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WO2017061041A1 - Système optique de projection et dispositif d'affichage tête haute - Google Patents

Système optique de projection et dispositif d'affichage tête haute Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017061041A1
WO2017061041A1 PCT/JP2015/078794 JP2015078794W WO2017061041A1 WO 2017061041 A1 WO2017061041 A1 WO 2017061041A1 JP 2015078794 W JP2015078794 W JP 2015078794W WO 2017061041 A1 WO2017061041 A1 WO 2017061041A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
virtual image
optical system
filter
plane
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2015/078794
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
谷津　雅彦
平田　浩二
一臣 金子
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maxell Ltd
Hitachi Industry and Control Solutions Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Industry and Control Solutions Co Ltd
Hitachi Maxell Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to PCT/JP2015/078794 priority Critical patent/WO2017061041A1/fr
Publication of WO2017061041A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017061041A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/213—Virtual instruments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projection optical system and a head-up display device using the same, and particularly to a projection optical system that projects an image on a windshield and observes the image as a virtual image through the windshield because it is an automobile or an aircraft.
  • the present invention relates to a head-up display device using the above.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses “a transmissive liquid crystal display panel, a backlight that irradiates light from behind to the liquid crystal display panel, and projection optics that enlarges and projects an image displayed on the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the projection optical system includes a relay lens and a projection lens (an eyepiece optical system), which is configured to efficiently use telecentric display light by satisfying several conditions.
  • the image displayed on the liquid crystal display panel is enlarged to form a real image, and the projection lens further enlarges the real image and projects it onto the windshield of the automobile to display a virtual image to the driver (summary). (Excerpt) ”is disclosed.
  • the values of various instruments such as a speedometer, a tachometer, a water temperature gauge, and a fuel gauge are displayed as virtual images 2 meters ahead of the driver.
  • the difference between the line-of-sight direction in which the values of various instruments are viewed as virtual images and the foreground line-of-sight direction viewed by the driver is reduced, so that the time required for line-of-sight movement between the two line-of-sight directions can be reduced.
  • the distance to the virtual image (2m ahead) is closer to the foreground that the driver is looking at than the distance to see various instruments directly. It is also possible to reduce the time required for focusing the eye between the state in which the subject is in focus and the state in which the virtual image is in focus.
  • the driver's foreground is not a two-dimensional plane but a three-dimensional space, displaying information on objects with different distances from the driver's eyes on the same virtual image plane There is a problem that the line-of-sight distance differs from the displayed information, and it still takes time to focus the eyes.
  • Patent Document 2 states that “the first screen and the second screen are arranged at different positions on the optical path, thereby forming respective virtual images at different distances from the driver, and arranging the variable focus lens.
  • the image light is focused on the first screen or the second screen, and the variable focus lens can be a liquid lens for changing the focal length separately from the projection lens or the laser light and the curvature can be changed.
  • An arrangement that drives a concave mirror that is configured is disclosed.
  • JP 2009-229552 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-034919
  • the image light displayed on the liquid crystal display panel is mapped as a real image (Ir in FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1) by the relay optical system, and the eyepiece optical system (in FIG.
  • the virtual image (Iv in the figure) is observed through L1).
  • the image light (plane) on the liquid crystal display panel is mapped to the real image Ir (plane), and the real image Ir (plane) is mapped to the virtual image Iv (plane).
  • the driver's foreground is not a two-dimensional plane but a three-dimensional space. Then, the line-of-sight direction from the driver who got on the car (own vehicle) and the distance to the driver will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the range of the field of view as the foreground seen by the driver of the vehicle 101 is close to the foreground vehicle 102 running ahead, the road surface 105 in front of it (for example, whether there is no fallen object on the road surface), or the edge of the road.
  • the line-of-sight direction 103 for viewing the preceding vehicle 102 running forward is a direction in which the line of sight is slightly lowered from the direction in front of the vehicle, but the line-of-sight direction 104 for viewing the road surface 105 on the road is further in the direction in which the line of sight is lowered. Become. Thus, it can be seen that the object to which the driver should pay attention during driving differs in distance to the object depending on the line-of-sight direction.
  • the distance to the object being watched while driving and the distance to the virtual image displayed at that time are made closer to focus the eyes. It is important to reduce time.
  • a virtual image is formed at different distances from the driver, but the screen is selected according to the display content and variable according to the selected screen. It is indispensable to perform focusing with a focusing lens at high speed. Furthermore, as a variable focus lens, “a liquid lens that changes the liquid interface of the liquid sealed in the container” or “with a concave mirror that can change the curvature” is used, and the large-sized head-up display device. And cost increases. Furthermore, since the head-up display device is used in an automobile, vibration during driving is transmitted to the head-up display device.
  • a movable part such as a variable focus lens, there is a concern that vibration during operation affects the movable part and the focus is not sufficiently achieved.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a projection optical system and a head-up display capable of simultaneously displaying virtual images at different viewpoint distances while reducing the influence of vibration during driving of an automobile. To do.
  • a projection optical system includes a projection optical system including an eyepiece optical system that displays a virtual image by reflecting light emitted from an image forming unit that emits light including image information.
  • the eyepiece optical system includes at least a spherical lens, a free-form surface lens, and a free-form surface mirror, and in the space on the eyepiece optical system side of a surface conjugate with a virtual image plane with respect to the eyepiece optical system, Realizing the first focal position movement, the first filter on which the separated light of the light emitted from the image forming unit is incident, and the second focal position movement shorter than the first focal position movement,
  • the second filter on which the separated light of the light emitted from the image forming unit is incident is arranged side by side along the conjugate plane.
  • the head-up display device includes an image forming unit that emits light including image information, and the projection optical system.
  • the principal part enlarged view of the eyepiece optical system of 1st Embodiment The perspective enlarged view of the lens part of the eyepiece optical system concerning a 1st embodiment.
  • the enlarged view of the separation optical path concerning a 1st embodiment The figure which shows the lens data of the eyepiece optical system which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
  • the figure of the free-form surface coefficient of the eyepiece optical system concerning a 1st embodiment The figure showing the distortion performance for every separation optical path concerning a 1st embodiment
  • Spot diagram of the eyepiece optical system of the first embodiment It is a whole ray figure of the eyepiece optical system of a 2nd embodiment, (a) expresses a mode that image information on a virtual image plane is seen with a driver's eye in YZ plane, and (b) shows a virtual image plane in XZ plane. This shows how the video information is viewed with the driver's eyes.
  • the principal part enlarged view of the eyepiece optical system of 2nd Embodiment The perspective enlarged view of the lens part of the eyepiece optical system concerning a 2nd embodiment.
  • the enlarged view of the separation optical path concerning a 2nd embodiment The figure which shows the lens data of the eyepiece optical system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
  • the figure of the free-form surface coefficient of the eyepiece optical system concerning a 2nd embodiment The figure showing the distortion performance for every separation optical path concerning a 2nd embodiment
  • Spot diagram of eyepiece optical system of second embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of head-up display device Diagram explaining the difference between the driver's visual field direction and the distance Diagram explaining mapping relationship between object distance and image distance Diagram explaining mapping relationship in real image optical system and action of step filter Diagram explaining the mapping relationship in the virtual image optical system and the action of the step filter
  • Schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display device using a micro-electro-mechanical system Schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display device in a liquid crystal display panel system that does not use a relay optical system
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display device.
  • the head-up display device 30 shown in FIG. 19 reflects the image light emitted from the projection optical system 20 including the image forming unit 10 and the eyepiece optical system 5 by a windshield 6 of an automobile (not shown), thereby A configuration for entering the eye 8 is provided.
  • the light beam emitted from the backlight 1 to the liquid crystal display panel 2 is incident on the relay optical system 3 as an image light beam including video information displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 2.
  • the image information on the liquid crystal display panel 2 is enlarged and projected on the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 by the imaging action in the relay optical system 3.
  • Points P1, P2, and P3 on the liquid crystal display panel 2 correspond to points Q1, Q2, and Q3 of the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4, respectively.
  • a liquid crystal display panel having a small display size can be used.
  • the backlight 1, the liquid crystal display panel 2, the relay optical system 3, and the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 form image information (video information) on the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4.
  • Forming unit 10 is referred to.
  • the image information on the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 is projected onto the windshield 6 by the eyepiece optical system 5, and the light beam reflected by the windshield 6 reaches the position of the driver's eye 8. From the viewpoint of the driver's eyes, the relationship as if viewing the image information on the virtual image plane 7 is established.
  • Points Q1, Q2, and Q3 on the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 correspond to points V1, V2, and V3 on the virtual image plane 7, respectively.
  • the range in which the points V1, V2, and V3 on the virtual image plane 7 can be seen even when the position of the eye 8 is moved is the eye box 9.
  • the eyepiece optical system is an optical system that displays an image (virtual image) of an object (aerial image) in front of the driver's eyes, like an eyepiece lens of a camera finder or an eyepiece lens of a microscope. .
  • the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 is constituted by a microlens array in which microlenses are arranged two-dimensionally. As a result, a diffusing action occurs, the spread angle of the light beam emitted from the screen plate 4 is increased, and the size of the eye box 9 is set to a predetermined size.
  • the diffusing action of the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 can also be realized by incorporating diffusing particles.
  • the driver since the driver also confirms information such as speedometer and fuel gauge, equipped with a head-up display device, by displaying information of various instruments as a virtual image in front of the driver by this head-up display device, The movement of the driver's line of sight when checking the instrument is reduced, and the time required for focusing the eyes can be shortened, thereby improving driving safety.
  • the distance from the driver is different between the foreground vehicle in the foreground, the road surface in front of it, and the bicycle / pedestrian at the end of the road in front, the distance of the virtual image that displays information related to them By changing, the time required for focusing the eyes can be further reduced, and the driving safety can be improved.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the mapping relationship (in the real image optical system) depending on the object distance and the image distance. As the distance L from the imaging lens 201 to the object surface 202 decreases by ⁇ L, the distance a to the image surface 203 increases by ⁇ .
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the mapping relationship in the real image optical system and the action of the filter, and shows the amount of movement ⁇ of the focal position when the focal length is 440 mm and the object distance L is 100 to 10 m. In the real image optical system, the focal position on the near side is farther away than the focal position on the far side.
  • the filter 251 having a thickness d and a refractive index N is arranged between the imaging lens 201 and the real image surface 203, the difference between the physical length d of the filter 251 and the optical length d / N is d (1-1 / N ), The position of the real image plane 203 can be separated. This amount is the focal position movement amount.
  • the real image surface position on the short distance side is farther than the real image surface position on the long distance side, on the optical path on the long distance side, between the imaging lens 201 and the real image surface 203, By disposing the filter 251, the physical real image plane position on the short distance side and the physical real image plane position on the long distance side can be arranged on the same plane.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining the mapping relationship in the virtual image optical system and the action of the filter, and shows the amount of movement ⁇ of the object position when the focal length is 440 mm and the virtual image distance L is 100 to 10 m. .
  • the object position on the far side is farther away than the object position on the near side.
  • the difference between the physical length d of the filter 351 and the optical length d / N is d (1-1 / N). Therefore, the position of the object surface 302 can be separated. This amount is the focal position movement amount.
  • the object surface position on the far distance side is farther than the object surface position on the near distance side, and therefore, between the eyepiece lens 301 and the object surface 302 on the optical path on the near distance side,
  • the filter 351 By disposing the filter 351, the physical object surface position on the short distance side and the physical object surface position on the far distance side can be disposed on the same plane.
  • a free-form surface lens and a free-form surface mirror having a rotationally asymmetric shape that can realize an optical system in which each object surface position is on the same plane with respect to a plurality of virtual image planes having different visual field ranges and virtual image distances.
  • a first embodiment of the projection optical system used will be described.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall ray diagram of the eyepiece optical system 5 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1A shows how the video information on the virtual image plane 7 is viewed with the driver's eyes on the YZ plane
  • FIG. It shows a state in which the video information of the virtual image plane 7 is viewed with the eyes of the driver on a plane.
  • the right eye and the left eye overlap on the YZ plane (see reference numeral 8), and the right eye and the left eye appear separately on the XZ plane.
  • the driver corresponds to a virtual image observer positioned on the side where light enters the virtual image plane.
  • the virtual image plane 7 is composed of three virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73 whose virtual image distance changes in the line-of-sight direction with respect to the line-of-sight direction in front of the driver.
  • a virtual image plane 71 having a virtual image distance of 10 m in the range of the visual line direction of 1.8 to 2.2 degrees and a virtual image having a virtual image distance of 14 m in the range of the visual line direction of 1.1 to 1.5 degrees with respect to the front visual line direction.
  • the image light on the screen plate (diffusion plate 4) in which the surface 72 and the virtual image surface 73 with a virtual image distance of 20 m in the range of the line-of-sight direction of 0.4 to 0.8 degrees are arranged on the same plane is transmitted by the eyepiece optical system 5. Achieved by looking.
  • the details of the visual field range will be supplemented in the description of the distortion performance in FIGS.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the eyepiece optical system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the lens unit of the head-up display device according to the first embodiment.
  • the eyepiece optical system 5 includes a step filter 51, a convex lens 52 having a positive refractive power, a concave lens 53 having a negative refractive power, and a rotation in order from the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 side.
  • the asymmetric free-form lens 54, the reflection mirror 55, the rotationally asymmetric free-form mirror 56, and the windshield 6 are arranged side by side.
  • the reflection mirror 55 is a cylinder mirror.
  • the free-form surface lens 54 has a rotationally asymmetric shape and has a trapezoidal distortion correcting action.
  • the convex lens 52 and the concave lens 53 have a large amount of eccentricity (no eccentricity on the front and rear surfaces).
  • the step filter 51 includes three layers having different thicknesses along the light emission direction. In these three layers, the thickness of the step filter 51 is reduced in the order of the optical path F1 having a short virtual image distance, the optical path F2 having an intermediate virtual image distance, and the optical path F3 having a long virtual image distance.
  • the thickness of the step filter 51 in the optical path F3 is 0 mm.
  • the step filter 51 is formed in three layers, but the number of layers is not limited to three and may be a plurality of layers.
  • changing the thickness of each layer is a method for changing the focal position movement amount of each layer.
  • each layer is formed of a material having the same refractive index (for example, a homogeneous material)
  • the thickness is changed.
  • different focal position movements may be realized by configuring each layer using a material having a different refractive index in addition to changing the thickness of each layer.
  • the thicknesses of the layers may be the same using different materials.
  • each layer may be configured separately or may be configured integrally.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the separation optical path according to the first embodiment. Since the lens data is arranged by the reduction optical system, the light beams emitted from the virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73 having different visual field directions and virtual image distances pass through a common optical path from the eye box to the convex lens 52, and then the screen plate ( The light beam is separated before the diffuser plate 4.
  • a step filter 51 is disposed at a location where the light beams are separated. In the step filter 51, it can be seen that the light fluxes of the optical paths F1, F2, and F3 are separated.
  • video information is displayed on the entire display area on televisions and projectors, but the head-up display device is used to display only necessary video information at necessary locations.
  • the head-up display device is used to display only necessary video information at necessary locations.
  • the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 corresponding to each of the optical paths F1, F2, and F3 corresponding to the respective visual field ranges that is, has a mapping relationship with the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4.
  • video information is not displayed in a portion corresponding to the optical paths F1, F2, and F3. If video information is also displayed between the optical paths F1 and F2 corresponding to the respective visual field ranges, the video light emitted from the locations corresponding to the optical paths F1 and F2 is both a filter of the optical path F1 and a filter of the optical path F2. , Stray light such as a double image is generated on the virtual image plane.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing lens data of the head-up display device according to the first embodiment.
  • the radius of curvature represents a positive sign when the center position of the radius of curvature is in the traveling direction
  • the inter-surface distance is the optical axis from the vertex position of each surface to the vertex position of the next surface. It represents the distance above.
  • the step filter thickness is 29.388 mm at a virtual image distance of 10 m
  • the step filter thickness is 13.140 mm at a virtual image distance of 14 m
  • the step filter thickness is 0 mm at a virtual image distance of 20 m.
  • Eccentricity is a value in the Y-axis direction
  • tilting is rotation about the X axis in the YZ plane
  • eccentricity / falling acts in the order of eccentricity and tilting on the corresponding surface.
  • the next surface is placed at the position of the inter-surface distance on the new coordinate system on which. The decentration and return eccentricity and collapse will only affect one side and not the next.
  • the glass material name PMMA is plastic acrylic, and the glass material name 58.3 represents a material with a refractive index of 1.58 and an Abbe number of 30.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of free-form surface coefficients of the head-up display device according to the first embodiment.
  • the free-form surface coefficient in FIG. 6 is obtained by the following equation (1).
  • the anamorphic aspheric coefficient of the head-up display device is obtained by the following equation (2).
  • values such as the eyebox size and viewing angle of the eyepiece optical system of the first embodiment are shown in the order of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
  • Eye box size 100 ⁇ 50mm Effective size of image light on screen plate 40.28 ⁇ 18.80mm Viewing angle (full angle of view) 5.4 x 1.8 degrees Separation optical path (vertical viewing direction, virtual image size, virtual image distance) F1 1.8-2.2 degrees, 943 ⁇ 70mm, 10m F2 1.1 ⁇ 1.5 degrees, 1320 ⁇ 98mm, 14m F3 0.4-0.8 degrees, 1886 ⁇ 140mm, 20m
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams illustrating the distortion performance of the head-up display device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a spot diagram of the head-up display device of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing distortion performance for each separation optical path according to the first embodiment on the virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73. It can be seen that a rectangular virtual image is realized on each virtual image plane.
  • FIG. 9 shows a spot diagram in which object points are arranged on the virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73 and the spot diagram on the screen plate 4 is calculated, and good optical performance is realized.
  • the size of the eye box 9 is a spot diagram with a total luminous flux of horizontal 100 mm ⁇ vertical 50 mm.
  • the spot diagram is significantly better than FIG.
  • the light beam emitted from the image forming unit 10 is separated and enters each layer of the filter thickness of the step filter 51 (thickness along the light emission direction).
  • the focal position movement amount of each layer is different, the distance to the virtual image surface formed by the light emitted from each layer and the driver can be changed.
  • the virtual image plane is formed by the light emitted from each layer at different positions in the driver's visual field range, the virtual image plane can be divided within the visual field range.
  • each layer of the step filter is statically arranged in the eyepiece optical system, the virtual image distance can be changed without using a movable element for moving the focal position. Therefore, even when a head-up display device is mounted on a car, multiple virtual image planes with different virtual image distances due to the vibration of the car affecting the movement of the movable element (in other words, one virtual image plane is divided in the field of view). There is no concern that a problem occurs when forming each divided virtual image plane.
  • the light emitted from the image forming unit is simultaneously transmitted through each layer of the step filter, and simultaneously forms virtual images in different viewing directions at different virtual image distances.
  • the head-up display apparatus which can display simultaneously the virtual image from which a virtual image distance differs can be provided.
  • warning information regarding the preceding vehicle is displayed in the virtual image range corresponding to the position of the preceding vehicle, and the fallen object is displayed in the virtual image range corresponding to the position of the road surface of the road in front. It is possible to display the presence. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to simultaneously display images on a plurality of virtual image planes positioned at different virtual image distances and in different viewing directions.
  • information related to the speed of the vehicle which is not related to the alert object in the foreground, is displayed in a virtual image range corresponding to the position of the preceding vehicle, which is the viewing direction in the normal driving state. It is desirable.
  • FIG. 10 is an overall ray diagram of the eyepiece optical system 5 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A shows how the video information on the virtual image plane 7 is viewed with the eyes of the driver on the YZ plane, and FIG.
  • the virtual image plane 7 is composed of three virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73 whose virtual image distance changes in the line-of-sight direction with respect to the line-of-sight direction in front of the driver.
  • a virtual image plane 71 having a visual line direction of 1.8 to 2.2 degrees and a virtual image distance of 18 m
  • a virtual image plane 72 having a visual line direction of 1.1 to 1.5 degrees and a virtual image distance of 30 m with respect to the frontal visual line direction
  • a virtual image plane 73 with a line-of-sight direction of 0.4 to 0.8 degrees and a virtual image distance of 100 m is achieved by viewing the image light on the screen plate (diffusion plate 4) arranged on the same plane with the eyepiece optical system 5.
  • the details of the visual field range will be supplemented in the description of the distortion performance in FIGS.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part of the eyepiece optical system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the lens unit of the head-up display device according to the second embodiment.
  • the eyepiece optical system 5 includes, in order from the screen plate (diffusion plate) 4 side, a step filter 51, a convex lens 52 having a positive refractive power, a concave lens 53 having a negative refractive power, and a rotating lens.
  • the asymmetric free-form lens 54, the reflection mirror 55, the rotationally asymmetric free-form mirror 56, and the windshield 6 are arranged side by side.
  • the reflection mirror 55 is a cylinder mirror.
  • the free-form surface lens 54 has a rotationally asymmetric shape and has a trapezoidal distortion correcting action.
  • the convex lens 52 and the concave lens 53 have a large amount of eccentricity (no eccentricity on the front and rear surfaces).
  • the thickness of the step filter 51 was reduced in the order of the optical path F1 having a short virtual image distance, the optical path F2 having an intermediate virtual image distance, and the optical path F3 having a long virtual image distance. In FIG. 12, there is a common screen plate (diffusion plate) 4, but the thickness of the step filter 51 in the optical path F3 is 0 mm.
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the separation optical path according to the second embodiment. Since the lens data is arranged by the reduction optical system, the light beams emitted from the virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73 having different visual field directions and virtual image distances pass through a common optical path from the eye box to the convex lens 52, and then the screen plate ( A step filter 51 is arranged at a position where the light beam is separated before the diffuser plate 4. In the step filter 51, it can be seen that the light fluxes of the optical paths F1, F2, and F3 are separated.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing lens data of the head-up display device according to the second embodiment.
  • the radius of curvature represents a case where the center position of the radius of curvature is in the traveling direction, and the inter-surface distance is the optical axis from the vertex position of each surface to the vertex position of the next surface. It represents the distance above.
  • the step filter thickness is 27.439 mm at a virtual image distance of 18 m, the step filter thickness is 14.556 mm at a virtual image distance of 30 m, and the step filter thickness is 0 mm at a virtual image distance of 100 m.
  • Eccentricity is a value in the Y-axis direction
  • tilting is rotation about the X axis in the YZ plane
  • eccentricity / falling acts in the order of eccentricity and tilting on the corresponding surface.
  • the next surface is placed at the position of the inter-surface distance on the new coordinate system on which. The decentration and return eccentricity and collapse will only affect one side and not the next.
  • the glass material name PMMA is plastic acrylic, and the glass material name 58.3 represents a material with a refractive index of 1.58 and an Abbe number of 30.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram of free-form surface coefficients of the head-up display device according to the second embodiment.
  • the free-form surface coefficient in FIG. 15 is obtained by the above-described equation (1).
  • Free-form surface coefficient C j is a rotationally asymmetric shape with respect to each of the optical axis (Z axis), a shape defined by the component sections of the component and the XY polynomial conical section.
  • Z axis optical axis
  • Y third order
  • the position of each optical axis of the free-form surface is determined by the amount of decentering / falling in the lens data of FIG.
  • the anamorphic aspheric coefficient of the head-up display device is obtained by the above-described equation (2).
  • values such as the eyebox size and viewing angle of the eyepiece optical system of the second embodiment are shown in the order of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
  • Eye box size 100 ⁇ 50mm Effective size of image light on screen plate 40.70 ⁇ 18.80mm Viewing angle (full angle of view) 5.4 x 1.8 degrees Separation optical path (vertical viewing direction, virtual image size, virtual image distance) F1 1.8-2.2 degrees, 1698 ⁇ 126mm, 18m F2 1.1 ⁇ 1.5 degrees, 2830 ⁇ 210mm, 30m F3 0.4-0.8 degrees, 9432 ⁇ 698mm, 100m
  • FIGS. 16 and 17 are diagrams illustrating the distortion performance of the head-up display device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a spot diagram of the head-up display device of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the distortion performance for each separation optical path according to the second embodiment on the virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73, and it can be seen that a rectangular virtual image is realized on each virtual image plane.
  • the horizontal viewing angle (total field angle) of the field of view F3 is 2 ⁇ tan (9432/2 / 100,000).
  • FIG. 18 shows a spot diagram in which object points are arranged on the virtual image planes 71, 72, and 73 and the spot diagram on the screen plate 4 is calculated, and a good optical performance is realized.
  • the size of the eye box 9 is a spot diagram with a total luminous flux of horizontal 100 mm ⁇ vertical 50 mm.
  • the size of the iris of the human eye is significantly better than that of FIG.
  • a head-up display device that can simultaneously display virtual images in different visual field directions at different virtual image distances by a projection optical system using a free-form surface lens and a free-form surface mirror.
  • warning information about the preceding vehicle is displayed in the virtual image range corresponding to the position of the preceding vehicle, and the presence of a fallen object is displayed in the virtual image range corresponding to the position of the road surface in front of the vehicle.
  • information related to the speed of the vehicle which is not related to the alert object in the foreground, is displayed in a virtual image range corresponding to the position of the preceding vehicle, which is the viewing direction in the normal driving state. It is desirable.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display device using a micro electro mechanical system.
  • an image forming unit 10a includes a laser light source 121 and an optical scanning unit 122 that optically scans the laser light source 121. And an image forming unit 10a using a micro electro mechanical system including a mirror 122a and an optical scanning unit 122 including a mirror driving unit 122b for changing an angle of the mirror 122a with respect to the laser light source 121 and a screen plate 123 having a diffusion function. Also good.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display device in a liquid crystal display panel system that does not use a relay optical system.
  • the image light of the liquid crystal display panel 2 is mapped by the relay optical system 3.
  • the image forming unit 10b according to the fourth embodiment as shown in FIG.
  • the light 1 is directly applied to the liquid crystal display panel 2 larger than that of the first embodiment, and is displayed as a virtual image 7 by the eyepiece optical system 5 as video light including video information displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 2. is there.
  • a diffusion plate is disposed in the vicinity of the liquid crystal display panel 2.
  • the optical path is made Z together with the free-form surface mirror by bending the optical path with a mirror disposed between the free-form surface lens and the free-form surface mirror.
  • the head-up display device can be miniaturized by folding it in the shape of a letter, but without placing a mirror between the free-form surface lens and the free-form surface mirror, In the configuration arranged in the vicinity, this mirror can be omitted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage tête haute, apte à afficher simultanément des images virtuelles dans des directions de visualisation différentes et à des distances d'image virtuelle différentes. Le dispositif d'affichage tête haute (30) selon l'invention comprend : une unité de formation d'image (10) qui émet de la lumière contenant des informations d'image ; et un système optique de projection contenant un système optique d'oculaire (5) qui affiche une image virtuelle en réfléchissant la lumière émise par l'unité de formation d'image (10). Le système optique d'oculaire (5) comprend au moins des lentilles sphériques (52, 53), une lentille à surface de forme libre (54) et un miroir à surface de forme libre (56) et il est conçu par la disposition, dans un espace côté système optique d'oculaire dans un plan conjugué avec le plan d'image virtuelle du système optique d'oculaire (5) et côte à côte le long du plan conjugué, d'un premier filtre (F1 de 51) qui réalise un premier mouvement de position de point focal et sur lequel est incidente la lumière séparée de l'unité de formation d'image (10) et d'un second filtre (F2 de 51) qui réalise un second mouvement de position de point focal plus court que le premier mouvement de position de point focal et sur lequel est incidente la lumière séparée de l'unité de formation d'image (10).
PCT/JP2015/078794 2015-10-09 2015-10-09 Système optique de projection et dispositif d'affichage tête haute Ceased WO2017061041A1 (fr)

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JP2018205614A (ja) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-27 パイオニア株式会社 表示装置

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JP2013025205A (ja) * 2011-07-24 2013-02-04 Denso Corp ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置
JP2013214008A (ja) * 2012-04-04 2013-10-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 表示装置及びこれを備えたヘッドアップディスプレイシステム
JP2014126716A (ja) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-07 Japan Display Inc 表示装置
JP2015011212A (ja) * 2013-06-28 2015-01-19 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置
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JPS6123191A (ja) * 1984-07-12 1986-01-31 松下電器産業株式会社 表示装置
JP2009122582A (ja) * 2007-11-19 2009-06-04 Fujinon Corp 投影光学系及びヘッドアップディスプレイ装置
JP2011128500A (ja) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-30 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd レンズ光学系、画像表示装置およびヘッドアップディスプレイ
JP2013025205A (ja) * 2011-07-24 2013-02-04 Denso Corp ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置
JP2013214008A (ja) * 2012-04-04 2013-10-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 表示装置及びこれを備えたヘッドアップディスプレイシステム
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JP2018205614A (ja) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-27 パイオニア株式会社 表示装置
JP2024028705A (ja) * 2017-06-08 2024-03-05 パイオニア株式会社 表示装置
JP2025061233A (ja) * 2017-06-08 2025-04-10 パイオニア株式会社 表示装置

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