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WO2016171366A1 - Dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement et procédé s'y rapportant - Google Patents

Dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement et procédé s'y rapportant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016171366A1
WO2016171366A1 PCT/KR2015/013472 KR2015013472W WO2016171366A1 WO 2016171366 A1 WO2016171366 A1 WO 2016171366A1 KR 2015013472 W KR2015013472 W KR 2015013472W WO 2016171366 A1 WO2016171366 A1 WO 2016171366A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
hydrocarbon
selective reduction
reduction catalyst
scr
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2015/013472
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이대훈
송영훈
김관태
변성현
조성권
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM
Original Assignee
Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020150096678A external-priority patent/KR20170006162A/ko
Application filed by Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM filed Critical Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM
Publication of WO2016171366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016171366A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus and a method for simplifying the exhaust gas aftertreatment system.
  • the configuration of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is complicated and bulky.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment device may include a urea water selective catalytic reduction (SCR) for supplying ammonia to remove NOx.
  • SCR urea water selective catalytic reduction
  • the urea water storage device, the urea water decomposition device and An additional urea water injection device is needed.
  • DOC diesel exhaust catalyst
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • SCR selective catalytic reduction
  • AOC ammonia oxidation catalyst
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment device increases the manufacturing cost by additional devices connected to the urea water SCR to remove NOx, and requires a large installation space.
  • small and medium-sized vehicles remove nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas of the engine, adopt a nitrogen oxide occlusion catalyst (LNT, lean NOx trap), or urea water selective catalytic catalyst (Urea SCR, selective catalytic) reduction is adopted.
  • LNT nitrogen oxide occlusion catalyst
  • Urea SCR urea water selective catalytic catalyst
  • the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst occupies NOx due to the characteristics of the engine during lean burn conditions of the engine, and periodically forms a rich burn condition in the engine to reduce NOx that is desorbed.
  • the fuel may be additionally injected after combustion of the equivalence ratio in the engine to form a reducing agent in the LNT, or by installing a separate fuel injector in the exhaust pipe and injecting the fuel in front of the LNT as the reducing agent.
  • LNT nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
  • urea water selective reduction catalyst Urea SCR
  • Urea SCR urea water selective reduction catalyst
  • a separate urea tank and a urea injector are required, and in some cases, a hydrolysis reactor for separating ammonia (NH 3 ) from urea water may be required.
  • a hydrolysis reactor for separating ammonia (NH 3 ) from urea water may be required.
  • the urea selective reduction catalyst Urea SCR
  • the price of the device may be increased and the installation space of the device may be increased in a vehicle.
  • One aspect of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus that simplifies the exhaust gas after-treatment system to reduce manufacturing costs and reduce installation space.
  • an exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus that reduces the fuel economy of the engine and the burden on the engine, secures a high denitrification rate, and has a denitrification performance even at low temperature conditions.
  • Another aspect of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas after-treatment method for the post-treatment of the exhaust gas of the engine using the exhaust gas after-treatment device.
  • Exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus an exhaust pipe for circulating the exhaust gas of the engine, a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) provided in the exhaust pipe to remove nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas, and the And a plasma reactor connected to the exhaust pipe between the engine and the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst to reform fuel to produce a reductant of hydrogen and hydrocarbon (HC) species or to combust the fuel.
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • the exhaust pipe further includes a particulate particulate filter (DPF, diesel particulate filter) for trapping and burning particulate matter (PM, particulate matter) contained in the exhaust gas, the particulate filter is the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst It is built.
  • DPF particulate particulate filter
  • PM particulate matter
  • the hydrocarbon may have a carbon number of C1 to C11.
  • the soot filtration filter includes a case connected to the exhaust pipe, a ceramic carrier embedded in the case and forming an exhaust gas passage, and a plug alternately closing both ends of the ceramic carrier, and the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC).
  • SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • Exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus may further include a selective reduction catalyst (SCR) provided in the exhaust pipe at the rear of the smoke filter.
  • SCR selective reduction catalyst
  • Exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus is provided in the exhaust pipe behind the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst, the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst for removing the nitrogen oxide remaining in the exhaust gas via the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst It may further include (LNT).
  • the hydrocarbon may have a carbon number of C1 to C5.
  • Exhaust gas after-treatment method by supplying fuel and air to the plasma reactor in the normal operation mode to reform the fuel to the first calorific value (partial oxidation conditions) selectively hydrocarbon (HC) species (species) ) And a first step of producing a large amount of hydrogen, a second step of supplying the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species on a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) provided in the soot filtration filter (DPF), the normal operation
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • DPF soot filtration filter
  • the first step may produce hydrocarbon (HC) species having a carbon number of C 1 to C 11 and hydrogen to partially oxidize or decompose light oil to function as a reducing agent.
  • HC hydrocarbon
  • the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species may act as a reducing agent on the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) included in exhaust gas to nitrogen (N 2 ).
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • the particulate matter accumulated on the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) of the particulate filter (DPF) by a combustion reaction by increasing the ratio of fuel to air in the plasma reactor compared to the normal operation mode ( PM) can be removed by burning.
  • the first step of producing a large amount of hydrocarbon (HC) species and hydrogen by reforming the fuel by supplying fuel and air to the reformer in lean combustion conditions The second step of supplying the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species to the selective catalytic reduction (HC SCR) for circulating the exhaust gas, the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst disposed behind the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) ( LNT) circulating the exhaust gas via the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst in step 3 ′, and the fourth step of switching to lean combustion conditions after the engine operation is switched to rich combustion conditions after a predetermined time in lean combustion conditions. It includes.
  • the hydrogen and the hydrocarbon (HC) species having a carbon number of C1 to C5 and hydrogen acting as a reducing agent may be produced by partially oxidizing or cracking the diesel oil.
  • the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species act as a reducing agent on the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR), so that the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas ( NOx) can be reduced to nitrogen (N 2 ).
  • the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas may be occluded in the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst LNT.
  • one embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst in a soot filtration filter, and reforms the fuel in a plasma reactor to selectively produce hydrogen and hydrocarbon species (repeating agents) or produce a high temperature. It is possible to remove nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst with a reforming agent modified at, and to oxidatively remove particulate matter of the soot filtration filter at high temperature in the particulate matter removal mode.
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • one embodiment of the present invention can remove additional devices of the prior art for removing NOx contained in exhaust gas. That is, the manufacturing cost of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is lowered and the installation space may be reduced when applied to a vehicle.
  • the exhaust pipe is equipped with a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) and nitrogen oxide storage catalyst (LNT) in sequence, and the reducing agent of the hydrogen and hydrocarbon species modified in the reformer is a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) to remove nitrogen oxides, thereby reducing the fuel economy and engine burden.
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • LNT nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
  • the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) is activated during daily operation to reduce nitrogen oxide discharged from the engine, and only nitrogen oxide that is not reduced in the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) is occluded. It is possible to significantly increase the reduction operation cycle of the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst by occluding in the catalyst (LNT), and also through nitrogen oxide storage catalyst in low temperature conditions where the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) is not activated, such as cold startup. By occluding the oxide, it is possible to secure a means for removing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas under any conditions. That is, the denitrification performance can be ensured even at low temperature conditions.
  • the fuel efficiency of the engine can be improved and the burden on the engine can be reduced compared to the existing oxide removing device.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the plasma reactor applied to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) applied to FIG. 1.
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust gas post-treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the exhaust gas after-treatment method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a graph comparing the denitrification performance according to another embodiment of the present invention and the prior art.
  • Plug 37 Hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR)
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus 1 includes an exhaust pipe 20 through which exhaust gas from the engine 10 flows, and a soot filtration filter (DPF, diesel) provided in the exhaust pipe 20. particulate filter 30 and plasma reactor 40.
  • DPF soot filtration filter
  • the soot filtration filter 30 is installed in the exhaust pipe 20 to collect particulate matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas while circulating the exhaust gas.
  • the soot filtration filter 30 removes nitrogen oxides with a reducing agent of hydrogen and hydrocarbon (HC) species supplied from the plasma reactor 40, and burns particulate matter at a high temperature supplied from the plasma reactor 40. It is configured to be removable.
  • the plasma reactor 40 is connected to the exhaust pipe 20 between the engine 10 and the soot filtration filter 30 to reform the fuel to produce a reducing agent of hydrogen and hydrocarbon species, or to burn the fuel. It is configured to produce high temperatures.
  • the hydrocarbon species may have a carbon number of C1 to C11.
  • the plasma reactor 40 produces a reducing agent under the first calorific value corresponding to the partial oxidation condition by supplying an air amount smaller than the combustion condition, or generates combustion heat generated by supplying excess air than the reducing agent producing condition as the second calorific value condition. It is supplied to the soot filtration filter 30 to burn particulate matter.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the plasma reactor applied to FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, the plasma reactor 40 generates a plasma to produce a reducing agent from the fuel and supplies it to the soot filtration filter 30, thereby removing the NOx contained in the exhaust gas from the soot filtration filter 30. .
  • the plasma reactor 40 may be configured to generate plasma with a rotating flow arc.
  • the plasma reactor 40 includes a housing 41 connected to the exhaust pipe 20, and an electrode 42 embedded in the housing 41 and forming a discharge gap G between the inner surface of the housing 41. ).
  • a rotating flow arc is generated in the discharge gap G using an oxidant (gas or gas containing oxygen) as the discharge gas.
  • an oxidant gas or gas containing oxygen
  • the fuel is reformed with a reducing agent of hydrogen and hydrocarbon (HC) species or burned to a high temperature and ejected out of the housing 41.
  • the insulating member 43 electrically insulates the housing 41 and the electrode 42, thereby enabling the generation of an arc in the discharge gap G.
  • the housing 41 includes an oxidant supply port 44 for supplying an oxidant between the insulating member 43 and the discharge gap G, and supplies a surge chamber 45 connected to the oxidant supply port 44 to the oxidant supply port. It is provided in the outskirts of (44).
  • the oxidant supply port 44 is formed in a tangential direction from the housing 41 toward the electrode 42 (not shown) to induce a rotational flow of the oxidant supplied into the housing 41.
  • the surge chamber 45 temporarily stores the supplied oxidant to make the amount of the oxidant rotated and supplied to the plurality of oxidant supply ports 44 uniform.
  • the housing 41 also includes a fuel supply port 46 in a cylinder corresponding to the end of the electrode 42.
  • the fuel supply port 46 may supply a part of the fuel supplied to the engine 10.
  • the plasma reactor 40 produces a reducing agent of hydrogen and hydrocarbon (HC) species in a plasma reaction by a rotary flow arc of the fuel supplied to the fuel supply port 46 and the oxidant supplied to the oxidant supply port 44, or the fuel By burning it to produce high temperature. Since the housing 41 of the plasma reactor 40 is connected to the exhaust pipe 20, the generated reducing agent or high temperature is supplied to the soot filtration filter 30 through the exhaust pipe 20.
  • HC hydrogen and hydrocarbon
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) applied to FIG. 1.
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • a soot filtration filter (DPF) 30 incorporates a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 for circulating exhaust gas.
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • the soot filtration filter 30 includes a case 31 connected to the exhaust pipe 20, a ceramic carrier 32 embedded in the case 31 and forming an exhaust gas passage P, and both ends of the ceramic carrier 32. And a plug 33 which alternately closes.
  • the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 may be formed as a coating layer on the exhaust gas passage P wall of the ceramic carrier 32. Therefore, the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37 does not occupy a separate installation space and does not increase the volume of the soot filtration filter 30.
  • the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 may be formed of Ag / Al 2 O 3 or Cu / Zeolite.
  • a reducing agent of hydrogen and hydrocarbon (HC) species generated in the first calorific value in the plasma reactor 40 is supplied to the soot filtration filter 30 so that the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 is exhaust gas.
  • the NOx contained in the denitration acts to convert N 2.
  • the plasma reactor 40 and the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37 can reduce manufacturing costs and installation space by eliminating additional components for removing nitrogen oxides.
  • the high temperature generated by the second calorific value in the plasma reactor 40 is supplied to the soot filtration filter 30 to burn off particulate matter deposited in the exhaust gas passage P.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment further includes a selective reduction catalyst (SCR) 60 in the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus 1 of the first embodiment.
  • SCR selective reduction catalyst
  • the selective reduction catalyst (SCR) 60 is installed in the exhaust pipe 20 at the rear of the soot filtration filter 30, and the denitrification action of the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 provided in the soot filtration filter 30 is provided. In addition, it is possible to give a denitrification ability to further remove residual nitrogen oxides.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus 3 includes a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) provided in the exhaust pipe 20 through which the exhaust gas of the engine 10 flows, and the exhaust pipe 20. ) 37, nitrogen oxide storage catalyst (LNT) 50, and plasma reactor 40.
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • LNT nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
  • Hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 is installed in the exhaust pipe 20 and is configured to remove nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is a type in which a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 is embedded in a soot filtration filter (DPF).
  • the aftertreatment device 3 does not include a soot filtration filter (DPF), and may be separately provided with a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37.
  • the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst (LNT) 50 is installed in the exhaust pipe 20 behind the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37, and the nitrogen oxide remaining in the exhaust gas via the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37 is provided. Remove it.
  • the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst (LNT) 50 further increases the denitrification rate of the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 and expands the denitrification temperature range throughout the exhaust aftertreatment apparatus.
  • the plasma reactor 40 is configured to reform the fuel to produce a reducing agent of hydrogen and hydrocarbon (HC) species, and is connected to the exhaust pipe 20 in front of the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37. Therefore, the reducing agent of hydrogen and hydrocarbon (HC) species produced in the plasma reactor 40 is supplied to the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 together with the exhaust gas.
  • the hydrocarbon produced in the plasma reactor 40 may have a carbon number of C1 to C5.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust gas post-treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6 and the first embodiment, the exhaust gas post-treatment method of the embodiment includes the first step (ST1) to the fourth step (ST4).
  • step ST1 fuel and air are supplied to the plasma reactor 40 in the normal operation mode to reform the fuel at a first calorific value to produce a large amount of hydrocarbon (HC) species and hydrogen.
  • HC hydrocarbon
  • the first step ST1 may partially hydrogenate or decompose light oil to produce hydrocarbon (HC) species and hydrogen having a carbon number of C1 to C11 that functions as a reducing agent.
  • HC hydrocarbon
  • the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species are supplied onto a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 provided in the soot filtration filter (DPF) 30.
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • DPF soot filtration filter
  • the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species act as a reducing agent on a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 to convert nitrogen oxide (NOx) contained in exhaust gas to nitrogen (N 2). Reduction).
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • the particulate matter removing mode is switched.
  • the plasma reactor 40 produces a second calorific value at a temperature higher than the first calorific value of the normal operation mode.
  • the third step ST3 is a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) of the particulate filter (DPF) 30 as a combustion reaction by increasing the ratio of fuel to air in the plasma reactor 40 compared to the normal operation mode.
  • the particulate matter (PM) accumulated on the (37) is burned and removed.
  • the combustion reaction may include a reaction close to the combustion reaction as a reaction capable of burning particulate matter.
  • the fourth step ST4 repeatedly switches between the normal operation mode and the particulate matter removal mode.
  • an engine control unit (not shown) controlling the engine 10 may switch the operation mode of the plasma reactor 40.
  • the exhaust gas post-treatment method according to another embodiment includes first step ST1 ′ to fourth step ST4 ′.
  • the first stage ST1 fuel and air are reformed by supplying fuel and air to the reformer 50 in lean combustion conditions to produce a large amount of hydrocarbon (HC) species and hydrogen.
  • the first stage ST1 may partially produce hydrogen (HC) species and hydrogen having a carbon number of C1 to C5 which functions as a reducing agent by partially oxidizing or cracking the diesel oil.
  • the second stage (ST2 ') feeds the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species onto a hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) which distributes the exhaust gas.
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • the modified hydrocarbon (HC) species and hydrogen are supplied to the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37 through the exhaust pipe 20 to denitrify the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37.
  • the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 is activated, the produced hydrogen and hydrocarbon species act as a reducing agent on the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37 to be included in the exhaust gas.
  • the third step ST3 is circulating exhaust gas via the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst 37 in a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst (LNT) 50 disposed behind the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37. Let's do it.
  • LNT nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst (LNT) 50 occludes the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas before the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 is activated.
  • the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst 50 absorbs NOx while the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 does not denitrify, or the residual nitrogen oxide which has not been reduced by the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37. It is occluded and reduced to compensate for the denitrification performance of the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37.
  • the period of the rich combustion conditions for the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst 50 which implements the rich combustion conditions may be significantly longer. That is, the time for driving in the rich combustion condition in the engine is shortened, and the time for driving in the lean burn condition becomes long.
  • the fourth step ST4 ' is switched to the rich combustion condition after the time set in the lean combustion condition, and then to the lean combustion condition after the engine operation.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the lean and excessive combustion conditions according to another embodiment of the present invention and the prior art. Referring to FIG. 8, during the same operation time of the engine 10, the prior art on the left shows a short period of rich combustion that removes nitrogen oxides from the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst.
  • the rich combustion cycle for removing nitrogen oxide from the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst 50 is very long. Therefore, in one embodiment, the fuel economy of the engine 10 may be improved, and the burden on the engine 10 may be reduced.
  • Figure 9 is a graph comparing the denitrification performance according to another embodiment of the present invention and the prior art.
  • the prior art hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) and urea water selective reduction catalyst (Urea SCR) have excellent denitrification performance at relatively high temperature and low denitrification performance at low temperature.
  • another embodiment of the present invention has excellent denitrification performance corresponding to the prior art at high temperature, and at the same time has excellent denitrification performance at low temperature (L1). That is, under the same operating temperature conditions, it will remove more nitrogen oxides than in the prior art.
  • another embodiment of the present invention may have a high denitrification performance since it occludes the nitrogen oxide in the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst (LNT) 50 before the hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst (HC SCR) 37 is activated.
  • LNT nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
  • HC SCR hydrocarbon selective reduction catalyst
  • the manufacturing cost of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is lowered, and the installation space may be reduced when applied to a vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet de fournir un dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement, qui simplifie un système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement de sorte à réduire les coûts de fabrication et à réduire l'espace d'installation. Le dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention comprend : un tuyau d'échappement permettant aux gaz d'échappement d'un moteur de circuler à travers ce dernier ; une réduction catalytique sélective par les hydrocarbures (HC-SCR) disposée dans le tuyau d'échappement de sorte à éliminer les oxydes d'azote contenus dans les gaz d'échappement ; et un réacteur à plasma raccordé au tuyau d'échappement entre le moteur et la réduction HC-SCR de sorte à modifier le carburant, ce qui permet de produire un agent réducteur de l'hydrogène et une espèce d'hydrocarbures ou de brûler le carburant.
PCT/KR2015/013472 2015-04-24 2015-12-09 Dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement et procédé s'y rapportant Ceased WO2016171366A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2015-0058085 2015-04-24
KR20150058085 2015-04-24
KR1020150096678A KR20170006162A (ko) 2015-07-07 2015-07-07 배기가스 후처리 장치 및 그 방법
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