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WO2016030064A1 - Bougie d'allumage comprenant un joint fait d'un alliage au moins ternaire - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage comprenant un joint fait d'un alliage au moins ternaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016030064A1
WO2016030064A1 PCT/EP2015/065320 EP2015065320W WO2016030064A1 WO 2016030064 A1 WO2016030064 A1 WO 2016030064A1 EP 2015065320 W EP2015065320 W EP 2015065320W WO 2016030064 A1 WO2016030064 A1 WO 2016030064A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alloy
spark plug
weight
housing
less
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/065320
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Krebs
Sabrina RATHGEBER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to EP15756561.5A priority Critical patent/EP3186860A1/fr
Priority to US15/327,151 priority patent/US9819156B2/en
Priority to CN201580045699.6A priority patent/CN106575856B/zh
Publication of WO2016030064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016030064A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/36—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug according to the preamble of the independent
  • seals or sealing elements are used at different points of the spark plug, so that the built-in engine block or spark plug in the shaft plug is gas-tight relative to the gases in the combustion chamber.
  • an outer seal for sealing the spark plug housing spark plug shaft transition there is at least one inner seal, and inner
  • Sealing disc or inner sealing ring called, which seals the gap between the housing and insulator.
  • metal seals e.g. made of steel or copper or aluminum, used for spark plugs.
  • the inner seal should reliably seal the gap between the spark plug housing and the spark plug insulator over the entire temperature range of about -40 ° C to about 350 ° C, to which the spark plug is exposed.
  • the invention is based on the finding that an ideal for the spark plug
  • Sealing element such as an inner seal, consists of a material that meets the various requirements, such as good ductility,
  • the sealing elements used in the spark plug should be pressure resistant, especially for pressures up to 200 bar to withstand the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber during engine operation, and preferably close the gap between the components to be sealed gas-tight, ie that the leakage rate of the transition between the sealed Components ideally less than 10 "7 mbar * l / s.
  • spark plugs has advantageous and less advantageous or
  • the materials copper and aluminum are characterized by a good ductility and high thermal conductivity and a fairly good corrosion resistance compared to steel.
  • steel usually has a higher hardness than copper or aluminum.
  • the sealing element must deform.
  • the deformability of the material depends on different material properties, such as the elongation at break A or the modulus of elasticity E, as well as external conditions, such as the temperature.
  • deformation occurs in the area of plastic deformation, with the area of elastic deformation being passed first.
  • the breaking elongation A is a measure of how far the material can be deformed beyond its Eleatic deformation range before it breaks.
  • the modulus of elasticity E is a measure of what resistance a material, in particular elastic, deformation or the
  • Deforming force opposes.
  • temperature resistant is generally meant that a material or a component of its primary function, such as sealing in a
  • the temperature resistance can be judged for various aspects, such as
  • the material used for the inner seal is temperature resistant for temperature up to at least 550 ° C.
  • Dimensional stability is generally understood to mean that the material retains its shape or geometry, even with changes in temperature.
  • the hardness of a material or the change in the hardness of a material as a function of temperature is a measure of the dimensional stability.
  • Chemical resistance or corrosion resistance (DIN EN ISO 8044: 1999 Corrosion) is generally understood to mean that the material is resistant to
  • Sealing element does not lose its sealing properties during operation and the spark plug has a longer life.
  • the spark plug receives heat from the combustion chamber, the primary heat dissipation for cooling the center electrode and the insulator of the spark plug takes place via the sealing element arranged between the insulator and the cooled housing.
  • a sealing element made of a material having a poor thermal conductivity can change the thermal behavior of the spark plug in an undesirable manner.
  • Sealing element of the spark plug consists of a material, wherein the material has as many of the desired material properties.
  • At least one sealing element consists of an at least ternary alloy and the alloy contains copper (Cu) as the main constituent, there is the advantage that that the alloy has the desired material properties of copper, such as good ductility, good thermal conductivity and / or
  • the alloy has a Cu content of not less than 40% by weight.
  • the Cu content is not less than 47% by weight.
  • the Cu content in the alloy is not greater than 70% by weight.
  • the Cu content is not greater than 64% by weight.
  • the alloy contains nickel (Ni).
  • the Ni content in the alloy is not less than 7% by weight, especially not less than 10% by weight. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that the Ni content in the alloy is not greater than 30% by weight, in particular not greater than 26% by weight or not greater than 25% by weight. The incorporation of nickel into the alloy improves the corrosion resistance and strength of the alloy.
  • the alloy contains zinc (Zn).
  • the Zn content of the alloy is advantageously not less than 10% by weight and / or not greater than 50% by weight. Particularly advantageous is a Zn content in the alloy of not less than 15% by weight and / or not greater than 42% by weight.
  • the addition of zinc into the alloy increases the strength or hardness of the alloy. At the same time, the material costs of the alloy are lowered by the Zn content.
  • Alloy has a higher corrosion resistance and better ductility or better elasticity than jet and a higher strength or a higher hardness than pure copper. Especially due to the higher corrosion resistance, the alloy is well suited for use in the spark plug because the alloy is high
  • Material properties of the alloys are spatially constant.
  • the alloy may contain other elements such as lead (Pb), iron (Fe) and / or manganese (Mn).
  • the amount of lead in the alloy is typically up to 2.5% by weight.
  • the lead improves the workability of the alloy, e.g. when turning, milling, drilling or other machining techniques according to DIN 8589-0 to DIN 8589-17.
  • the addition of manganese to the alloy reduces the annealing fragility of the alloy, i. the inclination of the material at high
  • the proportion of manganese in the alloy is, for example, up to 0.7% by weight.
  • the Cu content in the alloy is not less than 75% by weight. In particular, the Cu content is not less than 98% by weight. Additionally or alternatively, it can be advantageously provided that the alloy contains chromium (Cr), wherein in particular the proportion of Cr in the alloy is not less than 0.2 wt.%. Additionally or alternatively, it may also be provided that the Cr content in the alloy is not greater than 1% by weight, in particular not greater than 0.6% by weight. Additionally or alternatively, it can be advantageously provided that the alloy contains titanium (Ti), wherein in particular the proportion of Ti in the alloy not less than 0.05 wt.%.
  • Cr chromium
  • Ti titanium
  • the Ti content in the alloy is not greater than 0.15% by weight, in particular not greater than 0.1% by weight. Additionally or alternatively, it can be advantageously provided that the alloy contains silicon (Si), wherein in particular the proportion of Si in the alloy is not less than 0.01% by weight or in particular not less than 0.02% by weight , Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the Si content in the alloy is not greater than 0.05% by weight, in particular not greater than 0.03% by weight.
  • Si silicon
  • the alloy may contain other elements, such as silver (Ag) and / or iron (Fe).
  • the Ag content in the alloy is not greater than 0.3% by weight.
  • the Fe content in the alloy is less than 0.1% by weight.
  • Quantity ratios to copper results in the technical effect that the Cu alloy has a higher hardness or strength than pure copper.
  • the dimensional stability of the alloy is better than that of pure copper.
  • the alloy in particular according to the first and the second aspect, may also contain a certain proportion of impurities, for example further elements or oxides.
  • impurities or the oxides are not specifically added to the alloy, but are due to the element recovery processes, the
  • the alloy has, for example, according to the first and the second
  • the thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ of the alloy is not smaller than 15 * 10 -6 1 / K and / or not larger than 20 * 10 -6 1 / K.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion is in the range of 17 * 10 "6 1 / K to 18 * 10 " 6 1 / K.
  • the thermal conductivity of the alloy should not be less than 30 W / mK. Ideally, the thermal conductivity of the alloy, for example, according to the second development, at least 300 W / mK.
  • the hardness of the alloy is not less than 80 HV and / or not greater than 260 HV, the hardness test being carried out according to Vickers.
  • the hardness of the alloy according to the first development is in the range of 85 to 250 HV, the boundaries to the region being included.
  • the hardness of the alloy according to the second development can be, for example, in the range of 120 to 190 HV.
  • the hardness of the alloy for example according to the first and the second development, for temperatures up to 550 ° C is not reduced by more than 30%, with the hardness of the alloy at room temperature serves as the starting value and the alloy is a maximum of 30 min the temperature of up to 550 ° C has.
  • the hardness is reduced by a maximum of 22% under the conditions mentioned above.
  • the existing of the alloy sealing element is annular. It can have a round or a polygonal cross-section. In a round cross-section is the
  • Diameter of the cross section not smaller than 0.4 mm and / or not larger than 2.0 mm.
  • the diameter of the cross section is not greater than 1.5 mm.
  • the sealing element has a height not smaller than 0.4 mm and / or larger than 2.0 mm.
  • the width of the cross section results from half the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the
  • the width is, for example, in the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm.
  • the spark plug has a housing and an insulator arranged in the housing.
  • the sealing element is arranged from the at least ternary alloy between the insulator and the housing. It is particularly advantageous if the sealing element is arranged at the combustion chamber end of the spark plug between the insulator and the housing.
  • the housing has on its inside, in particular in a combustion chamber facing portion of the housing, a shoulder, i. a reduction of the inner radius. On this shoulder, also called insulator seat, the insulator rests on.
  • at least one sealing element is arranged between insulator and insulator seat of the housing.
  • the outer sealing element i. the sealing element, which seals the transition between the spark plug housing and the spark plug shaft or engine block, consists of the at least ternary alloy.
  • the outer sealing element is typically designed as a folding seal.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a spark plug according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows an alternative cross section of the inner seal. Description of the embodiment
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a spark plug 1 which comprises a housing 3, an insulator 2 arranged in the housing 3, a center electrode 8 arranged in the insulator 2 and a ground electrode 9 arranged on the housing 3.
  • the center electrode 8 and earth electrode 9 are arranged to each other so that between their
  • the ground electrode 9 and / or the center electrode 8 may have wearing surfaces of a corrosion-resistant and / or erosion-resistant metal, for example of a noble metal, such as Pt, Pd, Ir, Re and / or Rh, or a noble metal alloy at their combustion chamber ends.
  • a noble metal such as Pt, Pd, Ir, Re and / or Rh
  • a contact pin 4 is arranged in the insulator 2, via which the spark plug 1 is contacted with an ignition coil, not shown here.
  • the electrical contact between the contact pin 4 and center electrode 8 is produced by a resistance element, also called panate. As shown in this embodiment, that can
  • Resistive element layer for example, be composed of two Druckpanaten 5.7 and a mecanicspanat 6.
  • the three layers 5, 6, 7 differ in their material composition and by the material composition
  • the twomaschinepanate 5, 7 may consist of different or the same materials.
  • the two Kunststoffpanate 5, 7 may consist of different or the same materials.
  • Contact pin 4 and center electrode 8 seals the resistance element 5, 6, 7 and the insulator - center electrode - contact pin transitions against the combustion chamber gases.
  • the housing spark plug hole transition is sealed by an outer seal
  • Seal 10 for example, a folding seal.
  • the housing 3 has a thread, wherein the thread is arranged closer to the combustion chamber than the outer seal 10.
  • the threaded portion of the housing 3 is referred to as the combustion chamber side end of the housing.
  • the remaining housing, which faces away from the combustion chamber, is referred to as the end of the housing facing away from the combustion chamber.
  • a first inner seal 11 is in the region of
  • combustion chamber side end of the housing in particular arranged closer to the combustion chamber than the outer seal 10.
  • the outer seal 10 is located closer to the combustion chamber than a second inner seal 12.
  • the second inner seal 12 is in the range the combustion chamber facing away from the end of the housing, in particular in the region of a hexagon for mounting the spark plug.
  • first inner seal 11 and the second inner seal 12 further inner seals may be provided in the insulator-housing transition.
  • the first inner seal 11 is arranged in the region of the combustion chamber end of the spark plug 1 between the insulator 2 and the housing 3, in particular in the region of the foot of the insulator.
  • the housing 3 for example, on its inside of its combustion chamber end end end a shoulder 13, also called insulator seat, have, i. a local reduction of the housing inner diameter, which serves as a bearing surface for the first inner seal 11.
  • the shoulder 13 on the inside of the housing is also formed in the region of the combustion chamber-side end of the housing, in particular arranged closer to the combustion chamber than the outer seal 10.
  • the annular, inner seals 11 may have a round cross-section. The diameter of the cross section of the inner seal 11 is in the range of 0.4 to 2 mm.
  • the annular, inner seals 11 may also have a polygonal, for example quadrangular, cross-section.
  • the cross section of the inner seal 11 have a height h in the range of 0.4 to 2 mm and / or a width b of 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • Seals 11, 12 have the same or a different cross-section.
  • At least one of the inner seals 11, 12 and / or the outer seal 10 is made of the at least ternary alloy, the alloy containing Cu as the main constituent.
  • the alloy may contain 47-64% by weight copper, 10-25% by weight nickel, 15-42% by weight zinc and up to 5% by weight also lead, iron and / or manganese.
  • the three main constituents of an example alloy A of the first development are 18% by weight nickel, 20% by weight zinc and copper as the remainder.
  • the hardness of this example alloy is in the range of 85-230 HV.
  • the hardness of the alloy is reduced up to 550 ° C for up to 30 minutes by a maximum of 15%.
  • the Young's modulus is 135 GPa while the lower limit of the breaking elongation A is in the range of 3% to 27%.
  • Example Alloy A The coefficient of thermal expansion of Example Alloy A is 17.7 * 10 "6 1 / K and the thermal conductivity is 33 W / mK.
  • An example alloy B of the first development consists of 18% by weight of nickel, 27% by weight of zinc and copper as the remainder.
  • the hardness of this example alloy is in the range of 90-250 HV.
  • the hardness of the alloy is reduced by up to 21% for up to 30 minutes at up to 550 ° C.
  • the modulus of elasticity is 135 GPa while the lower limit of the breaking elongation A is at least in the range of 1% to 30%.
  • Example Alloy B The coefficient of thermal expansion of Example Alloy B is 17.7 * 10 "6 1 / K and the thermal conductivity is 32 W / mK.
  • the alloys according to the second development contain at least 95% by weight of copper and at least two elements from the group consisting of chromium, titanium, silicon, silver and iron, with no element from the above-mentioned group having a greater individual fraction than 0.6% by weight in the Alloy has.
  • Example alloy C of the second embodiment consists of 0.5% by weight of chromium, 0.2% by weight of silver, 0.08% by weight of iron, 0.06% by weight of titanium, 0.03% by weight of silicon and copper the remainder.
  • the hardness of this example alloy is in the range of 140-190 HV.
  • the hardness of the alloy is reduced by up to 15% at up to 550 ° C for up to 30 minutes.
  • the Young's modulus is 140 GPa while the lower limit of the breaking elongation A is at least in the range of 2% to 7%.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the example alloy C is 17.6 ⁇ 10 "6 1 / K and the thermal conductivity is 320 W / mK.
  • Example alloy D of the second embodiment consists of 0.3% by weight of chromium, 0.1% by weight of titanium, 0.02% by weight of silicon and copper as the remainder.
  • the hardness of this example alloy is in the range of 120-190 HV.
  • the hardness of the alloy is reduced by up to 20% at up to 550 ° C for up to 30 minutes.
  • the Young's modulus is 138 GPa while the lower limit of the breaking elongation A is at least in the range of 2% to 8%.
  • Coefficient of thermal expansion of the sample alloy D is 18.0 * 10 "6 1 / K and the thermal conductivity is 310 W / mK.
  • impurities such as other elements or oxides, the sample alloys listed above may also be included.
  • the impurities or the oxides are not targeted to the alloy but are unavoidable, for example, due to the element recovery processes, the manufacturing process of the alloy and / or the storage conditions.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie d'allumage comprenant un boîtier, un isolateur disposé dans le boîtier, une électrode centrale disposée dans l'isolateur, une électrode de masse disposée sur le boîtier et au moins un élément d'étanchéité, l'élément ou les éléments d'étanchéité étant disposés sur le boîtier, en particulier entre l'isolateur et le boîtier. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'élément ou les éléments d'étanchéité sont constitués d'un alliage au moins ternaire, l'alliage contenant du cuivre (Cu) comme composant principal.
PCT/EP2015/065320 2014-08-27 2015-07-06 Bougie d'allumage comprenant un joint fait d'un alliage au moins ternaire Ceased WO2016030064A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15756561.5A EP3186860A1 (fr) 2014-08-27 2015-07-06 Bougie d'allumage comprenant un joint fait d'un alliage au moins ternaire
US15/327,151 US9819156B2 (en) 2014-08-27 2015-07-06 Spark plug having a seal made of an at least ternary alloy
CN201580045699.6A CN106575856B (zh) 2014-08-27 2015-07-06 具有由至少三元的合金制成的密封部的火花塞

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014217084.2 2014-08-27
DE102014217084.2A DE102014217084B4 (de) 2014-08-27 2014-08-27 Zündkerze mit Dichtung aus einer mindestens ternären Legierung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016030064A1 true WO2016030064A1 (fr) 2016-03-03

Family

ID=54012155

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2015/065320 Ceased WO2016030064A1 (fr) 2014-08-27 2015-07-06 Bougie d'allumage comprenant un joint fait d'un alliage au moins ternaire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9819156B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3186860A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN106575856B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014217084B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016030064A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017221171A1 (de) * 2017-11-27 2019-05-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerzen-Außendichtung mit positiver Wärmeleitfähigkeit
KR102565415B1 (ko) * 2018-02-21 2023-08-09 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 표시 장치
DE102019203803A1 (de) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerzengehäuse mit galvanischer Nickel- und Zink-haltiger Schutzschicht und einer Silizium-haltigen Versiegelungsschicht, sowie eine Zündkerze mit diesem Gehäuse und Herstellungsverfahren für dieses Gehäuse
JP7205333B2 (ja) 2019-03-21 2023-01-17 株式会社デンソー スパークプラグ及びその製造方法
CN119162485A (zh) * 2023-06-19 2024-12-20 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 一种含铑的铜合金及其制备方法与应用

Citations (2)

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US20060066196A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug
US20060284535A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-12-21 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug having combustion pressure detecting function

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US3407050A (en) * 1965-05-04 1968-10-22 Trapp Gloria Worthington Duplex nickel material
JP2780322B2 (ja) * 1989-04-04 1998-07-30 日立電線株式会社 メタルガスケット
JPH08941B2 (ja) * 1992-03-31 1996-01-10 大同メタル工業株式会社 耐摩耗性摺動合金、摺動部材およびその製造方法
JP3465108B2 (ja) * 2000-05-25 2003-11-10 株式会社神戸製鋼所 電気・電子部品用銅合金
JP2005197206A (ja) 2003-12-10 2005-07-21 Denso Corp スパークプラグ
CN201318242Y (zh) 2008-12-17 2009-09-30 东风汽车有限公司 一种火花塞隔套
JP4625531B1 (ja) 2009-09-02 2011-02-02 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
EP2876752B1 (fr) 2012-07-17 2020-08-19 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie d'allumage

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060066196A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug
US20060284535A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-12-21 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug having combustion pressure detecting function

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
GEOFF GREETHAM: "Innovations: Phosphor Bronze: Teaching an Old Dog New Tricks", 18 November 2013 (2013-11-18), XP055224211, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://web.archive.org/web/20131118083009/http://www.copper.org/publications/newsletters/innovations/2001/06/phosphor_bronze.html> [retrieved on 20151028] *
See also references of EP3186860A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106575856A (zh) 2017-04-19
EP3186860A1 (fr) 2017-07-05
US20170179688A1 (en) 2017-06-22
US9819156B2 (en) 2017-11-14
CN106575856B (zh) 2019-03-22
DE102014217084B4 (de) 2024-02-01
DE102014217084A1 (de) 2016-03-03

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