmission density, thickness, and electrical resistivity, it is preferable to use a metal as the colored layer forming material, and among these, nickel is more preferable.
  • a vapor deposition method such as vacuum evaporation or sputtering, film formation by plating, or a foil formed of the above material is attached. Methods etc. are available. It is more preferable to form by vacuum deposition from the point that it can be formed thinner.
  • a coating method, printing, or the like can be used. A method of transferring a colored layer formed in advance can also be used.
  • the conversion film 10 includes the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 in which the piezoelectric layer 12 in which the piezoelectric particles 26 are dispersed in the viscoelastic matrix 24 containing a polymer material exhibiting viscoelasticity at room temperature. Further, the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 are sandwiched. Such a conversion film 10 preferably has a maximum value at room temperature at which the loss tangent (Tan ⁇ ) at a frequency of 1 Hz as measured by dynamic viscoelasticity measurement is 0.1 or more.
  • the strain energy can be effectively diffused to the outside as heat, so that the polymer matrix and the piezoelectric particles It is possible to prevent cracks from occurring at the interface.
  • the conversion film 10 preferably has a storage elastic modulus (E ′) at a frequency of 1 Hz as measured by dynamic viscoelasticity of 10 to 30 GPa at 0 ° C. and 1 to 10 GPa at 50 ° C.
  • the conversion film 10 can have a large frequency dispersion in the storage elastic modulus (E ′) at room temperature. That is, it can behave hard for vibrations of 20 Hz to 20 kHz and soft for vibrations of several Hz or less.
  • the conversion film 10 can be equipped with moderate rigidity and mechanical strength.
  • the conversion film 10 preferably has a loss tangent (Tan ⁇ ) at 25 ° C. and a frequency of 1 kHz in a master curve obtained from dynamic viscoelasticity measurement of 0.05 or more.
  • Ton ⁇ loss tangent
  • the conversion frequency characteristic of the loudspeaker using the film 10 becomes smooth, can vary the amount of sound is also small when the lowest resonance frequency f 0 with the change in the curvature of the speaker has changed.
  • a sheet-like object 11a in which the lower electrode 14 is formed on the lower protective layer 18 is prepared.
  • the sheet-like material 11a may be produced by forming a copper thin film or the like as the lower electrode 14 on the surface of the lower protective layer 18 by vacuum deposition, sputtering, plating, or the like.
  • the lower protective layer 18 with a separator temporary support
  • PET or the like having a thickness of 25 to 100 ⁇ m can be used.
  • what is necessary is just to remove a separator just before forming a side surface insulating layer, a 2nd protective layer, etc. after thermocompression bonding of a thin film electrode and a protective layer.
  • a polymer material having a cyanoethyl group such as cyanoethylated PVA (hereinafter also referred to as viscoelastic material) is dissolved in an organic solvent, and further, piezoelectric particles 26 such as PZT particles are added and stirred to disperse.
  • a paint is prepared.
  • the organic solvent is not particularly limited, and various organic solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone can be used.
  • the coating casting method is not particularly limited, and all known methods (coating apparatuses) such as a slide coater and a doctor knife can be used.
  • the viscoelastic material is a material that can be heated and melted, such as cyanoethylated PVA
  • 4B is extruded on the sheet-like material 11a shown in FIG. 4A by cooling, and cooled to have the lower electrode 14 on the lower protective layer 18 as shown in FIG. 4B.
  • a laminated body 11b formed by forming the piezoelectric layer 12 on the lower electrode 14 may be manufactured.
  • a polymer piezoelectric material such as PVDF may be added to the viscoelastic matrix 24 in addition to a viscoelastic material such as cyanoethylated PVA.
  • a viscoelastic material such as cyanoethylated PVA.
  • the polymer piezoelectric material added to the paint may be dissolved.
  • the polymer piezoelectric material to be added may be added to the heat-melted viscoelastic material and heat-melted. If the laminated body 11b which has the lower electrode 14 on the lower protective layer 18 and forms the piezoelectric layer 12 on the lower electrode 14 is manufactured, it is preferable to perform polarization treatment (polling) of the piezoelectric layer 12. Do.
  • the method for polarization treatment of the piezoelectric layer 12 is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. As a preferable method of polarization treatment, the method shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D is exemplified.
  • a bar or wire shape that is movable along the upper surface 12a with a gap g of, for example, 1 mm on the upper surface 12a of the piezoelectric layer 12 of the multilayer body 11b.
  • Corona electrode 30 is provided.
  • the corona electrode 30 and the lower electrode 14 are connected to a DC power source 32.
  • a heating means for heating and holding the stacked body 11b, for example, a hot plate is prepared.
  • the piezoelectric layer 12 is heated and held at, for example, a temperature of 100 ° C. by a heating means, and a direct current of several kV, for example, 6 kV, is connected between the lower electrode 14 and the corona electrode 30 from the DC power source 32. A voltage is applied to cause corona discharge. Further, the corona electrode 30 is moved (scanned) along the upper surface 12a of the piezoelectric layer 12 while maintaining the gap g, and the piezoelectric layer 12 is polarized.
  • a direct current of several kV for example, 6 kV
  • the corona electrode 30 may be moved by using a known rod-like moving means.
  • the method for moving the corona electrode 30 is not limited. That is, the corona electrode 30 may be fixed and a moving mechanism for moving the stacked body 11b may be provided, and the stacked body 11b may be moved to perform the polarization treatment.
  • the laminate 11b may be moved by using a known sheet moving means.
  • the number of corona electrodes 30 is not limited to one, and a plurality of corona electrodes 30 may be used to perform corona poling treatment.
  • the polarization process is not limited to the corona polling process, and normal electric field poling in which a direct current electric field is directly applied to a target to be polarized can also be used.
  • normal electric field poling it is necessary to form the upper electrode 16 before the polarization treatment.
  • the sheet-like object 11c in which the upper electrode 16 was formed on the upper protective layer 20 is prepared.
  • the sheet-like material 11c may be manufactured by forming a copper thin film or the like as the upper electrode 16 on the surface of the upper protective layer 20 by vacuum deposition, sputtering, plating, or the like.
  • the upper electrode 16 is directed toward the piezoelectric layer 12, and the sheet-like material 11 c is stacked on the stacked body 11 b that has finished the polarization treatment of the piezoelectric layer 12.
  • the laminated body of the laminated body 11b and the sheet-like material 11c is subjected to thermocompression bonding with a heating press device, a pair of heating rollers or the like so as to sandwich the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18, and the conversion film 10 Is made.
  • the conversion film 10 may be manufactured using the cut sheet-like sheet-like material or may be rolled to roll (hereinafter also referred to as RtoR).
  • RtoR is a raw material that has been processed by performing various processes such as film formation and surface treatment while pulling out the raw material from a roll formed by winding a long raw material and transporting it in the longitudinal direction. Is a manufacturing method in which the material is wound into a roll again.
  • a plurality of conversion units 40 are arranged on the back side of the display device 102 described above.
  • 40 conversion units 40 are approximately evenly arranged on the entire back surface in the direction of the back surface of the display device 102, and 5 rows ⁇ 8 columns. Are arranged in a matrix.
  • Each conversion unit 40 is arranged with the conversion film 10 side (vibration region side) that generates sound facing the back surface of the display device 102.
  • the plurality of conversion units 40 may be arranged in a region in which the video of the display device 102 is displayed in the plane direction.
  • the sound data input to the plurality of conversion units 40 arranged in this way includes position information of the conversion unit 40, and the sound data is input based on the video displayed on the display device. Sound is generated according to the image.
  • the conversion unit 40 arranged at a position where an object that is a source of sound is displayed,
  • the sound data generated from the sound source is input, and the conversion unit 40 generates the sound generated from the sound source.
  • sound data uttered by the person is input to the conversion unit 40 arranged at the position of the face (or mouth, etc.) of the uttered person.
  • the conversion unit 40 reproduces the voice uttered by the person.
  • the conversion unit 40 that generates the sound in accordance with the movement of the sound source is provided. Sound data is input to each conversion unit 40 so as to be changed sequentially.
  • the sound data input to the plurality of conversion units 40 includes the position information of the conversion units 40 and is displayed on the display device 102. Sound data generated from the sound source is input to the conversion unit 40 arranged at the position where the sound source is displayed in the image, and the conversion unit 40 generates the sound. Since the sound generated from the source object is generated, the image and the sound source position coincide with each other, and a sufficient sense of presence can be obtained.
  • the sound generated from the sound source is reproduced using the conversion unit 40 arranged at the position of the sound source on the video displayed on the display device 102 in this way.
  • the conversion units 40 are arranged at a high density so as to cover the entire area where the video is displayed. Need to be arranged.
  • the speakers are Therefore, there is a problem in that adjacent speakers influence each other and crosstalk occurs.
  • the conventional cone speaker since the conventional cone speaker has a circular shape in the surface direction, the vibration region, which is a region that substantially generates sound, cannot be arranged with high density, and the sound source Since there is a case where sound cannot be generated from the position where the object is displayed, there may be a positional deviation between the sound and the video.
  • a polymer composite piezoelectric body in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a viscoelastic matrix made of a polymer material exhibiting viscoelasticity at room temperature and a polymer composite piezoelectric body Since the conversion film 40 using the conversion film 10 having a thin film electrode sandwiching the film as a diaphragm is used, a plurality of conversion films 40 are arranged at a high density over the entire area where the image of the display device 102 is displayed, Even when the distances between the conversion films 40 are close to each other, crosstalk hardly occurs, and each conversion film 40 can reproduce sound appropriately.
  • the vibration region can be formed in a square shape, so that the vibration region can be arranged at a high density, and an object that generates sound is displayed. Sound can be generated properly from the position where it is located. As a result, the audiovisual system of the present invention can reproduce realistic sounds.
  • the conversion unit 40 using the conversion film 10 as a diaphragm can be made thinner than a conventional cone speaker, it can be combined with a thin display such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display. , Can reduce the overall thickness. Moreover, since the conversion unit 40 can be made lighter than a conventional cone speaker, it can be made light even when combined with a thin display.
  • a thin display such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display.
  • the vibration region of the plurality of conversion films 40 with respect to the area of the region where the image of the display device 102 is displayed The total area ratio is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more.
  • One conversion unit 40 may be used to generate sound, or two or more conversion units 40 may be used to generate sound.
  • two or more conversion units 40 at positions where the sound source is displayed. May generate sound.
  • the number of the conversion units 40 arranged on the back surface side of the display device 102 is not limited as long as it is plural, and may be appropriately set according to the size of the display device 102, the size of the conversion unit 40, and the like. As the number of conversion units 40 increases, sound can be generated from the position of the sound source with higher accuracy, and so-called sound resolution can be increased. On the other hand, in order to increase the number of conversion units 40, it is necessary to reduce the size of each conversion unit 40. However, if the conversion units 40 are too small, there is a possibility that problems such as narrowing of the reproducible band may occur. is there. Therefore, the number of conversion units is preferably 4 or more.
  • the conversion unit 40 may be disposed in contact with the back surface of the display device 102 or may be disposed at a predetermined distance from the back surface of the display device 102.
  • the sound data input to the conversion unit 40 may be provided with position information of the conversion unit to be reproduced based on the video data in advance.
  • the video data and the sound data may be provided by being recorded on various recording media such as a film, a hard disk drive, a flash memory, a DVD, a Blu-ray disc, or may be provided via a communication line.
  • one conversion unit 40 has one vibration region, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration using the conversion unit 40 having a plurality of vibration regions. It is good.
  • An example is shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.
  • FIG. 5A is a front view schematically showing another example of the audiovisual system of the present invention
  • FIG. 5B is a side view of FIG. 5A.
  • the audiovisual system 110 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B includes a display device 102 that displays an image and a plurality of conversion units 112 that are entirely arranged on the back side of the display device 102.
  • 40 conversion units 112 are arranged in a matrix of 5 rows ⁇ 8 columns on the entire back surface of the display device 102.
  • the conversion unit 112 has the same configuration as the conversion unit 40 except that the conversion unit 112 includes a conversion film 114 instead of the conversion film 10.
  • Each conversion unit 112 has two vibration regions 114a and 114b. That is, the audiovisual system 110 has 80 vibration areas arranged on the back side of the display device 102.
  • FIG. 6A is a top view schematically showing an example of the conversion film 114
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 6A.
  • the conversion film 114 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B includes a piezoelectric layer 12 that is a piezoelectric sheet, and two upper thin film electrodes formed on one surface (upper surface in the illustrated example) of the piezoelectric layer 12.
  • the conversion film 114 has the same configuration as the conversion film 10 except that it has two upper thin film electrodes, two lower thin film electrodes, and two upper protective layers, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the following description is given. Do different parts mainly.
  • the conversion film 114 forms a first upper thin film electrode 16a and a second upper thin film electrode 16b on one surface of the piezoelectric layer 12, and the first upper protective layer 20a
  • the second upper protective layer 20b is formed, and the first lower thin film electrode 14a is formed on the other surface of the piezoelectric layer 12 so as to face the first upper thin film electrode 16a and the second upper thin film electrode 16b.
  • the second lower thin film electrode 14b is formed, the lower protective layer 18 is formed thereon, the first upper protective layer 20a, the end of the second upper protective layer 20b, and the first upper protective layer 20a,
  • the side insulating layer 60 that covers the piezoelectric layer 12 is provided around the second upper protective layer 20b.
  • the first upper thin film electrode 16a and the first lower thin film electrode 14a form a first electrode pair
  • the second upper thin film electrode 16b and the second lower thin film electrode 14b are the second electrode. Form a pair.
  • the piezoelectric layer 12 is sandwiched between electrode pairs (upper thin film electrode 16 and lower thin film electrode 14), and this laminate is sandwiched between the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18.
  • It has the structure which consists of.
  • the region held between the first upper thin film electrode 16a and the first lower thin film electrode 14a (first electrode pair), the second upper thin film electrode 16b, and the second lower thin film electrode 14b ( The region held by the second electrode pair) is driven (vibrated) in accordance with the applied voltage.
  • the regions held between the electrode pairs are vibration regions.
  • a region held by the first electrode pair is referred to as a first vibration region 114a
  • a region held by the second electrode pair is referred to as a second vibration region 114b.
  • the conversion film 114 has two vibration regions that are driven by different signals.
  • the piezoelectric layer 12 is formed by dispersing piezoelectric particles 38 in a viscoelastic matrix 36 made of a polymer material having viscoelasticity at room temperature. Since they do not interfere with each other, even when a plurality of vibration regions are formed on one conversion film 114, each vibration region can generate sound.
  • a plurality of conversion units 112 using the conversion film 114 having a plurality of vibration regions are arranged on the back side of the display device 102, and the position of an object that is a sound generation source on the video displayed on the display device 102 Even when the sound generated from an object that is a sound source is reproduced using the vibration region arranged in FIG. 2, the video and the sound source position coincide with each other, so that a sufficient sense of reality can be obtained.
  • the conversion unit 112 using the conversion film 114 having a plurality of vibration areas the number of vibration areas can be increased, and sound is generated from the position of the sound source with higher accuracy. So that the so-called sound resolution can be increased.
  • one conversion unit 112 is configured to have two vibration regions 114a and 114b.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured to have three or more vibration regions.
  • the conversion film may have a configuration in which the piezoelectric layer is sandwiched between three or more electrode pairs.
  • a plurality of conversion units 112 using the conversion film 114 having a plurality of vibration regions are arranged on the back side of the display device 102.
  • positions one conversion unit 112 using the conversion film 114 which has this on the back surface side of the display apparatus 102 may be sufficient. That is, one conversion unit using a conversion film having a size corresponding to the entire back surface of the display device 102 in which a plurality of vibration regions are arranged corresponding to the entire back surface side of the display device 102 is provided. It is good also as a structure arrange
  • the conversion film 114 configured to sandwich the piezoelectric layer 12 between a plurality of electrode pairs.
  • thin film electrodes lower thin film electrode 14, upper thin film electrode 16
  • the thin film electrodes may be formed by patterning them into a predetermined shape and arrangement.
  • the audiovisual system of the present invention can be used as a movie theater screen and speaker.
  • the audiovisual system of the present invention can also be used as a display device and a speaker in a home theater, digital signage, projection mapping, a flexible organic EL display, and the like.
  • the conversion unit a conversion unit using a conversion film in which a polymer composite piezoelectric material obtained by dispersing piezoelectric particles in a viscoelastic matrix made of a polymer material exhibiting viscoelasticity at room temperature is sandwiched between thin film electrodes is used. Therefore, the conversion unit can be provided with flexibility, and can be suitably combined with a flexible display device such as a projector screen or a flexible organic EL display.
  • the audiovisual system of the present invention may be used in combination with a conventional speaker system such as 2.1 channel or 5.1 channel.
  • a conventional speaker system such as 2.1 channel or 5.1 channel.
  • Sound source when a sound source is not displayed in the video displayed on the display device (sound source), when playing the sound from this sound source, that is, when the sound source is outside the video.
  • a virtual sound source is set and a sound is played back.
  • Sound when playing a sound from a sound source in a scene where the sound source is displayed in the video displayed on the display device, Sound may be reproduced by the audiovisual system of the present invention.
  • Example 1 The conversion film 10 shown in FIG. 3 was produced by the method shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E. First, cyanoethylated PVA (CR-V manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) at the following composition ratio. Thereafter, PZT particles were added to the solution at the following composition ratio and dispersed with a propeller mixer (rotation speed: 2000 rpm) to prepare a coating material for forming the piezoelectric layer 12.
  • MEK methyl ethyl ketone
  • PZT particles ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1000 parts by mass ⁇ Cyanoethylated PVA ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 100 parts by mass ⁇ MEK ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 600 parts by mass
  • PZT particles commercially available PZT raw material powders were sintered at 1000 to 1200 ° C., and then crushed and classified so as to have an average particle size of 3.5 ⁇ m.
  • sheet-like materials 11a and 11c were prepared by vacuum-depositing a 0.1 ⁇ m thick copper thin film on a 4 ⁇ m thick PET film. That is, in this example, the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 are copper-deposited thin films having a thickness of 0.1 m, and the upper protective layer 20 and the lower protective layer 18 are PET films having a thickness of 4 ⁇ m. In addition, in order to obtain good handling during the process, a PET film with a 50 ⁇ m thick separator (temporary support PET) was used, and after the thermocompression bonding of the thin film electrode and the protective layer, the separator of each protective layer was removed. Removed.
  • temporary support PET temporary support PET
  • the lower electrode 14 (copper deposited thin film) of the sheet-like material 11a
  • a paint for forming the piezoelectric layer 12 prepared previously was applied using a slide coater.
  • the coating material was apply
  • the MEK was evaporated by heating and drying the sheet with the paint applied on the sheet 11a in an oven at 120 ° C. Thereby, the laminated body 11b which has the lower electrode 14 made of copper on the lower protective layer 18 made of PET, and formed the piezoelectric layer 12 (piezoelectric layer) having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m thereon was produced. .
  • the piezoelectric layer 12 of the laminate 11b was polarized by the above-described corona poling shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D.
  • the polarization treatment was performed by setting the temperature of the piezoelectric layer 12 to 100 ° C. and applying a DC voltage of 6 kV between the lower electrode 14 and the corona electrode 30 to cause corona discharge.
  • a mixture of cyanoethylated pullulan and cyanoethylated PVA (CR-M manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) is applied to the upper layer 16b (copper thin film side) to a thickness of 0.3 ⁇ m on the laminate 11b subjected to polarization treatment.
  • the sheet 11c was laminated with the coated surface of the film directed toward the piezoelectric layer 12.
  • the laminated body of the laminated body 11b and the sheet-like material 11c is thermocompression-bonded at 120 ° C. using a laminator device, so that the piezoelectric body layer 12 and the upper electrode 16 and the lower electrode 14 are bonded to make a flat conversion.
  • Film 10 was produced.
  • the produced conversion film 10 was assembled in a case 42 to produce a conversion unit 40.
  • the size of the vibration region in the conversion unit 40 was 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm.
  • the case 42 was a box-shaped container with one open surface, and an aluminum rectangular container having an outer dimension of 210 mm ⁇ 210 mm, an open surface size of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm, a depth of 4 mm, and a height of 6 mm was used.
  • a viscoelastic support 46 is disposed in the case 42.
  • the viscoelastic support 46 was glass wool having a height of 25 mm and a density of 32 kg / m 3 before assembly.
  • the pressing member 48 is an aluminum plate-like member having an opening size of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm.
  • the conversion film 10 is disposed so as to cover the viscoelastic support 46 and the opening of the case 42, the peripheral portion is fixed by the pressing member 48, and appropriate tension and curvature are given to the conversion film 10 by the viscoelastic support 46. .
  • a screen is used as the display device 102.
  • the size of the display surface of the display device 102 was 623 mm ⁇ 1107 mm.
  • 10 conversion units 40 having a vibration region size of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm were arranged in a matrix of 2 rows ⁇ 5 columns, and the audiovisual system 100 was produced. That is, the number of vibration regions was ten.
  • the total area of the vibration regions of the plurality of conversion units 40 with respect to the area of the display surface of the display device 102 was 60%.
  • Example 2 The audiovisual system 100 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 15 conversion units 40 were arranged in a matrix of 3 rows ⁇ 5 columns on the back side of the display device 102. That is, the number of vibration areas was fifteen. The total area of the vibration regions of the plurality of conversion units 40 with respect to the area of the display surface of the display device 102 was 90%.
  • Example 3 An audiovisual system 110 as shown in FIG. 5A was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the conversion film 114 having two vibration regions was used. Specifically, as the sheet-like materials 11a and 11c, a copper thin film having a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m was patterned on a PET film having a thickness of 4 ⁇ m and formed by vacuum deposition. The copper thin film was formed in two locations with a size of 90 mm ⁇ 200 mm. A conversion unit 114 was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the sheet-like materials 11a and 11c thus produced were used, and an audiovisual system 110 was produced. That is, the number of vibration regions was 30. The total area of the vibration regions of the plurality of conversion units 40 with respect to the area of the display surface of the display device 102 was 88%.
  • [Evaluation] ⁇ 3D effect> A video signal and a sound signal of a certain movie were inputted to the produced audiovisual system 100, and the sound and the sound were positioned and the sound could be localized.
  • the evaluation is performed by sensory evaluation by 20 people, and the evaluation is A when the number of persons evaluated as having a three-dimensional feeling is 18 or more, and the evaluation is B when the number is 16 or more and less than 18; 14 or more and less than 16
  • sound data to be input to each conversion unit (vibration region) is created in advance based on the video, and this sound data is converted to each conversion unit in accordance with the reproduction of the video signal. was entered and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the example of the audiovisual system of the present invention is higher in the evaluation of the three-dimensional effect of sound than in the comparative example, and the presence is high. Further, it can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Example 2 that the ratio of the total area of the plurality of vibration regions to the area of the region where the image is displayed on the display device is preferably 80% or more. Further, from the comparison between the second embodiment and the third embodiment, by using a conversion unit having a plurality of vibration areas and increasing the number of vibration areas, it is possible to increase the resolution of the sound and to increase the three-dimensional sound. I understand that I can do it. From the above results, the effect of the present invention is clear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention comprend : une unité de conversion électro-acoustique comprenant un film de conversion électro-acoustique ayant une substance piézoélectrique composite polymère formée par la dispersion de particules piézo-électriques dans une matrice viscoélastique comprenant un matériau polymère indiquant la viscoélasticité à température normale et une électrode à film mince stratifiée sur chacun de deux côtés de la substance piézoélectrique composite polymère, le film de conversion électroacoustique étant supporté dans sa forme incurvée et au moins une partie du film de conversion électro-acoustique constituant une zone de vibration ; et un dispositif d'affichage qui est un écran sur lequel une vidéo est projetée ou un dispositif d'affichage vidéo. Au moins une unité de conversion électro-acoustique est placée à l'arrière du dispositif d'affichage à l'opposé du côté du dispositif d'affichage sur lequel une vidéo est affichée, et une pluralité de zones de vibration est prévue sur la totalité de la surface à l'arrière du dispositif d'affichage, des informations de position relatives aux zones de vibration étant incluses dans des données sonores entrées dans l'unité de conversion électro-acoustique.
PCT/JP2016/080535 2015-10-21 2016-10-14 Système audiovisuel Ceased WO2017069055A1 (fr)

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JP2017546526A JP6373510B2 (ja) 2015-10-21 2016-10-14 映像音響システム
DE112016004292.2T DE112016004292B4 (de) 2015-10-21 2016-10-14 Video-Audio-System
CN201680060103.4A CN108141674A (zh) 2015-10-21 2016-10-14 影音系统
US15/948,019 US10341774B2 (en) 2015-10-21 2018-04-09 Video audio system

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JP2015-207028 2015-10-21

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US10341774B2 (en) 2019-07-02
DE112016004292B4 (de) 2019-03-07
DE112016004292T5 (de) 2018-07-19
JP6373510B2 (ja) 2018-08-15
US20180229271A1 (en) 2018-08-16
CN108141674A (zh) 2018-06-08

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