WO2016114364A1 - Electrolyzed water generating device - Google Patents
Electrolyzed water generating device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016114364A1 WO2016114364A1 PCT/JP2016/051025 JP2016051025W WO2016114364A1 WO 2016114364 A1 WO2016114364 A1 WO 2016114364A1 JP 2016051025 W JP2016051025 W JP 2016051025W WO 2016114364 A1 WO2016114364 A1 WO 2016114364A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
Definitions
- Embodiment of this invention is related with an electrolyzed water generating apparatus.
- electrolyzed water generating apparatuses that generate electrolyzed water having various functions by electrolyzing water, such as alkaline ionized water, ozone water, or hypochlorous acid water, have been provided.
- an electrolyzed water generating apparatus for generating hypochlorous acid water there is an electrolyzing apparatus having a one-diaphragm two-chamber electrolytic cell and a two-diaphragm three-chamber electrolytic cell.
- the one-membrane two-chamber electrolytic cell is an electrolytic cell in which an anode chamber containing an anode and a cathode chamber containing a cathode are opposed to each other with a diaphragm passing only specific ions.
- the one-diaphragm two-chamber type electrolytic cell flows water mixed with salt as an electrolyte, and generates acidic water in the anode chamber and alkaline water in the cathode chamber.
- the acidic water is water in which hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid are mixed
- the alkaline water is water containing sodium hydroxide water or dissolved hydrogen.
- an intermediate chamber filled with an electrolyte such as salt water is disposed between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber in order to prevent salt from being mixed into the generated acidic water and alkaline water.
- the intermediate chamber and the anode chamber are separated by an anion exchange membrane, and the intermediate chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by a cation exchange membrane. And only the anion or cation required for electrolysis from salt water is passed through the anode chamber or the cathode chamber.
- the problem to be solved by the embodiment is to provide an electrolyzed water generating apparatus having excellent electrolysis efficiency.
- the electrolyzed water generating apparatus includes a first electrode and a second electrode, a first electrode chamber facing the first electrode and covering the first electrode, and the second electrode facing the second electrode.
- An electrolyzer having a second electrode chamber covering the electrode, the electrolyzer comprising a plurality of channels provided in the first electrode chamber and respectively facing the first electrode, wherein the plurality of channels are A first flow path for flowing water at a first flow rate, and a second flow path for flowing water at a second flow rate faster than the first flow rate.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an electrolytic cell of the electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the electrolytic cell.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electrolytic cell taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an anode cover of the electrolytic cell.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the anode cover.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of the cathode cover schematically showing the flow path and water flow provided in the cathode chamber of the electrolytic cell.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of flowing anode water and the effective chlorine concentration.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an anode cover of an electrolytic cell according to a modification.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of the entire electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the electrolyzed water generating apparatus includes a so-called three-chamber electrolytic tank 11.
- the electrolytic cell 11 is formed in a flat rectangular box shape, and the inside thereof includes an intermediate chamber 15a and an intermediate chamber 15a by an anion exchange membrane (first diaphragm) 16 and a cation exchange membrane (second diaphragm) 18. It is partitioned into an anode chamber (first electrode chamber) 15b and a cathode chamber (second electrode chamber) 15c located on both sides.
- An anode (first electrode) 14 is provided in the anode chamber 15 b and faces the anion exchange membrane 16.
- a cathode (second electrode) 20 is provided in the cathode chamber 15 c and faces the cation exchange membrane 18.
- the anode 14 and the cathode 20 are formed in a rectangular plate shape having substantially the same size, and face each other with the intermediate chamber 15a interposed therebetween.
- the electrolyzed water generator includes an electrolyte supply unit 19 that supplies an electrolytic solution, for example, saturated brine, to the intermediate chamber 15a of the electrolytic cell 11, and a raw water supply that supplies raw electrolytic water, for example, water to the anode chamber 15b and the cathode chamber 15c. And a power source 23 for applying a positive voltage and a negative voltage to the anode 14 and the cathode 20, respectively.
- an electrolyte supply unit 19 that supplies an electrolytic solution, for example, saturated brine, to the intermediate chamber 15a of the electrolytic cell 11, and a raw water supply that supplies raw electrolytic water, for example, water to the anode chamber 15b and the cathode chamber 15c.
- a power source 23 for applying a positive voltage and a negative voltage to the anode 14 and the cathode 20, respectively.
- the electrolyte supply unit 19 includes a salt water tank 25 that generates saturated salt water, a supply pipe 19a that guides the saturated salt water from the salt water tank 25 to the lower portion of the intermediate chamber 15a, a liquid feed pump 29 provided in the supply pipe 19a, And a drain pipe 19b for sending the electrolytic solution flowing in the intermediate chamber 15a from the upper portion of the intermediate chamber 15a to the salt water tank 25.
- the raw water supply unit 21 includes a water supply source (not shown) for supplying water, a water supply pipe 21a for guiding water from the water supply source to the lower portions of the anode chamber 15b and the cathode chamber 15c, and water flowing through the anode chamber 15b above the anode chamber 15b.
- a first drain pipe 21b that discharges from the cathode chamber 15c
- a second drain pipe 21c that drains water flowing through the cathode chamber 15c from the upper part of the cathode chamber 15c
- a gas-liquid separator 27 provided in the second drain pipe 21c
- the liquid feed pump 29 is operated to supply saturated salt water to the intermediate chamber 15a of the electrolytic cell 11, and water is supplied to the anode chamber 15b and the cathode chamber 15c.
- a positive voltage and a negative voltage are applied from the power source 23 to the anode 14 and the cathode 20, respectively.
- Sodium ions ionized in the brine flowing into the intermediate chamber 15a are attracted to the cathode 20, pass through the cation exchange membrane 18, and flow into the cathode chamber 15c.
- water is electrolyzed at the cathode 20 to generate hydrogen gas and a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.
- the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and hydrogen gas generated in this way flow out from the cathode chamber 15c to the second drain pipe 21c, and are separated into the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and hydrogen gas by the gas-liquid separator 27.
- the separated sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (alkaline water) is discharged through the second drain pipe 21c.
- the chlorine ions ionized in the salt water in the intermediate chamber 15a are attracted to the anode 14, pass through the anion exchange membrane 16, and flow into the anode chamber 15b. Then, chlorine ions are reduced at the anode 14 to generate chlorine gas. Thereafter, the chlorine gas reacts with water in the anode chamber 15b to generate hypochlorous acid water and hydrochloric acid.
- the acidic water hypochlorous acid water and hydrochloric acid
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the electrolytic cell
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the electrolytic cell
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electrolytic cell along line AA in FIG.
- the electrolytic cell 11 has a rectangular frame-like intermediate frame 22 that functions as a partition, and a rectangular plate shape that has an outer diameter dimension substantially equal to the intermediate frame 22 and covers one side of the intermediate frame.
- An anode cover (first cover member) 24 and a rectangular plate-like cathode cover (second cover member) 26 having an outer diameter dimension substantially equal to that of the intermediate frame 22 and covering the other side surface of the intermediate frame.
- the intermediate frame 22 forms an intermediate chamber 15a with its inner peripheral surface.
- the anode cover 24 forms an anode chamber 15b by a recess formed in the inner surface thereof
- the cathode cover 26 forms a cathode chamber 15c by a recess formed in the inner surface thereof.
- a first inlet 34 communicating with the intermediate chamber 15a is formed at the lower end of the intermediate frame 22, and a first outlet 36 communicating with the intermediate chamber 15a is provided at the upper end.
- a supply pipe 19a and a drain pipe 19b are connected to the first inlet 34 and the first outlet 36, respectively.
- An anion exchange membrane 16 is disposed between the intermediate frame 22 and the anode cover 24 as a first diaphragm separating the intermediate chamber 15a and the anode chamber 15b.
- the anode 14 is disposed in the anode chamber 15 b and is in close proximity to the anion exchange membrane 16.
- a cation exchange membrane 18 is disposed as a second diaphragm between the intermediate frame 22 and the cathode cover 26, and the cation exchange membrane 18 separates the intermediate chamber 15a and the cathode chamber 15c.
- the cathode 20 is disposed in the cathode chamber 15 c and is in close proximity to the cation exchange membrane 18.
- a planar sealing material 40 for preventing water leakage is disposed between the periphery of the ion exchange membrane 18 and between the periphery of the cathode 20 and the periphery of the cathode cover 26.
- a plurality of fixing bolts 50 are inserted through the peripheral edge of each constituent member, for example, inserted from the anode cover 24 side, and the tip portion protrudes from the cathode cover 26.
- a nut 52 is screwed into the tip of each fixing bolt 50.
- the fixing bolts 50 and nuts 52 as fastening members fasten the peripheral portions of the constituent members to each other, and maintain the water tightness of the intermediate chamber 15a and the electrode chambers 15b and 15c.
- each of the anion exchange membrane 16 and the cation exchange membrane 18 has an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the intermediate frame 22 and is formed into a thin rectangular flat plate having a thickness of about 100 to 200 ⁇ m. Is formed.
- the anion exchange membrane 16 and the cation exchange membrane 18 have a characteristic of allowing only specific ions to pass therethrough.
- a plurality of through holes through which the fixing bolts 50 are inserted are formed in the peripheral portions of the anion exchange membrane 16 and the cation exchange membrane 18.
- the anion exchange membrane 16 is disposed to face one side of the intermediate frame 22, and the peripheral edge thereof is in close contact with the intermediate frame 22 via the sealing material 40.
- the cation exchange membrane 18 is disposed to face the other surface side of the intermediate frame 22, and the peripheral edge thereof is in close contact with the intermediate frame 22 via the sealing material 40.
- the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are not limited to ion exchange membranes, and may be porous membranes having water permeability.
- the anode 14 and the cathode 20 are formed of a metal flat plate having a thickness of about 1 mm, and are formed in a rectangular shape having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the intermediate frame 22.
- a fine through-hole for allowing liquid to pass through is formed in the central part (effective area) of the anode 14 and the cathode 20, and a plurality of through-holes for inserting the fixing bolt 50 are formed in the peripheral part of the electrode.
- the anode 14 has a connection terminal 14b protruding from one side edge thereof.
- the cathode 20 has a connection terminal 20b protruding from one side edge thereof.
- the connection terminals 14b and 20b are connected to the power source 23.
- the anode 14 is disposed to face the anion exchange membrane 16 and is in close contact with the anion exchange membrane 16.
- the cathode 20 is disposed to face the cation exchange membrane 18 and is in close contact with the cation exchange membrane 18.
- an intermediate material such as a nonwoven fabric may be sandwiched between each electrode and the ion exchange membrane.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the inner surface side of the anode cover
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the anode cover.
- the anode cover 24 has an inner surface 24 a that faces the anode 14 and an outer surface on the opposite side.
- a rectangular recess 60 is formed in the inner surface 24 a of the anode cover 24, and the anode chamber 15 b is formed by the recess 60.
- the anode chamber 15b is provided with a plurality of channels through which water flows. That is, a plurality of linear ribs 64 are erected on the bottom surface of the recess 60 and extend, for example, in the vertical direction (second direction Y).
- These ribs 64 are provided in parallel to each other and at a predetermined interval. Between the two adjacent ribs 64, linear flow grooves 65 extending in the vertical direction are formed. The plurality of flow grooves 65 are opposed to the central portion of the anode 14 and form first flow paths P1 through which water flows.
- the width W1 and the depth D1 of the flow groove 65 are, for example, W1: 8 mm and D1: 2 mm.
- the cross-sectional area in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the first flow path P1 is about 16 mm 2 .
- enlarged flow grooves 66b are provided adjacent to the left and right ends of the flow grooves 65. These enlarged flow grooves 66b are opposed to the peripheral edge of the anode 14 and form second flow paths P2 through which water flows.
- the width W2 and the depth D2 of the enlarged flow groove 66b are, for example, W2: 5 mm and D2: 8 mm.
- the cross-sectional area of the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the 2nd flow path P2 is about 40 mm ⁇ 2 >, and is more than twice the cross-sectional area of the 1st flow path P1.
- a pair of upper and lower lateral grooves 66a are formed at the ends of the flow grooves 65 and the enlarged flow grooves 66b.
- the lateral groove 66a is a portion that receives water supply and drainage to the anode chamber 15b, and serves as a buffer portion for water pressure by providing a large capacity.
- the horizontal groove 66a functions so that the difference in the amount of flowing water between the respective circulation grooves 65 and the difference in the amount of flowing water between the right and left enlarged circulation grooves 66b are eliminated.
- a second inlet 37 is formed at the lower side of the anode cover 24 and communicates with one end of the lower lateral groove 66a.
- a second outlet 38 is formed in the upper part of the side surface of the anode cover 24 and communicates with one end of the upper lateral groove 66a.
- a water supply pipe 21a and a first drain pipe 21b are connected to the second inlet 37 and the second outlet 38, respectively.
- the cathode cover 26 is configured in the same manner as the anode cover 24 described above.
- a third inlet 39 is formed at the lower side of the cathode cover 26 and communicates with the cathode chamber 15c.
- a third outlet 41 is formed on the upper side of the cathode cover 26 and communicates with the cathode chamber 15c.
- a water supply pipe 21a and a second drain pipe 21c are connected to the third inlet 39 and the third outlet 41, respectively.
- the ions are less likely to be thinned according to the flow rate of the first flow path P1, that is, the chlorine ion concentration of the water flowing through the first flow path P1 is higher than when the second flow path P2 is not provided, and the chlorine gas is efficiently reduced. Can be generated.
- the second flow path P2 the chlorine ion concentration is lowered and the generation efficiency of chlorine gas is reduced.
- the second flow path P2 is in contact with the anode 14 as compared with the area where the first flow path P1 is in contact with the anode 14.
- hypochlorous acid water having different concentrations is obtained in the first flow path P1 and the second flow path P2, but is mixed and discharged by the lateral groove 66a.
- electrolysis efficiency is improved, and hypochlorous acid water having a sufficient chlorine concentration is obtained.
- the second flow path P2 has a high flow rate of flowing water (flowing water speed), and can increase the flow rate. Therefore, the total flow rate of water in the anode chamber 15b can be maintained at a sufficient flow rate while reducing the flow rate of the first flow path P1 that is the main generation source of hypochlorous acid water, or the total flow rate is increased. be able to.
- FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the flow rate (flow rate) of the water flowing through the first flow path P1 and the effective chlorine concentration of the generated acidic water.
- 6 L / min which is a standard flow rate
- the effective chlorine concentration during electrolysis was measured using anode chambers with different flow path structures.
- the effective chlorine concentration is as low as 70% or less. This is because when chlorine ions that have passed through the anion exchange membrane move to the anode 14, if the flow rate of water flowing through the first flow path P ⁇ b> 1 is large, the chlorine ions immediately diffuse in the water, and the vicinity of the anode 14. This is because the chlorine ion concentration in the lowers.
- a constant current is passed through the anode 14 and the amount of chlorine ions required for the reaction is insufficient, it reacts with hydroxide ions instead to generate oxygen gas. If a large amount of oxygen gas that does not contribute to the generation of hypochlorous acid is generated, the generation efficiency of the effective chlorine concentration is lowered.
- the effective chlorine concentration is as high as 70 to 80%. This is because if the flow rate is small, the diffusion of chlorine ions by water is small, so that the chlorine ion concentration in the vicinity of the anode 14 can be maintained high. If a sufficient amount of chlorine ions required for the reaction is present when a constant current is passed through the anode 14, the generation of oxygen gas, which is a side reaction, can be suppressed and the production efficiency of effective chlorine concentration can be increased.
- the area of the portion in contact with the first flow path P1 which is the main body of the reaction, is larger than the area of the portion in contact with the second flow path P2 having a large cross-sectional area. Is preferably twice or more. Since the ratio of the area in contact with the anode 14 of the first flow path P1 is relatively large, the area of the anode in contact with the high concentration chlorine ions is increased, and the effective chlorine concentration can be increased.
- the cross-sectional area of the groove forming the second flow path P2 is preferably at least twice as large as the cross-sectional area of the groove forming the first flow path P1, and more preferably at least three times.
- the relationship between the width and depth of the flow channel groove is narrower and deeper in the second flow channel P2 than in the first flow channel P1, as in the embodiment. In this case, the area where the second flow path P2 is in contact with the anode 14 can be reduced, and the influence of the efficiency reduction of the second flow path P2 can be reduced.
- the second flow path P2 having a large cross-sectional area is provided to face the peripheral edge of the anode 14 having a relatively low chlorine ion concentration. Therefore, the first flow path P1, which is the main component of the reaction, can be disposed so as to face the central portion of the anode 14 having a high chlorine ion concentration, and the efficiency of hypochlorous acid production can be increased.
- the shape of the first flow path P1 is desirably a linear flow path in order to reduce the resistance of the water flow.
- an electrolyzed water generating device in which the ion concentration is increased without reducing the flow rate of water flowing through the anode chamber, and electrolysis efficiency and electrolyzed water generation efficiency are improved. can do.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an anode cover of an electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to a modification.
- the first flow path P1 provided in the anode chamber 15b of the anode cover 24 is formed by one flow groove 65 extending in a bellows shape.
- the first flow path P1 extends over substantially the entire area of the anode chamber 15b so as to be in contact with the substantially entire area of the anode 14.
- the lower end of the first flow path P1 communicates with the lower lateral groove 66a.
- the upper end of the first flow path P1 communicates with the upper lateral groove 66a.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage.
- various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment.
- constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
- the electrolytic cell is not limited to a three-chamber type, and may have a two-chamber configuration as long as it has an anode chamber.
- the electrolytic solution may be other than salt water, and the generated electrolytic water may be electrolytic water other than hypochlorous acid water.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施形態は、電解水生成装置に関する。 Embodiment of this invention is related with an electrolyzed water generating apparatus.
近年、水を電解して様々な機能を有する電解水、例えば、アルカリイオン水、オゾン水または次亜塩素酸水などを生成する電解水生成装置が提供されている。例えば、次亜塩素酸水を生成する電解水生成装置としては、1隔膜2室型電解槽や、2隔膜3室型電解槽を有する電解装置がある。1隔膜2室型の電解槽は、陽極を収納した陽極室と陰極を収納した陰極室とを特定イオンだけ通過させる隔膜で隔てて対向させた電解槽である。1隔膜2室型の電解槽は、電解質として、たとえば塩を混ぜた水を流水させ、陽極室で酸性水を、陰極室でアルカリ性水を生成する。酸性水としては、次亜塩素酸と塩酸を混合した水、アルカリ性水としては、水酸化ナトリウム水や溶存水素を含んだ水となる。 In recent years, electrolyzed water generating apparatuses that generate electrolyzed water having various functions by electrolyzing water, such as alkaline ionized water, ozone water, or hypochlorous acid water, have been provided. For example, as an electrolyzed water generating apparatus for generating hypochlorous acid water, there is an electrolyzing apparatus having a one-diaphragm two-chamber electrolytic cell and a two-diaphragm three-chamber electrolytic cell. The one-membrane two-chamber electrolytic cell is an electrolytic cell in which an anode chamber containing an anode and a cathode chamber containing a cathode are opposed to each other with a diaphragm passing only specific ions. The one-diaphragm two-chamber type electrolytic cell, for example, flows water mixed with salt as an electrolyte, and generates acidic water in the anode chamber and alkaline water in the cathode chamber. The acidic water is water in which hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid are mixed, and the alkaline water is water containing sodium hydroxide water or dissolved hydrogen.
2隔膜3室型の電解槽では、生成された酸性水およびアルカリ性水に塩分が混入するのを防ぐため、陽極室と陰極室との間に塩水などの電解液を満たした中間室を配置し、中間室と陽極室との間を陰イオン交換膜、中間室と陰極室との間を陽イオン交換膜で隔てている。そして、塩水から電解に必要な陰イオンあるいは陽イオンだけを陽極室あるいは陰極室に通過させる構造としている。 In the two-membrane three-chamber electrolytic cell, an intermediate chamber filled with an electrolyte such as salt water is disposed between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber in order to prevent salt from being mixed into the generated acidic water and alkaline water. The intermediate chamber and the anode chamber are separated by an anion exchange membrane, and the intermediate chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by a cation exchange membrane. And only the anion or cation required for electrolysis from salt water is passed through the anode chamber or the cathode chamber.
このような電解水生成装置において、陽極室では、陰イオン交換膜を透過した塩素イオンが陽極と反応し塩素ガスを生成するが、塩素イオン濃度が低いと競合反応である酸素生成反応が起きてしまう。これを防止するため、陽極近傍での塩素イオン濃度を高める必要がある。一方、陽極室を流れる水の流水速度が速いと、電極近傍の塩素イオンが反応に寄与できずに流されてしまう。その結果、塩素濃度の低下により十分な次亜塩素酸濃度が得られず、電気分解効率が低くなる。 In such an electrolyzed water generating apparatus, in the anode chamber, chlorine ions that permeate the anion exchange membrane react with the anode to generate chlorine gas. However, when the chlorine ion concentration is low, an oxygen generating reaction that is a competitive reaction occurs. End up. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to increase the chlorine ion concentration in the vicinity of the anode. On the other hand, if the flowing speed of the water flowing through the anode chamber is high, chlorine ions near the electrode will flow without being able to contribute to the reaction. As a result, a sufficient hypochlorous acid concentration cannot be obtained due to a decrease in the chlorine concentration, and the electrolysis efficiency is lowered.
実施形態が解決しようとする課題は、電気分解効率に優れる電解水生成装置を提供することにある。 The problem to be solved by the embodiment is to provide an electrolyzed water generating apparatus having excellent electrolysis efficiency.
実施形態によれば、電解水生成装置は、第1電極および第2電極と、前記第1電極に対向し前記第1電極を覆う第1電極室と、前記第2電極に対向し前記第2電極を覆う第2電極室と、を有する電解槽を備え、前記電解槽は、前記第1電極室内に設けられそれぞれ前記第1電極に対向する複数の流路を備え、前記複数の流路は、水を第1流速で流す第1流路と、水を前記第1流速よりも早い第2流速で流す第2流路と、を有している。 According to the embodiment, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus includes a first electrode and a second electrode, a first electrode chamber facing the first electrode and covering the first electrode, and the second electrode facing the second electrode. An electrolyzer having a second electrode chamber covering the electrode, the electrolyzer comprising a plurality of channels provided in the first electrode chamber and respectively facing the first electrode, wherein the plurality of channels are A first flow path for flowing water at a first flow rate, and a second flow path for flowing water at a second flow rate faster than the first flow rate.
以下に、図面を参照しながら、種々の実施形態について説明する。なお、実施形態を通して共通の構成には同一の符号を付すものとし、重複する説明は省略する。また、各図は実施形態とその理解を促すための模式図であり、その形状や寸法、比などは実際の装置と異なる個所があるが、これらは以下の説明と公知の技術を参酌して適宜、設計変更することができる。 Hereinafter, various embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol shall be attached | subjected to a common structure through embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, each drawing is a schematic diagram for promoting the embodiment and its understanding, and its shape, dimensions, ratio, etc. are different from the actual device, but these are considered in consideration of the following description and known techniques. The design can be changed as appropriate.
(第1の実施形態)
図1は、第1の実施形態に係る電解水生成装置全体の構成を概略的に示す図である。始めに、電解水生成装置全体の構成を説明する。図1に示すように、電解水生成装置は、いわゆる3室型の電解槽11を備えている。電解槽11は、偏平な矩形箱状に形成され、その内部は、陰イオン交換膜(第1隔膜)16および陽イオン交換膜(第2隔膜)18により、中間室15aと、中間室15aの両側に位置する陽極室(第1電極室)15bおよび陰極室(第2電極室)15cとに仕切られている。陽極室15b内に陽極(第1電極)14が設けられ、陰イオン交換膜16に対向している。陰極室15c内に陰極(第2電極)20が設けられ、陽イオン交換膜18に対向している。陽極14および陰極20は、ほぼ等しい大きさの矩形板状に形成され、中間室15aを挟んで、互いに対向している。
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of the entire electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the first embodiment. First, the configuration of the entire electrolyzed water generating device will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus includes a so-called three-chamber
電解水生成装置は、電解槽11の中間室15aに電解液、例えば、飽和塩水を供給する電解液供給部19と、陽極室15bおよび陰極室15cに電解原水、例えば、水を供給する原水供給部21と、陽極14および陰極20に正電圧および負電圧をそれぞれ印加する電源23と、を備えている。
The electrolyzed water generator includes an
電解液供給部19は、飽和塩水を生成する塩水タンク25と、塩水タンク25から中間室15aの下部に飽和塩水を導く供給配管19aと、供給配管19a中に設けられた送液ポンプ29と、中間室15a内を流れた電解液を中間室15aの上部から塩水タンク25に送る排水配管19bと、を備えている。
The
原水供給部21は、水を供給する図示しない給水源と、給水源から陽極室15bおよび陰極室15cの下部に水を導く給水配管21aと、陽極室15bを流れた水を陽極室15bの上部から排出する第1排水配管21bと、陰極室15cを流れた水を陰極室15cの上部から排出する第2排水配管21cと、第2排水配管21c中に設けられた気液分離器27と、を備えている。
The raw
上記のように構成された電解水生成装置により、塩水を電解して酸性水(次亜塩素酸および塩酸)とアルカリ性水(水酸化ナトリウム)を生成する動作について説明する。 The operation of electrolyzing salt water and generating acidic water (hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid) and alkaline water (sodium hydroxide) by the electrolyzed water generating apparatus configured as described above will be described.
図1に示すように、送液ポンプ29を作動させ、電解槽11の中間室15aに飽和塩水を供給するとともに、陽極室15bおよび陰極室15cに水を給水する。同時に、電源23から正電圧および負電圧を陽極14および陰極20にそれぞれ印加する。中間室15aへ流入した塩水中において電離しているナトリウムイオンは、陰極20に引き寄せられ、陽イオン交換膜18を通過して、陰極室15cへ流入する。そして、陰極室15cにおいて、陰極20で水が電気分解されて水素ガスと水酸化ナトリウム水溶液が生成される。このようにして生成された水酸化ナトリウム水溶液および水素ガスは、陰極室15cから第2排水配管21cに流出し、気液分離器27により、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液と水素ガスとに分離される。分離された水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(アルカリ性水)は、第2排水配管21cを通って排出される。
As shown in FIG. 1, the
また、中間室15a内の塩水中において電離している塩素イオンは、陽極14に引き寄せられ、陰イオン交換膜16を通過して、陽極室15bへ流入する。そして、陽極14にて塩素イオンが還元され塩素ガスが発生する。その後、塩素ガスは陽極室15b内で水と反応して次亜塩素酸水と塩酸を生じる。このようにして生成された酸性水(次亜塩素酸水および塩酸)は、陽極室15bから第1排水配管21bを通って流出する。
Further, the chlorine ions ionized in the salt water in the
次に、電解槽11の構成をより詳細に説明する。図2は、電解槽の斜視図、図3は電解槽の分解斜視図、図4は図2の線A-Aに沿った電解槽の断面図である。
図2ないし図4に示すように、電解槽11は、隔壁として機能する矩形枠状の中間フレーム22と、中間フレーム22とほぼ等しい外径寸法を有し中間フレームの一側面を覆う矩形板状の陽極カバー(第1カバー部材)24と、中間フレーム22とほぼ等しい外径寸法を有し中間フレームの他側面を覆う矩形板状の陰極カバー(第2カバー部材)26と、を有している。中間フレーム22は、その内周面により中間室15aを形成している。陽極カバー24は、その内面に形成された凹所により陽極室15bを形成し、陰極カバー26はその内面に形成された凹所により陰極室15cを形成している。
Next, the configuration of the
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the
中間フレーム22の下端に、中間室15aに連通する第1流入口34が形成され、上端に中間室15aに連通する第1流出口36が設けられている。これら第1流入口34および第1流出口36に供給配管19aおよび排水配管19bがそれぞれ接続される。
A
中間フレーム22と陽極カバー24との間に、中間室15aと陽極室15bを隔てる第1隔膜として陰イオン交換膜16が配置されている。陽極14は、陽極室15b内に配置され、陰イオン交換膜16に近接対向している。中間フレーム22と陰極カバー26との間に第2隔膜として陽イオン交換膜18が配置され、この陽イオン交換膜18は中間室15aと陰極室15cを隔てている。陰極20は陰極室15cに配置され、陽イオン交換膜18に近接対向している。
An
各構成部材間、すなわち、陽極カバー24の周縁部と陽極14の周縁部との間、陽極14および陰イオン交換膜16の周縁部と中間フレーム22との間、中間フレーム22と陰極20および陽イオン交換膜18の周縁部との間、および、陰極20の周縁部と陰極カバー26の周縁部との間に、水漏れを防止するための面状のシール材40がそれぞれ配置されている。
Between each component, that is, between the peripheral edge of the
各構成部材の周縁部を貫通して複数の固定ボルト50が挿通され、例えば、陽極カバー24側から挿通され、その先端部が陰極カバー26から突出している。各固定ボルト50の先端部にナット52がねじ込まれている。締結部材としての固定ボルト50およびナット52により、各構成部材の周縁部同士が互いに締結され、中間室15a、電極室15b、15cの水密性を保持している。
A plurality of fixing
次に、各構成部材についてより詳細に説明する。
図2ないし図4に示すように、陰イオン交換膜16および陽イオン交換膜18は、それぞれ中間フレーム22とほぼ等しい外径を有し、膜厚が約100~200μm程度の薄い矩形平板状に形成されている。陰イオン交換膜16および陽イオン交換膜18は、特定のイオンのみを通過させる特性を有している。陰イオン交換膜16および陽イオン交換膜18の周縁部には、それぞれ固定ボルト50を挿通する複数の貫通孔が形成されている。
Next, each component will be described in more detail.
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, each of the
陰イオン交換膜16は、中間フレーム22の片面側に対向して配置され、その周縁部は、シール材40を介して、中間フレーム22に密着している。同様に、陽イオン交換膜18は、中間フレーム22の他面側に対向して配置され、その周縁部は、シール材40を介して、中間フレーム22に密着している。なお、第1隔膜および第2隔膜は、イオン交換膜に限らず、透水性を有する多孔質膜を用いてもよい。
The
陽極14および陰極20は、厚さ1mm程度の金属製の平板で形成され、中間フレーム22の外径とほぼ同一の外径を有する矩形状に形成されている。陽極14および陰極20の中央部(有効領域)には液体を通過させるための微細な貫通孔が形成され、電極の周縁部には固定ボルト50を挿通するための複数の貫通孔が形成されている。陽極14は、その一側縁から突出する接続端子14bを有している。同様に、陰極20は、その一側縁から突出する接続端子20bを有している。接続端子14b、20bは電源23に接続される。
The
陽極14は、陰イオン交換膜16に対向して配置され、陰イオン交換膜16に密着している。陰極20は、陽イオン交換膜18に対向して配置され、陽イオン交換膜18に密着している。但し、各電極とイオン交換膜との間に、不織布等の中間材を挟んでいてもよい。
The
図5は、陽極カバーの内面側を示す斜視図、図6は、陽極カバーの一部を拡大して示す斜視図である。図4ないし図6に示すように、陽極カバー24は、陽極14に対向する内面24aと、反対側の外面と、を有している。陽極カバー24の内面24aに矩形状の凹所60が形成され、この凹所60により陽極室15bを形成している。陽極室15bにはそれぞれ水を流す複数の流路が設けられている。すなわち、凹所60の底面に複数の直線状のリブ64が立設され、例えば、鉛直方向(第2方向Y)に延びている。これらのリブ64は、互いに平行に、かつ、所定の間隔を置いて、設けられている。隣合う2つのリブ64間に、それぞれ鉛直方向に延びる直線状の流通溝65が形成されている。これら複数の流通溝65は、陽極14の中央部分に対向し、それぞれ水が流れる第1流路P1を形成している。流通溝65の幅W1および深さD1は、例えば、W1:8mm、D1:2mmとしている。第1流路P1の流通方向と直交する方向の断面積は約16mm2である。
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the inner surface side of the anode cover, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of the anode cover. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the
また、陽極室15bにおいて、流通溝65の左右端に隣接して拡大流通溝66bが設けられている。これら拡大流通溝66bは、陽極14の周縁部に対向し、それぞれ水が流れる第2流路P2を形成している。拡大流通溝66bの幅W2および深さD2は、例えば、W2:5mm、D2:8mmとしている。これにより、第2流路P2の流通方向と直交する方向の断面積は約40mm2であり、第1流路P1の断面積の2倍以上としている。
In the
更に、陽極室15bにおいて、流通溝65と拡大流通溝66bの端部には上下一対の横溝66aが形成されている。横溝66aは、陽極室15bへの給水と排水を受ける部分であり、大きな容量を持たせることで水圧の緩衝部分となっている。これにより、横溝66aは、各流通溝65間での流水量の差、および、左右の拡大流通溝66b間での流水量の差が無くなるように機能している。
Furthermore, in the
陽極カバー24の側面下部に第2流入口37が形成され、下側の横溝66aの一端に連通している。陽極カバー24の側面上部に第2流出口38が形成され、上側の横溝66aの一端に連通している。これら第2流入口37および第2流出口38に給水配管21aおよび第1排水配管21bがそれぞれ接続される。
A
図3および図4に示すように、本実施形態では、陰極カバー26は、前述した陽極カバー24と同様に構成されている。陰極カバー26の側面下部に第3流入口39が形成され陰極室15cに連通している。陰極カバー26の側面上部に第3流出口41が形成され、陰極室15cに連通している。これら第3流入口39および第3流出口41に給水配管21aおよび第2排水配管21cがそれぞれ接続される。
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the
以上のように構成された電解槽11において、電解動作時、給水配管21aから第2流入口37を通して陽極室15bに供給された水は、図7に矢印で示すように、横溝66a内に拡がり、第1流路P1と第2流路P2に分流する。このとき、上述したように第1流路P1の断面積が第2流路P2の断面積より相対的に小さいため、断面積比率に応じて第1流路P1で流水量が小さくなり、第2流路P2で流水量が大きくなるように分流する。すなわち、第1流路P1の流速は第2流路P2の流速より遅くなる。流入した水は、陽極17に接触しながら第1流路P1および第2流路P2を通って流れた後、上側の横溝66aで合流し、第2流出口38から第1排水配管21bに送られる。
In the
このように、陽極14の大部分、特に、中央部分と対向する第1流路P1を通して比較的遅い第1流速(流水速度)で水を流すことにより、陰イオン交換膜16を透過してきた塩素イオンが第1流路P1の流速に従って薄まり難くなり、すなわち、第1流路P1を流れる水の塩素イオン濃度が第2流路P2を設けないときに比較して高まり、塩素ガスを効率的に生成することができる。一方、第2流路P2では逆に塩素イオン濃度が低くなり塩素ガスの生成効率が低下するが、第1流路P1が陽極14に接する面積に比べて第2流路P2が陽極14に接する面積が小さいため、相対的に第1流路P1での生成効率向上効果が全体効率を支配することになる。また、第1流路P1と第2流路P2では濃度の違う次亜塩素酸水が得られるが、横溝66aにより混合され排出される。その結果、電気分解効率が向上し、充分な塩素濃度を有する次亜塩素酸水が得られる。また、第2流路P2は、流れる水の流速(流水速度)が早く、流量を大きくすることができる。そのため、次亜塩素酸水の生成主体となる第1流路P1の流速を小さくしつつ、陽極室15b内の水の全流量を充分な流量に保つことができ、あるいは、トータルの流量を増やすことができる。
Thus, the chlorine which has permeated the
図8は、第1流路P1を流れる水の流速(流量)と生成された酸性水の有効塩素濃度との関係を示している。本実施形態では、陽極室15bに標準流量である6L/分の水を流した時に、第1流路P1を流れる水の流量と、断面積の大きい第2流路P2を流れる水の流量と、が異なる流路構造の陽極室を用いて、電解時の有効塩素濃度を測定した。
FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the flow rate (flow rate) of the water flowing through the first flow path P1 and the effective chlorine concentration of the generated acidic water. In the present embodiment, when 6 L / min, which is a standard flow rate, flows through the
図8に示すように、第1流路P1を流れる水の流量が4L/min以上と大きい場合、有効塩素濃度は70%以下と低くなる。これは、陰イオン交換膜を透過した塩素イオンが陽極14に移動したときに、第1流路P1に流れる水の流量が大きいと、塩素イオンがすぐに水で拡散してしまい、陽極14近傍での塩素イオン濃度が低下するためである。陽極14に定電流を流した時に、反応に必要な量の塩素イオンが不足すると、代わりに水酸化物イオンと反応して酸素ガスが発生する。次亜塩素酸の生成に寄与しない酸素ガスが大量に発生すると有効塩素濃度の生成効率が低下してしまう。
As shown in FIG. 8, when the flow rate of water flowing through the first flow path P1 is as large as 4 L / min or more, the effective chlorine concentration is as low as 70% or less. This is because when chlorine ions that have passed through the anion exchange membrane move to the
一方、図8に示すように、第1流路P1を流れる水の流量が4L/min以下と少ない場合、有効塩素濃度は70~80%と高くなる。これは、流量が少ないと、水による塩素イオンの拡散が小さいため、陽極14近傍での塩素イオン濃度を高く維持できるためである。陽極14に定電流を流した時、反応に必要な十分の量の塩素イオンがあれば、副反応である酸素ガス発生が抑えられ、有効塩素濃度の生成効率を高めることができる。
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, when the flow rate of the water flowing through the first flow path P1 is as low as 4 L / min or less, the effective chlorine concentration is as high as 70 to 80%. This is because if the flow rate is small, the diffusion of chlorine ions by water is small, so that the chlorine ion concentration in the vicinity of the
第1流路P1および第2流路P2に対向する陽極14において、反応の主体となる第1流路P1に接する部分の面積は、断面積の大きい第2流路P2に接する部分の面積よりも2倍以上大きいことが望ましい。第1流路P1の陽極14に接する面積の割合が相対的に大きくなることで、高濃度の塩素イオンと接する陽極面積が大きくなり、有効塩素濃度を上げることができる。
In the
陽極室15b内を流れる水のトータル流量を増やすためには、第2流路P2の断面積を増やす必要があり、第2流路P2を形成している溝を深くすることで対応できる。溝深さD2を深くすることで、第2流路P2の断面積を大きくしつつ、陽極14に接する面積を減らすことができる。これにより、相対的に、第1流路P1の陽極14に接する面積を増やすことができ、次亜塩素酸水の生成効率を上げることができる。第2流路P2を形成している溝の断面積は、第1流路P1を形成している溝の断面積の2倍以上であることが好ましく、3倍以上であるとより望ましい。実施形態では、浅い第1流路P1の断面積を8mm×2mm=16mm2とし、深い第2流路P2の断面積を5mm×8mm=40mm2としている。また、流路溝の幅と深さの関係は、実施形態のように、第2流路P2において、第1流路P1よりも幅を狭く深さを深くしている。この場合、第2流路P2が陽極14に接する面積を小さくし、第2流路P2の効率低下の影響を小さくすることができる。
In order to increase the total flow rate of the water flowing in the
断面積の大きい第2流路P2は、比較的塩素イオン濃度の低い陽極14の周縁部に対向して設けられている。そのため、反応の主体となる第1流路P1を塩素イオン濃度の高い陽極14の中央部に対向するように配置することができ、次亜塩素酸生成効率を上げることができる。第1流路P1の形状は、水流の抵抗を減らすために、直線状の流路であることが望ましい。
The second flow path P2 having a large cross-sectional area is provided to face the peripheral edge of the
以上のことから、第1の実施形態によれば、陽極室を流れる水の流量を低減することなくイオン濃度を高くし、電気分解効率および電解水の生成効率が向上した電解水生成装置を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the first embodiment, there is provided an electrolyzed water generating device in which the ion concentration is increased without reducing the flow rate of water flowing through the anode chamber, and electrolysis efficiency and electrolyzed water generation efficiency are improved. can do.
次に、変形例に係る電解水生成装置について説明する。なお、以下に説明する変形例において、前述した第1の実施形態と同一の部分には、同一の参照符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略し、第1の実施形態と異なる部分を中心に詳しく説明する。 Next, an electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to a modification will be described. In the modification described below, the same parts as those of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description thereof is omitted, and the parts different from those of the first embodiment are mainly described. This will be explained in detail.
図9は、変形例に係る電解水生成装置の陽極カバーを示す斜視図である。この図に示すように、変形例によれば、陽極カバー24の陽極室15bに設けられた第1流路P1は、蛇腹状に延びる1本の流通溝65により形成されている。第1流路P1は、陽極14のほぼ全域に接するように、陽極室15bのほぼ全域に亘って延在している。また、第1流路P1の下端は、下側の横溝66aに連通している。第1流路P1の上端は、上側の横溝66aに連通している。
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an anode cover of an electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to a modification. As shown in this figure, according to the modification, the first flow path P1 provided in the
上記のように構成された変形例においても、前述した第1の実施形態と同様の作用効果を得ることができる。すなわち、第1流路P1を長さの長い一本の流路とした場合でも、第1流路P1を流れる水の流速を低くし流量を少なくすることができる。 Also in the modified example configured as described above, it is possible to obtain the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment described above. That is, even when the first flow path P1 is a single long flow path, the flow rate of the water flowing through the first flow path P1 can be reduced and the flow rate can be reduced.
本発明は上述した実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合わせにより、種々の発明を形成できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。さらに、異なる実施形態にわたる構成要素を適宜組み合わせてもよい。
例えば、電解槽は3室型に限定されることなく、陽極室を有するものであれば、2室型の構成としてもよい。電解液は塩水以外のものでもよく、生成する電解水も次亜塩素酸水以外の電解水でもよい。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
For example, the electrolytic cell is not limited to a three-chamber type, and may have a two-chamber configuration as long as it has an anode chamber. The electrolytic solution may be other than salt water, and the generated electrolytic water may be electrolytic water other than hypochlorous acid water.
Claims (11)
前記電解槽は、前記第1電極室内に設けられそれぞれ前記第1電極に対向する複数の流路を備え、前記複数の流路は、水を第1流速で流す第1流路と、水を前記第1流速よりも早い第2流速で流す第2流路と、を有している電解水生成装置。 Electrolysis having a first electrode and a second electrode, a first electrode chamber facing the first electrode and covering the first electrode, and a second electrode chamber facing the second electrode and covering the second electrode Equipped with a tank,
The electrolytic cell includes a plurality of flow paths provided in the first electrode chamber and facing the first electrodes, the plurality of flow paths including a first flow path for flowing water at a first flow rate, and water. An electrolyzed water generating device comprising: a second flow path that flows at a second flow rate that is faster than the first flow rate.
前記第1電極室に複数の流路を設け、第1流路を主体となる流路とし、第2流路を断面積の大きい流路とすることを特徴とする電解水生成装置。 An intermediate chamber; a first electrode chamber having a first electrode partitioned by a first diaphragm in one of the intermediate chambers; a second electrode chamber having a second electrode partitioned by a second diaphragm in the other of the intermediate chambers; In an electrolyzed water generating device that generates an acidic water and an alkaline water by flowing an electrolyte in the intermediate chamber and flowing water in the first electrode chamber and the second electrode chamber,
An electrolyzed water generating device characterized in that a plurality of channels are provided in the first electrode chamber, the first channel is a main channel, and the second channel is a channel having a large cross-sectional area.
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| JP2015-005011 | 2015-01-14 | ||
| JP2015005011A JP2018030042A (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2015-01-14 | Electrolytic water generator |
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| CN119491243A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2025-02-21 | 无锡美芝电器有限公司 | Hydrogen peroxide generating device and its application |
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| JP7169021B1 (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-11-10 | 株式会社アクト | generator |
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| JP2018030042A (en) | 2018-03-01 |
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