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WO2016173743A1 - Amélioration des propriétés ignifuges du bois - Google Patents

Amélioration des propriétés ignifuges du bois Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173743A1
WO2016173743A1 PCT/EP2016/054230 EP2016054230W WO2016173743A1 WO 2016173743 A1 WO2016173743 A1 WO 2016173743A1 EP 2016054230 W EP2016054230 W EP 2016054230W WO 2016173743 A1 WO2016173743 A1 WO 2016173743A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wood
coating formulation
coating
polymer material
major surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2016/054230
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Simon ARBACHE
Fraser PEETT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PFS COATINGS Ltd
Original Assignee
PFS COATINGS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PFS COATINGS Ltd filed Critical PFS COATINGS Ltd
Priority to EP16706877.4A priority Critical patent/EP3288732A1/fr
Publication of WO2016173743A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173743A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0214—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/163—Compounds of boron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/166—Compounds of phosphorus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/20—Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/32—Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
    • C09K21/04—Inorganic materials containing phosphorus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for improving fire retardant properties of an item of wood, and to an item of wood having at least a major surface with fire-retardant properties.
  • Various standards are recognised in the timber and building industries for fire retardant properties of timber for use in building. It is particularly desirable that wood meet the Class B fire retardancy standard, as tested under BS EN
  • This Single Burning Item (SBI) test simulates the conditions experienced by a construction product in the corner of a room, when exposed to the thermal attack of a single burning item positioned in that corner.
  • SBI Single Burning Item
  • the DoP is created and owned by the manufacturer and passed on to any subsequent owners so long as the product itself has not been changed in any way.
  • EN 13986:2004 is the harmonised European standard for wood -based panels. It defines the performance characteristic and test methods for wood-based panels (including plywood, oriented strand board, and laminated veneer lumber) enabling their use in construction applications.
  • a series of tables lists the relevant performance characteristics for load-bearing (structural) and non-structural applications in the three service environments: dry, humid and exterior.
  • FR fire retardant
  • US 2005/0217537 discloses a composition for rendering a material flame retardant and resistant to moulds and insects.
  • the composition comprises a metallic borate, a methyl donor, an acid, an alcohol, and an ammonium base.
  • boric acid or borate may be provided in an ammoniated salt, which is particularly water soluble and also provides an ammonium source.
  • the adjuvant may comprise one or more of: a glycol, a hydrotrope, and a surfactant.
  • a glycol e.g., a glycol
  • hydrotrope e.g., a hydrotrope
  • surfactant e.g., a surfactant for aqueous solutions.
  • hydrotropes consist of a hydrophilic part and a hydrophobic part (like surfactants) but the hydrophobic part is generally too small to cause spontaneous self-aggregation
  • the second coating formulation provides a film which we refer to as a MicroBarrier. Without wishing to be bound by theory, we believe that application of the MicroBarrier seals salts therein by creating a hydrophobic and moisture- resistant film, aiding retention of salts within a matrix in the wood.
  • the first formulation and the second formulation may be coated onto the wood surface by any suitable application techniques, notably by spray application or by roller application.
  • Solution 1 containing boric acid and diammoniunn phosphate was prepared follows.
  • a first coating formulation was prepared by mixing Solution 1 and Solution 2 in a 95:5 volume ratio (1 16.7:4.85 weight ratio). Moderate agitation was maintained throughout the process to prevent phase separation.
  • a second coating formulation was prepared as follows. Chemical name EC /CAS Number Content
  • Example 1 The first coating formulation was spray coated onto a substrate of Wisa Finnish Spruce Plywood 2440 mm x 1220 mm (8' x 4') 18 mm thick, 7 veneer, under the conditions summarised in Table 1 .
  • Ambient temperature and relative humidity may require the specifications to be changed. Increase / modify the combination dryer as necessary to yield a dry wood at the end.
  • Weight increase of a 2440 mm x 1220 mm (8' x 4') board is 772.95 g / board ⁇ 14.9 grams
  • Randomised wood moisture content must be no more than 20% measured using a wood moisture meter. If necessary, the wood is dried to a moisture content of no more than 20%, preferably about 15%.
  • the same process is repeated for the second pass, with measured moisture content of the wood being no more than 20%, preferably about 15%, prior to the second coating pass.
  • the panel is rotated, and Surface 2 is treated with the same two-pass coating process as was done for Surface 1 .
  • each coating pass applies the first coating formulation at a rate of about 260 g/m 2 .
  • the second coating formulation is applied to each major surface of the wood, in this example using the process conditions summarised in Table 2. It is important to control the moisture content, because we have found that high surface moisture hinders the MicroBarrier from adhering to the surface. With too high a moisture content prior to coating, the MicroBarrier may flake off after drying. Machine specifications:
  • Weight increase of 2440 mm x 1220 mm (8' x 4') board is 297.3 g / board ⁇ 14.9 grams;
  • Wood treated in accordance with the method of the invention was compliant with BS EN 13823:2010 and also with BS EN ISO 1 1925-2:2010, which describes methods of test for evaluating linear joint (gap) seals. It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the use of only two applications of the first coating formulation. If desired, further coatings of the first coating formulation may be applied, with drying between the further applications if necessary, to ensure that the moisture content of the wood is no more than 20%, prior to application of the second coating formulation.
  • the preferred first coating formulation is a blend of about 0.9 % B, about 7.0 % N and about 7.73 % P, though the invention is not limited to these ratios. The relative ratios make a significant impact on the fire retardant performance.
  • styrene-butadiene copolymers as the MicroBarrier provide an optimum performance compared to all other options.
  • Polyacrylate adhesives for example can impart the binding and durability properties required; however the wood panels will be glued together and prevent use.
  • Polyurethanes could also be used; however this was not a viable option for the methods of use of the present examples.
  • Vinyl chloride was also tested; however this was grossly incompatible with all chemistry tested. It was also on a list of restricted substances. Additives could have been added to impart fire retardance by making use of the halogen; however this would have increased smoke output and made the product not suitable for indoor use.
  • Styrene-Butadiene copolymers can have a range of properties depending on the ratio of styrene to butadiene monomers, as well as whether the product is post- modified.
  • the grade chosen provides a non-tacky finish, hydrophobic finish and good adhesion into the wood, without increasing smoke output. It also did not cause flaming droplets, something that foaming MicroBarriers such as
  • polyurethane could have caused.
  • a zinc salt notably zinc oxide in the second coating formulation as it promotes the crosslinking of the butadiene component of the styrene-butadiene copolymers upon drying, and reduces tackiness.
  • Silicon dioxide has reported uses in providing surface hydrophobicity, and further improving the durability of the fire retardant.
  • Titanium dioxide albeit in small quantities, provides UV protection and prevents the long term photolysis of the styrene-butadiene copolymer.
  • Styrene-butadiene is a very large chromophore, conjugated or not depending on the molecular construct, and some protection against UV damage is desirable.
  • Boron will react with hydroxyl (-OH) functional groups of cellulose in wood.
  • the chemical reaction endothermic
  • Boron (as boric or borate species) will also catalyse the dehydration of wood, catalysing the char formation if synergistic substances (e.g phosphate, PO 4 3" ) are present.
  • Phosphate species e.g. ammonium phosphate
  • Ammonium phosphate will also release ammonia gas (see below).
  • the phosphoric acid will extract water from the pyrolysing substrate, causing char build-up.
  • This mechanism is a combination of dehydration of cellulose (-OH groups) by forming ester bonds, similar to boron, decomposition and release of char (i.e. carbon material).
  • Phosphate-based fire retardants act directly in the pyrolysing stage of fire, reducing the available flammable gas to continue propagation and forming a protective char layer.
  • the char layer provides a non-combustible thermally insulating layer.
  • Nitrogen is present in the formulation in its ammoniacal (NH + ) form. Unlike the other components, ammonia has a diluent property only. Exposure to high temperatures will cause degradation of the ammonia salts (endothermic) and release of ammonia gas which dilutes the flammable gases. The nitrogen could be present as an amine group, such as those found in Melamine, which can then decompose to yield ammonia. Structural Integrity
  • Non-factory production FR 'systems' such as intumescent paints are able to claim FR efficacy but these coatings are applied after the boards have been used within the build environment over which there is far less control in the application and the actual classification offered is usually flawed by this.
  • Durability Durability is determined by TS 15912:2012 - Durability of reaction to fire performance - Classes of fire-retardant wood-based product in interior and exterior end use applications. This standard is due to be adopted as EN16755 after a public consultation period has been completed. Wood treated according to the present invention has been tested and demonstrated INT2 Durability: for permanent use in interior applications and certain protected exterior applications, service class 2 (eg wall and ceiling products).

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant d'améliorer les propriétés ignifuges d'un article en bois, consistant à : a) fournir un article en bois à traiter ; b) si le bois a une teneur en humidité supérieure à 20 %, sécher le bois de sorte qu'il présente une teneur en humidité inférieure ou égale à 20 % ; c) revêtir une première surface principale de l'article en bois avec une première formulation de revêtement comprenant une solution aqueuse contenant de l'acide borique ou un sel de celui-ci, un sel d'amine ou d'ammonium, et un phosphate ; d) répéter les étapes b) et c) et b) ; puis e) revêtir la première surface principale avec une seconde formulation de revêtement comprenant un matériau polymère filmogène dans un support aqueux.
PCT/EP2016/054230 2015-04-29 2016-02-29 Amélioration des propriétés ignifuges du bois Ceased WO2016173743A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16706877.4A EP3288732A1 (fr) 2015-04-29 2016-02-29 Amélioration des propriétés ignifuges du bois

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1507324.0 2015-04-29
GB1507324.0A GB2538060B (en) 2015-04-29 2015-04-29 Improving fire retardant properties of wood

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016173743A1 true WO2016173743A1 (fr) 2016-11-03

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PCT/EP2016/054230 Ceased WO2016173743A1 (fr) 2015-04-29 2016-02-29 Amélioration des propriétés ignifuges du bois

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3288732A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2538060B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016173743A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018191181A1 (fr) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-18 University Of Maryland, College Park Matériaux en bois structuraux forts et résistants, et procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation desdits matériaux
IT201900012156A1 (it) 2019-07-17 2021-01-17 Sherwin Williams Italy S R L Composizione di rivestimento reticolabile ritardante di fiamma
US11015081B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2021-05-25 Polymer Solutions Group Fine particle size boric acid/urea dispersion, method of use in engineered wood product manufacture, method of coating wood products and product therefrom
US11274439B2 (en) * 2017-05-31 2022-03-15 Awi Licensing Llc Flame retardant clear coatings for building panels
CN114800756A (zh) * 2022-05-12 2022-07-29 潘春娟 一种阻燃防霉复合地板及其制备方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5871817A (en) * 1993-01-13 1999-02-16 New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd. Liquid boron preservative process
WO2005087462A1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-22 Betanix Coatings, Inc. Formulations et procedes pour ignifuger des materiaux et les proteger contre les moisissures et les insectes

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE789815A (fr) * 1970-03-27 1973-04-06 Stauffer Chemical Co Vinylphosphonates copolycondenses et leur utilisation comme agents retardant l'inflammation
US4153466A (en) * 1977-10-25 1979-05-08 The Dow Chemical Company Compositions comprising phosphate salts of poly-2-oxazoline and fire retardant formulations
DK0531551T3 (da) * 1991-04-04 1998-05-25 Azu Kk Træbehandlingsmiddel, behandlet træ og fremgangsmåde til træbehandling
JP2005271309A (ja) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-06 Gunma Prefecture 難燃処理木材及びその製造方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5871817A (en) * 1993-01-13 1999-02-16 New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd. Liquid boron preservative process
WO2005087462A1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-22 Betanix Coatings, Inc. Formulations et procedes pour ignifuger des materiaux et les proteger contre les moisissures et les insectes

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018191181A1 (fr) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-18 University Of Maryland, College Park Matériaux en bois structuraux forts et résistants, et procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation desdits matériaux
US11130256B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2021-09-28 University Of Maryland, College Park Strong and tough structural wood materials, and methods for fabricating and use thereof
US11554514B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2023-01-17 University Of Maryland, College Park Strong and tough structural wood materials, and methods for fabricating and use thereof
US12285882B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2025-04-29 University Of Maryland, College Park Strong and tough structural wood materials, and methods for fabricating and use thereof
US11274439B2 (en) * 2017-05-31 2022-03-15 Awi Licensing Llc Flame retardant clear coatings for building panels
US12410610B2 (en) 2017-05-31 2025-09-09 Awi Licensing Llc Flame retardant clear coatings for building panels
US11015081B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2021-05-25 Polymer Solutions Group Fine particle size boric acid/urea dispersion, method of use in engineered wood product manufacture, method of coating wood products and product therefrom
IT201900012156A1 (it) 2019-07-17 2021-01-17 Sherwin Williams Italy S R L Composizione di rivestimento reticolabile ritardante di fiamma
CN114800756A (zh) * 2022-05-12 2022-07-29 潘春娟 一种阻燃防霉复合地板及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2538060B (en) 2017-04-19
GB2538060A8 (en) 2016-11-30
GB2538060A (en) 2016-11-09
GB201507324D0 (en) 2015-06-10
EP3288732A1 (fr) 2018-03-07

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