WO2016158777A1 - Power supply system in which renewable energy-utilizing power generation facility is used - Google Patents

Abstract

A plurality of power demand/supply unit systems are provided within a predetermined area, the power supply/demand unit systems comprising: power generation facilities 1A, 1B provided with a power storage facility 4 and power generation devices 2, 3 utilizing renewable energy; and a plurality of consumers 10 which are supplied with electrical power from the power generation facilities. A monitoring control device 15 for monitoring the electrical power reception state of each of the power supply/demand unit systems and controlling the power supply/demand balance in each of the power supply/demand unit systems is provided in the area. Smart meters 11, 18 are provided to each of the power generation facilities and each of the consumers. The monitoring control device 15 receives data relating to power generation and data relating to power consumption by wireless communication with each of the power supply/demand unit systems through the smart meters, and controls the power supply/demand balance in each of the power supply/demand unit systems.

Description

Power supply system using renewable energy generation power plant

The present invention relates to a power supply system using a renewable energy utilization power generation facility capable of efficiently and stably supplying power in, for example, remote islands where large scale power plants do not exist.

Conventionally, small-scale energy networks having natural energy sources such as solar power generation or wind power generation and consumption facilities, so-called micro grids, have been put to practical use.

In such facilities, in order to compensate for the output fluctuation due to the climate change etc. of the natural energy source, the power storage device is provided to charge and discharge, and the microgrid is connected to the existing external power system, or The transmission and distribution system of the micro grid is also connected to a power plant owned by a general electric utility, and it is possible to receive the interchange of power from the existing external power system as required (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP, 2011-114900, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2006-204081

By the way, the above-mentioned conventional micro grid assumes that there is an existing external power system near the area where the micro grid is to be installed, or a power plant owned by a general electric utility company. There is a problem that installation is difficult in remote islands where there is no power generation infrastructure such as existing power generation facilities.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and supplies power efficiently and stably on off grids that do not use fossil fuels even in areas such as remote islands where existing power generation facilities do not exist. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply system using a renewable energy utilization power generation facility that has made it possible.

Further, the present invention can intensively store power supply and demand information in a region where the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to a foreign country, using a communication satellite or the Internet network, in a cloud server in Japan. The accumulated various information is used for the bilateral credit system (JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanism)) on greenhouse gas emission reduction, and the measurement, reporting and verification of the implementation status of greenhouse gas reduction (MRV (Measurement Reporting Verification)) Aims to provide a system that can

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is
First, power supply and demand consisting of a power generation facility using only renewable energy, a power generation facility equipped with an electric power storage facility, and a reserve load, and a plurality of customers who only receive power supply from the power generation facility A unit system, wherein the power supply and demand unit system is provided in a predetermined area, and the power supply and demand situation of the power supply and demand unit system is monitored in the predetermined area, and A monitoring control device for controlling the balance of power supply and demand, a smart meter is provided for each of the power generation facilities and the customers, and the monitoring control device controls the power supply and demand via the smart meters. Data on power consumption at each customer, data on power generated at each power generation facility, and wireless communication with the unit system Power balance control is performed by wirelessly transmitting a control command for balance of supply and demand of power to the above power supply and demand unit system based on data regarding the remaining amount of battery of the power storage facility based on the data. There is provided a cloud server device capable of receiving and storing the data relating to power consumption in the monitoring control device, the data relating to generated power, and the data relating to the remaining amount of battery via a communication network. The supervisory control device is constituted by a power supply system using a renewable energy utilization power generation facility which is mutually communicably connected by a communication satellite and / or an internet network.

Specifically, the power supply and demand unit system can be configured by a power generation facility (1A to 1C) using renewable energy and a plurality of customers (10) receiving power supply from the power generation facility. The predetermined area is, for example, a remote island. The said electric power generating apparatus is a solar power generator (2), a wind power generator (3) etc., for example. The power storage facility can be configured, for example, by a plurality of storage batteries (4). The preliminary load is, for example, an EV charger (36) or the like. The data on the power consumption is, for example, power consumption information. The data on the generated power is, for example, supplied power amount information. The data regarding the remaining battery capacity of the power storage facility is, for example, the remaining battery capacity data of the storage battery (4). The control command is various commands sent to a power generation facility or a consumer such as a preliminary load drive command and a power limit command. With such a configuration, power can be efficiently and stably supplied off-grid even in areas such as remote islands where sufficient power generation infrastructure and communication infrastructure do not exist. Further, even if the power supply and demand unit system and the monitoring control device are installed overseas, for example, on a remote island, the power supply and demand status of the remote island can be monitored in Japan via, for example, a cloud server in Japan.

Second, the power generating device using the renewable energy is composed of a solar power generator, a wind power generator, a biomass generator, a hydroelectric generator, or a combination of any two or more of them, The supply and demand unit system is not connected to an external power system which is an existing power plant, and is a power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to the first embodiment described above which is configured as a complete off grid. Configured

With such a configuration, it is possible to provide a power supply system capable of stably supplying power even on an isolated island or the like where there is no existing power plant.

Third, the monitoring and control apparatus monitors the generated power of the power generation facility and the consumed power of the customer, and in the case of an excessive amount of power generation, a preliminary load drive command for performing a preliminary load control operation to drive the preliminary load. And a demand control command unit for performing a demand response control operation including a power limiting command to the customer in the case of insufficient power supply, and the generated power is generated by the spare load drive command unit and the demand control command unit. It is comprised by the electric power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation installation as described in said 1 or 2 characterized by balancing the amount and power consumption.

With this configuration, stable power can be supplied even to a renewable energy utilization power generation facility such as solar power generation or wind power generation.

Fourth, the power storage facility is configured of a plurality of storage batteries, and a battery remaining amount measurement system capable of detecting the storage battery remaining amount is provided, and the spare load drive command unit of the monitoring control device The upper limit value of the storage battery remaining amount detected by the amount measurement system is a value slightly lower than the maximum value of the storage battery remaining amount, and the storage load remaining at the upper limit value starts driving the above-mentioned spare load as the control command And a lower limit value of a drive start instruction unit capable of transmitting a drive start instruction, and a value slightly higher than the minimum value of the storage battery remaining amount of the storage battery detected by the battery remaining amount measuring system by the drive of the spare load. And d) a drive stop command unit for stopping the drive of the spare load as the control command when the remaining amount of power storage reaches the lower limit value. It constituted by a power supply system using Bei.

The upper limit value of a value slightly lower than the maximum value of the storage battery residual amount can be, for example, a value of 90% of the battery residual capacity with respect to full charge (100%). The lower limit value of the storage battery residual amount is a value slightly higher than the minimum value of the storage battery residual amount can be, for example, a value with a battery residual amount of 30% with respect to full charge (100%). According to this configuration, the spare load can be driven to effectively utilize the surplus power when the surplus power is generated. In addition, since the charge and discharge are performed in, for example, the range of 30% to 90% of the storage battery, the battery life of the storage battery can be extended.

Fifth, the demand control command unit in the monitoring control device transmits a power limit command for limiting power consumption to a specific customer as the control command, and a shortage of supplied power The power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to the third or fourth aspect is provided with a recovery instruction unit that transmits a recovery instruction to the customer when the cancellation is achieved.

According to this configuration, when the power consumption exceeds the generated power, the power consumption of a specific customer can be limited, and excessive power usage can be suppressed.

Sixth, two or more power supply and demand unit systems are provided in the predetermined area, and the monitoring control device performs balance control of power supply by performing wireless communication with the two or more power supply and demand unit systems. The power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to any one of the above-mentioned first to fifth aspects.

Seventh, the power storage facility is constituted by a plurality of storage batteries, and a battery residual quantity measuring system capable of detecting the storage battery residual quantity is provided, and a spare storage battery is provided in addition to the storage batteries, and the battery residual of the spare storage battery The spare load drive command unit of the monitoring control device is configured to detect the amount by the battery remaining amount measuring system, the storage battery remaining amount detected by the battery remaining amount measuring system is the maximum value of the storage battery remaining amount When the remaining amount of stored power reaches the upper limit value with a slightly lower value as the upper limit value, the charging instruction for the spare battery is transmitted when the remaining amount reaches the upper limit value, and when it is detected that the sunset is reached With the spare battery charge command unit to be transmitted and the lower limit value with a value slightly higher than the minimum value of the storage battery remaining amount, the discharge instruction of the spare storage battery is transmitted when the remaining power storage location reaches the lower limit value. And the above A storage battery discharge command unit for transmitting a discharge stop command for the storage battery when the storage battery is charged by discharging the storage battery and the storage battery residual amount becomes a value slightly higher than the lower limit value; and A power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to the third aspect, which has a second spare battery charge command unit for charging the spare battery, for a fixed period of daytime during which charging is performed. Ru.

The upper limit value of a value slightly lower than the maximum value of the storage battery remaining amount as the storage battery remaining amount can be, for example, a value of 85% of the storage battery remaining amount. The lower limit value of the value slightly higher than the minimum value of the storage battery remaining amount as the storage battery remaining amount can be, for example, a value of 33% of the storage battery remaining amount. A value slightly higher than the above lower limit value can be, for example, a value of 35% of the remaining battery capacity. The certain period of daytime may be, for example, one hour from 12 o'clock to 13 o'clock. With this configuration, it is possible to charge the spare battery with surplus power charged in the battery during the daytime, and when the remaining amount of the battery decreases at night, the battery is discharged by discharging the spare battery. Can be used, and the surplus storage battery residual amount can be efficiently used.

According to the present invention, power can be supplied efficiently and stably off-grid even in areas such as remote islands where sufficient power generation infrastructure does not exist, for example.

In addition, even with a renewable energy utilization power generation facility such as solar power generation or wind power generation, stable power can be supplied.

Further, even if the power supply and demand unit system and the monitoring control device are installed overseas, for example, on a remote island, the power supply and demand status of the remote island can be monitored in Japan via, for example, a cloud server.

In addition, spare power can be driven to effectively use the surplus power when surplus power is generated, and when the power consumption exceeds the generated power, the power consumption of a specific customer may be limited. It is possible to balance the appropriate supply and demand of power by suppressing the excessive use of power.

In addition, during the daytime, it is possible to charge the spare battery with surplus power charged in the battery, and when the remaining amount of the battery decreases at night, the battery is charged by discharging the spare battery. It is possible to efficiently use the surplus storage battery remaining amount.

In addition, the power supply and demand information in the region where the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to foreign countries can be intensively accumulated by a cloud server in Japan using a communication satellite etc. For example, it can be used for bilateral credit system (JCM) on greenhouse gas emission reduction, and measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of the implementation status of greenhouse gas reduction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a whole block diagram of the electric power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation installation which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the relationship between the power generation equipment of a system same as the above, and a consumer. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power generation equipment of a system same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the connection structure of the generator of a system same as the above, and a cooperation inverter. It is explanatory drawing which shows the radio | wireless communication structure of a system same as the above. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure in the monitoring control apparatus of a system same as the above. (A) is a characteristic diagram showing the elapsed time of the remaining battery time for explaining the prediction of the preload control in the monitoring control device of the above stem, (b) is the prediction of the demand control in the monitoring control device of the same system It is a characteristic view showing time progress of the demand electric power value for. It is a block diagram showing composition of a supervisory control device. It is a block diagram showing composition of a smart power manager. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a battery residual amount measurement system. It shows data stored in the storage unit of the supervisory control device, and shows data on the customer. It shows the data stored in the storage unit of the supervisory control device, and shows the data regarding the power generation equipment. It shows the data stored in the storage unit of the supervisory control device, and (a) shows the data on the storage battery, and (b) shows the data on the spare storage battery. It is a block diagram which shows the structure regarding the preliminary | backup load of a system same as the above. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed procedure from step S6 of FIG. 6 to step S12. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement procedure of a smart power manager. It is a flowchart which shows the detail of the procedure from step S18 of FIG. 6 to step S19. It is a block diagram which shows other embodiment of the power generation equipment of a system same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the connection structure of the generator and cooperation inverter in other embodiment of the system same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus of a system same as the above. (A) is a characteristic view of the remaining battery capacity showing the charge and discharge operation of the storage battery of the above system, and (b) is a characteristic view of the reserve battery remaining capacity showing the charge and discharge operation of the spare battery. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement procedure of the monitoring and control apparatus regarding charging / discharging of a spare storage battery. It is a functional block diagram of CPU which performs demand control and reserve load control. It is a functional block diagram of CPU which performs charging / discharging control of a spare storage battery.

Hereinafter, a power supply system using a renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 shows the entire configuration of a power supply system of a renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a connection between each power generation facility and a consumer.

In the present embodiment, the case where the present system is installed on an isolated island other than Japan where no existing power generation facility exists will be described.

The present system comprises a plurality of renewable energy utilization power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C (hereinafter referred to as "power generation facilities") equipped with a solar power generator (solar power generation facility) 2 and a wind power generator (wind power generation facility) 3. And (in the present embodiment, installed at three locations in the remote island), located near the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, and 1C via the distribution networks 9 of the respective power generation facilities 1A to 1C. A plurality of customers 10 receiving the supply of electric power from the corresponding power generation facility 1, and supplied power amount information (generated power [kwh] or generated power constantly transmitted wirelessly from each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C) [Kw]), generated voltage [V], power factor [cos φ], frequency [Hz] etc., and information of each storage battery 4 (voltage [V], current [A], remaining amount [%] etc.), Power consumption information constantly sent by wireless from each customer 10 (power consumption [k h) or power consumption [kw], voltage [V], power factor [cos φ], frequency [Hz], etc.), and wirelessly transmit a command signal to each of the above-mentioned power generation facilities 1A to 1C. A supervisory control device 15 (installed at one place in the remote island) as an energy management system (EMS) for performing optimal control of the amount of supplied power in 1A to 1C, the supervisory control device 15, the communication satellite 30, and / or It is connected via the Internet network 31, and is constituted of, for example, an information collection device (cloud server) 16 existing in Japan.

In addition, although the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3 are shown as said renewable energy utilization power generation equipment, it is not restricted to this as a renewable energy utilization power generation equipment, A biomass generator, a hydroelectric generator, and other renewable energy You may use the power generation equipment using.

Here, in the case where the power generation equipment is specified individually, reference numerals 1A, 1B, and 1C are used, and in the case where specification is not made, reference numeral 1 is used. Also, for each customer 10, the codes such as 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, etc. are used when individually designated, and the code 10 is used when not specified. In addition, a “power supply and demand unit system” is configured by the power generation facilities (1A to 1C) and a plurality of consumers (10) receiving power supply from the power generation facilities (1A to 1C).

The power generation amount of each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C (the supplied power amount information) and the information on the storage battery are the smart power manager (SPM) 22 (see FIG. 4) provided for each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C. Based on the control of each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C from the two-way smart meter 11 via the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device (data collecting device) 12 having a function as a data collecting device and the wireless relay device 13 , It is comprised so that wireless transmission to the said monitoring control apparatus 15 is possible.

In addition, the power consumption of each customer 10 (the above-mentioned power consumption information) is transmitted from the bi-directional smart meter 18 (see FIG. 2) provided in each customer 10 to the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 as a data collection device. It is wirelessly transmitted, and can be transmitted to the monitoring control device 15 from the transmission / reception device 12 via the wireless relay device 13.

In the monitoring control device 15, each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C is used based on the power consumption information from the power generation facilities 1A to 1C, the information on the storage battery, the power consumption information from each customer 10, and the like. In response to this, the control command information of the power generation amount, the control command information of each device to each customer 10, and the charge / discharge command to each storage battery 4 are wirelessly transmitted. Furthermore, the monitoring control device 15 transmits the supplied power amount information, the information on the storage battery, and the power consumption amount information to the cloud server 16 via the communication satellite 30 and the Internet network 31.

In the cloud server 16, data relating to the power supply and demand condition on the remote island from the monitoring control device 15 via the communication satellite 30 or the Internet network 31 (the power supply information, the power consumption information, and the information on the storage battery) Acquire and accumulate sequentially. The accumulated various data is used as basic data for the bilateral credit system (JCM) with the country where the power system is installed, and the measurement, reporting and verification of the implementation status of greenhouse gas emission reduction It can be used as (MRV) data. In the area where the Internet network 31 does not exist, communication between the monitoring control device 15 and the cloud server 16 can be performed via the communication satellite 30 (for example, Inmarsat (registered trademark)).

The power generation facilities 1A to 1C are configured as shown in FIG. Since each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C has the same configuration, the power generation facility 1A will be described here (see also FIG. 3).

The power generation facility 1A includes a solar power generator 2 configured of a plurality of solar power generation panels, a wind power generator 3 configured of a plurality of small wind power generators, and power for converting these powers. Converter 5 (PV converter 5a (PV stands for Photovoltaics), wind power converter 5b), grid-connected inverter 6, and a plurality of storage batteries (lead storage batteries) for guaranteeing output fluctuation of the generators 2 and 3 And a plurality of battery controllers 7 for controlling charging and discharging of the storage battery 4). When the storage batteries 4 are individually indicated, reference numerals 4-1 and 4-2 are used.

More specifically, the DC voltage generated by the solar power generator 2 is converted to a DC voltage (for example, DC 380 V) having a different voltage value, and the DC bus 21 for high voltage DC power supply (HVDC: High-Voltage Direct Current) (See FIG. 4) PV converter 5a to be sent out, wind voltage converter 5b to convert the AC voltage generated by the wind power generator 3 into DC voltage (eg DC 380V) and sent out to the DC bus 21 The system cooperation inverter 6 converts the direct current of DC 380 V into an alternating voltage (for example, single phase alternating current 220 V) (see FIG. 3).

Further, the storage battery 4 is provided with six 1 unit storage batteries 4 each consisting of 2v × 24 cells having a capacity of 20 [kwh], and the battery controller 7 for controlling charging and discharging corresponding to each storage battery 4 is provided. Two batteries are provided in one unit of storage battery 4 (each battery controller 7 takes charge of 10 [kwh]), and each battery controller 7 is connected to the DC bus 21 of the DC 380V.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the respective converters 5a, 5b and the battery controller 7 are connected by a communication bus 23, and a smart power manager (SPM) 22 described later, a battery residual amount measuring system (BMU: Battry Monitoring Unit) 24 are also connected by the communication bus 23 described above. The smart power manager 22 charges and discharges the storage battery 4 through the battery remaining amount measurement system 24 based on the command signal (command signal transmitted from the monitoring control device 15) sent from the smart meter 11. And control the amount of power generation of the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3.

Each power generation facility 1 sends, for example, single-phase AC power of 220 V or 380 V three-phase AC power from the grid-linked inverter 6 to the distribution network 9 via the AC switching distribution board 8, and each customer 10 via the distribution network 9. For example, the electric power of single phase alternating current 220 V or the electric power of three phases 380 V is sent.

The smart meter 11 is installed on the output side of the AC switching distribution board 8 of each power generation facility 1 and information on the amount of generated power in the power generation facility 1 (the amount of supplied power information) It is configured to be able to wirelessly transmit to the installed WiFi wireless transceiver 12.

The WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 modulates data (the power supply information, the information on the storage battery, and the power consumption information) regarding the amount of power wirelessly transmitted from the smart meter 11 by the carrier wave of 2.4 GHz band. It is configured to be wirelessly transmitted to the relay machine 13 as a wireless signal of the WiFi standard. Further, the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 receives various command signals wirelessly transmitted from the monitoring control device 15 via the relay device 13 and wirelessly transmits the various command signals to the smart meters 11 and 18. Do.

Here, in the power generation facility 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the power from the solar power generator 2, the wind power generator 3, and the storage battery 4 is the converter 5 (5 a, 5 b), the battery controller 7. The DC bus 21 is connected as a direct current to the DC bus (380 V) 21, connected to the grid-connected inverter 6, converted into an AC by the inverter 6, and connected to the AC switching distribution board 8. Thus, the power from the solar power generator 2, the wind power generator 3 and the storage battery 4 performs high voltage direct current feed (HVDC) of, for example, 380 V, all as direct current via the DC bus 21 and the linked inverter 6 , And is converted into alternating current by the cooperative inverter 6.

With such a configuration, the same system (high voltage DC power supply facility S in FIG. 4) can be easily connected and expanded to the system linkage inverter 6 via an optical fiber, and the system can be easily expanded. Can.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the converter 5 (5a, 5b), the battery controller 7 and the smart power manager 22 are connected by the communication bus 23, and the smart power manager 22 and the grid-connected inverter 6 are connected to the communication bus 23. Connect at The command from the supervisory control device 15 is received by the smart power manager 22 through the smart meter 11, and the smart power manager 22 controls the generated power of each of the generators 2, 3; Control of charging or discharging of the storage battery 4 is performed.

Further, the storage battery 4 uses a lead storage battery, and the battery remaining amount measuring system (BMU) 24 is connected to monitor the battery remaining amount, voltage, current and the like by the system 24, and data such as the battery remaining amount and the like It is transmitted from the smart power manager 22 to the monitoring control device 15.

In each customer 10 (see FIG. 2 etc.), the customer 10 is provided with the smart meter 18 and a controller 19 for controlling power consumption in each customer 10, and the smart meter 18 is provided. The information on the power consumption of each customer is transmitted to the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving apparatus 12 (see FIG. 1). The communication between each customer 10 and the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 can be performed by near field wireless communication (for example, 2.4 MHz band) of the WiFi standard because it is a relatively short distance.

The smart meter 18 in the customer 10 has a plurality of devices connected to the plurality of input / output contacts, and selection control of each device can be specified by the number of the contacts. Therefore, by including the number of the contact point in the command signal from the supervisory control device 15, the supervisory control device 15 controls a specific device of the customer 10 (for example, turning on or off the specific device). It is also possible.

Similarly, the data relating to power consumption (the power consumption information) is transmitted from the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 toward the wireless relay device 13 as a wireless signal of the WiFi standard using a carrier wave of 2.4 GHz band. Is configured as.

The WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 receives the control information (control command) to each power generating facility 1 or the customer 10 from the monitoring control device 15 transmitted from the wireless relay device 13, and may be information on its own power generating facility For example, the smart power manager 22 controls the operation of the power generation facility based on the control information (control command). In addition, if the control information (control command) is for a specific customer, the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 converts the control information (control command) into a signal of the WiFi system, and directs it to the corresponding customer 10. Wirelessly transmit.

For example, three wireless repeaters 13 are installed in an area where three of the power generation facilities 1 are installed, and multiple input multiple output (MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) can be performed simultaneously in a plurality of frequency bands. ) Can transmit and receive carrier waves in the 2.4 GHz band transmitted from the respective WiFi wireless transmitting and receiving devices 12 and wirelessly according to the WiFi standard with carrier waves in the 5 GHz band between the repeaters 13). Communication is possible (see FIG. 5).

Each wireless relay device 13 is also configured to be able to communicate with the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20 of the monitoring control device 15 according to the WiFi standard on the respective carrier radio waves.

The monitoring control device 15 can grasp the power generation amount of each power generation facility 1 and the power consumption amount of each customer via the wireless relay devices 13, and from the monitoring control device 15, each power generation facility 1A to 1C. Alternatively, the control command signal for the specific customer 10 can be wirelessly transmitted on the carrier of the 2.4 GHz band of the WiFi standard.

By performing communication utilizing high-capacity WiFi in this way, data collection, demand control, and reserve load control can be performed by WiFi wireless communication even in remote islands where maintenance of broadband networks is delayed, and stable. High quality power supply.

The reach range in the demonstration test of 2.4 GHz band radio waves of WiFi standard is about 1km to 2 km with non-directional antenna, and the reach of demonstration test of 5 GHz band radio waves of WiFi standard is about 2.5 km with semi-directional antenna Since the distance is 3 km, as shown in FIG. 5, the relay devices 13 are installed at three places separated by, for example, about 2.5 km so as to form triangle apexes. Then, the power generation facilities 1A to 1C are arranged such that the WiFi wireless transmission / reception devices 12 of the power generation facilities 1 are located within the range E of a circle within 2 km in diameter centering on each wireless repeater 13.

The smart meter 18 of each customer 10 and the WiFi wireless transmission device 12 can achieve a reach of approximately 2 km by connecting using the WiFi wireless communication system of 2.4 GHz band. Therefore, the wireless transceiver 12 of each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C and each customer 10 can communicate as long as it is within the range of a circle having a diameter of 2 km. Since the reach of the 2.4 GHz band radio wave is about 3.2 km in the Zigbee (registered trademark) standard, wireless transmission and reception of each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C is possible if the Zigbee (registered trademark) standard wireless communication system is used. Communication is possible if the machine 12 and each customer 10 are within the range of a circle of 3.2 km in diameter.

Next, the preliminary load provided in each power generation facility 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 14, an EV charger (EV: Electric Vehicle) 36, a water pump 37, and a sewage pump 39 are connected as a preliminary load to the distribution network 9 of the power generation facility 1; The smart meter 29 is connected. Also, a smart meter control system 60 (SMC) for controlling the entire smart meter 29 of the above-mentioned reserve load, the smart meter 18 of the above-mentioned customer 10 and the smart meter 11 of each of the above power generation facilities is provided for each power generation facility 1 (See Fig. 20 etc.).

Here, an overall configuration of control of the system of the present invention is shown in FIG. 20, and an outline of a control system will be described. The supervisory control device (EMS) 15 (see FIG. 8) charges and discharges the storage battery 4 of each power generation facility 1 based on the supplied power amount information transmitted from each power generation facility 1, information on the storage battery, and power consumption information. , Control the power consumption of the customer 10. The smart power manager 22 (see FIG. 9 and the like) receives the control command from the monitoring control device 15 and information such as the remaining battery level from the remaining battery level measurement system (BMU) 24 via the battery controller 7. Control the charge and discharge of the storage battery 4. Furthermore, the smart meter control system (SMC) 60 receives the control command from the monitoring control device 15 once, and the power generating facility 1, the customer 10, and the smart meters 11, 18 and 29 of the reserve load It has a relay mechanism which transmits a control command signal.

Next, specific configurations of the monitoring control device (EMS) 15, the smart power manager (SPM) 22, and the battery remaining amount measurement system (BMU) 24 will be described.

The monitoring control device (EMS) 15 has the configuration shown in FIG. The monitor control device 15 includes a program storage unit 15a as a main storage device storing a control program of operation procedures shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 15, FIG. 17 and FIG. A data storage unit 15c that temporarily stores various data in the operation process of the control program, a communication unit 15d that communicates with the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 20 via a hub, an input unit 15e such as a keyboard, and various information The display unit 15 f such as a monitor is provided, and these devices are connected via the communication bus 25.

The smart power manager (SPM) 22 has the configuration shown in FIG. The smart power manager 22 includes a program storage unit 22a as a main storage device storing a program of the operation procedure shown in FIG. 16 described later, a CPU 22b which performs various controls in accordance with the program, and temporarily stores various data in the operation process of the program. And a communication unit 22d for communicating with the smart meter 11. These devices are connected via the communication bus 26. The communication bus 26 is connected to the communication bus 23 via the I / O 22e (see FIG. 4). The smart power manager 22 is provided for each power generation facility 1. Reference numeral 22 d ′ denotes a wireless transceiver for performing transmission and reception with the smart meter 11.

As shown in FIG. 10, the battery remaining amount measuring system (BMU) 24 receives a command from the communication bus 23 and a state sensor 24a for detecting the remaining amount, voltage, current and the like of the storage battery 4 and receives the state sensor 24a. The CPU 24b for confirming and reporting the remaining battery capacity etc., the data storage unit 24d for storing various data such as the remaining battery capacity, and the remaining capacity data sent from the CPU 24b are sent out to the communication bus 23; Or, it comprises a communication unit 24c that sends the remaining amount instruction command from the battery controller 7 to the CPU 24b. The battery remaining amount measurement system 24 is provided for each power generation facility.

Next, an EMS power supply balance control system performed by the monitoring control device 15 will be described.

The monitoring control device 15 performs demand response control when the power of each power generation facility 1 is insufficient, and preliminary load control when the amount of power generation of each power generation facility 1 remains.

The supervisory control device 15 is based on the transmission data (battery remaining amount data (percentage data)) from each power generating facility 1 (BMU 24), and the lowest value of the minimum storage battery remaining amount A (Fig. 7 (a) of each power generating facility 1). 30%) and the present (every fixed time interval) storage battery residual amount a1 is grasped (see FIG. 13, m1 + m2 + m3 +...). Specifically, the lowermost value (30%), the maximum value (90%), and the like are stored in the data storage unit 15c as reference values (see FIGS. 23 and 24).

Further, the monitoring control device 15 receives data of the power consumption (demand value B, b1 value in FIG. 7B) (kwh) at predetermined time intervals of the customer 10 corresponding to each power generation facility 1 It is grasping (refer to FIG. 11, d1, d2, d3, etc.).

On the other hand, in the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 8, data storage unit 15c), the maximum power consumption of the power generation facility 1 (sum of the power of solar power generation, the power of wind power generation and the power of storage battery = demand set value C) ) (Kw) is set as a reference value, and the supervisory control device 15 compares the demand value B with the demand set value C and grasps the difference as a demand deviation D (kw). For example, when the current demand value (power consumption) B exceeds the demand setting value C, the demand uneven distribution D is recognized.

After that, the supervisory control device 15 performs arithmetic processing by adding the storage battery supply margin prediction E after 30 minutes based on the minimum storage battery remaining amount A and the load control prediction F (= D) to the demand deviation D, for example. , A load control command G, in this case, a load control command G for restricting the power usage of the customer 10 is obtained.

Thereafter, the load control command G compensates for the power shortage by matching the generated power with the load control prediction F by compensating the demand deviation D. The load control command G is wirelessly transmitted to the target customer 10.

Further, when the amount of power generation in each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C is surplus, preliminary load control is performed. A desalination apparatus, an ice maker, etc. are provided as a preliminary | backup load, and the operation control instruction | command of these apparatuses is wirelessly transmitted to each preliminary | backup load apparatus by surplus electric power.

More specific control of the monitoring control device 15 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

The supervisory control device (EMS) 15 is provided for each customer 10 (10-1, 10-2, 10-3,...: The customer 10 is commonly provided in the distribution network 9 of each power generation facility). Data on power consumption from the smart meter 18 (the above power consumption information, ie, the power consumption [kwh] or power consumption [kw], voltage [v], power factor [cos φ], frequency [Hz]) information It is received by the communication unit 15d via the communication network (WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12, relay device 13, WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 20) (FIG. 6, step S1) (see FIG. 8). Then, the monitoring control device 15 sequentially stores the data in the storage area 27 (see FIG. 11) of the data storage unit 15c for each customer. In the transmission data of each customer, an ID number different for each customer indicating the customer (for example, ID 10 1 for customer 10 1 and ID 10 for customer 10-2) Etc.), and the monitoring control device 15 stores each data for each customer into each storage area 10-1, 10-2, 10-3,... For each customer based on the ID number. I will memorize it sequentially.

At the same time, based on the control of the smart power manager 22, the monitoring control unit (EMS) 15 generates data relating to the generated power from the smart meter 11 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C (the supplied power amount information, ie, Information of the generated energy [kwh] or generated power [kw], voltage [v], current [A], power factor [cos φ], frequency [Hz]) in the communication network (WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12, relay 13, It is received by the communication unit 15d via the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20) (FIG. 6, step S2).

Then, the monitoring control device 15 sequentially stores the data in the storage area 28 of the data storage unit 15c for each power generation facility (see FIG. 12). And as with the customer data, in the transmission data from each power generation facility 1, different ID numbers for each power generation facility indicating each power generation facility (for example, ID = 1A for power generation facility 1A, ID = 1B for power generation facility 1B, The power generation facility 1C includes ID = 1C, etc.), and the monitoring control device 15 generates each data of each power generation facility based on the ID number for each data storage unit 15c of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C. The data are sequentially stored in the storage areas 1A, 1B, 1C (see FIG. 12). In addition, the amount of generated power or the generated power, the voltage, and the current store data of each of the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3 of each power generation facility separately.

As described above, all the data sent from the customer 10 or the power generation facility 1 to the monitoring control device 15 includes the above-mentioned ID number, and the monitoring control device 15 receives the data from any customer 10 or the power generation facility 1. It is configured to be able to determine whether it is data. Moreover, when transmitting data from the monitoring control device 15 to each customer 10 or each power generation facility 1, when transmitting data to a specific customer 10 or a specific power installation 1, the particular customer The ID number of 10 or a specific power generation facility 1 is simultaneously transmitted.

Further, the monitoring control device 15 receives information on the power [kw], voltage [V], current [A], and battery remaining capacity [%] of each storage battery 4 from the smart meter 11 for each power generation facility 1 These are stored in the storage area 38 of the data storage unit 15c (see FIG. 13A). In the storage area 38, data of the six storage batteries 4 of the power generation facility 1A are stored in storage areas 4-1 to 4-6. Although only the storage area 38 of the power generation facility 1A is shown in FIG. 13 (a), data of storage batteries of other power generation facilities 1B and 1C are also divided and stored in the storage area 38 in the same manner.

Further, the supervisory control device 15 sums up the power consumption of each customer 10, and calculates the total power consumption (消費 power consumption = d1 + d2 + d3 ····) for every constant time, and the data storage unit 27 (Step S3 in FIG. 6, see FIG. 11). At the same time, the supervisory control device 15 calculates the total amount of power generation (Σ generated energy = e1 + e2 + e3 + e4 + e5 + e6) by adding up the power generation amount of each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C at fixed time intervals and stores it (See FIG. 6, step S4, FIG. 12).

Next, the monitoring control device 15 compares the total generated energy (発 電 generated power) and the total consumed energy (消費 consumed power) and performs prediction operation (FIG. 6, step S5), and there is a margin for the generated power from the consumed power. Preliminary load prediction (FIG. 7 (a), step S6 and subsequent steps) and demand prediction (FIG. 7 (b) and step 6 and subsequent steps) when power consumption exceeds generated power in a certain case are performed. At this time, in the case of (.SIGMA. Generated power = .SIGMA. Consumed power), current generation is maintained, and power generation is continued (FIG. 6, steps S7 and S15).

As a result of the above prediction, in the case of (.SIGMA. Generated power> .SIGMA. Consumed power), the monitoring control device 15 performs the following preliminary load control (FIG. 6, step S6 and subsequent steps). In the following description, FIG. 23 which is a functional block diagram of the CPU 15 b of the monitoring control device 15 will be referred to as appropriate.

In this case, the present remaining battery level of the storage battery 4 of the power generation facility is confirmed based on the remaining battery level measurement system (BMU) 24 (see FIG. 6, step S9, and point a1 in FIG. 7A). The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, battery remaining amount request command unit 41) transmits the battery remaining amount request instruction of each of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C to each smart power manager 22 of each of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C. (See FIG. 15 step S9-1). The battery remaining amount request command is wirelessly transmitted from the communication unit 15d to the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, and 1C from the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving apparatus 20 via the hub.

The battery level request command is received by the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C through the relay unit 13, and each smart power is received from each smart meter 11 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C. Each of the managers 22 is wirelessly transmitted. When the smart power manager 22 (see FIG. 9) in each of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C receives the battery remaining amount request command via the communication unit 22d (see FIG. 16, step S1), the communication bus 23 It requests the remaining battery level measurement system (BMU) 24 to report the remaining battery level (see FIG. 16, step S2).

For example, the battery remaining amount measurement system 24 (see FIG. 10) of the power generation facility 1A receives the command via the communication unit 24c, and the CPU 24b of the system 24 receives the storage battery 4 by the state sensor 24a based on the command. Detect the remaining amount of -1,2,4-2,4-3 .... Then, the remaining data m1, m2, m3 [%],... Of the storage batteries 4-1, 4-2, 4-3,... Are sent to the communication bus 23 via the communication unit 24c together with their own ID numbers. The remaining amount data m1, m2, m3... [%] Are received by the smart power manager 22 via the communication bus 23 (see step S3 in FIG. 16). The smart power manager 22 wirelessly transmits the remaining amount data m1, m2, m3... [%] To the smart meter 11 via the communication unit 22d (wireless transceiver 22d ') (see FIG. 16, step S4) , The smart meter 11 transmits the remaining amount data m1, m2, m3... [%] From the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 to the repeater 13. The remaining amount data m1, m2, m3. The monitoring control device 15 receives the data through the wireless relay device 13 and the wireless transmission / reception device 20, and the monitoring control device 15 stores these data in the storage area 38 of the data storage unit 15c (FIG. 13 (a)). , FIG. 15, steps S9-2 and S9-3).

The remaining battery charge data m1, m2, m3 ... [%] from the other power generation facilities 1B and 1C are also received by the monitoring control device 15 through the same route and stored (step S9-FIG. 15, step S9- 2, S 9-3). Incidentally, since the monitoring control device 15 constantly receives battery residual quantity data m1, m2, m3... Of the storage battery 4 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C and updates it at predetermined time intervals, the storage area The 38 latest battery level data may be acquired as the latest battery level data.

Then, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the addition unit 42) calculates the total remaining battery capacity (Σ battery remaining capacity 1A = m1 + m2 + m3...) Of the total of the acquired remaining battery capacity of each power generation facility 1A by calculation. (Refer to FIG. 15, step S9-3), It memorize | stores in the storage area 38 of the data storage part 15c (refer FIG. 13 (a)).

Similarly, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the adding unit 42) is a total battery remaining amount of the total of the obtained battery remaining amounts of the power generation facilities 1B and 1C ((battery remaining amount 1B = m1 + m2 + m3..., Σ The remaining battery capacity 1C = m1 + m2 + m3... Is obtained by calculation, and stored in the storage area 38 of the data storage unit 15c (see FIG. 13A, FIG. 15, and step S9-3).

Then, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the adding unit 42) calculates the total remaining battery capacity of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C = Σ battery remaining capacity 1A + Σ battery remaining capacity 1B + Σ battery remaining capacity 1C. In this case, it is assumed that the total battery residual amount Σ is a1 point (60%) in FIG. 7A (see FIG. 15, steps S9-3 and S10).

At this time, the supervisory control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) refers to the reference value (maximum value 90% of the remaining amount) of the data storage unit 15c, and sets the current storage battery remaining amount (a1 point) to the maximum value. Since the monitoring and control device 15 (FIG. 23, the prediction unit 44) recognizes the upper limit value of the remaining amount of the storage battery based on the characteristic curve of charging (the characteristic curve of FIG. 7A). The time to 90% (time to reach point a2 in FIG. 7A) is predicted (see FIG. 6, steps S9 and S10). Specifically, the prediction unit 44 extends the characteristic curve of FIG. 7A (see the broken line in FIG. 7) and calculates the time to reach 90% by calculation (see FIG. 15, step S10-1). . In this case, assuming that the time to reach the maximum value of charging is “10 minutes”, the storage battery 4 is charged during that time (see FIG. 15, step S10-2, FIG. 6, step S11).

Specifically, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, charge command unit 45) charges the storage battery 4 to the smart power manager 22 of all the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C via the communication unit 15d. The command is transmitted as a control command (see FIG. 15, step S10-2). This charge command is received from the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 20 through the relay 13 by the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C, and further through the smart meter 11 of each power generation facility The communication unit 22d of the smart power manager 22 (see FIG. 9) receives the command, and the smart power manager 22 recognizes the charging command (see step S5 in FIG. 16).

Then, the smart power manager 22 of each power generation facility sends a charge command to the battery controller 7 via the communication bus 23 (see step S6 in FIG. 16). The battery controller 7 controls the electric power sent from the solar power generator 2 to the DC bus 21 via the converter 5 and the electric power sent from the wind power generator 3 to the DC bus 21 via the converter 5 based on the charging command. Are charged to the storage battery 4.

Meanwhile, the battery remaining amount measuring system 24 (see FIG. 10) constantly detects the remaining amount of the storage battery 4 by the state sensor 24a, and transmits the remaining amount data from the communication unit 24c via the communication bus 23 to the smart power It sends to the manager 22 (see FIG. 16, step S13). Therefore, even during the charging period, the remaining battery charge data m1, m2, m3... Is transmitted from the smart power manager 22 to the smart meter 11, and the monitoring control is performed via the wireless relay device 13 and the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 20. It is transmitted to the device 15 (see FIG. 16, steps S14 and S15). Therefore, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) can always grasp the remaining battery level of the storage battery 4 even during the charging period. The smart power manager 22 stores the remaining battery charge data in the data storage unit 22c (see step S14 in FIG. 16).

When the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) determines that the storage battery residual amount reaches 90%, the charge stop instruction unit 46 (see FIG. 23) first performs the charge stop instruction for each power generation facility. It transmits to the smart power manager 22 (see FIG. 15, steps S11 and S11-1). When the charge stop command is received by each smart power manager 22 of each power generation facility 1 through the same route as described above (see step S7 in FIG. 16), the manager 22 charges the battery controller 7 A stop command is sent (see FIG. 16, steps S7 and S8). Thereby, charging in each power generation facility is stopped. Note that charging can be stopped sequentially from the power generation facility in which the storage battery level has reached 90%. In this case, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, charge stop command unit 46) Send a charge stop command with the ID number.

When the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) determines that the charge reaches 90%, the drive start instructing unit of the preliminary load drive instructing unit 47 (see FIG. 23) of the monitoring control device 15 A command 47a sends a drive command for the preload (see step S12 in FIG. 6).

As the preliminary load, there are the above-described desalination apparatus, ice maker and the like. FIG. 14 shows the EV charger 36 connected to the distribution network 9, and in the present embodiment, the EV charger 36 is driven. The smart meters 29 are also connected to the spare loads, and the driving of the spare loads is performed via the smart meters 29.

At this time, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) determines the remaining battery capacity for each of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, and 1C. For example, the power generation facilities that first reached 90% It can be configured to transmit the preliminary load drive command.

The preliminary load drive command of the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, drive start command unit 47a) is transmitted from the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 20 from the communication unit 15d through the hub, and the spare load drive command is the wireless relay device 13 , And is received by each smart meter 11 through the wireless transmission / reception device 12.

The smart meter 11 transmits the above-mentioned preliminary load drive command to the above-mentioned smart power manager 22, and based on the preliminary load drive command (see FIG. 16, step S9), the manager 22 operates to drive the preliminary load. The drive command is transmitted to the EV charger 36, and the battery controller 7 is controlled to control the power of the storage battery 4 to the EV charger 36 (see step S10 in FIG. 16). As a result, the EV charger 36 is charged with electric power for EV. In addition, what is necessary is just to transmit ID number of the power generation installation which transmits instruction | command with a preliminary | backup load drive command, when driving only the preliminary | backup load of specific power generation installation 1A or 1B or 1C. In this case, the smart power manager 22 of each power generation facility determines whether the command is for itself or not based on the ID number, and drives the spare load only when the ID number match is detected. If the ID numbers do not match, pre-loading is not performed.

Even during the driving period of the spare load, the battery remaining amount data is transmitted from the battery remaining amount measuring system 24 to the smart power manager 22 as in the charging period (see steps S13 to S15 in FIG. 16). The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) can always grasp the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery 4. When the reserve load is driven, the remaining battery capacity gradually decreases from point a2 (90%) by the drive of the reserve load as shown in FIG. 7A, and the monitoring control device 15 Recognize the decrease in the battery level.

After that, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) monitors the remaining amount of the storage battery 4, and when the charge value of the storage battery 4 becomes 30% or less of the remaining amount of battery, the monitoring control device 15 is driven. The stop command unit 47b (see FIG. 23) transmits preliminary load drive stop guidance (see FIG. 6, steps S13 and S14). Similarly, the preliminary load drive stop guidance is also transmitted from the communication unit 15 d and the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 20, and is received by the smart power manager 22 via the wireless relay device 13 (see FIG. 16, step S 11), Based on the drive stop command, the manager 22 transmits a drive stop command of the preliminary load to the preliminary load (EV charger 36) (see step S12 in FIG. 16). Based on this, the driving of the EV charger 36 (or the water pump 37, the sewage pump 39) in the storage battery 4 is stopped.

Further, under the control of the smart power manager 22, the storage battery 4 is fully charged to 104% which is the maximum value once a week to prevent the performance deterioration of the storage battery (see step S16 in FIG. 16). When the battery controller 7 receives a full charge command from the smart power manager 22, it sends the power from the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3 to the storage battery 4 via the converter 5 via the DC bus 21. The storage battery 4 is fully charged to 104%.

As described above, in each storage battery 4, when the value becomes lower than the lowermost value (30% charge) shown in FIG. 7A, the drive of the reserve load is turned off, and when it becomes the maximum value (90% charge) or more, the reserve load The life of the lead-acid battery can be extended by repeating the charge and discharge cycle to start driving.

As a result of the above prediction, in the case of (Σ generated power <) consumed power), the monitoring control device 15 performs the following demand control (see FIG. 6, step S8 and later, FIG. 7 (b)).

In this case, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) recognizes the present generated power (point b1 in FIG. 7 (b)), and based on the characteristic curve of power consumption, 23) predicts the power consumption after 10 minutes (point b2 in FIG. 7B) (see FIG. 6, steps S16 and S17).

At this time, if the predicted power consumption at point b2 exceeds the total power of the remaining battery power, the amount of power generated by solar light, and the amount of power generated by wind power, the customer power restriction command is sent out as a control command (Figure 6, see steps S17 and S18). If the predicted power consumption value is within the range of the total power amount, the power limit command is not transmitted.

When the power limit command is issued, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, power limit command unit 49b of the demand control command unit 49) uses the power consumption of each customer in the storage area 27 (see FIG. 11) of the data storage unit 15c. By checking the quantities d1, d2, etc., the power restriction command is transmitted to the consumer with large power consumption. For example, in the case of transmitting a power limit command to the customer 10-3, the power limit command to which ID = 103 is added is sent from the communication unit 15d via the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving apparatus 20.

The power limiting command is received by the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving apparatus 12 of the power generation facility 1 via the relay 13 and is further received by the smart meter 18 of each customer 10 from the wireless transmitting / receiving apparatus 12. In the customer 10-3 having the same ID number, it is received by the smart meter 18, and the controller 19 recognizes that it is a power limiting command to itself, and the controller 19 concerned is concerned with the customer 10-3. Control to limit the power consumption by, for example, turning off the power of a specific electric device in use. In the monitoring control device 15, the signal of the power limit command can include the number of the contact point of the specific electric device to be subjected to the power limit in the customer 10-3. In this case, the contact number The power supply of the electrical device identified in As described above, the monitoring control device 15 can also identify the device at the consumer subject to the power limitation.

The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) obtains the power consumption information from each customer 10 even during the power restriction command, and the power consumption decreases, and the demand power value If it is determined that the total amount of electric power falls within the above-mentioned range (see step S18-1 in FIG. 17), the demand recovery command unit 49a of the monitoring control device 15 (see FIG. 17) is shown for the customer 10-3. 23) transmits a demand recovery guidance (see FIG. 6, step S19). That is, the demand recovery guidance is wirelessly transmitted from the communication unit 15 d to the power generation facility 1 through the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving apparatus 20 as well.

The demand recovery command is received by the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 of the power generation facility 1 via the wireless relay device 13 and is received by the smart meter 18 of each customer 10 from the wireless transmission / reception device 12. In the customer 10-3 having the same ID number, the controller 19 of the customer recognizes that it is a recovery command to itself, and the controller 19 turns off the electricity in the customer 10-3. Recovery is performed by turning on the power of the device. The demand recovery command is ignored at the customer 10 whose ID number does not match.

Even when the customer power restriction command is sent out, the demand forecasting operation is always continued at fixed time intervals, and when the predicted power consumption value falls within the total power range, the demand recovery guidance is sent ( Refer to FIG. 6, steps S19 and S20, FIG. 17, and step S19).

Next, another embodiment of the preload control in steps S6 to S14 of FIG. 6 will be described below. The configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 18, FIG. 19, FIG. In FIGS. 18 and 19, the same parts as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 and the corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description will be omitted for convenience. The flow of data between the monitoring control device 15 and each power generation facility 1 is the same as in the above embodiment unless otherwise specified. Further, in the following description, FIG. 24 which is a functional block diagram of the CPU 15 b of the monitoring control device 15 will be referred to as appropriate.

In FIG. 18, the difference from FIG. 3 is that in the DC bus 21, two units of spare storage batteries 4 ′ and four battery controllers 7 ′ (four units) corresponding to each spare storage battery are provided in parallel with other storage batteries. This point is provided (the same applies to FIG. 19). Then, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the state of the remaining battery capacity and the like of the auxiliary storage battery 4 ′ is monitored by the remaining battery capacity measuring system 24 (see FIG. 19). In the storage area 38 'of the data storage unit 15c of the monitoring control device 15, the electric power f1, f2 [kw], voltage [V], current [A], and battery remaining amount of each of the spare storage batteries 4'-1 and 4'-2. g1, g2 [%] are stored. The two units of spare storage batteries 4 'are indicated by reference numerals 4'-1 and 4'-2 when they are distinguished.

The monitoring control device 15 performs the following reserve load control using the spare storage battery 4 '. In addition, since this control performs charge / discharge control of the spare storage battery 4 'based on the remaining amount of the storage battery 4, it can be said to be control for operating the spare storage battery 4' as a spare load (preload of FIG. 14). As spare battery 4 ')).

Further, in the following control, the storage battery 4 is automatically charged during the daytime when power generation is performed by the solar power generator 2 (see the daytime areas E1 and E3 in FIG. 21A), and the solar power generation is performed. The basic control of performing discharge of the storage battery 4 automatically and consuming the power of the storage battery at night during which power generation by the aircraft 2 is not performed (see night areas E2 and E4 in FIG. 21A) is performed. It is assumed that it is included. The charge and discharge control of the storage battery 4 is performed by the smart power manager 22.

In a situation where the generated power exceeds the consumed power (see step S6 in FIG. 6), the storage area 4 of each power generation facility 1 is charged by the solar power generator 2 during the daytime, so charging of the smart power manager 22 is performed. The power is charged according to the command, and as shown in area E1 of the storage battery residual amount in FIG. 21 (a), the storage battery residual amount increases (see curve L1).

Here, if the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, the comparison unit 43) determines that the storage battery residual amount (for example, average value) is 85% with respect to the average full charge (100%) of the storage battery 4 (FIG. 22) , See step S21), the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, spare storage battery charge command unit 51a of the spare load drive command unit 51) transmits a charge start command for the spare storage battery 4 '(FIG. 22, step S22). The charge start command is transmitted from the smart meter control system 60 to the smart meter 29 of the spare storage battery 4 'and sent from the smart meter 29 to the smart power manager 22, and the manager 22 controls the battery controller 7' of the spare storage battery 4 '. , And charging of the auxiliary storage battery 4 'starts. Thus, charging is performed on the spare storage battery 4 '(see FIG. 16, steps S5 and S6, and FIG. 21 (b), curve L1' of the spare storage battery).

Then, when the monitoring control device 15 detects a sunset on the basis of the solar radiation meter 52 (see FIG. 24) (see FIG. 22, step S23), the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, spare storage battery charge command unit 51a) Sends a command to stop charging the spare battery 4 '(see step S24 in FIG. 22). This charge stop command is received from the supervisory control device 15 by the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 of the power generation facility 1 by the same wireless route as described above, and further transmitted from the smart meter control system 60 to the smart meter 29 of the spare battery 4 '. And sent to the smart power manager 22 from the smart meter 29 and instructed by the manager 22 to the battery controller 7 'of the spare storage battery 4' to stop charging of the spare storage battery 4 '(FIG. 21 (b), spare storage battery P1 point of the curve (see FIG. 16, steps S7 and S8).

The electric power generated by the solar power generator 2 is reduced due to sunset, so that in the nighttime area E2 (FIG. 21 (a)), in the customer 10, the storage battery remaining by using the storage battery residual amount of the storage battery 4 or the like The amount decreases (see FIG. 21 (a), curve L2). Then, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, comparison unit 43) detects that the storage battery residual amount (for example, any one of the storage batteries 4) has become 33% (see FIG. 22, step S25). Control device 15 (FIG. 24, spare storage battery discharge command unit 51b) transmits a discharge start command for spare storage battery 4 '(see FIG. 22, step S26), and based on this, discharge of spare storage battery 4' is started. (Refer FIG.21 (b), curve L2 'of a spare storage battery.). The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, charge command unit 45) transmits a charge command of the storage battery 4 together with the discharge start command of the storage battery discharge command unit 51b, whereby charging of the storage battery 4 is started. .

That is, by discharging the spare storage battery 4 ′, DC power is supplied to the DC bus 21 of DC 380 V, the supplied DC power is charged to the storage battery 4, and the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery 4 gradually rises (FIG. 21). (A) See curve L3).

Then, when the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, comparison unit 43) detects that the storage battery residual amount (for example, any one) has reached 35% (see FIG. 22, step S27), the monitoring control device 24 (FIG. 24, spare battery discharge command unit 51b) transmits a discharge stop command for the spare battery 4 'and stops the discharge of the spare battery 4' (FIG. 22, step S28, FIG. 21 (b), spare battery Curve point P2).

After that, since it is already daytime (see the daytime area E3 in FIG. 21 (a)), the storage battery 4 is charged by the power generation of the solar power generator 2, and the storage battery capacity increases ( 21 (a), curve L3 reference). At this time, the supervisory control device 15 (FIG. 24, second spare battery charge command unit 53) refers to the timer 54, and during 12 o'clock to 13 o'clock every day (one hour), the charge command for the spare battery 4 'is issued. Based on this, the spare battery 4 'is charged (FIG. 21 (b), curve L3' of the spare battery, FIG. 22, steps S29 to S32, FIG. 16, steps S5 and S6).

Thereafter, the control when the battery remaining amount of the storage battery 4 reaches 85% is similar to the above, and the same control is repeatedly performed thereafter.

By charging and discharging the spare storage battery 4 'as described above, the excess power generated in the daytime is also charged to the spare storage battery 4', and when the storage battery 4 discharges at night and the remaining amount decreases, the spare storage battery By discharging 4 'and charging the storage battery 4, efficient operation can be performed as a whole. For example, if one cycle of 33% to 85% of the lead storage battery (storage battery 4) is performed in one day, the life of the lead storage battery can be determined based on the number of cycles of the lead storage battery.

Moreover, the storage area 4 can be operated between 85% and 33%, and the life of the storage battery can be extended. The above 85%, 33%, and 35% are not limited to this, and other reference values, for example, 80%, 30%, 33%, etc., can be arbitrarily set the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the remaining battery charge. .

As described above, the balance between the generated power and the consumed power can be balanced by demand response control of supply shortage prediction and preliminary load control of power generation excess prediction.

The monitoring control device 15 can check the power consumption of each customer 10 with the monitor as the display unit 15 f based on the power consumption obtained from the smart meter 18 of each customer 10. In addition, the status of demand control can also be confirmed by the monitor. That is, the status of the above-mentioned preliminary load control and the status of the above-mentioned demand control are displayed on the above-mentioned display of the above-mentioned supervisory control device 15 by the graph display like FIGS. 7 (a) (b) and FIGS. The information can be displayed on the part 15f, and the state of control and the supply and demand of power can be viewed on the monitor and control device 15 in substantially real time. At the same time, in the monitoring control device 15, the information in the data storage unit 15c, that is, the storage areas 27, 28, 38, 38 'shown in FIG. 11 to FIG. Further, since the generated power of the power generation facility is sequentially stored, the relationship between the consumed power and the generated power can be displayed on the display unit 15f in substantially real time.

Regarding the status of spare load control and the status of demand control shown in FIG. 7B, the monitoring control device 15 uses the technology of VPN (Virtual Private Network) to communicate satellites 30 and / or the Internet network 31. For example, since it is connected to the cloud server 16 in Japan, the status of the above-mentioned preliminary load control and the above-mentioned demand control of the power generation facility installed in foreign countries, the power consumption of the customer, the power generation of the power generation facility The situation can be confirmed anytime in substantially real time in Japan by a personal computer or a tablet computer connected to the cloud server 16 or the like.

Specifically, the VPN router 32 provided in the supervisory control device 15 is wirelessly connected to the communication carrier station 33 in Japan via the communication satellite 30, and the communication carrier station 33 and the Internet network 31 are connected. It is done. A cloud server 16 in Japan is connected to the Internet network 31 via a VPN router 34 and a firewall 35.

Therefore, the cloud server 16 can receive various data in the monitoring control device 15 in the foreign country through the communication satellite 30 and the Internet network 31 by the VPN. Therefore, the monitor of the cloud server 16 or a personal computer or a tablet computer connected to the cloud server 16 can totalize the power supply amount related to the EMS in the monitoring control device 15. Similarly, on a monitor such as a personal computer connected to the cloud server 16 via the Internet network 31, the monitoring control device 15 installed on a remote island in a foreign country at any time and anywhere in Japan. It is possible to confirm information, that is, the power supply and demand condition, and the status of reserve load control and demand control in substantially real time.

The various data accumulated in the cloud server 16 is used as basic data for the bilateral credit system (JCM) with the country where the power system is installed, and the state of implementation of greenhouse gas emission reduction It can be used as measurement, report, verification (MRV) data.

Data in the cloud server 16 can be released via the Internet 31. Therefore, by viewing data in the cloud server 16 via the Internet 31 in a country using Japan and the Bilateral Credit System (JMC), the Bilateral Credit System is also available in the above foreign countries. It can be used as basic data for (JCM), and can be used as measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) data on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

As described above, according to the power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a stable off-grid hybrid power generation system even on a remote island or the like where no power plant exists.

In addition, a totally renewable energy power generation system is realized that uses solar power generation, wind power generation, and a storage battery without using any internal combustion power generation.

In addition, since the power generation facility is controlled by a DC-linked self-supporting distributed power supply (HVDC), it is easy to add the power generation facility as compared with the AC power supply system.

In addition, since high voltage direct current (HVDC) power supply is performed and alternating current power output of one circuit is performed via a linked inverter, power output control can be easily performed. Therefore, the grid connection unit (power output) can also be redundant and expanded.

In addition, using a two-way smart meter (power generation unit, customer), a lead storage battery, and a battery residual amount measurement system (BMU) as sensors for balance control calculation, efficient control is performed while being inexpensive It is.

Moreover, control output can utilize the input-output contact of a smart meter, and can perform control of selection load easily.

Moreover, in the case of power generation facility expansion, it is possible to easily perform synchronous operation between the power generation facilities by using an optical fiber in the power generation facility. That is, since synchronization between the power generation facilities can be performed by matching the power factor, frequency, voltage, etc. on the output side (AC side) of the grid-linked inverter 6, synchronous operation of a plurality of power generation facilities can be easily performed. It can be carried out.

According to the present invention, power can be supplied efficiently and stably off-grid even in areas such as remote islands where sufficient power generation infrastructure does not exist, for example.

In addition, even with a renewable energy utilization power generation facility such as solar power generation or wind power generation, stable power can be supplied.

In addition, spare power can be driven to effectively use the surplus power when surplus power is generated, and when the power consumption exceeds the generated power, the power consumption of a specific customer may be limited. It is possible to control the excessive use of electricity and balance the supply and demand of electricity appropriately.

In addition, during the daytime, it is possible to charge the spare battery with surplus power charged in the battery, and when the remaining amount of the battery decreases at night, the battery is charged by discharging the spare battery. It is possible to efficiently use the surplus storage battery remaining amount.

In addition, the power supply and demand information in the region where the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to foreign countries can be intensively accumulated by a cloud server in Japan using a communication satellite etc. For example, it can be used for bilateral credit system (JCM) on greenhouse gas emission reduction, and measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of the implementation status of greenhouse gas reduction.

Furthermore, for example, using the frequency band of the WiFi standard, the monitoring control device wirelessly receives all the supplied power amount information and the power consumption amount information, and all the control commands from the monitoring control device are also wirelessly performed. The application to the area where the communication infrastructure does not exist can also be performed without any problem.

For example, on a remote island where there is no stable power generation infrastructure in a foreign country, stable power supply on off grid can be achieved by installing a power supply system using the renewable energy generation power generation facility of the present invention. Power supply and demand data of the system can be accumulated in Japan, and can be used for JMC.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generation equipment 1A-1C Power generation equipment 2 Solar power generator 3 Wind power generator 4 Storage battery 4 'Spare battery 10 Consumer 11 Smart meter 13 Wireless repeater 15 Monitoring control device 18 Smart meter 24 Battery remaining measurement system 30 Communication satellite 31 Internet 47 Spare load drive command part 47a Drive start command part 47b Drive stop command part 49 Demand control command part 49a Recovery command part 49b Power limit command part 51 Spare load drive command part 51a Spare battery charge command part 51b Spare battery discharge command part 53 2nd spare battery charge command unit

Claims (7)

A power supply and demand unit system consisting of a power generation facility using only renewable energy, a power storage facility, and a power generation facility equipped with a backup load, and a plurality of customers who receive only the power supply from the power facility. And the power supply and demand unit system is provided in a predetermined area, and
In the predetermined area, a monitoring control device is provided which monitors the supply and demand condition of power of the power supply and demand unit system and controls the balance of power supply and demand in each of the power supply and demand unit system,
Each of the power generation facilities and each of the customers is provided with a smart meter, and the monitoring control device wirelessly communicates with the power supply and demand unit system through the smart meters and consumes power in each of the customers. Data concerning the power generated by each power generation facility, and data regarding the remaining amount of battery of the power storage facility, and based on these data, a control command for balance between supply and demand of power, the power supply and demand unit system Control of the power supply by wireless transmission to the
And a cloud server device capable of receiving and storing the data relating to power consumption in the supervisory control device, the data relating to generated power, and the data relating to the remaining amount of battery via a communication network,
A power supply system using a renewable energy utilization power generation facility, wherein the cloud server device and the monitoring control device are connected communicably with each other by a communication satellite and / or an internet network. The above-mentioned power generation equipment using renewable energy is composed of a solar power generator, a wind power generator, a biomass generator, a hydroelectric generator, or a combination of any two or more of them.
The electric power supply and demand unit system according to claim 1, wherein the electric power supply and demand unit system is not connected to an external electric power system which is an existing power plant, and is configured as a complete off grid. system. The monitoring control device monitors the power generated by the power generation facility and the power consumption of the customer, and when there is an excessive amount of power generation, supplies a preliminary load drive command unit that performs a preliminary load control operation to drive the preliminary load In the case of power shortage, the system comprises a demand control command unit that performs demand response control operation including a power limit command to the customer, and the generated power and power consumption are generated by the spare load drive command unit and the demand control command unit. The power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is balanced with the amount. The power storage facility is constituted by a plurality of storage batteries, and a battery residual quantity measuring system capable of detecting the storage battery residual quantity is provided,
The spare load drive commanding part of the monitoring control device sets the upper limit value to the upper limit value with the upper limit being a value slightly lower than the maximum value of the storage battery remaining amount detected by the battery remaining amount measurement system. A drive start instruction unit capable of transmitting a drive start instruction to start driving the preliminary load as the control instruction when an amount has arrived;
The lower limit value of the storage battery remaining amount detected in the battery remaining amount measurement system by driving the spare load is a value slightly higher than the minimum value of the storage battery remaining amount, when the storage location remaining amount reaches the lower limit value 4. A power supply system using a renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to claim 3, further comprising: a drive stop command unit for stopping the driving of the preliminary load as a control command. The demand control command unit in the supervisory control device transmits, as the control command, a power limit command for limiting power consumption to a specific demander, and when the shortage of supplied power disappears The power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising: a recovery command unit that transmits a recovery command to the customer. Two or more power supply and demand unit systems are provided in the predetermined area,
The renewable energy utilization power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the monitoring control device performs balance control of power supply by performing wireless communication with the two or more power supply and demand unit systems. Power supply system using equipment. The power storage facility is constituted by a plurality of storage batteries, and a battery residual quantity measuring system capable of detecting the storage battery residual quantity is provided,
In addition to the storage battery, a spare storage battery is provided, and the remaining battery capacity of the spare storage battery can be detected by the battery remaining capacity measurement system,
The spare load drive commanding part of the monitoring control device sets the upper limit value to the upper limit value with the upper limit being a value slightly lower than the maximum value of the storage battery remaining amount detected by the battery remaining amount measurement system. A reserve battery charge command unit that transmits a charge command of the spare battery when an amount has arrived, and sends a charge stop command of the spare battery when it is detected that a sunset has been detected;
The discharge instruction of the spare storage battery is transmitted when the remaining amount of the storage area reaches the lower limit value, with the storage battery remaining amount slightly higher than the minimum value of the storage battery remaining amount, and the discharge of the spare storage battery is performed by discharging the spare storage battery. A storage battery discharge command unit for transmitting a discharge stop command for the storage battery when the storage battery is charged and the storage battery residual amount becomes a value slightly higher than the lower limit value;
The electric power using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to claim 3, further comprising: a second spare battery charge commanding part for charging the spare battery, for a certain period of daytime when the storage battery is charged. Supply system.

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