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WO2016001479A1 - Procédé et appareil pour traiter le lignite avec des microbes pour réduire les risques environnementaux associés à sa combustion - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour traiter le lignite avec des microbes pour réduire les risques environnementaux associés à sa combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016001479A1
WO2016001479A1 PCT/FI2015/000031 FI2015000031W WO2016001479A1 WO 2016001479 A1 WO2016001479 A1 WO 2016001479A1 FI 2015000031 W FI2015000031 W FI 2015000031W WO 2016001479 A1 WO2016001479 A1 WO 2016001479A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lignite
combustion
fermentation process
gases
fermentation
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Ceased
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PCT/FI2015/000031
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English (en)
Inventor
Eino Elias Hakalehto
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2016001479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016001479A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P3/00—Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
    • C12M43/04—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with combustion devices or plants, e.g. for carbon dioxide removal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • Lignite is a form of fossil fuel that is very abundant in the soil of many countries. Large quantities are produced for example in China, the USA, Russia, Germany, Tru, the Czech Republic, Canada, and Australia, for use in industry and in municipal power plants. However, the burning of lignite, especially in the last few decades, has been found to cause serious environmental problems.
  • Potential treatment methods must therefore, in particular, improve the manageability and reduce the environmental impact of lignite in relation to the above-mentioned factors a) in an economically advantageous fashion and b) in such a way that the constituents of lignite can be better recovered.
  • attention must also be paid to c) the ecological sustainability of treatment processes, and d) reduction of local environmental pressures, as well as e) global effects, such as greenhouse gases and acidification.
  • Previous studies on the use of microbes in reducing the environmental impact of lignite utilization or related wastewater treatment have been done e.g. with anaerobic methane bacteria (Kuschk et al. 2010).
  • the present invention describes a fermentation process aiming to clean lignite (Figure 1), with the purpose of improving the usability of lignite in energy production from the viewpoint of environmental protection, process technology, and overall economic advantage.
  • Characteristic of the equipment used is that its operation is adjusted and optimized by measuring and adjusting the composition and flow rates of gas flows. In this case, the subject of adjustment may be gas flows led from both combustion and fermentation processes.
  • lignite If one wishes to treat lignite with microbes, it must first be crushed or pulverised, which in any event falls within the normal treatment process (Fa/ara & Twardowski 1999). Also, the moisture content of lignite can vary considerably, so that an elevated moisture content lowers the calorific value. Bacteria obtained as natural strains, for example from the purification plant processes in a wood-processing factory or from the effluent of a food production facility, can in turn produce combustible organic compounds in the liquid phase, which raise calorific value and other characteristics of combustion.
  • Gaseous substances formed in micro-biological processes such as H 2 and H 2 S can be led from the solution, so that utilization of their energy content can be developed.
  • Methods have also been developed for industrial desulphurization.
  • the above-mentioned gases can be led in a controlled manner into a combustion chamber, in which they can contribute to the combustion of coal. Naturally, this requires their dilution in order to prevent explosive effects.
  • This dilution can be carried out by means of exhaust gases from combustion, in which the oxygen content is also significantly reduced. Before the gas mixture thus formed is led into the combustion chamber, its composition must be carefully measured.
  • Carboniferous combustion gases can also be led into bioprocessing, where they prevent the escape of carbon beyond reach of the microbes by raising the partial pressure of carbon oxides.
  • soluble carbon can be assimilated into the bioprocess using various microbial strains derived and enriched from natural sources or from waste materials.
  • concentrated atmospheric nitrogen gas if necessary with added carbon dioxide, can be used as an anaerobic carrier gas and in starting the process.
  • sulphur can be extracted and evaporated from lignite, while at the same time the microbes also increase the calorific value of the coal suspension.
  • lignite is ground and/or pulverised
  • waste liquor or other organic material is added, which contains the necessary microbial strains (usually, these are naturally enriched in the said liquor or material)
  • combustible liquids formed in the bioprocess can be used in the combustion of coal, or they can be separated and cleaned for chemical processing
  • the objectives of environmental process engineering can be achieved, because the quantities of emitted sulphur and greenhouse gases are reduced.
  • the energy efficiency of coal use increases, and the hydrogen gas and hydrogen sulphide released in the bioprocess can also be used in the production of energy.
  • the latter can also be collected as valuable elemental sulphur.
  • Carbon capture is particularly efficient, and thus the same investment in raw material can be made to produce much more energy in the longer term.

Landscapes

  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention décrit un procédé de fermentation visant à purifier le lignite (Figure 1), l'objectif étant d'améliorer les possibilités d'utilisation du lignite lors de la production d'énergie du point de vue de la protection de l'environnement, de la technologie des procédés et des avantages économiques globaux. Une caractéristique de l'équipement utilisé est que son exploitation est ajustée et optimisée par mesure et ajustement de la composition et des débits des flux gazeux.
PCT/FI2015/000031 2014-07-01 2015-07-01 Procédé et appareil pour traiter le lignite avec des microbes pour réduire les risques environnementaux associés à sa combustion Ceased WO2016001479A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20140197 2014-07-01
FI20140197 2014-07-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016001479A1 true WO2016001479A1 (fr) 2016-01-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2015/000031 Ceased WO2016001479A1 (fr) 2014-07-01 2015-07-01 Procédé et appareil pour traiter le lignite avec des microbes pour réduire les risques environnementaux associés à sa combustion

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016001479A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114289474A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-04-08 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 一种快速碳固定和稳定化的焚烧炉渣预处理方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4206288A (en) * 1978-05-05 1980-06-03 Union Carbide Corporation Microbial desulfurization of coal
EP0499502B1 (fr) * 1991-02-11 1994-06-01 Degremont Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de dépollution d'eaux résiduaires
CA2147554A1 (fr) * 1995-04-21 1996-10-22 Michael V. Rowley Methode pour traiter des solutions renfermant des ions sulfates et metaux
WO2001056938A1 (fr) * 2000-02-01 2001-08-09 Marsden John Christopher Production d'hydrogene a partir de matieres organiques decomposees par un procede ananerobie
UA91011C2 (uk) * 2006-08-28 2010-06-25 Восточноукраинский Национальный Университет Имени Владимира Даля Спосіб генерування водню
US20110262987A1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Downey Robert A Solubilization of Carbonaceous Materials and Conversion to Hydrocarbons and Other Useful Products
CN102517368A (zh) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 河南理工大学 一种利用微生物降解煤以制取生物气的方法
CN103045652A (zh) * 2012-11-14 2013-04-17 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 利用微生物将褐煤转化为甲烷的方法
KR101300987B1 (ko) * 2013-01-30 2013-08-27 군산대학교산학협력단 바이오매스와 석탄을 이용하여 바이오 오일을 제조하는 방법

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4206288A (en) * 1978-05-05 1980-06-03 Union Carbide Corporation Microbial desulfurization of coal
EP0499502B1 (fr) * 1991-02-11 1994-06-01 Degremont Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de dépollution d'eaux résiduaires
CA2147554A1 (fr) * 1995-04-21 1996-10-22 Michael V. Rowley Methode pour traiter des solutions renfermant des ions sulfates et metaux
WO2001056938A1 (fr) * 2000-02-01 2001-08-09 Marsden John Christopher Production d'hydrogene a partir de matieres organiques decomposees par un procede ananerobie
UA91011C2 (uk) * 2006-08-28 2010-06-25 Восточноукраинский Национальный Университет Имени Владимира Даля Спосіб генерування водню
US20110262987A1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Downey Robert A Solubilization of Carbonaceous Materials and Conversion to Hydrocarbons and Other Useful Products
CN102517368A (zh) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 河南理工大学 一种利用微生物降解煤以制取生物气的方法
CN103045652A (zh) * 2012-11-14 2013-04-17 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 利用微生物将褐煤转化为甲烷的方法
KR101300987B1 (ko) * 2013-01-30 2013-08-27 군산대학교산학협력단 바이오매스와 석탄을 이용하여 바이오 오일을 제조하는 방법

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SHENNAN J L.: "Microbial attack on sulphur#containing hydrocarbons: Implications for the biodesulphurisation of oils and coals.", JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, vol. 67, no. 2, October 1996 (1996-10-01), pages 109 - 123, XP000637771, ISSN: 0268-2575 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114289474A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-04-08 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 一种快速碳固定和稳定化的焚烧炉渣预处理方法
CN114289474B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2023-08-29 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 一种快速碳固定和稳定化的焚烧炉渣预处理方法

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