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WO2016033724A1 - 选取信道的方法及发送端 - Google Patents

选取信道的方法及发送端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016033724A1
WO2016033724A1 PCT/CN2014/085675 CN2014085675W WO2016033724A1 WO 2016033724 A1 WO2016033724 A1 WO 2016033724A1 CN 2014085675 W CN2014085675 W CN 2014085675W WO 2016033724 A1 WO2016033724 A1 WO 2016033724A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
channels
self
count value
physical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/085675
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李彦淳
李波
屈桥
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PCT/CN2014/085675 priority Critical patent/WO2016033724A1/zh
Priority to EP23199992.1A priority patent/EP4325919B1/en
Priority to ES14901323T priority patent/ES2745306T3/es
Priority to CN201911352306.2A priority patent/CN111132369B/zh
Priority to EP19165201.5A priority patent/EP3592020B1/en
Priority to EP14901323.7A priority patent/EP3182777B1/en
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN201480081660.5A priority patent/CN106605437B/zh
Publication of WO2016033724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016033724A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US15/446,871 priority patent/US10278182B2/en
Priority to US16/173,878 priority patent/US10925057B2/en
Priority to US17/150,822 priority patent/US11533725B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/04Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10Dynamic resource partitioning
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/005Routing actions in the presence of nodes in sleep or doze mode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H04W72/563Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the wireless resources
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a transmitting end for selecting a channel. Background technique
  • Wireless Fidelity (English: Wireless Fidelity, referred to as WiFi) system can work on multiple channels
  • Subchannel scenario For a multi-channel scenario, a channel selection method for maintaining multiple backoff counters on multiple channels has been proposed.
  • the system has a total of N channels, each channel corresponding to a backoff counter.
  • STA station
  • AP Access Point
  • the STA or AP will Perform the following procedure to select the channel for data transmission: randomly generate the backoff count value of the backoff counter on each channel, and simultaneously perform carrier sense multiple access (English: Carrier Sense Multiple Access, CSMA for short) on each channel.
  • carrier sense multiple access English: Carrier Sense Multiple Access, CSMA for short
  • the channel When the backoff count value of a certain idle channel is reduced to 0, the channel is preempted; whether the preempted channel satisfies the bandwidth requirement, if it is satisfied, the backoff is terminated; if not, the presence or absence is judged.
  • the optional idle channel if present, adjusts the backoff count value of the backoff counter on the idle channel, and continues to perform CSMA access simultaneously on each idle channel; if not, the backoff ends.
  • a method for selecting a channel and a transmitting end are provided, which can improve channel utilization.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for selecting a channel, including:
  • the determining, by the step, the self-reduction of the backoff count value includes:
  • the self-reduction step is subtracted from the result of the self-reduction according to the busy state of the previous channel of the channel, and the obtained value is used as the updated location. Determining the count value; when the channel is busy, the self-decreasing result of the busy state according to the previous channel of the channel is the updated backoff count value, and the self-reduction step is greater than Equal to 1.
  • the method further includes:
  • the self-decrementing step size of the current time slot is determined.
  • the determining the self-reduction step of the current time slot includes:
  • the channel used by the sending end to send data in the multiple channels includes:
  • the next idle channel of the channel with the backoff count value of 0 is used as a reference channel, and ml idle channels before the reference channel, the reference channel, and the reference channel are followed according to a sort order of the channels.
  • Nl idle channels are determined as channel candidate sets, and p channels are selected from the channel candidate set as channels used by the transmitting end to transmit data; ml ⁇ O, nl ⁇ O, and ml, nl are integers , ml+nl ⁇ pl , p is the number of channels required by the transmitting end.
  • the generating the backoff count value including: randomly generating the backoff count value; or
  • the value of the contention window is determined according to the number of channels required by the transmitting end and the system load, and the back-off count value is randomly generated within the value range of the contention window.
  • the method further includes: Determining a correspondence between the channel and an associated channel;
  • the associated channel When the channel is a physical channel, the associated channel is a logical channel; or when the channel is a logical channel, the associated channel is a physical channel.
  • determining a correspondence between the physical channel and the logical channel includes:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a sending end, including: a sorting unit, a generating unit, a self-decreasing unit, and a selecting unit, where
  • the sorting unit is configured to sort multiple channels
  • the generating unit is configured to generate a backoff count value
  • the self-subtracting unit is configured to start, according to an order from the initial time slot, the sorting order of the channels according to the sorting unit, and sequentially perform the backoff according to a busy state of each of the channels.
  • the count value is self-decreasing until the back-off count value is 0;
  • the selecting unit is configured to select, according to a result of the self-decreasing unit self-decreasing the back-off count value and a busy state of at least one of the multiple channels, select a sending end to send data in the multiple channels.
  • the self-subtracting unit is specifically configured to:, for each of the channels, when the channel is idle, in a previous channel according to the channel The busy state is subtracted from the subtracted step by the self-decreasing result, and the obtained value is used as the updated backoff count value; when the channel is busy, the previous channel according to the channel is used The result of the self-reduction of the busy state is the updated backoff count value, and the self-reduction step is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the self-subtracting unit is further configured to: in each time slot, Determine the self-reduction step size of the current time slot.
  • the self-subtracting unit is specifically configured to:
  • the selecting unit is specifically configured to:
  • the next idle channel of the channel with the backoff count value of 0 is used as a reference channel, and ml idle channels before the reference channel, the reference channel, and the reference channel are followed according to a sort order of the channels.
  • Nl idle channels are determined as channel candidate sets, and p channels are selected from the channel candidate set as channels used by the transmitting end to transmit data; ml ⁇ O, nl ⁇ O, and ml, nl are integers , ml+nl ⁇ pl , p is the number of channels required by the transmitting end.
  • the generating unit is specifically configured to:
  • the value of the contention window is determined according to the number of channels required by the transmitting end and the system load, and the back-off count value is randomly generated within the value range of the contention window.
  • the sending end further includes: a determining unit, configured to: Determining a correspondence between the channel and the associated channel; wherein, when the channel is a physical channel, the associated channel is a logical channel; or, when the channel is a logical channel, the associated channel is a physical channel.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • a plurality of channels are sorted, and a backoff count value is generated; starting from an initial time slot, in each time slot, according to a sort order of the channels, and according to the busyness of each of the channels.
  • the idle state sequentially decrements the backoff count value until the backoff count value is 0; according to the result of self-decreasing the backoff count value and the busy state of at least one of the plurality of channels, Among the plurality of channels, a channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data is selected.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a channel selection process of a multi-channel in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for selecting a channel according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for selecting a channel according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of an implementation method of step 401 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of another implementation method of step 401 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a transmitting end according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a transmitting end of the present invention.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. . All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the inventive work should fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the communication system using CSMA technology may be a wireless local area network (English: Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN) using CSMA technology using an unlicensed band (English: Unlicensed band).
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Networks
  • unlicensed band English: Unlicensed band.
  • Wireless Fidelity English: Wireless Fidelity, referred to as WiFi
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • UDD Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • the access point (English: Access Point, AP for short) referred to in the present invention may be a WLAN AP using an unlicensed spectrum, or a base station using an unlicensed spectrum or a licensed spectrum.
  • the WLAN may be wireless fidelity (English: Wireless Fidelity, referred to as WiFi), or may be global interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and the present invention is not limited.
  • the base station using the unlicensed spectrum or the licensed spectrum may be a base station in GSM or CDMA (English: Base Transceiver Station, BTS for short), or may be a base station in WCDMA (English: NodeB), or may be an eNB in LTE. Or e-NodeB, the invention is not limited.
  • the site (English: station, referred to as STA) can be connected to the Internet through the AP.
  • the site can be a device with functions such as signal acquisition, data processing, or wireless communication.
  • the site may be a fixed terminal or a mobile terminal (e.g., a mobile phone, a computer with a mobile terminal, etc.).
  • the channel selection process has a long backoff time and a low channel utilization rate.
  • Figure 1 there is shown a schematic diagram of an example of a backoff procedure involving multiple channels and multiple backoff counters. Among them, it is assumed that the STA has data transmission, and the bandwidth requirement is 3 channels. Four backoff counters are maintained on four channel channels one, two on channel two, three on channel three, and four on channel four, and the backoff counter values of the backoff counter are 3, 3, 2, and 2, respectively.
  • the backoff count value of the three idle channels is reduced by two.
  • the backoff count value of the channel one or two It also decreases to 0, and satisfies the bandwidth requirement of the STA.
  • the STA transmits data on channel 1, channel 2, and channel 3.
  • the STA occupies channel 3, in which 3 backoff counters are only decremented by 2 on 3 idle channels, and the time slot is backed off.
  • the total decrement value of the count value ⁇ channel idle number therefore, the backoff time of the channel selection process is long, and the channel utilization rate is low.
  • an application scenario example of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a transmitting end 210 of a data and a receiving end 220, and the transmitting end 210 and the receiving end 220 carry data through a channel.
  • the method for selecting a channel in the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the transmitting end 210, so that when the transmitting end 210 has data to be sent to the receiving end 220, the channel carrying the data is selected.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to a system in which a node needs to randomly access a channel when transmitting data, such as the WiFi system or the LTE-U system mentioned above.
  • the channel that the transmitting end 210 needs to select is the uplink channel.
  • the channel that the transmitting end 210 needs to select is the downlink channel.
  • the transmitting end 210 may be a station STA
  • the receiving end 220 may be an access point of an AP or a basic service set (BSS), and the channel selected by the transmitting end 210.
  • BSS basic service set
  • the transmitting end 210 can be an access point of an AP or a BSS, and the receiving end 220 can be an STA, and the channel that the transmitting end 210 needs to select is a downlink channel.
  • FIG. 3 it is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for selecting a channel according to the present invention. The embodiment is described from the transmitting end side of the data:
  • Step 301 Sort a plurality of channels, and generate a backoff count value.
  • the channel in the embodiment of the present invention is an uplink channel, and the channel in the embodiment of the present invention is a downlink channel, when the transmitting end sends the uplink data.
  • the channel in the embodiment of the present invention may be a physical channel or a logical channel. In a case where the correspondence between the physical channel and the logical channel is constant, the channel is used. There is no impact on the processing results of the embodiments of the present invention for physical channels or logical channels.
  • Step 302 Starting from an initial time slot, in each time slot, according to a sort order of the channels, and sequentially decrementing the backoff count value according to a busy state of each of the channels, until the backoff The count value is 0.
  • the initial time slot refers to the first time slot in which the transmitting end performs the step 302, that is, the time slot in which the transmitting end starts to perform the self-reduction of the backoff count value.
  • the determination of the initial time slot and the transmitting end determine when to start channel selection, The access channel is related, and the specific determination method is not described here.
  • Step 303 Select, according to a result of self-decreasing the backoff count value and a busy state of at least one of the plurality of channels, a channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data.
  • the method may further include: determining a correspondence between the channel and the associated channel; wherein, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the channel is a physical channel, the associated channel is a logical channel; or, the channel is In the case of a logical channel, the associated channel is a physical channel.
  • the order of execution between this step and step 301, step 302, and step 303 is not limited.
  • the multiple channels are sorted and a backoff count value is generated, starting from the initial time slot, in each time slot, according to the sort order of the channels, and according to the busy state of each of the channels.
  • De-decreasing the back-off count value until the back-off count value is 0, according to a result of self-decreasing the back-off count value and a busy state of at least one of the plurality of channels, in the plurality of In the channel the channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data is selected, so that in the process of selecting the channel, all channels use a backoff count value together, and the backoff count value is self-decreasing according to the busy state of each channel, so that each time slot is made.
  • the total decrement value of the backoff count value is greater than or equal to the channel idle number, which speeds up the self-reduction of the backoff count value to 0, shortens the backoff time in the channel selection process, and improves the channel utilization rate.
  • Step 401 A transmitting end determines a correspondence between a channel and an associated channel.
  • the channel in the step 401 may be a physical channel, and the associated channel may be a logical channel.
  • the channel may be a logical channel, and the associated channel may be a physical channel. Therefore, the step 401 is substantially determined by the transmitting end. The correspondence between the physical channel and the logical channel.
  • the physical channel involved in the step 401 may be all or part of all the physical channels that the transmitting end can hear, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the logical channel involved in the step 401 may be all or part of all logical channels between the transmitting end and the receiving end, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the step 401 may include:
  • the transmitting end determines the correspondence between the physical channel and the logical channel according to the frequency of the physical channel and the logical channel, so that when the physical channels are sorted according to the frequency, the logical channels corresponding to the physical channels are also sorted according to the same frequency.
  • the number of physical channels and logical channels is 15, respectively, and 15 physical channels are numbered from high to low in order of physical channel 1 to physical channel 15, respectively, and logical channels are in order of frequency from high to low.
  • the numbers are logical channel 1 to logical channel 15, respectively, and the correspondence between the physical channel and the logical channel can be determined as follows: physical channel 1 corresponds to logical channel 1, physical channel 2 corresponds to logical channel 2, and so on, until physical channel 15 Corresponding logical channel 15, as shown in the first column and the second column in Table 1 below.
  • the probability of channel usage conflict between adjacent BSSs may be caused on the partial channel. Higher.
  • the access point of BSS 1 is access point 1
  • the access point of BSS2 is access point 2
  • the access point of BSS3 is access point 3
  • the self-reduction step is If the initial time slot, the physical channel is sorted, and the correspondence between the physical channel and the logical channel are the same, if the backoff random number of the access point 1 and the access point 3 are the same, then the access point 1 and the access point 3 are obtained.
  • the reference channels are necessarily the same.
  • the channel used for the transmission data selected by the access point 1 and the access point 3 is also used. It will be the same, causing access point 1 and access point 3 to transmit data on the same channel, resulting in channel usage conflicts between BSS1 and BSS3.
  • the self-decreasing step size is 1, the initial time slot is the same, the back-off random number of access point 1 is 5, the back-off random number of access point 2 is 4, and the back-off random number of access point 3 is 5.
  • the reference channels obtained by access point 1 and access point 3 are all physical channel 5 (logical channel 5), and if access point 1 and access point 3 select the same channel for transmitting data according to the reference channel, then Access point 1 and access point 3 will select the same channel to transmit data, causing access point 1 and access point 3 to transmit data on the same channel, resulting in channel usage conflicts between BSS1 and BSS3.
  • Access point 1 access point 2 access point 3
  • the following embodiments of the present invention provide the following second and third possible implementation manners to reduce the probability of channel usage conflict between BSSs.
  • the second and third possible implementation manners are to reduce the probability of channel usage conflict between BSSs when the channel is a logical channel, that is, the transmitting end directly selects a logical channel for transmitting data.
  • the second and third possible implementations are also applicable to the case where the channel is a physical channel, that is, the transmitting end directly selects a physical channel that transmits data.
  • the step 401 may include:
  • the transmitting end randomly determines the correspondence between the physical channel and the logical channel.
  • the step 401 may include:
  • nodes under the same BSS such as STAs, APs, access points, and the like, may use the same offset random number, and nodes under different BSSs may be used.
  • Different offset random numbers that is, offset random numbers are associated with BSS, and different BSSs correspond to different offset random numbers. In this way, the channel usage collision probability between adjacent BSSs can be reduced.
  • the backoff random number of access point 1 is 5, and the backoff randomness of access point 2 is The number is 4, the backoff random number of access point 3 is 5, and the logical channel is traversed in the order of logical channels 0 ⁇ 15 in each time slot to perform self-decreasing of the backoff random number. Then, the reference obtained by access point 1 and access point 3 is obtained.
  • the channel is the logical channel 5, and the reference channel obtained by the access point 2 is the logical channel 4.
  • the physical channel corresponding to the logical channel 5 in the access point 1 is the physical channel 10
  • the logical channel in the access point 2 4 The corresponding physical channel is the physical channel 12
  • the physical channel corresponding to the logical channel 5 in the access point 3 is the physical channel 1, and the physical channels used by the three access points are all different, thereby reducing the probability of channel use conflict between adjacent BSSs.
  • Step 402 The sender sorts the channels.
  • the sending end may perform the sorting of the channels in the order of the frequency of the channel, or may perform the sorting of the channels in a random manner, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step 403 The sending end generates a backoff count value.
  • the sending end may randomly generate the backoff random number.
  • the transmitting end may determine the value of the contention window according to the number of channels required by the transmitting end and the system load, and randomly generate the backoff count value within a value range of the contention window.
  • the standard value A is the same, for the two transmitting ends having different required channel numbers, the value of the contention window corresponding to the transmitting end requiring a small number of channels is small, and the contention window corresponding to the transmitting end having a large number of channels is required.
  • the value is large, so that when the backoff count value is randomly generated within the value range of the contention window, the backoff count value generated by the sender that requires a small number of channels is greater than the backoff count value generated by the sender that requires more channels. Therefore, the probability that the sender having a small number of channels needs to preferentially access the channel is higher.
  • step 401 to step 403 The order of execution between the three steps of step 401 to step 403 is not limited.
  • Step 404 The transmitting end starts from the initial time slot, and in each time slot, according to the sorting order of the channels, and sequentially decrements the backoff count value according to the busy state of each of the channels, until the The backoff count value is 0.
  • the next idle channel of the channel with the backoff count value of 0 is referred to as a reference channel in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the self-reduction of the backoff count value may include:
  • the self-decreasing step is subtracted from the result of the self-decreasing according to the busy state of the previous channel of the channel, and the obtained value is used as the updated back-off count value;
  • the result of the self-reduction according to the busy state of the previous channel of the channel is the updated backoff count value, and the self-reduction step is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the self-reducing step size may be any natural number, and the specific value is not limited in the present invention.
  • the specific value of the self-decreasing step size can be preset to the transmitting end.
  • the self-reduction of the backoff count value may include:
  • the self-decreasing step is subtracted from the result of the self-reduction according to the busy state of the previous channel of the channel, and the obtained value is used as the updated backoff.
  • Counting value when the channel is busy, the result of the self-reduction according to the busy state of the previous channel of the channel is the updated backoff count value, and the self-reduction step is greater than or equal to 1 .
  • the determining the self-reduction step of the current time slot may include: Determine the self-reduction step size to be 1; or,
  • the busy and idle state of each channel can be continuously monitored by the transmitting end, and the specific listening method is not described in detail in the present invention.
  • this step 404 can be implemented by the method shown in FIG. 5A:
  • Step 511 In the current time slot, the transmitting end determines whether the current channel is idle; if idle, the backoff count value is decreased by 1. If not idle (busy), the backoff count value does not change.
  • the initial value of the current time slot is an initial time slot
  • the initial value of the current channel is a channel with a sequence order of 1 in the sort order of the channel.
  • Step 512 The sender determines whether the backoff count value is 0. If it is 0, the sender determines the next channel of the current channel as the reference channel, and the process ends. If not, the process proceeds to step 513.
  • Step 513 The sending end determines, according to the sorting order of the channel, whether the current channel is the last channel. If it is the last channel, the next time slot of the current time slot is used as the current time slot, and the first channel is used according to the sorting order of the channels. The current channel is transferred to step 511; if it is not the last channel, the next channel of the current channel is taken as the current channel according to the sort order of the channels, and the process proceeds to step 511.
  • the channel is first traversed according to the order of the channels in the initial time slot, and if the backoff count value is not reduced to 0 after the channel is traversed, the channel continues in the next time slot of the initial time slot.
  • the sort order traverses the channel, and so on, until the evasive count value is decremented by one in a certain time slot, and the value is 0 to obtain the reference channel.
  • the backoff count value in each time slot, if the traversed channel is busy green, the backoff count value remains unchanged, and if the traversed channel is idle, the backoff count value is decremented by one; in the self-decimation process, if in a certain time slot When traversing to a certain idle channel, the value of the backoff count value minus 1 is 0, and the next idle channel of the idle channel is the reference channel.
  • the number of physical channels is 16 and is numbered according to the frequency from low to high: physical channel 0 to physical channel 15; the initial time slot is time slot 0, and the time slots after time slot 0 are: time slot 1, 2, 3 ⁇ ;
  • the backoff random number is 48; the busy state of each physical channel in each time slot is as shown in Table 1, wherein, in order to explain the convenience of the backoff counter self-decrement process, if the physical channel is in the corresponding time slot Busy, the table is marked with "busy", if The physical channel is idle in the corresponding time slot, indicated by an ordered number starting from zero.
  • the backoff count value will be reduced to 32; after that, in the slot 1, the physical channel 0 to the physical channel 15 are traversed in the order of the physical channel 0 to the physical channel 15, since the physical channel 0 to the physical channel 15 are in the slot 1 The internal idle state, therefore, the backoff count value will be reduced to 16; thereafter, in slot 2, physical channel 0 to physical channel 15 are traversed in the order of physical channel 0 to physical channel 15, due to physical channel 4 and physical channel 5 is busy in slot 2, other physical channels are idle in slot 2, therefore, the backoff count value is reduced to 2; then, in slot 3, in the order of physical channel 0 to physical channel 15. Traversing physical channel 0 to physical channel 15, when traversing the physical channel to physical channel 1, the backoff count value is reduced to 0, and the next idle physical
  • Step 522 In the current time slot, the transmitting end determines whether the current channel is idle. If idle, the backoff count value is updated by using the value obtained by subtracting the self-reduction step of the current time slot from the backoff count value, if not idle (busy), backing off The count value does not change.
  • the initial value of the current time slot is an initial time slot
  • the initial value of the current channel is a channel with a sequence order of 1 in the sort order of the channel.
  • Step 523 The sending end determines whether the backoff count value is 0; if 0, determines the next channel of the current channel as the reference channel, and the process ends; if not, executes step 524.
  • Step 524 The transmitting end determines whether the current channel is the last channel according to the sorting order of the channel. If it is the last channel, the next time slot of the current time slot is used as the current time slot, and the first channel is used according to the sorting order of the channels. The current channel is transferred to step 521; if it is not the last channel, the next channel of the current channel is taken as the current channel according to the sort order of the channels, and the flow proceeds to step 522.
  • the self-reduction step size of each time slot is 1, and in the method shown in FIG. 5B, the self-decrement step size of each time slot is based on time.
  • the number of idle channels in the slot is determined by the number of channels required at the transmitting end.
  • the self-reduction step size of each time slot in the method shown in FIG. 5B may be a value of 1 or greater, thereby performing the self-decreasing time of the back-off count value using the method shown in FIG. 5B.
  • the backoff count value is relatively faster to be decremented to 0, and the backoff time in the channel selection process is shorter, further improving channel utilization.
  • the number of physical channels is 16 and is numbered according to the frequency from low to high: physical channel 0 to physical channel 15; the number of channels required by the transmitting end is 4; the initial time slot is time slot 0, after time slot 0
  • the time slots are as follows: time slots 1, 2, 3 ⁇ ; the backoff random number is 48; the busy state of each physical channel in each time slot is as shown in Table 2, if the physical channel is busy in the corresponding time slot, The table is marked as "busy”, if the physical channel is idle in the corresponding time slot, the table is marked with "idle".
  • the physical channel 0 to the physical channel 15 are traversed. Since 8 physical channels are idle in slot 0, the backoff count value is reduced to 32. After that, there are 8 free physical channels in slot 1, so
  • the self-decreasing step of the slot 0 is also 2, and in the slot 1, the physical channel 0 to the physical channel 15 are traversed in the order of the physical channel 0 to the physical channel 15, since 8 physical channels are idle in the slot 1. Therefore, the backoff count value will be reduced to 16; after that, slot 2 is idle.
  • physical channel 0 to physical channel 15 are traversed in the order of physical channel 0 to physical channel 15, when traversing the physical channel to On physical channel 7, the backoff count value is reduced to zero, and the next idle physical channel of physical channel 7, physical channel 8, will be used as the reference channel.
  • Step 405 The transmitting end selects, according to a result of self-decreasing the back-off count value and a busy state of at least one of the plurality of channels, a channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data.
  • the step 405 can include:
  • the next idle channel of the channel with the backoff count value of 0 is used as the reference channel, and the ml idle channels before the reference channel, the reference channel, and the nl idle channels after the reference channel are determined as channel preparation according to the order of the channels.
  • p channels when p channels are selected from the channel candidate set, they may be randomly selected, or may be preferentially selected.
  • the channel of good quality is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the logical channels are sorted in the order of logical channels 0 ⁇ 15, and the reference channel obtained in the final step 404 is logical channel 8, then, logical channel 5 ⁇ 7, logical Channels 9 ⁇ 11 are idle in the current time slot. Then, one logical channel can be randomly selected in logical channels 5 ⁇ 11 as the channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data, or can be selected in logical channels 5 ⁇ 11. The logical channel with the best channel quality serves as the channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data.
  • this step 405 can include:
  • the next idle channel of the channel with the backoff count value of 0 is used as the reference channel, and the m2 idle channels before the reference channel, the reference channel, and the n 2 idle channels after the reference channel are determined to be transmitted according to the order of the channels.
  • the channel used by the terminal to transmit data; m2 0, n2 ⁇ 0, and m2, n2 are integers, m2+n2 pl.
  • logical channels 7 and logical channel 9 are assumed. In the current time slot is idle state, then logical channels 7 ⁇ 9 can be selected as the channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data.
  • the present invention in the process of selecting a channel, all channels jointly use a backoff count value, and the backoff count value is self-decreasing according to the busy state of each channel, so that the total decrement value of the backoff count value in each time slot is obtained.
  • the channel idle number is greater than or equal to the speed of the backoff count value to 0, which shortens the backoff time in the channel selection process and improves the channel utilization rate.
  • the present invention also provides an embodiment of the transmitting end.
  • a block diagram of an embodiment of the transmitting end of the present invention includes: a sorting unit 610, a generating unit 620, a self-decreasing unit 630, and a selecting unit 640, where
  • the sorting unit 610 is configured to sort multiple channels
  • the generating unit 620 is configured to generate a backoff count value
  • the self-subtracting unit 630 is configured to, according to an initial time slot, perform a sorting order of the channels according to the sorting unit in each time slot, and sequentially perform the backoff according to a busy state of each of the channels.
  • the count value is self-decreasing until the back-off count value is 0;
  • the selecting unit 640 is configured to select, according to a result of the self-decreasing unit 630 self-decreasing the back-off count value and a busy state of at least one of the multiple channels, selecting a sending end among the multiple channels send data The channel used.
  • the self-subtracting unit 630 is specifically configured to:
  • the self-reduction step is subtracted from the result of the self-reduction according to the busy state of the previous channel of the channel, and the obtained value is used as the updated location. Determining the count value; when the channel is busy, the self-decreasing result of the busy state according to the previous channel of the channel is the updated backoff count value, and the self-reduction step is greater than Equal to 1.
  • the self-subtracting unit 630 is further configured to: determine, in each time slot, a self-decreasing step size of the current time slot.
  • the self-subtracting unit 630 is specifically configured to:
  • the selecting unit 640 is specifically configured to:
  • the next idle channel of the channel with the backoff count value of 0 is used as a reference channel, and ml idle channels before the reference channel, the reference channel, and the reference channel are followed according to a sort order of the channels.
  • Nl idle channels are determined as channel candidate sets, and p channels are selected from the channel candidate set as channels used by the transmitting end to transmit data; ml ⁇ O, nl ⁇ O, and ml, nl are integers , ml+nl ⁇ pl , p is the number of channels required by the transmitting end.
  • the generating unit 620 is specifically configured to:
  • the value of the contention window is determined according to the number of channels required by the transmitting end and the system load, and the back-off count value is randomly generated within the value range of the contention window.
  • the sending end may further include: a determining unit, configured to determine a correspondence between the channel and an associated channel; where, when the channel is a physical channel, the associated channel is a logical channel; or When the channel is a logical channel, the associated channel is a physical channel.
  • a determining unit configured to determine a correspondence between the channel and an associated channel; where, when the channel is a physical channel, the associated channel is a logical channel; or When the channel is a logical channel, the associated channel is a physical channel.
  • the determining unit may be specifically configured to:
  • the transmitting end 700 includes: a processor 710, a memory 720, a transceiver 730, and a bus 740. ;
  • the processor 710, the memory 720, and the transceiver 730 are connected to each other through a bus 740; the bus 740 can be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 7, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the memory 720 is used to store the program.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the memory 720 may include a high speed RAM memory and may also include a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory.
  • the transceiver 730 is used to connect to other devices and to communicate with other devices.
  • the processor 710 executes the program code for ordering a plurality of channels, and generating a backoff count value; starting from an initial time slot, following a sort order of the channels, and according to busy of each of the channels.
  • the idle state sequentially decrements the backoff count value until the backoff count value is 0; according to the result of self-decreasing the backoff count value and the busy state of at least one of the plurality of channels, Among the plurality of channels, a channel used by the transmitting end to transmit data is selected.
  • processor 710 is specifically configured to:
  • the self-reduction step is subtracted from the result of the self-reduction according to the busy state of the previous channel of the channel, and the obtained value is used as the updated location. Determining the count value; when the channel is busy, the self-decreasing result of the busy state according to the previous channel of the channel is the updated backoff count value, and the self-reduction step is greater than Equal to 1.
  • the processor 710 is further configured to: determine, in each time slot, a self-decrementing step size of the current time slot.
  • the processor 710 is specifically configured to:
  • the next idle channel of the channel with the backoff count value of 0 is used as a reference channel, and ml idle channels before the reference channel, the reference channel, and the reference channel are followed according to a sort order of the channels.
  • Nl idle channels are determined as channel candidate sets, and p channels are selected from the channel candidate set as channels used by the transmitting end to transmit data; ml ⁇ O, nl ⁇ O, and ml, nl are integers , ml+nl ⁇ pl , p is the number of channels required by the transmitting end.
  • processor 710 is specifically configured to:
  • the value of the contention window is determined according to the number of channels required by the transmitting end and the system load, and the back-off count value is randomly generated within the value range of the contention window.
  • processor 710 is further configured to:
  • the associated channel When the channel is a physical channel, the associated channel is a logical channel; or when the channel is a logical channel, the associated channel is a physical channel.
  • processor 710 is specifically configured to:
  • all channels jointly use a backoff count value, and the backoff count value is self-decreasing according to the busy state of each channel, so that the total decrement value of the backoff count value in each time slot is obtained.
  • the channel idle number is greater than or equal to the speed of the backoff count value to 0, which shortens the backoff time in the channel selection process and improves the channel utilization rate.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by means of software and necessary general hardware including general-purpose integrated circuits, general-purpose CPUs, general-purpose memories, and general-purpose Components and the like can of course be implemented by dedicated hardware including an application specific integrated circuit, a dedicated CPU, a dedicated memory, a dedicated component, etc., but in many cases the former is a better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a readable storage medium, such as a USB flash drive.
  • a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) performs the methods of various embodiments of the present invention.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种选取信道的方法及发送端,方法包括:对多个信道进行排序,并且,生成退避计数值;从初始时隙开始,在每个时隙内,按照所述信道的排序顺序,并且根据每个所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自减,直到所述退避计数值为0;根据对所述退避计数值进行自减的结果以及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状态,在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道。该方法和发送端能够提高信道利用率。

Description

选取信道的方法及发送端
技术领域 本发明涉及通信技术领域, 特别涉及选取信道的方法及发送端。 背景技术
无线保真 (英文: Wireless Fidelity, 简称: WiFi) 系统可以工作在多个信道
/子信道的场景下。针对多信道的场景, 目前提出了一种在多个信道上维持多个退 避计数器的信道选取方法。假设系统总共有 N个信道, 每个信道对应一个退避计 数器, 当站点 (英文: station, 简称: STA) 或接入点 (英文: Access Point, 简 称: AP)有数据发送时, STA或 AP将执行以下过程以选取进行数据发送的信道: 随机产生各个信道上的退避计数器的退避计数值, 并在各个信道上同时进行载波 监听多路访问 (英文: Carrier Sense Multiple Access, 简称: CSMA,) 接入; 当 某个空闲信道的退避计数值减为 0时, 对该信道进行抢占; 判断已抢占的信道是 否满足带宽需求, 如果满足, 退避 (英文: Backoff) 结束; 如果不满足, 判断是 否存在可选的空闲信道, 如果存在, 调整空闲信道上退避计数器的退避计数值, 继续在各个空闲信道上同时进行 CSMA接入; 如果不存在, 退避结束。
但是, 发明人发现这种信道选取方法所需的退避时间长, 从而导致信道利用 率低。 发明内容 本发明实施例中提供了一种选取信道的方法及发送端, 能够提高信道利用 率。
为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明实施例公开了如下技术方案:
第一方面, 本发明实施例提供一种选取信道的方法, 包括:
对多个信道进行排序, 并且, 生成退避计数值;
从初始时隙开始, 在每个时隙内, 按照所述信道的排序顺序, 并且根据每个所述 信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自减, 直到所述退避计数值为 0;
根据对所述退避计数值进行自减的结果以及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状 态, 在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道。 结合第一方面, 在第一方面第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述依次对所述退避计数 值进行自减, 包括:
对于每个所述信道, 当所述信道空闲时, 在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状 态进行自减后的结果上减去自减步长, 以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计数值; 当 所述信道忙碌时,以所述根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自减后的结果为 更新后的所述退避计数值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
结合第一方面, 和 /或第一方面第一种可能的实现方式, 在第一方面第二种可能 的实现方式中, 所述方法还包括:
在所述每个时隙内, 确定当前时隙的自减步长。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式, 在第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中, 所 述确定当前时隙的自减步长, 包括:
根据以下公式确定所述自减步长: 自减步长=当前时隙内空闲信道数 div所述发 送端需要的信道数。
结合第一方面, 和 /或第一方面第一种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第二种可 能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第三种可能的实现方式, 在第一方面第四种可能的实 现方式中, 在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道包括:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照所述信 道的排序顺序将所述参考信道之前的 ml个空闲信道、所述参考信道以及所述参考信 道之后的 nl个空闲信道确定为信道备选集合, 从所述信道备选集合中选择 p个信道 作为所述发送端发送数据所使用的信道; ml ^O, nl ^O,且 ml、 nl均为整数, ml+nl ^p-l , p为所述发送端需要的信道数。
结合第一方面, 和 /或第一方面第一种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第二种可 能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第三种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第四种可能的 实现方式, 在第一方面第五种可能的实现方式中, 所述生成退避计数值, 包括: 随机生成所述退避计数值; 或者,
根据所述发送端需要的信道数以及系统负载确定竞争窗的数值,在所述竞争窗的 数值范围内随机生成所述退避计数值。
结合第一方面, 和 /或第一方面第一种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第二种可 能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第三种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第四种可能的 实现方式, 和 /或第一方面第五种可能的实现方式, 在第一方面第六种可能的实现方 式中, 所述方法还包括: 确定所述信道与关联信道之间的对应关系;
其中, 所述信道为物理信道时, 所述关联信道为逻辑信道; 或者, 所述信道为逻 辑信道时, 所述关联信道为物理信道。
结合第一方面第六种可能的实现方式, 在第一方面第七种可能的实现方式中, 确 定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系, 包括:
随机确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系; 或者,
根据物理信道与逻辑信道的频率确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系,使得 物理信道按照频率高低排序时,物理信道对应的逻辑信道也按照同样的频率高低顺序 排序; 或者,
将物理信道与逻辑信道均按照同样的频率顺序编号,按照以下编号关系确定物理 信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系: 逻辑信道编号 = (物理信道编号 +偏移随机数) mod 物理信道总数。
第二方面, 本发明实施例提供一种发送端, 包括: 排序单元、 生成单元、 自减单 元以及选取单元, 其中,
所述排序单元, 用于对多个信道进行排序;
所述生成单元, 用于生成退避计数值;
所述自减单元, 用于从初始时隙开始, 在每个时隙内, 按照所述排序单元对所述 信道的排序顺序, 并且根据每个所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自 减, 直到所述退避计数值为 0;
所述选取单元,用于根据所述自减单元对所述退避计数值进行自减的结果以及所 述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状态,在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据所使用的 信道。
结合第二方面, 在第二方面第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述自减单元具体用于: 对于每个所述信道, 当所述信道空闲时, 在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状 态进行自减后的结果上减去自减步长, 以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计数值; 当 所述信道忙碌时,以所述根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自减后的结果为 更新后的所述退避计数值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
结合第二方面, 和 /或第二方面第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二方面第二种可能 的实现方式中,所述自减单元还用于:在所述每个时隙内,确定当前时隙的自减步长。
结合第二方面第二种可能的实现方式, 在第二方面第三种可能的实现方式中, 所 述自减单元具体用于: 根据以下公式确定所述自减步长: 自减步长=当前时隙内空闲信道数 div所述发 送端需要的信道数。
结合第二方面, 和 /或第二方面第一种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第二种可 能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第三种可能的实现方式, 在第二方面第四种可能的实 现方式中, 所述选取单元具体用于:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照所述信 道的排序顺序将所述参考信道之前的 ml个空闲信道、所述参考信道以及所述参考信 道之后的 nl个空闲信道确定为信道备选集合, 从所述信道备选集合中选择 p个信道 作为所述发送端发送数据所使用的信道; ml ^O, nl ^O,且 ml、 nl均为整数, ml+nl ^p-l , p为所述发送端需要的信道数。
结合第二方面, 和 /或第二方面第一种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第二种可 能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第三种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第四种可能的 实现方式, 在第二方面第五种可能的实现方式中, 所述生成单元具体用于:
随机生成所述退避计数值; 或者,
根据所述发送端需要的信道数以及系统负载确定竞争窗的数值,在所述竞争窗的 数值范围内随机生成所述退避计数值。
结合第二方面, 和 /或第二方面第一种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第二种可 能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第三种可能的实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第四种可能的 实现方式, 和 /或第二方面第五种可能的实现方式, 在第二方面第六种可能的实现方 式中,所述发送端还包括:确定单元,用于确定所述信道与关联信道之间的对应关系; 其中, 所述信道为物理信道时, 所述关联信道为逻辑信道; 或者, 所述信道为逻辑信 道时, 所述关联信道为物理信道。
结合第二方面第六种可能的实现方式,在第二方面第七种可能的实现方式中所述 确定单元具体用于:
随机确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系; 或者,
根据物理信道与逻辑信道的频率确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系,使得 物理信道按照频率高低排序时,物理信道对应的逻辑信道也按照同样的频率高低顺序 排序; 或者,
将物理信道与逻辑信道均按照同样的频率顺序编号,按照以下编号关系确定物理 信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系: 逻辑信道编号 = (物理信道编号 +偏移随机数) mod 物理信道总数。 本发明实施例中, 对多个信道进行排序, 并且, 生成退避计数值; 从初始时隙 开始, 在每个时隙内, 按照所述信道的排序顺序, 并且根据每个所述信道的忙闲状态 依次对所述退避计数值进行自减, 直到所述退避计数值为 0; 根据对所述退避计数值 进行自减的结果以及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状态,在所述多个信道中选取发 送端发送数据所使用的信道。从而在选取信道的过程中,所有信道共同使用一个退避 计数值, 按照每个信道的忙闲状态进行退避计数值自减, 从而使得每个时隙中退避 计数值的总减数值大于等于信道空闲数, 加快了退避计数值自减到 0的速度, 缩 短了信道选取过程中的退避时间, 提高了信道利用率。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例或现有技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 对于本领域普通技术人员 而言, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为现有技术多信道的信道选取过程示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例的一种应用场景示例图;
图 3为本发明选取信道的方法的一个实施例示意图;
图 4为本发明选取信道的方法的另一个实施例示意图;
图 5A为本发明步骤 401的一种实现方法示意图;
图 5B为本发明步骤 401的另一种实现方法示意图;
图 6为本发明发送端的一个实施例示意图;
图 7为本发明发送端的另一个实施例示意图。 具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例, 而不是全部实 施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前 提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都应属于本发明保护的范围。
应理解,本发明实施例的技术方案可以应用于采用载波侦听多址接入(英文: Carrier Sensing Multiple Access, 简称: CSMA) 技术的通信系统。 该采用 CSMA 技术的通信系统可以是采用 CSMA 技术的使用非授权频谱 (英文: Unlicensed band) 的无线局域网络 (英文: Wireless Local Area Networks, 简称: WLAN), 例如无线保真 (英文: Wireless Fidelity, 简称: WiFi ), 全球微波接入互操作性
(英文: Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access, 简称: WiMAX) 等, 也可以是采用 CSMA技术的使用非授权频谱或授权频谱的移动通信系统, 例如: 全球移动通讯 (英文: Global System of Mobile communication, 简称: GSM) 系 统、 码分多址 (英文: Code Division Multiple Access, 简称: CDMA) 系统、 宽 带码分多址 (英文: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, 简称: WCDMA) 系统、 通用分组无线业务 (英文: General Packet Radio Service, 简称: GPRS )、 长期演进 (英文: Long Term Evolution, 简称: LTE) 系统、 LTE频分双工 (英 文: Frequency Division Duplex, 简称: FDD ) 系统、 LTE时分双工 (英文: Time Division Duplex , 简称: TDD )、 通用移动通信系统 (英文: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, 简称: UMTS ) 等。
本发明中所称的接入点 (英文: Access Point, 简称: AP ) 可以是使用非授 权频谱的 WLAN AP, 也可以是使用非授权频谱或授权频谱的基站。 WLAN可以 是无线保真 (英文: Wireless Fidelity, 简称: WiFi), 也可以是全球微波接入互 操作性(英文: Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access,: 简称: WiMAX) 等,本发明并不限定。该使用非授权频谱或授权频谱的基站可以是 GSM或 CDMA 中的基站 (英文: Base Transceiver Station, 简称: BTS ), 也可以是 WCDMA中 的基站 (英文: NodeB ) , 还可以是 LTE中的 eNB或 e-NodeB, 本发明并不限定。
站点 (英文: station, 简称: STA) 可以通过 AP与因特网连接。 该站点可以 是具有信号采集、 数据处理或无线通信等功能的设备。 例如, 该站点可以是固定 终端、 也可以是移动终端 (例如, 移动电话、 具有移动终端的计算机等)。
现有技术中, 信道选取过程的退避时间长, 信道利用率低。 参考图 1, 为一 个关于包含多信道和多退避计数器的退避过程的实例的示意图。 其中, 假设 STA 有数据发送, 带宽需求为 3个信道。 在 4个信道信道一、 信道二、 信道三和信道 四上维持 4个退避计数器, 退避计数器的退避计数值分别为 3、 3、 2、 2。 如图 1 所示, 在时隙 1, 4个信道均空闲, 各退避计数值分别减 1, 即 4个空闲信道的退 避计数值共减 4; 在时隙 2, 由于信道四在退避过程中信道忙, 停止退避, 其他 三个信道的退避计数值分别减 1, 信道三的退避计数值退避至 0, 3个空闲信道的 退避计数值共减 3 ; 在时隙 3, 由于信道三的退避计数值已经退避至 0, STA占住 信道三, 信道一、 二的退避计数值分别减 1, 信道一、 二的退避计数值均退避至
0, 3个空闲信道的退避计数值共减 2。 在时隙 3之后, 信道一、 二的退避计数值 也减至 0, 且满足了 STA的带宽需求, 从时隙 5开始, STA在信道一、 信道二、 信道三上发送数据。
如上例所示, 在时隙 3, 由于信道三已退避至 0, STA 占住了信道三, 在该 时隙内, 3个退避计数器在 3个空闲信道上仅减 2, 该时隙的退避计数值的总减 数值 <信道空闲数, 因此, 信道选取过程的退避时间长, 信道利用率低。
参见图 2, 为本发明实施例的应用场景示例, 包括: 数据的发送端 210和接 收端 220, 发送端 210和接收端 220之间通过信道承载数据。 本发明实施例选取 信道的方法可以应用于发送端 210,以便发送端 210有数据需要发送给接收端 220 时, 选取承载数据的信道。
本发明实施例可以适用于节点在发送数据时需要随机接入信道的系统, 例如 前文提到的 WiFi系统或者 LTE-U系统等。 当发送端 210发送的数据是上行数据 时, 发送端 210所需要选取的信道是上行信道, 当发送端 210发送的数据是下行 数据时, 发送端 210所需要选取的信道是下行信道。 例如, 当本发明实施例应用 于 WiFi系统时, 发送端 210可以为站点 STA,接收端 220可以为 AP或者基本服 务集 (BSS, Basic Service Set) 的访问点, 发送端 210所需要选取的信道是上行 信道; 或者, 发送端 210可以为 AP或者 BSS的访问点, 接收端 220可以为 STA, 发送端 210所需要选取的信道是下行信道。 参见图 3, 为本发明选取信道的方法的一个实施例流程图, 该实施例从数据 的发送端侧进行描述:
步骤 301 : 对多个信道进行排序, 并且, 生成退避计数值。
其中, 当发送端发送的是上行数据时, 本发明实施例中所述的信道为上行信道, 当发送端发送的是下行数据时, 本发明实施例中所述的信道为下行信道。
其中, 由于物理信道与逻辑信道之间具有对应关系, 因此, 本发明实施例中所述 信道可以为物理信道或者逻辑信道,在物理信道与逻辑信道之间对应关系一定的情况 下, 所述信道为物理信道或逻辑信道对本发明实施例处理结果并无影响。
步骤 302: 从初始时隙开始, 在每个时隙内, 按照所述信道的排序顺序, 并且根 据每个所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自减,直到所述退避计数值为 0。
其中, 所述初始时隙是指发送端执行本步骤 302的第一个时隙, 也即发送端开始 进行退避计数值自减的时隙。 所述初始时隙的确定与发送端确定何时开始信道选取、 接入信道相关, 具体确定方法这里不赘述。
步骤 303 : 根据对所述退避计数值进行自减的结果以及所述多个信道中至少一个 的忙闲状态, 在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道。
其中, 该方法还可以包括: 确定所述信道与关联信道之间的对应关系; 其中, 本 发明实施例中所述信道为物理信道时, 所述关联信道为逻辑信道; 或者, 所述信道为 逻辑信道时, 所述关联信道为物理信道。 这一步骤与步骤 301、 步骤 302和步骤 303 之间的执行顺序不限制。
本实施例中, 对多个信道进行排序并生成退避计数值, 从初始时隙开始, 在每 个时隙内, 按照所述信道的排序顺序, 并且根据每个所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述 退避计数值进行自减, 直到所述退避计数值为 0, 根据对所述退避计数值进行自减的 结果以及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状态,在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数 据所使用的信道, 从而在选取信道的过程中, 所有信道共同使用一个退避计数值, 按 照每个信道的忙闲状态进行退避计数值自减,从而使得每个时隙中退避计数值的总减 数值大于等于信道空闲数,加快了退避计数值自减到 0的速度,缩短了信道选取过程 中的退避时间, 提高了信道利用率。 参见图 4, 为本发明选取信道的方法的另一个实施例流程图, 该方法包括: 步骤 401 : 发送端确定信道与关联信道之间的对应关系。
其中,本步骤 401中所述信道可以为物理信道,则关联信道可以为逻辑信道; 或者,所述信道可以为逻辑信道, 则关联信道可以为物理信道; 因此,本步骤 401 实质上发送端确定的就是物理信道和逻辑信道之间的对应关系。
其中, 本步骤 401中所涉及的物理信道可以是发送端所能侦听到的所有物理 信道的全部或部分, 本发明实施例并不限制。 同样的, 本步骤 401中所涉及的逻 辑信道可以是发送端与接收端之间所有逻辑信道的全部或部分, 本发明实施例并 不限制。
在第一种可能的实现方式中, 本步骤 401可以包括:
发送端根据物理信道与逻辑信道的频率确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关 系, 使得物理信道按照频率高低排序时,物理信道对应的逻辑信道也按照同样的频率 高低顺序排序。
例如, 假设物理信道和逻辑信道的数量分别为 15, 15个物理信道按照频率由高 到低的顺序编号分别为物理信道 1〜物理信道 15, 逻辑信道按照频率由高到低的顺序 编号分别为逻辑信道 1〜逻辑信道 15, 则可以确定物理信道和逻辑信道之间的对应关 系为: 物理信道 1对应逻辑信道 1, 物理信道 2对应逻辑信道 2, 以此类推, 直到物 理信道 15对应逻辑信道 15, 如下表 1中第一列和第二列所示。
如果本发明实施例选取信道的方法应用于 WiFi系统, 使用第一种可能的实 现方式确定物理信道和逻辑信道的对应关系时, 会造成在部分信道上, 相邻 BSS 间发生信道使用冲突的概率较高。
举例来说: 假设 BSS 1、 BSS2禾 P BSS3为相邻 BSS, BSS 1的访问点为访问点 1, BSS2的访问点为访问点 2, BSS3的访问点为访问点 3, 在自减步长、 初始时 隙、 物理信道的排序以及物理信道和逻辑信道的对应关系均相同的情况下, 如果 访问点 1和访问点 3的退避随机数相同, 那么, 访问点 1和访问点 3所得到的参 考信道必然相同, 如果访问点 1和访问点 3在步骤 405中根据参考信道选取发送 数据所使用的信道的实现方法相同, 那么访问点 1和访问点 3所选取的发送数据所 使用的信道也将相同, 从而造成访问点 1和访问点 3在同样的信道发送数据, 产生 BSS1和 BSS3的信道使用冲突。例如, 如表 1所示, 假设自减步长为 1, 初始时隙相 同, 访问点 1 的退避随机数为 5, 访问点 2的退避随机数为 4, 访问点 3 的退避 随机数为 5, 那么, 访问点 1和访问点 3得到的参考信道均为物理信道 5 (逻辑 信道 5 ), 进而如果访问点 1和访问点 3根据参考信道选取发送数据所使用的信道 的实现方法相同, 那么访问点 1和访问点 3将选取相同的信道发送数据, 从而造成 访问点 1和访问点 3在同样的信道发送数据, 产生 BSS1和 BSS3的信道使用冲突。
表 1
访问点 1 访问点 2 访问点 3
(BSS1 ) (BSS2) (BSS3 )
物理信道 0 逻辑信道 0 0 0 0
物理信道 1 逻辑信道 1 1 1 1
物理信道 2 逻辑信道 2 2 2 2
物理信道 3 逻辑信道 3 3 3 3
物理信道 4 逻辑信道 4 4 4 4
物理信道 5 逻辑信道 5 5 5 5
物理信道 6 逻辑信道 6 6 6 6
物理信道 7 逻辑信道 7 7 7 7
物理信道 8 逻辑信道 8 8 8 8 物理信道 9 逻辑信道 9 9 9 9
物理信道 10 逻辑信道 10 10 10 10
物理信道 11 逻辑信道 11 11 11 11
物理信道 12 逻辑信道 12 12 12 12
物理信道 13 逻辑信道 13 13 13 13
物理信道 14 逻辑信道 14 14 14 14
物理信道 15 逻辑信道 15 15 15 15
因此,本发明实施例还提供了以下的第二和第三种可能的实现方式, 以降低 BSS 间的信道使用冲突概率。需要注意的是,第二和第三种可能的实现方式是在所述信道 为逻辑信道, 也即发送端直接选取发送数据的逻辑信道的情况下才能起到降低 BSS 间的信道使用冲突概率的效果; 但是,第二和第三种可能的实现方式也可以适用于所 述信道为物理信道, 也即发送端直接选取发送数据的物理信道的情况下。
在第二种可能的实现方式中, 本步骤 401可以包括:
发送端随机确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系。
在第三种可能的实现方式中, 本步骤 401可以包括:
发送端将物理信道与逻辑信道均按照同样的频率顺序编号, 按照以下编号关系 确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系: 逻辑信道编号 = (物理信道编号 +偏移随 机数) mod物理信道总数。
在第三种可能的实现方式下, 当本发明实施例应用于 WiFi系统时, 同一 BSS下 的节点例如 STA、 AP、 访问点等可以使用相同的偏移随机数, 不同 BSS下的节点可 以使用不同的偏移随机数, 也即, 偏移随机数与 BSS之间相关联, 不同 BSS对应不 同的偏移随机数。 这样, 可以降低相邻 BSS间信道使用冲突概率。
举例来说:
仍以上述 BSS1、 BSS2、 BSS3为例, 假设 BSS 1的偏移随机数为 11、 BSS2的偏 移随机数为 8、 BSS3 的偏移随机数为 4, 那么, BSS1 中逻辑信道编号= (物理信道 编号 +11 ) modl6, BSS2中逻辑信道编号= (物理信道编号 +8 ) modl6, BSS3中逻辑 信道编号= (物理信道编号 +4) modl6, 则 BSS1、 BSS2、 BSS3中的逻辑信道编号与 物理信道编号之间的对应关系如表 2所示。
表 2
BSS 1 BSS2 BSS3
物理信道 0 逻辑信道 11 逻辑信道 8 逻辑信道 4 物理信道 1 逻辑信道 12 逻辑信道 9 逻辑信道 5 物理信道 2 逻辑信道 13 逻辑信道 10 逻辑信道 6 物理信道 3 逻辑信道 14 逻辑信道 11 逻辑信道 7 物理信道 4 逻辑信道 15 逻辑信道 12 逻辑信道 8 物理信道 5 逻辑信道 0 逻辑信道 13 逻辑信道 9 物理信道 6 逻辑信道 1 逻辑信道 14 逻辑信道 10 物理信道 7 逻辑信道 2 逻辑信道 15 逻辑信道 11 物理信道 8 逻辑信道 3 逻辑信道 0 逻辑信道 12 物理信道 9 逻辑信道 4 逻辑信道 1 逻辑信道 13 物理信道 10 逻辑信道 5 逻辑信道 2 逻辑信道 14 物理信道 11 逻辑信道 6 逻辑信道 3 逻辑信道 15 物理信道 12 逻辑信道 7 逻辑信道 4 逻辑信道 0 物理信道 13 逻辑信道 8 逻辑信道 5 逻辑信道 1 物理信道 14 逻辑信道 9 逻辑信道 6 逻辑信道 2 物理信道 15 逻辑信道 10 逻辑信道 8 逻辑信道 3 此时, 仍按前述实例假设自减步长为 1, 初始时隙相同, 访问点 1的退避随机 数为 5, 访问点 2的退避随机数为 4, 访问点 3的退避随机数为 5, 在每个时隙按 照逻辑信道 0~15 的顺序遍历逻辑信道进行退避随机数的自减, 那么, 访问点 1 和访问点 3得到的参考信道均为逻辑信道 5, 访问点 2得到的参考信道为逻辑信 道 4, 但是参见表 2的对应关系可知, 访问点 1中逻辑信道 5对应的物理信道为 物理信道 10, 访问点 2中逻辑信道 4对应的物理信道为物理信道 12, 访问点 3 中逻辑信道 5对应的物理信道为物理信道 1, 三个访问点使用的物理信道均不相 同, 从而降低了相邻 BSS间信道使用冲突概率。
步骤 402: 发送端对信道进行排序。
其中, 发送端可以按照信道的频率高低顺序进行信道的排序, 也可以随机进 行信道的排序, 本发明实施例并不限制。
步骤 403 : 发送端生成退避计数值。
在第一种可能的实现方式中, 发送端可以随机生成所述退避随机数。
在第二种可能的实现方式中,发送端可以根据发送端需要的信道数以及系统负 载确定竞争窗的数值, 在竞争窗的数值范围内随机生成所述退避计数值。
具体的, 发送端可以按照系统负载确定一个竞争窗的标准值 A, 然后以该标 准值与发送端所需要的信道数的乘积作为竞争窗的数值。 例如, 假设标准值 A=32, 如果发送端需要的信道数为 1, 那么确定的竞争窗的数值为 32, 如果发送 端需要的信道数为 2, 那么确定的竞争窗的数值为 64。
在这种实现方式下, 系统负载越高, 标准值 A可以越小, 系统负载越低, 标准 值 A可以越大, 从而系统负载越高, 发送端所能够选取的逻辑信道数越少, 系统负 载越低, 发送端所能够选取的逻辑信道数越多。 另外, 在标准值 A相同的情况下, 对于需要的信道数不同的两个发送端, 需要信道数少的发送端对应的竞争窗的数 值较小, 需要信道数多的发送端对应的竞争窗的数值较大, 从而在竞争窗的数值 范围内随机生成退避计数值时, 需要信道数少的发送端生成的退避计数值比需要信 道数多的发送端生成的退避计数值小的概率更大, 从而需要的信道数少的发送端优 先接入信道的概率更高。
其中, 步骤 401〜步骤 403这 3个步骤之间的执行顺序不限制。
步骤 404: 发送端从初始时隙开始, 在每个时隙内, 按照所述信道的排序顺序, 并且根据每个所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自减,直到所述退避计 数值为 0。
其中,本发明实施例中将使得退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道称为参考 信道。
其中, 对退避计数值进行自减, 可以包括:
对于每个信道,在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自减后的结果上减 去自减步长, 以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计数值; 当所述信道忙碌时, 以所述 根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自减后的结果为更新后的所述退避计数 值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
其中, 所述自减步长可以为任意自然数, 具体取值本发明并不限制。 自减步长的 具体取值可以预先设置于发送端。
或者, 对退避计数值进行自减, 可以包括:
在所述每个时隙内, 确定当前时隙的自减步长;
对于每个信道, 当所述信道空闲时, 在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进 行自减后的结果上减去自减步长, 以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计数值; 当所述 信道忙碌时,以所述根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自减后的结果为更新 后的所述退避计数值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
其中, 所述确定当前时隙的自减步长, 可以包括: 将自减步长确定为 1 ; 或者,
根据以下公式确定自减步长: 自减步长=当前时隙内空闲信道数 div发送端需要 的信道数。
例如, 假设当前时隙内空闲信道数为 9, 发送端需要的信道数为 2, 则当前时隙 的自减步长 =9div2=4。
其中, 各个信道的忙闲状态可以通过发送端对信道进行持续侦听实现, 具体侦听 方法本发明不再赘述。
在一种可能的实现方式中, 本步骤 404的详细实现可以通过图 5A所示的方法实 现:
步骤 511 : 在当前时隙内, 发送端判断当前信道是否空闲; 如果空闲, 退避计数 值减 1, 如果不空闲 (忙碌), 退避计数值不变。
其中, 当前时隙的初始值为初始时隙, 当前信道的初始值为信道的排序顺序中排 序顺序为 1的信道。
步骤 512: 发送端判断退避计数值是否为 0; 如果为 0, 发送端将当前信道的下 一个信道确定为参考信道, 流程结束; 如果不为 0, 执行步骤 513。
步骤 513 : 发送端根据信道的排序顺序判断当前信道是否是最后一个信道, 如果 是最后一个信道,将当前时隙的下一个时隙作为当前时隙,根据信道的排序顺序将第 一个信道作为当前信道, 转入步骤 511 ; 如果不是最后一个信道, 根据信道的排序顺 序将当前信道的下一个信道作为当前信道, 转入步骤 511。
通过上述图 5A所示的方法, 首先在初始时隙内按照信道的排序顺序遍历信道, 遍历完信道后如果退避计数值没有减为 0, 则在初始时隙的下一个时隙内继续按照信 道的排序顺序遍历信道,以此类推,直到在某一个时隙内遍历到某一个空闲的信道时, 退避计数值减 1后数值为 0, 得到参考信道。 并且, 在每个时隙内, 如果遍历到的信 道忙绿, 退避计数值保持不变, 如果遍历到的信道空闲, 退避计数值减 1 ; 在自减过 程中, 如果在某一个时隙内遍历到某一个空闲信道时, 退避计数值减 1后数值为 0, 则该空闲信道的下一个空闲信道为参考信道。
举实例说明:
假设物理信道的数量为 16个, 依照频率由低到高的顺序编号为: 物理信道 0〜物 理信道 15; 初始时隙为时隙 0, 时隙 0之后的时隙依次为: 时隙 1、 2、 3··· ; 退避随 机数为 48; 各个物理信道在每个时隙的忙闲状态如表 1所示, 其中, 为了说明退避 计数器自减过程的方便, 如果物理信道在对应时隙忙碌, 表中以 "忙碌"标明, 如果 物理信道在对应时隙空闲, 以从 0开始的有序数字标明。
参见下表 3所示, 首先在时隙 0内, 按照物理信道 0〜物理信道 15的顺序遍历物 理信道 0〜物理信道 15, 由于物理信道 0〜物理信道 15在时隙 0内均为空闲状态, 因 此, 退避计数值将减为 32; 之后, 在时隙 1内, 按照物理信道 0〜物理信道 15的顺序 遍历物理信道 0〜物理信道 15, 由于物理信道 0〜物理信道 15在时隙 1 内均为空闲状 态, 因此, 退避计数值将减为 16; 之后, 在时隙 2内, 按照物理信道 0〜物理信道 15 的顺序遍历物理信道 0〜物理信道 15, 由于物理信道 4和物理信道 5在时隙 2内为忙 碌状态, 其他物理信道在时隙 2内为空闲状态, 因此, 退避计数值将减为 2; 之后, 在时隙 3内, 按照物理信道 0〜物理信道 15的顺序遍历物理信道 0〜物理信道 15, 当 遍历物理信道至物理信道 1时, 退避计数值减为 0, 物理信道 1的下一个空闲物理信 道即物理信道 2将作为参考信道。
表 3
Figure imgf000016_0001
在另一种可能的实现方式中, 本步骤 404的详细实现可以通过图 5B所示的方法 实现: 步骤 521 : 发送端根据公式自减步长 =当前时隙内空闲信道数 div发送端需要的 信道数确定当前时隙的自减步长;
步骤 522: 在当前时隙内, 发送端判断当前信道是否空闲; 如果空闲, 用退避计 数值减去当前时隙的自减步长得到的数值更新退避计数值, 如果不空闲 (忙碌), 退 避计数值不变。
其中, 当前时隙的初始值为初始时隙, 当前信道的初始值为信道的排序顺序中排 序顺序为 1的信道。
步骤 523 : 发送端判断退避计数值是否为 0; 如果为 0, 将当前信道的下一个信 道确定为参考信道, 流程结束; 如果不为 0, 执行步骤 524。
步骤 524: 发送端根据信道的排序顺序判断当前信道是否是最后一个信道, 如果 是最后一个信道,将当前时隙的下一个时隙作为当前时隙,根据信道的排序顺序将第 一个信道作为当前信道, 转入步骤 521 ; 如果不是最后一个信道, 根据信道的排序顺 序将当前信道的下一个信道作为当前信道, 转入步骤 522。
图 5B与图 5A的区别仅在于: 图 5A所示的方法中每个时隙的自减步长均为 1, 而图 5B所示的方法中, 每个时隙的自减步长根据时隙内空闲信道数与发送端需要的 信道数确定。 相对于图 5A所示的方法, 图 5B所示的方法中每个时隙的自减步长可 能为 1或大于 1的数值, 从而使用图 5B所示的方法进行退避计数值的自减时, 退避 计数值自减为 0的速度相对更快,信道选取过程中的退避时间更短, 进一步提高了 信道利用率。
举实例说明:
假设物理信道的数量为 16个, 依照频率由低到高的顺序编号为: 物理信道 0〜物 理信道 15 ; 发送端所需要的信道数为 4; 初始时隙为时隙 0, 时隙 0之后的时隙依次 为: 时隙 1、 2、 3 ··· ; 退避随机数为 48; 各个物理信道在每个时隙的忙闲状态如表 2 所示, 如果物理信道在对应时隙忙碌, 表中以 "忙碌"标明, 如果物理信道在对应时 隙空闲, 表中以 "空闲"标明。
参见下表 4所示, 由于时隙 0内空闲的物理信道为 8个, 因此时隙 0的自减步长 为 8div4=2, 在时隙 0内, 按照物理信道 0〜物理信道 15的顺序遍历物理信道 0〜物理 信道 15, 由于有 8个物理信道在时隙 0内为空闲状态, 因此, 退避计数值将减为 32; 之后, 时隙 1内空闲的物理信道为 8个, 因此时隙 0的自减步长也为 2,在时隙 1内, 按照物理信道 0〜物理信道 15的顺序遍历物理信道 0〜物理信道 15, 由于有 8个物理 信道在时隙 1 内为空闲状态, 因此, 退避计数值将减为 16; 之后, 时隙 2内空闲的 物理信道为 14个, 因此时隙 2的自减步长为 14div4=3, 在时隙 2内, 按照物理信道 0〜物理信道 15 的顺序遍历物理信道 0〜物理信道 15, 当遍历物理信道至物理信道 7 时, 退避计数值减为 0, 物理信道 7的下一个空闲物理信道即物理信道 8将作为参考 信道。
表 4
Figure imgf000018_0001
步骤 405 : 发送端根据对所述退避计数值进行自减的结果以及所述多个信道中至 少一个的忙闲状态, 在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道。
其中, 本步骤 405可以包括:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照信道的 排序顺序将参考信道之前的 ml个空闲信道、 参考信道以及参考信道之后的 nl个空 闲信道确定为信道备选集合,从信道备选集合中选择 p个信道作为发送端发送数据所 使用的信道; ml 0, nl ^O, 且 ml、 nl均为整数, ml+nl p-l, p为发送端需要的 信道数。
其中, 在从信道备选集合中选择 p个信道时, 可以随机选择, 也可以优先选择信 道质量好的信道, 本发明实施例并不限制。
例如, 假设 ml=3, nl=3, p=l, 逻辑信道按照逻辑信道 0~15的顺序排序, 最终 步骤 404中得到的参考信道为逻辑信道 8, 那么, 假设逻辑信道 5~7、 逻辑信道 9~11 在当前时隙均为空闲状态, 那么, 可以在逻辑信道 5~11中随机选择一个逻辑信道作 为发送端发送数据所使用的信道, 或者, 也可以在逻辑信道 5~11中选择信道质量最 好的逻辑信道作为发送端发送数据所使用的信道。
或者, 本步骤 405可以包括:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照信道的 排序顺序将参考信道之前的 m2个空闲信道、 参考信道以及参考信道之后的 n2个空 闲信道确定为发送端发送数据所使用的信道; m2 0, n2^0, 且 m2、 n2均为整数, m2+n2=p-l。
例如, 假设 m2=l, nl=l, p=3, 逻辑信道按照逻辑信道 0~15的顺序排序, 最终 步骤 404中得到的参考信道为逻辑信道 8, 那么, 假设逻辑信道 7、 逻辑信道 9在当 前时隙均为空闲状态,那么,可以选择逻辑信道 7~9作为发送端发送数据所使用的信 道。
本实施例中, 在选取信道的过程中, 所有信道共同使用一个退避计数值, 按照 每个信道的忙闲状态进行退避计数值自减, 从而使得每个时隙中退避计数值的总减 数值大于等于信道空闲数, 加快了退避计数值自减到 0的速度, 缩短了信道选取 过程中的退避时间, 提高了信道利用率。 与本发明选取信道的方法的实施例相对应, 本发明还提供了发送端的实施 例。
参见图 6, 为本发明发送端的一个实施例框图: 该发送端 600包括: 排序单元 610、 生成单元 620、 自减单元 630以及选取单元 640, 其中,
所述排序单元 610, 用于对多个信道进行排序;
所述生成单元 620, 用于生成退避计数值;
所述自减单元 630, 用于从初始时隙开始, 在每个时隙内按照所述排序单元对所 述信道的排序顺序,并且根据每个所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自 减, 直到所述退避计数值为 0;
所述选取单元 640, 用于根据所述自减单元 630对所述退避计数值进行自减的结 果以及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状态,在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据 所使用的信道。
可选地, 所述自减单元 630具体可以用于:
对于每个所述信道, 当所述信道空闲时, 在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状 态进行自减后的结果上减去自减步长, 以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计数值; 当 所述信道忙碌时,以所述根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自减后的结果为 更新后的所述退避计数值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
可选地, 所述自减单元 630还可以用于: 在所述每个时隙内, 确定当前时隙的自 减步长。
可选地, 所述自减单元 630具体可以用于:
根据以下公式确定所述自减步长: 自减步长=当前时隙内空闲信道数 div所述发 送端需要的信道数。
可选地, 所述选取单元 640具体可以用于:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照所述信 道的排序顺序将所述参考信道之前的 ml个空闲信道、所述参考信道以及所述参考信 道之后的 nl个空闲信道确定为信道备选集合, 从所述信道备选集合中选择 p个信道 作为所述发送端发送数据所使用的信道; ml ^O, nl ^O,且 ml、 nl均为整数, ml+nl ^p-l , p为所述发送端需要的信道数。
可选地, 所述生成单元 620具体可以用于:
随机生成所述退避计数值; 或者,
根据所述发送端需要的信道数以及系统负载确定竞争窗的数值,在所述竞争窗的 数值范围内随机生成所述退避计数值。
可选地, 所述发送端还可以包括: 确定单元, 用于确定所述信道与关联信道之间 的对应关系; 其中, 所述信道为物理信道时, 所述关联信道为逻辑信道; 或者, 所述 信道为逻辑信道时, 所述关联信道为物理信道。
可选地, 所述确定单元具体可以用于:
随机确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系; 或者,
根据物理信道与逻辑信道的频率确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系,使得 物理信道按照频率高低排序时,物理信道对应的逻辑信道也按照同样的频率高低顺序 排序; 或者,
将物理信道与逻辑信道均按照同样的频率顺序编号,按照以下编号关系确定物理 信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系: 逻辑信道编号 = (物理信道编号 +偏移随机数) mod 物理信道总数。
本实施例中, 在选取信道的过程中, 所有信道共同使用一个退避计数值, 按照 每个信道的忙闲状态进行退避计数值自减, 从而使得每个时隙中退避计数值的总减 数值大于等于信道空闲数, 加快了退避计数值自减到 0的速度, 缩短了信道选取 过程中的退避时间, 提高了信道利用率。 参见图 7, 为本发明实施例发送端结构示意图, 该发送端可以为 WiFi系统中 的 STA、 AP或者访问点等; 该发送端 700包括: 处理器 710、 存储器 720、 收发 器 730和总线 740;
处理器 710、 存储器 720、 收发器 730通过总线 740相互连接; 总线 740可 以是 ISA总线、 PCI总线或 EISA总线等。 所述总线可以分为地址总线、 数据总 线、 控制总线等。 为便于表示, 图 7中仅用一条粗线表示, 但并不表示仅有一根 总线或一种类型的总线。
存储器 720, 用于存放程序。 具体地, 程序可以包括程序代码, 所述程序代 码包括计算机操作指令。 存储器 720可能包含高速 RAM存储器, 也可能还包括 非易失性存储器 (non- volatile memory) , 例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
收发器 730用于连接其他设备, 并与其他设备进行通信。
所述处理器 710执行所述程序代码, 用于对多个信道进行排序, 并且, 生成退 避计数值; 从初始时隙开始, 按照所述信道的排序顺序, 并且根据每个所述信道的忙 闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自减, 直到所述退避计数值为 0; 根据对所述退避 计数值进行自减的结果以及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状态,在所述多个信道中 选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道。
可选地, 所述处理器 710具体可以用于:
对于每个所述信道, 当所述信道空闲时, 在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状 态进行自减后的结果上减去自减步长, 以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计数值; 当 所述信道忙碌时,以所述根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自减后的结果为 更新后的所述退避计数值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
可选地, 所述处理器 710还可以用于: 在所述每个时隙内, 确定当前时隙的自减 步长。
可选地, 所述处理器 710具体可以用于: 根据以下公式确定所述自减步长: 自减 步长 =当前时隙内空闲信道数 div所述发送端需要的信道数。 可选地, 所述处理器 710具体可以用于:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照所述信 道的排序顺序将所述参考信道之前的 ml个空闲信道、所述参考信道以及所述参考信 道之后的 nl个空闲信道确定为信道备选集合, 从所述信道备选集合中选择 p个信道 作为所述发送端发送数据所使用的信道; ml ^O, nl ^O,且 ml、 nl均为整数, ml+nl ^p-l , p为所述发送端需要的信道数。
可选地, 所述处理器 710具体可以用于:
随机生成所述退避计数值; 或者,
根据所述发送端需要的信道数以及系统负载确定竞争窗的数值,在所述竞争窗的 数值范围内随机生成所述退避计数值。
可选地, 所述处理器 710还可以用于:
确定所述信道与关联信道之间的对应关系;
其中, 所述信道为物理信道时, 所述关联信道为逻辑信道; 或者, 所述信道为逻 辑信道时, 所述关联信道为物理信道。
可选地, 所述处理器 710具体可以用于:
随机确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系; 或者,
根据物理信道与逻辑信道的频率确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系,使得 物理信道按照频率高低排序时,物理信道对应的逻辑信道也按照同样的频率高低顺序 排序; 或者,
将物理信道与逻辑信道均按照同样的频率顺序编号,按照以下编号关系确定物理 信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系: 逻辑信道编号 = (物理信道编号 +偏移随机数) mod 物理信道总数。
本实施例中, 在选取信道的过程中, 所有信道共同使用一个退避计数值, 按照 每个信道的忙闲状态进行退避计数值自减, 从而使得每个时隙中退避计数值的总减 数值大于等于信道空闲数, 加快了退避计数值自减到 0的速度, 缩短了信道选取 过程中的退避时间, 提高了信道利用率。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他 实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相请参见即可。对于实施例提供 的装置而言, 由于其与实施例提供的方法相对应, 所以描述的比较简单, 相关之处请 参见方法部分说明即可。
还需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个 实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作 之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。 而且, 术语 "包括" 、 "包含"或者其任何 其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含, 从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、 方法、物品或 者设备不仅包括那些要素, 而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素, 或者是还包括为这 种过程、 方法、 物品或者设备所固有的要素。 在没有更多限制的情况下, 由语句 "包 括一个…… " 限定的要素, 并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、 方法、物品或者设备中 还存在另外的相同要素。
通过以上的实施方式的描述,所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明各实 施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件的方式来实现,通用硬件包括通用集成电路、通 用 CPU、 通用存储器、 通用元器件等, 当然也可以通过专用硬件包括专用集成电路、 专用 CPU、 专用存储器、 专用元器件等来实现, 但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方 式。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可 以以软件产品的形式体现出来, 该计算机软件产品可以存储在可读取的存储介质中, 如 U盘、 移动存储介质、 只读存储器(ROM, Read-Only Memory ) 随机存取存储器 (RAM, Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储软件程序代码的介 质, 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机, 服务器, 或者网络 设备等) 执行本发明各个实施例的方法。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述, 各个实施例之间相同相似 的部分互相参见即可, 每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。 尤 其, 对于系统实施例而言, 由于其基本相似于方法实施例, 所以描述的比较简单, 相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
以上所述的本发明实施方式, 并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。 任何在本 发明的精神和原则之中所作的修改、 等同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保 护范围之中。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种选取信道的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
对多个信道进行排序, 并且, 生成退避计数值;
从初始时隙开始, 在每个时隙内, 按照所述信道的排序顺序, 并且根据每个 所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值进行自减,直到所述退避计数值为 0; 根据对所述退避计数值进行自减的结果以及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙 闲状态, 在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述依次对所述退避计数值 进行自减, 包括:
对于每个所述信道, 当所述信道空闲时, 在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙 闲状态进行自减后的结果上减去自减步长,以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计 数值; 当所述信道忙碌时, 以所述根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自 减后的结果为更新后的所述退避计数值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 所述方法还包括:
在所述每个时隙内, 确定当前时隙的自减步长。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述确定当前时隙的自减步 长, 包括:
根据以下公式确定所述自减步长: 自减步长=当前时隙内空闲信道数 div所 述发送端需要的信道数。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述多个信道 中选取发送端发送数据所使用的信道包括:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照所 述信道的排序顺序将所述参考信道之前的 ml个空闲信道、所述参考信道以及所 述参考信道之后的 nl个空闲信道确定为信道备选集合, 从所述信道备选集合中 选择 p个信道作为所述发送端发送数据所使用的信道; ml 0, nl ^O, 且 ml、 nl均为整数, ml+nl ^p-l , p为所述发送端需要的信道数。
6、 根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述生成退避计 数值, 包括:
随机生成所述退避计数值; 或者,
根据所述发送端需要的信道数以及系统负载确定竞争窗的数值,在所述竞争 窗的数值范围内随机生成所述退避计数值。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 确定所述信道与关联信道之间的对应关系;
其中, 所述信道为物理信道时, 所述关联信道为逻辑信道; 或者, 所述信道 为逻辑信道时, 所述关联信道为物理信道。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 确定物理信道与逻辑信道之 间的对应关系, 包括:
随机确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系; 或者,
根据物理信道与逻辑信道的频率确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系, 使得物理信道按照频率高低排序时,物理信道对应的逻辑信道也按照同样的频率 高低顺序排序; 或者,
将物理信道与逻辑信道均按照同样的频率顺序编号,按照以下编号关系确定 物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系:逻辑信道编号 = (物理信道编号 +偏移随机 数) mod物理信道总数。
9、 一种发送端, 其特征在于, 包括: 排序单元、 生成单元、 自减单元以及 选取单元, 其中,
所述排序单元, 用于对多个信道进行排序;
所述生成单元, 用于生成退避计数值;
所述自减单元, 用于从初始时隙开始, 在每个时隙内, 按照所述排序单元对 所述信道的排序顺序,并且根据每个所述信道的忙闲状态依次对所述退避计数值 进行自减, 直到所述退避计数值为 0;
所述选取单元,用于根据所述自减单元对所述退避计数值进行自减的结果以 及所述多个信道中至少一个的忙闲状态,在所述多个信道中选取发送端发送数据 所使用的信道。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的发送端, 其特征在于, 所述自减单元具体用于: 对于每个所述信道, 当所述信道空闲时, 在根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙 闲状态进行自减后的结果上减去自减步长,以得到的值作为更新后的所述退避计 数值; 当所述信道忙碌时, 以所述根据所述信道的前一个信道的忙闲状态进行自 减后的结果为更新后的所述退避计数值, 所述自减步长大于等于 1。
11、 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的发送端, 其特征在于, 所述自减单元还用 于: 在所述每个时隙内, 确定当前时隙的自减步长。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的发送端, 其特征在于, 所述自减单元具体用于: 根据以下公式确定所述自减步长: 自减步长=当前时隙内空闲信道数 div所 述发送端需要的信道数。
13、 根据权利要求 9至 12任一项所述的发送端, 其特征在于, 所述选取单 元具体用于:
将使得所述退避计数值为 0的信道的下一个空闲信道作为参考信道,按照所 述信道的排序顺序将所述参考信道之前的 ml个空闲信道、所述参考信道以及所 述参考信道之后的 nl个空闲信道确定为信道备选集合, 从所述信道备选集合中 选择 p个信道作为所述发送端发送数据所使用的信道; ml 0, nl ^O, 且 ml、 nl均为整数, ml+nl ^p-l , p为所述发送端需要的信道数。
14、 根据权利要求 9至 13任一项所述的发送端, 其特征在于, 所述生成单 元具体用于:
随机生成所述退避计数值; 或者,
根据所述发送端需要的信道数以及系统负载确定竞争窗的数值,在所述竞争 窗的数值范围内随机生成所述退避计数值。
15、 根据权利要求 9至 14任一项所述的发送端, 其特征在于, 所述发送端 还包括: 确定单元, 用于确定所述信道与关联信道之间的对应关系; 其中, 所述 信道为物理信道时, 所述关联信道为逻辑信道; 或者, 所述信道为逻辑信道时, 所述关联信道为物理信道。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的发送端, 其特征在于, 所述确定单元具体用于: 随机确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系; 或者,
根据物理信道与逻辑信道的频率确定物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系, 使得物理信道按照频率高低排序时,物理信道对应的逻辑信道也按照同样的频率 高低顺序排序; 或者,
将物理信道与逻辑信道均按照同样的频率顺序编号,按照以下编号关系确定 物理信道与逻辑信道之间的对应关系:逻辑信道编号 = (物理信道编号 +偏移随机 数) mod物理信道总数。
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