Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
  • G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
  • G09B19/04—Speaking
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
  • G09B21/00—Teaching, or communicating with, the blind, deaf or mute

Definitions

• the invention relates to speech therapy and can be used in teaching speaking of non-speaking children with severe articulation difficulties and difficulties of phonemic discrimination.
• Speech perception is an extremely complex phenomenon. Sound waves that carry information about various features of speech sounds are highly diverse and unstable. The characteristics of the same sound can vary depending on the timbre of the interlocutor’s voice, on his emotional state, on the position of the sound in the word (there is a certain sound at the beginning or end of the word).
• timbre of the interlocutor voice
• his emotional state on the position of the sound in the word (there is a certain sound at the beginning or end of the word).
• the sensory theory assumes that the perceived acoustic signal is sequentially processed in the auditory analyzer and compared with the existing standard. When processing a signal, acoustic signs are transformed into auditory sensations, then phonetic signs are extracted from them and a perceptual image is created, including a description of many signs of the signal.
• the process of stimulating speech in non-speaking children is preceded by a diagnostic process, when several aspects are evaluated, including how much the child understands the addressed speech, instructions.
• a known method of stimulating speech in non-speaking children with impaired intelligence including conducting classes in a game mode, presenting visual information and speaking speech material in the form of words and sentences in the form of a dialogue in which the articulation of sound is first formed according to increasing complexity, words, simple sentences and corresponding to the meaning of the lexical structure of the video image.
• RF patent N ° 2120314, application 95100985/14, 01.24.1995 adopted as a prototype.
• the disadvantages of the known methods is their low efficiency, leading to an increase in the time of the process of mastering speech.
• the technical result from the use of the invention is to accelerate the evocation of sounds, the arbitrary pronunciation of sounds and increase the effectiveness of learning to pronounce words by a child.
• a method of stimulating speech in non-speaking children involves sequentially carrying out 3 stages.
• the pronunciation of the phrase is taught using at the same time its rhythmic and melodic structure, gestures, pictures and / or objects representing the whole word;
• devices that make sounds can be used as objects: children's toys, musical instruments, etc.
• Spontaneous pronunciation of sound means the so-called sensorimotor reactions, when a child makes various sounds, “playing” with his articulating apparatus or emotionally accompanying his own actions, but cannot intentionally repeat these sounds after an adult. Free speech we will call the ability to repeat the sound of an adult or play a specific sound as you wish. Difficulties in arbitrary control of your articulation apparatus for pronouncing a series of sounds are a common cause of delayed speech development.
• Speech sounds have certain characteristics (intensity, tension, and duration) that can be reproduced through the movements of the whole body.
• the basis of phonetic rhythm according to the verbotonal method is to reproduce rhythmic movements with predetermined characteristics during the pronunciation of words, sentences, verses. That is, body movements with the characteristics of a particular sound help the child make this sound.
• Music and speech have similar characteristics: speech - rhythm, intonation, tension, pauses and intensity; and music - by rhythm, melody, sound extraction method (staccato-legato), tempo, dynamics.
• the proposed method differs from the model of the verbotonal method, since music is used not only as a method of stimulating speech development, but also as a support (an object that allows one to better stay in any process).
• rhythmic stimulation rhythm malfunctions, pauses, syncopy are used on the example of already familiar material, giving the child space for sound inclusion. All verses and phrases are pronounced on an “emotional attack”, i.e. exaggerating emotion, directing it to the child.
• Support is understood as an object or action of a person that helps the child better navigate and stay in the activity.
• a motivation involves an activating effect that will trigger certain responses of the nervous system.
• the support is a transitional means, over time its use is gradually minimized.
• the support item should be attractive to the child, this can increase the motivation to learn new activities.
• the gesture in many speech acquisition systems (makaton, sign language of the deaf, etc.) is a replacement or partial replacement for sounding speech.
• the gesture does not replace the sound, but is a transitional link between the perceived sound and its motor reproduction.
• the peculiarity of this method is also that the gesture does not mean the whole word, but only the sound.
• the sound received during the game is accompanied by a certain gesture, also related to the game situation in which the sound was called. For example, they launch a ball and show a gesture indicating both the flight of the ball and the sound w. In the future, they constantly use this gesture when pronouncing this sound in words, poems and songs, and gradually encourage the child to repeat this gesture. After some time, a stable relationship is formed between a particular sound and a specific gesture. When a child demonstrates a gesture, he utters a corresponding sound.
• the teacher pronounces a rhythmic phrase several times: “I left my grandmother, I left my grandfather, and I’ll also leave you, hare!” After a few repetitions, the teacher stops at the penultimate syllable and shows a gesture to the sound “D”: “And from you, fox, also go away ... "
• the teacher points to his face (Tanya) with a proactive gesture in front of each word, makes a “throw” gesture (symbolically swing his hand), points to the ball (ball). After the phrase is sung by the child, the teacher throws the ball.
• a teacher shows a child a photograph of a mother drinking juice. Below, under the photograph, the teacher puts out three small cards: mom, drinks (pictogram), juice. By dragging a finger across each of the small cards, the teacher encourages the child to name them sequentially, singing to unite them with the integrity of "mom drinks juice.”

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
• Educational Administration (AREA)
• Educational Technology (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Psychology (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)
• Electrically Operated Instructional Devices (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-07-30 RU RU2014131610/14A patent/RU2557696C1/ru active
• 2015
  • 2015-07-29 WO PCT/RU2015/000478 patent/WO2016018180A2/fr active Application Filing

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