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WO2016135764A1 - Échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016135764A1
WO2016135764A1 PCT/IT2016/000044 IT2016000044W WO2016135764A1 WO 2016135764 A1 WO2016135764 A1 WO 2016135764A1 IT 2016000044 W IT2016000044 W IT 2016000044W WO 2016135764 A1 WO2016135764 A1 WO 2016135764A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
fumes
primary fluid
heat
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IT2016/000044
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Francesco BARBAGLI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2016135764A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016135764A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
    • F24H1/445—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 with integrated flue gas condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/20—Intercepting solids by baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/70—Condensing contaminants with coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/18—Flue gas recuperation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
    • F28D21/0007—Water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger. More particularly, the present invention relates to a heat exchanger fed by combustion fumes.
  • a heat exchanger is an apparatus wherein heat transmission from a first fluid to a second fluid takes place.
  • a heat exchanger can be of the type in which two fluids are mixed with each other, or of the type in which two fluids, that can have a different nature, exchange thermal energy with each other without being mixed.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to propose a heat exchanger of the second type offering a different structure and functioning compared to those available on the market.
  • a heat exchanger according to the present invention is apt to receive combustion fumes of any nature, i.e. combustion fumes coming from combustion processes of any kind, is particularly simple form a structural point of view, is efficient, is apt to operate as a filter for filtering the combustion fumes, thus combining the heat exchange function with the filtering function, and is not expensive in relation to the advantages it offers.
  • - Fig.l is a schematic longitudinal section view of a heat exchanger according to the present invention ;
  • - Fig.2 is a schematic longitudinal section view ;
  • FIG.3 schematically show two heat exchangers according to the present invention connected in series to each other ;
  • Fig.3 is an enlarged detail of Fig.3 ;
  • FIG.5 shows another embodiemnt of a heat exchanger according to the present invention .
  • FIG. 6 shows a further possible use of a heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • a heat exchanger comprise a thermally insulated casing (1) having a predtermined height that, for example has a circular cross-section, apt to delimit an internal volume having a given capacity, with an inlet (2) for the hot gas or fumes (FC) produced by a combustion process of any nature, an output (3) for the cold fumes (FF), at least an inlet (4) for a secondary fluid (SF) that receives heat from a primary fluid (FP) , an output (5) for the heated secondary fluid (SC) with a fitting connection for connecting a heat distribution system with the heat exchanger, a heat exchange unit (6) comprising, for example, a plurality of metal plates, wherein the secondary fluid circulates while receiving heat from the primary fluid (F) , and an aspiration unit (7) for extracting the cold fumes (FF) out of the casing (1) .
  • the primary fluid (FP) positioned inside said volume, the primary fluid (FP)
  • the primary fluid (FP) is water collected on the bottom of the casing (1) ; the primary fluid receives thermal energy from the hot fumes (FC) that enter through the inlet (2) and are deviated downwards by a curved surface (8) provided in front of the inlet (2) inside the casing (1).
  • the primary fluid (FP) can be of any type, not only water.
  • the hot fumes (FC) entering the casing (1) are directed towards the primary fluid (FP) collected on the bottom of the latter by the curved surface (8) . In this way, the primary fluid (FP) is heated by the hot fumes (FC). The heating of the primary fluid also produces a partial vaporization of the latter.
  • the primary fluid (FP) is made to circulate through the heat exchange unit (6) by a pump (9) that is fed through an inlet conduit (10) and supplies the primary fluid (FP) to the heat exchange unit (6) through an output conduit (11) .
  • said pump (9) is external to the casing (1). Therefore, said conduits (10) and (11) are partially internal and partially external to the casing (1) that is crossed by the same conduits at points (A) and (B) .
  • a replenishing inlet (12) is provided on the lower part of the casing (1) to allow the replenishment of the primary fluid (FP) . Furthermore, on the bottom of the casing (1) there is a discharge conduit (13) allowing the discharge of the primary fluid (FP) when needed, for example for maintenance or repair operations .
  • the primary fluid (FP) circulates through the heat exchange unit (6) and, through a respective conduit (15), feeds two circular series of nozzles (16, 17) positioned above and respectively below said plates
  • the plates (14) and the nozzles (16, 17) are above said inlet (2) for the combustion fumes (2).
  • only the upper nozzles (16) are provided, i.e. Only the nozzles positioned above the plates (14).
  • the hot combustion fumes (FS) entering the casing (1) are also aspirated upwards and, therefore, they are obliged to cross the plates (14) that are cooled by the primary fluid exiting from the nozzles (16, 17) (here the primary fluid is cold because it has released thermal energy to the secondary fluid in the unit 6) .
  • the vapors produced by the hot fumes directed aginst the primary fluid lying on the bottom of the casing cross the plates (14), thus being subject to condensation and, falling down, create a rain that drags the solid pollutant particles of the fumes towards the bottom of the casing (1).
  • the condensed vapor falling as a rain towards the bottom of the casing is denoted by the arrows « C Colour
  • the hot combustion fumes have released thermal energy to the primary fluid and are also filtered.
  • Fig.2 inside the casing (1) there are two heat exchange units (6), each of which is connected with respective in/out conduits for the secondary fluid in order to supply heat to two different heat distribution sustems.
  • the heated primary fluid crosses the two units (6) one after the other before reaching the nozzles (16, 17).
  • a sensing device (18) can be positioned in correspondence of the cold fumes exit to sense the temperature of the cold fumes (FF) .
  • two heat exchangers according to the present invention are connected with each other, such that the fumes exiting the heat exchanger on the left enter the heat exchanger on the right, i.e.
  • the fumes exit of the first heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the second heat exchanger.
  • the primary fluid of the first heat exchanger is diathermic oil while the primary fluid of the second heat exchanger is water.
  • the first heat exchanger is provided with a single heat exchange unit (6) as in the example shown in Fig.l, while the second heat exchanger is provided with two heat exchange units as in the example shown in Fig.2.
  • the arrows « FR » represent the gaseous fluids that, in each heat exchanger, move upwards and pass through the plates (14).
  • the reference « CM » denotes a burner. More in general, the reference « CM » denotes a combustion apparatus.
  • Fig.4 particularly shows the flows (arrows « FR ») of the gaseous fluids passing through the plates (14) that delimit labirinth paths, thus facilitating their cooling .
  • the hot combustion fumes (FC) entering the heat exchanger can be combustion fumes that, for example, come from gas or hydrocarbon or biomass burners or from a turbogas power unit.
  • the water discharged through the duct (13) can be conveyed to the sewer system, or it can be conveyed to a purification system if this is not possible or is not permitted to enter it into the sewer.
  • the temperaure of the fumes exiting the heat exchanger was about 70 °C
  • the temperature of the secondary fluid exiting the heat exchange unit was about 70°C which denotes a very fast and efficient heat exchange.
  • the following table shows the values of several parameters obtained experimentally with fumes (FC) produced by an internal combustion engine (content of oxygen in the gaseous effluent equal to 5%) and conveyed into the heat exchanger described above.
  • a further reduction of the powders and the Nox can be obtained by increasing the flow rate of the pump (9) to increase the rain effect.
  • a further reduction of the CO content can be obtained by applying an oxydation catalyst upstream of the inlet (8) .
  • Fig.5 shows a further preferred embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention : compared to the examples shown in Fig.l and Fig.2, the cooled primary fluid exiting the heat exchange unit
  • the cooled primary fluid can be directed both to the point « K » between the plates (14) and to the nozzles (16) provided above the same plates (14).
  • a heat recovery unit (100), known per se, is mounted at the exit (3) , said heat recovery unit being invested by external air (AA) that, as consequence, is heated and can be conveyed to the combustion apparatus (CM) , thus increasing the efficiency thereof.
  • a corresponding aspirator (102) can be provided along a pipe (102) for conveying the thus heated air to the combustion apparatus (CM) .
  • the apparatus described above can be used also for treating water coming from industrial processes.
  • the inlet (4) of the unit (6) receives water or another fluid heated up to a predetermined temperature, the fluid exting the same unit through the output (5) .
  • the waste water to be treated is directed into the casing (1) and it is heated by the unit (6) and therefore evaporates, the evaporation being facilitated by the aspiration on top of the apparatus.
  • the steam thus produced is aspirated with the pollutants contained in the waste water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Échangeur de chaleur, comprenant un boîtier (1) conçu pour délimiter un volume interne de capacité prédéfinie, doté d'une entrée (2) pour fumées ou gaz chauds de combustion (FC), d'une sortie (3) pour les fumées froides (FF), d'au moins une entrée (4) pour un fluide secondaire (SF) qui reçoit la chaleur d'un fluide primaire (FP), d'une sortie (5) pour le fluide secondaire, d'une unité d'échange de chaleur (6) dans laquelle le fluide secondaire (SF) circule tout en recevant la chaleur provenant du fluide primaire (FP) et d'un aspirateur (7) pour l'extraction des fumées froides (FF) par ladite sortie (3). L'échangeur de chaleur comprend un moyen de condensation placé dans le boîtier (1) au-dessus de ladite entrée (2) pour les gaz ou fumées chauds (FC) et conçu entraîner la condensation des vapeurs produites par les gaz ou fumées chauds (FC) investissant le fluide primaire à l'intérieur du boîtier (1).
PCT/IT2016/000044 2015-02-27 2016-02-22 Échangeur de chaleur Ceased WO2016135764A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITFI2015A000054 2015-02-27
ITFI20150054 2015-02-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016135764A1 true WO2016135764A1 (fr) 2016-09-01

Family

ID=52815102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2016/000044 Ceased WO2016135764A1 (fr) 2015-02-27 2016-02-22 Échangeur de chaleur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016135764A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3509782A1 (de) * 1985-03-19 1986-10-02 SEP Gesellschaft für technische Studien, Entwicklung, Planung mbH, 8000 München Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung und kuehlung von aus verbrennungs-, heizungs- oder chemischen prozessen anfallenden abgasen
FR2717248A1 (fr) * 1994-03-14 1995-09-15 Speic Procédé et installation d'épuration de fumées.
FR2749376A1 (fr) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-05 Gaz De France Chauffe-eau a contact direct a double chambre
EP1170557A2 (fr) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-09 Lars Ingvar Ollandt Arrangement pour produire de la chaleur
WO2003033970A1 (fr) * 2001-10-13 2003-04-24 Alastair Robertson Systeme de chauffage
DE102007020145A1 (de) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Bayer Materialscience Ag Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von Gasen (Quenche) unter Bildung eines korrosiven Kondensats
EP2249079A2 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-10 Interesco S.r.l. Méthode et appareil pour améliorer l'efficience d'un générateur de chaleur pour une utilisation industrielle et domestique
DE102009025672A1 (de) * 2009-06-17 2010-12-23 Thomas Staib Abgaswärmenutzanlage für eine Heizanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Abgaswärmenutzanlage

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3509782A1 (de) * 1985-03-19 1986-10-02 SEP Gesellschaft für technische Studien, Entwicklung, Planung mbH, 8000 München Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung und kuehlung von aus verbrennungs-, heizungs- oder chemischen prozessen anfallenden abgasen
FR2717248A1 (fr) * 1994-03-14 1995-09-15 Speic Procédé et installation d'épuration de fumées.
FR2749376A1 (fr) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-05 Gaz De France Chauffe-eau a contact direct a double chambre
EP1170557A2 (fr) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-09 Lars Ingvar Ollandt Arrangement pour produire de la chaleur
WO2003033970A1 (fr) * 2001-10-13 2003-04-24 Alastair Robertson Systeme de chauffage
DE102007020145A1 (de) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Bayer Materialscience Ag Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von Gasen (Quenche) unter Bildung eines korrosiven Kondensats
EP2249079A2 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-10 Interesco S.r.l. Méthode et appareil pour améliorer l'efficience d'un générateur de chaleur pour une utilisation industrielle et domestique
DE102009025672A1 (de) * 2009-06-17 2010-12-23 Thomas Staib Abgaswärmenutzanlage für eine Heizanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Abgaswärmenutzanlage

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