WO2016135174A1 - Separation unit for granular material - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a separation unit (01) for granular material comprising grains (02). The separation unit (01) has a separation space (03). A bottom surface (04) of the separation space (03) comprises at least one circular section (07). A conveyor device (08) that is rotatably driven about an axis of rotation (27) extending at a normal to the circular section (07) covers at least a circular edge region of the circular section (07). The conveyor device (08) has at least one receiving pocket (09) for in each case one grain (02), which pockets are uniformly distributed over the circumference of the conveyor device. The separation space (03) has at least one inlet opening (10, 10-1, 10-2). Through at least one inlet opening (10, 10-1), a flow that comprises air enters the separation space (03) and through at least one inlet opening (10, 10-2) the granular material comprising grains (02) enters the separation space. The separation space (03) has at least one outlet opening (15). A flow that is separated at least from the grains (02) of the granular material and that comprises air exits the separation space (03) through the outlet opening. The separation space (03) has at least one dispensing opening (13), through which grains (02) separated from the granular material leave the separation space (03). The at least one receiving pocket (09) passes over the at least one dispensing opening (13) during a rotation of the conveyor device (08) about the axis of rotation (27). At least one collection region (16) is provided in the separation space (03). Assisted by the flow that comprises air, a plurality of grains (02) of the granular material are collected in the collection region (16). Each collection region (16) covers at least one part of the circular section (07) which is passed-over by the at least one receiving pocket (09) during a rotation of the conveyor device (08) about the axis of rotation (27). Viewed in a direction of rotation (18) of the conveyor device (08), an extraction region (17) is located between a collection region (16) and a dispensing opening (13). In the extraction region (17), the direction of flow (11) of the flow that comprises air is directed opposite to the movement of a receiving chamber (09) that passes through the extraction region (17) during a rotation of the conveyor device (08) about the axis of rotation (27).

Description

 Separate regatta for granular good

The present invention relates to a granule separating unit for granules, such as seeds, fertilizer or the like, in particular for use in connection with a granular material distributing device, such as seed drills, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Distribution devices for granular material, in particular seed drills, are known in numerous design variants. Conventionally, the

Grain extraction with the help of an air flow to which the grains are added.

Subsequently, the serving as a carrier medium air flow is supplied to a manifold, which can open into a plurality of hose lines, which finally in

adjacent droves of the drill can end. The dosage of the grains allows the variation of the volume flow of applied grains. Other ways to influence the dosage of the grains in the individual lines that lead to the droves, usually do not exist. The grains can be fed regularly to the air flow. However, the consistency of grain feeding during air assisted transport becomes more or less

impaired, so that the grain deposit on the coulters often uneven, which can lead to disadvantages in the allocation of stalls of the individual plants. A device for stabilizing a good flow of a drill or sowing machine is known from DE 196 36 787 C1. First and foremost, this is intended to stabilize the particle, granule or grain distances in the region of volumetric grain conveying, so that the grains can be deposited in extensive separation. The

Grain promotion in a Säleitung after a metering unit or in the coulter takes place here via a composite of channels cascade or -führung. or a distribution channel, over which the particles or grains by repeated

Changes of direction are separated and strung. The discharge line should be designed as a multi-part distribution line, the individual line elements are each arranged obliquely to each other that the individual particles arranged by the influence of gravity behind one another and flow out in a zig-zag, at least the end-side conduit element has a channel-shaped cross-section. A device which can be used universally for different grain sizes and types of seeds for separating and dispensing granular material, in particular one

Einzelkornsävorrichtung is further disclosed in DE 36 33 955 A1. For this purpose, a rotating narrow hollow cylinder with cell-forming recesses on its open end, a fixed outer cover and one within the

 Hollow cylinder arranged cover ring proposed. A reservoir is separated from the hollow cylinder by a wall having an opening for the passage of a limited amount of material to be separated. A length of the cells forming

Recesses should amount to two or more times the length of the grains to be separated. In addition, a suction opening is provided near a rear boundary surface of the recesses. The rapidly rotating hollow cylinder picks up a few grains per recess from the grain supply, with the outer cover covering the recesses in the filling zone and preventing the grains from falling out. The centrifugal force pushes the grains into the recesses while a brush scraper removes excess grains that fall back into the supply. In the further

 Course of movement of the hollow cylinder ends an outer boundary wall, so that not held by the suction pressure grains are discharged in the recesses by centrifugal forces to the outside and are returned to the stock. An additional one

Pneumatic scraper can support this grain singling. At the place of delivery, the negative pressure is cut off, so that the grains from the recesses through

Centrifugal force and gravity are delivered.

DE 38 22 437 A 1 also discloses a Gutleiteinrichtung for such Einzelkornsäeinrichtungen that should ensure that excess Gutteilchen stripped from the recesses and are deflected in such a way that they are completely supplied to the stock of goods.

Another Einzelkorndosiervorrichtung for Einzelkornaussaat of cereals is known from DE 4 1 16 724 A 1. In this known metering device, moving singulation openings for attaching individual grains are formed by orifice-shaped openings in a thin-walled lateral surface of a rotating cylinder open to one side. The spoon-shaped openings overlap with a slot of a housing enclosing the cylinder, from which the suction openings for sucking and for the occasional transport of the seeds are formed. Finally, EP 0 636 306 A 1 discloses a distribution unit for granular material such as seed. The distribution unit comprises a housing with kreisbahnförmiger

Inner shell surface, an inlet opening for granular material, a concentrically rotating in the housing conveyor for the granular material, and an outlet opening. The conveyor has a plurality of openings at its outer region, which form in a first housing portion with the Gehäuseinnenmantelfläche a pocket in which the grains are urged and by centrifugal forces, supported by the

Conveyor to be conveyed in a circle. The inlet opening opens into a second housing region. The first housing portion and the second housing portion are separated by a fixed, contoured disk. The contour of the disc is to ensure that excess grains are removed, which are transported in the pockets of the conveyor. These grains are available for further promotion.

The known metering devices are either modified Einzelkornsäaggregate, although allow precise grain separation, but limited in their processing capacity and in their grain volume flow over volumetric metering seed drills and / or are complex and prone to failure in their structure and function. The become known accessories, which should improve the regular delivery of seeds in volumetric dosing machines, however, do not reach the singulation quality conventional

Einzelkornsäaggregate zoom.

WO 2013/186161 A1 discloses a distribution unit for granules comprising granular material such as seeds, fertilizer or the like. This is, for example, a sowing unit of a distribution or seed drill. The distribution unit comprises a housing with at least one inlet opening for the transport of granular material or transported seeds and an outlet opening and a rotating conveyor with at least one rotating, approximately axially arranged to the housing or Förderelement forD detection of the granular material or the seeds. The grains are held by centrifugal forces on an inner shell portion of the housing, crowd there and align against each other and arrange in a line or lined up at an angle corresponding to an angular position between the lateral surface and the radial conveying element, so that in each case only a single grain at the end of the array in a predefined path on the lateral surface along and at the end of the singulation process leaves the outlet almost tangential.

WO 2013/186175 A1 discloses a distribution unit for granules comprising granular material such as seeds, fertilizer or the like, which is designed in particular as a sowing unit of a distribution or seed drill. The distribution unit comprises a housing with approximately kreisbahn- and / or circular segment-shaped

Inner lateral surface, at least one inlet opening for conveyed granular material or transported seeds, a concentrically rotating in the housing conveyor for the transported granular material or transported seeds and at least one outlet opening which connects approximately tangentially to the inner circumferential surface. The conveyor has one or more openings and / or heels on her

Outside on, in a first housing and / or conveying area with the

Gehäuseinnenmantelfläche forms a pocket in which the grains are urged and by centrifugal forces, supported by the conveyor, are conveyed in a circular and in a second housing and / or separation area by a modified contour of the inner circumferential surface of the housing only in each case a single grain under centrifugal force in the opening or in the paragraph of

Conveyor remains and excess grains are secreted and these in turn are led back for renewed promotion in the first housing area. An object of the invention is the delivery accuracy and / or the

Kornabstände at a volumetric grain promotion to improve so far that so that the Korndosierung in terms of their singling quality of a

Single-grain metering approaches, or ideally achieves, while allowing for high grain volume flow, with a simple and unobjectionable design and function as is typical of volumetric metering seed drills.

The above object is solved by the features of independent claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are described by the subclaims.

The object of the invention is accordingly a separating aggregate for granules comprising granular material. The granular good here can be completely made of grains exist, or it may have other ingredients in addition to grains, at least in traces, such as shot.

The singling unit has an example hollow cylindrical separation space. The separation space is limited by a bottom surface, a top surface and a lateral surface at least partially surrounding and the bottom surface and the top surface interconnecting lateral surface. The bottom surface and / or the top surface may be graded, and may have multiple parts occupying a different level. The bottom surface of the separation chamber comprises at least one circular part. The bottom surface having a circular portion may have, for example, an outer contour of two overlapping circles and / or a wheel curve. Conceivable wheel curves are, for example, one by processing a shortened one

Cycloids can be constructed around a base circle epitrochoid and / or an epicycloid which can be constructed, for example, by processing a conventional cycloid around a base circle. The epitrochoid arises as a course of a marked point on a smaller rolling wheel, when this unrolls on a larger wheel slip-free. The shape of the wheel curve is created according to the radii ratio of the two wheels.

At least one annular, peripheral edge region of the at least a part of the bottom surface engaging circular portion occupies a conveyor. The conveyor is rotatably driven driven about a normal on the circular batch upstanding axis of rotation. If the conveyor only takes up an annular edge area of the circular section, then the axis of rotation is normal on a surface spanned by the circumference of the circular section. In this way, an inner region of the circular portion may be arbitrarily shaped, for example, to accommodate deflecting elements or the like. In the case of a hollow-cylindrical configuration of the separation chamber, the axis of rotation runs parallel to the geometric cylinder axis.

The conveyor has one or more uniformly distributed over the circumference peripherally arranged receiving pockets for each grain. Each receiving bag is characterized by a respect to one direction of rotation

Conveyor seen leading front wall, one with respect to a Direction of rotation of the conveyor viewed trailing, rear wall and radially inwardly to the axis of rotation limited by a radial, inner wall. to

Floor surface towards the receiving pocket can be completely or partially open or closed. In the full or partially open configuration, the walls defining the receiving pocket over at least one circular peripheral edge region of the at least one part of the bottom surface of the separating chamber occupy at least one annular section during a full rotation of the conveying device.

In both embodiments, the receiving pockets are limited at least over part of a full revolution of the conveyor about the axis of rotation by a circular portion at least partially surrounding outer radial wall. This can be at least in sections part of the bottom surface at least partially surrounding and / or the bottom surface with the top surface connecting lateral surface of the separation chamber or be of such a be.

In the case of the closed embodiment, the conveyor

For example, a disc with one or more evenly distributed circumferentially circumferentially arranged, for example, formed by on the disc upstanding driver and / or recessed into the disc wells

Include receiving pockets for each one grain and thus form at least one part of the bottom surface of the separation chamber comprising the circular portion.

In the full or partially open embodiment, the

Conveyor in the form of a star transport with one or more evenly distributed circumferentially circumferentially arranged receiving pockets for each grain separating, radially projecting from the axis of rotation spokes may be formed, which during rotation of the conveyor about the axis of rotation at least one annular edge region of the circular portion of the bottom surface of the separation room.

Also, the conveyor may be configured annularly, wherein the conveyor occupies or forms only an annular edge portion of the circular portion of the bottom surface of the separation chamber and the one or more receiving pockets are arranged on and / or in the ring. Also combinations of the described embodiments of the conveyor are possible, for example as a ring with radially projecting, one or more receiving pockets in the circumferential direction limiting spokes, or as an annular disc, at its outer edge region one or more

Receiving pockets embedded and / or formed by one or more upstanding on the annular disc driver.

In summary, the singulating unit has a hollow-cylindrical separation space with a bottom surface comprising a circular portion and a conveyor rotatably arranged about a rotation axis perpendicular to a surface defined by the circumference of the circular portion with one or more receiving pockets for receiving each arranged on the circumference thereof, also identifiable as singulating pockets a grain of grainy estate. The

Conveyor occupies at least one annular edge portion of a part of the bottom surface comprising the circular portion. The separation chamber has at least one inlet opening. Through at least one inlet opening enters a flow comprising air in the

Separation room. Through at least one inlet opening, the grains enter granular material in the separation room.

The restriction according to which the separation space is at least one

Inlet opening, wherein through at least one inlet opening, a flow comprising air and entering through at least one inlet opening the granular granular material in the separation chamber is to be understood to mean that:

 if only one inlet opening is provided, through which an air flow enters the separation chamber, to which the granules comprising granular material is added, and

if a plurality of, for example, two inlet openings are provided, air flow and grains can be fed to the separation chamber separately, for example by an air flow entering the separation chamber through a first inlet opening and the granular material comprising the grains being introduced into the separation chamber through a second inlet opening. An inlet opening for a flow comprising air may at the same time serve as an inlet opening for grains comprising granular material. In this case, the granular material may be added to the flow comprising air.

At least one inlet opening may be provided in the bottom surface and / or in a cover surface and / or in a lateral surface of the separation chamber which at least partially surrounds the bottom surface and which connects the bottom surface to the top surface.

The separation chamber has at least one outlet opening. Through the at least one outlet opening, an at least separated from the grains of the granular Guts, comprehensive air flow exits from the separation chamber. For this purpose, the outlet opening can be impassable, at least for grains of the granular material. The outlet opening may also be impassable for any remaining parts of the granular material.

At least one outlet opening may be provided in the bottom surface and / or in a top surface and / or in a lateral surface of the separating chamber which at least partially surrounds the bottom surface and which connects the bottom surface to the top surface.

In the separation chamber is from the perspective of entering through an inlet opening into the separation chamber and this again through an outlet opening

leaving flow comprising air, between at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening provided at least one collecting region in which accumulate a plurality of flow-accumulated through the air grains of the granular Guts.

Each collection area can be assigned at least one outlet opening, which can be arranged, for example, in or near the collection area in order to form or support the accumulation of granular material in the collection area by means of the flow leaving the separation space through the at least one outlet opening.

Alternatively, at least one common, for example central

Outlet opening be provided for all collecting areas of the singulating unit, one of each collection area, for example, by partitions of

remaining part of the separation chamber separated flow channel leads to the at least one outlet opening.

At least one outlet opening, which is impassable at least for grains of the granular material, can be arranged in a collecting area or at least assigned to it.

Alternatively, a partition wall provided with one or more passage openings impassable at least for grains of the granular material can be arranged between one

Collection area and one or more associated with this outlet openings may be provided.

Each collection area takes at least one of the at least one

Receiving pocket of the conveyor during a rotation of the conveyor about the axis of rotation swept over part of the circular section.

Each receiving pocket happens to entrain individual granules from the granular material with rotating movement of the conveyor the at least one collecting area.

As a result, the at least one receiving pocket is provided with a reservoir of grains per collecting area, from which each receiving pocket draws grains during each rotation of the conveying device.

During each revolution of the conveyor so each receiving pocket promotes one or more grains from the at least one collecting area against the flow direction of the air flow comprising.

The separation chamber also has at least one discharge opening, which is swept by the at least one receiving pocket of the conveyor during a rotation of the conveyor about the axis of rotation.

The at least one receiving pocket thus covers the at least one dispensing opening during each revolution of the conveyor. Preferably, the at least one dispensing opening is released once per receiving pocket during one revolution of the conveyor, whereas the

Dispensing opening is otherwise closed by the conveyor.

For example, each receiving pocket that sweeps over a dispensing opening releases it, whereas the dispensing opening is otherwise closed by the conveyor.

Viewed in a direction of rotation of the conveyor is located between a collecting area and a discharge opening, a separation area in which the flow comprising air on its way from an inlet to an outlet at least over the at least one receiving pocket accommodating circumference of the conveyor against the direction of rotation. By covering the circumference of the conveyor housing the at least one receiving pocket counter to its direction of rotation by the flow comprising the air, it separates excess grains from two or more grains occupied and thereby overfilled

Pick up bags. The separated grains are carried by the air flow against the direction of rotation of the conveyor back to at least one collecting area, so that they are there again available to fill the at least one receiving pocket. While deposited grains are still in the separation area, they can optionally fill free receiving pockets.

The direction of rotation of the rotatably driven about the rotation conveyor is such that the at least one receiving pocket on the circumference of

Conveyor while maintaining the direction of rotation a continuous circular motion of at least one collecting area over a separation area to a

Discharge opening performs. Thus, each receiving pocket can pass one or, for example, two or more collection areas, before they can be used

Separation area happens and then reaches the discharge opening.

The flow direction of the air comprising the flow from an inlet opening to one or more outlet openings runs along the circumference of the

Conveyor against the direction of rotation of the conveyor and thus against the movement of the at least one receiving pocket along the peripheral, annular peripheral region of the at least a portion of the bottom surface engaging circular portion during the rotation of the conveyor.

The flow comprising air thus covers at least part of the circumference of the airway on its way from an inlet to an outlet opening

Conveyor against the direction of rotation. This part is in relation to the

 Separation room stationary, whereas from the perspective of the conveyor only that part of the air flow is swept over, which is exposed during the rotary motion to a separation area.

The air comprising the flow thus sweeps over the receiving pockets on the circumference of the conveyor counter to the direction of rotation of the conveyor.

A flow of the air comprising at least one inlet opening leading to at least one outlet opening hereby runs in the region of the circumference of the conveyor counter to the direction of rotation of the conveyor

Conveyor. In other words, move during rotation of the conveyor the

 Receiving pockets on the circumference thereof against a flow leading from at least one inlet opening to at least one outlet opening flow direction of the air flow.

Thus, at least on the circumference of the conveyor, the direction of rotation of the conveyor opposite to the flow direction of the air comprising flow.

From the separation space can be separated for each discharge opening a discharge space, at least along part of the annular, peripheral

Edge region of the at least a portion of the bottom surface engaging circular portion extending, and seen from the remaining part of the separation chamber in the direction of rotation of the conveyor by a flexible at least in the periphery of the conveyor, the first partition and a fixed, for example, second partition is separated. The discharge opening is located in the delivery room. The flexible, first divider wipes off excess grains as a receiving pocket of the conveyor passes the flexible first divider. This improves the flexible, First partition the deposition and / or can correct incomplete deposits in the separation area.

Each discharge space may be preceded by a settling space, which is separated from the delivery space by the flexible first partition wall at least in the area of the circumference of the conveyor, and by a third partition which is flexible at least in the area of the circumference of the conveyor remaining part of the separation room is separated. During rotation of the

Conveyor passes each receiving pocket first, the third partition and thus passes first into a calming chamber before it passes the first partition and thereby passes into the discharge space. The calming space further improves the quality of singulation by accommodating grains which can optionally fill free receiving pockets, and by allowing two flexible partitions in the direction of rotation of the conveyor to strip excess grains from overfilled receiving pockets. For air exchange can in an example rigid section of the

Be calming room from the discharge space separating, at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor flexible, first partition one or more air passage openings may be provided. This is conducive to a compressed air-assisted ejection of isolated grains through the discharge opening. The flexible at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor flexible first and / or third partition wall may be formed by a lip of elastic material, comprise such or comprise of such or formed.

The flexible at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor flexible first and / or third partition may be formed by a brush, include such or comprise of such or formed.

The air comprising the flow can flow through at least one inlet opening tangentially to the lateral surface in the separation chamber.

Alternatively, the flow comprising air can initially flow axially into the separating chamber through an inlet opening, for example, which is arranged centrally in the bottom surface or in the top surface, whereupon it is deflected radially to the lateral surface, in order to be subsequently deflected in the circumferential direction along the lateral surface.

With regard to a dispensing direction of the granules released by the at least one dispensing opening, the axis of rotation may be arranged obliquely. Alternatively, the axis of rotation can run vertically.

The delivery of individual grains may be compressed air assisted. In this case, a part of the air comprising the air flow also leave the separation chamber through the discharge opening.

Alternatively or additionally, mechanical aids may be provided to control the discharge of individual grains during the passage of a delivery opening

 Support receiving chamber. Examples of mechanical aids are on the at least one receiving pocket having the circumference of the conveyor, for example, grinding Auswerfbügel or on the at least one receiving pocket having circumference of the conveyor rolling off

Auswerfzahnrolle.

Downstream of each dispensing opening, an acceleration ejection can be provided, which accelerates the granules released by the dispensing opening and supplies them, for example, to a crowd.

The entrainment of individual grains in the at least one receiving pocket of the conveyor can be compressed air assisted. This can be done on the

 Separation space facing away from the conveyor be provided, for example, an annular space, which is under a negative pressure relative to the prevailing pressure in the separation chamber, and via the at least one

Recording chamber communicates with the separation room. For example, it is sufficient if the space communicates with the environment and thus has the air pressure prevailing in the free environment, and the air which is introduced into the separation space is under a higher pressure than the air pressure in the air

Surroundings.

The at least one receiving pocket may be bounded in the axial and / or radial direction by a surface which, viewed radially away from the axis of rotation, faces away from falls inside out. Resulting advantages are a clamping effect of a grain housed in a receiving pocket, due to the surface descending radially from the axis of rotation away from the inside to the outside, until it is dispensed through the dispensing opening. For example, this surface may be formed in connection with a bottom surface towards the receiving pocket by a truncated cone-shaped circular portion of the bottom surface of the separation chamber, wherein the base of the truncated cone occupies the entire circular portion and the separation space facing top surface of the truncated cone only a portion of the circular portion occupies.

Also conceivable are spherical segment-shaped recesses on the peripheral edge of a part of the bottom surface forming, for example, designed as a disc conveyor.

The conveyor may be electrically or pneumatically or hydraulically or mechanically, for example by means of a drive shaft of an agricultural

 Tractor be driven to call without claim to completeness of the list only a few conceivable embodiments of suitable drives.

It can be seen that the invention can be realized by a

Granular material distribution device, such as a sowing machine, which comprises one or more separating devices described above for equalizing the grains to be delivered. Thus, the separating device is particularly suitable for use in conjunction with a distribution unit forming, for example, a component of a distribution device for equalizing a distribution unit

Körnergutstroms consisting of an air flow to which a granule comprehensive granular material is added, and which distribution unit comprises a singling unit for a granular comprehensive granular material. The separating unit has a by a bottom surface, a top surface and the bottom surface at least partially surrounding, the bottom surface with the top surface connecting lateral surface bounded, for example, enclosed by a housing, for example, hollow cylindrical separation space. At least part of a floor area of the

Separation room occupies a circular section. At least one circular, peripheral edge region of the at least one part of the bottom surface of the separation chamber engaging circular batch takes a rotatably driven about a rotation axis conveyor, which has distributed over its circumference evenly distributed one or more receiving pockets for each a single grain of the granular Guts. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the circular portion of the bottom surface and / or it is parallel to a cylinder axis of a through the

Separation space limiting basic and top surfaces and one the

opposite bottom and top surfaces interconnecting lateral surface enclosed hollow cylinder. In at least one of the separation room

delimiting, bottom and / or top surface and / or lateral surface forming wall are at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening for a

Air flow arranged. The air flow entering through the inlet opening is metered into the granular material. Furthermore, a discharge opening is provided. Along the path of the air flow from the inlet opening, at least one collecting region is formed in the annular edge region of the at least one part of the bottom surface, in which a large number of grains of the granular material are collected by the air flow. The direction of rotation of the conveying device is such that each receiving pocket moves from a collecting area via a separating area to the outlet opening. The separating region is characterized in that the direction of flow of the movement of a receiving chamber passing the separating region during a rotation of the conveying device about the axis of rotation is opposite.

Advantages over the prior art result from improved separation of granular material associated with a lower consumption of granular material and less damage to the grains to be separated from grains, such as seeds, existing granular Guts.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The proportions of the individual elements to one another in the figures do not always correspond to the actual size ratios, since some shapes are simplified and other shapes are shown enlarged in relation to other elements for better illustration. For identical or equivalent elements of the invention, identical reference numerals are used. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only reference numerals in the individual figures are shown, which are required for the description of the respective figure. The illustrated

Embodiments are merely examples, such as the invention

Separation unit can be configured and provide no final

Limitation dar. It show in a schematic representation:

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a separating unit with a common inlet opening for a flow comprising air and granular material with the top surface of the separation chamber removed in a perspective view.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of the movement paths of the grains of the granular material and the flow path of the air flow in the separation chamber of the separating unit of Fig. 3 and the direction of rotation of the conveyor of the separating unit of Fig. 1 in a

 Top view.

Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a separating unit with a common inlet opening for a flow comprising air and granular material with the top surface of the separation chamber removed in a perspective view.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the paths of movement of the granules of the granular material and the direction of rotation of the conveyor of the singulating unit of Fig. 3 in Fig. 4 a) and the flow path of the air flow in the separation chamber of the singling unit of FIG. 3 in a plan view.

Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of an isolated for simultaneous multiple delivery grains designed by a plurality of dispensing openings

 Separation unit with a common inlet opening for a flow comprising air and granular material and several collecting areas with the top surface of the separation chamber removed in perspective view.

6 is a diagram of the direction of rotation of the conveyor of the

Separation unit and the flow path of the air comprehensive Flow in the separation chamber of the separation unit of FIG. 5 in a plan view. a fourth embodiment of a separating unit with separate inlet openings for a flow comprising air and granular material with the top surface of the separation chamber removed in a perspective view. a fifth embodiment of a separation unit with a common inlet opening for a flow comprising air and granular material with several collecting areas when removed

Top surface of the separation room in perspective view. a detailed view of a conveyor with radially inwardly outwardly tapered receiving pockets for each grain of Granular Guts in a partially sectioned, perspective view in a first state in Fig. 9 a), in which a housed a scattered grain

Receiving pocket, which has just passed through a separation area, a still closed by the conveyor discharge opening reached, in a second state in Fig. 9 b), in which the grain falls from the receiving pocket into the still closed by the conveyor discharge opening, and finally in a third state in Fig. 9 c), in which the discharge opening is released by the conveyor and the individual grain leaves the separation chamber through the discharge opening. a sixth embodiment of a separation unit with a common inlet opening for a flow comprising air and granular material with a downstream of the discharge opening

Acceleration ejection in perspective view. the singling unit of FIG. 10 seen in perspective view from the underside thereof. a seventh embodiment of a separating unit, wherein the axis of rotation of the conveyor with respect to a dispensing direction of the Sporadically emitted by the discharge opening grains is arranged obliquely in perspective view.

13 shows a detailed view of a compressed-air-assisted discharge of separated grains.

Fig. H is a detail view of a first embodiment of a through

 mechanical aids assisted delivery of isolated grains.

Fig. 15 is a detail view of a second embodiment of a through

 mechanical aids assisted delivery of isolated grains.

16 shows an eighth embodiment of a separating unit in which the entrainment of individual grains in the receiving pockets of the conveying device is compressed air-assisted in a perspective exploded view.

A granular material comprising wholly or partially illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 16 for granules 02 is intended in particular for use in conjunction with a granular material distributing device, such as a sowing machine.

The singling unit 01 has a separating chamber 03, which is bounded by a bottom surface 04, a top surface 05 and a peripheral surface 06 surrounding the bottom surface 04 and connecting the bottom surface 04 to the top surface 05.

The bottom surface 04 comprises at least one circular part 07.

At least one annular edge region of the circular section 07 receives a conveying device 08 which is rotatably driven about a rotation axis 27 (FIG.

The conveyor 08 has one or more evenly distributed over the circumference peripherally arranged receiving pockets 09 for each grain 02.

The separation chamber 03 has at least one inlet opening 10. An air flow passes through at least one inlet opening 10 in the

Singling space 03 a, as indicated by arrows 1 1 in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 b), Fig. 5, Fig. 8, Fig. 10, Fig. 1 1 and Fig. 16 indicated. Through at least one inlet opening 10 enters the grains 02 comprehensive granular Good in the separation chamber 03, as by Arrows 12 in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 a), 5, 6, 8, 10, 1, and 16 are indicated.

In this case, at least one common inlet opening 10 can be provided for the air comprising the flow, and the granular material comprising granules 02 can be provided, as in the case of the in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 a), FIG. 4 b), Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 8, Fig. 10, Fig. 1 1 and Fig. 16 illustrated embodiments is provided. Here is a grain 02 comprehensive granular Good of the air flow at their entry into the separation chamber 03 is already metered. Accordingly, an inlet opening 10 for a flow comprising air can simultaneously act as an inlet opening 10 for grains 02

serve extensive granular good and vice versa.

In the embodiment variant shown in Fig. 7 are separate

Inlet openings 10-1, 10-2 provided for the air flow and the granules 02 comprising granular material. Through at least one first inlet opening 10-1, the air comprising the flow enters the separation chamber 03, wherein the granules 02 comprising granular material through at least one second inlet opening 10-2 the

Separation chamber is supplied. For example, the at least one second inlet opening 10-2 can communicate with a container arranged above the separation space, in which granular material is stored. In this embodiment variant, the granular material is held in at least one separate container which, for example, opens like a funnel into a collection region of the separation chamber, which is explained below.

The separation chamber 03 has at least one discharge opening 13, through which grains 02 separated from the granular material leave the separation chamber 03, as indicated by arrows 14 in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, FIGS 1, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 are indicated.

The separation chamber 03 has at least one outlet opening 15, through which a flow comprising at least one of the grains 02 of the granular material exits the separation chamber 03 again. The granular material may consist entirely of grains 02, or it may, in addition to grains 02 at least in trace parts have other ingredients, such as shot. At least one Outlet opening 15 may be located, for example, near at least one discharge opening 13.

For example, as in the embodiment of a singulating unit 01 shown in FIG. 16, a dispensing opening 13 can be arranged parallel to the rotation axis 27, wherein preferably at least a majority of the air comprising the grains 02 of the granular material passes through the singling space 03 the outlet opening 15 preferably leaves again in the opposite direction than the separated grains 03 through the discharge opening 13. Alternatively, as shown by way of example in FIG. 3, a dispensing opening 15, for example arranged centrally in the circular section 07 of the bottom surface 03 within the dispensing space 21, can be provided. by which at least a majority of the air separated from the grains 02 of the granular material comprising the air leaving the separation chamber 03 again. The restriction that at least includes a large part of the air

Flow leaves the separation chamber 03 again through an outlet opening 15 results from the fact that a preferably smaller part of the air flow can leave the separation chamber 03 intermittently through the at least one discharge opening 13 permanently or with the delivery of isolated grains. In principle, it is also conceivable that the discharge opening 15 through the

 Outlet opening 13 is formed, this includes or is encompassed by this, wherein the air comprising flow leaves the separation chamber 03 together with the separated grains.

A separating unit 01 is further characterized in that the at least one discharge opening 13 of the at least one receiving pocket 09 of the conveyor 08 during a revolution of the conveyor 08 to the

Rotary axis 27 is swept over.

If a plurality of delivery openings 13 are provided, as in the singulation unit 01 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, each discharge opening 13 of each receiving pocket 09 is swept over during one revolution of the delivery device 08. As a result, it can be seen that all discharge openings 13 of all receiving pockets 09 in the course of one revolution of the conveyor 08 to the

Rotary axis 27 are swept over.

The at least one receiving pocket 09 thus covers the at least one delivery opening 13 during each revolution of the delivery device 08.

In the separation chamber 03, at least one collection region 16 is provided between at least one inlet opening 10 and at least one outlet opening 15 from the perspective of a flow comprising air passing through an inlet opening 10 through an inlet opening 15 and leaving it again through an outlet opening 15. Supported by the flow comprising air, a plurality of grains 02 of the granular material accumulate in the collecting region 16, for example by forming them in the

Collection area 16 are dammed by the flow comprising air and / or inhibited to leave the collection area 16. In a separate supply of the air comprising the flow and the granular material shown in Fig. 7, the at least one inlet opening 10-2 for the granular material preferably opens into one

Collection area 16.

Each collecting area 16 receives at least one of the at least one receiving pocket 09 of the conveyor 08 during one revolution of the

Conveyor 08 about the axis of rotation 27 swept part of the circular section 07 a. This happens every receiving pocket 09 at each revolution of

 Conveyor 08 each collecting area 16 to take individual grains of the granular Good. As a result, at least one of the circumference of the

Conveyor 08 housed receiving pocket 09 a reservoir of grains 02 per collecting area 16 available, from which each receiving pocket 09 at each

Rotation of the conveyor 08 grains 02 scoops.

In a in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 b) and Fig. 6 respectively indicated by an arrow 18 direction of rotation of the conveyor 08 is located between a

Collection area 16 and a discharge opening 13 at least one deposition area 17th

In a separation region 17, the flow direction of the air comprising the flow of each is the separation region 17 during one rotation the conveying device 08 directed counter to the rotational axis 27 receiving chamber 09.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 10

illustrated embodiments of the separating unit 01 is provided between each a collecting area 16 and a respective discharge opening 13 depending on a separation area 17.

In the embodiment of the singulating unit 01 shown in FIG. 8, a total of three collecting areas 16 are provided between which and one

Dispensing opening 13 seen in the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08 each have a separating region 17 is located.

In the separating region 17, the flow comprising air covers the circumference of the conveying device 08 housing the at least one receiving pocket 09 against the direction of rotation of the conveying device 08.

The air comprising the flow thus covers on its way from an inlet opening 10 to an outlet opening 15 at least part of the circumference of the conveyor 08 against the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08.

The air comprising the flow thus also passes over the receiving pockets 09 on the circumference of the conveyor 08 counter to the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08. One of at least one inlet opening 10 to at least one outlet opening

15 leading flow direction of the flow comprising air hereby runs in the region of the circumference of the conveying device 08 against the direction of rotation or rotation of the conveying device 08.

In other words, during rotation of the conveying device 08, the receiving pockets 08 move on the circumference of the conveying device 08 against a flow comprising at least one inlet opening 10 leading to at least one outlet opening 15. Thus, at least on the circumference of the conveyor 08 in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 b) and Fig. 6 indicated by arrows 18 direction of rotation of the conveyor 08th

opposite to the flow direction of the air comprising flow.

By sweeping the flow comprising the air into the circumference of the conveying device 08 housing at least one receiving pocket 09, it separates excess grains 02 from holding pockets 09 occupied by two or more grains 02 and thereby overfilled. The separated grains 02 are flowing from the air contrary to the direction of rotation of the

Conveyor 08 is again carried to a collecting area 16, so that they are there again available to again fill a receiving pocket 09. While deposited grains 02 are still in the separation area 17, they may optionally fill free receiving pockets 09 passing just the separation area 17.

The direction of rotation of the rotationally driven about the rotation axis 27 conveyor 08 is such that the at least one receiving pocket 09 on the circumference of the conveyor 08 while maintaining the direction of rotation a perpetual

Circular movement of at least one collecting area 16 via a separation area 17 to a discharge opening 13 performs.

The flow direction of the air comprising the flow from an inlet opening 10 to one or more outlet openings 15 extends along the circumference of the conveyor 08 against the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08 and thus against the movement of the at least one receiving pocket 09 along the annular, peripheral edge region of the at least one part Floor surface 04 engaging circular portion 07 during the rotation of the conveyor 08th

Each collecting area 16 may be assigned at least one outlet opening 15, which may be arranged, for example, in or near the collecting area 16 in order to form or support the accumulation of granular material in the collecting area 16 by means of the flow leaving the separating room 03 through the at least one outlet opening 15 , Alternatively, a common, for example, central outlet opening 15 for several or all collecting areas 16 of the singulating unit 01 be provided. In this case, one of each collecting area 16, for example, separated by partitions from the remaining part of the separation chamber 01

Flow channel lead to the at least one outlet opening 15.

Alternatively, as in the embodiment shown in FIG

Separation unit 01 be provided that between an inlet opening 10 and an outlet opening 15 a plurality of collecting areas are arranged, all in

Direction of flow from the inlet opening 10 to the outlet opening 15 seen before a last collecting area 16-3 lying collecting areas 16-1, 16-2 can be bypassed by the air flow on its way to the outlet opening 15 under directional deflection. After the grains 02 have a higher inertia than the air, grains 02 also collect in a bypass with a change in direction in the collecting areas 16-1, 16-2 lying upstream of the last collecting area 16-3.

Preferably, the at least one discharge opening 13 of the

Separation chamber 03 as shown in Fig. 9 a), Fig. 9 b) and Fig. 9 c) shown in successive sequence during a revolution of the conveyor 08 each

 Receiving pocket 09 released once, whereas the discharge port 13 is otherwise closed by the conveyor 03.

For example, each receiving pocket 09, which sweeps over a dispensing opening 13, release it, whereas the dispensing opening 13 is otherwise closed by the conveyor 08.

In FIG. 9, additional control is provided by a control disk connected to or covered by the conveyor 08. Here, a lock with a discharge opening upstream of the lock chamber 19 is formed by an element 20 of the control disk to the discharge opening 13 out first

is closed. If a receiving pocket 09 passes through the lock chamber 19, a grain 02 accommodated in the receiving pocket to date (FIG. 9 a) falls into the lock chamber 19 (FIG. 9 b)). In the lock chamber 19, the grain 02 initially remains until the element 20 releases the discharge opening 13.

Based on this it can be provided that the discharge opening 13 is never completely open, but by a lock communication between the Separation chamber and the discharge opening is prevented. In this way it can be prevented that, for example, shot misses the discharge opening unintentionally.

By a described lock chamber 19, a homogenization of the delivery is achieved. In the embodiment of the singulating unit partially shown in FIG

01 falls a grain 02 from a receiving pocket 09 of the conveyor 08 first in a lock chamber 19 forming, further pocket formed by an element 20 connected to the conveyor 08 or covered by this control disc formed, obliquely dressed ground, as shown in FIG. 9 a)

Snapshot shown. Then the grain 02 remains in one

 Lock chamber 19 forming another pocket, while the conveyor 08 continues to rotate, as shown in the snapshot shown in Fig. 9 b). The

Movement speed of the grain 02 is now zero, while the conveyor 08 and the associated with this or encompassed by this, each receiving pocket 09, an element 20 having control disc continues to rotate under the grain 02. The sloping ground also provides a grain calming, since the grain 02 is slightly clamped. After further rotation of the conveyor 08, the bag opens down, and the grain 02 falls vertically through the discharge opening 13, for example, in a leading to a crowd drop tube 28, as in the in Fig. 9 c) shown

Snapshot shown.

From the separation chamber 03, a discharge chamber 21 may be separated per discharge opening, as in the case of the delivery openings 21 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and is shown in Fig. 10 embodiments of the separating unit 01 is provided. The discharge space 21 extends at least along a part of the annular, peripheral edge region of the at least one part of the bottom surface 03 engaging circular portion 07. The discharge space 21 is from the remaining part of the

Separation space 03 seen in the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08 by a flexible at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor 08, the first partition wall 22 and separated by an example fixed, second partition wall 23. In each

Dispensing room 21, a discharge opening 13 is arranged. The flexible, first partition 22 strips off excess grains 02, when a receiving pocket 09 of the conveyor 08 passes through the flexible first partition 22. This improves the flexible, first Partition 22 the deposition and / or can correct incomplete deposits in the separation area 17.

Each dispensing space 21 may be illustrated with reference to the arrows 18

Direction of rotation of the conveyor 08 a calming space 24 be arranged upstream, as provided in the embodiment of the separating unit 01 shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. The calming space 24 is separated from the discharge space 21 by the first partition wall 22, which is flexible at least in the region of the circumference of the conveying device 08. The calming space 24 is defined by a at least in the region of the circumference

Conveyor 08 flexible, third partition 25 from the remaining part of the

Separation room 03 separated. Upon rotation of the conveyor 08, each receiving pocket 09 first passes through the third partition wall 25 and thereby passes first into a settling chamber 24 before it passes the first partition wall 22 and thereby passes into the discharge space 21. The calming space 24 again improves the quality of the singulation, in that these grains can accommodate 02, which can optionally fill free receiving pockets 09, and by two in the direction of rotation of the

 Conveyor 08 successive flexible partitions 22, 25 excess grains 02 can strip from previously overfilled receiving pockets 09.

So that the receiving pockets 09 and the individually housed therein grains 02 can pass through the partitions 22, 23 and the optionally provided partition 25, sitting the partitions 22, 23, 25 either not directly on the conveyor 08, or they grind, for example by means of a Equally equipped with, for example, supply channels in the separation chamber 03 delimiting walls 43, as in the embodiment of a shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6

Separation unit 01 is provided with multiple delivery, and with pockets for additional, a last collection area 16-3 upstream collection areas 16-1, 16-2 forming walls 44, as shown in the embodiment of a singulator unit 01 shown in Fig. 8 with multiple collection areas 16-16. 1, 16-2, 16-3 is provided. The flexible at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor 08 first

Partition wall 22 and / or third partition wall 25 may be formed by, comprising or including or formed by a lip of elastic material be. Alternatively or additionally, at least in the region of the circumference of the

Conveyor 08 flexible first partition wall 22 and / or third partition wall 25 may be formed by a brush, include such or comprise of such or formed. For air exchange can in an example rigid section of the

Be calming space 24 from the discharge space 21 separating, at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor 08 flexible, first partition wall 22 one or more air passage openings 26 may be provided. This is conducive to one

compressed air assisted ejection of individual grains 02 through the discharge opening 13. These air passage openings 26 are impassable at least for grains 02 of the granular Guts.

The axis of rotation 27 can be described with reference to a by arrows 14 in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 8, Fig. 10, Fig. 1 1, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, FIG 15 and Fig. 16 indicated

Discharge direction separated by the at least one discharge opening 13

delivered grains 02 may be arranged obliquely, as shown in Fig. 12. An oblique position of the axis of rotation 27 and thus the conveyor 08 for

Discharge direction improves the delivery of the grains 02 through the discharge opening 13 in the direction of, for example, a drop tube 28, as a result, the motion vectors of the grains 02 are directed more towards the ground. An additional advantage results from the fact that a motor driving the conveyor, such as electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor, or a gearbox connected for example with a drive shaft can pass obliquely next to a crowd and thus under the

Separation unit 01 can be positioned. This improves the accessibility and thus changeability of the conveyor 08.

Alternatively, the axis of rotation 27, for example, run vertically or horizontally.

The delivery of the separated grains 02 through the at least one discharge opening 13 may be assisted by compressed air, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 by arrows 42 indicating a flow of compressed air. A part of the air comprising the air flow can also leave the separation chamber 03 through the discharge opening 13. Alternatively or additionally, a separate compressed air line may be provided, which provides compressed air to assist the delivery. By the rotation of Controlled conveyor can be provided a slider 29, which

For example, spring-loaded, the discharge opening 13 closes and controls, for example controlled by provided on the conveyor 08 control means releases the discharge opening when a receiving pocket 09 this happens (Fig. 13). The example spring-loaded slide 29 prevents the blocking of the conveyor 08th

Alternatively or in addition to a compressed air-assisted delivery, mechanical aids for supporting the delivery of the separated grains 02 through the at least one delivery opening 13 can be provided, as in FIG. 14 using the example of a circumference of the delivery device 08 having the at least one receiving pocket 09 grinding Auswerfbügel 30 and in Fig. 15 on the example of a on which the at least one receiving pocket 09 having the circumference of the conveyor 08 abrolling Auswerfzahnrolle 31 is shown.

Downstream of each dispensing opening 13, an acceleration ejection 32 can be provided, as is provided in the embodiment of the singulating unit 01 shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. The occasionally discharged through the discharge opening 13 grains 02 are accelerated by the discharge opening 13 downstream acceleration discharge 32 and, for example, a crowd feeds.

The entrainment of individual grains 02 in the at least one receiving pocket 09 of the conveying device 08 can be assisted by compressed air, as is provided in the embodiment of the separating unit 01 shown in FIG. 16. Here, on the side facing away from the separation chamber 03 side of the conveyor 08, a space 33 may be provided which under a negative pressure relative to the in the

Separation chamber 03 prevailing pressure is, and communicates via the at least one receiving chamber 09 with the separation chamber 03. For this purpose, an annular or ring-shaped slot 34 can be provided in the bottom surface 03 on the circumference of the annular portion 07, which only communicates with the separation space 03 in the area of the receiving pockets 09 and is covered by the conveying device 08 between the receiving pockets 09. For example, it is sufficient if the space 33 communicates with the environment, for example via the discharge opening 13 and thus has the pressure prevailing in the free environment air pressure, and introduced into the separation chamber 03, comprehensive flow is under a higher pressure than the air pressure in the area , By the pressure difference between the separation chamber 03 and the space 33 are formed in Fig. 16 by arrows 35 indicated individual flows between the receiving chambers 09 and the space 33, which attract and hold grains 02 until the example, by a on the circumference of the circular portion 07 in the bottom surface 04 provided

Recess 36 is reached through which a previously held in a receiving pocket 09 grain 02 is then discharged through the discharge opening 13.

The at least one receiving pocket 09 of the conveyor 08 is

Preferably, bounded by a surface 37 which, viewed radially away from the axis of rotation 27 away from the inside outwards to the bottom surface 04 drops out, as provided for example in the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 of the separating unit 01. Resulting advantages are a clamping effect of a grain 02 accommodated in a receiving pocket 09, due to the surface 37 falling away radially from the axis of rotation 27, until it is discharged through the discharge opening 13 Floor surface open receiving pocket 09 by a truncated cone-shaped circular portion 07 of the bottom surface 04 of the separation chamber 03 may be formed, wherein the

Base of the truncated cone occupies the entire circular portion 07 and the separation space 03 facing top surface 05 of the truncated cone occupies only a portion of the circular portion.

Also conceivable are ball-segment-shaped recesses as on the peripheral edge of a part of the bottom surface 04 forming, for example, designed as a disk conveyor 08 receiving pockets 09, as in the embodiment of the singling unit 01 shown in Fig. 9 partially

is provided.

The air comprising the flow can flow through at least one inlet opening 10 tangentially to the outer surface 04 at least partially surrounding lateral surface 06 in the separation chamber 03, as in the in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 7 , Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 1 1 and Fig. 16 illustrated embodiments of

Separation unit 01 is provided. Alternatively, the flow comprising air can flow axially into the separation chamber 03 parallel to the axis of rotation 27 through an inlet opening 10 arranged in the bottom surface 04 or in the top surface 05, whereupon it is deflected radially towards the lateral surface 06, in order subsequently to this

Circumferential direction along the lateral surface 06 to be deflected again, as provided in the embodiment of the separating unit 01 shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. This embodiment is preferably in a

Singling unit 01 on, over the circumference of the circular portion 07 away a plurality of discharge openings 13 and this upstream in the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08 Abscheidebereiche 17 and this in turn upstream

Collection areas 16, as shown in the in Figs. 5 and Fig. 6

Design of the separating unit 01 is provided. As a result, a single inlet opening 10 is sufficient to supply all collecting areas 16 and

Separation regions 17 with air-comprehensive flow and this optionally metered granular Good.

Towards the bottom surface 04, the at least one receiving pocket 09 can be completely or partially open or closed. In the complete or partially open configuration, the receiving pockets 09 sweep at least one peripheral edge region of the at least one part of the bottom surface 04 of the separating chamber 03 engaging a circular portion 07 during a full rotation of the conveying device 08.

In the full or partially open embodiment, the

Conveying device 08 in the form of a transport star with one or more evenly distributed over the circumference circumferentially arranged receiving pockets 09 for each grain 02 separating, radially projecting from the axis of rotation 27 spokes to be formed during rotation of the conveyor about the axis of rotation 27 at least one edge region of circular portion 07 at least one bottom surface 04 of the

Repaint Separation Room 03.

For example, in the case of the closed configuration, the conveyor 08 may be circumferentially arranged circumferentially distributed around a circumference of a pulley, for example, by means of drivers located on the pulley and / or, as in the embodiment of FIG Separation unit 01 provided, formed in the disc recesses formed receiving pockets 09 for each grain 02 and thus form at least one of the circular portion 07 comprehensive part of the bottom surface 04 of the separation chamber 03. It is important to emphasize that the receiving pocket tabs 09, preferably each of them individually transported along grains 02 give all down and therefore preferably open to the bottom to a discharge opening 13 back. This ensures that even with vibration, such as this when using the

Separation unit 01 in conjunction with agricultural equipment, such as a seeder occur, the grains 02 remain in the receiving pockets 09.

The separation chamber 03 may, as shown in Fig. 10 of the

Floor surface 04 taper off tapered. For this purpose, the outer surface 04 of the separation chamber 03 at least partially surrounding lateral surface 06 at least partially bevelled to the bottom surface 04 extend, so that it converges away from the bottom surface 04. As a result, the grains 02 better in the

Recording noise 09 driven and held better there.

It is also important to emphasize that the flow comprising air after it has reached a storage area 16 and before passing through one or more

Outlet openings 15 leaves the separation chamber 03, can be used again, the deposition of excess grains 02 from crowded

Support recording 09.

First corresponding embodiments of a singulating unit 01 are shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 10. In these embodiments, a discharge space 21 occupies part of the separation space 03. The discharge space 21 is delimited from the remaining part of the separation space 03 by a peripheral area of the delivery device 08 which accommodates at least the receiving exchanger 09 flexible, first partition wall 22 and by an example, rigid second partition wall 23. By doing

Abgaberaum is located a discharge opening 13 and at least one outlet opening 15. The discharge opening 13 may at least temporarily serve as an outlet opening 15 at the same time. In the second partition wall 23, an at least for grain 02 of the granular material impassable grating 41 is provided so that through the inlet opening 10 in the Separation chamber 03 entering, comprehensive flow of air initially against the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08 flows to the collection area 16 and thereby supports the accumulation of grains 02 in the collection area 16. From the collecting region 16, the flow comprising air passes free of grains 02 through the grille 41 into the discharge space 21, in order to leave the separation space 03 there again through the at least one outlet opening. The flow direction of the air-comprising flow is also directed in the dispensing space 21 at least along a portion of the circumference of the circular portion 07 also opposite to the direction of rotation of the conveyor 08. The separate from the grains 02 air flow overflows in the discharge chamber 21 a second time the conveyor 08. This is advantageous in that it may be that a detained in a receiving pocket 09, for example, by a clamping, excess grain 02 which the discharge space 21 from the remaining Separation room 03 delimiting first partition wall 22 has happened. This case is not detrimental now, but even useful. Thus, grains 21 may also be located and move in the dispensing space 21, thereby solving double points and / or replacing defects.

A second, correspondingly configured separating unit 01 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The separation chamber 03 in this case has a bypass channel 39 forming a bypass, which is separated from the collecting region 16 by a grid 38 which is at least impassable for grains 02 of the granular product. Of the

 The bypass channel 39 opens into a calming space 24. The bypass channel 39 opens into a settling chamber 24 in such a way that the flow direction of the air comprising the flow toward the outlet opening 15 at least along a portion of the settling chamber 24 occupying part of the circumference of the circular section 07 counter to the direction of movement of the receiving pockets 09 on the circumference of

 Conveyor 08 runs. By an already mentioned air passage opening 26 in the first partition 22, the flow comprising air can pass from the calming space 24 into the discharge space and from there through an outlet opening into the open air. In the singling unit 01 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the air flow in the

Collection area 16 separated from the grains 02 and flows over a second time the

This is in the effect advantageous, since it may be that in a receiving pocket 09, for example by a

Clamping held, excess grain 02 the calming room 24 from remaining separation room 03 delimiting third partition 25 has happened. This case is not detrimental now, but even useful. Thus, even in the calming room, 24 grains 02 can be located and move, thereby solving double points and / or replacing defects. Overfilling the reassurance room 24 with grains 02 is hardly possible because even as the third partition 25 and the

 Calming room 24 delimiting from the discharge space, the first partition wall 22 again grains 02 towards the discharge room 21 can pass.

Advantageously, the separation chamber 03 of an individual for multiple delivery grains separated by several discharge openings 13 separating unit as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 also each have a bypass forming bypass channels 39 which each of a collection area 16 by at least for grains 02 of the granular Guts impassable grid 38 are separated. This does not necessarily serve to produce an air flow directed counter to the direction of rotation 18 in the discharge space 21, but in any case permits a particularly compact construction. It is also important to emphasize that in the embodiment of the singling unit 01 shown in FIG. 7 with separate supply of a flow comprising exclusively air through a first inlet opening 10-1 and the granules 02 comprising granular material through a second inlet opening 10-2 above the inlet

Separation unit 01, a solid container with grains 02 is located, which communicates via the second inlet opening 10-2 with the collecting area 16, so that grains 02 pass from the container into the collecting area 16. Through the container here is a grain supply available from the collection area 16 through the

Conveyor 08 removed grains 02 are replaced. The conveying device 08 may in this case have an outer conveying region with the receiving bushes 09 and an inner conveying region with driving elements 40. The collecting area 16, into which the container opens via the second inlet opening 10-2, also has two areas, one per conveying area of the conveying device 08. One area serves to fill the receiving pockets 09 of the circumference-engaging outer

The other area serves to feed the provided with the driving elements 40, provided between the outer conveyor area and the rotation axis inner conveying area of the conveyor 08. This inner conveyor area additionally transports grains 02 from the collecting area 16 against the air flow in the direction of the first Inlet opening 10-1, only for the Air comprehensive flow is provided, so that by means of the inner

Conveying area transported upstream, surplus grains 02 grains 02

then back into the air through the separation area

Collection area 16 are blown. Through this hereby generated inverse

Grain movement can be refilled in the separation area defects in the receiving pockets 09 and transported in the receiving pockets 09, excess grains 02 are solved by heran blown grains. In this case, the air can leave the collecting area, for example, by a grid which is impassable at least for grains 02 of the granular product and which is separated from the collecting area 16 by a discharge space 21 in order to leave the separating space 03 from here through an outlet opening 15. Here, the air hits again on the receiving pockets 09, this time in the delivery room. As a result, excess grains 02 can be released from the receiving pockets 09 in the delivery room and false steles can be replaced. Alternatively, in the collecting area 16, an outlet opening 15 that is impassable at least for grains 02 of the granular product can be provided. Alternatively, the air may leave the collecting area through the container, wherein the second inlet opening 10-2 may simultaneously serve as an outlet opening 15. Here, the air flows through the container and thereby loosens up the granular material stored in this container.

It is also important to emphasize that the cover surface 05 at least not necessarily everywhere must rest directly on a discharge space 21 and / or a calming space 24 separating from the remaining separation chamber 03 partitions 22, 23, 25. It can be provided that the grains 02 are hindered only by their gravitational force on an uncontrolled, not supported by the rotation of the conveyor crossing between the individual partitions of the separation chamber 03. As a result, disturbances can be reduced, which could arise in closed rooms, for example by an initial, for example, too high a metered addition of granular material to the air stream. As a result, a massive overload and stiffening of the separation unit 01 can be prevented.

Furthermore, the separation region 17 can be formed by a channel formed in the separation chamber 03 and leading from an inlet opening 10 to a collection region 16, wherein the cover surface 05 can have an eg central outlet opening 15. Also conceivable in this context are one or more overflow openings, one per partition of the separation space 03, either in the direction of the collection area or outside the separation space 03.

The invention is particularly applicable industrially to the manufacture of agricultural machinery and apparatus, especially distribution devices such as seed drills and / or fertilizer distribution machines.

The invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or changes may be made to the invention without departing from the scope of the following claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01 singulation unit

 02 grain

 03 Separation room

 04 floor area

 05 deck area

 06 lateral surface

 07 circular game

 08 conveyor

 09 pickup bag

 10 inlet opening (air flow and granular material) 0-1 first inlet opening for air containing flow

 0-2 second inlet opening for granular material

 1 1 arrow (flow direction / direction of the air comprising the flow)

12 arrow (movement of the grains in the separation room)

 13 discharge opening

 14 arrow (discharge direction of isolated grains)

 15 outlet opening

 16 collection area

16-1 collection area

16-2 collection area

16-3 collection area

 17 separation area

 18 arrow (direction of rotation of the conveyor)

 19 lock room

 20 element

 21 delivery room

 22 first partition

 23 second partition

 24 calming room

 25 third partition

 26 air passage opening

27 axis of rotation downspout

pusher

Auswerfbügel

Auswerfzahnrolle acceleration ejection space

slot

arrow

recess

area

grid

Bypass channel entrainment element grid

arrow

wall

wall

Claims

Separation unit (01) for a granule (02) comprising granular material, with a separation chamber (03), wherein:  a bottom surface (04) of the separating chamber (03) comprises at least one circular part (07),  a conveying device (08) rotatably driven about a rotation axis (27) which projects normally on the circular section (07) assumes at least one annular edge region of the circular section (07),  - The conveyor (08) evenly distributed over the circumference at least one receiving pocket (09) for each grain (02),  - the separation chamber (03) has at least one inlet opening (10, 10-1, 10-2), wherein at least one inlet opening (10, 10-1) comprises a flow comprising air and at least one inlet opening (10, 10-2) granular material entering granules (02) enters the separation chamber (03), - the separation chamber (03) has at least one outlet opening (15) through which a flow comprising at least the grains (02) of the granular material exits the separation space (03) again,  - the separation chamber (03) has at least one discharge opening (13), through which granules (02) separated from the granular material leave the separation space (03),  - The at least one discharge opening (13) of the at least one  Receiving pocket (09) is swept over the axis of rotation (27) during one revolution of the conveyor (08),  - in the separation chamber (03) at least one collecting area (16) is provided, in which, supported by the air flow comprising collecting a plurality of grains (02) of the granular material,  - Each collection area (16) at least one of the at least one  Receiving pocket (09) during a rotation of the conveyor (08) about the axis of rotation (27) swept over part of the circular portion (07), - In a direction of rotation (18) of the conveyor (08) seen between a collecting area (16) and a discharge opening (13) is a separation area (17), and - In the separation region (17), the flow direction (1 1) comprising the air flow of the movement of the separating region (17) during rotation of the conveyor (08) about the axis of rotation (27) passing  Receiving chamber (09) is directed opposite. Separation unit according to claim 1, wherein a common inlet opening (10) for the air comprising the flow and the grains (02) comprising granular material is provided. Separation unit according to claim 1, wherein separate inlet openings (10-1, 10- 2) are provided for the flow comprising air and the granular material comprising the granules (02). Separation unit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein each collecting area (16) is associated with at least one outlet opening (15), or a common Outlet opening (15) for several or all collecting areas (16) of the Separation unit (01) is provided. Separation unit according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one discharge opening (13) during one revolution of the conveyor (08) depending Receiving pocket (09) is released once, whereas the discharge opening (13) is otherwise closed by the conveyor (08). Separation unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein from the separation chamber (03) per discharge opening (13) a discharge space (21) is separated, at least along a part of an annular, peripheral Border region of at least part of the bottom surface (04) engaging circular portion (07) extends, and that of the remaining part of Separation space (03) seen in the direction of rotation (18) of the conveyor (08) by a at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor (08) flexible first partition wall (22) and by a second partition wall (23) is separated, wherein a discharge opening (13 ) is arranged in the discharge space (21). Separation unit according to claim 6, wherein each discharge chamber (21) with respect to the direction of rotation (18) of the conveyor (08) is preceded by a calming space (24) through which at least in the region of the circumference Conveying device (08) is flexible, first partition (22) separated from the discharge space (21), and by at least in the region of the circumference of the conveyor (08) flexible, third partition wall (25) from the remaining part of the separation chamber (03) is separated , 8. singulating unit according to claim 7, wherein in a portion of the first  Partition one or more air passage openings (26) are provided. The singulating unit according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein:  - The first and / or third partition wall (22, 25) is formed by a lip of elastic material, comprises such or comprises or is formed of a, and / or.  - The first and / or third partition wall (22, 25) is formed by a brush, comprises, or is comprised of or formed by a brush. 10. Separation unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the  An axis of rotation (27) with respect to a dispensing direction (14) of the at least one dispensing opening (13) isolated emitted grains (02) is arranged obliquely. 1 1. Singling unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein:  - The delivery of isolated grains (02) is supported by compressed air, and / or - Mechanical aids (30, 31) are provided for the delivery of isolated grains (02) in the passage of a discharge opening (13) by a  Support receiving chamber (09).  12. separation unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each discharge opening (13) arranged downstream of a Beschleunigungsauswurf (32) is provided which accelerates the isolated by the discharge opening (13) grains (02). Separation unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Entrainment of individual grains (02) in the at least one receiving pocket (09) of the conveyor (08) is supported by compressed air, wherein on the separation chamber (03) facing away from the conveyor (08) a space is provided which under a negative pressure relative to the separation in the space (03) prevailing Pressure is, and communicates via the at least one receiving chamber (09) with the separation chamber (03). 14. Singling unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the  at least one receiving pocket (09) is delimited by a surface which, viewed radially away from the axis of rotation (27), drops outwards. 15. Separation unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the air flow through at least one inlet opening (10, 10-1) tangentially to a bottom surface (04) at least partially surrounding lateral surface (06) flows into the separation chamber (03), or by an inlet opening (10, 10-1) arranged in the bottom surface (04) or one of the bottom surface (04) initially flows axially into the separation chamber (03), whereupon it radially surrounds the bottom surface (04) at least partially Mantle surface (06) is deflected out to be deflected in the connection thereto in the circumferential direction along the lateral surface (06) again.