WO2016035200A1 - 準結晶含有めっき鋼板及び準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法 - Google Patents
準結晶含有めっき鋼板及び準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016035200A1 WO2016035200A1 PCT/JP2014/073494 JP2014073494W WO2016035200A1 WO 2016035200 A1 WO2016035200 A1 WO 2016035200A1 JP 2014073494 W JP2014073494 W JP 2014073494W WO 2016035200 A1 WO2016035200 A1 WO 2016035200A1
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- plating layer
- steel sheet
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- plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet and a method for producing a quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet.
- a plated steel plate is used for the outer plate of an automobile from the viewpoint of rust prevention, and an alloyed galvanized steel plate is mainly applied.
- Alloyed galvanized steel sheet improves weldability and post-painting corrosion resistance by galvanizing the steel sheet and then performing alloying treatment to diffuse Fe from the base steel sheet (base steel sheet) into the plating layer.
- a plated steel sheet On the other hand, in the case of alloyed galvanized steel sheets, the plating layer becomes hard due to the diffusion of Fe from the base steel sheet, so the plating layer is easy to peel off, and it is not seen in soft hot-dip galvanized steel sheets such as powdering and flaking There is also a problem.
- a plated steel sheet provided with a hard plating layer is easily cracked by external pressure. Once cracking occurs, the crack propagates to the interface with the mother steel sheet, and the plated layer peels off from the interface and falls off. For example, when an alloyed galvanized steel sheet is used for the outer plate of an automobile, the coating and the plating layer are peeled off simultaneously by chipping by hopping of the traveling vehicle, and the base steel sheet is easily exposed, and is a soft plated steel sheet that is not alloyed. Corrosion may be more severe than that (decrease in chipping resistance).
- a plated steel plate that has sufficient sacrificial anti-corrosion ability and a coating layer with high corrosion resistance that sufficiently suppresses corrosion from the chipping part as the outer plate. It is preferable to do.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a Zn—Al—Mg—Si plated steel sheet
- Patent Document 2 discloses a molten Zn—Mg alloy plated steel sheet.
- a plated steel sheet that has been improved in corrosion resistance by adding various alloy elements such as Al, Mg, Si, etc. to the plated layer as described in Patent Document 1 is a Zn-based plated steel sheet, which is a relatively soft plated layer and chipping.
- a chipping portion or a coating film peeling portion is generated, pitting corrosion progresses at an early stage. If the progress of corrosion progresses, red rust is generated from the central portion, so that there is no sufficient sacrificial corrosion resistance. Therefore, the plated steel sheet with improved corrosion resistance based on Patent Document 1 cannot be said to have sufficient chipping resistance.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method in which a hard Mg—Al alloy plating layer having high corrosion resistance is formed on the surface of a soft low alloy plating layer (alloyed zinc plating layer) formed on a steel plate by an ion plating method. Is disclosed. If the plating layer is made into a multilayer by laminating a soft low alloy plating layer and a hard, highly corrosion-resistant Mg—Al alloy plating layer, there is a possibility that both corrosion resistance and chipping resistance can be achieved.
- the low alloy plating layer that is the base layer of the plating layer is a simple alloyed galvanizing, so that the corrosion resistance of the plated steel sheet is inferior to the alloy plated steel sheets shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
- the upper layer formed by ion plating is used in a plated steel sheet having a multilayered plating layer as disclosed in Patent Document 3.
- the film thickness of the Mg—Al alloy plating layer needs to be considerably increased.
- since a two-step process of alloying galvanizing and ion plating is required, there is a problem that the cost increases.
- the quasicrystal is a crystal structure first discovered by Daniel Schuchman in 1982 and has an icosahedral atomic arrangement.
- This bonded structure is a non-periodic crystal structure having a specific rotational symmetry (for example, five-fold symmetry) that cannot be obtained with a normal metal or alloy, and is a non-periodic crystal typified by a three-dimensional Penrose pattern. It is known as a crystal structure equivalent to the structure.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 disclose a high-strength Mg-based alloy and a method for producing the same. These Mg-based alloys are excellent in strength and elongation in which a hard quasicrystalline phase having a particle size of several tens to several hundreds of nanometers is dispersed and precipitated in a metal structure. In these patent documents 4 and 5, the characteristic that a quasicrystal is hard is utilized.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a thermoelectric material using an Al reference crystal.
- the characteristic that a quasicrystal is excellent in a thermoelectric characteristic is utilized.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a heat-resistant catalyst using a quasicrystalline Al alloy (Al reference crystal) as a precursor and a method for producing the same.
- the quasicrystal which does not have a periodic crystal structure is utilizing the characteristic that it is brittle and easy to crush. As described above, in the inventions so far, the quasicrystals are often dispersed as fine particles, or the quasicrystals that are fine particles are often solidified and molded.
- Patent Document 8 discloses a metal coating for cooking utensils containing a quasicrystal.
- a coating having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance to salt is imparted to a cooking utensil by plasma spraying an alloy powder containing a quasi-joint made of Al, Fe or Cr and having excellent corrosion resistance.
- the Mg reference crystal is used as a material having excellent strength
- the Al reference crystal is used as a member having excellent strength, a thermoelectric material, a cooking utensil coating, and the like.
- these uses are limited, and it cannot be said that quasicrystals are necessarily used in many fields.
- Quasicrystals have excellent performance due to their unique crystal structure. However, its characteristics are only partially elucidated, and it cannot be said that it is a material that is currently widely used industrially. The present inventor tried to improve both corrosion resistance and chipping resistance by applying a quasicrystal that has not been utilized industrially to the plating layer of the plated steel sheet.
- JP 2001-355055 A JP 2008-255464 A JP-A-4-52284 JP 2005-113235 A JP 2008-69438 A JP-A-8-176762 JP 2004-267878 A Special table 2007-525596
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet and a method for producing a quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet that have both corrosion resistance and chipping resistance. There is to do.
- the inventor of the present invention has studied a structure in which a plurality of layers having different properties are laminated as a means for obtaining good chipping resistance in a Zn—Mg alloy-plated steel sheet.
- a structure in which a plurality of layers having different properties are laminated as a means for obtaining good chipping resistance in a Zn—Mg alloy-plated steel sheet.
- the corrosion resistance is improved.
- an alloy layer is formed at the interface between the plating layer and the base steel plate. It has been found that by forming it, a quasi-crystal-containing plated steel sheet capable of achieving both higher corrosion resistance and chipping resistance at a higher level can be realized.
- a plated layer is formed using Zn—Mg alloy plating in a molten state, and then heated to a predetermined temperature range and held for a certain period of time.
- the plating layer can be separated into two layers of a relatively soft and fine crystal grain layer and a dendritic hard layer located inside the plating layer, and has the above-mentioned characteristics.
- a crystal-containing plated steel sheet can be produced at low cost.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- the chemical composition of the plating layer is atomic%, containing Zn: 32% to 40%, Al: 2% to 5%, Ca: 1% to 2.5%, and the balance from Mg and impurities.
- the MgZn phase of the first plating layer is composed of crystal grains having a circle-equivalent diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more
- the area of the structure in which the maximum crystal grain size of the second plating layer is 1 ⁇ m or less in terms of a circle equivalent diameter is:
- the area of the MgZn phase of the first plating layer is relative to the cross-sectional area of the entire first plating layer.
- (6) The quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the second plating layer does not contain an Mg phase.
- (7) The quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein an average value of Vickers hardness of the second plating layer is 250 to 350 Hv.
- the alloy layer includes at least one of Fe 5 Al 2 and Al 3.2 Fe as the Al—Fe intermetallic compound, and the thickness of the alloy layer is 10 nm to 200 nm.
- (1) The quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to any one of (7) to (7).
- the manufacturing method of a quasicrystal containing plated steel plate (10) The plating step is performed by a hot dipping method, and after the steel plate is drawn out from the hot dipping bath, the first cooling step is continuously performed.
- the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present invention can be suitably used for automobile materials that require excellent chipping resistance, building materials, home appliance members, members related to the energy field, and the like. It is possible to contribute to the development of industry by extending the life of these members, reducing maintenance labor, and reducing costs.
- tissue photograph (TEM image) of the plating layer which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an example of an electron beam diffraction image of Mg 51 Z 20 phase contained in the second plating layer of the plated layer according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of the electron beam diffraction image of the quasicrystalline phase contained in the 2nd plating layer among the plating layers concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of the electron beam diffraction image of the MgZn phase contained in the 1st plating layer among the plating layers concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of the electron diffraction pattern of the quasicrystalline phase contained in the 1st plating layer among the plating layers concerning the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional TEM image of the plating layer shown in FIG. 1, showing a state in which a crack (chipping crack) 4 of the plating layer after the chipping test progresses along the interface between the fine layer 1 and the compound layer 2.
- the plating layer having a specific chemical component is a specific structure, and the plating layer is also the surface of a mother steel sheet (hereinafter also simply referred to as “steel sheet”). There is in forming.
- the quasi-crystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes a plated layer located on at least one surface of the steel sheet, an alloy layer made of an Al—Fe intermetallic compound, located at the interface between the plated layer and the steel sheet. .
- the chemical composition of the plating layer is atomic%, Zn: 28.5% to 50%, Al: 0.3% to 12%, La: 0% to 3.5%, Ce: 0% to 3% 0.5%, Y: 0% to 3.5%, Ca: 0% to 3.5%, Sr: 0% to 0.5%, Si: 0% to 0.5%, Ti: 0% to 0% 0.5%, Cr: 0% to 0.5%, Fe: 0% to 2%, Co: 0% to 0.5%, Ni: 0% to 0.5%, V: 0% to 0.5% %, Nb: 0% to 0.5%, Cu: 0% to 0.5%, Sn: 0% to 0.5%, Mn: 0% to 0.2%, Sb: 0% to 0.5% %, Pb: 0% to 0.5%, with the balance being Mg and impurities.
- the plating layer of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes, in order from the steel sheet side, a first plating layer having a structure containing an MgZn phase, an Mg phase, and a quasicrystalline phase, and the first plating layer. And a second plating layer having a structure containing a Mg 51 Zn 20 phase, a Zn phase, and a quasicrystalline phase.
- the steel plate used as the base material of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel plate according to this embodiment is not particularly limited.
- steel plates include various steel plates such as Al killed steel, extremely low carbon steel, high carbon steel, various high tensile steels, Ni, Cr-containing steel, and the like.
- steel plate manufacturing conditions such as the base steel plate manufacturing method, steel strength, hot rolling method, pickling method, cold rolling method and the like. That is, there are no particular restrictions on the manufacturing conditions and materials of the steel sheet used as the base material of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet.
- the plating layer which concerns on this embodiment has the characteristic structure
- tissue structure in which the various phases from which a form, a crystal structure, and a composition differ as a layer form so that it may mention later.
- tissue structure in which the various phases from which a form, a crystal structure, and a composition differ as a layer form so that it may mention later.
- tissue structure in which the various phases from which a form, a crystal structure, and a composition differ as a layer form so that it may mention later.
- tissue structure in which the various phases from which a form, a crystal structure, and a composition differ as a layer form so that it may mention later.
- tissue structure in which the various phases from which a form, a crystal structure, and a composition differ as a layer form so that it may mention later.
- the chemical composition of the entire plating layer shall be specified.
- Mg has poor wettability and reactivity with the steel sheet, and it is very difficult to form a plating layer containing only Mg on the steel sheet. This is because Fe in the steel sheet does not diffuse into the plating layer, and the plating layer and the steel sheet do not adhere to each other. Therefore, it is possible to improve the reactivity (adhesiveness) with the base steel sheet by containing Zn in the plating layer at a certain concentration or more and to stably form a plating layer mainly composed of Mg on the steel sheet. It becomes.
- Zn is an element having an atomic radius close to that of Al, which is a chemical component described later.
- Al is substituted at the Zn position rather than at the Mg or Ca position.
- This embodiment discloses that by defining the Mg—Zn composition in the plating layer as described above, formation of a brittle intermetallic compound is avoided, and a multilayer structure having excellent chipping resistance is formed. Yes. Therefore, as in this embodiment, when Al is added as a chemical component, the substitution behavior with the Zn position also changes, so it is necessary to define the chemical composition of Zn according to the amount of Al addition.
- a suitable Zn content of the plating layer satisfying this condition is 28.5% to 50%.
- the Zn content When the Zn content is 28.5% to 60%, a quasicrystalline phase can be obtained as the metal structure of the plating layer. When the Zn content is less than 28.5%, a quasicrystalline phase cannot be generated in the plating layer. Moreover, when Zn content exceeds 50%, in the manufacturing method disclosed in the present invention, a quasicrystalline phase cannot be preferably generated and dispersed in the plating layer.
- the Zn content In order to preferably control the generation of the quasicrystalline phase, the Zn content may be 30% to 50%. The Zn content is more preferably 35% to 45%. The Zn content is more preferably 36% to 40%. By setting the Zn content to 36% to 40%, a quasicrystalline phase is preferably generated at a predetermined position of the plating layer, and the corrosion resistance can be further improved.
- Al is an element that improves the performance of the plating layer.
- the planar corrosion resistance of the plating layer can be improved by including Al in the plating layer.
- a part of Zn present in the phase in the plating layer or the intermetallic compound is substituted with Al to form a substitutional solid solution.
- the insulating property of the plating layer is increased, and the corrosion resistance is increased, so that the ionic reaction at the time of dissolution of the plating is suppressed and the corrosion weight loss is reduced.
- this substitution effect is likely to occur with respect to Zn contained in Mg 51 Zn 20 , and when the component ratio with Zn becomes constant, the crystal grains of Mg 51 Zn 20 are more likely to become smaller, resulting in planar corrosion resistance. Tends to be further improved.
- a certain corrosion resistance improvement effect can be expected only by the inclusion of the quasicrystalline phase, but by further limiting the composition of the components and manufacturing the plated steel sheet by the manufacturing method of the present invention, further improvement of the planar portion corrosion resistance is achieved.
- the effect can be expected.
- Al is an element that exerts a certain effect on the generation and growth of quasicrystals, and further controls the thermal history during the production of the plating layer as described later, and at the interface between the plating layer and the base steel plate,
- an Al—Fe intermetallic compound layer such as Al 3 Fe (more specifically, Al 3.2 Fe) or Fe 5 Al 2 , the adhesion of the plating layer is further improved, and chipping resistance is further improved. It can also be improved.
- the Al content is set to 0.3% to 12%.
- the Al content is less than 0.3%, the effect of increasing the insulation by substituting Zn cannot be fully enjoyed, and the formation of the intermetallic compound layer may be insufficient.
- the quasicrystalline phase is hardly formed without observing the multilayer structure.
- the microstructure of the second plating layer which will be described in detail below, changes to a structure in which a coarse primary crystal Al phase is dispersed in the structure. Chipping resistance may be reduced as a result of the loss of structure. Further, the quasicrystalline phase is hardly observed because the Al phase grows.
- the appropriate Al content is more preferably 2% to 5%.
- the quasicrystal takes a dendritic form in the first layer, and the first layer is maintained at an appropriate hardness.
- a plated steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance and adhesion can be produced, and for example, it is confirmed that impact resistance characteristics in a ball impact test or the like are improved.
- Mg (magnesium) is a main element constituting the plating layer and is an element that further improves sacrificial corrosion resistance. Mg is an important element that promotes the formation of a quasicrystalline phase. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to prescribe
- the lower limit of the Mg content in the plating layer is 45%.
- Mg content becomes like this. Preferably it is 50% or more, More preferably, it is 55% or more.
- the upper limit of the Mg content in the plating layer is set to 67%.
- Mg content becomes like this. Preferably it is 62% or less, More preferably, it is 57% or less.
- the plating layer of the quasicrystal-containing plated copper plate according to this embodiment contains impurities.
- an impurity is mixed from the raw materials of steel and a plating alloy, a manufacturing environment, etc., when manufacturing the quasi-crystal containing plated steel plate concerning this embodiment industrially, for example, C (carbon), N Meaning elements such as (nitrogen), O (oxygen), P (phosphorus), S (sulfur), Cd (cadmium). Even if these elements are contained as impurities by about 0.1%, the above effects are not impaired.
- the metal coating layer of the plated steel sheet according to the present embodiment is replaced with a part of the remaining Mg, Ca, Y, La, Ce, Si, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, V, Nb, Cu , Sn, Mn, Sr, Sb and Pb, at least one selected component may be further contained. What component should be included among these selected components may be appropriately determined according to the purpose. Therefore, it is not necessary to limit the lower limit of these selection components, and the lower limit may be 0%. Moreover, even if these selective components are contained as impurities, the above effects are not impaired.
- Ca (calcium): 0% to 3.5%
- Ca may be contained as necessary in order to improve the operability of the hot dipping when applying the hot dipping method to form the plating layer.
- a hot-oxidized hot Mg alloy is maintained in the atmosphere as a plating bath. Therefore, it is preferable to take some means for preventing oxidation of Mg.
- Ca is easier to oxidize than Mg, and prevents oxidation of Mg in the bath by forming a stable oxide film on the plating bath surface in the molten state. Therefore, the Ca content of the plating layer may be 0% to 3.5%.
- the Ca content exceeds 2.5%, the balance of the ratio of Zn and Mg is lost, and a brittle intermetallic compound is formed in the plating layer, or an intermetallic compound containing Ca is formed, resulting in corrosion resistance.
- the possibility of lowering is increased. Therefore, the Ca content is preferably 2.5% or less.
- the Ca concentration is high, in a test for evaluating adhesion such as ball impact, it tends to be easily peeled off at the uneven edge, the top, or the like.
- Y, La, and Ce may be contained as necessary in order to improve the operability of the hot dipping when applying the hot dipping method to form the plating layer.
- Y, La, and Ce are easier to oxidize than Mg, and form a stable oxide film on the plating bath surface in the molten state, thereby preventing the oxidation of Mg in the bath. Therefore, the Y content of the plating layer may be 0% to 3.5%, the La content may be 0% to 3.5%, and the Ce content may be 0% to 3.5%. More preferably, regarding the Y content, La content, and Ce content, the lower limit may be set to 0.3%, and the upper limit may be set to 2.0%.
- the upper limit of the content of Ca, Y, La, and Ce is preferably 3.5% in total. That is, it is preferable that the Ca content, the Y content, the La content, and the Ce content in the chemical components of the plating layer satisfy 0.3% ⁇ Ca + Y + La + Ce ⁇ 3.5% in atomic%.
- the total content of Ca, Y, La, and Ce is preferably 0.3% or more and 2.0% or less. These elements are considered to be substituted for Mg constituting the quasicrystalline phase. However, when these elements are contained in a large amount, the formation of the quasicrystalline phase may be inhibited. When these elements are contained in an appropriate content, the red rust suppressing effect of the quasicrystalline phase and other phases is improved. This effect is presumed to be caused by the elution timing of the quasicrystalline phase affecting the retention of white rust.
- the above effects can be obtained relatively large by containing Ca, La, and Ce.
- the above-mentioned effect obtained by the inclusion of Y is small as compared with Ca, La, and Ce. It is presumed that Ca, La, and Ce are more easily oxidized than Y and are related to highly reactive elements.
- EDX Electrode Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
- Y is not easily incorporated into the quasicrystal because Y is often not detected.
- Ca, La, and Ce tend to be detected from the quasicrystal more than the content with respect to the content.
- Si silicon: 0% to 0.5%
- Ti titanium: 0% to 0.5%
- Cr chromium: 0% to 0.5%
- Si, Ti, and Cr may be contained as necessary in order to preferably form a quasicrystalline phase in the plating layer.
- Si is considered to be the starting point (nucleus) of the formation of a quasicrystalline phase by combining with Mg to form fine Mg 2 Si.
- the Si content of the plating layer may be 0% to 0.5%
- the Ti content may be 0% to 0.5%
- the Cr content may be 0% to 0.5%. More preferably, regarding the Si content, Ti content, and Cr content, the lower limit may be 0.005% and the upper limit may be 0.1%.
- the quasicrystal is further stabilized. That is, it is preferable that the sum of the Si content, the Ti content, and the Cr content in the chemical components of the plating layer satisfies 0.005% ⁇ Si + Ti + Cr ⁇ 0.5% in atomic%. Moreover, since these elements are contained in appropriate amounts, quasicrystals are preferably produced in a large amount, and thus the corrosion resistance of the plating layer surface is improved. As a result, the corrosion resistance in a wet environment is further improved, and the occurrence of white rust is suppressed.
- Co, Ni, V, and Nb are elements having effects equivalent to those of the above-described Si, Ti, and Cr.
- the Co content is 0% to 0.5%
- the Ni content is 0% to 0.5%
- the V content is 0% to 0.5%
- the Nb content is It may be 0% to 0.5%.
- the lower limit may be 0.05% and the upper limit may be 0.1%.
- these elements are less effective in improving the corrosion resistance than Si, Ti, and Cr.
- Fe (iron): 0% to 2% In the plating layer, an element constituting the steel plate may be mixed from the steel plate as the base material. In particular, in the hot dipping method, adhesion is enhanced by mutual diffusion of elements by a solid-liquid reaction between the steel sheet and the plating layer. Therefore, a certain amount of Fe may be contained in the plating layer. For example, Fe may be contained around 2% as a chemical component of the entire plating layer. However, Fe that has diffused into the plating layer often reacts with Al or Zn near the interface between the steel sheet and the plating layer to produce an intermetallic compound. Therefore, the possibility that the contained Fe has an influence on the corrosion resistance and chipping resistance of the plating layer is small.
- the Fe content of the plating layer may be 0% to 2%.
- the elements constituting the steel sheet that has diffused into the plating layer may affect the corrosion resistance of the plating layer. Is small.
- the Cu content of the plating layer may be 0% to 0.5%, and the Sn content may be 0% to 0.5%. More preferably, regarding the Cu content and the Sn content, the lower limit may be 0.005% and the upper limit may be 0.4%.
- Mn (manganese): 0% to 0.2% high-strength steel (high-strength steel) has come to be used as a steel plate that is a base material of a quasicrystal-containing plated steel plate.
- high-strength steel high-strength steel
- elements such as Si and Mn contained in the high-tensile steel may diffuse into the plating layer.
- Si and Mn Mn does not have the above-described effects of Si.
- the Mn content of the plating layer may be 0% to 0.2%. More preferably, regarding the Mn content, the lower limit may be 0.005% and the upper limit may be 0.1%.
- Sr, Sb, and Pb are elements that improve the plating appearance and are effective in improving the antiglare property.
- the Sr content of the plating layer may be 0% to 0.5%
- the Sb content may be 0% to 0.5%
- the Pb content may be 0% to 0.5%.
- the lower limit may be 0.005% and the upper limit may be 0.4%.
- the plating layer disclosed in the present invention has a metallic luster on the surface, but by containing these elements in the above composition range, the metallic luster is lost and an antiglare effect can be obtained.
- the chemical component of the plating layer can be measured by ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry) or ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry).
- ICP-AES Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry
- ICP-MS Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry
- the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet is immersed in 10% hydrochloric acid to which an inhibitor is added for about 1 minute, the plated layer portion is peeled off, and a solution in which this plated layer is dissolved is prepared.
- the obtained solution can be analyzed by ICP-AES, ICP-MS, or the like to obtain a chemical component as an overall average of the plating layer.
- a plating layer having a chemical component substantially equivalent to the chemical component of the hot dipping bath is formed. Therefore, for elements that can neglect the interdiffusion between the steel sheet and the plating layer, the chemical component of the plating bath to be used may be measured, and the obtained measurement value may be substituted as the chemical component of the plating layer.
- a small ingot is collected from the plating bath, drill powder is collected, and a solution in which the drill powder is dissolved in an acid is prepared. The obtained solution is analyzed by ICP or the like to obtain the chemical components of the plating bath. You may use the measured value of the chemical component of the obtained plating bath as a chemical component of a plating layer.
- the plating layer of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present invention is composed of a composite layer having a multilayer structure in which a plurality of layers having different structures are laminated in the thickness direction of the plating layer.
- the plating layer according to the present embodiment is located on the first plating layer and the first plating layer composed of a structure containing the MgZn phase, the Mg phase, and the quasicrystalline phase in order from the steel plate side. , Mg 51 Zn 20 phase, Zn phase, and a second plating layer made of a structure containing a quasicrystalline phase.
- this 2nd plating layer is comprised from the structure
- the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the galvanic layer includes a quasicrystalline phase as a metal structure, as will be described in detail below. Therefore, in the following, the quasicrystalline phase will be described first.
- the quasicrystalline phase is a quasicrystalline phase in which the Mg content, Zn content and Al content contained in the grains of the quasicrystalline phase satisfy 0.5 ⁇ Mg / (Zn + Al) ⁇ 0.83 in atomic%.
- Mg: (Zn + Al) which is the ratio of Mg atoms to the sum of Zn atoms and Al atoms, is defined as a quasicrystalline phase of 3: 6 to 5: 6.
- the chemical component of the quasicrystalline phase is quantitatively analyzed by TEM-EDX (Transmission Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy), or preferably by EPMA (Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer). Note that it is not easy to define a quasicrystal with an accurate chemical formula like an intermetallic compound. This is because the quasicrystalline phase cannot define a repetitive lattice unit like the unit lattice of a crystal, and furthermore, it is difficult to specify the atomic positions of Zn and Mg. For reference, when the quasicrystalline layer is measured by TEM-EDX, the quasicrystalline phase is detected in a state where the Zn ratio is higher than the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase and the Mg ratio is low.
- TEM-EDX Transmission Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
- EPMA Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer
- the chemical components of the metal phase other than the quasicrystalline phase contained in the plating layer can also be identified by quantitative analysis by TEM-EDX, quantitative analysis by EPMA mapping, or the like.
- a 5-fold symmetrical crystal structure can be determined by obtaining an electron diffraction image called a Penrose pattern. Since it is difficult to observe a range of 10 ⁇ m or more with a TEM, the phase contained in the structure is estimated from the typical field of view of the plating layer and a similar structure is obtained, as described in detail below. In some cases, the metal phase of interest is identified as a quasicrystalline phase from the measurement results of EPMA or EDX.
- FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of a plating layer of a quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to this embodiment, which is obtained by observing a cut surface whose cutting direction is parallel to the plate thickness direction of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet. is there.
- This cross-sectional structure photograph is a bright field image obtained by observing the cut surface with a TEM.
- the more specific structure of the plating layer includes a second plating layer 1 having a fine structure located on the surface side of the plating layer (opposite side of the steel plate), and the second plating layer.
- the first plating layer 2 is located inside (that is, on the steel plate side of the plating layer) and includes a structure grown in the thickness direction of the plating layer.
- an alloy layer (interface alloy layer) 3 made of an Al—Fe metal compound is formed at the interface between the multilayer structure plating layer and the base steel plate.
- the 2nd plating layer which consists of the fine structure located in the surface side of a plating layer is also only described as "a fine layer”, is located in the steel plate side of the plating layer, and includes the structure grown in the thickness direction of the plating layer.
- the first plating layer is also simply referred to as “compound layer”.
- the Fe—Al intermetallic compound layer located at the interface of the base steel plate is also simply referred to as “interface alloy layer”.
- the effect of controlling crack propagation in the plating layer that is, chipping resistance
- the crystal grain size of the structure constituting the fine layer 1 fine it is possible to suppress the propagation of cracks inside the plating layer.
- the circle equivalent diameter of the maximum crystal grain size contained in the fine layer 1 is preferably 500 nm or less, and more preferably 200 nm or less.
- the crystal grain size of the phase constituting the fine layer 1 is almost 100 nm or less in terms of the equivalent circle diameter (a crystal phase of 1 ⁇ m or more is not observed).
- the lower limit value of the equivalent circle diameter of the maximum crystal grain size contained in the fine layer 1 is not particularly limited. However, this lower limit may be set to 10 nm as necessary.
- the area of the structure having a maximum crystal grain size of 1 ⁇ m or less in terms of the equivalent circle diameter is preferably 90% or more with respect to the entire cross-sectional area of the fine layer 1 at the cut surface of any plating layer.
- the area ratio of the structure having a maximum crystal grain size of 1 ⁇ m or less in terms of the equivalent circle diameter is preferably 90% or more.
- the frequency of peeling of the plating layer tends to increase during the gravel test.
- the crystal grains of the fine layer 1 are fine, the corrosion resistance tends to be improved, and the plating hardness tends to be high.
- the metal phase constituting the structure of the fine layer 1 is at least a Zn phase, a quasicrystalline phase, and a Mg 51 Zn 20 phase, and there may be a phase containing both Zn and Mg whose crystal structure is not clear.
- the Zn phase, the quasicrystalline phase, and the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase that mainly constitute the fine layer 1 the main metal phase is the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase. Further, in the fine layer 1 according to the present embodiment, there is almost no Mg phase in the fine layer 1.
- the fine layer 1 does not contain Mg.
- FIG. 2A is an electron beam diffraction image obtained from a black portion occupying most of the fine layer 1 shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2B is an electron obtained from a white portion in the fine layer 1 shown in FIG. It is a line diffraction image.
- the electron diffraction pattern shown in FIG. 2A occupying most of the fine layer 1 is an electron diffraction pattern derived from the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase. It can be confirmed from the electron diffraction image shown in FIG. 2A that the fine layer 1 contains the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase.
- FIG. 2B although the intensity is weak, a radial regular decagonal electron beam diffraction image caused by the regular icosahedron structure can be confirmed.
- the electron beam diffraction image shown in FIG. 2B is an image obtained from a fine quasicrystalline phase contained in the fine layer 1. It can be confirmed from the electron diffraction image shown in FIG. 2B that the fine layer 1 contains a fine quasicrystalline phase.
- the fine layer 1 contains a Zn phase.
- the presence of an intermetallic compound such as Mg 51 Zn 20 phase or a metal phase such as Zn phase contained in the fine layer 1 can be confirmed by an electron diffraction image by TEM as described above. It can also be confirmed by X-Ray Diffractometer.
- the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase is a JCPDS card: PDF # 00-008-0269 or # 00-065-4290, or a non-patent document (Journal of solid state chemistry 36, 225-233 (1981)). It is defined as a constituent phase that can be identified by.
- the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase has an atomic structure having a unit cell close to a cubic crystal and forming an icosahedron in the unit cell.
- Mg 51 Zn 20 and the quasicrystal are in different phases.
- the crystal structures of Mg 51 Zn 20 and the quasicrystal are similar, it is considered that the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase affects the generation of the quasicrystal phase.
- the Zn phase contained in the fine layer 1 is significantly different from the quasicrystalline phase in chemical composition and crystal structure. This Zn phase can be judged as a stable phase formed as a result of sufficient element diffusion at a high temperature during the production of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet.
- the determination of the presence or absence of Mg phase may be confirmed by TEM-EDX, SEM-EDX, or the like, or by XRD.
- Mg phase is not included in the metal structure of the fine layer 1.
- the TEM diffraction image of the fine layer 1 if the even fraction of Mg phase crystal grains is 3% or less when arbitrary crystal grains are sampled at 100 or more, the Mg phase is included in the metal structure of the fine layer 1. Is not included.
- the even fraction of Mg phase crystal grains is more preferably less than 2%, and most preferably less than 1%.
- the abundance ratio of the aforementioned phases in the fine layer 1 may not be specified.
- the abundance ratio of each phase varies depending on the component composition, the factor affecting the chipping resistance is the fineness of the structure depending on the crystal grain size rather than the abundance ratio of each phase.
- the thickness of the fine layer 1 is not particularly limited, but the thickness of the normal plated layer of the hot-dip plated steel sheet, which tends to increase the basis weight, is generally about 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m. Since the layer 1 often occupies 1/4 to 2/3 of the entire plating layer, the thickness of the fine layer 1 can be 0.75 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the fine layer (second plating layer) 1 having a structure as described above is a relatively hard plating layer as compared with a compound layer (first plating layer) 2 described later.
- the Vickers hardness of the fine layer 1 measured in accordance with JIS Z2244 is 250 to 350 Hv as the 30-point average value of the arbitrary fine layer 1.
- the fine layer 1 is composed of a fine structure having a maximum crystal grain size of 1 ⁇ m or less in terms of the equivalent circle diameter, and is harder than the first plating layer. An inhibitory effect (that is, chipping resistance) can be exhibited.
- the hardness distribution of the fine layer 1 depends on the cooling rate during plating production. Increasing the plating hardness is effective in improving not only chipping resistance but also scratch resistance and wear resistance.
- the compound layer (first plating layer) 2 is composed of a structure containing an MgZn phase, an Mg phase, and a quasicrystalline phase.
- first plating layer 2 is composed of a structure containing an MgZn phase, an Mg phase, and a quasicrystalline phase.
- the structure of the compound layer 2 first contains the MgZn phase, which is the structure of the gray portion located at the bottom of the compound layer 2 in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 1, this MgZn phase is a hard structure having a relatively large crystal grain size with an equivalent circle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more. Further, the compound layer 2 contains a structure that is finer than the hard MgZn phase on the upper side (plating layer surface side) of the hard MgZn phase and that has grown in the thickness direction of the plating layer. The structure grown in the thickness direction of the plating layer is composed of a minute MgZn phase and a quasicrystalline phase, and a soft Mg phase exists so as to fill the gap between the structure of the MgZn phase and the quasicrystalline phase. Yes.
- the crystal grain size of the hard MgZn phase contained in the compound layer 2 is preferably 500 nm or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, in terms of a circle equivalent diameter.
- the upper limit of the equivalent circle diameter of the hard MgZn phase crystal grains contained in the compound layer 2 is not particularly limited. However, the upper limit may be set to 5 ⁇ m as necessary.
- the size of the MgZn phase is related to the thickness of the compound layer 2, and the smaller the compound layer 2, the smaller the compound layer 2. From the judgment of an appropriate thickness of the compound layer, 500 nm to 5 ⁇ m can be said to be an appropriate thickness of MgZn.
- the thickness of the compound layer 2 is also increased. For example, a portion where the ground iron is exposed at the time of chipping is reduced. That is, immediately after chipping, the plating layer of the compound layer 2 remains, so that red rust does not occur and is covered with white rust.
- the portion corresponding to the dendritic structure of the dendritic structure is mainly a quasicrystalline phase rather than the MgZn phase. That is, in the dendritic structure, the portion corresponding to the tree branch includes a small MgZn phase mainly composed of the quasicrystalline phase, and the portion corresponding to the leaf of the tree branch includes the Mg phase. Can be compared.
- Dendritic tissue refers to tissue that does not have a clear break in any cross-section, and is a tissue form that cannot be replaced by an equivalent circle, etc., and is specified as a sphere, flat circle, or polygon. It differs from the tissue morphology that aggregates into an area. With regard to chipping resistance, crack dispersion suppression effect cannot be obtained by dispersion of a sphere or polygonal structure, and the presence of a dendritic structure can provide such crack propagation suppression effect.
- FIG. 3A is an electron beam diffraction image obtained from a coarse MgZn phase in the compound layer 2 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is from a structure grown dendriticly in the compound layer 2 shown in FIG. It is the obtained electron beam diffraction image.
- the electron diffraction image shown in FIG. 3A is an electron diffraction image derived from a coarse MgZn phase. It can be confirmed from the electron diffraction image shown in FIG. 3A that the compound layer 2 contains an MgZn phase. Further, in FIG. 3B, a radial regular decagonal electron beam diffraction image due to the regular icosahedron structure can be confirmed.
- 3B is an image obtained from the quasicrystalline phase included in the compound layer 2. It can be confirmed from the electron beam diffraction image shown in FIG. 3B that the compound layer 2 contains a quasicrystalline phase.
- the Mg phase is contained in the compound layer 2 by analyzing the electron beam diffraction image obtained from the part corresponding to the leaf of a tree branch among the dendritic structures in the compound layer 2 Was confirmed.
- the presence of an intermetallic compound such as MgZn phase or a metal phase such as Mg phase contained in the compound layer 2 can be confirmed by an electron beam diffraction image by TEM as described above, or by XRD. Is also possible.
- the area of the massive MgZn phase is preferably 10% to 70% with respect to the cross-sectional area of the entire compound layer 2 at the cut surface of an arbitrary plating layer.
- the area ratio of the MgZn phase in the compound layer 2 is preferably 10% to 70%.
- the area ratio of the massive MgZn phase is 10% to 70%, the chipping resistance can be surely exhibited and the corrosion resistance can be further improved.
- the area ratio of the massive MgZn phase is more preferably 20% to 40%.
- the thickness of the compound layer 2 is not particularly limited, but the thickness of a normal plated layer of a hot-dip plated steel sheet having a tendency to increase the basis weight is generally about 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, and the compound according to the present embodiment Since the layer 2 often occupies 1/3 to 3/4 of the entire plating layer, the thickness of the compound layer 2 can be 1 ⁇ m to 23 ⁇ m.
- an oxide such as MgO, Fe oxide, or Zn oxide may be mixed as an inevitable impurity in the production process of the plating layer in operation.
- these impurities are in a trace amount, there is no problem, and if the compound layer 2 is composed of the above-mentioned phase, the good chipping resistance and corrosion resistance, which are the effects of the present invention, can be fully enjoyed.
- the MgZn phases, addition of Mg phase and quasicrystalline phase there is a case where a very small amount of "Mg 51 Zn 20" is rarely observed, even in this case the "Mg 51 Zn 20" If the compound layer 2 is composed of the above-mentioned phase, the good chipping resistance and corrosion resistance, which are the effects of the present invention, can be fully enjoyed.
- the compound layer (first plating layer) 2 having the above structure is a relatively soft plating layer as compared with the fine layer (second plating layer) 1 described above.
- the Vickers hardness of the compound layer 2 measured according to JIS Z2244 is an average value of 80 to 200 Hv.
- the compound layer 2 is composed of a structure containing the above MgZn phase, quasicrystalline phase, and Mg phase, and is a softer layer than the second plating layer, so that crack propagation in the plating layer as described later can occur. An inhibitory effect (that is, chipping resistance) can be exhibited.
- a plating layer composed of the fine layer 1 and the compound layer 2 can be formed by the heat treatment method.
- the plating layer provided in the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to this embodiment has been described in detail above.
- the interface alloy layer which is an alloy layer with which the quasicrystal containing plated steel plate which concerns on this embodiment is provided is demonstrated in detail.
- an interface alloy layer 3 made of an Al—Fe intermetallic compound is formed at the interface between the plating layer including the fine layer 1 and the compound layer 2 and the base steel plate.
- the interface alloy layer 3 made of an Al—Fe intermetallic compound can be formed at the interface.
- the interface alloy layer 3 preferably contains at least one of Al 3 Fe (more specifically, Al 3.2 Fe) or Fe 5 Al 2 as an intermetallic compound. Since the Al—Fe intermetallic compound including the intermetallic compound has a complicated needle shape, adhesion is increased by increasing the bonding force between the upper compound layer 2 and the base steel plate by an anchor effect. The chipping resistance can be further improved. Further, it has been found that the Al—Fe intermetallic compound layer affects not only the chipping resistance but also the adhesion of the plating layer.
- the thickness of the interface alloy layer 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 nm. Since the thickness of the interface alloy layer 3 is less than 1 ⁇ m as described above, the presence or absence of the interface alloy layer 3 is preferably confirmed by TEM observation or the like.
- an oxide film having a thickness of less than about 200 nm may be formed on the outermost layer of the plating layer. Such an oxide film does not affect the chipping resistance of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to this embodiment, and is not particularly defined in the present invention.
- the structure of the plating layer is either a polished test piece, CP (Cross Section Polisher) processing, FIB (Focused Long Beam) processing, the structure of the plating layer cross section by ion milling is observed with an optical microscope, SEM, TEM, etc. This can be confirmed by performing the analysis process.
- the crystal grain size of the metal structure can be measured by SEM observation if it is a structure of 1 ⁇ m or more, but the structure and quasicrystalline phase finer than 1 ⁇ m are measured by TEM observation as described above. can do.
- the kind of phase in the fine layer 1 or the compound layer 2 can be confirmed by a known technique such as an electron diffraction pattern of EPMA or TEM.
- the area ratio of the target phase based on observations from a plurality of visual fields.
- the observation for determining the area ratio is preferably performed, for example, in at least 10 fields of view.
- An entire cross section of an arbitrary plating layer is photographed with a SEM or the like at a magnification of about 1000 times, a region surrounded by a tissue is created on the image by known image processing and binarization processing, and the area ratio is measured.
- the metal structure of the plating layer can be confirmed as follows. First, a quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet is cut and a sample is taken so that a cut surface in which the plate thickness direction and the cutting direction are parallel to each other becomes an observation surface. The cut surface of the obtained sample is polished or CP processed. In the case of polishing, the polished cross section is subjected to nital etching. Thereafter, the cross section obtained with an optical microscope or SEM is observed, and a metal structure photograph is taken.
- the chemical component of the constituent phase can be measured by analysis using EDX or EPMA as described above. It is possible to easily identify the constituent phase from the chemical analysis result.
- the area ratio of the constituent phases can be measured by binarizing the obtained metal structure photograph by, for example, image analysis and measuring the area ratio of each part of the plating layer. Further, the average equivalent circle diameter can be calculated from the area of the obtained individual region (constituent phase). Alternatively, the metal structure of the plating layer may be observed by an EBSD (Electron Back Scattering Diffraction Pattern) method, the constituent phase may be identified, and the area ratio of the constituent phase and the average equivalent circle diameter may be obtained.
- EBSD Electro Back Scattering Diffraction Pattern
- the metal structure of the plating layer is observed as follows. That is, the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet is cut and a thin piece sample is taken so that the cut surface in which the plate thickness direction and the cutting direction are parallel becomes the observation surface. The obtained thin piece sample is subjected to an ion milling method. Alternatively, the quasi-crystal-containing plated steel sheet is FIB-processed so that a cut surface in which the plate thickness direction and the cutting direction are parallel becomes an observation surface, and a thin piece sample is collected. A thin sample obtained using TEM is observed, and a metallographic photograph is taken. The constituent phase can be accurately identified by an electron diffraction image. Further, the area ratio of the constituent phases and the average equivalent circle diameter can be obtained by image analysis of the obtained metal structure photograph.
- the confirmation method of the various metal structures in the plating layer with which the quasicrystal containing plated steel plate which concerns on this embodiment is provided was demonstrated. Needless to say, the above confirmation method is also applicable to confirmation of the structure of the interface alloy layer.
- a chemical conversion treatment film layer by further performing an organic chemical conversion treatment or an inorganic chemical conversion treatment on the plating layer of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present embodiment. Since the plating layer according to the present embodiment contains a certain concentration or more of Zn in the plating layer, it is possible to perform the same phosphorylation treatment, chromate treatment, and chromate-free treatment as the Zn-based plated steel sheet. Furthermore, the coating on the chemical conversion treatment film formed by such chemical conversion treatment can also be carried out in the same manner as with the Zn-based plated steel sheet. Moreover, the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present embodiment can be used as an original sheet of a laminated steel sheet.
- the structure of the plated layer is positioned on the surface side (surface layer side) of the plated layer, and further on the mother steel sheet side of the fine layer 1.
- the compound layer 2 has a multilayer structure. Providing such a multi-layered plating layer makes it difficult for cracks on the surface of the plating layer generated by external pressure due to chipping to reach the interface between the plating layer and the base steel plate. Specifically, the relatively hard fine layer 1 located on the surface side of the plating layer is finely crushed by the external pressure, but when the generated crack reaches the interface between the fine layer 1 and the compound layer 2, the interface Propagate along.
- the crack generated on the surface of the plating layer does not propagate to the relatively soft compound layer 2 and therefore does not reach the interface between the plating layer and the base steel plate. Therefore, even if the fine layer 1 finely crushed due to the generation of cracks and the propagation of cracks is peeled off, the compound layer 2 having excellent adhesion to the mother steel plate is difficult to peel off, and the exposure of the mother steel plate can be avoided. .
- FIG. 4 an example in which the crack (chipping crack) 4 of the plating layer after the chipping test has progressed along the interface between the fine layer 1 and the compound layer 2 is shown in FIG.
- the plating layer has a multilayer structure including the fine layer 1 and the compound layer 2
- cracks generated on the surface of the plating layer, that is, the fine layer 1 are present at the interface with the compound layer 2. It can be seen that it propagates along, does not propagate inside the compound layer 2 and does not reach the mother steel plate. Propagation of such special cracks (cracks) can be realized by making the plating layer into a multilayer structure as in the present invention.
- the component of the plating layer is the same component as the present invention as described above, if the plating layer has a single layer structure, cracks are connected one after another in the structure, leaving a large chipping mark, The exposed part of the mother steel plate becomes large.
- the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet Al is added to the plating layer, and the interface alloy layer 3 is formed at the interface between the steel sheet and the plating layer by an appropriate heat treatment to be described later. Produced. Thereby, the adhesiveness of a plating layer and a mother steel plate further improves.
- the quasi-crystal-containing plated steel sheet according to the present invention has no noticeable chipping marks even in a situation where a part of the plating layer is broken, and the remaining compound layer 2 exhibits a corrosion prevention function. The progress of corrosion is also suppressed.
- a thermal spraying method, a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, an electroplating method, or the like can be applied to the formation of the plating layer.
- the hot dipping method is most preferable in terms of cost.
- a plurality of plating processes may be performed under different conditions.
- the plating layer is subjected to heat treatment described later, thereby controlling the phase structure and the layer structure in the plating layer to form a multilayer structure. It is also preferable because it is advantageous in terms of cost. Also in this respect, the hot dipping method is advantageous because it can utilize the cooling process of the molten plating alloy as a heat treatment.
- a metal coating layer having a specific composition is formed on the steel sheet surface by vapor deposition or the like, and then the steel sheet is charged into a heating furnace and heated to melt only the surface metal coating layer.
- heat treatment in the cooling process it is possible to form a plating layer similar to the plating layer by the hot dipping method. It should be noted that remelting only the plating layer (metal coating layer) in this manner is completely different from the melting point of the metal coating layer mainly composed of Mg and Zn and the melting point of the steel plate as the base material. If so, it can be done easily by optimizing the temperature and time.
- the metal coating layer composed mainly of Mg and Zn when heated at 500 ° C., the metal coating layer composed mainly of Mg and Zn is completely melted and the base material is not melted.
- rapid heating in a high temperature atmosphere preferentially heats the steel sheet surface in contact with the atmosphere, which is advantageous for heating only the surface coating layer.
- a molten plating alloy having the above-described chemical components is disposed on a base steel plate (plating step).
- the plating methods that can be used in the plating step are as described above, it is preferable to employ a hot dipping method.
- the plated alloy in a molten state located on the base steel plate is cooled to 330 to 200 ° C. at a cooling rate of 10 ° C./second or less (first cooling step).
- first cooling step when the hot dipping method is adopted in the plating process, the first cooling process is performed immediately after coming out of the plating bath.
- the cooling rate in the first cooling process is large, many cracks are generated in the plating layer due to internal stress accompanying rapid solidification, and the chipping resistance is extremely lowered.
- the cooling rate is too high, a large amount of quasicrystalline phase is precipitated in the plating layer, and the quasicrystalline phase precipitation form and plating layer structure cannot be maintained in the subsequent thermal process.
- Such generated cracks and coarse precipitates do not disappear unless heated to the melting point of the plating alloy to remelt the plating layer, and thus are not suitable for forming a multilayered plating layer.
- the cracks hinder the homogenization of the internal structure of the plating layer during the subsequent heat treatment, and the formation of the composite layer may not occur. Since the formation of cracks extremely deteriorates the corrosion resistance of the present invention, it is preferable to suppress the formation as much as possible.
- the cooling rate of the plated alloy in the molten state is preferably 8 ° C./second or less.
- the lower limit value of the cooling rate of the plating alloy is not particularly limited, and the slower the slower the generation of cracks on the plating layer surface, the lower limit value is appropriately determined in consideration of operability such as cost. Just decide.
- the plating layer is once completely solidified.
- a temperature rising holding process which is a reheating process of the plating layer as described later, is performed.
- the temperature rising and holding step is performed without going through a process of completely solidifying the plating layer (that is, in a state where the plating layer is not completely solidified)
- spherical coarse quasicrystals in the plating layer that is, in a state where the plating layer is not completely solidified
- the MgZn phase is dispersed and the rest is filled with Mg 51 Zn 20 , and the compound layer 2 is extremely difficult to form.
- many cracks tend to occur in the plating layer. For this reason, it is important that the temperature at which the plated alloy in the molten state is cooled is 330 ° C. or lower.
- the cooling temperature is preferably 300 ° C. or less, and more preferably 250 ° C. or less.
- the cooling ultimate temperature is less than 200 ° C.
- the surface temperature of the plating layer tends to become rough and the surface appearance tends to deteriorate in the subsequent temperature rise holding step.
- the cooling attainment temperature is lower than 200 ° C.
- the quasicrystalline phase precipitates and grows in the plated layer more than necessary, and a coarse quasicrystalline phase is likely to be mixed in the fine layer. Subsequent control of the structure may be somewhat difficult, and from this point of view, it is preferable to set the cooling temperature to 200 ° C. or higher.
- the lower limit of the cooling arrival temperature in the first cooling step does not need to be strictly limited as the upper limit of the cooling arrival temperature. For example, even when a molten plated layer is cooled to room temperature, the structure of the present invention can be obtained if the subsequent heat treatment conditions are satisfied.
- the plated steel sheet that has been cooled in the first cooling step is brought to a temperature rising temperature range of 350 ° C. to 400 ° C. at an average heating rate (average heating rate) of 10 ° C./second to 50 ° C./second. Reheat and hold in this temperature range for 5-30 seconds (temperature rise holding step).
- average heating rate average heating rate
- the solidified state is changed to a semi-molten state inside the plating layer, and the structure precipitated in the first cooling step is almost reset (in some cases, however, There may be a slight residual quasicrystalline phase formed in one cooling step).
- a temperature range of 350 ° C. to 400 ° C. has a structure state that does not have a specific precipitation phase and is almost similar to a liquid phase.
- a certain amount of cracks generated in the first cooling step are recovered.
- the MgZn phase is precipitated from the interface of the base steel plate, and then the Mg phase and the quasicrystalline phase are sequentially grown to form the compound layer 2 having these composite phases.
- the material that is most likely to grow in this temperature range is MgZn, and as a result of component segregation and separation due to MgZn precipitation, a dendritic quasicrystal is subsequently deposited, and a structure in which Mg fills the dendritic gap is obtained.
- the average heating rate is too small as less than 10 ° C./second, the MgZn phase precipitated from the mother steel plate interface is too coarse, and the compound layer 2 does not become a composite phase. Further, cracks formed in the first cooling step tend to remain as they are.
- the average heating temperature is too high, exceeding 50 ° C./second, the temperature rise temperature range is narrow, which is technically difficult in terms of temperature control.
- the holding time is less than 5 seconds, the generation of the composite phase in the compound layer 2 becomes insufficient, and the chipping resistance cannot be sufficiently improved.
- the holding time exceeds 30 seconds, the ratio of the compound layer 2 in the plating layer becomes too large, and it becomes difficult to sufficiently generate the fine layer 1 in the second cooling step described later.
- the composite layer is not formed, and the chipping resistance cannot be sufficiently improved.
- the time maintained in the range of 350 ° C. to 400 ° C. is about 10 seconds to 20 seconds. As the time increases, MgZn 2 tends to grow.
- the composite phase in the compound layer 2 is not sufficiently formed, and chipping resistance is prevented.
- the sex does not improve sufficiently.
- the surface structure of the plating layer tends to be rough, and the surface appearance tends to deteriorate. Therefore, it is very important to control the temperature rising temperature and holding time in reheating.
- an Mg—MgZn eutectic composition exists, and when it exceeds 350 ° C., a liquid phase appears in the plating layer.
- the temperature exceeds 400 ° C. the plating layer is in a completely molten state, and there is also a concern about the influence on the material of the base iron.
- MgZn grows extremely and a composite layer structure is no longer formed. Moreover, if it cools rapidly in a subsequent process, since temperature is too high, many cracks will arise.
- 400 degreeC in a subsequent temperature process process, since a plating surface will be rough and it will become an external appearance defect, 400 degrees C or less is preferable.
- the plated steel sheet is cooled (rapidly cooled) at an average cooling rate of 20 ° C./second or more (second cooling step).
- the plating layer surface region that was in a semi-molten state in the temperature rising and holding step is solidified from the liquid phase, and the maximum crystal grain size (equivalent circle diameter) is 1 ⁇ m without causing precipitation of the equilibrium Mg phase.
- a fine layer 1 having the following fine structure is formed.
- the average cooling rate is less than 20 ° C./second, a large amount of Mg phase is deposited on the surface of the plating layer, and the corrosion resistance is extremely deteriorated.
- the upper limit value of the average cooling rate in the second cooling step is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 2000 ° C./second.
- the cooling rate on the plating surface when submerged is about 2000 ° C./sec.
- formation of the composite phase disclosed in the present invention has been confirmed.
- the higher the cooling rate the greater the hardness of the fine layer.
- the cooling rate during this period may be improved as much as possible.
- the hardness tends to increase partially, but the average hardness increases only slightly, and the tackiness does not change much.
- a contact-type thermocouple K-type
- K-type a contact-type thermocouple
- the average temperature of the entire plating layer can be monitored constantly.
- various speeds and thicknesses and unifying various operating conditions such as the preheating temperature of the steel sheet and the temperature of the hot dipping bath
- the temperature of the entire plating layer at that point in the manufacturing conditions It becomes possible to monitor almost accurately. Therefore, it is possible to precisely control the cooling process in the first cooling process and the second cooling process and the heating process in the temperature raising and holding process.
- the surface temperature of the plating layer may be measured by a non-contact type radiation thermometer.
- the relationship between the surface temperature of the plating layer and the average temperature of the entire plating layer may be obtained by a simulation that performs heat conduction analysis. Specifically, the preheating temperature of the steel plate, the temperature of the hot dipping bath, the pulling speed of the steel plate from the plating bath, the plate thickness of the steel plate, the layer thickness of the plating layer, the heat exchange heat quantity between the plating layer and the manufacturing equipment, Based on various manufacturing conditions such as the amount of heat release, the surface temperature of the plating layer and the average temperature of the entire plating layer are obtained. Then, what is necessary is just to obtain
- the temperature of the plating bath is set to the melting point of the plating alloy (440 to 540 ° C. in the plating composition according to the present invention) + 40 ° C. It is common. Therefore, in the present invention in which Al is contained in the plating alloy, when the plating original plate is first immersed in the plating bath, Al instantaneously moves to the interface between the plating layer and the base steel plate, and the Al—Fe intermetallic compound An interfacial alloy layer is formed. Once such an interface alloy layer is formed, since the melting point of the Al—Fe intermetallic compound constituting the interface alloy layer is high, the interface alloy layer will not disappear due to the heat treatment performed thereafter.
- a pure metal purity 99% or more
- the alloy material it is preferable to use a pure metal (purity 99% or more) as the alloy material.
- a predetermined amount of an alloy metal is mixed so as to have the above-mentioned plating layer composition, and completely melted using a high frequency induction furnace, an arc furnace, or the like in a vacuum or an inert gas replacement state to obtain an alloy.
- the said alloy mixed with the predetermined component is melt
- the bath temperature of the plating bath is preferably in the range of about 40 ° C. higher than the melting point of the plating alloy from the viewpoint of normal plating operation, for example, 480 ° C. to 520 ° C. and 550 ° C. The following is preferable.
- a pre-plating treatment such as Ni pre-plating or Cu pre-plating can be applied as a pretreatment.
- plating means such as vapor deposition and sputtering to the plating process, the above pretreatment is not necessary, and a plating layer of a predetermined alloy composition may be formed on the steel plate.
- heating and cooling equipment for heat treatment.
- heat treatment and reheating treatment using known equipment such as an IH (Induction Heating) heating furnace or an infrared heating furnace, the operating conditions of the equipment are appropriately set so as to satisfy the above heat treatment conditions. Good.
- N 2 gas cooling, mist cooling, submersion, and the like can be applied.
- the cooling gas in addition to N 2 gas, a gas having a high heat removal effect such as He gas or hydrogen gas may be used.
- a corrosion acceleration test such as a combined cycle corrosion test or a hot water spray test can be used. By evaluating the corrosion weight loss and red rust prevention period, the superiority or inferiority of the corrosion resistance can be determined.
- a corrosion acceleration test using a high concentration (for example, around 5%) NaCl aqueous solution.
- a NaCl aqueous solution having a low concentration for example, 1% or less
- ⁇ Evaluation method of chipping resistance> In order to evaluate the chipping resistance of the quasicrystal-containing plated steel sheet, for example, it is preferable to perform a method of visually evaluating the peeling area of the plating layer using a gravel tester.
- the test conditions may be set as appropriate. For example, “Using a gravel tester, 100 g of No. 7 crushed stone was cooled to ⁇ 20 ° C. at a pressure of 3.0 kg / cm 2 from a distance of 30 cm to a plated layer. For example, it is sufficient to adopt a condition such as “impact at an angle of 90 degrees”.
- evaluation of chipping resistance is more preferable because it is closer to the actual use situation than the evaluation with an as-plated steel sheet, and after the phosphorylation treatment, it is performed with a plated steel sheet coated with electrodeposition, intermediate coating, and top coating. .
- the area ratio of MgZn contained in each plating layer may be evaluated by the following method after replacing the SEM field of view after identifying the target phase as MgZn by TEM electron diffraction. That is, an image obtained from the SEM visual field is binarized into a black and white image, and the area occupied by the MgZn phase is calculated by computer image processing for the entire plating layer.
- ⁇ Method for evaluating hardness of plating layer> As a method for evaluating the hardness of the plating layer, it is easy to prepare a plating layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more and measure the Vickers hardness from the surface. However, in this method, care should be taken because it is easily affected by the hardness of the base iron, the interface alloy layer, and the compound layer unless there is a certain plating thickness. If the plating layer has a certain thickness, the hardness of the extreme surface plating layer is measured. If the plating layer hardness is high, it can be generally determined that the wear resistance is excellent. More preferably, it is preferable to collect a cross section of the plating layer and evaluate the hardness of each phase with a nanoindenter or the like.
- ⁇ Plating adhesion evaluation method> When evaluating the adhesiveness of a plating layer, it is common to evaluate by tape peeling in an uneven part after a ball impact test. The smaller the amount of peeling, the better the adhesion. In addition, the adhesiveness can be similarly evaluated by evaluating tape peeling at the processed part after the V-bending test, T-bending test, and Erichsen test.
- ingots having chemical components shown in Tables 1 to 8 were prepared to prepare a plating bath.
- the cold-rolled steel plate (plate thickness 0.6mm) was used as the original plate (plating original plate) of a plated steel plate.
- this cold-rolled steel sheet was cut into 10 cm ⁇ 17 cm, it was plated with an in-house manufactured batch type hot dipping test apparatus.
- general low carbon steel (C: 0.1% or less, Si: 0.01% or less, Mn: 0.2% or less, P and S: 0.03% or less, Fe: balance )It was adopted.
- the blank in the chemical composition of the plating alloy indicates that the corresponding chemical composition is not intentionally added.
- the plating original plate is immersed in a plating bath having a melting point of the original plate + 40 ° C., and then pulled up and then wiped using N 2 gas. Thus, the plating adhesion amount was adjusted (plating process).
- the surface of the plating layer was observed with an SEM, and five arbitrary 1 cm square fields were selected. One field of view was divided into 100 1 mm 2 grid-like regions, and each region was observed. A sample where cracks were observed at an average value of 50% or more was designated as “+”. -"
- the compound layer 2 that is the first plating layer and the fine layer 1 that is the second plating layer can be confirmed for the multilayer structure.
- the plating structure was confirmed.
- “+” is added to each of the observed plated structures of MgZn, Mg and quasicrystals.
- the fine layer 1 “+” is added to each of the observed plated structures of Mg 51 Zn 20 , Zn and quasicrystals.
- “+” indicates that an interface alloy layer made of an Al—Fe intermetallic compound was observed, and “ ⁇ ” indicates that the thickness of the interface alloy layer was not present and was not present.
- the area ratio of the structure composed of the MgZn phase, the Zn phase, and the quasicrystalline phase in the compound layer 2 is confirmed for the layer structure confirmed.
- the area ratio of the structure composed of the Mg 51 Zn 20 phase, the Zn phase, and the quasicrystalline phase in the fine layer 1 was measured.
- the area ratio in each layer was measured by image processing using a computer.
- the obtained plated steel sheet was subjected to a cycle corrosion acceleration test in accordance with JASO (Japan Automobile Technical Standards) M609-91, and only the salt water concentration was set to 0.5% NaCl, and the naked corrosion resistance (flat plate corrosion resistance) of the plated steel sheet was determined. evaluated. Specifically, the corrosion weight loss after the elapse of 60 cycles exceeds 30 g / m 2 is “Poor”, 30 to 10 g / m 2 is “Good”, and less than 10 g / m 2 is “Excellent”. did.
- the removal of the corrosion product of the plating layer was performed by a method of “immersing for 1 minute at room temperature using 200 g / l of chromium oxide (VI)”.
- the plating adhesion was evaluated by a ball impact test.
- a striker with a hemispherical convex surface is placed on the back side of the test surface, and a hemispherical concave tray is placed on the test surface side.
- a weight of 2 kg) was dropped from a height of 70 cm, and the strike core was hit.
- the Nichiban cellophane adhesive tape was applied to the test surface projected by the strike core and then peeled off, and the peeling from the surface of the plated steel sheet was observed.
- the case where peeling was not observed was “Excellent”, and the plating layer was slightly peeled (less than 1% in area%) at the edges and protrusions was “Good”, and peeling was 1% or more.
- the thing was "Poor”.
- the occurrence of white rust was evaluated by a salt spray test (SST: Salt Spray Test) in accordance with JIS Z2371: 2000. Specifically, a salt spray test (SST) using a 5% NaCl aqueous solution was performed using the manufactured plated steel sheet, and the test elapsed time in which white rust exceeding 5% in area% was generated on the flat portion of the plated steel sheet was investigated. .
- SST Salt Spray Test
- the plated steel sheet in which the white rust is not confirmed after 120 hours is referred to as “Excellent”
- the plated steel sheet in which the white rust is not confirmed after 24 hours is defined as “Good”.
- the confirmed plated steel sheet was designated as “Poor”. “Excellent” represents the most excellent white rust evaluation.
- an intermediate coating (Olga P-manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was applied on the coated plate obtained by subjecting the obtained plated steel sheet to Zn phosphoric acid treatment and electrodeposition coating (Power Top U-30 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.). 2) was applied by wet-on-wet and then baked at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- a metallic paint (trade name “Super Lac M-155 Silver” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) is applied so that the dry film thickness is about 15 ⁇ m, and then cleared by wet-on-wet.
- a paint (trade name “Super Lac O-150 Clear” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was applied so that the dry film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m. After setting for about 7 minutes, a laminated coating film was obtained by baking at 140 ° C. for 25 minutes. A solvent-type metallic base paint “Super Lac M-90” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. was applied thereto, and a clear paint was applied wet-on-wet and baked at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the chipping resistance was evaluated on the coated steel sheet with the coating film on which the above-described series of coating was applied. Specifically, using a Gravelo tester (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.), a crushed stone of No. 7 was applied to a coating film cooled to ⁇ 20 ° C. at a pressure of 3.0 kg / cm 2 from a distance of 30 cm to 90 ° The degree of peeling (peeling) was visually observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. In this example, 3 is a temporary evaluation, “Good”, 4 or more is “Excellent”, and 2 or less is “Poor”.
- the antiglare effect was evaluated by a spectrocolorimetric method. Originally, visual evaluation is preferable, but after confirming in advance that there is a correlation between visual observation and the L * value by a colorimeter, SCI (regular reflection) using a spectrocolorimeter (D65 light source, 10 ° field of view). Evaluation was made by the method including light. Specifically, the L * value of the manufactured plated steel sheet was examined using a spectrocolorimeter CM2500d manufactured by Konica Minolta under the conditions of a measurement diameter of 8 ⁇ , a 10 ° field of view, and a D65 light source.
- CM2500d manufactured by Konica Minolta
- the plated steel sheet L * value is less than 75 and "Excellent”, and the plated steel sheet L * value is not less than 75 and "Poor".
- “Excellent” represents that it is excellent in the anti-glare effect.
- the plating layer hardness (Vickers hardness) was measured as an index for evaluating scratch resistance. Samples were cut into 50 ⁇ 50 mm, laterally spaced by 2 mm, longitudinally spaced by 7.5 mm, load of 10 gf, ATU-504 manufactured by MITUTOYO, Japan Marine Self Test No. According to H-05TK225, the Hv value at an average of 30 points was measured. An average Hv value of 250 or more was “Excellent”, 200 or more was “Good”, and less than 200 was “Poor”. 1 gf is about 9.8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 N.
- the appearance of the plated steel sheet was evaluated by a storage test in a constant temperature and humidity chamber. Specifically, the manufactured plated steel sheet was stored for 120 hours in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 95%, and after storage, the area percentage of the blackened portion in the flat portion of the plated steel sheet was investigated.
- a plated steel sheet with an area% and a blackened portion of less than 1% with respect to an evaluation area of 45 mm ⁇ 70 mm is referred to as “Excellent”, and a plated steel plate with a blackened portion of less than 1% to 3% is referred to as “Good”.
- the plated steel sheet having a blackened portion of 3% or more was designated as “Poor”. Note that “Excellent” represents the most excellent appearance evaluation.
- Second plating layer fine layer
- First plating layer compound layer
- Alloy layer interface alloy layer
- Cracking chipping cracking
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Abstract
Description
(2)前記めっき層の化学成分は、原子%で、Zn:32%~40%、Al:2%~5%、Ca:1%~2.5%を含有し、残部がMg及び不純物からなり、前記化学成分は、Zn/Al=7.5~18、Ca/Al=0.4~1.1を満足し、前記第2めっき層の最大結晶粒径が、円相当直径で1μm以下である、(1)に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
(3)板厚方向と切断方向とが平行となる断面で前記めっき層を見た場合に、前記第1めっき層の前記MgZn相は、円相当直径が1μm以上の結晶粒で構成され、前記第1めっき層の前記準結晶相は、前記板厚方向に沿って成長した組織で構成される、(1)又は(2)に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
(4)板厚方向と切断方向とが平行となる断面で前記めっき層を見た場合に、前記第2めっき層の前記最大結晶粒径が円相当直径で1μm以下である組織の面積は、前記第2めっき層全体の断面積に対して90%以上である、(1)~(3)の何れか1つに記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
(5)板厚方向と切断方向とが平行となる断面で前記めっき層を見た場合に、前記第1めっき層の前記MgZn相の面積は、前記第1めっき層全体の断面積に対して10%~70%である、(1)~(4)の何れか1つに記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
(6)前記第2めっき層は、Mg相を含有しない、(1)~(5)の何れか1つに記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
(7)前記第2めっき層のビッカース硬さの平均値は、250~350Hvである、(1)~(6)の何れか1つに記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
(8)前記合金層は、前記Al-Fe金属間化合物として、Fe5Al2又はAl3.2Feの少なくとも何れかを含み、前記合金層の厚みは、10nm~200nmである、(1)~(7)の何れか1つに記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
(9)化学成分が、原子%で、Zn:28.5%~50%、Al:0.3%~12%、La:0%~3.5%、Ce:0%~3.5%、Y:0%~3.5%、Ca:0%~3.5%、Sr:0%~0.5%、Si:0%~0.5%、Ti:0%~0.5%、Cr:0%~0.5%、Fe:0%~2%、Co:0%~0.5%、Ni:0%~0.5%、V:0%~0.5%、Nb:0%~0.5%、Cu:0%~0.5%、Sn:0%~0.5%、Mn:0%~0.2%、Sb:0%~0.5%、Pb:0%~0.5%を含有し、残部がMg及び不純物からなる、溶融状態のめっき合金を、鋼板の少なくとも一方の表面に配設させるめっき工程と、前記溶融状態のめっき合金を、平均冷却速度10℃/秒以下で330℃以下の温度範囲まで冷却して、前記鋼板の表面にめっき層を形成させる第1冷却工程と、前記第1冷却工程後、前記めっき層を、昇温速度10~50℃/秒の速度範囲で350℃~400℃の温度範囲内に昇温するとともに、5~30秒間保持する昇温保持工程と、前記昇温保持工程後、前記めっき層を20℃/秒以上の冷却速度で冷却する第2冷却工程と、を含む、準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法。
(10)前記めっき工程は、溶融めっき法によって実施され、前記鋼板を溶融めっき浴から引き出した後に、連続して前記第1冷却工程を実施する、(9)に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法。
(11)前記溶融状態のめっき合金の化学成分は、原子%で、Zn:32%~40%、Al:2%~5%、Ca:1%~2.5%を含有し、残部がMg及び不純物からなり、前記化学成分は、Zn/Al=7.5~18、Ca/Al=0.4~1.1を満足する、(8)~(10)の何れか1つに記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法。
本発明に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板の特徴の一つは、特定の化学成分を有するめっき層を特定の組織構成として、当該めっき層を母鋼板(以下、単に「鋼板」ともいう。)の表面に形成することにある。
最初に、めっき層の化学成分について、以下に説明する。
なお、本実施形態に係るめっき層は、後述のように、形態、結晶構造、組成が異なる各種の相が層状となった、特徴的な組織構成を有している。かかるめっき層の形態や結晶構造については観察することが可能であるが、めっき層を構成する個々の層の成分組成を規定することは困難であるため、本発明のめっき層の化学成分においては、めっき層全体の化学成分を規定することとする。なお、以下の説明において、化学成分を示す%は、特に断りがない限り、原子%を意味している。通常、金属相や金属間化合物の構成式を表示する際は、質量比ではなく、原子比を利用するからである。
基本的に、Mgは鋼板との濡れ性や反応性が悪く、Mgしか含有しないめっき層は鋼板上に形成することが非常に困難である。これは、めっき層中に鋼板中のFeが拡散せず、めっき層と鋼板とが密着しないためである。そのため、Znを一定濃度以上めっき層中に含有させることで、母鋼板との反応性(密着性)を向上させ、Mgを主成分とするめっき層を安定して鋼板上に形成することが可能となる。
Alは、めっき層の性能を向上させる元素である。具体的には、めっき層中にAlを含有させることで、めっき層の平面耐食性を向上させることができる。また、Alを含有させることで、めっき層中の相や金属間化合物に存在するZnの一部がAlと置換して、置換型固溶体を形成する。その結果、めっき層の絶縁性が増すとともに、腐食抵抗が増加することでめっき溶解時のイオン反応が抑制され、腐食減量が小さくなる。
Mg(マグネシウム)は、Zn及びAlと同様に、めっき層を構成する主要な元素であり、更に、犠牲防食性を向上させる元素である。また、Mgは、準結晶相の生成を促進させる重要な元素である。本実施形態においては、めっき層のMg含有量について特に規定する必要がなく、上記した残部のうちで不純物の含有量を除いた含有量とすればよい。
Caは、めっき層を形成するために溶融めっき法を適用する場合に、溶融めっきの操業性を改善するために、必要に応じて含有されてもよい。本実施形態に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板を溶融めっき法で製造する場合、めっき浴として酸化性の高い溶融Mg合金を大気中で保持する。そのため、何らかのMgの酸化防止手段を取ることが好ましい。Caは、Mgよりも酸化し易く、溶融状態でめっき浴面上に安定な酸化被膜を形成することで、浴中のMgの酸化を防止する。従って、めっき層のCa含有量を、0%~3.5%としてもよい。
[La(ランタン):0%~3.5%]
[Ce(セリウム):0%~3.5%]
Y、La、Ceは、Caと同様に、めっき層を形成するために溶融めっき法を適用する場合に、溶融めっきの操業牲を改善するために必要に応じて含有されてもよい。Y、La、Ceは、Mgよりも酸化し易く、溶融状態でめっき浴面上に安定な酸化被膜を形成することで、浴中のMgの酸化を防止する。従って、めっき層のY含有量を0%~3.5%とし、La含有量を0%~3.5%とし、Ce含有量を0%~3.5%としてもよい。さらに好ましくは、Y含有量、La含有量、Ce含有量に関して、それぞれ、下限を0.3%とし、上限を2.0%としてもよい。
[Ti(チタン):0%~0.5%]
[Cr(クロム):0%~0.5%]
Si、Ti、Crは、めっき層中に準結晶相を好ましく生成させるために、必要に応じて含有されてもよい。微量のSi、Ti、Crがめっき層に含有されると、準結晶相が生成しやすくなり、準結晶相の構造が安定化する。Siは、Mgと結合して微細Mg2Siを形成することによって、準結晶相の生成の起点(核)になると考えられる。また、Mgとの反応性が乏しいTi及びCrは、微細金属相となることによって、準結晶相の生成の起点(核)になると考えられる。準結晶相の生成は、一般に、製造時の冷却速度に影響を受ける。しかし、Si、Ti、Crがめっき層に含有されると、準結晶相の生成に対する冷却速度の依存性が小さくなる傾向にある。従って、めっき層のSi含有量を0%~0.5%とし、Ti含有量を0%~0.5%とし、Cr含有量を0%~0.5%としてもよい。更に好ましくは、Si含有量、Ti含有量、Cr含有量に関して、それぞれ、下限を0.005%とし、上限を0.1%としてもよい。
[Ni(ニッケル):0%~0.5%]
[V(バナジウム):0%~0.5%]
[Nb(ニオブ):0%~0.5%]
Co、Ni、V、Nbは、上述のSi、Ti、Crと同等の効果を有する元素である。上記効果を得るために、Co含有量を0%~0.5%とし、Ni含有量を0%~0.5%とし、V含有量を0%~0.5%とし、Nb含有量を0%~0.5%としてもよい。更に好ましくは、Co含有量、Ni含有量、V含有量、Nb含有量に関して、それぞれ、下限を0.05%とし、上限を0.1%としてもよい。ただし、これらの元素は、Si、Ti、Crと比較すると、耐食性を向上させる効果は小さい。
めっき層には、母材である鋼板から、鋼板を構成する元素が混入することがある。特に、溶融めっき法では、鋼板とめっき層との間での固液反応による元素の相互拡散によって、密着性が高まる。そのため、めっき層中には、一定量のFeが含まれる場合がある。例えば、めっき層全体の化学成分として、Feが2%前後含有される場合がある。しかし、めっき層へ拡散してきたFeは、鋼板とめっき層との界面付近でAlやZnと反応して、金属間化合物を生成することが多い。そのため、含有されたFeが、めっき層の耐食性や耐チッピング性に対して影響を与える可能性は、小さい。よって、めっき層のFe含有量を0%~2%としてもよい。同様に、めっき層へ拡散してきた鋼板を構成する元素(本実施形態で記述する元素以外で、鋼板からめっき層へ鉱散してきた元素)が、めっき層の耐食性に対して影響を与える可能性は小さい。
[Sn(スズ):0%~0.5%]
鋼板とめっき層との密着性を向上させるために、鋼板に対して、Ni、Cu、Sn等のプレめっきを施す場合がある。プレめっきを施された鋼板を使用して、準結晶含有めっき鋼板を製造した場合、めっき層中に、これらの元素が0.5%程度まで含有されることがある。プレめっきの成分であるNi、Cu、Snのうち、Cu、Snは、Niが有する上述した効果を有さない。しかし、0.5%程度のCu、Snがめっき層に含有されたとしても、準結晶の生成挙動やめっき層の耐食性や耐チッピング性に対して、Cu、Snが影響を与える可能性は小さい。従って、めっき層のCu含有量を0%~0.5%とし、Sn含有量を0%~0.5%としてもよい。更に好ましくは、Cu含有量、Sn含有量に関して、それぞれ、下限を0.005%とし、上限を0.4%としてもよい。
準結晶含有めっき鋼板の母材である鋼板として、近年、高張力鋼(高強度鋼)が使用されるようになってきた。高張力鋼を使用して準結晶含有めっき鋼板を製造した場合、高張力鋼に含まれるSi、Mn等の元素が、めっき層中に拡散することがある。Si、MnのうちMnは、Siが有する上述した効果を有さない。しかし、0.2%程度のMnがめっき層に含有されたとしても、準結晶の生成挙動やめっき層の耐食性や耐チッピング性に対して、Mnが影響を与える可能性は小さい。従って、めっき層のMn含有量を、0%~0.2%としてもよい。更に好ましくは、Mn含有量に関して、下限を0.005%とし、上限を0.1%としてもよい。
[Sb(アンチモン):0%~0.5%]
[Pb(鉛):0%~0.5%]
Sr、Sb、Pbは、めっき外観を向上させる元素であり、防眩性の向上に効果がある。この効果を得るために、めっき層のSr含有量を0%~0.5%とし、Sb含有量を0%~0.5%とし、Pb含有量を0%~0.5%としてもよい。Sr含有量、Sb含有量及びPb含有量が上記範囲である場合、耐食性や耐チッピング性への影響はほとんどない。更に好ましくは、Sr含有量、Sb含有量及びPb含有量に関して、それぞれ、下限を0.005%とし、上限を0.4%としてもよい。
上記のめっき層の化学成分は、ICP-AES(Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry)又はICP-MS(lnductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry)等の公知の分析手法を使用して、計測することが可能である。準結晶含有めっき鋼板を、インヒビターを加えた10%塩酸に対して1分程度浸潰し、めっき層部分を剥離し、このめっき層を溶解した溶液を準備する。得られた溶液を、ICP-AES又はICP-MS等によって分析して、めっき層の全体平均としての化学成分を得ることができる。
次に、本実施形態に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板のめっき組織構成について、詳細に説明する。
本発明に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板の有するめっき層は、互いに相違する組織からなる複数の層がめっき層の厚み方向に積層された、多層構造の複合層で構成されている。具体的には、本実施形態に係るめっき層は、鋼板側から順に、MgZn相、Mg相及び準結晶相を含有する組織からなる第1めっき層と、第1めっき層上に位置しており、Mg51Zn20相、Zn相及び準結晶相を含有する組織からなる第2めっき層と、を有している。また、かかる第2めっき層は、最大結晶粒径が円相当直径で1μm以下である組織から構成されていることが好ましい。
めっき層を構成する複数の層のうち、めっき層の最表層に位置する微細層(第2めっき層)1は、最大結晶粒径が相当円直径で1μm以下の組織である。かかる微細な組織で微細層1が構成されることで、本発明の特徴の一つである、後述のめっき層内亀裂伝播の制御効果(すなわち、耐チッピング性)が発現しない。すなわち、微細層1を構成する組織の結晶粒径を微細なものとすることによって、めっき層内部における亀裂の伝播を抑制することが可能となる。
めっき層を構成する複数の層のうち、めっき層の内部(鋼板側)、換言すれば第2めっき層である微細層1と鋼板との間に位置しており、めっき層の厚み方向に成長した化合物層(第1めっき層)2は、MgZn相、Mg相及び準結晶相を含有する組織から構成される。以下、代表的な化合物層の形態について、詳細に述べる。
続いて、本実施形態に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板が備える合金層である界面合金層について、詳細に説明する。
本実施形態においては、図1に示したように、微細層1及び化合物層2を備えるめっき層と母鋼板との界面に、Al-Fe金属間化合物からなる界面合金層3が形成される。
次に、本実施形態に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板が備えるめっき層における各種金属組織の確認方法を説明する。
めっき層の組織構成は、研磨試験片か、CP(Cross Section Polisher)加工、FIB(Focused lon Beam)加工、イオンミリングによるめっき層断面の組織を、光学顕微鏡、SEM、TEM等で観察し、各種の解析処理を実施することで、確認することができる。また、金属組織の結晶粒径は、1μm以上の組織であれば、SEM観察で測定することができるが、1μmより微細な組織及び準結晶相については、上記のように、TEM観察等により測定することができる。
以上説明したように、本発明に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板では、めっき層の構造を、めっき層の表面側(表層側)に位置する微細層1と、微細層1の更に母鋼板側に位置する化合物層2と、からなる複層構造としている。かかる複層構造のめっき層を設けることで、チッピングによる外圧によって発生しためっき層表面の亀裂が、めっき層と母鋼板との界面にまで到達しにくくなる。具体的には、外圧により、めっき層表面側に位置する相対的に硬質な微細層1は細かく破砕するが、生じた割れは、微細層1と化合物層2との界面に到達すると、かかる界面に沿って伝播する。つまり、めっき層表面に発生した割れは、相対的に軟質な化合物層2へは伝播せず、従って、めっき層と母鋼板との界面まで到達しない。そのため、割れの発生及び割れの伝播によって細かく破砕した微細層1が剥離したとしても、母鋼板との密着性に優れている化合物層2は剥離しにくく、母鋼板の露出を回避することができる。
次に、本発明に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法、特にめっき層の形成方法について、詳細に説明する。
次に、本実施形態に係る準結晶含有めっき鋼板が示す優れた耐食性及び耐チッピング性の評価方法について、簡単に説明する。
準結晶含有めっき鋼板の耐食性を評価するためには、実環境でのめっき層の耐食性を評価可能な暴露試験を行うことが最も好ましい。定期間中にめっき層の腐食減量を評価することで、耐食性の優劣を評価することが可能である。
準結晶含有めっき鋼板の耐チッピング性を評価するためには、例えば、グラベロ試験機を用い、めっき層の剥離面積を目視評価する方法を行うことが好ましい。試験条件は、適宜設定すればよいが、例えば、「グラベロ試験機を用いて、7号砕石100gを30cmの距離から3.0kg/cm2の空気圧で、-20℃に冷却しためっき層に対して90度の角度で衝突させる」等といった条件を採用すればよい。
また、各々のめっき層中に含有されるMgZnの面積率は、TEM電子線回折より、目的の相がMgZnであると同定したのちにSEM視野に置き換え、以下の方法により評価すればよい。すなわち、SEM視野から得られた画像を白黒画像へと2値化し、めっき層全体に対して、MgZn相の占める面積を、コンピュータ画像処理で算出するとよい。
めっき層の硬度の評価方法としては、10μm以上の厚みを有するめっき層を作製し、表面からのビッカース硬度を測定することが簡単である。ただし、この手法においては、ある程度のめっき厚みがないと、地鉄や、界面合金層、化合物層の硬度影響を受けやすいため、注意が必要である。めっき層にある程度の厚みがあれば、極表層のめっき層の硬度を測定することになる。めっき層硬度が高ければ、一般的に耐摩耗性に優れると判断できる。より好ましくは、めっき層の断面を採取し、ナノインデンター等で相ごとに硬さを評価することが好ましい。
めっき層の密着性を評価する際は、ボールインパクト試験後、凹凸部におけるテープ剥離によって評価することが一般的である。剥離量が少ないほど、密着性に優れている。その他に、V曲げ試験、T曲げ試験、エリクセン試験後、加工部におけるテープ剥離を評価しても、同様に密着性を評価することができる。
4 剥離面積が小さく、頻度も少ない
3 剥離面積は小さいが、頻度がやや多い
2 剥離面積は大きいが、頻度は少ない
1 剥離面積が大きく、頻度も多い
2 第1めっき層(化合物層)
3 合金層(界面合金層)
4 割れ(チッピング割れ)
Claims (11)
- 鋼板の少なくとも一方の表面に位置するめっき層と、
当該めっき層と前記鋼板との界面に位置しており、Al-Fe金属間化合物からなる合金層と、
を備え、
前記めっき層の化学成分が、原子%で、
Zn:28.5%~50%
Al:0.3%~12%
La:0%~3.5%
Ce:0%~3.5%
Y:0%~3.5%
Ca:0%~3.5%
Sr:0%~0.5%
Si:0%~0.5%
Ti:0%~0.5%
Cr:0%~0.5%
Fe:0%~2%
Co:0%~0.5%
Ni:0%~0.5%
V:0%~0.5%
Nb:0%~0.5%
Cu:0%~0.5%
Sn:0%~0.5%
Mn:0%~0.2%
Sb:0%~0.5%
Pb:0%~0.5%
を含有し、残部がMg及び不純物からなり、
前記めっき層は、前記鋼板側から順に、
MgZn相、Mg相及び準結晶相を含有する組織からなる第1めっき層と、
当該第1めっき層上に位置しており、Mg51Zn20相、Zn相及び準結晶相を含有する組織からなる第2めっき層と、
を有する、準結晶含有めっき鋼板。 - 前記めっき層の化学成分は、原子%で
Zn:32%~40%
Al:2%~5%
Ca:1%~2.5%
を含有し、残部がMg及び不純物からなり、
前記化学成分は、
Zn/Al=7.5~18
Ca/Al=0.4~1.1
を満足し、
前記第2めっき層の最大結晶粒径が、円相当直径で1μm以下である、請求項1に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。 - 板厚方向と切断方向とが平行となる断面で前記めっき層を見た場合に、
前記第1めっき層の前記MgZn相は、円相当直径が1μm以上の結晶粒で構成され、
前記第1めっき層の前記準結晶相は、前記板厚方向に沿って成長した組織で構成される、請求項1又は2に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。 - 板厚方向と切断方向とが平行となる断面で前記めっき層を見た場合に、
前記第2めっき層の前記最大結晶粒径が円相当直径で1μm以下である組織の面積は、前記第2めっき層全体の断面積に対して90%以上である、請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。 - 板厚方向と切断方向とが平行となる断面で前記めっき層を見た場合に、
前記第1めっき層の前記MgZn相の面積は、前記第1めっき層全体の断面積に対して10%~70%である、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。 - 前記第2めっき層は、Mg相を含有しない、請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
- 前記第2めっき層のビッカース硬さの平均値は、250~350Hvである、請求項1~6の何れか1項に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。
- 前記合金層は、前記Al-Fe金属間化合物として、Fe5Al2又はAl3.2Feの少なくとも何れかを含み、
前記合金層の厚みは、10nm~200nmである、請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板。 - 化学成分が、原子%で、
Zn:28.5%~50%
Al:0.3%~12%
La:0%~3.5%
Ce:0%~3.5%
Y:0%~3.5%
Ca:0%~3.5%
Sr:0%~0.5%
Si:0%~0.5%
Ti:0%~0.5%
Cr:0%~0.5%
Fe:0%~2%
Co:0%~0.5%
Ni:0%~0.5%
V:0%~0.5%
Nb:0%~0.5%
Cu:0%~0.5%
Sn:0%~0.5%
Mn:0%~0.2%
Sb:0%~0.5%
Pb:0%~0.5%
を含有し、残部がMg及び不純物からなる、溶融状態のめっき合金を、鋼板の少なくとも一方の表面に配設させるめっき工程と、
前記溶融状態のめっき合金を、平均冷却速度10℃/秒以下で330℃以下の温度範囲まで冷却して、前記鋼板の表面にめっき層を形成させる第1冷却工程と、
前記第1冷却工程後、前記めっき層を、昇温速度10~50℃/秒の速度範囲で350℃~400℃の温度範囲内に昇温するとともに、5~30秒間保持する昇温保持工程と、
前記昇温保持工程後、前記めっき層を20℃/秒以上の冷却速度で冷却する第2冷却工程と、
を含む、準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記めっき工程は、溶融めっき法によって実施され、
前記鋼板を溶融めっき浴から引き出した後に、連続して前記第1冷却工程を実施する、請求項9に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記溶融状態のめっき合金の化学成分は、原子%で
Zn:32%~40%
Al:2%~5%
Ca:1%~2.5%
を含有し、残部がMg及び不純物からなり、
前記化学成分は、
Zn/Al=7.5~18
Ca/Al=0.4~1.1
を満足する、請求項8~10の何れか1項に記載の準結晶含有めっき鋼板の製造方法。
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| KR101308168B1 (ko) * | 2011-05-27 | 2013-09-12 | 동부제철 주식회사 | 도금 조성물, 이를 이용한 도금 강재의 제조방법 및 도금 조성물이 코팅된 도금 강재 |
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- 2014-09-05 JP JP2016546272A patent/JP6455517B2/ja active Active
- 2014-09-05 CA CA2959289A patent/CA2959289C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-09-05 CN CN201480081739.8A patent/CN106605007B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-09-05 MX MX2017002714A patent/MX2017002714A/es unknown
- 2014-09-05 EP EP14901411.0A patent/EP3190203A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-09-05 BR BR112017004293A patent/BR112017004293A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-09-05 KR KR1020177008448A patent/KR101890078B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-09-05 US US15/508,664 patent/US10508330B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-09-05 WO PCT/JP2014/073494 patent/WO2016035200A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| WO2008111688A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-18 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Mg基合金めっき鋼材 |
| JP2011190507A (ja) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-29 | Nippon Steel Corp | 加工部耐食性に優れたMg系合金めっき鋼材 |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11236409B2 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2022-02-01 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Coated steel sheet |
| WO2018169084A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | めっき鋼板 |
| JP6394843B1 (ja) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-26 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | めっき鋼板 |
| JP6428975B1 (ja) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-11-28 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | めっき鋼板 |
| TWI666341B (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-07-21 | 日商新日鐵住金股份有限公司 | 鍍敷鋼板 |
| US10844463B2 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2020-11-24 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Coated steel sheet |
| WO2018169085A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | めっき鋼板 |
| JP2020534431A (ja) * | 2017-09-19 | 2020-11-26 | ティッセンクルップ スチール ヨーロッパ アクチェンゲゼルシャフトThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | 改善された表面外観を有する溶融被覆された鋼帯およびその製造方法 |
| US11655531B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2023-05-23 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Hot dip coated steel strip having an improved surface appearance and method for production thereof |
| JP7288898B2 (ja) | 2017-09-19 | 2023-06-08 | ティッセンクルップ スチール ヨーロッパ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 改善された表面外観を有する溶融被覆された鋼帯およびその製造方法 |
| JP2021530613A (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-11-11 | 佛山市▲順▼▲徳▼区美的▲電▼▲熱▼▲電▼器制造有限公司Foshan Shunde Midea Electrical Heating Appliances Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | コーティング、コーティングを形成する方法及びシステム、鍋並びに調理器具 |
| JP7148649B2 (ja) | 2018-07-27 | 2022-10-05 | 佛山市▲順▼▲徳▼区美的▲電▼▲熱▼▲電▼器制造有限公司 | コーティング、コーティングを形成する方法及びシステム、鍋並びに調理器具 |
| CN115444284A (zh) * | 2018-07-27 | 2022-12-09 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | 不粘涂层及其制备方法、锅具以及烹饪器具 |
| CN115444284B (zh) * | 2018-07-27 | 2024-09-17 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | 不粘涂层及其制备方法、锅具以及烹饪器具 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3190203A4 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
| MX2017002714A (es) | 2017-05-09 |
| CA2959289A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
| JP6455517B2 (ja) | 2019-01-23 |
| KR101890078B1 (ko) | 2018-08-20 |
| EP3190203A1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
| KR20170045332A (ko) | 2017-04-26 |
| CA2959289C (en) | 2018-05-22 |
| US20180171460A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
| US10508330B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 |
| CN106605007A (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
| CN106605007B (zh) | 2019-03-05 |
| JPWO2016035200A1 (ja) | 2017-06-01 |
| BR112017004293A2 (pt) | 2017-12-05 |
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