WO2016019558A1 - Combined machine for harvesting stubbles and preparing soil - Google Patents

Abstract

A combined machine for harvesting stubbles and preparing soil comprises a machine frame (3), a suspension frame (1) and supporting travelling wheels (8). Multiple oblique adjustable digging shovels (4) are disposed on the front end of the machine frame (3) and are used for cutting stubbles of crops. Two bar-type stubble gathering mechanisms (6) are symmetrically disposed at the front part of the machine frame (3), and are used for collecting and pushing the stubbles to a picking and throwing mechanism (7). The picking and throwing mechanism (7) is disposed on the machine frame (3), and is used for picking up and throwing the stubbles into a chain conveying mechanism (10). The chain conveying mechanism (10) is obliquely fixed on the machine frame (3), and is used for conveying the stubbles of the crops to entruck the stubbles. A rotary tillage mechanism (11) is located at the back of the chain conveying mechanism (10), and is used for carrying out rotary tillage on the field. Multiple furrow openers (12) are all disposed on a rear cross beam of the machine frame (3). The combined machine has the advantages: the combined machine integrates functions of digging, picking up, conveying and entrucking stubbles as well as rotary tillage and ridging in one machine, can dig, collect, pick up, convey and entrucking stubbles of corn, sorghum and other crops, and can ensure that biomass resources of the crops are fully utilized, and at the same time, can implement the work of plowing and ditching; the combined machine has a compact structure, provides multiple functions on one machine, and has high efficiency.

Description

 Root harvesting and land preparation combined machine

 The invention relates to an agricultural machine, in particular to a root lane harvesting and land preparation working machine. Say

Background technique

 After the autumn harvest, due to the residual roots remaining in the farmland after harvesting of deep root crops such as corn and sorghum, the method of manual cleaning or whole plant returning machine is prone to clearing difficulties, low efficiency, low completeness rate, and leakage and excavation. After the removal, the seeding production cannot be continued due to the poor flatness of the surface. At present, the commonly used land preparation machinery includes a mites soil preparation machine and a split root hoe harvester, wherein the hoe hoe preparation machine is a crop root.

 Book

The crucible is buried in the ground, so that the root resources can not be reused, resulting in waste of crop biomass resources. However, the operation of the split root harvester has complicated replacement, time-consuming and laborious problems, and it is impossible to use a multi-purpose machine. low efficiency. Summary of the invention

 The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a root harvesting and land preparation working machine integrating root excavation, picking, transport loading, rotary tilling and ploughing, which can corn, The roots of sorghum and other crops are excavated, collected, picked up and transported to ensure the full utilization of crop biomass resources. At the same time, the land reclamation and trenching operations are completed, the structure is compact, the machine is multi-purpose, and the work efficiency is high.

 The invention relates to a root harvesting and land preparation working machine, which comprises a frame and a suspension frame arranged at the front end of the frame, and a supporting walking wheel is symmetrically mounted on the frame.

A plurality of offset adjustable digging shovel are arranged on the front cross member at the front end of the frame for cutting the crop roots; two grid-type root concentrating mechanisms are symmetrically placed obliquely at the front of the frame for collecting roots Push and push to the rear of the pick and drop mechanism; The pick-and-drop mechanism is disposed on the frame and located behind the exit of the grid-type root concentrating mechanism, and is used for picking up the crop roots and throwing them to the rear chain conveying mechanism;

 The chain conveying mechanism is obliquely fixed on the frame and located behind the pick-and-place feeding mechanism for conveying the crop roots to the outside of the rack for loading;

 a rotary tilling mechanism, which is horizontally disposed on the frame and located behind the chain conveying mechanism, and is used for rotary tilling the field after the hoeing;

 A plurality of openers are evenly distributed on the rear cross member of the frame for trenching the fields after the rotary tillage for subsequent seeding.

 Preferably, a plurality of root slabs are fixedly arranged between the pick-and-drop mechanism and the chain transport mechanism on the frame, and the upper end surface of the root slab is inclined downward from front to back so as to fall thereon. The root can automatically roll onto the chain conveyor.

 Preferably, the offset adjustable digging shovel comprises an adjusting square tube fixed on the front cross beam by a u-shaped clamp, inserted in the adjusting square tube and fixed with a shovel handle welding member by bolts, and welded at the shovel handle A blade is fixed to the lower end of the piece.

 Preferably, the grid-type root concentrating mechanism comprises a grid bar plate fixedly mounted on the frame, and a plurality of curved grid bars are arranged uniformly on the grid bar plate, and each of the curved grid bars is arranged The upper end is u-shaped and fixed on the grid bar by a grid press plate. Each arc bar has different curvatures and is used to form a continuous root transport curve.

 Preferably, the pick-and-place feeding mechanism comprises a roller welding member welded with a shaft head at both ends, and the bearing heads of the two ends of the roller welding member are respectively mounted by bearings, and the bearing seats at both ends of the roller welding member They are respectively fixed on the frame by a support, and the shaft end of one end of the roller welding member is connected with a first hydraulic motor through a coupling, and a plurality of rows are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the roller welding member, and each row is axially A plurality of picking and throwing elastic teeth are arranged, and each of the picking and transferring elastic teeth is fixed on the roller welding member by a pressing plate.

Preferably, the chain conveying mechanism comprises a mounting bracket, and a rotatable driving shaft and a driven shaft are respectively mounted on the two ends of the mounting bracket through the bearing seat, and one end of the driving shaft is connected to the second hydraulic motor through the coupling, and is active A pair of sprockets are symmetrically mounted on the shaft and the driven shaft in the mounting bracket, in two pairs An endless transfer chain is mounted between the sprocket wheels, and a plurality of pairs of rotatable vibrating cams are uniformly disposed between the upper and lower layers of the transfer chain on the mounting frame.

 Preferably, the rotary tilling mechanism comprises a rotary tilling shaft, and the bearing seats at both ends of the rotary tilling shaft are respectively fixed on the frame by the rotary tilling support, and one end of the rotary tilling shaft is connected to the third hydraulic motor through the coupling, A plurality of rotary cutter discs are uniformly arranged on the rotary tiller shaft.

 Preferably, the opener is a rake opener and an adjustment locking device is provided at a lower end thereof to adjust an angle of the plow wall on both sides of the rake to adjust the width of the ditch.

 Preferably, the supporting traveling wheel is mounted on the frame by a height adjusting device for adjusting the upper and lower positions of the supporting traveling wheel, so as to facilitate transportation and adjustment of excavation and trenching depth.

 Preferably, a scale is engraved on the shovel handle of the shovel handle to accurately adjust the digging depth. The invention has the advantages of: excavating, collecting, picking up and transporting the roots of crops such as corn and sorghum, and adopting the whole picking, can realize the rootlessness, ensure the full utilization of the crop biomass resources, and benefit the resources. Recycling and recycling; At the same time, the grounding and trenching operations can be completed. After the operation, the surface is smooth and soft, compact, and multi-purpose, saving time and effort and high work efficiency. DRAWINGS

 Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

 Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1.

 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the offset adjustable digging shovel of the present invention.

 4 is a schematic structural view of a grid-type root concentrating mechanism of the present invention.

 Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pick and place mechanism of the present invention.

 Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the chain conveying mechanism of the present invention.

 Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the rotary tilling mechanism of the present invention.

 Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the opener of the present invention.

 Figure 9 is a plan view of Figure 8.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Fig. 2; In the figure: hanger 1, U-clamp 2, frame 3, front beam 301, rear beam 302, offset adjustable digging shovel 4, connecting frame 5, grid-type root concentrating mechanism 6, pick-and-drop mechanism 7 Supporting walking wheel 8, mounting frame 9, chain conveying mechanism 10, rotary tilling mechanism 11, opener 12, U-shaped clamp 13, rotary tiller 14, second hydraulic motor 15, bracket 16, root conveyor plate 17 , support 18, bracket 19, first hydraulic motor 20, bracket 21, third hydraulic motor 22, adjustment square tube 23, shovel handle 24, blade 25, grid bracket 26, curved grid 27 , grid bar clamp 28, bearing block 29, roller weldment 30, pick and throw spring teeth 31, pressure plate 32, bearing block 33, sprocket 34, transfer chain 35, vibration cam 36, drive shaft 37, driven shaft 38, chock 39, rotary tiller 40, rotary tiller 41, rotary tiller 42, plow 43, plough 44, plow wall 45, square sleeve 46, pin 47, connecting plate 48, support plate 49, The support plate 50, the adjustment plate 51, the adjustment hand wheel 52, the circlip 53, the support base 54, the adjustment screw 55, the adjustment nut 56, the connection plate welding member 57, the riser 58, the support sleeve 59, and the axle 60. detailed description

 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the present invention relates to a root-harvesting and leveling joint working machine, which comprises a frame 3, and a suspension frame 1 is fixed at a front end of the frame 3 by bolts, and is symmetric on both sides of the frame 3. A support traveling wheel 8 is mounted, and a plurality of offset adjustable digging shovel 4 are fixed on the front cross member 301 at the front end of the frame 3 for cutting the crop root. As a non-limiting preference, the embodiment has four partial deviations. Take the adjustable digging shovel 4 as an example.

Two oblique connecting brackets 5 are symmetrically welded to the front of the frame 3, and two grid-type root concentrating mechanisms 6 are symmetrically fixed on the connecting frame 5 for collecting and pushing the roots and pushing them to the rear. Mechanism 7; behind the exit of the two grid-type root concentrating mechanism 6 on the frame 3 is mounted a pick-and-place mechanism 7 for picking up the crop roots and throwing it to the rear chain transport mechanism 10; The conveying mechanism 10 is obliquely fixed on the frame 3 and located behind the pick-and-place mechanism 7. The chain conveying mechanism 10 extends from the inside of the frame 3 to the side of the frame 3 and gradually slopes upward to facilitate the transportation of the crop roots. To the outside of the rack 3 for loading. A rotary tiller 11 is disposed on the frame 3 in the lateral direction of the rear side of the chain transport mechanism 10 for rotary tilling the field after the rafting. Uniform on the rear cross member 302 of the frame 3 A plurality of openers 12 are fixed. In this embodiment, four are used as examples for trenching the field after rotary tillage for subsequent seeding.

 As shown in FIG. 3, the offset adjustable digging shovel 4 includes an adjusting square tube 23 fixed to the front cross member 301 by four sets of U-shaped jigs 2, inserted in the adjusting square tube 23 and fixed by a bolt. The shank welding member 24 is fixed with a biasing blade 25 at a lower end of the shovel handle welding member 24 by bolts. A scale is engraved on the shovel handle of the shovel handle 24 to accurately adjust the digging depth.

 As shown in FIG. 4, the grid-type root concentrating mechanism 6 includes a grid bar 26 fixed to the connecting frame 5 by bolts, and a plurality of curved grating bars 27 are evenly arranged on the grating bar 26 The upper end of each of the curved grid bars 27 is U-shaped and is fixed to the grid bar plate 26 by bolts through a grid bar pressing plate 28. Each of the arc-shaped grid bars 27 has different curvatures for forming a continuous root conveyor. A curve is provided to convey the root raft to the pick and place mechanism 7.

 As shown in FIG. 5, the pick-and-place mechanism 7 includes a roller welding member 30 on which both ends are respectively welded with a shaft head, and the bearing heads 29 are respectively mounted on the shaft ends of the roller welding members 30 through bearings, and the roller welding is performed. The bearing seats 29 at both ends of the fitting 30 are respectively fixed to a support 18 by bolts, and the support 18 is welded to the frame 3, and the shaft end of the roller welding member 30 passes through the bearing housing 29 and passes through the coupling. A first hydraulic motor 20 is connected, and the housing of the first hydraulic motor 20 is fixed to the support 18 on the same side by a bracket 19 and a bolt. A plurality of rows of U-shaped pick-and-place elastic teeth 31 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the roller welding member 30. In this embodiment, eight rows of pick-and-place spring teeth 31 are taken as an example. Each of the pick-up throwing spring teeth 31 is fixed to the drum weld 30 by a pressure plate 32 and a bolt.

As shown in FIG. 6, the chain conveying mechanism 10 includes a mounting bracket 9 welded to the frame 3. The mounting bracket 9 extends from the inside of the frame 3 to the side of the frame 3 and is gradually inclined upward. The end is respectively mounted with a rotatable driving shaft 37 and a driven shaft 38 through a bearing housing 33 and a bearing, and one end of the driving shaft 37 is connected to the second hydraulic motor 15 through a coupling, and the housing of the second hydraulic motor 15 is fixed by a bracket 16 On the mounting frame 9, a pair of sprockets 34 are symmetrically mounted on the drive shaft 37 and the driven shaft 38 in the mounting bracket 9, and an endless transfer chain 35 is mounted between the two pairs of sprockets 34. A plurality of pairs of rotatable vibration cams 36 are uniformly disposed between the upper and lower layers of the transport link 35, Separate the soil carried by the roots.

 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a plurality of root transporting plates 17 are fixedly arranged between the pick-and-drop mechanism 7 and the chain transport mechanism 10 on the frame 3, and the number of the root transporting plates 17 is higher than that of each row. The number of the feeding teeth 31 is one more, the root conveying plate 17 is wedge-shaped, and the rear end is welded to the mounting frame 9 of the chain conveying mechanism 10, and the front end extends above the roller welding member 30, and the picking and throwing When the feeding mechanism 7 rotates, each of the pick-up and throwing elastic teeth 31 passes between the adjacent two root conveying plates 17, and the upper end surface of the root conveying plate 17 is inclined downward from the front to the rear so as to fall thereon. The root can automatically roll onto the chain transport mechanism 10.

 As shown in FIG. 7, the rotary tilling mechanism 11 includes a rotary tiller shaft 40. Both ends of the rotary tiller shaft 40 are mounted on the bearing housing 39 via bearings, and the bearing housings 39 are respectively fixed to a rotary tiller by bolts. 14, the rotary tiller 14 is welded to the frame 3, the rotary shaft 40-end is connected to the third hydraulic motor 22 through a coupling, and the casing of the third hydraulic motor 22 is fixed to the same side by a bracket 21. On the cultivating support 14, a plurality of rotary cultivating cutter discs 41 are uniformly welded on the rotary plough shaft 40, and four rotary cultivators 42 are uniformly fixed on each of the rotary cultivating cutter discs 41 in the circumferential direction. 42 is L-shaped and the L-shaped directions of the two adjacent rotary cutters 42 are opposite to increase the rotary tillage area.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the opener 12 is a rake opener and includes a plow 43 fixed to the rear cross member 302 by a U-shaped clamp 13, and a support plate is welded to the lower end of the plow 43. 50, the plough 44 is fixed on the support plate 50 by bolts, and the plough wall 45 is respectively hinged on the rear edges of the ploughs 44, and an adjustment locking device is arranged between the two plough walls 45 to adjust the ploughs on both sides of the plough 44 The angle of the wall 45 adjusts the width of the groove. The adjusting locking device comprises a supporting plate frame 49 symmetrically fixed on the inner surface of the plow wall 45, and a connecting plate 48 is respectively hinged on the supporting plate frame 49, and is disposed between the free end of the two connecting plates 48 and the plow 43 There are telescopic adjustment plates. The telescopic adjusting plate is formed by two adjusting plates 51 which are offset by overlapping, and a square sleeve 46 which is set at the overlapping portion of the two adjusting plates 51. The plurality of adjusting plates 51 are provided on the two adjusting plates 51. Adjust the hole to adjust the length of the telescopic adjustment plate. One end of the telescopic adjustment plate is welded to the plow 43 and the other end is hinged to the free end of the two connecting plates 48 via a pin 47. As shown in FIG. 10, the supporting traveling wheel 8 is mounted on the frame 3 by a height adjusting device for adjusting the up and down position of the supporting traveling wheel 8, so as to facilitate transportation and adjustment of excavation and trenching depth. The height adjusting device includes a riser 58. The axle 60 supporting the traveling wheel 8 is fixed to the lower end of the riser 58. The upper end of the riser 58 is welded with an adjusting nut 56, and the adjusting nut 56 is provided with an adjusting screw 55. The adjusting screw 55 is passed through a support seat 54 welded to the frame 3 and is provided with a bearing between the adjusting screw 55 and the support base 54. On the adjusting screw 55, a circlip is arranged at the upper end of the support base 54. An adjustment hand wheel 52 is fixed to the upper end of the adjustment screw 55, and a support sleeve 59 is sleeved on the outside of the riser 58. The support sleeve 59 is welded to the frame 3 by a joint plate welding member 57.

 In use, the root harvesting and land preparation working machine is connected to the tractor through the suspension frame 1 and is pulled by the tractor. During the forward process, the crop roots are cut by the offset adjustable digging shovel 4, and the roots are cut off. It is pushed to the pick-and-place mechanism 7 via the curved gate 27 of the grid-type root concentrating mechanism 6, and is then thrown to the chain transport mechanism 10 via the root transport plate 17 by the pick-and-place transfer spring 31 of the pick-and-drop mechanism 7. Then, the screen soil is conveyed by the vibration cam 36 of the chain conveying mechanism 10 and transported by the vehicle. Finally, the field after the hoeing is rotated by the rotary cutter 42 of the rotary tilling mechanism 11 and rotated through the opener 12 Ditch waiting for subsequent planting.

 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments, and are fully applicable to various fields suitable for the present invention, and are easily accessible to those skilled in the art. The invention is not limited to the specific details and the details shown and described herein, without departing from the scope of the appended claims. Industrial Applicability The present invention is capable of excavating, collecting, picking up, and transporting crops such as corn and sorghum, and adopting the whole picking, which can realize the rootlessness, ensure the full utilization of crop biomass resources, and has a good effect. Industrial applicability.

Claims

PCT1411 Quanhe ij request 1. A root-harvesting and leveling joint working machine, comprising a frame and a suspension frame arranged at the front end of the frame, wherein the support traveling wheel is symmetrically mounted on the frame, and the feature is:  A plurality of offset adjustable digging shovel are arranged on the front cross member at the front end of the frame for cutting the crop roots; two grid-type root concentrating mechanisms are symmetrically placed obliquely at the front of the frame for collecting roots Push and push to the rear of the pick and drop mechanism;  The pick-and-drop mechanism is disposed on the frame and located behind the exit of the grid-type root concentrating mechanism, and is used for picking up the crop roots and throwing them to the rear chain conveying mechanism;  The chain conveying mechanism is obliquely fixed on the frame and located behind the pick-and-place feeding mechanism for conveying the crop roots to the outside of the rack for loading;  a rotary tilling mechanism, which is horizontally disposed on the frame and located behind the chain conveying mechanism, and is used for rotary tilling the field after the hoeing;  A plurality of openers are evenly distributed on the rear cross member of the frame for trenching the fields after the rotary tillage for subsequent seeding.  2 . The root hoe harvesting and land preparation working machine according to claim 1 , wherein: a plurality of raft conveying plates are fixedly arranged between the picking and feeding mechanism and the chain conveying mechanism on the frame, and the root slab conveying plate is arranged. The upper end surface is inclined downward from front to back so that the root sill that falls thereon can be automatically rolled onto the chain conveying mechanism.  3. The root hoe harvesting and leveling combined working machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the offset adjustable digging shovel comprises an adjusting square tube fixed to the front beam by a U-shaped clamp, and is adjusted The square tube is inserted and bolted with a shovel handle, and a blade is fixed at the lower end of the stalk weld. 4. The root hoe harvesting and leveling combined working machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the grid-type root concentrating mechanism comprises a grid bar bracket fixedly mounted on the frame, at the grid bar support A plurality of curved grid bars are arranged on the board uniformly, and each of the curved grid rods is U-shaped at the upper end and fixed by a grid rod pressing plate On the grid bar, each arc of the curved bar has a different curvature and is used to form a continuous root transport curve. The root hoe harvesting and land preparation working machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the picking and feeding mechanism comprises a roller welding member welded with a shaft head at both ends, and the two ends of the roller welding member A bearing seat is respectively mounted on the shaft head through the bearing, and the bearing seat at both ends of the roller welding component is respectively fixed on the frame by a support, and the shaft head of one end of the roller welding component is connected with the first hydraulic motor through the coupling, The drum welding member is uniformly arranged in a plurality of rows in the circumferential direction, and each row is uniformly distributed with a plurality of picking and transferring elastic teeth in the axial direction, and each of the picking and feeding elastic teeth is fixed on the roller welding member through the pressing plate.  The root hoe harvesting and land preparation working machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the chain conveying mechanism comprises a mounting bracket, and a rotatable driving shaft and a bearing shaft are respectively mounted on the two ends of the mounting bracket; The driven shaft, one end of the driving shaft is connected to the second hydraulic motor through the coupling, and a pair of sprockets are symmetrically mounted in the mounting frame on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and a circular transmission chain rod is installed between the two pairs of sprockets A plurality of pairs of rotatable vibrating cams are uniformly disposed on the mounting frame between the upper and lower layers of the transport chain.  7. The root hoe harvesting and land preparation working machine according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary tilling mechanism comprises a rotary tilling shaft, and the bearing seats at both ends of the rotary tilling shaft are respectively fixed to the frame by the rotary tiller support Above, one end of the rotary tiller shaft is connected to the third hydraulic motor through a coupling, and a plurality of rotary cutter discs are uniformly arranged on the rotary tiller shaft.  The root hoe harvesting and leveling combined working machine according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: said opener is a rake opener and an adjustment locking device is arranged at a lower end thereof to adjust both sides of the plough The angle of the plow wall to adjust the width of the ditch.  9. The root hoe harvesting and leveling combined working machine according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting traveling wheel is mounted on the frame by a height adjusting device, and is configured to realize an adjustable upper and lower position of the supporting traveling wheel, so as to facilitate Transport and adjust the depth of digging and trenching.  10. The root hoe harvesting and leveling combined working machine according to claim 3, wherein: the shovel handle of the shovel handle is engraved with a scale to accurately adjust the digging depth.