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WO2016095788A1 - Traverse de chemin de fer en matériau composite et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Traverse de chemin de fer en matériau composite et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016095788A1
WO2016095788A1 PCT/CN2015/097340 CN2015097340W WO2016095788A1 WO 2016095788 A1 WO2016095788 A1 WO 2016095788A1 CN 2015097340 W CN2015097340 W CN 2015097340W WO 2016095788 A1 WO2016095788 A1 WO 2016095788A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
resin
base profile
mats
mat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/097340
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵沐通
张跃进
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangdong CIMC Eco New Material Development Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangdong CIMC Eco New Material Development Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangdong CIMC Eco New Material Development Co Ltd filed Critical Guangdong CIMC Eco New Material Development Co Ltd
Publication of WO2016095788A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016095788A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/46—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from different materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/44—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from other materials only if the material is essential
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of composite materials, and is particularly suitable for composite sleepers supporting rails in railway lines.
  • Sleepers are an indispensable material in the field of railway transportation. Its role is to under the rail, to maintain the geometrical position of the gauge, horizontal, height and direction between two or more rails by interconnecting parts, and to distribute the various loads on the rail evenly on the track bed. basically. Therefore, the sleeper must have rigidity, durability and elasticity.
  • the sleepers used in railway construction projects are: wooden sleepers, reinforced concrete sleepers and steel sleepers.
  • the well-known wooden sleeper rails are widely used in special sections such as bridges and ballasts because of their advantages of good elasticity, easy processing, and ease of use.
  • the strength and durability of the wooden pillow are not uniform enough, and the wheel-rail dynamic force is increased, so that the service life of the wooden pillow is short.
  • the wooden pillows Under the open air conditions, affected by the environment and climate, the wooden pillows are easy to age, decay and chryscle.
  • the wood pillow anti-corrosion layer is destroyed during construction, this aging decay phenomenon will be significantly aggravated. Under the impact and rolling of long-term train load, it is easy to cause mechanical wear of the wooden pillow, shorten the service life and cause inconsistency in elasticity.
  • the nail hole on the wooden pillow will be slack due to the long-term use, and the nail holding ability will be reduced, resulting in a safety hazard of driving.
  • the quality of wood resources is relatively scarce, the supply of wood raw materials is decreasing, and it is increasingly incompatible with environmental protection and ecological protection requirements.
  • Reinforced concrete sleepers are also commonly used sleepers, which overcome the shortcomings of short life of wooden sleepers, have long life and good stability, but because of the hardness of this type of sleepers, they play The performance is poor, the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing effect is also poor, and the problem of cracking is prone to occur after a period of use, which affects the safe operation of the railway. Reinforced concrete sleepers are heavy and bulky compared to wooden sleepers, making them difficult to lay, maintain, and transport.
  • the present invention provides a composite sleeper comprising a base profile extending in a longitudinal direction, the base profile having a cavity extending therethrough.
  • the base profile is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite comprising a resin and a fiber reinforcement, the fiber reinforcement comprising a fiber mat and a fiber yarn, and the fiber mat is in the base profile
  • the fiber yarn is laid around the cavity, and the fiber yarn includes a plurality of fibers distributed in the longitudinal direction in the vicinity of the fiber mat.
  • the fiber mat is laid in the base profile as a unit of fiber mat or a plurality of unit fiber mats arranged in order from the inner layer to the outer layer of the base profile, and the fiber mat of each unit comprises a plurality of pieces A fiber mat that is laid to wrap around the cavity.
  • the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing the above composite sleeper comprising the steps of: (1) providing a suitable amount of fiber reinforcement and resin, the fiber reinforcement comprising fiber yarn, fiber mat, and the reinforcing material Divided into multiple groups;
  • Pre-forming the layered structure of the resin-impregnated fiber-reinforced material is drawn into the cavity of the preforming apparatus at a predetermined speed, and the resin-impregnated fiber-reinforced material is removed to remove excess resin, and bubbles are eliminated. And making the shape close to the shape of the inlet of the forming mold;
  • Molding and curing the resin-impregnated fiber-reinforced material is drawn into the molding die through a cavity of the preforming device at a predetermined speed, and the structure of the basic profile required for the sleeper is obtained by curing in the molding die, and passes through the molding die. Heating the fiber reinforcement;
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the main production process of the composite sleeper with the filling material body in the core is the pultrusion process, which has high production efficiency, less waste of raw materials, good consistency of the integrity and cross-sectional shape, and unlimited length of the profile.
  • the sleeper is modularized in the factory, which has less damage to the environment, convenient transportation and hoisting, and lower construction cost.
  • the sleeper can also be used for the sleeper to be repaired, that is, to replace the existing sleeper.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a composite sleeper in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the composite sleeper shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing the internal structure of a fiber reinforced resin-based composite material of a composite sleeper according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D are diagrams showing internal structures of a fiber reinforced resin-based composite material of a composite sleeper according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a pipeline for manufacturing a composite sleeper according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of another example of a pipeline for making a composite sleeper in accordance with the present invention.
  • Cross section means a section perpendicular to the "longitudinal” direction.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a composite sleeper in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sleeper comprises a base profile 1 extending in the longitudinal direction (in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1).
  • the base profile 1 has a cavity that runs through in the longitudinal direction.
  • the cavity may be empty or may be filled with a core 2 to prevent moisture or the like from entering the cavity.
  • the base profile 1 of the sleeper shown in Fig. 1 has a rectangular cylindrical shape; that is, the base profile 1 can be regarded as forming a cylindrical body by hollowing out a smaller rectangular body in the longitudinal direction, the cylinder being The cross section is two rectangles nested.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the composite sleeper of Figure 1 (the composite sleeper of Figure 2 has a core 2, which may also have no core).
  • X, Y in the figure are the thickness of the wall of the rectangular cylinder at two different positions. The thickness may be different at different locations or may be the same.
  • the aforementioned rectangular cylinders in addition to the four corners, have the same wall thickness, and the wall thickness is 8-25 mm.
  • the base profile 1 may be a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material made of 60% to 85% by weight of a fiber reinforcing material and 15% to 40% of a resin.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material includes a resin 5 including a fiber mat 6 (shown as a thick solid line in FIG. 3) and a fiber yarn 7 (as shown in FIG. 3). Point shown).
  • the fiber mat 6 is laid around the cavity in the base profile 1.
  • the fiber yarn 7 includes a plurality of fibers distributed in the longitudinal direction in the vicinity of the fiber mat 6.
  • the fiber yarn 7 provides tensile strength in the longitudinal direction.
  • fiber yarns generally have high strength only in the longitudinal direction and low strength in the transverse direction. If only fiber yarns are used, the resulting sleepers can only resist tensile stresses in the longitudinal direction and apply lateral or other stresses (for example, rails are mounted on rails, and when the train is running, the bolts are Overcoming the stress applied by the train to the sleepers in all directions), the sleepers will easily yield and break. Therefore, the composite material in the technical solution of the present invention is also reinforced with the fiber mat 6.
  • the fiber mat 6 may be a biaxial or multiaxial braided felt or mesh cloth, i.e., fibers are woven in more than two directions of its plane such that it has high mechanical properties in the plurality of directions described. .
  • the fiber mat 6 may be a fiberglass mat, a fiberglass mat, a fiberglass mat, a carbon fiber mat, an aramid cloth, a polyester cloth, or a mixture thereof.
  • the fiber mat 6 can be a three-axial series of felt mats. This three-axis normal angle is 0°/45°/-45° and 45°/90°/-45°. At the same time, the angle can be arbitrarily adjusted within ⁇ 20 to ⁇ 90°.
  • the total grammage of the fiber mat 6 can be selected from the range of 752 g/m2 to 1242 g/m2.
  • the fiber mat 6 may have a radial breaking strength of 780 N/25 mm to 3000 N/25 mm and a latitudinal breaking strength of 650 N/25 mm to 2500 N/25 mm.
  • two fiber mats form a cavity in which the unit is wrapped around the base profile 1 in a cylindrical shape.
  • one skilled in the art can use one block as needed. It is also possible to use three, four or more fiber mats which are arranged in order from the inner layer to the outer layer of the base profile 1 like the two fiber mats shown in FIG.
  • the fiber mat may have a shape other than a cylindrical shape.
  • four planar fiber mats 61, 62, 63, 64 may be provided, and the fiber mats 61, 62, 63, 64 are respectively distributed on the four planar walls of the rectangular tubular base profile 1. in.
  • the four fiber felts surround the cavity of the base profile 1 such that the base profile 1 has its own position at each of its four walls and at various corners. Have the required mechanical properties.
  • FIG. 4B there may be two fiber mats 65, 66.
  • the fiber mat 65 is folded into an inverted trough shape (having a cross section such as a "U" shape, as shown in FIG. 4B), covering an entire wall of the rectangular tubular base profile 1 and adjacent to the entire wall.
  • the fiber mat 66 is also folded into a trough shape (having a cross section such as a "U" shape, as shown in FIG.
  • planar fiber mats 67, 68, 69, 70 and two "U" shaped fiber mats 71, 72 there may be four planar fiber mats 67, 68, 69, 70 and two "U" shaped fiber mats 71, 72; wherein the planar fiber mats 67, 68, 69, 70 Located on the inner side of the "U” shaped fiber mats 71, 72, respectively distributed in the four planar walls of the rectangular tubular base profile 1, and the "U" shaped fiber mats 71, 72 are located in the planar fiber mats 67, 68.
  • the outer sides of 69, 70 respectively cover an entire wall of the rectangular tubular base profile 1 and about half of the walls adjacent to the entire wall; the two "U” shaped fiber mats 71, 72 are mutually “ “Bucking” covers the four walls of the base profile 1, that is, wraps around the cavity, which allows the base profile 1 to have the desired mechanical properties at various locations of its four walls and at various corners.
  • the planar fiber mats 67, 68, 69, 70 are shown located inside the "U" shaped fiber mats 71, 72, the former being also located outside of the latter.
  • FIG. 4D Yet another example of a fiber mat structure is shown in Figure 4D. As shown, it may have a planar fiber mat 73 and a "U" shaped fiber mat 74; wherein the planar fiber mat 73 is distributed in a planar wall of the rectangular tubular base profile 1; The "U" shaped fiber mats 74 are distributed in the three planar walls of the rectangular tubular base profile 1. The planar fiber mat 73 and the "U” The fiber mat 74 wraps around the cavity, which allows the base profile 1 to have the desired mechanical properties at various locations of its four walls and at various corners.
  • each such structure constitutes a "unit” in which a plurality of such "units" can be arranged in order from the inner layer to the outer layer of the base profile 1, as shown in the two tubular fiber mats shown in FIG.
  • one sleeper can have from one to four units, each unit comprising 1-3 layers of fiber mat laid to surround the cavity, such that there are about 1-10 layers of fiber mat. These units may be arranged in the same unit repeatedly, or different types of units may be sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside.
  • the "unit" of the fiber mat described in Figures 3, 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D has a plurality of fiber mats. These multiple fiber mats may be of the same type of fiber mat or different types of fiber mats, depending on the needs of the particular application.
  • the planar fiber mat 73 may be a fiberglass mat
  • the "U" fiber mat 74 may be a carbon fiber mat.
  • all of the fiber mats in the "unit” are made of the same type of fiber mat (for example, a glass fiber woven felt), different types of fiber mats having different strengths and weaves can be selected as needed.
  • the fiber mats 61, 62, 63, 64 shown in Fig. 4A may each be selected from fiber mats having a total gram weight in the range of 752 g/m2 to 1242 g/m2, wherein the fiber mats 61 and 63 may be selected to be about 943 g/ M2 triaxial fiberglass woven mat, while fiber mats 62 and 64 may be selected from 934 g/m2 triaxial fiberglass woven mat.
  • the fiber yarn 7 in the fiber reinforced material may be carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyester fiber or a mixture thereof.
  • the fiber yarn 7 may be a glass fiber having a linear density of from 2400 tex to 9600 tex.
  • the tensile strength may be 100 MPa to 300 MPa
  • the tensile elastic modulus may be 7,000 MPa to 8000 MPa
  • the elongation at break may be 1.5% to 4%.
  • the above resin 5 may be an unsaturated polyester resin (for example, a vinyl ester resin), a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like.
  • the fiber reinforcing material is a fiber yarn and a fiber mat, and the fiber reinforcing material is 60% to 70% by weight, an unsaturated polyester resin or a vinyl ester.
  • the resin is 30% to 40%.
  • the fiber reinforcement is a fiber yarn or a fiber yarn and a fiber mat, and the fiber reinforcement is 65% to 85% by weight, and the polyurethane resin is 15% to 35%.
  • the resin 5 is an epoxy resin
  • the fiber reinforcing material is a fiber yarn or a fiber yarn and a fiber mat, and the fiber reinforcing material is 65% to 85% by weight, and the epoxy resin is 15% to 35%.
  • the material of the core 2 may be selected from the group consisting of phenolic foam, polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, polystyrene foam, recycled plastic, recycled plastic and wood chip mixture.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of one example of a pipeline used to make a composite sleeper in accordance with the present invention.
  • One embodiment of a method of manufacturing the above composite sleeper according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The method includes the following steps:
  • Pre-forming the layered structure of the resin-impregnated fiber-reinforced material is drawn into the cavity of the preforming apparatus 26 at a predetermined speed to remove the resin-impregnated fiber-reinforced material. Remove excess resin, remove air bubbles, and shape it close to the shape of the inlet of the forming mold;
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of another example of a pipeline used to make a composite sleeper in accordance with the present invention. Another embodiment of a method of manufacturing the above composite sleeper according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The method is similar to the method described in the above embodiments, however, the fiber reinforcement material is divided into two groups, the first group of fiber reinforcement materials are laid in the inner layer of the base profile (1), and the second group of fiber reinforcement materials are laid. In the outer layer of the base profile 1.
  • the first set of fiber reinforcements are directed through a first set of guides 23 to a first set of impregnation apparatus 24, which are initially formed by impregnation of the resin through a first set of preforming apparatus 26; After being guided by the second group of guiding devices 23 to the second group of impregnation devices 24, after being impregnated with the resin, they are solidified together with the first group of impregnated fiber reinforcing materials through a second set of preforming equipment into the cavity of the forming mold.
  • the fiber mat is laid around the cavity in the base profile 1 into two units of fiber mats arranged in sequence from the inner layer to the outer layer of the base profile 1, the fiber mat of each unit being laid to wrap around the cavity A plurality of fiber mats of the body.
  • the fiber reinforcing materials are divided into two groups, which are respectively impregnated with a resin and subjected to preforming to form the fiber reinforcing material into two layers.
  • the fiber reinforcing materials may be divided into three groups, four groups or more as needed, respectively impregnating the resin and performing preforming to form the fiber reinforcing material into three, four or more Units arranged in order from the inside to the outside.
  • the molding die 27 has a length of 900 to 1200 mm.
  • the molding die 27 can be provided with two different heating zones, the temperature of one zone is 60-75 ° C, and the temperature of the second zone is 80-120 ° C.
  • the composite sleeper manufactured by the above method has no core.
  • the core 2 is added to the base profile 1 by the following two methods to obtain a core-filled composite sleeper: 1): a sleeper obtained by in-mold curing to obtain a composite of the base profile 1 and the core material; 2)
  • the rectangular cylinder of the base profile 1 is produced separately and then the cavity of the rectangular cylinder of the base profile 1 is filled with the core 2 material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une traverse de chemin de fer en matériau composite et son procédé de fabrication. La traverse de chemin de fer comprend une barre de section de base qui s'étend dans la direction longitudinale. La barre de section de base est pourvue d'une cavité qui passe à travers la barre de section de base dans la direction longitudinale. La barre de section de base est constituée d'un matériau composite à matrice de résine renforcée par des fibres. Le matériau composite à matrice de résine renforcée par des fibres comprend une résine et un matériau renforcé par des fibres. Le matériau renforcé par des fibres comprend des nattes de fibres et fils de fibres. Les nattes de fibres sont posées autour de la cavité sous forme de couches dans la barre de section de base. De multiples fils de fibres sont distribués à proximité des nattes de fibres dans la direction longitudinale. En outre, les nattes de fibres sont posées dans la barre de section de base en une unité formant natte de fibres ou en de multiples unités formant nattes de fibres disposées séquentiellement de la couche intérieure vers la couche extérieure. Chaque unité formant natte de fibres comprend de multiples nattes de fibres et les multiples nattes de fibres sont posées autour de la cavité.
PCT/CN2015/097340 2014-12-19 2015-12-15 Traverse de chemin de fer en matériau composite et son procédé de fabrication Ceased WO2016095788A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410799847.0 2014-12-19
CN201410799847.0A CN104452485A (zh) 2014-12-19 2014-12-19 一种复合材料轨枕及其制造方法

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WO2016095788A1 true WO2016095788A1 (fr) 2016-06-23

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WO (1) WO2016095788A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2582779A (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-10-07 Oxford Plastic Sys Ltd Railway sleeper
WO2023080881A1 (fr) 2021-11-08 2023-05-11 T. C. Erci̇yes Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ Traverse en béton durable, monobloc, non précontrainte sans étrier qui empêche les dommages dus à la résonance

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WO2016095454A1 (fr) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 赵沭通 Traverse ferroviaire constituée de matériau composite et son procédé de fabrication
CN104452485A (zh) * 2014-12-19 2015-03-25 中格复合材料（南通）有限公司 一种复合材料轨枕及其制造方法
CN105332324B (zh) * 2015-11-25 2018-01-12 中格复合材料（南通）有限公司 一种复合材料轨枕
CN109049480A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-21 苏州意耐实业有限公司 一种轨枕及其生产方法
CN108773391B (zh) * 2018-09-06 2023-12-19 靳宗宝 碳纤维复合材料横移梁
CN111088727B (zh) * 2019-12-06 2021-10-01 武汉纺织大学 一种高耐候性和高强度的复合结构轨枕及其制备方法
CN112897935B (zh) * 2021-01-30 2022-06-21 威海瑞合铁路轨枕有限公司 一种树脂混凝土轨枕
CN114589932B (zh) * 2022-03-28 2024-11-22 湖州守真新材料科技有限公司 复合材料体、浸渍设备、及成型设备和方法、型材
CN115609959B (zh) * 2022-10-14 2025-06-24 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 一种复合材料轨枕及其制备方法
CN117966522A (zh) * 2024-03-19 2024-05-03 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 一种一体成型合成轨枕、制备工艺及制备装置

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CN103866653B (zh) * 2014-02-28 2016-01-20 滕州市华海新型保温材料有限公司 一种新型夹芯结构合成枕木及其连续拉挤成型工艺
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CN101457504A (zh) * 2008-12-19 2009-06-17 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 增强纤维合成轨枕
CN102070892A (zh) * 2010-11-29 2011-05-25 青岛华轩复合新材料科技有限公司 一种复合材料轨枕及其生产工艺
CN203901733U (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-10-29 南京诺尔泰复合材料设备制造有限公司 连续玻璃纤维增强frp瓦生产线
CN104452485A (zh) * 2014-12-19 2015-03-25 中格复合材料（南通）有限公司 一种复合材料轨枕及其制造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2582779A (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-10-07 Oxford Plastic Sys Ltd Railway sleeper
WO2023080881A1 (fr) 2021-11-08 2023-05-11 T. C. Erci̇yes Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ Traverse en béton durable, monobloc, non précontrainte sans étrier qui empêche les dommages dus à la résonance

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