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WO2017052352A1 - Structure de câbles de suspension interconnectés pour monorail élevé - Google Patents

Structure de câbles de suspension interconnectés pour monorail élevé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017052352A1
WO2017052352A1 PCT/MX2015/000127 MX2015000127W WO2017052352A1 WO 2017052352 A1 WO2017052352 A1 WO 2017052352A1 MX 2015000127 W MX2015000127 W MX 2015000127W WO 2017052352 A1 WO2017052352 A1 WO 2017052352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cables
track
tracks
towers
segment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/MX2015/000127
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Luis Ricardo MERCADO MENDOZA
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/MX2015/000127 priority Critical patent/WO2017052352A1/fr
Publication of WO2017052352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017052352A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B25/00—Tracks for special kinds of railways
    • E01B25/22—Tracks for railways with the vehicle suspended from rigid supporting rails
    • E01B25/24—Supporting rails; Auxiliary balancing rails; Supports or connections for rails

Definitions

  • the present invention deals with the field of public transport and refers to a structure for elevated hanging monorails based on suspension bridges but in such a way that it occupies little urban space and does not disturb the city streets, in addition to that it can be extended for unlimited distances and has the possibility of turning corners and turns in the corners.
  • U.S. Patent Pat. No. 3,541,964 granted to J. Arney in November 1970 describes an elevated rail with predefined tension for high hanging trains but without solving the problem of horizontal oscillation or lateral disturbance, in addition to requiring extremely large and expensive towers or columns to support the tension.
  • the present invention solves the problem of oscillation by using cross-linked cables between segment and segment to form an "X" seen from above, and also does not need such large towers or columns because it is based on the suspension system for bridge cables so The tension is less.
  • US Pat. No. 4,451,950 issued to John R. Richardson in June 1984 describes a suspension bridge by cables whose two tracks hang apart although joined by multiple perpendicular and diagonal beams to prevent oscillation or lateral horizontal disturbance due to wind.
  • the present invention has a path with such a tiny profile that the oscillation and lateral disturbance are imperceptible and invaluable, in addition to having cross-linked cables between segments in the form of 'X' as the best method to prevent oscillations.
  • US Pat. No. 4,641,587 granted to Femand Dalliard on February 10, 1987 describes a motorized car, suspended by two tracks supported by a suspension cable structure or horizontal beams.
  • the present invention is superior and safer because it consists of two suspended cables, instead of just one, that are crossed in the form of 'X' to prevent oscillation or lateral disturbance, in addition said cross-linking allows multiple tracks and varied directions for trains , instead of being limited to only one sense.
  • U.S. Patent Pat. No. 6,606,954 issued to Ben Lamoreaux on August 19, 2003 details an elevated cable system.
  • Ben uses a system of cables supported by a main cable which supports the car and also integrates several methods to eliminate deformation by the weight of the car, Lamoreaux does not try to solve the problem of longer sections or how to prevent horizontal oscillation.
  • the present invention can be extended over great distances because it is based on the suspension structure by cable for bridges, not on the tower-to-segment cable system such as the Lamoreaux system.
  • Underground trains, buses and trams are the main means of transportation in large cities because they provide the transfer of thousands of citizens to their multiple destinations, in high-density cities underground trains are preferable because they do not disrupt traffic on the streets, but Unfortunately, the cost associated with this system is very high, instead other means of transport such as buses or trams have been adapted to the street level, but this system, although less expensive, interferes with vehicular traffic and presents a risk of collisions and accidents with other vehicles, especially in cities with large populations where traffic is already a problem.
  • the present invention proposes an elevated monorail system using a novel method to use suspension cables and anchors, this is done by constructing multiple redundant and identical segments to each other where each segment provides support to the attached segments, and where the anchors (required for any suspension cable structure) are part of the towers main, so that each pair of towers of each segment functions as an anchor for adjacent segments, saving valuable space and thus creating a series of connected and interdependent segments which can be extended for virtually unlimited distances.
  • the tracks on which the monorail is supported hang from the main suspension cables by means of secondary or hanging cables that descend from the main cables directly to the tracks.
  • the present invention could be the main means of transport for all major cities, as it represents an alternative that does not alter land roads, is fast to build and has a much lower cost to any underground system
  • the present invention has many favorable advantages, among them is that the visual impact of this system on urban streets is minimal, because unlike the elevated trains in existence, here the distance between the support towers or pylons is larger than using the common system of beams and columns, so that the present invention eliminates the negative effects on the streets such as the appropriation of several central lanes, as well as the obstruction of the sky and degradation of the real estate that occur whenever a highway is built elevated in an urban environment. With the present invention the area of the sky that is blocked is minimal, since it consists only of the main cables, secondary cables and the tracks on which the monorail hangs, which are extremely narrow and narrow.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that it can be built on any existing urban street without interrupting or disturbing vehicular or pedestrian traffic, since the only element present at street level is the pylons or towers, which are built in pairs and consist of one or two pairs per block or urban block, compared to half a dozen or more using the typical system of beams and columns, in addition, said towers or pylons would be located in the lane dedicated to the parking lot, to allow normal circulation in the sidewalks and the streets, these types of innovations are what make this invention ideal for high-density cities, where traffic disruption in the streets must be minimal.
  • the objective of the present invention is not to define the shape of the track or the wagons, nor the way to connect the tracks to the wagons, nor the propulsion system of these wagons, the only objective of this invention is the structure for to support the elevated monorail tracks, the track and wagons can take any form, but for illustrative purposes a track will be used whose profile is in the form of an inverted 'T', whose horizontal areas support a multitude of pairs of tires on each On the other hand, these routes run along the entire line of the monorail.
  • Figure 1 is a panoramic view of the entire structure which provides a view of the present invention as it would look if it were built in a typical city.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a single segment of the structure, in this figure the most important components are clearly visible, as well as the street, houses and vehicles are also evident.
  • Figure 3 is a profile view of a segment of the structure and describes its components in more detail, the vehicles are visible but the houses have been removed for a clearer view.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the towers or pylons as well as part of each segment, this view shows the suspension cables of the system as well as the tracks and wagons, and clearly shows the cable connections to the tracks and towers.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the towers from street level, as well as one of the partially visible wagons, the houses have been removed for a clearer view.
  • Figure 6 is also a perspective view of the towers from street level, this figure is from a point of view as if it were seen by a pedestrian, in this view the cable connections and the beams are clearly visible, The wagons have been removed for a clearer view.
  • Figure 7 is a Lateral Perspective of the structure, this figure clearly shows the car, the tracks and the street, but the houses and vehicles have been removed for a clearer view.
  • Figure 8 is a top perspective of the structure, in this figure the towers, anchors and cables are clearly visible, also one of the wagons is partially visible.
  • FIGURE 1 This is a landscape of a common city with the present invention built in one of the streets, this figure is only to illustrate the structure and therefore none of the components are indicated.
  • FIGURE 2 This view clearly shows a segment of the structure seen in profile. Similar to a bridge structure known as a "suspension bridge", the present invention consists of two Pylons or Towers 5 per segment, which hold and hold the main cables 1 1, which are very important for this invention because they support all the weight of the wagons 15. However, in the present invention the necessary anchors 7 in the system have been placed adjacent or adjacent to the pylons or towers 5, maintaining the angle of the cable 1 1 on each side of the pylons 5 thanks to a triangular support structure 6 located in the upper area of the pylon 5.
  • the main cables 1 1 support the tracks 12 by means of vertical secondary cables 16 that run from certain multiple positions 8 in the main cables 1 1 to the track 12, said horizontal secondary cables are called "braces" 16.
  • the main cables 1 1 run from segment by segment and begin at an anchor 7, from there to the triangular support structure 6 and then to the pinnacle or highest point of the tower 5 where they cross to the other side and from there they cross with another opposite main cable 11 at a crossroads! iento (in the form of an 'X' seen from above) or fork 13 and from there follow the entire segment to the opposite tower 5, and back, to another triangular support structure 6 and from there to its respective anchor 7,
  • iento in the form of an 'X' seen from above
  • fork 13 from there follow the entire segment to the opposite tower 5, and back, to another triangular support structure 6 and from there to its respective anchor 7,
  • Each segment like the one described here is copied or imitated identically throughout the entire system.
  • Each segment has two main cables 1 1, said main cables 11 intersect in the middle of the segment creating a form of 'X' seen from above, using a clamp or fastener 13, this prevents the displacement or lateral wiggling of the tracks due to wind, earthquakes or other factors, there is also a group of tertiary cables 17 that leave the top of tower 5 directly to track 12, similar to the bridge system known as "cable-stayed bridge", which makes the way more rigid to the weight and prevents deformation in the event that two monorails 15 stop at the same point. Said braces 17 are highly recommended although optional, the present invention can be constructed without them.
  • the function of the triangular support structure 6 is very important because it is located between the anchor 7 or base and the pinnacle of the tower, and its function is to create the same angle or inclination of the main cable 1 1 on both sides of the tower 5, which is essential to make the load equally distributed on both sides of the tower 5, making the load of the tower 5 perfectly vertically down towards the ground, if the main cable 1 1 has an angle or different load on either side of tower 5, then the load will not transfer perfectly downwards and this would cause tower 5 to lose balance and deform or tilt, causing structural failure of the system or collapsing. This is also similar to what would happen with the "suspension bridges" system.
  • FIGURE 3 This figure is a profile view of a segment, houses and buildings have been removed for a clearer view, present in this figure are the main cables 1 1, the pylons or towers S, the anchors 7 and track 12, as well as the secondary cables called “braces” 16 and the tertiary cables 17 as well as other components, the triangular support structure 6 is not clearly visible and will be illustrated in more detail in Figure S.
  • each segment has two main cables 11 which intersect 13 in the middle of the segment, each of the main cables 11 of each segment follows the same path, each originating and ending in an anchor 7 before going through the triangular support structure 6 and from there to the pinnacle of the pylon or tower 5 towards its fork 13 and continuing in opposite order.
  • FIGURE 4 This figure is a top view of the structure, in this the same elements as in the previous figures are observed as well as others not clearly visible previously, one of them, are the tertiary cables 17 that run from the upper part of the pylons or towers S to the tracks 12 to give horizontal stability and prevent deformations in the case of both trains 15 circulating in the same area at the same time, said braces 17 will act as if they were the support cables in a "bridge cable-stayed "and will prevent deformation of the tracks 12 under the weight of the wagons 15.
  • this beam 4 is very important because it prevents the towers from tilting or deforming towards the track towards themselves or towards the side opposite, outwards, to provide greater stability it is recommended to use two parallel beams instead of one, or for more reinforcement, a reticulated steel structure, or a framework or truss with triangular structures as connection, this would give the pylons or towers 5 additional reinforcement in the case of extremely heavy trains.
  • FIGURES 5 through 7 the pylons or towers 5 are observed from various points of view which clearly shows all the elements and components of the structure. especially the tertiary cables 17 that join the upper part of the pylons or towers 5 to the tracks 12 for greater reinforcement.
  • the combination of elements of 'suspension bridges' and 'cable-stayed bridges' gives the structure greater resistance to deformation due to the weight of the wagons or external elements (wind, earthquakes) in addition to providing redundancy, that is, components that duplicate the same task in case any of them is damaged or fails.
  • the crossbars 19 which have the function of linking the tracks in case there are two or more tracks, said crossbars 19 act similarly to sleepers on land rails and have the function of connecting the tracks 12 to the main cables 11 by means of the tie wires 16.
  • the tracks 12 do not connect directly with the tie wires 16, but the track 12 connects to the crossbar 19 and this to the tie wires 16, this is due that the tracks 12 are not directly below the main cables 1 1 but at different distances and different distances, and connecting them directly would create excessive tension, deformation and stress of said straps 16. That is why the stranded cables 16 are connected to the crossbars 19 and these to the tracks 12 in order to keep the hanging cables 16 in a perfectly vertical position.
  • FIGURE 8 This figure is an approach to the pylon or tower 5 as if viewed from above. The street and vehicles have been removed for a clearer view.
  • the upper area of the track 12 be reinforced by a reticulated frame structure or lattice structure (not illustrated here), joined vertically at the top of the track 12, this will provide more structural rigidity and prevent the tracks from deforming or altering their shape under the weight of the wagons 15 when they travel to their maximum capacity.
  • This is in supplement to the aforementioned brace cables 17 which are already present in the figures.
  • the anchors 7 are positioned on both sides of the pylons or towers S, this also has the function of protecting the pylons 5 in case of vehicular collision, since the anchors 7 will be constructed with large cement reinforced thickness with rods, this will give the tower 5 ample protection in case of out of control vehicles.
  • a common type of track will be used for hanging monorails, said track is in the form of an inverted T in which the wheels or wheels of the cars 15 circulate over the horizontal area of the areas of the inverted T of the track, such as some wagons in amusement parks.
  • the present invention establishes or defines only the support structure and configuration to support the track or tracks, and leaves the field open for different shapes, aspects and appearances not only for the tracks or the number of these, but for the design and number of wagons as well as the number of tires or wheels for each car, method of propulsion of the wagons and number of these, as well as the height of the tracks on the street.
  • the best way contemplated by the inventor to carry out the present invention is to construct the structure described above on any existing urban street, preferably straight streets without curves and with few deviations, flat or with few elevations and with few trees with branches that. they are not directly above the street, with or without tall buildings since these do not alter or affect the structure, in the urban context of a city the present invention will have two tracks, one for each direction of the trains, the street on the which will be constructed the present invention preferably will have 3 to 5 lanes, or more as long as there is a ridge or divider every 4 lanes, since this is the approximate transverse length for the structure and is the distance for trains to travel from safely in each direction,
  • the present invention consists of two pylons or towers placed on both sides of the street, if it is wider, a pylon or tower on the sidewalk and another on the ridge or divider of the street. It is also important that sidewalks or sidewalks are not narrow and preferably as wide as the equivalent of 2 or more lanes.
  • each pylon or tower will be approximately 6 or 7 stories high, as can be seen in Figure 1 , to place the tracks at 4 floors or more in height to allow the safe passage of buses, cargo trucks, etc. under them.
  • the pylons or towers S will preferably be built in the lane dedicated to the parking of vehicles, this in order to keep the sidewalks free for the movement of pedestrians, as can be seen in Figure 7.
  • the stations or platforms of this Elevated monorail will be built up the street, with the passenger loading / unloading area located above the parking lane area and building stairs / elevators directly from the sidewalks and sidewalks, that is the stations do not disturb in vehicular traffic regardless of the size of the station.
  • the present invention is a very important advance in urban transport because it is a simple mode of transport, low cost and quick to build and in addition to limited obstruction and inconvenience in urban streets, unlike other means of transport such as light trains, underground trains, transport buses, etc.
  • the disadvantage of underground trains is that they are very expensive to build, and creating light trains circulating on avenues and urban streets presents a risk of collisions and accidents, in addition to occupying traffic lanes. Elevated monorails such as the present invention are ideal for any high density urban center.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure pour supporter une voie élevée pour monorails suspendus, laquelle est utilisée dans les centres urbains pour transporter un grand nombre de passagers et soulager ainsi le trafic dans les rues. Dans les grandes villes, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des trains pour le transport urbain mais les voies souterraines sont hautement coûteuses, lorsqu'on construit des trains élevés le problème est l'utilisation de poutres horizontales qui ne peuvent s'étendre sur de grandes distances et il est nécessaire de construire des colonnes ou pylônes grands à faible distance entre les et les autres, ce qui interfère et bouleverse les rues sur lesquelles elles sont construites. La présente invention prévoit d'utiliser le procédé éprouvé de « ponts suspendus » pour construire des voies pour monorails suspendus élevés selon lequel les colonnes peuvent être séparées sur de grandes distances, en outre on utilise l'innovation selon laquelle les tours ou pylônes sont construits de manière adjacente aux ancrages pour économiser l'espace, de sorte que chaque segment est dépendant de celui annexe, créant ainsi un système interconnecté redondant que l'on peut étendre infiniment.
PCT/MX2015/000127 2015-09-21 2015-09-21 Structure de câbles de suspension interconnectés pour monorail élevé Ceased WO2017052352A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MX2015/000127 WO2017052352A1 (fr) 2015-09-21 2015-09-21 Structure de câbles de suspension interconnectés pour monorail élevé

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PCT/MX2015/000127 WO2017052352A1 (fr) 2015-09-21 2015-09-21 Structure de câbles de suspension interconnectés pour monorail élevé

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107460793A (zh) * 2017-08-10 2017-12-12 中建空列（北京）工程设计研究院有限公司 悬挂空铁拼装化区间结构体系及其施工方法
CN107724225A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-02-23 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种悬挂式单轨大跨径轨道梁系统
CN108505405A (zh) * 2018-04-11 2018-09-07 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种悬挂式单轨和公路桥梁的合建结构
CN109204331A (zh) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-15 董恬纲 单轨双向高架悬挂轻型动车县乡景区交通通道
EP3550074A1 (fr) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-09 Volker Müller Portique pour un système de transport de marchandises et système de transport de marchandises.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3857130A (en) * 1972-04-10 1974-12-31 Intreprindera Ind De Stat Ener Suspension bridge
US4069765A (en) * 1974-12-10 1978-01-24 Gerhard Muller Cableway system and particularly support system therefor
CH673015A5 (en) * 1986-06-18 1990-01-31 Kotsu Syst Kikaku Kk Structure of track for vehicles suspended from catenary - has rails hung from strengthening cable to exert prestress through vertical primary droppers on carrier cable
US5070566A (en) * 1990-10-29 1991-12-10 T. Y. Lin International Hybrid bridge structure
US20040244634A1 (en) * 1995-08-02 2004-12-09 Pugin Andre O. Elevated cableway system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3857130A (en) * 1972-04-10 1974-12-31 Intreprindera Ind De Stat Ener Suspension bridge
US4069765A (en) * 1974-12-10 1978-01-24 Gerhard Muller Cableway system and particularly support system therefor
CH673015A5 (en) * 1986-06-18 1990-01-31 Kotsu Syst Kikaku Kk Structure of track for vehicles suspended from catenary - has rails hung from strengthening cable to exert prestress through vertical primary droppers on carrier cable
US5070566A (en) * 1990-10-29 1991-12-10 T. Y. Lin International Hybrid bridge structure
US20040244634A1 (en) * 1995-08-02 2004-12-09 Pugin Andre O. Elevated cableway system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107460793A (zh) * 2017-08-10 2017-12-12 中建空列（北京）工程设计研究院有限公司 悬挂空铁拼装化区间结构体系及其施工方法
CN107724225A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-02-23 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种悬挂式单轨大跨径轨道梁系统
CN107724225B (zh) * 2017-11-21 2023-05-16 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种悬挂式单轨大跨径轨道梁系统
EP3550074A1 (fr) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-09 Volker Müller Portique pour un système de transport de marchandises et système de transport de marchandises.
CN108505405A (zh) * 2018-04-11 2018-09-07 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种悬挂式单轨和公路桥梁的合建结构
CN108505405B (zh) * 2018-04-11 2023-08-25 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种悬挂式单轨和公路桥梁的合建结构
CN109204331A (zh) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-15 董恬纲 单轨双向高架悬挂轻型动车县乡景区交通通道

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