WO2017065110A1 - Medical posture retaining mat - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to stably retain a posture of a subject or patient when carrying out a medical procedure such as diagnosis or treatment. Provided is a medical posture retaining mat, comprising an airtight bag (2) and a shape retaining layer (3). The airtight bag (2) is a cover of the posture retaining mat (1) which sustains a posture of a human body. The shape retaining layer (3) is an interior material of the mat (1) contained within the airtight bag (2), is formed by the stacking of granules (P) having adhesive surfaces, is plastically deformable at room temperature, deforms in response to an external force being applied thereto, and retains the shape of said deformation. The shape retaining layer (3) is deformed prior to use in the shape of a specific part of the human body which is to be immobilized in place, a neck part receiving furrow (5) and a head part receiving depression (6), for example, which are concave parts of the deformed mat, then receive the head part (H) and neck part (N) of a human body, and the interior of the airtight bag (2) is degassed so as to harden the mat (1), immobilizing the head part of the subject or patient and stably retaining a given posture during a diagnosis or an operation.

Description

Medical posture holding mat

The present invention relates to a medical posture holding mat that holds the posture of a subject or a patient constant during medical procedures such as image diagnosis such as MRI, radiation therapy, and various surgical operations. In this specification, “body position” is used as a term meaning a specific position and posture of the body.

For example, in the case of MRI image diagnosis or radiotherapy, it is necessary to hold a human body in a fixed posture by fixing a specific part of the human body of the subject or patient so as not to move during the diagnosis or treatment. .
Conventionally, there has been known a mat of a type in which a fixed amount of granular material is housed in an airtight bag together with air as an interior material in an airtight bag equipped with an exhaust valve for deaeration as a mat for packaging or supporting articles. It has been.

According to this type of mat, when an article is placed on the upper surface of the airtight bag of the mat, a depression is formed in a part of the bag due to the weight of the article, and if the air in the bag is discharged as it is, the packing density of the granular material is increased. Since the bag is solidified by imitating a part of the shape of the article, the article can be stably supported on the bag.

This type of mat is used not only for supporting and wrapping articles, but also as a cushion for the human body. Furthermore, this type of mat is also attracting attention in the medical field and is used for diagnostic imaging or surgery. It is expected to be used for maintaining a medical posture (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

¡A mat used for the purpose of diagnosis or surgery by fixing a mat of the above type so that a specific part of the human body does not move for a certain period of time is called a medical posture holding mat. (Hereafter, for the sake of simplicity, it may be simply referred to as a mat)

Fig. 7 (a) shows an example of a body position holding mat 11 in which a fixed amount of the granular material P is accommodated together with air in an airtight bag 12 equipped with (not shown).

When the subject M lies on the bed B in an upward posture, the head H is lifted up slightly on the bed B to be in the correct posture. Therefore, if this posture is maintained, a difference in height occurs between the head H and the surface of the bed B.

The posture holding mat 11 is used to stabilize the posture by filling the height difference between the bed B and the head H. The granular material enclosed in the airtight bag 12 of the conventional posture holding mat 11 is used. Since P is made of synthetic resin, it is slippery, and even if an appropriate amount is piled up to a certain height, the piled granular material P flows smoothly as shown in FIG. 8 and returns to a gentle mountain shape. Cannot be secured.

In FIG. 7A, when the head-holding mat 11 is used as a pillow and the head H is placed on the top surface of the mat 11 and the air-tight bag 12 of the mat 11 is deaerated using an air pump, the mat 11, the head H, and the neck. 7 is solidified while leaving a gap d between the head N and the head H is supported by the mat surface of the partial head position holding mat 11 at the back of the head, but both sides of the head H and both sides of the neck N are shown in FIG. It cannot be supported on the mat surface as in (b) and (c).
In FIG. 7A, gaps between the head H and neck N and the surface of the mat 11 are indicated by a broken line d.

However, if part of the body-position-holding mat 11 is deaerated while being pressed against the neck N and the head H as shown in FIG. 9A, the head H as shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C. Can be solidified in close contact with both sides of the neck portion N and both sides of the neck portion N, but part of the bottom and both side edges of the posture holding mat 11 are lifted, and the posture holding mat 11 is supported on the bed. Becomes unstable, and the head H cannot be stabilized at a fixed position.

JP2007-29249 JP2009-112380 JP 2000-93258 A JP-A-11-113686

The problem to be solved is that the synthetic resin granules are generally slippery, and even if an appropriate amount is piled up to a certain height, the accumulated beads flow smoothly and return to a gentle mountain shape, so that the rising height is sufficient. In addition, if the inside of the bag is evacuated with part of the body-holding mat pressed against the human body, the body-holding mat can be solidified in close contact with the human body. The support of the posture holding mat itself is unstable and the posture cannot be stabilized.

Such problems are not limited to holding the head. The same problem arises when the limbs are fixed on the bed in a posture where the limbs are bent at a certain angle using the body posture holding mat, or when the waist is fixed on the bed.

The present invention makes it possible to stably hold the human body by allowing the body posture holding mat to have a self-shape holding function. The granular material can be plastically deformed like clay depending on the degree of adhesion. The self-holding function of the body-position-holding mat is a function that deforms when an external force is applied and maintains the deformed shape even after the external force is removed. Obtained by housing in an airtight bag.

Examples of sealing a granular material with a high-viscosity liquid adhered to the surface in an airtight bag can also be seen in, for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4, etc., both of which increase the fluidity of the granular material and are used, for example, as a pillow This is an attempt to conform to the shape of the head and to deform following the movement of the head. On the other hand, according to the present invention, it is possible to raise a laminate of granular materials to which moderate tackiness has been imparted in an airtight bag and transform it into a free shape, and within a recess formed between the rising portions. When a specific part of the human body is received, or the rising part is a screen, the specific part of the human body is supported in a recess formed between the screens, then the inside of the airtight bag is deaerated, and the lamination of the granular material is pressurized. Since the mat solidifies in the shape of a specific part of the human body, the rising part of the mat is fixed in a state where the mat is stably seated on the bed, and the posture of the subject and the patient is stabilized during diagnosis or treatment. Can do.

1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a medical posture holding mat according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. It is a figure which shows lamination | stacking of the granular material which adhered the substance which has adhesiveness on the surface. It is a figure which shows the state which the lamination | stacking deform | transforms by applying external force to the lamination | stacking of the granular material which adhered the substance which has adhesiveness on the surface, and the deformation | transformation shape is hold | maintained even after the external force was removed. It is a figure which shows the state which has formed the recess which receives a head in the lamination | stacking of the granular material to which the substance which has adhesiveness was applied with the finger | toe from the surface of the mat | matte. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the state which received the head in the recess formed in the upper surface of the body posture holding mat by this invention, deaerated the inside of an airtight bag, and solidified the mat. (B) is a sectional view taken along line x1-x1 in (a), and (c) is a sectional view taken along line x2-x2 in (a). (A) is sectional drawing which shows the state which supported the head and neck on the upper surface of the conventional body posture maintenance mat | matte, deaerated the inside of an airtight bag, and solidified the mat | matte. (B) is a sectional view taken along the line y1-y1 of (a), and (c) is a sectional view taken along the line y2-y2 of (a). It is a figure which shows the condition where even if it accumulates the granular material in a mat | matte, it will flow smoothly and will return to a gentle mountain shape, and sufficient rise height cannot be ensured. (A) In the state where the conventional body-position-holding mat is pressed against the head and neck of the human body, the head and neck are received in the recess formed in the upper surface of the mat, and the inside of the airtight bag is deaerated. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which solidified. (B) is a sectional view taken along line z1-z1 in (a), and (c) is a sectional view taken along line z2-z2 in (a).

In FIG. 1, a body posture-holding mat 1 according to the present invention includes an airtight bag 2 serving as a cover for the mat, and a self-shaped holding layer 3 that is plastically deformable at room temperature and filled in the airtight bag 2 as an interior material for the mat. Thus, an exhaust valve 4 used for degassing the airtight bag 2 is mounted on the air intake and exhaust pipe of the airtight bag 2.

In the present invention, the self-shape-holding layer 3 that can be plastically deformed at room temperature can be obtained, for example, by imparting appropriate adhesiveness to each fixed amount of granular material P filled in the airtight bag 2. Of course, it is necessary to secure a space between the self-shape holding layer 3 and the airtight bag 2 to receive the deformation of the self-shape holding layer 3.

(1) About the airtight bag used for the mat cover The cloth of the airtight bag 2 used for the mat cover needs to be airtight, and when the granular material P is provided with adhesiveness, it is used to provide adhesiveness. It is desirable to use a cloth made of a flexible material that does not bleed out a substance having a rust and does not feel uncomfortable for the human body.

A fabric satisfying the above conditions can be obtained, for example, by coating or laminating a resin in a film form on one side of a 2WAY fabric made of chemical fibers to impart gas barrier properties to the fabric. Nylon fabric is desirable because durability is required for the fabric, and PV (vinyl chloride) and PU (polyurethane) which are easily welded to the fabric are suitable for the film to be coated or laminated on the fabric.

Cloth thickness greatly affects flexibility. In order to increase flexibility, a thinner one is desirable, but it is preferable to set the thickness to about 1 mm to 0.2 mm in consideration of necessary strength as a mat cover and gas barrier properties. In addition, it is desired that X-rays are easily transmitted in preparation for CT examination and MRI examination, and that a non-magnetic material is selected.

(2) Self-shape-holding layer that can be plastically deformed at room temperature In the present invention, the self-shape-holding layer 3 has a recess having a shape necessary for receiving a portion to be fixed to the upper surface of the mat prior to receiving a specific portion of the human body. The self-shape retaining layer 3 that is a layer to be formed and can be plastically deformed at room temperature is a layer having a property capable of being plastically deformed so that, for example, when deformed by applying force to clay, its shape is maintained. Meaning.

As shown in FIG. 3, the layer having such properties is obtained by laminating the granular material P having adhesiveness on the surface, and the adhesiveness of the surface is obtained by appropriately applying a substance having adhesiveness to the surface of the granular material P. Although it can give by making it adhere, it can be used as it is, if it is a granule which has adhesiveness on the surface from the first.

(2-1) Granules There are no restrictions on the size, shape, and hardness of the granulate P, and any material can be used. It is desirable that the particle size be as small as possible for fitting. Furthermore, since it is desirable to be lightweight from the viewpoint of handling and fitting to the shape of a specific part of the human body, particles of synthetic resin foam are suitable, especially PS (polystyrene), PE (polyethylene) foam. Particles are suitable.

When giving priority to shape retention at a specific part of the human body, a PS resin foam with a low expansion ratio is suitable. When giving priority to cushioning, a PU or PE resin foam with a high expansion ratio is used. The resin can be blended to have intermediate properties.

(2-2) Adhesiveness of granular material Appropriate adhesiveness is imparted to the surface of the granular material P, and a self-shape-holding layer is formed by the lamination. By attaching a sticky substance to the surface of the granular material P, the adjacent granular materials P are integrated with each other to form the self-shaped holding layer 3 that can be plastically deformed at room temperature.

The self-shape-holding layer 3 is a laminated body of granular materials P that form a fixed form when no load is applied. The adhesiveness of the surface of the granular material P forming the self-shape retaining layer 3 causes the granular material P to slip due to a shearing force acting between the granular materials P when an external force is applied. Is deformed according to the magnitude and direction of the external force and the deformed shape is maintained.

The size of the airtight bag 2 of the mat 1 and the filling amount of the granular material P filled in the airtight bag 2 are not particularly limited. The larger the filling amount of the granular material within a certain volume, the thicker the self-shape holding layer 3 becomes. The self-shape holding layer 3 is deformed by receiving a shearing force acting between the granular materials P when an external force is applied. 4 is removed, at least for a while, if the deformed shape is maintained as shown in FIG. 4, the self-shape retaining layer 3 is deformed so that the concave portion necessary for receiving a specific part of the human body is formed on a part of the mat surface. A recess, a groove or the like can be formed as a place.

The mat needs to be large enough to accept the subject or patient's body in order to suppress the whole body movement of the subject or patient and maintain a constant posture. In order to hold the head, a mat having an area large enough to receive the head and neck may be used.

(2-3) Coating Agent The coating agent a used for imparting tackiness to the granular material desirably has the following properties.
(A) Consistency: The consistency of the coating agent is preferably a grease composition having a miscibility of 85 to 475 as defined in JIS 2220. If the penetration is less than 85, the grease composition will be too hard and the fluidity of the grease composition will be poor. If the penetration is more than 475, it will be too soft and it will be difficult to maintain a certain shape. By setting the blending degree of the grease composition to a value in the range of 85 to 475, it gives moderate thixotropy to the lamination of the granular material P, and does not flow independently in an unloaded state, and some force is applied. By exhibiting the property of flowing according to the above, it can be deformed according to the magnitude and direction of the external force, and the deformed shape can be held after the external force (load) is released.
(B) It must be chemically stable without toxicity. It is necessary not to deteriorate the airtight bag of the granular material and the mat.
(C) It is difficult to volatilize and there is little change in physical properties (especially viscosity) over time.
(D) Excellent heat resistance and radiation resistance. It is important to have radiation resistance in preparation for use in a radiation environment such as CT imaging.

Silicone grease is a coating agent a that relatively satisfies the above conditions (a) to (d). Silicone grease is easy to obtain and has advantages in terms of cost. In the following examples, silicone grease was used for the coating agent a.
However, if the granular material P to be used has an adhesive property that allows its shape to be maintained on its surface, it can be used as it is in the self-shape holding layer without using a coating agent. As the granular material having adhesiveness on the surface, for example, a solid adhesive gel made of various polymer materials as a raw material such as urethane is processed or molded into a fine granular material such as a sphere or a chip, or a weakly adhesive surface. A rubber ball (synthetic rubber, various kinds of natural rubber) having a low hardness and the like can be considered.

Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, for example, a specific posture of a subject who undergoes MRI image diagnosis, an example in which a certain posture is held by supporting the head and neck on a mat will be described.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the posture holding mat 1 shown in FIG. An airtight bag 2 which is a cover in the mat 1 is filled with a self-shaped holding layer 3 formed by laminating granular materials P having adhesiveness on the surface as an interior material of the mat with a substantially constant thickness.

When the subject lies down in an upward posture, the subject's head is in a posture where it is easy to be supported by the neck extending from the shoulder in the upward direction. Image diagnosis is performed by fixing the subject M on the surface of the mat so that the subject M does not move and maintaining the posture, but prior to accepting a specific part of the subject on the surface of the mat, as shown in FIG. A recess for receiving the neck N and the head H, which are specific parts of the subject M, is formed on the surface. The recess can be formed by deforming a specific portion of the self-shape retaining layer 3 from above the airtight bag 2 while pressing the finger 7.

In FIG. 5, first, as a recess for receiving a neck N which is a specific part of the human body, a neck receiving portion comprising an inclined surface and a rising portion on both sides thereof, which are listed at a smooth angle from the edge of the mat 2. Groove 5 is formed. Next, as a recess for receiving the head H, a certain range from the end of the neck receiving groove 5 to a curved concave surface is deformed, and the shape of the head H which is a specific part of the human body is imitated on the upper surface of the mat. A hollow 6 having a different shape is formed. The shapes of the neck receiving groove 5 and the head receiving recess 6 do not necessarily accurately represent the shapes of the neck N and the head H of the subject M, but approximate the shapes of the head and neck. If it is what.

In any case, since the neck receiving groove 5 and the head receiving recess 6 are formed by the self-shaped holding layer 3 that can be plastically deformed at room temperature, the depth of the groove 5 and the recess 6 is increased. The shape is hardly deformed, and the shape is maintained as it is by applying an external force.

In FIG. 6, the subject M lies on his / her back on the bed B, and the body position holding mat 1 in which the neck receiving groove 5 and the head receiving recess 6 are formed is placed at the pillow position, and the neck N of the subject M is placed. Receiving in the neck receiving groove 5, receiving the head H in the head receiving recess 6 and supporting the back head on the mat surface of the head receiving recess 6, the neck receiving groove 5 and the head receiving recess The shape of 6 is aligned with the shape of the subject's head and neck as much as possible, and then the air-tight bag 2 is deaerated by inserting an air pump (not shown) into the exhaust valve 4 for deaeration.

When the inside of the airtight bag 2 is depressurized, the packing density of the granular material P in the airtight bag 2 increases, and the self-shape holding layer 3 becomes the shape of the head H of the subject M due to the volume reduction of the airtight bag 2. The head H of the subject M is transformed within the range of the rising height of the recess 6 as well as the back of the head, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). A part is received and fixed in the recess 6.

Similarly, the neck N of the subject M is similarly received and fixed within the rising height of the neck receiving groove 5 from the rear neck to the side neck as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (c).
By fixing the head H and neck N of the subject M, the body movement of the subject M is suppressed, and during the time of image diagnosis such as CT, MRI, PET, etc. of the head H with the mat pressed on the bed In addition, the posture of the subject including the head H and the neck N can be stably maintained.

The above operation is not limited to the stable maintenance of the human body position in the case of diagnostic imaging such as CT, MRI, and PET, but the procedure for fixing the head of the human body to the bed is the same when performing radiation therapy or other surgical treatments. is there. Of course, it is not limited to fixing the human head. It can be stably fixed and held on the bed in a posture where the limbs and other parts are bent at a constant angle. It can also be applied to whole body fixation.

According to the present invention, the self-shape-holding layer 3 filled in the airtight bag 2 of the body-position-holding mat 1 is deformed in advance in the shape of a specific part of the human body to form a recess in the mat surface, When the specific part of the human body is received in the recess and the inside of the bag is deaerated, the self-shape holding layer 3 is pressed by the airtight bag and is contracted while imitating the shape of the specific part of the human body received in the recess. Due to the deformation, the body posture holding mat 1 can be stably held in a fixed posture by being in close contact with the human body in a state of being stably fixed on the bed.

The present invention needs to suppress the body movements of subjects and patients and maintain a certain posture in medical practice such as diagnostics and treatment including CT, MRI, PET and other image diagnosis, radiotherapy and other various surgical operations. Widely applicable to cases.

1 position holding mat, 2 airtight bag, 3 self-shape holding layer, 4 exhaust valve, 5 neck receiving groove, 6 head receiving recess, 7 fingers, P granule, M subject, H head, N neck Part, B bed, a coating agent

Claims (5)

A medical posture holding mat comprising an airtight bag and a self-shape holding layer,
An airtight bag is a mat cover that supports the body posture, has a gas barrier property, and is equipped with an exhaust valve for deaeration.
The self-shape-holding layer is a layer that is formed by laminating granular materials having adhesiveness on the surface, is plastically deformable at room temperature, is deformed by applying external force, and retains its deformed shape, and is an interior of a mat. A medical position holding mat which is housed in an airtight bag as a material. The self-shape holding layer is a layer that forms a recess having a shape necessary for receiving a portion to be fixed to the upper surface of the mat prior to receiving a specific portion of the human body,
2. The medical position holding mat according to claim 1, wherein the recess is formed by pressing and deforming a portion of the self-shaped holding layer from above the airtight bag. The self-shape-holding layer is a laminate of granules that form a fixed shape when no load is applied, and the adhesiveness of the surface of the granules that form the self-shape-holding layer is between the granules when an external force is applied. The granular material is caused to slip by an acting shearing force, and the self-shape holding layer is deformed according to the magnitude and direction of the external force and the deformed shape is maintained. Medical posture retention mat. Adhesion of the surface of the granular material forming the self-shape-holding layer is imparted by adhering to the surface of the granular material as a coating agent or admixing with a layer of the granular material as a coating agent. The medical position holding mat according to claim 1, wherein 5. The medical posture-holding mat according to claim 4, wherein the consistency of the coating agent is a grease composition having a penetration of 85 or more and 475 or less as defined in JIS2220.

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