WO2016145662A1 - Uplink multi-user access method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are an uplink multi-user access method and apparatus. A plurality of STAs can simultaneously send access request frames to an AP on K channels; and the AP receives the access request frames on the K channels, adjusts the size of a backoff window according to reception results on the K channels, carries the adjusted backoff window in an access permission frame and a broadcast frame and sends same to the STAs, so that in the next round of access, various STAs gain access according to the adjusted backoff window. Compared with the prior art, in the method in the present embodiment, the time for sending an access request frame is shortened by parallelly sending access request frames on a plurality of channels, so that the protocol overhead of judging an accessible STA in the request-permission process is reduced, and the occurrence of a conflict can be avoided by adjusting the size of a backoff window.

Description

Uplink multi-user access method and device Technical field

The embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to an uplink multi-user access method and apparatus.

Background technique

In recent years, the wireless local area network (WLAN) has been deeply involved in people's daily lives. The WLAN mainly includes two network entities: an access point (AP) and a station (station, abbreviated as STA). The STA is a terminal device in the WLAN, and the AP is a relay node to which the WLAN is connected to the Internet, and is responsible for transmitting data of the STA to the Internet, and is also responsible for transmitting data of the Internet to the STA.

With the advent of the mobile Internet era, the number of STAs has soared. The emergence of massive STAs has promoted the further development of WLAN, and it has also brought challenges to WLAN. The WLAN is mainly composed of a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical layer. When the MAC layer protocol is faced with a large number of STAs, only one STA is allowed to access at a time, resulting in poor access performance of the WLAN. The STA accesses the WLAN through the access method of the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) and the Point Coordination Function (PCF). DCF access method utilizes carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance

(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance, CSMA/CA for short) random access mechanism transmits data. In the case of massive STAs, the channel conflict is serious, and the DCF access method uses data packets as the basic unit of the contention channel, and the DCF channel conflict continues. The time is at least the length of one packet, and a large amount of channel time is wasted on channel collisions. The PCF access method has a large polling time overhead. The basic working principle of the PCF access method is to sequentially query each STA and then schedule data transmission. As the number of STAs increases, polling STAs one by one requires a large amount of channel time, reducing the ratio of effective data transmission time.

In the process of arbitrating the channel of the conflict-free access STA, the control information is transmitted, and the real data information is not transmitted, so it belongs to the overhead of the access protocol. It can be seen that in the prior art, the time overhead occupied by the protocol overhead is too large, and the time ratio of effective data transmission is small.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the invention provides an uplink multi-user access method and device, which reduces the protocol overhead of multiple users in the process of accessing the network.

A first aspect of the present invention provides an uplink multi-user access method, including:

The access point AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, and stops receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time, where K is greater than or equal to 2;

The AP determines the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels according to the receiving result on the K channels, and adjusts the backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels;

The AP allocates an access resource to the accessible STA, and the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on the collision-free channel;

The AP sends an access grant frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the access grant frame includes an access resource allocated for the accessible STA and An adjusted backoff window, where the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel for sending the access request frame to the accessible STA;

The AP sends a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, and the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window.

With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the AP allocates an access resource to an accessible STA, including:

The AP sends a channel measurement request frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the accessible STA of the K channels. Sending a channel measurement frame;

Receiving, by the AP, the channel measurement frames respectively sent by the accessible STAs on the K channels, and acquiring the channel measurement frames respectively sent by the accessible STAs on the K channels, Access information of the STAs on the K channels;

And the AP allocates the access resource to the accessible STA according to the access information of the accessible STA on the K channels.

With reference to the first aspect of the present invention or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present disclosure, The number of idle channels adjusts the backoff window, including:

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 1: the number of the conflicting channels is greater than αW, and the number of the idle channels is less than βW, the AP will use the backoff window The value of ω is adjusted to min{ω*W, W _max }, where W _max is the maximum value of the backoff window, W is the current value of the backoff window, and the value of ω is greater than 1;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 2: the number of the conflicting channels is smaller than αW, and the number of the idle channels is greater than βW, the AP will be the backoff window. The value is adjusted to max{W/ω, W _min }, where W _min is the minimum value of the backoff window;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels do not satisfy any one of the condition 1 and the condition 2, the AP keeps the value of the backoff window unchanged.

In conjunction with the first aspect of the present invention and any one of the first and second possible implementations of the first aspect of the present invention, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the access Before the point AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, the method further includes:

The AP determines the reception termination time according to the backoff window, the backoff slot, the transmission time of the access request frame, and the length of the access request frame.

With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present disclosure, before the AP allocates access resources to the accessible STA, the method further includes :

If the AP determines that the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number, and the AP determines that the received access request frames are non-real-time access request frames, the AP is in the A contention control frame is respectively sent on the K channels, and the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all STAs whose access request frames are successfully transmitted. And the contention control frame is used to notify the associated STA to resend the access request frame;

The AP respectively receives an access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels.

With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:

Receiving, by the AP, the data frame sent by the accessible STA on the access resource of the accessible STA;

The AP returns an ACK frame to the accessible STA on the access resource of the accessible STA.

A second aspect of the present invention provides an uplink multi-user access method, including:

The station STA selects an access channel and an access backoff slot according to the K channels and the backoff window;

Sending, by the STA, an access request frame to the access point AP according to the access channel and the access backoff slot;

The STA performs interception on the access channel, and if the STA receives an access grant frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the access grant frame includes the adjusted backoff The window and the access resource allocated to the STA, the STA updates the value of the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and sends a data frame to the AP on the access resource;

If the STA receives the broadcast frame sent by the AP on the access channel, and the broadcast frame includes the adjusted backoff window, the STA updates the value of the backoff window to the Adjusted backoff window.

With reference to the second aspect of the present invention, in a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the present disclosure, before the STA receives an access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the method further includes :

Receiving, by the STA, a channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the STA to send a channel measurement frame on a specified measurement resource;

The STA sends a channel measurement frame to the AP on the measurement resource.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the STA receives an access permission returned by the AP on the access channel. Before the frame, the method further includes:

Receiving, by the STA, a contention control frame sent by the AP, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all access request frames successfully sent. The identity of the STA;

Determining, by the STA, whether its identity is in the list of identifiable STAs;

If the identifier of the STA is not in the list of the identifiable STAs, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and retransmits the AP according to the adjusted backoff window. Incoming request frame;

If the identifier of the STA is in the list of the identifiable STAs, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window.

A third aspect of the present invention provides an AP, including:

a receiving module, configured to respectively receive an access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, and stop receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time, where K is greater than or equal to 2;

a first determining module, configured to determine, according to the receiving result on the K channels, a number of conflicting channels and a number of idle channels;

And an adjusting module, configured to adjust a backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels;

An allocation module, configured to allocate an access resource to an accessible STA, where the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on a collision-free channel;

a sending module, configured to send an access permission frame to the accessable STA on a collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the access permission frame includes an access allocated to the accessible STA a channel and an adjusted backoff window, where the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel for sending the access request frame to the accessible STA;

The sending module is further configured to send a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, where the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window.

In conjunction with the third aspect of the present invention, in a first possible implementation manner of the third aspect of the present invention, the distribution module is specifically configured to:

Transmitting a channel measurement request frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the accessible STA to send a channel on the K channels Measuring frame

Receiving a channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels, and acquiring the accessible STA according to the channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels Access information on the K channels;

And allocating the access resource to the accessible STA according to the access information of the accessible STA on the K channels.

With reference to the third aspect of the present invention or the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect of the present invention, in a second possible implementation manner of the third aspect of the present invention, the adjusting module is specifically configured to:

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 1: the number of the conflicting channels is greater than αW, and the number of the idle channels is less than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted. Is min{ω*W, W _max }, where W _max is the maximum value of the backoff window, W is the current value of the backoff window, and the value of ω is greater than 1;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 2: the number of the conflicting channels is smaller than αW, and the number of the idle channels is greater than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted to Max{W/ω, W _min }, where W _min is the minimum value of the backoff window;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels do not satisfy any one of the condition 1 and the condition 2, the AP keeps the value of the backoff window unchanged.

With reference to the third aspect of the present invention and any one of the first and second possible implementation manners of the third aspect of the present invention, in a third possible implementation manner of the third aspect of the present invention, the AP is further include:

And a second determining module, configured to determine the receiving termination time according to the backoff window, the backoff slot, the sending moment of the access request frame, and the length of the access request frame.

With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the third aspect of the present invention, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the AP determines that the number of received access request frames is smaller than a preset one. And the AP determines that the received access request frames are non-real-time access request frames;

The sending module is further configured to separately send a contention control frame on the K channels, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs is included The identifier of the STA that is successfully sent by all the access request frames, where the contention control frame is used to notify the associated STA to resend the access request frame;

The receiving module is further configured to separately receive an access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels.

With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the third aspect of the present invention, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the receiving module is further configured to:

Receiving, on the access resource of the accessible STA, a data frame sent by the accessible STA;

The sending module is further configured to return an ACK frame to the accessible STA on an access resource of the accessible STA.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a station STA, including:

a selection module, configured to select an access channel and an access backoff slot according to the K channels and the backoff window;

a sending module, configured to send an access request frame to the access point AP according to the access channel and the access backoff slot;

a receiving module, configured to perform monitoring on the access channel, and receive an access permission frame sent by the AP;

The sending module is further configured to: if the receiving module receives an access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the access permission frame includes the adjusted backoff window and the Determining the access resource allocated by the STA, updating the value of the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and sending a data frame to the AP on the access resource;

If the receiving module receives the broadcast frame sent by the AP on the access channel, and the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window, update the value of the backoff window to the adjusted The backoff window.

With reference to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in a first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the receiving module is further configured to: receive a channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, where the channel measurement request frame is used by Notifying the STA to send a channel measurement frame on a specified measurement resource;

The sending module is further configured to send a channel measurement frame to the AP on the measurement resource.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect of the present invention, in a second possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the STA further includes a determining module;

The receiving module is further configured to receive a contention control frame that is sent by the AP, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all The identifier of the STA that successfully sent the request frame;

The determining module is configured to determine whether an identifier of the STA is in a list of the identifiable STAs;

The sending module is further configured to: if the identifier of the STA is not in the list of the identifiable STAs, update the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, according to the adjusted backoff window Said AP resending the access request frame;

If the identifier of the STA is in the list of the identifiable STAs, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window.

A fifth aspect of the present invention provides an access point AP, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a system bus, where the memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor through the system bus and complete each other Communication

The memory is configured to store a computer execution instruction;

The communication interface is used to communicate with other devices;

The processor, operative to execute the computer-executable instructions, to perform the method of any of the first to fifth possible implementations of the first aspect of the invention and the first aspect of the invention.

A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a station STA, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a system bus, wherein the memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor through the system bus and complete communication with each other;

The memory is configured to store a computer execution instruction;

The communication interface is used to communicate with other devices;

The processor for executing the computer-executable instructions to perform the method of any of the first and second possible implementations of the second aspect of the invention and the second aspect of the invention.

According to the uplink multi-user access method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention, multiple STAs may simultaneously send an access request frame to the AP on the K channel, and the AP receives the access request frame on the K channels, according to the K channels. The receiving result adjusts the size of the backoff window, and the adjusted backoff window is carried in the access permission frame and the broadcast frame and sent to the STA, so that in the next round of access, each STA accesses according to the adjusted backoff window. Compared with the prior art, the method of the embodiment reduces the time for transmitting the access request frame by transmitting the access request frame in parallel on multiple channels, thereby reducing the protocol for adjudicating the accessible STA in the request-licensing process. Overhead, and by adjusting the size of the backoff window, collisions can be avoided.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description of the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a timing diagram of a multi-user access process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

4 is a timing diagram of a multi-user access procedure applicable to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of a multi-user access process according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is a partial embodiment of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

The method of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a WLAN system, and the Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is adopted in the method of the embodiment of the present invention. technology. The OFDMA technology is a channel access technology based on the OFDM physical layer, allowing multiple STAs to access simultaneously, and multiple STAs share the transmission bandwidth.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In this embodiment, it is assumed that a WLAN system has a total of K channels, and K is greater than or equal to 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the method of this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step 101: The AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels, and stops receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time.

When a STA has data transmission, the STA first selects one channel from the K channels as an access channel, and selects a backoff slot as an access backoff slot according to the backoff window. For example, if K is 10, then the STA Select one channel from 10 channels as the access channel. Assuming the size of the backoff window is 32, the backoff window includes 32 backoff slots, and the STA can be from 32. One backoff slot is randomly selected as an access backoff slot in the backoff slot.

After selecting the access channel and the access backoff slot, the STA sends an access request frame to the AP according to the access channel and the access backoff slot, and the access request frame is used to request an access channel, and the access request frame may be The format of the Request to Send (RTS) frame in the existing standard is adopted. Of course, a new message format can also be defined. Specifically, the STA monitors the signal in each time slot on the access channel according to the carrier sensing manner. If the STA does not monitor the signal on a certain time slot on the access channel, the STA will back away. The time slot is decremented by 1 until the value of the access backoff slot is 0. The STA sends an access request frame to the AP on the access channel. If an existing access request frame is detected, the random request process is suspended. The access request frame is no longer sent. The AP may be associated with multiple STAs, and each of the STAs selects an access channel and an access backoff slot. Each STA sends an access request to the AP according to the carrier interception mode in the selected access channel and the access backoff slot. frame. The access request frame sent by each STA includes its own identifier, and the access request carries the identifier of the STA in order to enable the AP to identify the STA according to the identifier of the STA. Optionally, the access request frame may further include data to be sent. The frame information, the information of the data frame to be sent is specifically the number of the data frames to be sent, and the size of each data frame to be sent, and the data frame information to be sent in the access request frame is used to enable the AP to allocate the STA. The resource can allocate appropriate access resources to the STA according to the data frame information to be sent. When the information of the data frame to be transmitted is not included in the access request frame, the AP may allocate the access resources to each STA on average.

In this embodiment, the AP may receive an access request frame sent by the STA on all channels or part of the channel, and the AP stops receiving the access request frame when the receiving termination time arrives. The receiving termination time is calculated by the AP in advance. Specifically, the AP may determine the receiving termination time according to the backoff window, the backoff slot, the sending time of the access request frame, and the length of the access request frame.

FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of a multi-user access process according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, all bandwidths are divided into four channels by using OFDMA technology, and five STAs are required to access the network: STA A, B. , C, D, E. The (Synchronous, hereinafter referred to as SYNC) frame is a synchronization frame sent by the AP, and is used to enable each STA to determine the transmission time of the access request frame according to the synchronization frame. After receiving the access request frame frame sent by the STA, the AP returns to the STA. The access permission frame is used to notify the STA that the channel can be accessed. The access permission frame can be in the format of a Clear To Send (CRS) frame in the existing protocol. Of course, a new type of message can also be defined. Text format. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the access request frame adopts an RTS frame, and the access permission frame adopts a CTS frame, and the window broadcast frame (WB) frame is a broadcast frame sent by the AP, and the DATA frame is a data frame sent by the STA. (acknowledge, ACK for short) is the acknowledgement frame sent by the AP. Distributed Inter-frame Spacing (DIFS) is used to synchronize the transmission time of the access request frame. Short Interframe Space (Short Interframe Space, short for short) SIFS is used for node switching state. Synchronization Inter-frame Spacing (CIFS) is used to implement multi-STA synchronous transmission. W is a backoff window. One slot time (a Slot Time) is the length of the backoff slot.

The STA starts from the ACK frame sent by the previous round of channel access or the SYNC frame sent by the AP, and enters the random access procedure after the DIFS interval: A selects the first backoff slot of channel 1 to send the RTS frame, B The second backoff slot of channel 2 is selected to transmit the RTS frame, C selects the first backoff slot of channel 3 to transmit the RTS frame, D selects the second backoff slot of channel 4 to transmit the RTS frame, and E selects The second backoff slot of channel 4 transmits an RTS frame. The AP receives data on all four channels, receives the RTS frame sent by A on channel 1, receives the RTS frame sent by B on channel 2, and receives the RTS frame sent by C on channel 3, on channel 4. The RTS frame sends a collision, and the AP cannot recognize the RTS frame.

The AP determines the receiving termination time according to the backoff window, the backoff slot, the sending time of the access request frame, and the length of the access request frame. Specifically, the AP obtains the receiving termination time according to the formula: T+P+W*aSlotTime, where , T is the transmission time of the access request frame, and the value of T is obtained by adding the DISF to the transmission time of the SYNC frame or the ACK frame.

Step 102: The AP determines the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels according to the receiving result on the K channels, and adjusts the backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels.

Specifically, if the AP does not detect a signal on a certain channel, or the AP monitors the signal, but the strength of the monitored signal is less than a preset threshold, the AP determines that the channel is an idle channel, if the AP is on a certain channel. The signal is monitored, and the strength of the monitored signal is higher than a preset threshold. However, if the AP cannot correctly decode the signal to obtain an access request frame, the AP determines that the channel is a collision channel. After determining the number of conflicting channels and the number of idle channels, the AP may adjust the size of the backoff window as follows:

If the number of collision channels and the number of idle channels satisfy the condition 1: the number of collision channels is greater than αW, and the number of idle channels is smaller than βW, the AP adjusts the value of the backoff window to min{ω*W, W _max }, where W _max is the maximum value of the backoff window, W is the current value of the backoff window, ω is an integer greater than 1, and α is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1, and the value of β is Greater than 0 is less than or equal to 0.5.

The number of the conflicting channels is greater than αW, and the number of the idle channels is smaller than βW. This indicates that the number of STAs in the network is large, and the probability of STAs colliding is large. In this case, the backoff window needs to be increased to avoid STA collision.

If the number of collision channels and the number of idle channels satisfy condition 2: the number of collision channels is smaller than αW, and the number of idle channels is greater than βW, the AP adjusts the value of the backoff window to max{W/ω, W _min } Where W _min is the minimum value of the backoff window. The number of conflicting channels is smaller than αW, and the number of idle channels is greater than βW, which means that the number of STAs in the network is small, and the probability of STAs colliding is small. At this time, the backoff window can be reduced to increase the chance of STAs accessing the network.

If the number of conflicting channels and the number of idle channels do not satisfy any of the conditions of condition one and condition two, the AP keeps the value of the backoff window unchanged.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, there is no idle channel, channel 4 is a collision channel: channels 1 to 4, the number of collision channels is 1, and the number of idle channels is 0, and the value of the hold backoff window is determined by comparing APs.

Step 103: The AP allocates an access resource to the accessible STA, and the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on the collision-free channel.

The allocation policy for the AP to allocate access resources to the accessible STAs may be allocated according to the transport channel of the access request frame, or according to the historical transmission record of the accessible STAs, or the AP measures the conflict-free access corresponding to the STAs. The quality of the channel is assigned based on the measurement results. The allocation according to the transmission channel of the access request frame is specifically: on which channel the AP receives the access request frame sent by the accessible STA, and allocates the channel to the accessible STA. According to the historical transmission record allocation of the accessible STAs, the AP needs to record the history transmission records of all the associated STAs in advance, and the transmission records include: the channel used by each STA transmission, the transmission rate, the success rate of transmission, etc., AP The channel with the best transmission performance can be selected for the accessible STA according to the historical transmission record of the accessible STA.

The access resources allocated by the AP to the accessible STAs include: a transmission channel and a transmission time slot, and the length of the transmission time slot can be determined according to the number of accessible STAs, and of course, multiple accesses are allowed. The STAs share one channel, and the transmission time slots of each accessible STA are staggered.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the AP allocates channel 1 and channel 4 to STA A, channel 2 to STA B, and channel 3 to STA C. In this embodiment, channel 4 is a collision channel, and channel 4 is still Can be used, the AP assigns channel 4 to STA A for use.

Step 104: The AP sends an access permission frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA. The access permission frame includes an access resource allocated for the accessible STA and an adjusted backoff window. The collision-free channel corresponding to the access STA is a channel that can access the STA to send an access request.

Step 105: The AP sends a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, and the broadcast frame includes the adjusted backoff window.

The AP sends an access permission frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA after accessing the STA to access the STA, and the AP can access the STA. The channel on which the access request is sent, that is, on which channel the AP receives the access request frame, the AP returns an access grant frame to the STA on the channel, and the access grant frame includes the access resource allocated for the accessible STA. And the adjusted backoff window. After receiving the access permission frame, the accessible STA sends a data frame on the access resource, and uses the adjusted backoff window to access in the next round of access.

If there is a conflicting channel, the AP sends a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, and the broadcast frame includes an adjusted backoff window to notify other STAs in the network to use the adjusted backoff window value for access during the next access. It should be noted that steps 104 and 105 are not sequential in execution and can be performed simultaneously.

In the example shown in Figure 2, STAs A, B, and C are all accessible STAs. The AP sends a CTS frame to STA A on channel 1, a CTS frame to STA B on channel 2, and STA C on channel 3. A CTS frame is transmitted and a broadcast frame is transmitted on channel 4. After receiving the respective CTS frames, STA A, B, and C send STAs on channel 1 and channel 4, STA B transmits data frames on channel 2, and STA C transmits data frames on channel 3. After receiving the data frame sent by STA A, the AP may send an ACK frame to STA A on channel 1 and channel 4 to confirm that the data frame sent by STA A is received, and the AP sends an ACK frame to STA B on channel 2. An ACK frame is sent to STA C on channel 3.

In this embodiment, multiple STAs can simultaneously send and receive to the AP on the K channel. In the request frame, the AP receives the access request frame on the K channels, adjusts the size of the backoff window according to the receiving result on the K channels, and carries the adjusted backoff window in the access permission frame and the broadcast frame, and sends the frame to the STA. In order to enable access in the next round, each STA accesses according to the adjusted backoff window. Compared with the prior art, the method of the embodiment reduces the time for transmitting the access request frame by transmitting the access request frame in parallel on multiple channels, thereby reducing the protocol for adjudicating the accessible STA in the request-licensing process. Overhead, and by adjusting the size of the backoff window, collisions can be avoided.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The method of the present embodiment is different from the method of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, a channel measurement process is introduced, and an AP can access through measurement. The quality information of the conflict-free channel corresponding to the STA is allocated to the accessible STA according to the quality information of the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA. As shown in FIG. 3, the method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step 201: The AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels, and stops receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time.

Step 202: The AP determines the number of conflicting channels and the number of idle channels according to the receiving result on the K channels, and adjusts the backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels.

For the specific implementation of the steps 201 and 202, reference may be made to the related descriptions of the steps 101 and 102 in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

Step 203: The AP sends a channel measurement request frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the accessible STA to send the channel measurement frame on the K channels.

In this embodiment, the AP sends a Channel Measurement ReQuest (CMQ) frame on all the collision-free channels, where the channel measurement frame specifies the measurement resources for the STA to send the channel measurement frame, such as which channels and which sub-carriers the STA is on. A channel measurement frame is transmitted above the time slot. If the channel conflicts or the channel is idle, the AP does not send any signal on the idle channel or the collision channel.

Step 204: The AP receives the channel measurement frame that the STAs can access on the K channels, and obtains the channel measurement frames sent by the STAs on the K channels, and obtains the access STAs on the K channels. Enter information.

The accessable STA receives the channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, and according to the channel measurement request The frame transmits a Channel Measurement (CM) frame upward to the AP on the K channels. After receiving the channel measurement frame sent by the STA on the K channels, the AP obtains the access information of the accessible STA on the K channels according to the channel measurement frame sent by the accessible STA, and the access STA can access the STA. The access information on each channel is specifically a channel coefficient of each channel of the accessible STA on K. The channel coefficient is the amplitude gain and phase change of each subcarrier on each channel. The channel measurement frame is defined according to a prescribed format, and the AP is configured according to the AP. The received channel and the defined format measure the channel coefficients.

Step 205: The AP allocates access resources to the accessible STAs according to the access information of the accessible STAs on the K channels.

4 is a timing diagram of a multi-user access procedure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The timing diagram shown in FIG. 2 is different from the timing diagram shown in FIG. 2: after receiving the CTS frame sent by the STA, the AP also needs to be non-conflicting. The CMQ frame is transmitted on the channel, and the access STA transmits the CM frame to the AP after receiving the CMQ frame. The specific access process is as follows. In this embodiment, the difference between the description and the description of FIG. 2 is the same. For the same place, refer to the related description of Embodiment 1. The AP is on the SIFS after stopping the reception of the RTS frame. The CMQ frame is sent to the STAs A, B, and C. After receiving the CMQ frame, the STAs A, B, and C wait for the CIFS, and then start sending the CM frame. After the AP receives the CM frame sent by the STAs A, B, and C, Obtaining the channel coefficients of channels 1, 2, and 3 on each channel, and calculating scheduling information: STA A transmits a DATA frame on channels 1, 2, STA B transmits a DATA frame on channel 3, and STA C transmits on channel 4. DATA frame. Since the channel coefficient of STA A on channel 2 is better than the channel coefficient of STA B on channel 2, channel 2 is assigned to STA A, the channel coefficient of STA B on channel 3 is higher than the channel coefficient of STA B on channel 2. Ok, so channel 3 is assigned to STA B. The channel coefficient of STA C on channel 4 is better than the channel coefficient of STA C on channel 3, so channel 4 is assigned to STA C.

Step 206: The AP sends an access permission frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the access permission frame includes an access resource allocated for the accessible STA and an adjusted backoff window. The non-conflicting channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel that can access the STA to send an access request.

Step 207: The AP sends a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, where the broadcast frame includes the adjusted backoff window.

In the example shown in Figure 4, the AP sends CTS to STAs A, B, and C on channels 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Frame, transmitting a broadcast frame on channel 4. STAs A, B, and C receive CTS frames on channels 1, 2, and 3, respectively, to obtain access resources. Then, STA A transmits a DATA frame on channels 1, 2, STA B transmits a DATA frame on channel 3, and STA C transmits a DATA frame on channel 4. The AP replies with an ACK frame to STA A on channels 1, 2, an ACK frame to STA B on channel 3, and an ACK frame to STA B on channel 4.

In this embodiment, the AP further supports a channel measurement process, and the AP can obtain channel coefficients of the accessible STAs on each channel through channel measurement, and each accessible STA according to channel coefficients of the accessible STAs on each channel. Allocate optimal channels to increase overall system throughput.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The difference between the method in this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: in this embodiment, multiple round access procedures are referenced, and the AP is in the first round. During the access process, after receiving the access request frame sent by the STA, the AP determines whether to initiate the next round of access process according to the received request and the identified service characteristics of the accessible STA. As shown in FIG. 5, the method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step 301: The AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels, and stops receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time.

Step 302: The AP determines the number of conflicting channels and the number of idle channels according to the receiving result on the K channels, and adjusts the backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels.

For the specific implementation of the steps 301 and 302, reference may be made to the related descriptions of the steps 101 and 102 in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

Step 303: The AP determines whether the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number.

If yes, that is, the number of the access request frames received by the AP is less than the preset number, step 304 is performed. If no, that is, the number of the access request frames received by the AP is not less than the preset number, the step is performed. 305.

Step 304: The AP determines whether the received access request frames are non-real-time access request frames.

If yes, that is, the access request frame received by the AP is a non-real-time access request, step 305 is performed. Otherwise, step 307 is performed. The non-instance access request indicates that the service of the STA is a non-real-time service.

Step 305: The AP separately sends a contention control frame on the K channels.

If the AP determines that the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number, and the AP determines that the received access request frame is a non-real-time access request frame, the AP sends a contention control frame on the K channels. The contention control frame includes an adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs. The list of the identifiable STAs includes the identifier of the STA that successfully sent all the access request frames, and the contention control frame is used to notify the associated STA to resend the access request and initiate the next round of access.

Step 306: The AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated STA on each of the K channels.

After receiving the contention control frame sent by the AP, each STA associated with the AP determines whether its own identifier is in the list of identifiable STAs. If its own identifier is in the list of identifiable STAs, the STA will set its own backoff window value. Updated to the adjusted backoff window. If the identity of the STA is not in the list of identifiable STAs, the STA updates the value of the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and reselects the access channel and the access backoff slot according to the adjusted backoff window. The AP sends the access request frame again. After transmitting the access control frame, the AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels.

After step 306 is performed, step 307 is performed.

Step 307: The AP allocates an access resource to the accessible STA, where the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on the collision-free channel.

For the specific implementation of this step, reference may be made to the related descriptions of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and details are not described herein again.

Step 308: The AP sends an access permission frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA.

The access permission frame includes an access resource allocated for the accessible STA and an adjusted backoff window, where the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel that can access the STA to send an access request.

Step 309: The AP sends a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, where the broadcast frame includes the adjusted backoff window.

FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of a multi-user access process according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and is different from the timing diagram shown in FIG. 2: in this embodiment, an STA may access through a two-round access procedure. During a round of access, after receiving the RTS frame sent by the STA, the AP sends a contention control frame (CT) on each channel to inform the associated STA that it can access again. The specific access process is as follows:

The ACK frame of the last channel access of the STA or the SYNC frame sent by the AP starts. After the DIFS interval, the process begins to enter the first round of random access procedure: STA A selects the first backoff slot of channel 1 to send the RTS frame, STA B selects the second backoff slot of channel 2 to send RTS In the frame, STA C selects the second backoff slot of channel 4 to transmit the RTS frame, and STA D selects the second backoff slot of channel 4 to transmit the RTS frame. The AP receives the data on all four channels, receives the RTS frame sent by STA A on channel 1, receives the RTS frame sent by STA B on channel 2, and the RTS frame sent on channel 4 conflicts. The AP cannot identify the STA. RTS frame sent by C and STA D. The number of collision channels is 1, and the number of idle channels is 1, so the AP keeps the value of the backoff window unchanged. In this embodiment, the AP is ready to introduce a new round of random access procedures.

The AP sends a CT frame on all channels. The CT frame includes the size of the adjusted backoff window, and the identified identifiers of the accessible STA A and the accessible STA B. After receiving the CT frame, STA A and STA B find that their identity is already in the STA list in which the access request frame is successfully sent, so STA A and STA B no longer participate in a new round of random access, because STA C and STA The ID of D is not in the STA list in which the access request frame is successfully transmitted. STA C reselects the first slot of channel 1 to transmit the RTS frame, and STA D reselects the second slot of channel 2 to transmit the RTS frame. The AP receives data on all four channels, receives the RTS frame sent by STA C on channel 1, and receives the RTS frame sent by STA D on channel 2.

The AP transmits a CTS frame to STA A and STA C on channel 1, and a CTS frame to STA B and STA D on channel 2. The CTS frame sent to STA A allows STA A to transmit a DATA frame on channel 1, the CTS frame sent to STA B allows STA B to transmit a DATA frame on channel 2, and the CTS frame sent to STA C allows STA C to be in the channel. The DATA frame is transmitted on 3, and the CTS frame transmitted to STA D allows STA D to transmit a DATA frame on channel 4. Then, STAs A, B, C, and D transmit DATA frames on channels 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The AP sends an ACK to the STA A on the channel 1 to acknowledge the receipt of the DATA frame, on the channel 2, sends an ACK to the STA B to acknowledge the receipt of the DATA frame, and on the channel 3, sends an ACK to the STA C to acknowledge the receipt of the DATA frame, on the channel 4. Send an ACK to STA D to acknowledge receipt of the DATA frame.

In this embodiment, the AP determines that the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number, and the AP determines that the received access request frames are non-real-time. Upon entering the request frame, the AP sends a contention control frame on all channels, so that the associated STA initiates a second round of access procedures. In the first round of the access process, the number of the access request frames is less than the preset number, the AP can identify fewer active STAs, and the amount of data requested to be sent is small. Therefore, the system resources cannot be fully utilized. In this embodiment, By allowing multiple rounds of access, a new round of access procedures may have new STA access, which can make better use of system resources.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an uplink multi-user access method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. This embodiment describes a multi-user access method from a STA perspective. As shown in FIG. 7 , the method provided in this embodiment may include the following. step:

Step 401: The STA selects an access channel and an access backoff slot according to the K channels and the backoff window.

The STA may select an access channel and an access backoff slot according to certain rules, and the STA may also randomly select.

Step 402: The STA sends an access request frame to the AP according to the access channel and the access backoff slot. For a specific implementation of this step, reference may be made to the related description of Embodiment 1, and details are not described herein again.

Step 403: The STA performs interception on the access channel. If the STA receives the access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the access permission frame includes the adjusted backoff window and the access resource allocated for the STA. The STA updates the value of the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and sends a data frame to the AP on the access resource. If the STA receives the broadcast frame sent by the AP on the access channel, the broadcast frame includes the adjusted frame. In the backoff window, the STA updates the value of the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window.

After the AP finishes transmitting the access request frame, the AP listens on the access channel k.

Optionally, if the AP introduces the channel measurement mechanism, before the STA receives the access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the method in this embodiment further includes: the STA receives the channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, and the channel measurement The request frame is used to notify the STA to transmit a channel measurement frame on the specified measurement resource. After receiving the channel measurement request frame, the STA sends a channel measurement frame to the AP on the measurement resource according to the measurement resource included in the channel measurement request frame.

Optionally, if the AP introduces the multi-round access mechanism, the method of the embodiment further includes: the STA receiving the contention control frame sent by the AP, the content of the competition, before the STA receives the access permission frame returned by the P. The control frame includes the value of the adjusted backoff window and the identifier of the STA that successfully sends the access request, and the contention control frame is used to notify the STA that has not successfully sent the access request to resend the access request.

After receiving the contention control frame, the STA determines whether the identity of the STA is in the identifier of the STA that the access request is successfully sent. If not, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and according to the adjusted backoff window to the AP. The access request frame is resent, and if not, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window.

In this embodiment, the AP adjusts the size of the backoff window according to the receiving result of the K channels. The value of the adjusted backoff window is carried in the access permission frame and the broadcast frame and sent to the STA. The STA adjusts its backoff window according to the adjusted backoff window returned by the AP, and uses the adjustment in the next round of access. After the backoff window is accessed, thus avoiding conflicts.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8 , the AP provided in this embodiment includes: a receiving module 11 , a first determining module 12 , an adjusting module 13 , an allocating module 14 , and sending Module 15.

The receiving module 11 is configured to receive an access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, and stop receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time, where K is greater than or equal to 2;

The first determining module 12 is configured to determine, according to the receiving result on the K channels, the number of conflicting channels and the number of idle channels;

The adjusting module 13 is configured to adjust a backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels;

An allocating module 14 is configured to allocate an access resource to an accessible STA, where the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on a collision-free channel;

The sending module 15 is configured to send an access permission frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the access permission frame includes an interface allocated for the accessible STA a channel and an adjusted backoff window, where the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel for sending the access request frame to the accessible STA;

The sending module 15 is further configured to send a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, where the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window.

Optionally, the allocating module 14 is specifically configured to:

Transmitting a channel measurement request frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the accessible STA to send a channel on the K channels Measuring frame

Receiving a channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels, and acquiring the accessible STA according to the channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels Access information on the K channels;

And allocating the access resource to the accessible STA according to the access information of the accessible STA on the K channels.

Optionally, the adjusting module 13 is specifically configured to:

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 1: the number of the conflicting channels is greater than αW, and the number of the idle channels is less than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted. Is min{ω*W, W _max }, where W _max is the maximum value of the backoff window, W is the current value of the backoff window, and the value of ω is greater than 1;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 2: the number of the conflicting channels is smaller than αW, and the number of the idle channels is greater than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted to Max{W/ω, W _min }, where W _min is the minimum value of the backoff window;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels do not satisfy any one of the condition 1 and the condition 2, the AP keeps the value of the backoff window unchanged.

In this embodiment, the AP further includes: a second determining module, configured to determine the receiving termination time according to the backoff window, the backoff time slot, the sending time of the access request frame, and the length of the access request frame.

In this embodiment, if the AP determines that the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number, and the AP determines that the received access request frames are non-real-time access request frames; The sending module 15 is further configured to separately send a contention control frame on the K channels, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs is included The identifier of the STA that is successfully sent by all the access request frames, the contention control frame is used to notify the associated STA to resend the access request frame, and the receiving module 11 is further configured to separately perform on the K channels. Receiving an access request frame sent by the associated STA.

In this embodiment, the receiving module 11 is further configured to: receive, according to an access resource of the accessible STA, a data frame sent by the accessible STA; correspondingly, the sending module 15 is further configured to: Returning an ACK frame to the accessible STA on the access resource of the accessible STA.

The AP in this embodiment may be used to perform the technical solutions in the first embodiment to the third embodiment. The specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the STA provided in this embodiment includes: a selecting module 21, a sending module 22, and a receiving module 23.

The selecting module 21 is configured to select an access channel and an access backoff slot according to the K channels and the backoff window;

The sending module 22 is configured to: according to the access channel and the access backoff slot to the access point AP Sending an access request frame;

The receiving module 23 is configured to perform monitoring on the access channel, and receive an access permission frame sent by the AP;

The sending module 22 is further configured to: if the receiving module receives an access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the access permission frame includes the adjusted backoff window and And the value of the backoff window is updated to the adjusted backoff window, and the data frame is sent to the AP on the access resource;

If the receiving module receives the broadcast frame sent by the AP on the access channel, and the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window, update the value of the backoff window to the adjusted The backoff window.

Optionally, the receiving module 23 is further configured to: receive a channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the STA to send a channel measurement frame on a specified measurement resource; The sending module 22 is further configured to send a channel measurement frame to the AP on the measurement resource.

Optionally, the STA further includes a determining module. Correspondingly, the receiving module 23 is further configured to receive a contention control frame sent by the AP, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, and the list of identifiable STAs The identifier of the STA that is successfully sent by all the access request frames is included; the determining module is configured to determine whether the identifier of the STA is in the list of the identifiable STAs; If the identifier is not in the list of the identifiable STAs, the backoff window is updated to the adjusted backoff window, and the access request frame is resent to the AP according to the adjusted backoff window; The identifier is in the list of identifiable STAs, and the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window.

The STAs provided in this embodiment may be used to perform the method in the fourth embodiment. The specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the AP 300 provided in this embodiment includes: a processor 31, a memory 32, a communication interface 33, and a system bus 34. And the communication interface 33 is connected to the processor 31 through the system bus 34 and completes communication with each other; the memory 32 is configured to store computer execution instructions; the communication interface 22 is configured to communicate with other devices The processor 31, used The computer executes the instructions to execute the method as described below.

Receiving an access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, and stopping receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time, where K is greater than or equal to 2;

Determining a number of conflicting channels and a number of idle channels according to the receiving result on the K channels, and adjusting a backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels;

Allocating an access resource to an accessible STA, where the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on a collision-free channel;

Sending an access grant frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the access grant frame includes an access resource allocated for the accessible STA and an adjusted a backoff window, where the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel for sending the access request frame to the accessible STA;

And transmitting a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, where the adjusted backoff window is included in the broadcast frame.

Optionally, the processor 31 allocates an access resource to the accessible STA, and specifically includes:

Transmitting a channel measurement request frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the accessible STA to send a channel on the K channels Measuring frame

Receiving a channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels, and acquiring the accessible STA according to the channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels Access information on the K channels;

And allocating the access resource to the accessible STA according to the access information of the accessible STA on the K channels.

Optionally, the processor 31 adjusts the backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels, and specifically includes:

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 1: the number of the conflicting channels is greater than αW, and the number of the idle channels is less than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted. Is min{ω*W, W _max }, where W _max is the maximum value of the backoff window, W is the current value of the backoff window, and the value of ω is greater than 1;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 2: the number of the conflicting channels is smaller than αW, and the number of the idle channels is greater than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted to Max{W/ω, W _min }, where W _min is the minimum value of the backoff window;

If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels do not satisfy any one of the condition 1 and the condition 2, the value of the backoff window is kept unchanged.

Before receiving the access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, the processor 31 is further configured to: according to the backoff window, the backoff time slot, the sending time of the access request frame, and the access request frame. The length of the determination determines the reception termination time.

Before the processor 31 allocates access resources to the STAs, the processor 31 is configured to: if the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number, and the received access request frames are non-real-time And accessing the request frame, respectively, sending a contention control frame on the K channels, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all The access request frame sends the identity of the STA that is successfully sent, the contention control frame is used to notify the associated STA to resend the access request frame, and respectively receives the access request sent by the associated STA on the K channels. frame.

In this embodiment, the processor 31 is further configured to: receive, on an access resource of the accessible STA, a data frame sent by the accessible STA; and on an access resource of the accessible STA Returning an ACK frame to the accessible STA.

The AP in this embodiment may be used to perform the technical solutions in the first embodiment to the third embodiment. The specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, the STA 400 provided in this embodiment includes: a processor 41, a memory 42, a communication interface 43, and a system bus 44. And the communication interface 43 is connected to the processor 42 through the system bus 44 and completes communication with each other; the memory 41 is configured to store computer execution instructions; the communication interface 43 is configured to communicate with other devices The processor 41 is configured to execute the computer to execute an instruction, and execute the method as follows:

Selecting an access channel and an access backoff slot according to K channels and a backoff window;

Sending an access request frame to the AP according to the access channel and the access backoff slot;

Listening on the access channel, if the access permission frame returned by the AP is received on the access channel, the access permission frame includes the adjusted backoff window and the STA And the value of the backoff window is updated to the adjusted backoff window, and the data frame is sent to the AP on the access resource;

And if the broadcast frame sent by the AP is received on the access channel, and the adjusted backoff window is included in the broadcast frame, the value of the backoff window is updated to the adjusted backoff window.

Optionally, before the processor 41 receives the access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the processor 41 is further configured to: receive a channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, where The channel measurement request frame is configured to notify the STA to transmit a channel measurement frame on a specified measurement resource; and send a channel measurement frame to the AP on the measurement resource.

Optionally, before the processor 41 receives the access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the processor 41 is further configured to:

Receiving a contention control frame sent by the AP, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all STAs whose access request frames are successfully sent. Determining whether the identifier of the STA is in the list of the identifiable STAs; if the identifier of the STA is not in the list of the identifiable STAs, updating the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window And re-transmitting the access request frame to the AP according to the adjusted backoff window; if the identifier of the STA is in the list of the identifiable STAs, updating the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window.

The STA of this embodiment may be used to perform the technical solution of the fourth embodiment, and the specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments may be completed by using hardware related to the program instructions. The foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program is executed when executed. The foregoing steps include the steps of the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims (20)

An uplink multi-user access method, comprising: The access point AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, and stops receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time, where K is greater than or equal to 2; The AP determines the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels according to the receiving result on the K channels, and adjusts the backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels; The AP allocates an access resource to the accessible STA, and the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on the collision-free channel; The AP sends an access grant frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the access grant frame includes an access resource allocated for the accessible STA and An adjusted backoff window, where the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel for sending the access request frame to the accessible STA; The AP sends a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, and the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window. The method according to claim 1, wherein the AP allocates access resources to the accessible STAs, including: The AP sends a channel measurement request frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the accessible STA of the K channels. Sending a channel measurement frame; Receiving, by the AP, the channel measurement frames respectively sent by the accessible STAs on the K channels, and acquiring the channel measurement frames respectively sent by the accessible STAs on the K channels, Access information of the STAs on the K channels; And the AP allocates the access resource to the accessible STA according to the access information of the accessible STA on the K channels. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjusting the backoff window according to the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels comprises: If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 1: the number of the conflicting channels is greater than αW, and the number of the idle channels is less than βW, the AP will use the backoff window The value of ω is adjusted to be min{ω*W, W _max }, where W _max is the maximum value of the backoff window, W is the current value of the backoff window, and the value of ω is greater than 1; If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 2: the number of the conflicting channels is smaller than αW, and the number of the idle channels is greater than βW, the AP will be the backoff window. The value is adjusted to max{W/ω, W _min }, where W _min is the minimum value of the backoff window; If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels do not satisfy any one of the condition 1 and the condition 2, the AP keeps the value of the backoff window unchanged. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein before the access point AP receives the access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, the method further includes: The AP determines the reception termination time according to the backoff window, the backoff slot, the transmission time of the access request frame, and the length of the access request frame. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein before the AP allocates an access resource to the accessible STA, the method further includes: If the AP determines that the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number, and the AP determines that the received access request frames are non-real-time access request frames, the AP is in the A contention control frame is respectively sent on the K channels, and the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all STAs whose access request frames are successfully transmitted. And the contention control frame is used to notify the associated STA to resend the access request frame; The AP respectively receives an access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: Receiving, by the AP, the data frame sent by the accessible STA on the access resource of the accessible STA; The AP returns an ACK frame to the accessible STA on the access resource of the accessible STA. An uplink multi-user access method, comprising: The station STA selects an access channel and an access backoff slot according to the K channels and the backoff window; Sending, by the STA, an access request frame to the access point AP according to the access channel and the access backoff slot; The STA performs interception on the access channel, and if the STA receives an access grant frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the access grant frame includes the adjusted backoff The window and the access resource allocated to the STA, the STA updates the value of the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and sends a data frame to the AP on the access resource; If the STA receives the broadcast frame sent by the AP on the access channel, and the broadcast frame includes the adjusted backoff window, the STA updates the value of the backoff window to the Adjusted backoff window. The method according to claim 7, wherein the method further includes: before the STA receives the access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the method further includes: Receiving, by the STA, a channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the STA to send a channel measurement frame on a specified measurement resource; The STA sends a channel measurement frame to the AP on the measurement resource. The method according to claim 8, wherein the method further includes: before the STA receives the access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the method further includes: Receiving, by the STA, a contention control frame sent by the AP, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all access request frames successfully sent. The identity of the STA; Determining, by the STA, whether its identity is in the list of identifiable STAs; If the identifier of the STA is not in the list of the identifiable STAs, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and retransmits the AP according to the adjusted backoff window. Incoming request frame; If the identifier of the STA is in the list of the identifiable STAs, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window. An access point AP, comprising: a receiving module, configured to respectively receive an access request frame sent by the associated station STA on the K channels, and stop receiving the access request frame at the receiving termination time, where K is greater than or equal to 2; a first determining module, configured to determine, according to the receiving result on the K channels, a number of conflicting channels and a number of idle channels; An adjustment module, configured to adjust according to the number of the conflict channels and the number of the idle channels Backoff window An allocation module, configured to allocate an access resource to an accessible STA, where the accessible STA is an STA that sends an access request on a collision-free channel; a sending module, configured to send an access permission frame to the accessable STA on a collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the access permission frame includes an access allocated to the accessible STA a channel and an adjusted backoff window, where the conflict-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA is a channel for sending the access request frame to the accessible STA; The sending module is further configured to send a broadcast frame on the conflict channel, where the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window. The AP according to claim 10, wherein the allocation module is specifically configured to: Transmitting a channel measurement request frame to the accessible STA on the collision-free channel corresponding to the accessible STA, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the accessible STA to send a channel on the K channels Measuring frame Receiving a channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels, and acquiring the accessible STA according to the channel measurement frame respectively sent by the accessible STA on the K channels Access information on the K channels; And allocating the access resource to the accessible STA according to the access information of the accessible STA on the K channels. The AP according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the adjustment module is specifically configured to: If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 1: the number of the conflicting channels is greater than αW, and the number of the idle channels is less than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted. Is min{ω*W, W _max }, where W _max is the maximum value of the backoff window, W is the current value of the backoff window, and the value of ω is greater than 1; If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels satisfy the condition 2: the number of the conflicting channels is smaller than αW, and the number of the idle channels is greater than βW, the value of the backoff window is adjusted to Max{W/ω, W _min }, where W _min is the minimum value of the backoff window; If the number of the conflicting channels and the number of the idle channels do not satisfy any one of the condition 1 and the condition 2, the AP keeps the value of the backoff window unchanged. The AP according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the AP further comprises: And a second determining module, configured to determine the receiving termination time according to the backoff window, the backoff slot, the sending moment of the access request frame, and the length of the access request frame. The AP according to any one of claims 10-13, wherein the AP determines that the number of received access request frames is less than a preset number, and the AP determines the received access. The request frames are all non-real time access request frames; The sending module is further configured to separately send a contention control frame on the K channels, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs is included The identifier of the STA that is successfully sent by all the access request frames, where the contention control frame is used to notify the associated STA to resend the access request frame; The receiving module is further configured to separately receive an access request frame sent by the associated STA on the K channels. The AP according to claim 14, wherein the receiving module is further configured to: Receiving, on the access resource of the accessible STA, a data frame sent by the accessible STA; The sending module is further configured to return an ACK frame to the accessible STA on an access resource of the accessible STA. A station STA, characterized in that it comprises: a selection module, configured to select an access channel and an access backoff slot according to the K channels and the backoff window; a sending module, configured to send an access request frame to the access point AP according to the access channel and the access backoff slot; a receiving module, configured to perform monitoring on the access channel, and receive an access permission frame sent by the AP; The sending module is further configured to: if the receiving module receives an access permission frame returned by the AP on the access channel, the access permission frame includes the adjusted backoff window and the Determining the access resource allocated by the STA, updating the value of the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, and sending a data frame to the AP on the access resource; If the receiving module receives the broadcast frame sent by the AP on the access channel, and the adjusted frame includes the adjusted backoff window, update the value of the backoff window to the adjusted The backoff window. The STA according to claim 16, wherein the receiving module is further configured to: receive a channel measurement request frame sent by the AP, where the channel measurement request frame is used to notify the STA on a specified measurement resource. Transmitting a channel measurement frame; The sending module is further configured to send a channel measurement frame to the AP on the measurement resource. The STA according to claim 17, wherein the STA further comprises a determining module; The receiving module is further configured to receive a contention control frame that is sent by the AP, where the contention control frame includes the adjusted backoff window and a list of identifiable STAs, where the list of identifiable STAs includes all The identifier of the STA that successfully sent the request frame; The determining module is configured to determine whether an identifier of the STA is in a list of the identifiable STAs; The sending module is further configured to: if the identifier of the STA is not in the list of the identifiable STAs, update the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window, according to the adjusted backoff window Said AP resending the access request frame; If the identifier of the STA is in the list of the identifiable STAs, the STA updates the backoff window to the adjusted backoff window. An access point AP, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a system bus, wherein the memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor through the system bus and complete communication with each other; The memory is configured to store a computer execution instruction; The communication interface is used to communicate with other devices; The processor is configured to execute the computer to execute an instruction to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 6. A station STA, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a system bus, wherein the memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor through the system bus and complete communication with each other; The memory is configured to store a computer execution instruction; The communication interface is used to communicate with other devices; The processor is configured to execute the computer to execute an instruction, and perform the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

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