WO2016010751A1 - Procédé de traitement de surfaces de produits alimentaires à l'aide de bactériophages - Google Patents
Procédé de traitement de surfaces de produits alimentaires à l'aide de bactériophages Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016010751A1 WO2016010751A1 PCT/US2015/039175 US2015039175W WO2016010751A1 WO 2016010751 A1 WO2016010751 A1 WO 2016010751A1 US 2015039175 W US2015039175 W US 2015039175W WO 2016010751 A1 WO2016010751 A1 WO 2016010751A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- methylcellulose
- bacteriophage
- substituted
- anhydroglucose
- anhydroglucose units
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/70—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals
- A23B2/725—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B2/729—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23B2/783—Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/40—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof containing additives
- A23L13/42—Additives other than enzymes or microorganisms in meat products or meat meals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
- A23L29/262—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for treating food surfaces with bacteriophages to improve efficacy of the bacteriophages.
- U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0246336 discloses a method for reducing bacterial contamination in food by applying a bacteriophage treatment, in some embodiments together with a thickener.
- this reference does not disclose or suggest use of the methylcellulose polymers of the present invention.
- the problem addressed by this invention is to provide an improved method for treatment of food surfaces with bacteriophages.
- the present invention is directed to a method for reducing or preventing bacterial contamination on a food surface.
- the method comprises applying to the food surface a bacteriophage and a methylcellulose, wherein
- the methylcellulose has anhydroglucose units joined by 1-4 linkages wherein hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that s23/s26 is 0.36 or less,
- s23 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 3 -positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups and
- s26 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 6-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups.
- a "food surface” is an outer surface of any food product.
- Food products include, e.g., meats, cheeses, fruits and vegetables.
- Meats are the flesh of animals intended for use as food. Animals include mammals (e.g., cows, pigs, sheep, buffalo), birds (e.g., chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese), fish and shellfish.
- Meats include processed meat products, e.g., sausage, cured meats, meat spreads, deli meats and ground meats.
- Preferred meats include beef and chicken. Especially preferred meats are fresh animal carcasses.
- Poultry processing begins with hanging of live birds followed by stunning and bleeding. After bleeding, while still suspending from the line, the birds pass through a scald tank for brief periods (about 1-2 minutes) to facilitate the subsequent step of feather plucking. These steps keep the bird carcasses at temperatures in the range of 32 - 40°C. After evisceration, in multiple stages, the birds are chilled. The chilling process may be via a dip in cold chlorinated water or by air chilling in cold rooms. Treating the bird carcasses when they are still warm and prior to their entry into chillers is a part of this invention.
- carcasses treated according to the present invention are those having a temperature at least 30°C, preferably at least 32°C, preferably at least 34°C, preferably at least 35°C, preferably at least 36°C, preferably at least 37°C; preferably no greater than 44°C, preferably no greater than 42°C, preferably no greater than 40°C.
- Bacteriophages suitable for use in the present invention are those effective in inhibiting growth of bacteria, including spoilage bacteria.
- Preferred bacteriophages are effective against the following bacteria:
- Escherichia coli including Shiga Toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) (also including strains of Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli that have been linked with the severe complication hemolytic -uremic syndrome (HUS)); enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), shiga-like toxin-producing E. coli (STEC or SLTEC) (the specific seven serogroups of STEC include (0157:H7, 026, O103, 045, Ol l l, 0121 and 0145) of enterohemorrhagic E.
- STEC enterohemorrhagic E. coli
- the specific seven serogroups of STEC include (0157:H7, 026, O103, 045, Ol l l, 0121 and 0145) of enterohemorrhagic E.
- HUSEC hemolytic uremic syndrome-associated enterohemorrhagic E. coli
- VTEC verocytotoxin- or verotoxin-producing E. coli
- EIEC enteroinvasive
- EPEC enteropathogenic
- ETEC enteroaggregative
- EAEC enteroaggregative
- Salmonella species including, but not limited to Salmonella enterica strains with the following subspecies based on serotyping: Enteritidis, Kentucky, Typhimurium, Typhimurium Covariant V, Heidelberg, Hadar , Newport , Georgia, Agona, Grampian, Senftenberg , Alachua , Infantis , Reading, Schwarzengrund, Mbandaka, Montevideo, Berta and Thompson.
- Campylobacter species including Campylobacter jejuni
- Clostridium perfringens Clostridium botulinum
- Listeria species including Listeria monocytogenes
- Shigella spp. (including serotypes A, B, C and D)
- Staphylococcus species inlcuding Staphylococcus aureus including Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus and and including species causing Staphylococcal enteritis
- Vibrio cholerae Vibrio species including Vibrios cholera (including serotypes 01 and non-Ol, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus
- Yersinia species Including Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
- the bacteriophage is applied to the food surface in a liquid carrier.
- the liquid carrier is an aqueous medium.
- the aqueous medium is buffered, preferably to a pH from 4 to 9, preferably from 5 to 8.5, preferably from 6 to 8.
- the liquid carrier may also include other ingredients, e.g., surfactants, thickeners, stabilizers, solvents (preferably glycol solvents, e.g., propylene glycol, or glycerol).
- solvents preferably glycol solvents, e.g., propylene glycol, or glycerol.
- solvents preferably glycol solvents, e.g., propylene glycol, or glycerol
- solvents preferably glycol solvents, e.g., propylene glycol, or glycerol
- solvents preferably glycol solvents, e.g., propylene glycol, or glycerol
- concentration of bacteriophage varies depending on its activity.
- the concentration is from 10 4 to 10 10 Plaque Forming Unit
- PFU PFU/mL, preferably at least 10 5 PFU/mL, preferably at least 10 6 ; preferably no more than 10 9 PFU/mL, preferably no more than 10 .
- the bacteriophage and the methylcellulose may be applied to the food surface together in the same liquid carrier or separately in separate liquid carriers.
- the bacteriophage and the methylcellulose are applied to the food surface in the same liquid carrier.
- a liquid carrier is at a temperature from 4 to 30°C, preferably no greater than 28°C, preferably no greater than 26°C, preferably no greater than 24°C, preferably no greater than 22°C; preferably at least 6°C, preferably at least 8°C, preferably at least 10°C, preferably at least 12°C, preferably at least 14°C.
- the liquid carrier is stored within the above limits.
- the manner in which the bacteriophage and methylcellulose are applied to the surface is not critical.
- liquid carrier containing organic acid and methylcellulose is applied to the food surface in an amount from 5 to 100 mg/cm 2 , preferably 10 to 90 mg/cm 2 , preferably 15 to 80 mg/cm 2 .
- the concentration of the methylcellulose in the treatment solution is from 0.5 to 10 wt , based on the total weight of the solution, preferably at least 0.7 wt , preferably at least 0.9 wt , preferably at least 1.1 wt , preferably at least 1.3 wt , preferably at least 1.5 wt ; preferably no more than 8 wt , preferably no more than 6 wt , preferably no more than 4 wt .
- a specific methylcellulose is an essential component in the method.
- the methylcellulose has anhydroglucose units joined by 1-4 linkages. Each anhydroglucose unit contains hydroxyl groups at the 2, 3, and 6 positions. Partial or complete substitution of these hydroxyls creates cellulose derivatives. For example, treatment of cellulosic fibers with caustic solution, followed by a methylating agent, yields cellulose ethers substituted with one or more methoxy groups. If not further substituted with other alkyls, this cellulose derivative is known as methylcellulose.
- composition for delivery of the invention comprises a methylcellulose wherein hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that s23/s26 is 0.36 or less, preferably 0.33 or less, more preferably 0.30 or less, most preferably 0.27 or less or 0.26 or less, and particularly 0.24 or less or 0.22 or less.
- s23/s26 is 0.08 or more, 0.10 or more, 0.12 or more, 0.14 or more, or 0.16 or more.
- s23 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 3 -positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups
- s26 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 6-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups.
- the term "the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 3 -positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups” means that the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 3 -positions are substituted with methyl groups and the 6-positions are unsubstituted hydroxy groups.
- the term "the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 6-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups” means that the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 6-positions are substituted with methyl groups and the 3-positions are unsubstituted hydroxy groups.
- Formula I below illustrates the numbering of the hydroxy groups in anhydroglucose units.
- hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that the s23/s26 of the methylcellulose is 0.27 or less, preferably 0.26 or less, more preferably 0.24 or less or even 0.22 or less.
- s23/s26 of the methylcellulose preferably is 0.08 or more, 0.10 or more, 0.12 or more, 0.14 or more, 0.16 or more, or 0.18 or more.
- hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that the s23/s26 of the methylcellulose is more than 0.27 and up to 0.36, preferably more than 0.27 and up to 0.33, and most preferably more than 0.27 and up to 0.30.
- Methylcelluloses wherein hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that s23/s26 is about 0.29 are commercially available under the trade name METHOCEL SG or SGA (The Dow Chemical Company). They gel at a relatively low temperature, at 38 °C to 44 °C at a concentration of 2 wt. % in water.
- US Patent No. 6,235,893 teaches the preparation of methylcelluloses of which 1.5 wt. % solutions in water exhibit onset gelation temperatures of 31 - 54 °C, most of them exhibiting gelation temperatures of 35 - 45 °C.
- the methylcellulose preferably has a DS(methyl) of from 1.55 to 2.25, more preferably from 1.65 to 2.20, and most preferably from 1.70 to 2.10.
- the degree of the methyl substitution, DS(methyl), also designated as DS(methoxyl), of a methylcellulose is the average number of OH groups substituted with methyl groups per anhydroglucose unit.
- % methoxyl in methylcellulose is carried out according to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP 34). The values obtained are % methoxyl. These are subsequently converted into degree of substitution (DS) for methyl substituents. Residual amounts of salt have been taken into account in the conversion.
- the viscosity of the methylcellulose is generally at least 2.4 mPa»s, preferably at least 3 mPa»s, and most preferably at least 10 mPa»s, when measured as a 2 wt. % aqueous solution at 5 °C at a shear rate of 10 s 1 .
- the viscosity of the methylcellulose is preferably up to 10,000 mPa»s, more preferably up to 5000 mPa»s, and most preferably up to 2000 mPa»s, when measured as indicated above.
- Methylcelluloses MC-1 to MC-4 were produced according to the following procedure. Finely ground wood cellulose pulp was loaded into a jacketed, agitated reactor. The reactor was evacuated and purged with nitrogen to remove oxygen, and then evacuated again. The reaction is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, a 50 weight percent aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was sprayed onto the cellulose until the level reached 1.8 mol of sodium hydroxide per mol of anhydroglucose units of the cellulose, and then the temperature was adjusted to 40 °C.
- the second stage of the reaction was started by addition of methyl chloride in an amount of 3.4 molar equivalents of methyl chloride per mol of anhydroglucose unit.
- the addition time for methyl chloride was 20 min.
- a 50 weight percent aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at an amount of 2.9 mol of sodium hydroxide per mol of anhydroglucose units was added over a time period of 45 min.
- the rate of addition was 0.064 mol of sodium hydroxide per mol of anhydroglucose units per minute.
- the contents of the reactor were heated up to 80 °C in 20 min and then kept at a temperature of 80 °C for 120 min.
- the reactor was vented and cooled down to about 50 °C.
- the contents of the reactor were removed and transferred to a tank containing hot water.
- the crude methylcellulose was then neutralized with formic acid and washed chloride free with hot water (assessed by AgNCb flocculation test), cooled to room temperature and dried at 55 °C in an air-swept drier, and subsequently ground.
- the methylcellulose had a DS(methyl) of 1.88 (30.9 wt. methoxyl), a mol fraction (26-Me) of 0.3276 + 0.0039, a mol fraction (23-Me) of 0.0642 + 0.0060, an s23/s26 of 0.20 + 0.02, and a steady- shear-flow viscosity ⁇ (5 °C, 10 s "1 , 2 wt.% MC) of 5500 mPa»s.
- the properties of the methylcellulose were measured as described below.
- Samples of the produced methylcellulose were partially depolymerized by a known procedure to obtain the methylcelluloses MC-1 to MC-4.
- the ground samples are treated with gaseous hydrogen chloride at a temperature of about 85 °C.
- About 1.5 g gaseous hydrogen chloride per kg of methylcellulose is used.
- the reaction period is adapted to the desired viscosity.
- Partial depolymerization of cellulose ethers using gaseous hydrogen chloride is generally known from European patent application EP 1 141 029 and the prior art cited therein. The partial depolymerization does not impact the DS(methyl) or the s23/s26.
- the properties of the methylcelluloses MC-1 to MC-4 were measured as described below.
- a methylcellulose was used which is commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company under the Trademark METHOCEL SGA7C cellulose ether which had a
- methylcellulose was transferred to a 22-mL screw-cap vial to begin the perethylation process.
- Powdered sodium hydroxide freshly pestled, analytical grade, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany
- ethyl iodide for synthesis, stabilized with silver, Merck-Schuchardt, Hohenbrunn, Germany
- reaction mixture could be diluted with up to 1.5 mL DMSO to ensure good mixing during the course of the reaction.
- 5 mL of 5 % aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution was poured into the reaction mixture, and the mixture was then extracted three times with 4 mL of dichloromethane.
- the combined extracts were washed three times with 2 mL of water.
- the organic phase was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate (aboutl g). After filtration, the solvent was removed with a gentle stream of nitrogen, and the sample was stored at 4 °C until needed.
- the residue of the reduction was acetylated with 600 ⁇ L of acetic anhydride and 150 ⁇ L of pyridine for 3 hrs at 90 °C. After cooling, the sample vial was filled with toluene and evaporated to dryness in a stream of nitrogen at room temperature. The residue was dissolved in 4 mL of dichloromethane and poured into 2 mL of water and extracted with 2 mL of dichloromethane. The extraction was repeated three times. The combined extracts were washed three times with 4 mL of water and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The dried dichloromethane extract was subsequently submitted to GC analysis. Depending on the sensitivity of the GC system, a further dilution of the extract could be necessary.
- Gas-liquid (GLC) chromatographic analyses were performed with Agilent 6890N type of gas chromatographs (Agilent Technologies GmbH, 71034 Boeblingen, Germany) equipped with Agilent J&W capillary columns (30 m, 0.25-mm ID, 0.25- ⁇ phase layer thickness) operated with 1.5-bar helium carrier gas.
- the gas chromatograph was programmed with a temperature profile that held constant at 60 °C for 1 min, heated up at a rate of 20 °C / min to 200 °C, heated further up with a rate of 4 °C / min to 250 °C, and heated further up with a rate of 20 °C / min to 310 °C where it was held constant for another 10 min.
- the injector temperature was set to 280 °C and the temperature of the flame ionization detector (FID) was set to 300 °C. Exactly ⁇ of each sample was injected in the splitless mode at 0.5-min valve time. Data were acquired and processed with a LabSystems Atlas work station.
- Quantitative monomer composition data were obtained from the peak areas measured by GLC with FID detection. Molar responses of the monomers were calculated in line with the effective carbon number (ECN) concept but modified as described in the table below.
- the effective carbon number (ECN) concept has been described by Ackman (R.G. Ackman, J. Gas Chromatogr., 2 (1964) 173-179 and R.F. Addison, R.G. Ackman, J. Gas Chromatogr., 6 (1968) 135-138) and applied to the quantitative analysis of partially alkylated alditol acetates by Sweet et. al (D.P. Sweet, R.H. Shapiro, P. Albersheim, Carbohyd. Res., 40 (1975) 217- 225).
- the peak areas were multiplied by molar response factors MRFmonomer which are defined as the response relative to the 2,3,6-Me monomer.
- MRFmonomer molar response factors
- the mol fractions of the monomers were calculated by dividing the corrected peak areas by the total corrected peak area according to the following formulas:
- % methoxyl in methylcellulose was carried out according to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP34). The values obtained were % methoxyl. These were subsequently converted into degree of substitution (DS) for methyl substituents. Residual amounts of salt were taken into account in the conversion.
- Concentrated polymer solutions were prepared by adding dry cellulose ether powder to water which had an initial temperature of 25 °C while stirring to achieve a good dispersion. The mixture of the MC and water was cooled to 2 °C within 20 minutes while stirring. After the polymer solution reached the temperature of 2 °C, solution preparation was completed by high shear mixing using an immersion mixer for two minutes. Formulations were prepared by mixing a concentration phage solution with a stock solution of fully hydrated cellulose ether polymer and diluting with water to achieve the desired concentrations. Evaluation of Thermal Gelation
- Model substrates tested include chicken skin and slices of beef. Substrates were mounted on an aluminum pan and incubated in sealed container at 37C, only removing from the incubator to apply solutions. An area of approximately 10 cm 2 was inoculated with 1 mL of E. coli 11303 culture.
- the phage used for these studies is T4 bacteriophage (ATCC 11303-B4). This is a lytic (virulent) phage that specifically targets Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers - ATCC 11303. Solution was applied to the same area, either by spray or dripping from a pipette. During spray application and during the following incubation the sample was held vertical to allow dripping of non-gelled solution.
- CFU Colony Forming Unit
- the advantage of the gelling formulation is demonstrated through the increased efficacy when compared to a solution with no polymer.
- the bacteriophage solution containing 3% MC- 1 resulted in significantly greater reduction in bacteria than the solution containing bacteriophage with no polymer.
- the polymer with no bacteriophage demonstrated no antimicrobial activity.
- a range of viscosity grades of gelling polymer demonstrate increased activity. Solutions containing bacteriophage with the gelling polymers 5% MC-2, 2% MC-3, 1% MC-4, and 0.5% MC-5 each demonstrate significantly more decrease in bacteria when compared to only the solution of only bacteriophage.
- High and low viscosity grades of polymer demonstrate increased efficacy when compared to a solution containing no polymer.
- both the solution containing 5% MC-2 or 0.5% MC-5 with bacteriophage resulted in significantly greater reduction in bacteria.
- the benefit of gelling bacteriophage formulations was demonstrate on a model beef substrate.
- the gelling solution containing 3% MC-1 and bacteriophage resulted in a significantly greater reduction in bacteria than the sample containing only bacteriophage.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé pour réduire la contamination bactérienne sur une surface de produit alimentaire. Le procédé comprend l'application d'un bactériophage et d'une méthylcellulose sur la surface du produit alimentaire. La méthylcellulose comporte des unités anhydroglucose réunies par des liaisons en 1-4, des groupes hydroxy d'unités anhydroglucose étant substitués par des groupes méthyle de sorte que le rapport s23/s26 soit inférieur ou égal à 0,36, rapport dans lequel s23 correspond à la fraction molaire des unités anhydroglucose, les deux groupes hydroxy en positions 2 et 3 de l'unité anhydroglucose étant les seuls à être substitués par des groupes méthyle, et s26 correspond à la fraction molaire des unités anhydroglucose, les deux groupes hydroxy en positions 2 et 6 de l'unité anhydroglucose étant les seuls à être substitués par des groupes méthyle.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201462025237P | 2014-07-16 | 2014-07-16 | |
| US62/025,237 | 2014-07-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2016010751A1 true WO2016010751A1 (fr) | 2016-01-21 |
Family
ID=53716568
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2015/039175 Ceased WO2016010751A1 (fr) | 2014-07-16 | 2015-07-06 | Procédé de traitement de surfaces de produits alimentaires à l'aide de bactériophages |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR101096A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2016010751A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018128796A1 (fr) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Mélanges d'un dérivé de cellulose et d'un produit de dégradation à base de son |
| US11058131B2 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2021-07-13 | Kennesaw State University Research And Service Foundation, Inc. | Escherichia coli O157:H7 bacteriophage Φ241 |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB681052A (en) * | 1949-09-05 | 1952-10-15 | Algemene Kunstzijde Unie Nv | Improvements in the preservation of food |
| US3936312A (en) * | 1973-05-17 | 1976-02-03 | Mathias Stemmler | Composition for the preparation of coatings on meat and sausage goods |
| US6235893B1 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 2001-05-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for making cellulose ether having enhanced gel strength |
| EP1141029A1 (fr) | 1998-12-01 | 2001-10-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Procede et appareil de fabrication d'ethers de cellulose |
| US20020015697A1 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2002-02-07 | Kenneth Beckman | Biocidal methods and compositions |
| WO2004091505A2 (fr) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-10-28 | Salisbury University | Bacteriophage de lyse de methylobacterium et compositions et utilisations associees |
| US20090246336A1 (en) | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-01 | Ecolab Inc. | Bacteriophage treatment for reducing and preventing bacterial contamination |
| WO2013059065A1 (fr) | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Procédés et compositions pour induire une satiété |
| WO2013059064A1 (fr) | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Procédés et compositions pour induire la satiété |
-
2015
- 2015-07-02 AR ARP150102125A patent/AR101096A1/es unknown
- 2015-07-06 WO PCT/US2015/039175 patent/WO2016010751A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB681052A (en) * | 1949-09-05 | 1952-10-15 | Algemene Kunstzijde Unie Nv | Improvements in the preservation of food |
| US3936312A (en) * | 1973-05-17 | 1976-02-03 | Mathias Stemmler | Composition for the preparation of coatings on meat and sausage goods |
| EP1141029A1 (fr) | 1998-12-01 | 2001-10-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Procede et appareil de fabrication d'ethers de cellulose |
| US6235893B1 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 2001-05-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for making cellulose ether having enhanced gel strength |
| US20020015697A1 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2002-02-07 | Kenneth Beckman | Biocidal methods and compositions |
| WO2004091505A2 (fr) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-10-28 | Salisbury University | Bacteriophage de lyse de methylobacterium et compositions et utilisations associees |
| US20090246336A1 (en) | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-01 | Ecolab Inc. | Bacteriophage treatment for reducing and preventing bacterial contamination |
| WO2013059065A1 (fr) | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Procédés et compositions pour induire une satiété |
| WO2013059064A1 (fr) | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Procédés et compositions pour induire la satiété |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| "Ethyl Hydroxyethyl Cellulose in Carbohydrate Research", vol. 176, 1988, ELSEVIER SCIENCE, pages: 137 - 144 |
| COCHRAN, W. G.: "Estimation of Bacterial Densities by Means of the ''Most Probable Number", BIOMETRICS, 1950, pages 105 - 116 |
| D.P. SWEET; R.H. SHAPIRO; P. ALBERSHEIM, CARBOHYD. RES., vol. 40, 1975, pages 217 - 225 |
| R.F. ADDISON; R.G. ACKMAN, J. GAS CHROMATOGR., vol. 6, 1968, pages 135 - 138 |
| RG. ACKMAN, J. GAS CHROMATOGR., vol. 2, 1964, pages 173 - 179 |
| ROW, R.; TODD, R.; WAIDE, J.: "Microtechnique for Most-Probable-Number Analysis. The resulting Colony Forming Unit (CFU) value is reported as per milliliter", APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, vol. 33, no. 3, 1977, pages 675 - 680 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11058131B2 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2021-07-13 | Kennesaw State University Research And Service Foundation, Inc. | Escherichia coli O157:H7 bacteriophage Φ241 |
| WO2018128796A1 (fr) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Mélanges d'un dérivé de cellulose et d'un produit de dégradation à base de son |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR101096A1 (es) | 2016-11-23 |
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