WO2016204538A1 - 다중 사용자 전송 스케쥴링을 위한 무선 통신 방법 및 이를 이용한 무선 통신 단말 - Google Patents
다중 사용자 전송 스케쥴링을 위한 무선 통신 방법 및 이를 이용한 무선 통신 단말 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016204538A1 WO2016204538A1 PCT/KR2016/006415 KR2016006415W WO2016204538A1 WO 2016204538 A1 WO2016204538 A1 WO 2016204538A1 KR 2016006415 W KR2016006415 W KR 2016006415W WO 2016204538 A1 WO2016204538 A1 WO 2016204538A1
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- transmission
- trigger frame
- access category
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/52—Queue scheduling by attributing bandwidth to queues
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/58—Changing or combining different scheduling modes, e.g. multimode scheduling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
- H04L47/625—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders
- H04L47/6275—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders based on priority
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
- H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
- H04W74/085—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication method for multi-user transmission scheduling and a wireless communication terminal using the same, and more particularly, to a wireless communication method and a wireless communication terminal for efficiently scheduling simultaneous transmission of a plurality of terminals.
- Wireless LAN technology is a technology that enables wireless devices such as smart phones, smart pads, laptop computers, portable multimedia players, and embedded devices to wirelessly access the Internet at home, enterprise, or specific service area based on wireless communication technology at short range. to be.
- IEEE 802.11 Since IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 supports the initial wireless LAN technology using the 2.4GHz frequency, various standards of technology are being put into practice or being developed.
- IEEE 802.11b supports communication speeds up to 11Mbps while using frequencies in the 2.4GHz band.
- IEEE 802.11a commercialized after IEEE 802.11b, reduces the impact of interference compared to the frequency of the congested 2.4 GHz band by using the frequency of the 5 GHz band instead of the 2.4 GHz band. Up to 54Mbps.
- IEEE 802.11a has a shorter communication distance than IEEE 802.11b.
- IEEE 802.11g like IEEE 802.11b, uses a frequency of 2.4 GHz band to realize a communication speed of up to 54 Mbps and satisfies backward compatibility, which has received considerable attention. Is in the lead.
- IEEE 802.11n is a technical standard established to overcome the limitation of communication speed, which has been pointed out as a weak point in WLAN. IEEE 802.11n aims to increase the speed and reliability of networks and to extend the operating range of wireless networks. More specifically, IEEE 802.11n supports high throughput (HT) with data throughput of up to 540 Mbps and also uses multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver to minimize transmission errors and optimize data rates. It is based on Multiple Inputs and Multiple Outputs (MIMO) technology. In addition, the specification may use a coding scheme that transmits multiple duplicate copies to increase data reliability.
- MIMO Multiple Inputs and Multiple Outputs
- IEEE 802.11ac supports a wide bandwidth (80MHz to 160MHz) at 5GHz frequency.
- the IEEE 802.11ac standard is defined only in the 5GHz band, but for backwards compatibility with existing 2.4GHz band products, early 11ac chipsets will also support operation in the 2.4GHz band. Theoretically, this specification allows multiple stations to have a minimum WLAN speed of 1 Gbps and a maximum single link speed of at least 500 Mbps.
- IEEE 802.11ad is a method of transmitting data using a 60 GHz band instead of the existing 2.4 GHz / 5 GHz.
- IEEE 802.11ad is a transmission standard that uses beamforming technology to provide speeds of up to 7Gbps, and is suitable for streaming high bitrate video such as large amounts of data or uncompressed HD video.
- the 60 GHz frequency band is difficult to pass through obstacles, and thus can be used only between devices in a short space.
- next generation wireless LAN standard after 802.11ac and 802.11ad, a discussion for providing a high-efficiency and high-performance wireless LAN communication technology in a high-density environment continues. That is, in a next generation WLAN environment, high frequency efficiency communication should be provided indoors / outdoors in the presence of a high density station and an access point (AP), and various technologies are required to implement this.
- AP access point
- an object of the present invention is to provide high-efficiency / high-performance wireless LAN communication in a high density environment.
- An object of the present invention is to perform efficient scheduling of uplink / downlink multi-user transmission.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an efficient scheduling method for channel access of each terminal in a situation in which multi-user transmission and single-user transmission are mixed.
- the present invention provides a wireless communication method and a wireless communication terminal of the following terminal.
- a base wireless communication terminal including a processor and a transceiver, wherein the processor selects an access category for transmitting a trigger frame indicating uplink multi-user transmission, and based on the selected access category By performing a backoff procedure for the transmission of the trigger frame, and provides a base wireless communication terminal for transmitting the trigger frame when the backoff counter of the backoff procedure expires.
- the processor determines the size of the contention window for the backoff procedure using the parameters of the selected access category, obtains a backoff counter within the determined contention window, and uses the obtained backoff counter to: Perform the backoff procedure.
- the parameter includes a minimum contention window value and a maximum contention window value, and the size of the contention window for the backoff procedure is determined between the minimum contention window value and the maximum contention window value of the selected access category.
- An access category for transmitting the trigger frame has a higher priority than an access category of data to be transmitted to another terminal.
- the processor determines that the uplink multi-user transmission is successful and transmits a block response.
- the processor determines that the uplink multi-user transmission has failed and retransmits the trigger frame.
- the processor increases the size of the contention window based on an access category for transmitting the trigger frame, obtains a new backoff counter within the increased contention window, and uses the new backoff counter to Perform backoff procedure for retransmission.
- the base wireless communication terminal receives a buffer status report of at least one terminal through the transceiver and performs a backoff procedure for transmitting the trigger frame when the received buffer status report information is greater than or equal to a preset amount.
- the processor may generate a virtual queue for transmitting the trigger frame using the received buffer status report, and access category queue and the virtual queue for downlink single user transmission of the base wireless communication terminal. It is determined whether to transmit the trigger frame on the basis of an internal competition therebetween.
- the processor allocates backoff counters corresponding to the access category queue and the virtual queue, respectively, and the backoff counters are assigned based on parameters of an access category set in the corresponding queue, and correspond to the virtual queue.
- the trigger frame is transmitted when the backoff counter expires.
- a wireless communication method of a base wireless communication terminal comprising: selecting an access category for transmitting a trigger frame indicating uplink multi-user transmission; Performing a backoff procedure based on the selected access category; And transmitting the trigger frame when a backoff counter of the backoff procedure expires.
- a wireless communication method comprising a.
- efficient uplink multi-user transmission scheduling is possible in a contention-based channel access system.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a WLAN system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a WLAN system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 3 shows a configuration of a station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a configuration of an access point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a process in which an STA establishes a link with an AP.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) / collision avoidance (CA) method used in WLAN communication.
- CSMA carrier sense multiple access
- CA collision avoidance
- FIG. 7 illustrates a method of performing a distributed coordination function (DCF) using a request to send (RTS) frame and a clear to send (CTS) frame.
- DCF distributed coordination function
- 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of an uplink multi-user transmission process of a non-legacy wireless LAN system.
- 10 to 12 illustrate various channel access embodiments in a random access based uplink multi-user transmission process.
- FIGS. 10 to 12 illustrate an embodiment in which the embodiment of FIGS. 10 to 12 is extended to a general uplink multi-user transmission process.
- 16 and 17 illustrate channel access embodiments in an uplink multi-user transmission process using a wideband channel.
- EDCA Enhanced Distributed Channel Access
- 19 illustrates an embodiment of a downlink multi-user transmission process.
- 20 to 22 illustrate a channel access method when transmission of some data fails in a downlink multi-user transmission process.
- 23 and 24 illustrate a method of channel access when transmission of primary access category data fails in a downlink multi-user transmission process.
- 25 and 26 illustrate embodiments of EDCA including multi-user transmission.
- the WLAN system includes one or more Basic Service Sets (BSSs), which represent a set of devices that can successfully synchronize and communicate with each other.
- BSSs Basic Service Sets
- the BSS may be classified into an infrastructure BSS (Independent BSS) and an Independent BSS (IBSS), and FIG. 1 illustrates an infrastructure BSS.
- an infrastructure BSS (BSS1, BSS2) is an access point (PCP / AP) that is a station that provides one or more stations (STA1, STA2, STA3, STA4, STA5), and a distribution service.
- PCP / AP-2 PCP / AP-2
- DS Distribution System
- a station is any device that includes a medium access control (MAC) compliant with the IEEE 802.11 standard and a physical layer interface to a wireless medium. It includes both access points (APs) as well as non-AP stations.
- MAC medium access control
- AP access points
- terminal may refer to a non-AP STA or an AP, or may be used as a term indicating both.
- the station for wireless communication includes a processor and a transmit / receive unit, and may further include a user interface unit and a display unit according to an embodiment.
- the processor may generate a frame to be transmitted through the wireless network or process a frame received through the wireless network, and may perform various processing for controlling the station.
- the transceiver is functionally connected to the processor and transmits and receives a frame through a wireless network for a station.
- An Access Point is an entity that provides access to a Distribution System (DS) via a wireless medium for a station associated with it.
- DS Distribution System
- the AP is used as a concept including a personal BSS coordination point (PCP), and is broadly used as a centralized controller, a base station (BS), a node-B, a base transceiver system (BTS), or a site. It can include all the concepts such as a controller.
- the AP may also be referred to as a base wireless communication terminal, and the base wireless communication terminal is broadly used to include an AP, a base station, an eNB (eNodeB), and a transmission point (TP).
- the base wireless communication terminal may include various types of wireless communication terminals for allocating communication medium resources and performing scheduling in communication with a plurality of wireless communication terminals.
- the plurality of infrastructure BSSs may be interconnected through a distribution system (DS).
- DS distribution system
- ESS extended service set
- FIG. 2 illustrates an independent BSS, which is a wireless LAN system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same or corresponding parts as those of the embodiment of FIG. 1 will be omitted.
- BSS3 shown in FIG. 2 is an independent BSS and does not include an AP, all stations STA6 and STA7 are not connected to the AP. Independent BSSs do not allow access to the distribution system and form a self-contained network. In the independent BSS, the respective stations STA6 and STA7 may be directly connected to each other.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a station 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the station 100 may include a processor 110, a transceiver 120, a user interface 140, a display unit 150, and a memory 160. .
- the transceiver 120 transmits and receives a wireless signal such as a wireless LAN packet, may be provided in the station 100 or externally provided.
- the transceiver 120 may include at least one transceiver module using different frequency bands.
- the transceiver 120 may include a transceiver module of different frequency bands such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 60 GHz.
- the station 100 may include a transmission / reception module using a frequency band of 6 GHz or more and a transmission / reception module using a frequency band of 6 GHz or less.
- Each transmit / receive module may perform wireless communication with an AP or an external station according to a wireless LAN standard of a frequency band supported by the corresponding transmit / receive module.
- the transceiver 120 may operate only one transceiver module at a time or simultaneously operate multiple transceiver modules according to the performance and requirements of the station 100.
- each transmit / receive module may be provided in an independent form, or a plurality of modules may be integrated into one chip.
- the transceiver 120 may represent an RF transceiver module for processing a radio frequency (RF) signal.
- RF radio frequency
- the user interface unit 140 includes various types of input / output means provided in the station 100. That is, the user interface unit 140 may receive a user input by using various input means, and the processor 110 may control the station 100 based on the received user input. In addition, the user interface 140 may perform an output based on a command of the processor 110 using various output means.
- the display unit 150 outputs an image on the display screen.
- the display unit 150 may output various display objects such as contents executed by the processor 110 or a user interface based on a control command of the processor 110.
- the memory 160 stores a control program used in the station 100 and various data according thereto.
- a control program may include an access program necessary for the station 100 to perform an access with an AP or an external station.
- the processor 110 of the present invention may execute various instructions or programs and process data in the station 100.
- the processor 110 may control each unit of the station 100 described above, and may control data transmission and reception between the units.
- the processor 110 may execute a program for accessing the AP stored in the memory 160 and receive a communication setup message transmitted by the AP.
- the processor 110 may read information on the priority condition of the station 100 included in the communication configuration message, and request a connection to the AP based on the information on the priority condition of the station 100.
- the processor 110 of the present invention may refer to the main control unit of the station 100, and according to the embodiment, some components of the station 100, for example, a control unit for individually controlling the transceiver unit 120 and the like.
- the processor 110 may be a modem or a modulator and / or demodulator that modulates and demodulates a radio signal transmitted and received from the transceiver 120.
- the processor 110 controls various operations of radio signal transmission and reception of the station 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments thereof will be described later.
- the station 100 shown in FIG. 3 is a block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which blocks shown separately represent logically distinguishing elements of a device. Therefore, the elements of the above-described device may be mounted in one chip or in a plurality of chips according to the design of the device. For example, the processor 110 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated into one chip or implemented as a separate chip. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, some components of the station 100, such as the user interface unit 140 and the display unit 150, may be selectively provided in the station 100.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an AP 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the AP 200 may include a processor 210, a transceiver 220, and a memory 260.
- a processor 210 may include a central processing unit (CPU) 210, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a central processing unit (GPU) 210.
- a transceiver 220 may include a central processing unit (GPU) 210, and a central processing unit (GPU) 210.
- a memory 260 may include a processor 210, a transceiver 220, and a memory 260.
- FIG. 4 overlapping descriptions of parts identical or corresponding to those of the station 100 of FIG. 3 will be omitted.
- the AP 200 includes a transceiver 220 for operating a BSS in at least one frequency band.
- the transceiver 220 of the AP 200 may also include a plurality of transceiver modules using different frequency bands. That is, the AP 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be provided with two or more transmit / receive modules of different frequency bands, such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 60 GHz.
- the AP 200 may include a transmission / reception module using a frequency band of 6 GHz or more and a transmission / reception module using a frequency band of 6 GHz or less.
- Each transmit / receive module may perform wireless communication with a station according to a wireless LAN standard of a frequency band supported by the corresponding transmit / receive module.
- the transceiver 220 may operate only one transceiver module at a time or simultaneously operate multiple transceiver modules according to the performance and requirements of the AP 200.
- the transceiver 220 may represent an RF transceiver module for processing a radio frequency (RF) signal.
- RF radio frequency
- the memory 260 stores a control program used in the AP 200 and various data according thereto.
- a control program may include an access program for managing a connection of a station.
- the processor 210 may control each unit of the AP 200 and may control data transmission and reception between the units.
- the processor 210 may execute a program for accessing a station stored in the memory 260 and transmit a communication setting message for one or more stations.
- the communication setting message may include information on the access priority condition of each station.
- the processor 210 performs connection establishment according to a connection request of a station.
- the processor 210 may be a modem or a modulator and / or demodulator that modulates and demodulates a wireless signal transmitted and received from the transceiver 220.
- the processor 210 controls various operations of wireless signal transmission and reception of the AP 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments thereof will be described later.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a process in which an STA establishes a link with an AP.
- the scanning step is a step in which the STA 100 obtains access information of a BSS operated by the AP 200.
- a passive scanning method for obtaining information by using only a beacon message S101 periodically transmitted by the AP 200, and a STA 100 requests a probe to the AP.
- the STA 100 that has successfully received the radio access information in the scanning step transmits an authentication request (S107a), receives an authentication response from the AP 200 (S107b), and performs an authentication step. do.
- the STA 100 transmits an association request (S109a), receives an association response from the AP 200 (S109b), and performs the association step.
- the association (association) basically means a wireless coupling
- the present invention is not limited to this, the binding in the broad sense may include both wireless coupling and wired coupling.
- the 802.1X based authentication step S111 and the IP address obtaining step S113 through DHCP may be performed.
- the authentication server 300 is a server that processes 802.1X-based authentication with the STA 100 and may be physically coupled to the AP 200 or may exist as a separate server.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) / collision avoidance (CA) method used in WLAN communication.
- CSMA carrier sense multiple access
- CA collision avoidance
- the terminal performing the WLAN communication performs carrier sensing before checking data to check whether the channel is occupied. If a wireless signal of a predetermined intensity or more is detected, it is determined that the corresponding channel is busy, and the terminal delays access to the corresponding channel. This process is called clear channel assessment (CCA), and the level for determining whether a corresponding signal is detected is called a CCA threshold. If a radio signal having a CCA threshold or higher received by the terminal uses the terminal as a receiver, the terminal processes the received radio signal. On the other hand, if a wireless signal is not detected in the corresponding channel or if a wireless signal having a strength smaller than the CCA threshold is detected, the channel is determined to be idle.
- CCA clear channel assessment
- each terminal having data to be transmitted performs a backoff procedure after a time such as Arbitration IFS (AIFS) or PIFS (PCF IFS) according to the situation of each terminal.
- AIFS Arbitration IFS
- PCF IFS PIFS
- the AIFS may be used as a configuration to replace the existing DIFS (DCF IFS).
- DIFS DIFS
- Each terminal waits while reducing the slot time corresponding to a random number allocated to the corresponding terminal during an interval of the idle state of the channel, and the terminal which has exhausted the slot time attempts to access the corresponding channel. Done.
- the interval in which each terminal performs the backoff procedure is called a contention window interval.
- the terminal may transmit data through the channel.
- each collided terminal receives a new random number and performs a backoff procedure again.
- the random number newly allocated to each terminal may be determined within a range (2 * CW) of twice the random number range (competition window, CW) previously allocated by the corresponding terminal.
- each terminal attempts access by performing a backoff procedure again in the next contention window section, and each terminal performs a backoff procedure from the slot time remaining in the previous contention window section. In this way, each of the terminals performing WLAN communication can avoid collisions with each other for a specific channel.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a method of performing a distributed coordination function (DCF) using a request to send (RTS) frame and a clear to send (CTS) frame.
- DCF distributed coordination function
- each terminal having data to be transmitted performs a backoff procedure by decreasing the backoff counter (or a backoff timer) of a random number assigned to each terminal after the time of AIFS.
- the transmitting terminal having the expired backoff counter transmits a Request to Send (RTS) frame to inform that the terminal has data to transmit.
- RTS Request to Send
- the STA1 having the advantage in the competition with the minimum backoff may transmit the RTS frame after the backoff counter expires.
- the RTS frame includes information such as a receiver address, a transmitter address, and a duration.
- the CTS frame includes information such as a receiver address and a duration.
- the receiver address of the CTS frame may be set to be the same as the transmitter address of the corresponding RTS frame, that is, the address of the transmitting terminal STA1.
- the transmitting terminal STA1 receiving the CTS frame transmits data after the time of SIFS.
- the receiving terminal AP transmits an acknowledgment (ACK) frame after the time of SIFS to inform that the data transmission is completed.
- ACK acknowledgment
- the transmitting terminal considers the data transmission successful.
- a response frame is not received within a preset time
- the transmitting terminal considers that data transmission has failed.
- neighboring terminals that receive at least one of an RTS frame and a CTS frame during the transmission process set a network allocation vector (NAV) and do not perform data transmission until the set NAV expires.
- the NAV of each terminal may be set based on the duration field of the received RTS frame or CTS frame.
- the transmitting terminal STA1 which transmits the RTS frame, considers that data transmission is impossible, and receives a new random number to participate in the next competition.
- the newly allocated random number may be determined within the range (2 * CW) of twice the previously set random number range (competition window, CW) as described above.
- one wireless communication terminal may simultaneously transmit data to a plurality of wireless communication terminals. Also, one wireless communication terminal can receive data from a plurality of wireless communication terminals at the same time. For example, a downlink multi-user (DL-MU) transmission in which an AP simultaneously transmits data to a plurality of STAs, and an uplink multi-user (AP) in which a plurality of STAs simultaneously transmit data to an AP UL-MU) transmission may be performed.
- DL-MU downlink multi-user
- AP uplink multi-user
- information for scheduling UL-MU transmission may be indicated through a preamble of a packet and / or a predetermined field of a MAC header.
- the STA may indicate information for UL-MU transmission scheduling through a preset field of a preamble or a MAC header of an uplink transmission packet, and transmit the information to the AP.
- the information for UL-MU transmission scheduling may include at least one of buffer status information of each STA and channel status information measured at each STA.
- the buffer status information of the STA may indicate at least one of whether the corresponding STA has uplink data to transmit, an access category (AC) of uplink data, and information about the size (or transmission time) of the uplink data.
- AC access category
- the UL-MU transmission process may be managed by the AP.
- the UL-MU transmission may be performed in response to a trigger frame transmitted by the AP.
- the STAs simultaneously transmit uplink data after a predetermined IFS time after receiving the trigger frame.
- the trigger frame indicates a data transmission time of the uplink STAs and may inform channel (or subchannel) information allocated to the uplink STAs.
- the AP transmits a trigger frame
- the plurality of STAs transmit uplink data through each assigned subcarrier at a time point specified by the trigger frame.
- the AP transmits an ACK for the STAs that succeeded in uplink data transmission.
- the AP may transmit a preset multi-STA block ACK (M-BA) as an ACK for the plurality of STAs.
- M-BA multi-STA block ACK
- a specific number such as 26, 52, or 106 tones, may be used as a resource unit (RU) for a subchannel unit in a 20 MHz channel.
- the trigger frame may indicate identification information of each STA participating in the UL-MU transmission and information of the allocated resource unit.
- the identification information of the STA includes at least one of an association ID (AID), a partial AID, and a MAC address of the STA.
- the information of the resource unit includes the size and location information of the resource unit.
- UL-MU transmission may be performed based on competition of a plurality of STAs for a specific resource unit. For example, when the AID field value for a specific resource unit is set to a specific value (eg, 0) that is not assigned to the STA, the plurality of STAs may attempt random access (RA) for the corresponding resource unit. .
- RA random access
- 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of an uplink multi-user transmission process of a non-legacy wireless LAN system.
- the AP transmits a trigger frame 310 to start the UL-MU transmission process.
- the AP may perform a separate backoff procedure for transmission of the trigger frame 310.
- the AP transmits the trigger frame 310.
- the STAs receive the trigger frame 310 transmitted by the AP, and correspondingly transmit the uplink multi-user data 320, that is, an UL MU PPDU (Uplink Multi-User PLCP Protocol Data Unit).
- the uplink multi-user data 320 may be transmitted in a form including at least one of OFDMA and MU-MIMO.
- the AP transmits the M-BA 330 correspondingly.
- the M-BA 330 includes ACK information for STAs that successfully transmit the uplink multi-user data 320.
- the STA1, STA2, and STA3 successfully transmit uplink data in response to the trigger frame 310, and the AP transmits ACK information about the STA1, STA2, and STA3 through the M-BA 330.
- the AP obtains a new backoff counter for competition in the next contention window intervals 44, 46. At this time, the AP obtains a backoff counter within the contention window determined based on the access category of the next data to be transmitted. The AP competes with the STAs based on the new backoff counter and accesses the channel. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the STA5 wins the competition in the next competition window section 44 of the UL-MU transmission process. Accordingly, STA5 transmits uplink data 340 to the AP, and the AP transmits the ACK 346 correspondingly. Also, in the next competition window section 46, the AP won the competition. Accordingly, the AP transmits downlink data 350 to STA2, and STA2 transmits an ACK 356 correspondingly.
- FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which transmission of some uplink data has failed in the UL-MU transmission process.
- the same or corresponding parts as those of the embodiment of FIG. 8 will be omitted.
- TF-R 312 represents a random access based trigger frame. That is, TF-R 312 allocates some or all of the resources for random access, triggering uplink multi-user data transmission.
- the AP may set an AID field value for a specific resource unit to a preset value (eg, 0) and allocate the corresponding resource unit for random access. If the backoff procedure for transmission of the TF-R 312 expires in the contention window section 42, the AP transmits the TF-R 312.
- the STAs receive the TF-R 312 transmitted by the AP and transmit uplink multi-user data 322 in response.
- the uplink multi-user data 322 transmitted by the STAs may include random access uplink data.
- STAs participating in the random access UL-MU transmission transmit uplink data through a resource unit allocated for random access by the TF-R 312. Since a resource unit allocated for random access is not assigned to a specific STA, a plurality of STAs may simultaneously transmit uplink data, thereby causing a collision.
- a collision occurs because STA2 and STA4 transmit uplink data through the same resource unit, and a collision occurs because STA3 and STA5 transmit uplink data through the same resource unit.
- STA1 has successfully transmitted uplink data to the AP. As described above, in the process of transmitting the uplink multi-user data 322, only some uplink data may be transmitted successfully and the remaining uplink data may fail.
- various parameters to be used in a series of transmission processes must be determined. For example, the size of the contention window used in the backoff procedure for transmitting the trigger frame should be determined.
- a criterion for determining whether the uplink multi-user data 322 is successfully transmitted should be set.
- the subsequent operation and the backoff method according to the success or failure determination should be defined.
- the AP may consider the transmission process to be successful even when some data transmission is successful among the uplink multi-user data 322 transmission. That is, when uplink data is received from at least one of the STAs indicated by the trigger frame, the AP determines that the UL-MU transmission process is successful. Accordingly, the AP transmits the M-BA 330 in response to receiving the uplink multi-user data 322. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the STA1 successfully transmits uplink data in response to the TF-R 312, and the AP transmits ACK information for the STA1 through the M-BA 330. Meanwhile, although FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment including random access based UL-MU transmission, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the method for determining success may be equally applied to other types of UL-MU transmission processes. .
- the AP Since it is determined that the UL-MU transmission process is successful, the AP does not increase the size of the contention window to be used for the backoff procedure in the next contention window periods 44 and 46. That is, the AP obtains a new backoff counter within the contention window determined based on the access category of the next data to transmit, as in the embodiment of FIG. 8. The AP competes with the STAs based on the new backoff counter and accesses the channel.
- FIGS. 10 to 12 illustrate various channel access embodiments in a random access based uplink multi-user transmission process. More specifically, the embodiments of FIGS. 10 to 12 illustrate a scheduling method when the AP does not receive any uplink data corresponding to the TF-R. According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the AP does not receive any uplink data corresponding to the trigger frame, the AP determines that the UL-MU transmission process has failed.
- the AP may perform retransmission of the TF-R 312.
- the AP obtains a new backoff counter.
- the new backoff counter may be determined within twice the contention window used in obtaining the previous backoff counter. That is, when the UL-MU transmission process fails, the AP doubles the size of the contention window to be used for the backoff procedure of the next contention window section 44, 46. In the contention window period 44, 46, the AP performs a backoff procedure for retransmitting the TF-R 312 based on the new backoff counter.
- the retransmission of the TF-R 312 may be performed until the retransmission is successful within a preset retransmission limit number.
- the UL-MU transmission procedure fails and the next contention window section 44 begins after the time of Extended IFS (EIFS).
- EIFS Extended IFS
- the AP and the STAs compete in the competition window section 44, and STA5 wins the competition. Accordingly, STA5 transmits uplink data 340 to the AP, and the AP transmits the ACK 346 correspondingly.
- the STAs transmit uplink multi-user data 323.
- STA1 and STA3 succeed in uplink data transmission in response to the retransmitted TF-R 312.
- the AP determines that the UL-MU transmission process is successful. Accordingly, the AP transmits ACK information for the STA1 and the STA3 through the M-BA 330.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a channel access embodiment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same or corresponding parts as those of the embodiment of FIG. 10 will be omitted.
- the AP may increase only the contention window size without performing retransmission of the TF-R 312. If the UL-MU transmission process fails, the AP may attempt one of downlink single user transmission, downlink multiuser transmission, or transmission of a new trigger frame in the next contention window period. When attempting downlink single user transmission or downlink multiuser transmission, the AP doubles the size of the contention window based on the access category of the data to be transmitted to obtain a new backoff counter. When sending a new trigger frame, the AP doubles the size of the existing contention window based on the access category for the trigger frame to obtain a new backoff counter. The AP competes with the STAs based on the new backoff counter and accesses the channel.
- the AP after the failure of the UL-MU transmission process, the AP attempts to transmit the downlink multi-user data 352. That is, a DL-MU interrupt occurs, and the AP uses the next transmission opportunity for downlink multi-user transmission.
- the UL-MU transmission process fails and the next contention window section 44 begins after the time of Extended IFS (EIFS).
- EIFS Extended IFS
- the AP and the STAs compete in the competition window section 44, and STA5 wins the competition. Accordingly, STA5 transmits uplink data 340 to the AP, and the AP transmits the ACK 346 correspondingly.
- the AP wins the competition the AP transmits the downlink multi-user data 352.
- the STAs receiving the downlink data 352 from the AP transmit the multiplexed block ACK 358 correspondingly.
- the AP performs the backoff procedure in the next competition periods 44, 46 based on the new backoff counter determined within the increased contention window, and when the backoff counter of the backoff procedure expires, the downlink multi-user data Send 352.
- 11 illustrates an embodiment in which an AP transmits downlink multi-user data 352 after a failure of a UL-MU transmission process, the present invention is not limited thereto and the AP may transmit downlink single user data or a new trigger frame. .
- FIG. 12 illustrates a channel access embodiment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- portions that are the same as or correspond to those of FIGS. 10 and 11 will not be repeated.
- the size of the contention window may not be increased without performing retransmission of the TF-R 312. Due to the nature of random access, collision may occur even in a situation where traffic is not congested, and if the contention window is uniformly increased, transmission efficiency may decrease. Therefore, when the random access UL-MU transmission procedure fails, the AP may attempt the next transmission without increasing the size of the contention window.
- the AP may attempt any one of downlink single user transmission, downlink multiuser transmission, or transmission of a new trigger frame in the next contention window interval 44, 46.
- the AP obtains a new backoff counter within a contention window based on the access category of the data to be transmitted.
- the AP obtains a new backoff counter within the contention window based on the access category for the trigger frame.
- the AP competes with the STAs based on the new backoff counter and accesses the channel. Although the previous UL-MU transmission procedure has failed, the AP can obtain a new backoff counter without increasing the size of the contention window.
- the AP after the failure of the UL-MU transmission process, the AP attempts to transmit the downlink multi-user data 352.
- the AP and the STAs compete in the competition window section 44, and the AP wins the competition. Accordingly, the AP transmits the downlink multi-user data 352, and the STAs transmit the multiplexed block ACK 358 correspondingly.
- STA5 wins the competition STA5 transmits uplink data 340.
- the AP that receives the uplink data 340 from the STA5 transmits the ACK 346 correspondingly.
- FIGS. 13 to 15 illustrate an embodiment in which the embodiment of FIGS. 10 to 12 is extended to a general uplink multi-user transmission process.
- the trigger frame 314 indicates the identification information of each STA participating in the UL-MU transmission and the information of the allocated resource unit. 10 to 12, the trigger frame 314 indicates uplink multi-user data transmission for STA1, STA2, and STA3.
- the AP does not receive any uplink data corresponding to the trigger frame 314 and performs scheduling for the UL-MU transmission process failure.
- the same or corresponding parts as those of the above-described embodiment of FIGS. 10 to 12 will be omitted.
- the AP may perform retransmission of the trigger frame 314.
- the AP obtains a new backoff counter.
- the new backoff counter may be determined within twice the contention window used in obtaining the previous backoff counter. That is, when the UL-MU transmission process fails, the AP doubles the size of the contention window to be used for the backoff procedure of the next contention window section 44, 46. In the contention window periods 44 and 46, the AP performs a backoff procedure for retransmitting the trigger frame 314 based on the new backoff counter. The retransmission of the trigger frame 314 may be performed until the retransmission succeeds within a preset retransmission limit.
- the AP may select an access category for transmission of the trigger frame 314.
- the size of the contention window for transmission of the trigger frame 314 is determined based on the selected access category.
- a minimum contention window value, a maximum contention window value, an AIFS time, a maximum transmission opportunity (TXOP), etc. may be defined for each access category.
- the size of the contention window for transmission of the trigger frame 314 is determined between the minimum contention window value and the maximum contention window value set in the corresponding access category.
- an access category set separately for the trigger frame 314 may be used.
- any one of categories set for Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) may be selected as an access category for transmission of the trigger frame 314.
- EDCA Enhanced Distributed Channel Access
- the AP determines the size of the contention window based on the access category corresponding to the trigger frame 314 and is assigned a backoff counter within the determined contention window. If the UL-MU transmission procedure fails and the AP retransmits the trigger frame 314, the AP increases the size of the contention window of the access category for the trigger frame 314. According to one embodiment, the size of the increased contention window is determined within twice the size of the previous contention window. A new backoff counter for retransmission of trigger frame 314 is obtained within the increased contention window.
- the AP and the STAs compete in the next contention window periods 44 and 46, and the terminal whose backoff counter expires performs transmission. At this time, the AP participates in the competition by using the aforementioned new backoff counter.
- the AP winning the competition in the contention window section 46 retransmits the trigger frame 314.
- STA1 and ST3 transmit uplink multi-user data 323. Since uplink data is received from at least one of the STAs indicated by the trigger frame 314, the AP determines that the UL-MU transmission process is successful. Accordingly, the AP transmits ACK information for the STA1 and the STA3 through the M-BA 330.
- the AP may increase only the contention window size without performing retransmission of the trigger frame 314. If the UL-MU transmission process fails, the AP may attempt one of downlink single user transmission, downlink multiuser transmission, or transmission of a new trigger frame in the next contention window period. At this time, the AP may increase the contention window based on the access category of the packet to be transmitted. That is, when attempting downlink single user transmission or downlink multiuser transmission, the AP doubles the size of the contention window based on the access category of the data to be transmitted to obtain a new backoff counter.
- the AP When sending a new trigger frame, the AP doubles the size of the existing contention window based on the access category for the trigger frame to obtain a new backoff counter. The AP competes with the STAs using the new backoff counter determined based on the increased contention window and accesses the channel.
- the AP after the failure of the UL-MU transmission process, the AP attempts to transmit the downlink multi-user data 352.
- separate access categories for downlink multi-user transmission may be defined.
- the AP may increase the size of the contention window of the separate access category and obtain a new backoff counter.
- downlink multi-user transmission may be performed based on a primary access category. At this time, the AP may increase the size of the contention window of the primary access category and obtain a new backoff counter.
- the AP may not increase the contention window size without performing retransmission of the trigger frame 314. That is, if the UL-MU transmission process fails, the AP may attempt the next transmission without increasing the size of the contention window.
- the AP may attempt any one of downlink single user transmission, downlink multiuser transmission, or transmission of a new trigger frame in the next contention window interval 44, 46.
- the AP may determine the contention window based on the access category of the packet to be transmitted. That is, when attempting downlink single user transmission or downlink multiuser transmission, the AP obtains a new backoff counter within a contention window based on the access category of the data to be transmitted. When sending a new trigger frame, the AP obtains a new backoff counter within an existing contention window based on the access category for the trigger frame. The AP competes with the STAs based on the new backoff counter and accesses the channel.
- 16 and 17 illustrate channel access embodiments in an uplink multi-user transmission process using a wideband channel.
- the UL-MU transmission process may be performed through a wideband channel of 20 MHz or more.
- the AP transmits trigger frames 314a and 314b on the primary and subchannels to initiate the UL-MU transmission process.
- the AP may perform a backoff procedure on the primary channel for transmission of the trigger frames 314a and 314b.
- the AP transmits the trigger frame 314a to the primary channel.
- the AP performs CCA for the subchannel during the time of PIFS before the expiration of the backoff procedure. If the CCA result subchannel is idle, the AP transmits the trigger frame 314a of the primary channel and the trigger frame 314b of the subchannel together.
- the trigger channel 314a of the primary channel indicates uplink multi-user data transmission for STA1, STA2, and STA3, and the trigger frame 314b of the subchannel indicates the STA4, STA5, and STA6. Indicates uplink multi-user data transmission.
- the AP does not receive any uplink data corresponding to the trigger frames 314a and 314b transmitted through the primary channel and the subchannel, and performs scheduling for a UL-MU transmission process failure.
- the AP may perform retransmission of the trigger frames 314a and 314b.
- the AP obtains a new backoff counter.
- a detailed embodiment of acquiring a new backoff counter for retransmission of the trigger frames 314a and 314b is as described above with reference to FIG. 13.
- the AP and the STAs compete in the next contention window periods 44 and 46, and the terminal whose backoff counter expires performs transmission. At this time, the AP participates in the competition by using the aforementioned new backoff counter.
- the AP winning the competition in the contention window section 46 retransmits the trigger frames 314a and 314b.
- the STA1 and ST3 transmit the uplink multi-user data 322a to the main channel, and the STA4, STA5 and STA6 transmit the uplink multi-user data 322b to the subchannel.
- the AP Since uplink data is received from at least one of the STAs indicated by the trigger frames 314a and 314b, the AP determines that the UL-MU transmission process is successful. Accordingly, the AP transmits M-BAs 330a and 330b including ACK information for five STAs which successfully transmit uplink data.
- the AP receives uplink data 322c of STA4 in response to the trigger frames 314a and 314b transmitted through the primary channel and the subchannel. Since upstream data 322c has been received from at least one of the STAs indicated by the trigger frames 314a and 314b, the AP determines that the UL-MU transmission process is successful. The AP transmits the M-BAs 330a and 330b including the ACK information for the STA4 having successfully transmitted the uplink data.
- the AP Since it is determined that the UL-MU transmission process is successful, the AP does not increase the size of the contention window to be used for the backoff procedure in the next contention window section 44. That is, the AP obtains a new backoff counter within the contention window determined based on the access category of the next data 352a, 352b to transmit. The AP competes with the STAs based on the new backoff counter and accesses the channel.
- the access category includes a voice access category (AC_VO), a video access category (AC_VI), a best effort access category (AC_BE), and a background access category (AC_BK).
- the UE performs contention for channel access based on the parameters set for each access category.
- the parameter includes a minimum contention window value, a maximum contention window value, an AIFS time, and a maximum TXOP.
- Each access category performs an internal competition based on the parameters of the access category if the corresponding queue is not empty. That is, a backoff counter is assigned to the corresponding access category based on the parameters of each access category, and internal competition between access categories is performed based on the assigned backoff counter.
- the access category in which the backoff counter expires first and thus wins the internal competition is set as the primary access category, and the data in the queue of that access category is determined as transmission data.
- data of a secondary access category may be transmitted together with data of a primary access category using TXOP sharing in multi-user transmission.
- data to be transmitted to STA2, STA4, and SAT5 is stored in the queue of AC_VO
- data to be transmitted to STA1 and STA3 is stored in the queue of AC_VI.
- data to be transmitted to STA2 and STA3 are stored in the queue of AC_BE.
- AC_VO, AC_VI and AC_BE perform internal competition using respective parameters.
- AC_VI is set as a primary access category
- AC_VO and AC_BE are set as secondary access categories as a result of the internal competition.
- the AP is a multi-user transmitting terminal
- STA, STA2, STA3 and STA4 is a multi-user receiving terminal.
- the AP may perform downlink multi-user data transmission when a downlink multi-user (DL-MU) interrupt occurs.
- the DL-MU interrupt refers to an operation in which a multi-user transmission terminal determines transmission of DL-MU data because a predetermined condition for DL-MU data transmission is satisfied.
- a preset condition for generating the DL-MU interrupt when data to be transmitted to the plurality of STAs is accumulated in the access category queue or more, the data to be transmitted to the plurality of STAs is accumulated in the access category queue and is preset. Or more than time has elapsed.
- the AP may create a separate virtual queue for DL-MU transmission. In this case, when data of a predetermined size or more is accumulated in the virtual queue, a DL-MU interrupt may occur.
- the AP When a DL-MU interrupt occurs, the AP performs a backoff procedure in the contention window section 52 for transmission of the downlink multi-user data 420.
- the AP For a backoff procedure for transmitting the downlink multi-user data 420, the AP is assigned a backoff counter.
- the AP may determine a contention window based on an access category separately configured for DL-MU transmission and receive a backoff counter within the contention window.
- the AP may determine a contention window based on the primary access category of the downlink multi-user data 420 to be transmitted, and may be assigned a backoff counter within the contention window. The AP performs a backoff procedure in the contention window section 52 using the allocated backoff counter after the AIFS time of the set access category.
- the AP transmits the downlink multi-user data 420.
- the downlink multi-user data 420 may be transmitted in a form including at least one of OFDMA and MU-MIMO.
- the STAs receive the downlink multi-user data 420 transmitted by the AP and transmit an ACK 430 correspondingly.
- the AP transmits downlink multi-user data 420 to STA1, STA2, STA3, and STA4, and each STA transmits an ACK 430 in response to receiving the downlink multi-user data 420.
- the ACK 430 transmitted by the plurality of STAs may be multiplexed and transmitted in the time domain or the frequency domain.
- the AP may perform additional data transmission in the next contention window periods 54 and 56. If a new DL-MU interrupt does not occur, the AP performs a downlink single user data 440 transfer. In this case, the downlink data 440 of the access category that has obtained the transmission opportunity may be transmitted through internal competition between the access category queues of the AP. In the embodiment of FIG. 19, AC_VO has won the internal competition of the AP.
- the AP transmits downlink data 440 of AC_VO to STA5 after the backoff procedure in the contention window section 54.
- the STA5 receives the downlink data 440 and transmits an ACK 445 correspondingly.
- the AP After the DL-MU interrupt occurs again, the AP performs a backoff procedure for transmission of the downlink multi-user data 450 in the contention window section 56. When the backoff counter of the backoff procedure expires, the AP sends downlink multi-user data 450. The AP transmits downlink multi-user data 450 to STA2 and STA3, and each STA transmits an ACK 455 in response to receiving the downlink multi-user data 450.
- 20 to 22 illustrate a channel access method when transmission of some data fails in a downlink multi-user transmission process.
- the AP transmits downlink multi-user data 420 to STA1 to STA4.
- some downlink data that is, downlink data of AC_BE to STA2 has failed to be transmitted.
- STA1 to STA4 transmit ACK 432 corresponding to successfully received downlink data.
- the same or corresponding parts as those of the previous drawings will be omitted.
- the AP considers the transmission process to be successful even when some data transmission is successful among the downlink multi-user data 420 transmissions. That is, when the ACK 432 is received from at least one of the STAs to which the downlink multi-user data 420 is transmitted, the AP determines that the DL-MU transmission process is successful. Meanwhile, the AP may attempt to retransmit some downlink data whose transmission has failed. According to an embodiment, the AP may retransmit downlink data that fails to be transmitted through internal competition. Downlink data that has failed to transmit competes for transmission in the access category queue of the corresponding data. In the embodiment of FIG.
- downlink data 441 of AC_BE which has failed transmission in the first DL-MU transmission process, is retransmitted through internal contention of the AP in the next contention window section 54.
- STA2 receives the downlink data 441 and transmits an ACK 446 correspondingly.
- the AP increases the size of the contention window of the access category of the corresponding data.
- the size of the contention window of the corresponding access category may be increased to twice the size of the previous contention window.
- a penalty for contention may be added when retransmitting downlink data that fails to be transmitted. This penalty of transmission contention can be applied only to internal contention of the AP. That is, the AP does not increase the size of the contention window of an access category other than the access category of downlink data to be retransmitted.
- downlink data transmission of AC_BE has failed in the first DL-MU transmission process. Therefore, the AP increases the size of the contention window of AC_BE.
- AC_BE acquires a new backoff counter within the increased contention window and participates in internal competition using the new backoff counter. In the next competition window section 54, AC_VO won the internal competition of the AP.
- the AP transmits downlink data 440 of AC_VO to STA5 after the backoff procedure in the contention window section 54.
- the STA5 receives the downlink data 440 and transmits an ACK 445 correspondingly.
- a DL-MU interrupt occurs after the transmission of the downlink data 440, and the AP performs a backoff procedure for the transmission of the downlink multi-user data 452 in the contention window section 56.
- the AP sends downlink multi-user data 452.
- the data of AC_BE which has been allocated a new backoff counter and performed a contention competition, is transmitted to the downlink multi-user data 452.
- STAs that receive the downlink multi-user data 452 from the AP transmit an ACK 457 correspondingly.
- the AP when transmission of some data fails during transmission of the downlink multi-user data 420, the AP reduces the size of the contention window of the access category of the data.
- the size of the contention window of the corresponding access category may be set to a minimum contention window value of the corresponding access category.
- the size of the contention window of the corresponding access category may be reduced to a ratio value of the size of the previous contention window. As such, by reducing the size of the contention window of the corresponding access category, priority for contention may be added when retransmission of downlink data that fails to be transmitted.
- the AP reduces the size of the contention window of the AC_BE transmission failed in the first DL-MU transmission process.
- AC_BE acquires a new backoff counter within the reduced contention window and participates in internal competition using the new backoff counter.
- AC_BE won the AP's internal competition in the next competition window section 54.
- the AP retransmits downlink data 441 of AC_BE to STA2 after the backoff procedure in the contention window section 54.
- STA2 receives the downlink data 441 and transmits an ACK 446 correspondingly.
- the size of the contention window of the access category that fails to be transmitted may be variously adjusted.
- the rate of increase or decrease of the contention window may be adjusted according to the number of users or channel size that failed to transmit in the previous DL-MU transmission process.
- FIGS. 23 and 24 illustrate a method of channel access when transmission of primary access category data fails in a downlink multi-user transmission process.
- the AP transmits downlink multi-user data 420 to STA1 to STA4.
- some downlink data that is, downlink data of AC_VI to STA1 has failed to be transmitted.
- AC_VI is the primary access category of the downlink multi-user data 420.
- STA2 to STA4 transmit ACK 434 corresponding to the successfully received downlink data.
- the same or corresponding parts as those of the previous drawings will be omitted.
- the EDCA of the downlink multi-user data 420 may be performed based on the primary access category of that data. That is, the AP determines a contention window based on the primary access category of the downlink multi-user data 420 and is assigned a backoff counter within the contention window. The AP performs a backoff procedure in the contention window section 52 using the allocated backoff counter after the AIFS time of the set access category.
- whether the transmission of the downlink multi-user data 420 is successful may be determined based on whether the transmission of the primary access category data is successful. That is, when the transmission of the primary access category data among the downlink multi-user data 420 is successful, the AP determines that the DL-MU transmission process is successful. However, when the transmission of the primary access category data of the downlink multi-user data 420 fails, the AP determines that the DL-MU transmission process has failed. The AP performs retransmission of primary access category data that failed to transmit. When a DL-MU interrupt occurs during retransmission, the AP may transmit the primary access category data to the DL-MU along with other data remaining in the queue.
- the AP attempts retransmission by determining a contention window of the primary access category AC_VI that failed to be transmitted based on a parameter of the corresponding access category and assigning a new backoff counter.
- the primary access category AC_VI wins the competition, and the AP retransmits downlink data 441 of the primary access category AC_VI to STA1.
- the STA1 receives the downlink data 441 and transmits an ACK 446 correspondingly.
- the AP may increase the contention window size due to a failure of the DL-MU transmission process.
- the AP may increase the size of the contention window of the primary access category AC_VI that failed to transmit.
- the AP may increase the size of the contention window of the entire access category. The AP obtains a new backoff counter within the increased contention window and performs retransmission of downlink data 441 of the primary access category AC_VI using the new backoff counter.
- a contention window is determined based on an access category set separately for DL-MU transmission, and a backoff counter is allocated within the contention window to transmit downlink multi-user data 420. Can be performed. However, whether the transmission of the downlink multi-user data 420 is successful may be determined based on whether the transmission of the primary access category data is successful. In this case, the AP may retransmit downlink data 441 of the primary access category based on a parameter of an access category separately configured for DL-MU transmission.
- the access category queue for EDCA may further include an access category queue for multi-user transmission.
- the access category queue for multi-user transmission includes at least one of a queue for multi-user downlink transmission and a queue for transmission of a trigger frame.
- the queue for multi-user transmission may be operated as a virtual queue.
- the AP inserts a virtual frame into an access category (AC_MU) queue for multi-user transmission.
- the AP determines the contention window size of the corresponding access category based on the parameter of AC_MU.
- the AC_MU may have a higher priority than an access category of data to be transmitted to another STA.
- AC_MU may be set to a higher priority than other access categories where the queue is not empty.
- the parameter of AC_MU is determined based on the set priority.
- the parameter of the AC_MU may use a parameter of a specific access category selected from other access categories.
- the parameter of AC_MU may be set equal to the parameter of the highest priority access category among other access categories whose queue is not empty.
- the AC_MU may use the same parameter of one of the access categories used in the legacy WLAN system.
- the parameters of the AC_MU may be set equal to the parameters of the AC_VO or the AC_VI.
- the parameters of the access category include at least one of a minimum contention window value, a maximum contention window value, an AIFS time, and a maximum TXOP.
- the AP may adjust the priority of the frame of the cue in internal competition by adjusting the parameter of AC_MU.
- the AP may set the contention window value of the AC_MU to zero.
- the AP may set the minimum contention window value or contention window value of AC_MU as the system maximum value.
- the AP may adjust the parameters of the AC_MU based on the system status or the status of the AC_MU queue.
- an AP receives a buffer status report (BSR) of STAs and generates an AC_MU queue using the received buffer status report.
- the AC_MU includes an access category for transmitting a trigger frame.
- the AP may perform a backoff procedure for transmitting a trigger frame when the received buffer status report information is equal to or larger than a preset amount.
- the AP determines the size of the contention window based on the parameter of AC_MU and obtains a backoff counter for transmission of the trigger frame within the determined contention window.
- the AP determines whether to transmit a trigger frame based on an internal contention between the access category queue and the AC_MU queue for downlink single user transmission. More specifically, the access category queue for the downlink single user transmission includes the AC_VO queue, AC_VI queue, AC_BE queue and AC_BK queue used in the legacy WLAN system.
- the AP assigns backoff counters corresponding to the access category queue and the AC_MU queue, respectively. At this time, the backoff counters are allocated based on the parameters of the access category set in the corresponding queue.
- the AP may transmit a trigger frame when the backoff counter corresponding to the AC_MU queue expires.
- the AC_MU may have a higher priority than an access category of data to be transmitted to another STA. Thus, the trigger frame can be sent at a higher priority than frames of other access categories.
- the present invention has been described using the WLAN communication as an example, the present invention is not limited thereto and may be equally applicable to other communication systems such as cellular communication.
- the methods, apparatus, and systems of the present invention have been described in connection with specific embodiments, some or all of the components, operations of the present invention may be implemented using a computer system having a general hardware architecture.
- Embodiments of the present invention described above may be implemented through various means.
- embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- a method according to embodiments of the present invention may include one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), and Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs). It may be implemented by field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
- ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
- DSPs Digital Signal Processors
- DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
- PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- processors controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
- the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the form of a module, a procedure, or a function that performs the functions or operations described above.
- the software code may be stored in memory and driven by the processor.
- the memory may be located inside or outside the processor, and may exchange data with the processor by various known means.
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Description
Claims (11)
- 프로세서 및 송수신부를 포함하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말로서,상기 프로세서는,상향 다중 사용자 전송을 지시하는 트리거 프레임을 전송하기 위한 액세스 카테고리를 선택하고,상기 선택된 액세스 카테고리에 기초하여 상기 트리거 프레임의 전송을 위한 백오프 절차를 수행하고,상기 백오프 절차의 백오프 카운터가 만료되면 상기 트리거 프레임을 전송하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 선택된 액세스 카테고리의 파라메터를 이용하여 상기 백오프 절차를 위한 경쟁 윈도우의 크기를 결정하고,상기 결정된 경쟁 윈도우 내에서 백오프 카운터를 획득하며,획득된 상기 백오프 카운터를 이용하여 상기 백오프 절차를 수행하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제2 항에 있어서,상기 파라메터는 최소 경쟁 윈도우 값 및 최대 경쟁 윈도우 값을 포함하며, 상기 백오프 절차를 위한 경쟁 윈도우의 크기는 상기 선택된 액세스 카테고리의 최소 경쟁 윈도우 값 및 최대 경쟁 윈도우 값 사이에서 결정되는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제2 항에 있어서,상기 트리거 프레임을 전송하기 위한 액세스 카테고리는 다른 단말로 전송될 데이터의 액세스 카테고리 보다 높은 우선 순위를 갖는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 트리거 프레임에 의해 지시된 단말들 중 적어도 하나의 단말로부터 상향 데이터가 수신될 경우, 상기 상향 다중 사용자 전송이 성공한 것으로 판별하고 블록 응답을 전송하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 트리거 프레임에 대응하는 어떠한 상향 데이터도 수신하지 못한 경우, 상기 상향 다중 사용자 전송이 실패한 것으로 판별하고 상기 트리거 프레임을 재전송하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제6 항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 트리거 프레임을 전송하기 위한 액세스 카테고리에 기초하여 경쟁 윈도우의 크기를 증가시키고,증가된 경쟁 윈도우 내에서 새로운 백오프 카운터를 획득하며,상기 새로운 백오프 카운터를 이용하여 상기 트리거 프레임의 재전송을 위한 백오프 절차를 수행하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 베이스 무선 통신 단말은 상기 송수신부를 통해 적어도 하나의 단말의 버퍼 상태 리포트를 수신하고,수신된 상기 버퍼 상태 리포트 정보가 기 설정된 양 이상일 경우 상기 트리거 프레임의 전송을 위한 백오프 절차를 수행하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제8 항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 수신된 버퍼 상태 리포트를 이용하여 상기 트리거 프레임의 전송을 위한 가상의 큐(Queue)를 생성하고,상기 베이스 무선 통신 단말의 하향 단일 사용자 전송을 위한 액세스 카테고리 큐와 상기 가상의 큐 간의 내부 경쟁에 기초하여 상기 트리거 프레임의 전송 여부를 결정하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 제9 항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 액세스 카테고리 큐 및 상기 가상의 큐에 각각 대응하는 백오프 카운터들을 할당하되, 상기 백오프 카운터들은 각각 해당 큐에 설정된 액세스 카테고리의 파라메터에 기초하여 할당되고,상기 가상의 큐에 대응하는 백오프 카운터가 만료될 경우 상기 트리거 프레임을 전송하는 베이스 무선 통신 단말.
- 베이스 무선 통신 단말의 무선 통신 방법으로서,상향 다중 사용자 전송을 지시하는 트리거 프레임을 전송하기 위한 액세스 카테고리를 선택하는 단계;상기 선택된 액세스 카테고리에 기초하여 백오프 절차를 수행하는 단계; 및상기 백오프 절차의 백오프 카운터가 만료되면 상기 트리거 프레임을 전송하는 단계;를 포함하는 무선 통신 방법.
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| KR1020227013422A KR20220054466A (ko) | 2015-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | 다중 사용자 전송 스케쥴링을 위한 무선 통신 방법 및 이를 이용한 무선 통신 단말 |
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| US19/009,910 US20250133032A1 (en) | 2015-06-16 | 2025-01-04 | Wireless communication method for multi-user transmission scheduling, and wireless communication terminal using same |
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| US20220109637A1 (en) | 2022-04-07 |
| US20250133032A1 (en) | 2025-04-24 |
| US20180254993A1 (en) | 2018-09-06 |
| US10721175B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 |
| KR102356060B1 (ko) | 2022-02-08 |
| KR20180009047A (ko) | 2018-01-25 |
| KR20220054466A (ko) | 2022-05-02 |
| KR102297623B1 (ko) | 2021-09-06 |
| US11240166B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
| KR20210111351A (ko) | 2021-09-10 |
| US20200322278A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
| US11201830B2 (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| KR102390646B1 (ko) | 2022-04-27 |
| US20200322279A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
| US12192112B2 (en) | 2025-01-07 |
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