WO2016014009A1

WO2016014009A1 - Drill and set for opening implant socket in the jawbone

Info

Publication number: WO2016014009A1
Application number: PCT/TR2015/050048
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bulent OZCAGATAY
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-07-25
Filing date: 2015-07-23
Publication date: 2016-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2017-01-25

Abstract

When used in conjunction with a guide or surgical lead prepared by means of tomography and 3D software the inventive bone drill and the drill set comprised of these drill bits allows easy placement of implants directly through the gingiva without requirement of any surgical intervention. The characteristics of this system ensure high comfort for both dental surgeons and patients during implant operations.

Description

DRILL AND SET FOR OPENING IMPLANT SOCKET IN THE

JAWBONE

Technical Field:

This invention relates to a new bone drill system which can be used to open implant sockets in the jawbone through the gingiva by means of a guide or surgical lead. Background of the Invention:

In addition to clinical diagnoses and evaluations, a dental surgeon who intends to place an implant also views panoramic and tomographic images, examines models if available, and makes analyses with 3D imaging software, if utilised. The dental surgeon makes the relevant decisions in view of the choice of implant, the placement, position and angle of implant, and anatomical relations of the implant. After these decisions are made the turn comes to open a socket in the patient's jawbone in accord with the intended implant and these theoretical plans. There are two methods for opening implant sockets in bone. The first method involves a surgical incision in the gingiva and drawing the gingiva tissue aside to expose the bone. The second method does not involve surgical action on the gingiva and the implant is placed directly through the gingiva. For example, an implant with a diameter of 4 mm will only require opening a circular window with a 4 mm diameter on the gingiva. The dental surgeon may choose any one of these two methods according to requirements of the case.

In both operation methods the dental surgeon decides the placement, angle and position of the socket to be opened in the bone in accord with the planning of intended implant. In addition, the dental surgeon tries to measure and determine the depth of implant socket due to close proximity of anatomical structures like nerve channels and sinus cavity. There are also multiple methods for determination of this depth. One method involves utilisation of straight drills with markings in various scales. While the drill opens a socket in the jawbone the dental surgeon follows the relation between the bone level and these markings to determine socket depth and decide when to stop drilling. In cases where the view is obstructed due to bleeding, etc. the depth of the socket can be checked by means of scaled control rods. These types of drills are generally used in the operation method where the gingiva are incised by a cutter and drawn aside to expose and work on bone. In case of the operation method involving going through the gingiva the bone level is not visible, and therefore straight drills are not generally preferred for this type of operation. Even if they are used, in this operation method they require very careful measurements. In another method the drill has stopper sections which fix the intended depth. For example, in case the utilised drill is 11 mm in length, the stopper section ensures that only an 1 1 mm deep socket can be drilled, and it would not be possible to go any deeper than 11 mm. These stopper drills can be used in both incision & direct bone contact operation method and directly through gingiva operation method. The success of the implant placed by these methods greatly depends on the knowledge, experience, manual skill and general conduct of the dental surgeon.

Dental surgeon may only rely on his knowledge and experience in opening an implant socket in the bone, or utilise guides and surgical leads in order to increase accuracy. The number of these guides or surgical leads can be 3 or 4 pieces or more according to the intended implant diameter. In the method where the gingiva are incised by a cutter and drawn aside to expose the bone use of guides or surgical leads allow accurate determination of the position and direction of the implant socket with straight drills. Since the guides or surgical leads obstruct the view of bone level during operation the socket depth cannot be accurately determined during operation and can only be determined by the dental surgeon by means of surgical measurements after removal of guides or surgical leads. In view of the number drills and guides/surgical leads involved in such an operation, this kind of procedure causes a great loss of time and effort. On the other hand, there isn't any notable method providing clear results by using stopper drills with guides or surgical leads. Even though there are current methods which involve use of guides or surgical leads with stopper drills, these do not have clearly specified operation standards and do not exactly provide the desired properties.

In the case of opening implant sockets through the gingiva, the depth of the socket cannot be accurately determined whether guides or surgical leads are used or not or extra effort is needed for depth measurement, causing great losses of time, and therefore straight drills are again not used very frequently in this type of operation and mostly stopper drills are preferred. And again, there isn't any notable method providing clear results by using stopper drills with guides or surgical leads to open implant sockets in the bone through the gingiva. Although there are current methods using guides or surgical leads with stopper drills, these do not have clearly specified operation standards and do not exactly provide the desired properties.

According to our research, due to difficulty of controlling all these uncertainties dental surgeons largely prefer to avoid using guides or surgical leads, incising the gingiva with a cutter and exposing the bone and moving on to open sockets and place implants in the jawbone based on their surgical knowledge, skill and success. Of course, implant placement requires long trainings and deep clinical experience. Field of the Invention

Straight or stopper type bone drills are used to open implant sockets in bone in scope of the field of implant operations. These drills are generally planned by implant manufacturers for their own implants, but they can also be used for other implants as long as the parts are compatible. 1) "Straight bone drills" without stopper, used to open implant sockets in the bone by means of open surgery or directly through the gingiva without surgical intervention, without use of any guide or "surgical lead", are excluded.

2) "Straight bone drills" without stopper, used to open implant sockets in the bone by means of open surgery or directly through the gingiva without surgical intervention, involving use of some guide or "surgical lead", are excluded.

3) "Stopper bone drills" used to open implant sockets in the bone by means of open surgery or directly through the gingiva without surgical intervention, without use of any guide or "surgical lead", are excluded.

There are a large number of drills that fall under the scope of the 3 items above.

The inventive bone drill fall in scope of the field of "stopper bone drills" used to open implant sockets in the bone by means of open surgery or directly through the gingiva without surgical intervention, involving use of some guide or "surgical lead".

The inventive stopper bone drill is similar to other stopper bone drills utilised "without use of any guide or surgical lead" and can be used by dental surgeons to open implant sockets in the bone by means of open surgery or directly through the gingiva without surgical intervention without use of any guide or surgical lead if they so desire. However, this only constitutes an advantage provided by the inventive bone drill. The main characteristic of importance of the invention is the fact that when used together with a guide or surgical lead" the properties of the inventive drill ensures that the implant socket in the bone can be opened a) Exactly at the desired position, b) Exactly at the desired angle and c) Exactly at the desired depth, in accord with implant planning. According to our research, state of the art in the field of implant operations do not contain any bone drill which provides specific performance of implant socket drilling in the bone at the exact position, angle and depth determined by implant planning as well as allowing use of guides by means of accurate and definite standards and well defined operation techniques. Therefore the dental surgeon remains responsible for considering and successfully managing all parameters.

Best known methods in the state or art have some problems in operation of drills. One of these involves jacketing the bone drill in a stopper. In this method the bone drill can be controlled in regard of position, angle and depth, but the stopper continues to turn in the guide and the drill continues to turn in the stopper. This in turn causes losses in drill torque and heating in the drill (which are unwanted conditions in the field of implant operations). On the other hand, the bone side tip of the stopper is conical in shape, which can cause instability in the drill when the tip works through the guide or surgical lead and commences first action on the bone. Guides or surgical leads are suitable for the purpose, but these parts are very expensive.

Similarly, there are some other drills which allow attachment of stopper afterwards, but these drills are not suitable for use together with guides or surgical leads. Even though there are some suitable for this purpose (made of plastic or metallic materials) the drill and the stopper section are separate parts. They require attachment, detachment or screwing, which render them impractical and causes loss of time. These types of drills also have a large number of guides or surgical lead, which again increases the cost.

According to our research there is no commercially available product similar to the inventive bone drill on the market. Bone drills currently in production and on the market allow opening implant sockets and placement of implants, but they generally completely leave successful placement of these implants in the position, angle, depth and anatomical relation as intended by the planning dependent on the success of the dental surgeon.

Figures of the Invention

The characteristics of inventive bone drill system illustrated in Figure 1 provide successful solutions for many aspects of implant placement techniques currently utilised to apply implant drilling directly through the gingiva, with use of a guide or surgical lead. Figure 1 Details: Figure 1 illustrates the inventive bone drill for opening implant sockets in the jawbone. The end marked with the number 1 for attachment to the hand piece and the cutting tip marked with the number 4 are similar to other drills. The main object of this invention is the guide compatible cylindrical stopper section marked with the numbers 2 and 3. The diameter of the cylindrical stopper marked with the number 2 is 4.0 mm for Set Part 1 and 2 (marked with A) and it is 5.0 mm for Set Part 3 (marked with B). The size of cylinder stopper is 9.0 mm in total, comprised of 1.0 mm in conical bone contact section marked with the number 3, and 8.0 mm in cylinder section marked with the number 2. In th section of drawings on page 3/2 Figure 2 Details:

Drill Set Part 1 : Drill diameter starts at 1.0 mm and increases by 0.1 mm steps in each drill bit up to 1.9 mm. Length of drill cutting tips starts at 5.0 mm and increases by 0.5 mm steps in each drill bit up to 14.5 mm. This part includes a total of 200 drillbits. Diameter of guide compatible cylindrical stopper section is 4.0 mm.

Drill SetPart 2: Drill diameter starts at 2.0 mm and increases by 0.1 mm steps in each drill bit up to 3.7 mm. Length of drill cutting tips starts at5.0 mmand increases by 0.5 mm steps in each drill bit up to 14.5 mm. This part includes a total of 360 drillbits. Diameter of guide compatible cylindrical stopper section is 4.0 mm. Drill SetPart 3: Drill diameter starts at 3.8 mm and increases by 0.1 mm steps in each drill bit up to 4.7 mm. Length of drill cutting tips starts at5.0 mmand increases by 0.5 mm steps in each drill bit up to 14.5 mm. This part includes a total of 200 drillbits. Diameter of guide compatible cylindrical stopper section is 5.0 mm.

In the section of drawings on page 3/3 Figure 3 Details: 1: Handpiece attachment end.

2: The inventive guide compatible cylindrical stopper section.

3: Bone facing conical tip of the cylindrical stopper.

4: Cutting tip of bone drill.

5: The socket opened by the drill in the bone.

6: Guide tube.

7: Main guide bearing section.

8: Gingiva.

9: The window opened on the gingiva by means of a punch.

10: The distance between the guide tube and the bone.

1 1 : Bone.

Technical problems addressed by the invention 1) When used together with a guide or surgical lead the inventive bone drill the guide compatible cylindrical stopper section marked with the number 2 in the section of drawings page 3/3 on Figure 3 moved through the guide tube marked with the number 6 in Figure 3 allowing the dental surgeon to open an implant socket in the bone directly through the gingiva at the exact desired position, direction and depth in a very safe fashion. The most important characteristic of this process is the complete "control" provided in regard of position, direction and depth.

Note: If so desired or necessitated by specific cases the dental surgeon may also incise and draw aside the gingiva to expose the bone and perform the same operation with a guide or surgical lead.

For dental surgeons who do not use tomography and 3D modelling software the success of operation remains fully dependent on the surgeon's medical competence, which is again outside the scope of this invention. On the other hand, dental surgeons who utilise tomography and 3D modelling software can use a guide or surgical lead produced specifically for the case together with the inventive bone drill to open an implant socket compatible with the planned implant in the bone and place the implant in the socket in the exact position planned in 3D modelling of the operation.

2) In operation of the inventive bone drill, the guide compatible cylindrical stopper marked with the number 2 on drawing page in Figure 3 moving inside the guide tube marked with the number 6 in Figure 3 ensures that the tip and side surfaces of the drill bit acting on the bone, marked with the number 4 in Figure 3, do not contact the guide or the surgical lead. This ensures that the cutting tip of the drill does not suffer any abrasion or loss due to contact with the guide tube marked with the number 6 in Figure 3. 3) In operation of the inventive bone drill, the guide compatible cylindrical stopper marked with the number 2 on drawing page in Figure 3 operating and moving inside the guide tube marked with the number 6 in Figure 3 ensures that the tip and side surfaces of the drill bit acting on the bone, marked with the number 4 in Figure 3, do not contact the tube in the guide or the surgical lead. This ensures that the drill does not experience any friction due to contact and any heating originating from such friction. 4) The inventive bone drill provides great savings in guide or surgical lead costs. Only one guide or surgical punch is sufficient, also even allowing use of gingiva punch. The opportunity to utilise a single guide or surgical guide when opening an implant socket in the bone is an important innovation in the field of implant operations. Drill systems in the state of art require minimum three or more guides or surgical leads.

5) The characteristics of the inventive drill eliminate the need for making any measurement to determine the direction and the depth during the operation of opening an implant socket in the bone. This also is an innovation in the field of implant operations.

6) The characteristics of the inventive drill ensures that there is no need to remove the guide or the surgical lead from the gingiva during the operation. After the guide or the surgical lead is ensconced in the place of the missing tooth it stays in place until the implant socket is opened by means of necessary number of drills and only removed after its task is completed. Then the implant can be placed into the socket. Since this procedure takes a very short period of time it promotes the morale of both the dental surgeon and the patient as well as providing great savings in time and effort.

7) When used in conjunction with a guide or surgical lead the inventive bone drill eliminates the need for surgical intervention on the gingiva and provides great advantages in comparison to methods which involve surgical incision of gingiva and exposal of the bone. This characteristic provides a great morale boost for patients who wish to have an implant placed in their jawbone. As known, in addition to the potential undesired consequences of implant operations, surgical interventions also bring along the potential for other undesired results, which constitute a greatly dissuasive handicap for patients. Implant operations involving surgical interventions can result in pain, swelling, bleeding and haematoma resulting in bruises on the cheek, and patients can face difficulties in eating after surgical intervention. The sutures in the surgical intervention area can also bother the patient for many days. In addition to these, the undesired or negative consequences of surgical interventions in regard of incision recovery and infection can also have greatly negative influences on the success of implant operation.

The inventive bone drill allows only opening a window limited to the diameter of the implant in the gingiva without any surgical intervention, thus eliminating all known surgical problems. There is no bleeding, pain or swelling, no sutures are needed on the gingiva, and since recovery starts as soon as the implant is placed the patient is able to eat as soon as they wish. In aggregate, the inventive drill ensures that the patient's life quality stays as high as possible even on the day of implant operation. 8) When used in conjunction with a guide or surgical lead prepared by means of tomography aids, the operation stages of the inventive bone drill are clear and easy to understand, allowing operators to learn them easily, thus making the inventive drill comfortable and safe to use for any dental surgeon who wish to perform implant operations.

9) The inventive bone drill can be used with all implant hand pieces.

10) The inventive bone drill and its sets can open sockets for all available implants.

11) When an implant is planned in an 3D modelling software and a guide or surgical lead compatible with the implant is produced, the inventive drill can be used in conjunction with these to easily open a socket compatible with the planned implant at the exact desired position, direction and depth in the bone. This model of operation requires a window only at the diameter of the implant itself to be opened on the gingiva, thus ensuring that no serious bleeding of clinical significance is experienced during the operation. After the socket is opened in the bone and implant is placed the recovery cap is immediately placed and thus no bleeding is experienced from this step on. This model of operation allows operation without any need for surgical intervention and thus provides a great advantage. This system can be easily used at any consulting office, polyclinic or hospital without requirement of any special equipment or surgery room conditions. To explain in further detail, as known most consulting offices, polyclinics and hospitals are equipped for removal of normal teeth and wisdom teeth under normal operation conditions, as well as performance of various surgical interventions on the same theatre when root breaks and other complications are experienced. However, during an implant socket opening and implant placement operation performed with the system comprised of the inventive drill and its set even those risks and complication likely in normal teeth removal are not in question, and therefore it is possible to perform this implant operation even easier than a standard tooth removal operation. This characteristic allows easy performance of implant operations at a normal patient seat without requirement of any special equipment or surgery room conditions.

Details of the Process of Operation of the Inventive Drill and Set

The main characteristic of the inventive bone drill constituting the subject of this patent application is the guide compatible cylindrical stopper section of the bone drill, marked with the number 2 and 3 on drawing page 3/1 in Figure 1 and on drawing page 3/3 in Figure 3. The diameter of this guide compatible cylindrical stopper section on the drill is 4.0 mm in Set Part 1 and Set Part 2, and it is 5.0 mm in Set Part 3. The length of the cylindrical section, including the 1 mm long conical section facing the bone, marked with the number 3 in Figure 1 and Figure 3, is 8+1 = 9 mm. In the inventive drill the hand piece attachment section, marked with the number 1 on drawing page 3/1 in Figure 1 and on drawing page 3/3 in Figure 3, and the bone cutting drill tip, marked with the number 4 in Figure 1 and Figure 3, are the same with peers available in the current stated of art in implant technology. Only diameters and lengths of drill bits are determined by our study in order to form "Sets".

The drill set formed for the inventive drill is comprised of three parts, providing a range allowing implant sockets of all sizes, from diameters suitable for the thinnest, one piece, knobbed implants used in mobile prosthesis to 5 mm implant diameter.

Drill Set Part 1 includes 200 pieces of drill bits. The drills in this part are typically intended for thin implants. The diameter of guide compatible cylindrical stopper section in these drill bits is 4.0 mm. The diameters of the cutting tips of these drills start from 1.0 mm and range by 0.1 mm steps up to 1.9 mm. The length of the cutting tip of these drills start from 5.0 mm and range by 0.5 mm steps up to 14.5 mm.

Drill Set Part 2 includes 360 pieces of drill bits. The drills in this part are typically intended for thin implants. These drill bits can be used for implants up to 4 mm. he diameter of guide compatible cylindrical stopper section in these drill bits is 4.0 mm. The diameters of the cutting tips of these drills start from 2.0 mm and range by 0.1 mm steps up to 3.7 mm. The length of the cutting tip of these drills start from 5.0 mm and range by 0.5 mm steps up to 14.5 mm.

Drill Set Part 3 includes 200 pieces of drill bits. The drills in this part are typically intended for thin implants. The diameter of guide compatible cylindrical stopper section in these drill bits is (marked with B on drawing page 3/1 in Figure 1). The diameters of the cutting tips of these drills start from 3.8 mm and range by 0.1 mm steps up to 4.7 mm. The length of the cutting tip of these drills start from 5.0 mm and range by 0.5 mm steps up to 14.5 mm. The drill set allows the operator to open sockets for all types of implants with its wide range of drills on all diameters and lengths. This highly capable and wide drill set is able to open implant sockets of all lengths and diameters up to 5 mm in the bone, thus providing the dental surgeon with a wide range of operation for their intended implant operations.

Details of the Process of Operation of the Guide Compatible Cylindrical Stopper Section of the Inventive Bone Drill, marked with the number 2 in Figure 1 and Figure 3:

After the patient and operation theatre is prepared and anaesthesia is applied, the main guide support marked by the number 7 on drawing page 3/3 in Figure 3 is placed over the space of missing tooth and a window (number 9 on drawing page 3/3 in Figure 3) is opened in the gingiva by pushing gingiva punch in the tube marked with the number 6. Then the short drill, first of a series of drills which will open a socket with a depth and diameter suitable for the planned implant, is inserted into the guide tube, marked with the number 6, supported by the main guide support, marked with the number 7, as seen on drawing page 3/3 in Figure 3, and the guide compatible cylinder section of the drill, marked with the number 2 on drawing page 3/3 in Figure 3, travels 2-3 mm through the tube until the drill contacts bone. This 2-3 mm travel clearly and definitely ensures that the drill firmly moves in the desired direction before the drill starts to act on the bone. Subsequently, as the dental surgeon continues to open the socket in the bone by pushing the drill forward, the cylindrical section, marked with the number 2, will rotate inside the tube and ensure that the drill continues to firmly move in the desired direction.

After a number of drill pushes the stopper will ensure that the socket is opened exactly at the dimensions determined by the drill size. This socket will allow entry of cutting tip of drill for the cylindrical sections of other drill bits with the same diameter but longer length. In short, after the drilling is done, the long drill bit compatible with the same implant diameter is pushed through the guide tube, marked with the number 6. As the cutting tip of the long drill bit moves through the bore made by the short drill bit, guide compatible cylindrical stopper section, marked with the number 2, moves through the guide tube, marked with the number 6. When the drill is pushed further it moves on to open the rest of the socket in the bone. When the stopper section marked with the number 3 comes flush to the bone the drill will have opened a socket bore with the exact desired depth.

If so desired, this procedure can be applied by a series of drill bits ranging from thin to thick, opening the planned diameter of socket hole in stages, or directly using one short drill bit and one long drill bit at the desired diameter. The guide and drill set ensures that the socket opened in the bone exactly fits the design modelled in the 3D software. This system ensures that the implant socket required for an implant is realised in the bone at the exact direction and depth planned in the 3D software. Industrial Applications of the Invention

The inventive bone drill and the drill set comprised of these drill bits are sure to find a place in the implants industry. This system will provide great savings in effort, time and cost for both dental surgeons and patients. This bone drill system provides great operation comfort for dental surgeons, as well as ensuring that patients in need of implants can have implant operations without compromising their daily quality of life at all.

Claims

The invention relates to a set comprised of a drill for opening implant sockets in the jawbone and the drill bits with cylindrical stoppers, characterised by the section numbered 1 which is attached to the hand piece to form the drill for opening implant sockets in the jawbone, the cutting tip section numbered 4, and the cylindrical stopper section numbered 2 and 3.

A set comprised of a drill for opening implant sockets in the jawbone and drill bits with cylindrical stopper sections (2, 3), according to Claim 1, characterised by the ability to open sockets in the jawbone as necessary for implants with diameters ranging from 1.8 mm to 5 mm by drill bits ranging from 1 mm in diameter and 5 mm in length to 3.7 mm in diameter and 14.5 cm in length.