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WO2016007164A1 - Appareil et procédé de commande de circuiterie de commutation - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de commande de circuiterie de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016007164A1
WO2016007164A1 PCT/US2014/046214 US2014046214W WO2016007164A1 WO 2016007164 A1 WO2016007164 A1 WO 2016007164A1 US 2014046214 W US2014046214 W US 2014046214W WO 2016007164 A1 WO2016007164 A1 WO 2016007164A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solid state
relay
electro
mechanical force
guided safety
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2014/046214
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Robert BOOOTH
Fred Henry Boettner
Richard Joseph GLOSSER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intelligent Platforms LLC
Original Assignee
GE Intelligent Platforms Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GE Intelligent Platforms Inc filed Critical GE Intelligent Platforms Inc
Priority to PCT/US2014/046214 priority Critical patent/WO2016007164A1/fr
Publication of WO2016007164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016007164A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current

Definitions

  • the subject matter disclosed herein generally relates to controlling the operation of electrical components, and more specifically, activating or deactivating switching
  • Control systems are also used in factories, businesses, offices, or schools sometimes and these sometimes utilize solenoids.
  • the solenoids can be used to actuate a wide variety of electrical and mechanical components or devices such as motors. Often, safety concerns arise in the place where the control system is located. When these safety issues arise, the solenoids may need to be shut off so as to remedy or address the unsafe operating conditions.
  • Electromechanical force relays are sometime exclusively used to actuate the solenoids utilized in these control systems. Unfortunately, these relays are typically large (with a large footprint), limited in lifetime, subject to welded contact failures, operate slowly, and are expensive.
  • Solid state relays have also have been exclusively used in some other previous systems. However, these relays are also expensive, have a smaller selection of contacts per package, and are subject to damage caused by voltage transients.
  • the approaches described herein provide high integrity, high reliability solenoid control solutions for safety systems.
  • the present approaches utilize an arrangement of electromechanical and solid state relays that leverages the strengths of each device type while minimizing the weaknesses of each type to provide a reliable system tripping capability.
  • a protection circuit includes one or more electromechanical force-guided safety relays and one or more solid state relays.
  • the solid state relays are coupled electrically in series to the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays.
  • the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays and the solid state relays are disposed between a power source and one or more controlled devices, and regulate current flow between the power source and the one or more controlled devices.
  • the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays and solid state relays are selectively instructed to open upon a determination of an unsafe operating condition in a system.
  • the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays open when the solid state relays malfunction and fail to open.
  • the solid state relays open when the electro-mechanical force- guided safety relays malfunction and fail to open.
  • the electro-mechanical force- guided safety relays and the solid state relays are closed during normal operating conditions.
  • the one or more controlled devices comprise a solenoid. Other examples of controlled devices are possible.
  • the determination of an unsafe operating condition is made by one or more controllers.
  • the one or more controllers provide one or more indications of at least one operating condition to a voting circuit.
  • the voting circuit determines a voltage level to apply to the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays or the solid state relays based upon the one or more indicators.
  • the voting circuit comprises a first voting circuit configured to control the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays and a second voting circuit configured to control the solid state relays.
  • the unsafe condition is determined, the solid state relays are opened at a first time and the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays are opened at a second and later time.
  • the relay protection circuit is disposed between a power source and one or more controlled devices.
  • the relay protection circuit includes at least one electromechanical force-guided safety relay and at least one solid state relay.
  • the solid state relays are coupled electrically in series with the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays.
  • An existence of an unsafe operating condition in a system is determined.
  • the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays and the solid state relays are selectively opened upon detection of the existence of the unsafe operating condition in the system.
  • the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays open when the solid state relays malfunction and fail to open.
  • FIG. 1 comprises a block diagram of a system for controlling various devices according to various embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 comprises a flow chart of one approach for controlling the actuation and de-actuation of various devices according to various embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 comprises a block diagram of an approach for controlling the actuation and de-actuation of various devices according to various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the approaches described herein simultaneously utilize electromechanical and solid state relays, and dispose and control the operation of these different relay types in a manner that accentuates the best features of each type, while minimizing the negative features of each of these types.
  • the control circuits described herein can be thought of as having two relay portions.
  • a first part of the circuit consists of one or more electromechanical force guided safety relays.
  • the two electromechanical relays are connected electrically in parallel so that online proof testing can be conducted at some interval.
  • Each electromechanical relay has, in one aspect, multiple contacts with one of the contacts reserved for a monitor feedback. The remaining contacts will feed an independent set of sold state relays. The independence allows different voltage sources to be fed to the different relay groupings.
  • the second part of the circuit includes one or more solid state relays.
  • the number of solid state relays used is based, in part, upon the current capability of the upstream
  • electromechanical relay and the number of terminal points available for access to the contacts.
  • Electromechanical force guided safety relays include high voltage/current capacity, multiple contacts per package, and the state of all contacts is often guaranteed to correspond, thereby allowing a contact to be used as feedback.
  • these relays are large and typically have a large footprint, have a lifetime that is limited to a fixed number of mechanical cycles, are subject to welded contact failure mode, are relatively slow in operation time, may have ATEX safety concerns, and are expensive
  • Solid state relays typically fast operation times, are small with a small footprint for single package, are inherently safe from an ATEX perspective, and have a lifetime that is not limited by mechanical operation. However, these relays offer a smaller selection of contacts per package, are subject to damage due to voltage transients, and are expensive.
  • the weakness of one relay type is offset by a strength of the other type. While both types can be expensive in some situations, using an optimized configuration can reduce the number of relays when compared to previous solutions. Therefore the present approaches have a lower system cost as compared to previous approaches. For example, an existing solid state solution requires 6 relays for one output to ensure that the relay output will always open despite any failure modes. Neglecting the second proof test relay, the same function in the present approaches only requires two relays.
  • the arrangement of the relays is made to increase tripping reliability.
  • the approaches open the relay contacts when commanded despite any single failure mode that might be in the system.
  • the solid state relays are the relays that are operated. They are quicker and not subject to the same lifetime limitations as the
  • electromechanical relays By monitoring the output side of the solid state contacts, the system can determine when relays fail to open. Upon detection of this event, the electromechanical relay can be opened. Under normal operation, this relay would only change states at power up and power down. In addition, the two electromechanical relay can toggle at a slow enough period to confirm their ability to operate via monitoring a contact feedback without significant impact on their lifetime.
  • the relays are commanded or controlled by a voted signal. In this sense, a failure in one of the controllers cannot create a trip. It also allows a single controller to be taken down for maintenance without affecting the online state of the system.
  • FIG. 1 one example of a system 100 for controlling various devices such as solenoids is described.
  • the system includes an electromagnetic (EM) relay portion 104 and a solid state relay portion 126.
  • the EM relay portion 104 is coupled to a direct current (DC) or alternating power (AC) source 102.
  • the solid state relay portion 126 is coupled to one or more controlled devices 136 via a connector 134.
  • the EM relay portion 104 includes a first electro-mechanical force-guided safety relay 106 (with contact pairs 110 and 112) and includes a second electro-mechanical force- guided safety relay 108 (with contact pairs 114 and 116).
  • the contact pairs 114, 116 open and close (allowing current to flow when closed, and preventing current from flowing when open) upon application of an electrical signal to a coil.
  • a first monitor 118 and first DC source 120 are coupled through contact pair 112.
  • a second monitor 122 and second DC source 124 are coupled through contact pair 116.
  • the purpose of the monitors 118, 122 is to leverage the nature of a force guided relay to monitor the state (e.g., open or closed) of the contact pairs 110 and 114.
  • the information obtained by the monitors 118, 122 may be utilized by any process, internal or external to the overall control system.
  • the solid state relay portion 126 includes a first solid state relay 128, a second solid state relay 130, and a third solid state relay 132.
  • the first solid state relay 128, the second solid state relay 130, and the third solid state relay 132 are solid state relays that utilize, for example, transistors as known in the art.
  • the solid state relays 128, 130, 132 are solid-state switches that open and close upon direct application of an electrical signal.
  • a first voting circuit 144 receives input signals from a first controller 138, a second controller 140, and a third controller 142.
  • the first voting circuit 144 forms a coil control signal for the first electro-mechanical force-guided safety relay 106 and the second electro-mechanical force-guided safety relay 108.
  • a second voting circuit 146 receives input signals from the first controller 138, the second controller 140, and the third controller 142.
  • the second voting circuit 146 forms an on/off signal for the first solid state relay 128. Additional repetitions of 146 are used to form on/off signal for the second solid state relay 130, and the third solid state relay 132.
  • the first controller 138, the second controller 140, and the third controller 142 are any appropriate combination of hardware and/or software that monitor a control system.
  • the one or more controlled devices 136 may be a solenoid, any machine, or any other type of electronic or mechanical devices.
  • the controlled devices 136 may operate in any setting or environment such as a factory, power plant, business, school, and home, to mention a few examples.
  • the first voting circuit 144 and the second voting circuit 146 operate according to a majority vote. For example, when two out of three of the first controller 138, the second controller 140, and the third controller 142 indicate that there is a problem, then the output of the first voting circuit 144 and the second voting circuit 146 goes from a first voltage level (that has kept the associated relay closed) to a second voltage level (that closes the associated relay).
  • a protection circuit includes the EM relay portion 104 and the solid state relay portion 126.
  • the protection circuit regulates current flow between the direct current (DC) or alternating power (AC) source power source 102 and the one or more controlled devices 136.
  • the various electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays 106, 108 and various solid state relays 128, 130, and 132 are selectively instructed to open upon a determination of an unsafe operating condition in a system. In these regards, the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays 106, 108 open when at least one of the solid state relays 128, 130, and 132 malfunction and fail to open.
  • the solid state relays 128, 130, and 132 open when one or more of the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays 106, 108 malfunction and fail to open. In other aspects, the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays 106, 108 and the solid state relays 128, 130, and 132 are closed during normal operating conditions. In some examples, the one or more controlled devices 136 comprise a solenoid. Other devices are possible.
  • the determination of an unsafe operating condition is made by one or more of the controllers 138, 140, 142.
  • the controllers 138, 140, 142 provide one or more indications of at least one operating condition to the voting circuits 144, 146.
  • the voting circuits 144, 146 determines a voltage level to apply to the electromechanical force-guided safety relays 106, 108 or the solid state relays 128, 130, 132 based upon the one or more indicators.
  • the solid state relay 128, 130, 132 is opened at a first time and the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relay 106, 108 is opened at a second and later time.
  • the relay protection circuit is disposed between a power source and one or more controlled devices.
  • the relay protection circuit includes one or more electromechanical force-guided safety relays and one or more solid state relays.
  • the solid state relays are coupled electrically in series to the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays.
  • an existence of an unsafe operating condition in a system is determined.
  • the unsafe operating condition may relate to voltage levels, temperature levels, pressure levels, frequency levels, states, or any other measurable or determinable condition. Other examples are possible.
  • the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays or the solid state relays are selectively opened upon the existence of the unsafe operating condition in the system.
  • the opening of the relays removes power and or current from the one or more controlled devices (e.g., the one or more controlled devices 136) thereby restoring or attempting to restore safe operating conditions in the system.
  • the electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays open when the solid state relays malfunction and fail to open.
  • the opening of the relays removes power and or current from the one or more controlled devices (e.g., the one or more controlled devices 136) thereby restoring or attempting to restore safe operating conditions in the system.
  • One or more controllers 302 are coupled to a processing block 304.
  • the processing block 304 is coupled to relays 306.
  • the relays may be combination of solid state relays or electro-mechanical force-guided safety relays. There are also n-lines from the one or more controllers 302.
  • one line may come from each one of four controllers. It will be appreciated that the controllers can be physically integrated and operate together or physically separate and operate independently from each other. It will also be understood that the controllers can be located in the same physically location (or in close physical proximity) to the protection circuit or can be located remotely from the protection circuit.
  • the voltage may be set to VI and this opens the contacts. Otherwise, the voltage is set to a voltage level V2 and this keeps the contacts closed. In one example this may control solenoids but this is not limited to controlling solenoids.

Landscapes

  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit de protection qui comprend un ou plusieurs relais de sécurité guidés par force électromécanique (EM) et un ou plusieurs relais à semi-conducteurs. Les relais à semi-conducteurs sont couplés électriquement en série avec les relais de sécurité guidés par force électromécanique. Les relais de sécurité guidés par force électromécanique et les relais à semi-conducteurs sont disposés entre une source d'alimentation et un ou plusieurs dispositifs commandés, et régulent la circulation du courant entre la source d'alimentation et le ou les dispositifs commandés. Une instruction d'ouverture est sélectivement donnée aux relais de sécurité guidés par force électromécanique et aux relais à semi-conducteurs lors de la détermination de conditions de fonctionnement dangereuses dans un système. Les relais de sécurité guidés par force électromécanique s'ouvrent quand les relais à semi-conducteur dysfonctionnent et ne s'ouvrent pas.
PCT/US2014/046214 2014-07-10 2014-07-10 Appareil et procédé de commande de circuiterie de commutation Ceased WO2016007164A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2014/046214 WO2016007164A1 (fr) 2014-07-10 2014-07-10 Appareil et procédé de commande de circuiterie de commutation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2014/046214 WO2016007164A1 (fr) 2014-07-10 2014-07-10 Appareil et procédé de commande de circuiterie de commutation

Publications (1)

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WO2016007164A1 true WO2016007164A1 (fr) 2016-01-14

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PCT/US2014/046214 Ceased WO2016007164A1 (fr) 2014-07-10 2014-07-10 Appareil et procédé de commande de circuiterie de commutation

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105807652A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2016-07-27 上海旻成峰电子科技有限公司 一种智能固态继电器的智能操控系统及操控方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2207308A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-01-25 Telemecanique Electrique Overcurrent protection circuit
US5132865A (en) * 1989-09-13 1992-07-21 Merlin Gerin Ultra high-speed circuit breaker with galvanic isolation
EP2234136A1 (fr) * 2007-12-28 2010-09-29 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd Commutateur de courant continu

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2207308A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-01-25 Telemecanique Electrique Overcurrent protection circuit
US5132865A (en) * 1989-09-13 1992-07-21 Merlin Gerin Ultra high-speed circuit breaker with galvanic isolation
EP2234136A1 (fr) * 2007-12-28 2010-09-29 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd Commutateur de courant continu

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105807652A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2016-07-27 上海旻成峰电子科技有限公司 一种智能固态继电器的智能操控系统及操控方法

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