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WO2016011889A1 - 过曝拍摄方法及装置 - Google Patents

过曝拍摄方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016011889A1
WO2016011889A1 PCT/CN2015/083386 CN2015083386W WO2016011889A1 WO 2016011889 A1 WO2016011889 A1 WO 2016011889A1 CN 2015083386 W CN2015083386 W CN 2015083386W WO 2016011889 A1 WO2016011889 A1 WO 2016011889A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
target object
target
pixel point
image
picture
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/083386
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘林汶
崔小辉
苗雷
里强
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Nubia Technology Co Ltd
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Nubia Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/327,044 priority Critical patent/US20180109711A1/en
Publication of WO2016011889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016011889A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/73—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the exposure time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/741—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by increasing the dynamic range of the image compared to the dynamic range of the electronic image sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
    • H04N25/57—Control of the dynamic range
    • H04N25/58—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures

Definitions

  • This paper relates to the field of camera technology, and in particular to overexposure shooting methods and devices.
  • the picture When shooting a target, the picture may be dark due to ambient lighting restrictions. For example, when shooting a starry sky, due to nighttime shooting, the starlight is very faint due to nighttime lighting restrictions.
  • the long-exposure shooting can better solve the above problems, making the target object to be photographed clearer and more prominent in the background.
  • there are some problems with long-exposure shooting which limits the use of such a shooting mode, for example, a long shooting time.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a fast overexposure shooting method, which can make the object of the shooting clearer and more prominent in the background when the ambient illumination is weak.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an overexposure shooting method, including the following steps:
  • a composite image is generated by using a preset standard exposure image as a background, and a composite image is generated according to the acquired image data of the target object.
  • the overexposure shooting method further includes: before the step of generating a composite image according to the acquired image data of the target object in the background of the preset exposure image;
  • the parameters are taken at a preset standard, and a standard exposure picture of the target is taken as the preset standard exposure picture.
  • the steps include:
  • the step of generating a composite image according to the acquired image data of the target object by using the preset standard exposure image as a background includes:
  • a pixel point corresponding to position information of a pixel point of the target object in the preset standard exposure picture is replaced with a pixel point of the target object.
  • the target is one of the following: a star, a moon, and a lightning.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an overexposure imaging apparatus, including:
  • a shooting module configured to take an overexposed image containing the target with a preset overexposure shooting parameter
  • the compositing module is configured to generate a composite image according to the acquired image data of the target object by using a preset standard exposure image as a background.
  • the overexposure imaging device further includes:
  • the standard shooting module is configured to take a standard exposure picture of the target as a preset standard exposure picture by using a preset standard shooting parameter.
  • the acquiring module includes:
  • a first acquiring unit configured to acquire a pixel point parameter of each pixel in the overexposed image
  • a second acquiring unit configured to determine a pixel point of the obtained pixel point parameter that meets a preset condition as a pixel of the target object, acquire position information of the pixel point of the target object, and obtain image data of the target object .
  • the synthesis module is configured to:
  • a pixel point corresponding to position information of a pixel point of the target object in the preset standard exposure picture is replaced with a pixel point of the target object.
  • the target object is one of the following:
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, where the storage medium stores a computer program, where the computer program includes program instructions, when the program instruction is executed by the terminal device, enabling the device to perform the overexposure shooting described above. method.
  • an overexposed image including a target object is captured by a preset overexposure shooting parameter; image data of the target object is obtained from the overexposed image; and the preset standard exposure image is used as a background, according to the acquired
  • the image data of the target generates a composite picture.
  • the embodiment of the invention can realize that a picture with a clear target and a target is highlighted in the background can be taken, and the long-exposure shooting is not required, which is fast and efficient.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not need to occupy for a long time.
  • the camera device consumes less resources for the camera device and is also convenient for the user to use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of an overexposure shooting method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the overexposure shooting method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of the overexposure shooting method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a first embodiment of an overexposure imaging apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a second embodiment of the overexposure imaging apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a third embodiment of the overexposure imaging apparatus of the present invention.
  • the main body of the overexposure shooting method for implementing the embodiment of the present invention may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a camera, a camera, or the like, or may be any
  • the terminal or device for implementing the overexposure shooting method of the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the present invention.
  • a mobile phone is preferably used as the main body of the overexposed shooting method of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the object mentioned in the following embodiments of the overexposure shooting method and apparatus of the present invention may be an object, a person, an animal, or the like, and the present invention does not limit the object.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an overexposure shooting method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for overexposure shooting according to the present invention.
  • the method comprises:
  • Step S10 taking an overexposed picture containing the target object by using a preset overexposure shooting parameter
  • the overexposure shooting parameters can be preset by the user or the mobile phone, and the overexposure shooting parameters include the exposure time. For example, setting the exposure time ranges from 30 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • Overexposed images have a large amount of light, so when the ambient light is weak, the brightness of the target (such as stars, moon, lightning, etc.) is increased, which better highlights the target.
  • the target such as stars, moon, lightning, etc.
  • the overexposed image of the target object and the preset standard exposure image of the target object may be: according to the brightness of the environment, the mobile phone automatically configures the exposure value to make the captured image appear overexposed; or the user manually configures the exposure value so that The captured picture is overexposed.
  • the above method of configuring the exposure value may be: adjusting the magnitude of the exposure value by setting the shutter value and the aperture value.
  • Step S20 acquiring image data of the target object from the overexposed image
  • the method for obtaining the image data of the target object from the overexposed image may be: dividing the target object in the overexposed image and the background by setting a color threshold to obtain image data of the target object; or, by using a region segmentation method (such as region growing, region splitting and other regional segmentation methods) segmentation of the target and background in the overexposed image to obtain image data of the target; or, by edge detection (such as color value or gray level or structural mutation location recognition) For the edge), the target object and the background in the overexposed image are segmented to obtain image data of the target object; in addition, the target object and the background segmentation can be realized by cluster analysis and the like, and image data of the target object is obtained. Among them, the area is divided Cut, edge detection, cluster analysis and other methods are supported by more mature algorithms.
  • the image data of the target object may be a distribution of a pixel point constituting the target object, a color distribution, a brightness value distribution, and the like; or the image data of the target object may be a picture segment including only the target object.
  • Step S30 using the preset standard exposure picture as a background, and generating a composite picture according to the acquired image data of the target object.
  • the preset standard exposure picture may be a picture preset by the user or the mobile phone.
  • the method for generating a composite image by the mobile phone may be: the image data of the target object is a picture segment including only the target object, and the image segment of the target object is used as a top layer, and the preset standard exposure image is superimposed and combined as a bottom layer to generate a composite image; or
  • the image data of the target object is pixel point information constituting the target object, and the pixel point corresponding to the position in the preset standard exposure image is replaced with the pixel point constituting the target object to generate a composite image.
  • the embodiment it is possible to take a picture with a clear target and the target object is highlighted in the background, and it is fast and efficient without long-time exposure shooting.
  • the embodiment does not need to occupy the imaging device for a long time, and the resource consumption of the imaging device is less, and is also convenient for the user to use.
  • the overexposure shooting method further includes:
  • a video file is generated based on the plurality of encoded images that are encoded.
  • a dynamic video file can be generated according to multiple composite images. If the target object and the mobile phone are relatively displaced, the moving process of the target object can be presented through the video file to meet the personalized requirements of the user.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the overexposure shooting method of the present invention.
  • the method further includes: on the basis of the first embodiment, before the step S10, or the step S20, or the step S30, the method further includes:
  • Step S40 taking a standard shooting parameter with a preset standard, and taking a standard exposure picture of the target as the preset standard exposure picture.
  • Standard shooting parameters include exposure time. For example, set the exposure time to a value within 1 second.
  • the user can take the exposure picture and the preset standard exposure picture at the same time; or, after taking the exposure picture first, and then shooting the preset standard exposure picture; or, shooting the preset standard exposure picture first, then taking the exposure picture; or, shooting one One or more overexposed images, corresponding to a preset standard exposure image.
  • the user or the mobile phone can also set a preset rule according to requirements, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • taking a standard exposure picture as a preset standard exposure picture makes the generated composite picture more realistic.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of the overexposure shooting method of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and the step S20 includes:
  • Step S21 acquiring pixel point parameters of each pixel in the overexposed image
  • the pixel parameter can include at least one of the following depending on the user or the phone's settings:
  • Color value brightness, hue value, saturation, etc.
  • Step S22 determining pixel points of the obtained pixel point parameters that satisfy the preset condition as the pixel points of the target object, acquiring position information of the pixel points of the target object, and obtaining image data of the target object.
  • the pixel of the target is the pixel that constitutes the target in the overexposed picture.
  • the preset conditions are preset by the user or the mobile phone.
  • the preset condition is that the color value of the pixel point is within the preset color value range, and the brightness value of the pixel point is greater than the preset brightness value. If the color value and the brightness value of one pixel in the overexposed image satisfy the above conditions, it is determined that the pixel is the pixel of the target.
  • the user or the mobile phone may further set the preset condition that the difference between the brightness value of the pixel point and the average value of the brightness value of the adjacent pixel point is less than the pre-pre Set the difference, which excludes the case where the pixel is noisy.
  • the position information of the pixel of the target may be the number of the pixel, or the number of rows and columns of the pixel, or information such as coordinate values indicating the position of the pixel in the overexposed image.
  • the location information of the pixel of the target is the same as that of the prior art, and details are not described herein.
  • the pixel information of the determined object and the position information of the pixel of the acquired object are image data of the object.
  • This embodiment can accurately and quickly divide the target object and the background in the overexposed image to obtain image data of the target object.
  • the present embodiment is based on the third embodiment, and the step S30 includes:
  • a pixel point corresponding to position information of a pixel point of the target object in the preset standard exposure picture is replaced with a pixel point of the target object.
  • the mobile phone finds the pixel to be replaced in the preset standard exposure image according to the position information of the pixel of the target, and replaces the pixel corresponding to the target in the preset standard exposure image with the pixel of the target, and the pixel of the target After all the dots are replaced with the preset standard exposure image, a composite image is obtained.
  • the target pixel is replaced with the preset standard exposure image, and the target can be better highlighted in the composite image with the preset standard exposure image as the background.
  • the target is a star
  • the starlight in the composite image appears brighter and brighter in the preset standard exposure image.
  • overexposure shooting can Shooting, replacing its pixels with the preset standard exposure image to obtain a composite picture, the composite picture is a nebula picture, the number of stars in the composite picture is far more than the starry sky picture taken by the ordinary shooting method.
  • the method before the step S20, the method further includes:
  • the manner of pretreatment may include sharpening processing, morphological processing, noise reduction processing, and the like.
  • the sharpening process can improve the clarity of the target in the overexposed image, making the edge region of the target clearer;
  • the morphological processing can make the edge of the line in the overexposed picture smoother;
  • the noise reduction process can overexpose the image
  • the noise information in the filter is filtered to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the overexposed image.
  • the overexposed image is preprocessed to make the edge of the target clearer, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of acquiring the image data of the target.
  • the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment, wherein the target object is the following One:
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide an overexposure imaging apparatus including a processor and a program storage device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a first embodiment of an overexposure imaging apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the apparatus comprises:
  • the photographing module 10 is adapted to photograph an overexposed image containing the target object by using a preset overexposure shooting parameter
  • the obtaining module 20 is adapted to obtain image data of the target from the overexposed image
  • the compositing module 30 is adapted to generate a composite image according to the acquired image data of the target object by using the preset standard exposure image as a background.
  • the overexposure shooting parameters may be preset by the user or the overexposed shooting device, and the overexposure shooting parameters include the exposure time. For example, setting the exposure time ranges from 30 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • Overexposed images have a large amount of light, so when the ambient light is weak, the brightness of the target (such as stars, moon, lightning, etc.) is increased, which better highlights the target.
  • the target such as stars, moon, lightning, etc.
  • the overexposed image of the target object and the preset standard exposure image of the shooting target may be: according to the brightness of the environment, the shooting module 10 automatically configures the exposure value to make the captured image appear overexposed; or, the user manually configures the exposure. The value makes the captured image appear overexposed.
  • the above method of configuring the exposure value may be: adjusting the magnitude of the exposure value by setting the shutter value and the aperture value.
  • the acquiring module 20 may obtain the image data of the target object from the overexposed image by dividing the target object and the background in the overexposed image by a method of setting a color threshold to obtain image data of the target object; or Methods (such as region growing, region splitting and other region segmentation methods) segment the target and the background in the overexposed image to obtain image data of the target; or, by edge detection (such as color value or gray level or structural mutation)
  • edge detection such as color value or gray level or structural mutation
  • the position recognition is an edge.
  • the target object and the background are segmented in the overexposed image to obtain image data of the target object.
  • the target object and the background segmentation can be realized by cluster analysis or the like to obtain image data of the target object. Among them, regional segmentation, edge detection, cluster analysis and other methods are supported by more mature algorithms.
  • the image data of the target object may be a distribution of a pixel point constituting the target object, a color distribution, a brightness value distribution, and the like; or the image data of the target object may be a picture segment including only the target object.
  • the preset standard exposure picture may be a picture preset by the user or the overexposed camera.
  • the method for generating the composite image by the synthesizing module 30 may be: the image data of the target object is a picture segment including only the target object, and the image segment of the target object is used as the top layer, and the preset standard exposure image is superimposed and combined as the bottom layer to generate a composite image; Alternatively, the image data of the target object is pixel point information constituting the target object, and the pixel point corresponding to the position in the preset standard exposure image is replaced with the pixel point constituting the target object to generate a composite image.
  • this embodiment it is possible to take a picture with a clear target and a target to be highlighted in the background, and it is fast and efficient without long-time exposure shooting. Moreover, this embodiment does not need to occupy the mobile phone for a long time. The resource consumption of the mobile phone is small and convenient for the user to use.
  • the overexposure imaging device further includes a video module (not shown), and the video module is adapted to:
  • a video file is generated based on the plurality of encoded images that are encoded.
  • a dynamic video file can be generated according to multiple composite images. If the target object and the mobile phone are relatively displaced, the moving process of the target object can be presented through the video file to meet the personalized requirements of the user.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a second embodiment of the overexposure imaging apparatus of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment further includes:
  • the standard shooting module 40 is adapted to capture a standard exposure picture of the target as a preset standard exposure picture by using a preset standard shooting parameter.
  • Standard shooting parameters include exposure time. For example, set the exposure time to a value within 1 second.
  • the user can take the exposure picture and the preset standard exposure picture at the same time; or, after taking the exposure picture first, and then shooting the preset standard exposure picture; or, shooting the preset standard exposure picture first, then taking the exposure picture; or, shooting one One or more overexposed images, corresponding to a preset standard exposure image.
  • the user or the mobile phone can also set a preset rule according to requirements, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • taking a standard exposure picture as a preset standard exposure picture makes the generated composite picture more realistic.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a third embodiment of the overexposure imaging apparatus of the present invention.
  • the obtaining module 20 includes:
  • the first obtaining unit 21 is adapted to acquire pixel parameter of each pixel in the overexposed image
  • the second obtaining unit 22 is configured to determine a pixel point of the obtained pixel point parameter that meets a preset condition as a target pixel, acquire position information of the pixel point of the target object, and obtain an image of the target object. data.
  • the pixel point parameter may include at least one of the following according to the setting of the user or the first obtaining unit 21:
  • Color value brightness, hue value, saturation, etc.
  • the pixel of the target is the pixel that constitutes the target in the overexposed picture.
  • the preset condition is preset by the user or the second acquisition unit 22.
  • the preset condition is that the color value of the pixel point is within the preset color value range, and the brightness value of the pixel point is greater than the preset brightness value. If the color value and the brightness value of one pixel in the overexposed image satisfy the above conditions, it is determined that the pixel is the pixel of the target.
  • the user or the second obtaining unit 22 may further set the preset condition that the difference between the brightness value of the pixel point and the average value of the brightness values of the adjacent pixel points is less than the preset difference, and the condition may exclude the pixel point as noise. Case.
  • the position information of the pixel of the target may be the number of the pixel, or the number of rows and columns of the pixel, or information such as coordinate values indicating the position of the pixel in the overexposed image.
  • the location information of the pixel of the target is the same as that of the prior art, and details are not described herein.
  • the pixel information of the determined object and the position information of the pixel of the acquired object are image data of the object.
  • This embodiment can accurately and quickly divide the target object and the background in the overexposed image to obtain image data of the target object.
  • the present embodiment is based on the third embodiment, and the synthesizing module 30 is further adapted to:
  • a pixel point corresponding to position information of a pixel point of the target object in the preset standard exposure picture is replaced with a pixel point of the target object.
  • the compositing module 30 finds the pixel point to be replaced in the preset standard exposure image according to the position information of the pixel point of the target object, and replaces the pixel point to be replaced in the preset standard exposure image with the pixel point of the target object, and the target object After the pixels are all replaced with the preset standard exposure picture, a composite picture is obtained.
  • the target pixel is replaced with the preset standard exposure image, and the target can be better highlighted in the composite image with the preset standard exposure image as the background.
  • the target is a star
  • the starlight in the composite image appears brighter and brighter in the preset standard exposure image.
  • overexposure shooting can Shoot it and replace its pixels with the preset standard exposure A composite picture is obtained in the light picture, and the composite picture is a nebula picture, and the number of stars in the composite picture is far more than the starry sky picture taken by the ordinary shooting method.
  • the overexposure imaging device includes:
  • a pre-processing module (not shown) is adapted to pre-process the overexposed picture.
  • the manner of pretreatment may include sharpening processing, morphological processing, noise reduction processing, and the like.
  • the sharpening process can improve the clarity of the target in the overexposed image, making the edge region of the target clearer;
  • the morphological processing can make the edge of the line in the overexposed picture smoother;
  • the noise reduction process can overexpose the image
  • the noise information in the filter is filtered to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the overexposed image.
  • the overexposed image is preprocessed to make the edge of the target clearer, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of acquiring the image data of the target.
  • the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment, wherein the target object is the following One:
  • the over-exposure shooting method provided by the embodiment of the invention can take a picture with a clear target and the target object is highlighted in the background, and does not require long-time exposure shooting, is fast and efficient, and does not need to occupy for a long time.
  • the camera device consumes less resources for the camera device and is also convenient for the user to use.

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Abstract

一种过曝拍摄方法，该方法包括：以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；从所述过曝光图片中获取目标物的图像数据；以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。还公开了一种过曝拍摄装置。可实现仅需拍摄一张照片即可拍摄出目标物清晰且目标物凸显于背景的图片，不需长时间曝光拍摄，快速且高效。

Description

过曝拍摄方法及装置 技术领域
本文涉及摄像技术领域，尤其涉及过曝拍摄方法及装置。
背景技术
在对目标物进行拍摄时，由于受环境光照的限制，拍摄出来的图片可能很暗。例如，在拍摄星空时，由于在夜间进行拍摄，受夜间光照限制，拍摄出来的星光很黯淡。通过长时间曝光拍摄能较好地解决上述问题，使需要拍摄的目标物更清晰，且更凸显于背景。然而，长时间曝光拍摄也存在一些问题，使这种拍摄方式的使用受到限制，例如，耗费的拍摄时间较长等。
上述内容仅用于辅助理解本发明实施例的技术方案，并不代表承认上述内容是现有技术。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种快速的过曝拍摄方法，在环境光照较弱时，可以使拍摄的目标物更清晰，更凸显于背景。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了一种过曝拍摄方法，包括以下步骤：
以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；
从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据；
以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。
可选地，其中，在所述以预设曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片的步骤之前，所述过曝拍摄方法还包括：
以预设的标准拍摄参数，拍摄所述目标物的标准曝光图片作为所述预设标准曝光图片。
可选地，其中，所述从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据的 步骤包括：
获取所述过曝光图片中每个像素点的像素点参数；
确定获取的所述像素点参数中满足预设条件的像素点为目标物的像素点，获取所述目标物的像素点的位置信息，得到所述目标物的图像数据。
可选地，其中，所述以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片的步骤包括：
将所述预设标准曝光图片中与所述目标物的像素点的位置信息对应的像素点替换为所述目标物的像素点。
可选地，其中，所述目标物为下列之一：星星、月亮、闪电。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例还提供一种过曝拍摄装置，包括：
拍摄模块，设置为以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；
获取模块，设置为从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据；
合成模块，设置为以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。
可选地，所述过曝拍摄装置还包括：
标准拍摄模块，设置为用于以预设的标准拍摄参数，拍摄所述目标物的标准曝光图片作为所述预设标准曝光图片。
可选地，其中，所述获取模块包括：
第一获取单元，设置为获取所述过曝光图片中每个像素点的像素点参数；
第二获取单元，设置为确定获取的所述像素点参数中满足预设条件的像素点为目标物的像素点，获取所述目标物的像素点的位置信息，得到所述目标物的图像数据。
可选地，其中，所述合成模块是设置为：
将所述预设标准曝光图片中与所述目标物的像素点的位置信息对应的像素点替换为所述目标物的像素点。
可选地，其中，所述目标物为下列之一：
星星、月亮、闪电。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括程序指令，当该程序指令被终端设备执行时，使得该设备可执行上述的过曝拍摄方法。
本发明实施例以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据；以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。本发明实施例可实现仅需拍摄一张照片即可拍摄出目标物清晰且目标物凸显于背景的图片，不需长时间曝光拍摄，快速且高效，此外，本发明实施例不需长时间占用摄像设备，对摄像设备的资源消耗较少，也方便用户使用。
附图概述
图1为本发明过曝拍摄方法第一实施例的流程示意图；
图2为本发明过曝拍摄方法第二实施例的流程示意图；
图3为本发明过曝拍摄方法第三实施例的流程示意图；
图4为本发明过曝拍摄装置第一实施例的功能模块示意图；
图5为本发明过曝拍摄装置第二实施例的功能模块示意图；
图6为本发明过曝拍摄装置第三实施例的功能模块示意图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。另外，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本领域技术人员可以理解，本发明过曝拍摄方法的下述实施例中，实施本发明实施例的过曝拍摄方法的主体可以为手机、平板电脑、照相机、摄影机等终端，也可以是任何可实现本发明实施例的过曝拍摄方法的终端或装置，本发明并不对此进行限定。在本发明过曝拍摄方法的下述实施例中，较佳地以手机作为本发明实施例的过曝拍摄方法的实施主体。此外，本发明过曝拍摄方法及装置的下述实施例中提到的目标物可以是物体、人、动物等，本发明不对目标物进行限定。
本发明实施例提供一种过曝拍摄方法。
参照图1，图1为本发明过曝拍摄方法第一实施例的流程示意图。
本发明过曝拍摄方法第一实施例中，该方法包括：
步骤S10，以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；
过曝拍摄参数可由用户或者手机预先设定，过曝拍摄参数包括曝光时间。例如，设置曝光时间的取值范围为30秒～2分钟。
过曝光图片由于摄入的光线量较大，因此在环境光线较弱时，使拍摄的目标物(如星星、月亮、闪电等)的亮度增大，更好的凸显了目标物。
拍摄目标物的过曝光图片及拍摄目标物的预设标准曝光图片的方法可以是：根据环境的亮度，手机自动配置曝光值使拍摄的图片呈现过曝的效果；或者，用户手动配置曝光值使拍摄的图片呈现过曝的效果。
上述配置曝光值的方法可以是：通过设置快门值和光圈值调整曝光值的大小。
步骤S20，从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据；
手机从过曝光图片中获取目标物的图像数据的方法可以是：通过设定颜色阈值的方法将过曝光图片中目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据；或者，通过区域分割的方法(如区域生长、区域分裂合并等区域分割方法)将过曝光图片中目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据；或者，通过边缘检测(如将颜色值或者灰度级或者结构突变的位置识别为边缘)将过曝光图片中目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据；此外，还可以通过聚类分析等方法实现目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据。其中，区域分 割、边缘检测、聚类分析等方式均有较为成熟的算法支持。
其中，目标物的图像数据可以是组成目标物的像素点的分布、颜色分布、亮度值分布等；或者，目标物的图像数据还可以是仅包括目标物的图片片段。
步骤S30，以所述预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。
预设标准曝光图片可以是用户或者手机预先设定的图片。
手机生成合成图片的方法可以是：目标物的图片数据为仅包括目标物的图片片段，将该目标物的图片片段作为顶层，预设标准曝光图片作为底层进行叠加合并，生成合成图片；或者，目标物的图片数据为组成目标物的像素点信息，将预设标准曝光图片中对应位置的像素点替换为组成目标物的像素点，生成合成图片。
本实施例可实现仅需拍摄一张照片即可拍摄出目标物清晰且目标物凸显于背景的图片，不需长时间曝光拍摄，快速且高效。此外，本实施例不需长时间占用摄像设备，对摄像设备的资源消耗较少，也方便用户使用。
本实施例中，在所述步骤S30之后，该过曝拍摄方法还包括：
在存在多张所述合成图片时，将多张所述合成图片进行编码处理；
根据多张经过编码处理的所述合成图片，生成视频文件。
本实施例可根据多张合成图片生成动态的视频文件，若拍摄的目标物与手机存在相对位移，则可通过视频文件呈现目标物的移动过程，满足用户的个性化需求。
参照图2，图2为本发明过曝拍摄方法第二实施例的流程示意图。
本发明过曝拍摄方法第二实施例中，本实施例在第一实施例的基础上，在步骤S10，或者步骤S20，或者步骤S30之前，该方法还包括：
步骤S40，以预设的标准拍摄参数，拍摄所述目标物的标准曝光图片作为所述预设标准曝光图片。
标准拍摄参数包括曝光时间。例如，设置曝光时间的取值范围为1秒以内。
用户可同时拍摄过曝光图片及预设标准曝光图片；或者，先拍摄过曝光图片，后拍摄预设标准曝光图片；或者，先拍摄预设标准曝光图片，后拍摄过曝光图片；或者，拍摄一张或多张过曝光图片，对应拍摄一张预设标准曝光图片等。用户或者手机还可根据需求设置预设规则，本发明不作限定。
本实施例拍摄标准曝光图片作为预设标准曝光图片使生成的合成图片更真实。
参照图3，图3为本发明过曝拍摄方法第三实施例的流程示意图。
本发明过曝拍摄方法第三实施例中，本实施例在第一实施例、第二实施例的基础上，所述步骤S20包括：
步骤S21，获取所述过曝光图片中各像素点的像素点参数；
像素点参数可根据用户或者手机的设定至少包括以下之一：
颜色值、亮度、色调值、饱和度等。
当然，根据用户或者手机的设定，还可以将其他参数作为像素点参数。
步骤S22，确定获取的所述像素点参数中满足预设条件的像素点为目标物的像素点，获取所述目标物的像素点的位置信息，得到所述目标物的图像数据。
目标物的像素点即为过曝光图片中构成目标物的像素点。
预设条件为用户或者手机预先设置的。
下面举例说明确定过曝光图片中像素点为目标物的像素点的方法，需要注意的是，下面举例仅用于帮助理解，并不用于限定本发明的范围。
例如，预设条件为像素点的颜色值在预设颜色值范围内，且像素点的亮度值大于预设亮度值。若过曝光图片中一像素点的颜色值及亮度值均满足上述条件，则确定该像素点为目标物的像素点。用户或者手机还可进一步设定预设条件为像素点的亮度值与相邻的像素点的亮度值的平均值的差值小于预 设差值，该条件可排除像素点为噪点的情况。
目标物的像素点的位置信息可以是像素点的编号，或者是像素点所在的行数及列数，或者是坐标值等可表示像素点在过曝光图片中所处的位置的信息。获取目标物的像素点的位置信息与现有技术相同，此处不作赘述。
确定的目标物的像素点及获取的目标物的像素点的位置信息即为目标物的图像数据。
本实施例能精确且快速的在过曝光图片中分割目标物与背景，得到目标物的图像数据。
本发明过曝拍摄方法第四实施例中，本实施例在第三实施例的基础上，所述步骤S30包括：
将所述预设标准曝光图片中与所述目标物的像素点的位置信息对应的像素点替换为所述目标物的像素点。
手机根据目标物的像素点的位置信息在预设标准曝光图片中找到需要替换的像素点，将预设标准曝光图片中需要替换的像素点对应替换为目标物的像素点，将目标物的像素点全部替换至预设标准曝光图片后，得到合成图片。
由于过曝光拍摄使拍摄的目标物的亮度增大，因此将目标物像素点替换至预设标准曝光图片中，目标物能更好的在以预设标准曝光图片为背景的合成图片中凸显出来。例如，若目标物为星星，则合成图片中星光在预设标准曝光图片中显得更加明亮闪耀，另一方面，对于距离地球较远的星星，即使其星光非常弱，过曝光拍摄也能将其拍摄出来，将其像素替换至预设标准曝光图片中得到合成图片，该合成图片为星云图片，该合成图片中星星的数量远多于普通的拍摄方法拍摄得到的星空照片。
可选地，在本发明一较佳实施例中，在所述步骤S20之前还包括：
对所述过曝光图片进行预处理。
预处理的方式可以包括锐化处理、形态学处理、降噪处理等。
其中，锐化处理能提高过曝光图像中目标物的清晰的，使目标物的边缘区域更清晰；形态学处理能使过曝光图片中的线条的边缘更平滑；降噪处理能对过曝光图像中的噪声信息进行滤除，提高过曝光图像的信噪比。
本实施例对过曝光图片进行预处理，使目标物的边缘更清晰，有利于提高获取目标物的图像数据的准确性。
可选地，本发明过曝拍摄方法第五实施例中，本实施例在第一实施例、第二实施例、第三实施例、第四实施例的基础上，所述目标物为下列之一：
星星、月亮、闪电等。
本发明实施例还提供一种过曝拍摄装置，包括处理器和程序存储设备。
参照图4，图4为本发明过曝拍摄装置第一实施例的功能模块示意图。
本发明过曝拍摄装置第一实施例中，该装置包括：
拍摄模块10，适用于以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；
获取模块20，适用于从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据；
合成模块30，适用于以所述预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。
过曝拍摄参数可由用户或者过曝拍摄装置预先设定，过曝拍摄参数包括曝光时间。例如，设置曝光时间的取值范围为30秒～2分钟。
过曝光图片由于摄入的光线量较大，因此在环境光线较弱时，使拍摄的目标物(如星星、月亮、闪电等)的亮度增大，更好的凸显了目标物。
拍摄目标物的过曝光图片及拍摄目标物的预设标准曝光图片的方法可以是：根据环境的亮度，拍摄模块10自动配置曝光值使拍摄的图片呈现过曝的效果；或者，用户手动配置曝光值使拍摄的图片呈现过曝的效果。
上述配置曝光值的方法可以是：通过设置快门值和光圈值调整曝光值的大小。
获取模块20从过曝光图片中获取目标物的图像数据的方法可以是：通过设定颜色阈值的方法将过曝光图片中目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据；或者，通过区域分割的方法(如区域生长、区域分裂合并等区域分割方法)将过曝光图片中目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据；或者，通过边缘检测(如将颜色值或者灰度级或者结构突变的位置识别为边缘)将过曝光图片中目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据；此外，还可以通过聚类分析等方法实现目标物与背景分割，得到目标物的图像数据。其中，区域分割、边缘检测、聚类分析等方式均有较为成熟的算法支持。
其中，目标物的图像数据可以是组成目标物的像素点的分布、颜色分布、亮度值分布等；或者，目标物的图像数据还可以是仅包括目标物的图片片段。
预设标准曝光图片可以是用户或者过曝拍摄装置预先设定的图片。
合成模块30生成合成图片的方法可以是：目标物的图像数据为仅包括目标物的图片片段，将该目标物的图片片段作为顶层，预设标准曝光图片作为底层进行叠加合并，生成合成图片；或者，目标物的图像数据为组成目标物的像素点信息，将预设标准曝光图片中对应位置的像素点替换为组成目标物的像素点，生成合成图片。
本实施例可实现仅需拍摄一张照片即可拍摄出目标物清晰且目标物凸显于背景的图片，不需长时间曝光拍摄，快速且高效，此外，本实施例不需长时间占用手机，对手机的资源消耗较少，也方便用户使用。
本实施例中，在所述过曝拍摄装置还包括视频模块(图中未示出)，所述视频模块适用于：
在存在多张所述合成图片时，将多张所述合成图片进行编码处理；
根据多张经过编码处理的所述合成图片，生成视频文件。
本实施例可根据多张合成图片生成动态的视频文件，若拍摄的目标物与手机存在相对位移，则可通过视频文件呈现目标物的移动过程，满足用户的个性化需求。
参照图5，图5为本发明过曝拍摄装置第二实施例的功能模块示意图。
本发明过曝拍摄装置第二实施例中，本实施例在第一实施例的基础上，在该过曝拍摄装置还包括：
标准拍摄模块40，适用于以预设的标准拍摄参数，拍摄所述目标物的标准曝光图片作为所述预设标准曝光图片。
标准拍摄参数包括曝光时间。例如，设置曝光时间的取值范围为1秒以内。
用户可同时拍摄过曝光图片及预设标准曝光图片；或者，先拍摄过曝光图片，后拍摄预设标准曝光图片；或者，先拍摄预设标准曝光图片，后拍摄过曝光图片；或者，拍摄一张或多张过曝光图片，对应拍摄一张预设标准曝光图片等。用户或者手机还可根据需求设置预设规则，本发明不作限定。
本实施例拍摄标准曝光图片作为预设标准曝光图片使生成的合成图片更真实。
参照图6，图6为本发明过曝拍摄装置第三实施例的功能模块示意图。
本发明过曝拍摄装置第三实施例中，本实施例在第一实施例、第二实施例的基础上，所述获取模块20包括：
第一获取单元21，适用于获取所述过曝光图片中各像素点的像素点参数；
第二获取单元22，适用于确定获取的所述像素点参数中满足预设条件的像素点为目标物的像素点，获取所述目标物的像素点的位置信息，得到所述目标物的图像数据。
像素点参数可根据用户或者第一获取单元21的设定至少包括以下之一：
颜色值、亮度、色调值、饱和度等。
当然，根据用户或者第一获取单元21的设定，还可以将其他参数作为像素点参数。
目标物的像素点即为过曝光图片中构成目标物的像素点。
预设条件为用户或者第二获取单元22预先设置的。
下面举例说明确定过曝光图片中像素点为目标物的像素点的方法，需要注意的是，下面举例仅用于帮助理解，并不用于限定本发明的范围。
例如，预设条件为像素点的颜色值在预设颜色值范围内，且像素点的亮度值大于预设亮度值。若过曝光图片中一像素点的颜色值及亮度值均满足上述条件，则确定该像素点为目标物的像素点。用户或者第二获取单元22还可进一步设定预设条件为像素点的亮度值与相邻的像素点的亮度值的平均值的差值小于预设差值，该条件可排除像素点为噪点的情况。
目标物的像素点的位置信息可以是像素点的编号，或者是像素点所在的行数及列数，或者是坐标值等可表示像素点在过曝光图片中所处的位置的信息。获取目标物的像素点的位置信息与现有技术相同，此处不作赘述。
确定的目标物的像素点及获取的目标物的像素点的位置信息即为目标物的图像数据。
本实施例能精确且快速的在过曝光图片中分割目标物与背景，得到目标物的图像数据。
本发明过曝拍摄装置第四实施例中，本实施例在第三实施例的基础上，所述合成模块30还适用于：
将所述预设标准曝光图片中与所述目标物的像素点的位置信息对应的像素点替换为所述目标物的像素点。
合成模块30根据目标物的像素点的位置信息在预设标准曝光图片中找到需要替换的像素点，将预设标准曝光图片中需要替换的像素点对应替换为目标物的像素点，将目标物的像素点全部替换至预设标准曝光图片后，得到合成图片。
由于过曝光拍摄使拍摄的目标物的亮度增大，因此将目标物像素点替换至预设标准曝光图片中，目标物能更好的在以预设标准曝光图片为背景的合成图片中凸显出来。例如，若目标物为星星，则合成图片中星光在预设标准曝光图片中显得更加明亮闪耀，另一方面，对于距离地球较远的星星，即使其星光非常弱，过曝光拍摄也能将其拍摄出来，将其像素替换至预设标准曝 光图片中得到合成图片，该合成图片为星云图片，该合成图片中星星的数量远多于普通的拍摄方法拍摄得到的星空照片。
可选地，本发明一较佳实施例中，所述过曝拍摄装置包括：
预处理模块(图中未示出)，适用于对所述过曝光图片进行预处理。
预处理的方式可以包括锐化处理、形态学处理、降噪处理等。
其中，锐化处理能提高过曝光图像中目标物的清晰的，使目标物的边缘区域更清晰；形态学处理能使过曝光图片中的线条的边缘更平滑；降噪处理能对过曝光图像中的噪声信息进行滤除，提高过曝光图像的信噪比。
本实施例对过曝光图片进行预处理，使目标物的边缘更清晰，有利于提高获取目标物的图像数据的准确性。
可选地，本发明过曝拍摄装置第五实施例中，本实施例在第一实施例、第二实施例、第三实施例、第四实施例的基础上，所述目标物为下列之一：
星星、月亮、闪电等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序来指令相关硬件完成，所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地，上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。本发明不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
当然，本发明还可有其他多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明的权利要求的保护范围。
工业实用性
本发明实施例提供的过曝拍摄方法，仅需拍摄一张照片即可拍摄出目标物清晰且目标物凸显于背景的图片，不需长时间曝光拍摄，快速且高效，并且不需长时间占用摄像设备，对摄像设备的资源消耗较少，也方便用户使用。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种过曝拍摄方法，包括以下步骤：
    以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；
    从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据；
    以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述以预设曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片的步骤之前，还包括：
    以预设的标准拍摄参数，拍摄所述目标物的标准曝光图片作为所述预设标准曝光图片。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据的步骤包括：
    获取所述过曝光图片中每个像素点的像素点参数；
    确定获取的所述像素点参数中满足预设条件的像素点为目标物的像素点，获取所述目标物的像素点的位置信息，得到所述目标物的图像数据。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片的步骤包括：
    将所述预设标准曝光图片中与所述目标物的像素点的位置信息对应的像素点替换为所述目标物的像素点。
  5. 如权利要求1、2或4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述目标物为下列之一：星星、月亮、闪电。
  6. 一种过曝拍摄装置，包括：
    拍摄模块，设置为以预设的过曝拍摄参数，拍摄包含目标物的过曝光图片；
    获取模块，设置为从所述过曝光图片中获取所述目标物的图像数据；
    合成模块，设置为以预设标准曝光图片为背景，根据获取的所述目标物的图像数据，生成合成图片。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的装置，还包括：
    标准拍摄模块，设置为以预设的标准拍摄参数，拍摄所述目标物的标准曝光图片作为所述预设标准曝光图片。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的装置，其中，所述获取模块包括：
    第一获取单元，设置为获取所述过曝光图片中每个像素点的像素点参数；
    第二获取单元，设置为确定获取的所述像素点参数中满足预设条件的像素点为目标物的像素点，获取所述目标物的像素点的位置信息，得到所述目标物的图像数据。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的装置，其中，所述合成模块是设置为：
    将所述预设标准曝光图片中与所述目标物的像素点的位置信息对应的像素点替换为所述目标物的像素点。
  10. 如权利要求6、7或9中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述目标物为下列之一：
    星星、月亮、闪电。
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括程序指令，当该程序指令被终端设备执行时，使得该设备可执行权利要求1-5任一项的方法。
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