WO2016093022A1 - ガラス溶解用バーナ、ガラス溶解炉、ガラス溶解方法及びガラス製造方法 - Google Patents
ガラス溶解用バーナ、ガラス溶解炉、ガラス溶解方法及びガラス製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016093022A1 WO2016093022A1 PCT/JP2015/082197 JP2015082197W WO2016093022A1 WO 2016093022 A1 WO2016093022 A1 WO 2016093022A1 JP 2015082197 W JP2015082197 W JP 2015082197W WO 2016093022 A1 WO2016093022 A1 WO 2016093022A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel gas
- glass
- glass melting
- oxygen
- burner
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/04—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in tank furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a glass melting burner used in a melting tank for alkali-free glass and the like, a glass melting furnace to which the glass melting burner is applied, a glass melting method, and a glass manufacturing method.
- a glass melting burner described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-261663 is known.
- This gas melting burner is a mixture of oxygen and fuel gas and burned.
- Glass melted at high temperatures such as non-alkali glass for liquid crystal display substrates, has a melting temperature higher than that of ordinary soda lime glass by about 100 ° C., and has a lot of volatilization from the molten glass in the melting tank. In particular, when the glass contains boric acid or the like, it tends to be volatilized easily.
- the present invention is proposed in view of such circumstances, and provides a glass melting furnace, a glass melting method, and a glass manufacturing method to which a highly efficient glass melting burner and such a glass melting burner are applied.
- the purpose is to do.
- a glass melting burner is a glass melting burner provided in a glass melting tank, and is an injection surface facing into the glass melting tank, opened to the injection surface, and A refractory block including a fuel gas hole for injecting a fuel gas into the glass melting tank, and an oxygen gas hole adjacent to the fuel gas hole and opened to the injection surface to inject oxygen gas into the glass melting tank; A fuel gas nozzle provided in the fuel gas hole and for injecting fuel gas through the fuel gas hole, and in the glass melting tank, the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas hole is converted into the oxygen gas.
- the fuel gas hole is combusted together with oxygen gas injected from the hole, and the fuel gas hole has a predetermined chamfered portion.
- the glass melting furnace according to this application is provided with the glass melting burner.
- the glass melting method and glass manufacturing method according to this application uses the glass melting furnace.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a highly efficient glass melting burner by reducing the adhesion of volatile matter to the periphery of the fuel gas hole of the glass melting burner and burning of the fuel gas nozzle due to radiant heat. Moreover, according to this invention, glass can be melt
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the structure of an oxygen burner, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is sectional drawing, (c) is a partially expanded sectional view which expanded the vicinity of the fuel gas exit of a fuel gas hole, (d) is a figure. It is a partially expanded sectional view explaining other embodiment of the structure of the fuel gas exit vicinity. It is a figure which shows a comparative example, and is a partially expanded sectional view which shows the fuel gas exit vicinity of the conventional oxygen burner.
- the glass melting burner is assumed to be an oxygen burner using natural gas as fuel gas and 93% by volume or more of oxygen as oxygen gas.
- the glass melting burner of the present invention is not limited to the oxygen burner.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an oxygen burner according to the present embodiment. As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1A, the oxygen burner includes a refractory block 10 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the refractory block 10 can be made of a refractory material such as brick.
- the refractory block 10 has an injection surface 11 in which a fuel gas outlet 13a and an oxygen outlet 14a are formed, and a back surface 12 in which a fuel gas inlet 13b and an oxygen inlet 14b are formed and opposed to the injection surface 11.
- the ejection surface 11 has a substantially flat shape and is arranged toward the melting tank that accommodates the molten glass.
- the fuel gas outlet 13a and the oxygen outlet 14a are formed adjacent to each other.
- the center-to-center distance between the fuel gas outlet 13a and the oxygen outlet 14a is preferably 80 to 180 mm, more preferably 100 to 150 mm.
- the fireproof block 10 can be prevented from cracking when the fireproof block 10 is molded.
- the distance between the centers is 180 mm or less, the fuel gas and oxygen can be sufficiently mixed, and oxyfuel combustion can be stabilized. Thereby, the thermal efficiency of oxyfuel combustion is improved and the generation of nitrogen oxides is also reduced.
- the refractory block 10 communicates with the fuel gas outlet 13a formed on the injection surface 11 and the fuel gas inlet 13b formed on the back surface 12, and sends the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas inlet 13b to the fuel gas outlet 13a.
- a fuel gas hole 13 having a predetermined diameter is formed.
- a fuel gas nozzle 17 having a predetermined diameter is provided in the fuel gas hole 13 coaxially with the fuel gas hole 13.
- a predetermined gap is formed between the fuel gas nozzle 17 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13.
- the fuel gas nozzle 17 is made using a heat-resistant alloy such as Kanthal or Inconel, for example.
- the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas inlet 13 b to the oxygen burner is sent through the fuel gas nozzle 17 in the fuel gas hole 13. Further, it is preferable that a predetermined amount of a part of oxygen supplied to the oxygen burner is sent along the fuel gas nozzle 17 to the gap between the fuel gas nozzle 17 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13. From the fuel gas outlet 13a, the fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas inlet 13b, preferably a fuel gas of a mixture of the fuel gas and a predetermined amount of oxygen, is injected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the injection surface 11.
- Oxygen burner according to the present invention can be used in the combustion region of 400 ⁇ 1500kW (32 ⁇ 120Nm 3 / h), volatilization product adhesion and nozzle burning, especially at 875kW or lower combustion zone (70 Nm 3 / h or less) It was found that it is likely to occur during use. That is, when used under conditions where the flow speed of the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas nozzle is slow, volatilization deposits and nozzle burnout are likely to occur.
- the oxygen burner of the present embodiment it is preferably 90 m / s or less, more preferably 80 m / s or less at the tip of the fuel gas nozzle 17, which is a condition where the flow rate of the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas nozzle 17 is slow. More particularly, it is particularly effective when used in a range of 70 m / s or less.
- the flow velocity is preferably 40 m / s or more, more preferably 45 m / s or more, and even more preferably 50 m / s or more.
- the refractory block 10 communicates with an oxygen outlet 14a formed on the injection surface 11 and an oxygen inlet 14b formed on the back surface, and has a predetermined diameter for sending oxygen supplied from the oxygen inlet 14b to the oxygen outlet 14a.
- Oxygen holes 14 or oxygen gas holes are formed.
- the oxygen hole 14 has a substantially larger diameter than the fuel gas hole 13. This is because oxygen requires a flow rate of 2.0 to 2.5 times that of the fuel gas. Thereby, fuel gas and oxygen can be mixed sufficiently, oxyfuel combustion is stabilized, and generation of nitrogen oxides is also reduced.
- the oxygen hole 14 has an inclined part 14c that inclines toward the fuel gas outlet 13a until it reaches the oxygen outlet 14a, and a horizontal part 14d that is substantially parallel to the fuel gas hole 13 until it reaches the inclined part 14c from the oxygen inlet 14b. You can do it. From the oxygen outlet 14a, oxygen is injected in the axial direction of the inclined portion 14c slightly bent from the direction perpendicular to the injection surface 11 to the direction of the fuel gas outlet 13a. Only the inclined portion 14c may be provided without the horizontal portion 14d.
- the inclination angle of the inclined portion 14c with respect to the horizontal is more than 0 °, preferably 7 ° or less, more preferably 1 to 6 °, and further preferably 2 to 5 °.
- the fuel gas and oxygen can be sufficiently mixed and oxyfuel combustion can be stabilized.
- the inclination angle is 7 ° or less, the length of the flame can be appropriately controlled, and the thermal efficiency of oxyfuel combustion can be improved.
- the mixture of the fuel gas injected from the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 and a predetermined amount of oxygen and the oxygen injected from the oxygen outlet 14a of the oxygen hole 14 gradually intersect with each other in the dissolution tank and gradually burn together. To do. Therefore, in the oxygen burner of this embodiment, generation of high heat is suppressed and generation of nitrogen oxide is also reduced.
- the flow path connected to the fuel gas hole 13 is provided with a throttle (orifice) so that a predetermined ratio of oxygen supplied from an oxygen supply source (not shown) to the oxygen burner is directed to the fuel gas hole 13. Also good.
- the diameter of the orifice is large, the flow rate of oxygen toward the fuel gas hole 13 increases.
- the oxygen flow rate is higher when the orifice is not provided than when the orifice is provided.
- FIG. 1 (c) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view in which the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13 a of the fuel gas hole 13 is enlarged.
- the oxygen burner of the present embodiment has a chamfered portion 18 that chamfers a portion where the injection surface 11 and the fuel gas hole 13 intersect at the fuel gas outlet 13a.
- the structure in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a including the chamfered portion 18 has a fuel gas hole 13 diameter D, a chamfered width C and a chamfered angle ⁇ of the chamfered portion 18, an inner diameter d of the fuel gas nozzle 17, and an injection surface 11. It can be defined using the distance L to the gas nozzle 17.
- the chamfer width C is the dimension of the chamfered portion 18 in the radial direction of the fuel gas hole 13, and the first circumference of the diameter D formed by extending the fuel gas hole 13 and intersecting the injection surface 11. And the interval between the chamfered portion 18 and the second circumference formed on the outer circumference side of the first circumference by intersecting the injection surface 11.
- the chamfering angle ⁇ is an angle formed by the chamfered portion 18 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13, and the wall surface of the chamfered portion 18 and the wall surface of the fuel gas hole 13 in the plane including the axis of the fuel gas hole 13. It can be defined as an acute angle formed.
- the oxygen burner of the present embodiment has a C / D of 0.05 to 0.35, D of 30 to 50 mm, C of 1 to 15 mm, L of 40 to 60 mm, and a chamfer angle ⁇ of 30 to 60 °. It is preferable that Also, C / D is 0.1 to 0.3, more preferably 0.15 to 0.25, D is 30 to 40 mm, C is 4 to 12 mm, further 6 to 10 mm, further 7 to 9 mm, and L is 45 to 55 mm.
- the chamfer angle ⁇ is more preferably in the range of 40 to 50 °.
- C / D If C / D is too small, volatilized substances are likely to be attached in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13 a that is the tip of the fuel gas hole 13. If C / D is too large, radiation from the melting chamber 100 configured in the melting tank 110 described later easily reaches the inside of the fuel gas hole 13 and there is a risk that the fuel gas nozzle 17 is burned out. When C / D is in the above range, gas flow stagnation is eliminated, and adhesion of volatilized substances generated from molten glass is suppressed, which is preferable.
- D when D is in the above range, it is possible to suppress radiant heat from the melting chamber 100 directly to the fuel gas nozzle 17 and to suppress burning of the nozzle by cooling the fuel gas nozzle 17 with the fuel gas and a predetermined amount of oxygen.
- C it is preferable for C to be in the above-mentioned range because it is easy to receive radiant heat from melting chamber 100 and adhesion of volatilized substances generated from molten glass is suppressed.
- L is in the above range because it is difficult to receive radiant heat from the melting chamber 100 directly.
- the chamfering angle ⁇ is in the above range, it is preferable to receive radiant heat from the melting chamber 100 and adhesion of volatilized substances generated from the molten glass is suppressed.
- C / L is 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.1 to 0.2, and more preferably 0.12 to 0.18.
- C / L is too small, the flow rate of the fuel gas is lowered, and volatilized substances are easily attached in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13. If C / L is too large, radiation from the melting chamber 100 easily reaches the inside of the fuel gas hole 13 and there is a risk that the fuel gas nozzle 17 will burn out.
- the oxygen burner of the present embodiment has such a chamfered portion 18 so that radiant heat can easily enter the fuel gas hole 13 from the melting chamber 100 in which the molten glass is accommodated. Therefore, the temperature in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 is high, and adhesion of volatilized substances from the molten glass is reduced.
- the inner diameter d of the fuel gas nozzle 17 is preferably 8 to 15 mm.
- the inner diameter d is more preferably 10 mm or more and 12 mm or less.
- FIG. 1 (d) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining another embodiment of the structure in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the oxygen burner.
- the fuel gas outlet 13a has a chamfered portion (hereinafter also referred to as a rounded portion 19) where the portion where the injection surface 11 and the fuel gas hole 13 intersect is chamfered. is doing.
- the structure in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13 a including the rounded portion 19 is defined by using the diameter D of the fuel gas hole 13, the chamfer width C, the inner diameter d of the fuel gas nozzle 17, and the distance L from the injection surface 11 to the fuel gas nozzle 17.
- the chamfering width C is a dimension of a chamfered portion in the radial direction of the fuel gas hole 13, and is a first circumference having a diameter D formed by extending the fuel gas hole 13 and intersecting the injection surface 11.
- the radius portion 19 intersects the injection surface 11 and can be defined as a distance from the second circumference formed on the outer circumference side of the first circumference.
- C / D is 0.05 to 0.35
- D is 30 to 50 mm
- C is 1 to 15 mm
- L is 40 to 60 mm.
- C is preferably the approximate radius of the rounded portion 19.
- C / D is 0.1 to 0.3, more preferably 0.15 to 0.25
- D is 30 to 40 mm
- C is 4 to 12 mm, further 6 to 10 mm, further 7 to 9 mm
- L is 45 to 55 mm. It is more preferable that it is in the range.
- C / L is 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.10 to 0.20, and more preferably 0.12 to 0.18.
- the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 due to radiant heat is provided as in the oxygen burner provided with the chamfered portion 18 as shown in FIG. Reduction of adhesion of the volatile matter in the vicinity and reduction of adhesion of the volatile matter due to a stagnation flow at the round portion 19 are brought about.
- FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of a fuel gas outlet of a conventional oxygen burner in which a predetermined chamfered portion or a predetermined rounded portion is not provided as a comparative example.
- a predetermined chamfered portion or a predetermined rounded portion is not provided as a comparative example.
- the chamfered portion or the like is not provided, the amount of radiant heat reaching the fuel gas hole 13 from the fuel gas outlet 13a is limited, and the temperature in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 is unlikely to increase. Further, the flow of fuel gas and a predetermined amount of oxygen injected from the fuel gas hole 13 is disturbed in the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13a. For this reason, the volatilized material from the molten glass tends to adhere to the vicinity of the fuel gas outlet 13 a of the fuel gas hole 13.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a glass melting furnace including a melting tank in which the oxygen burner according to the present embodiment is installed.
- Fig.3 (a) is sectional drawing which cut
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the glass melting furnace taken along the vertical plane M shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C.
- FIG.3 (c) is sectional drawing which cut
- the glass melting furnace 90 is a melting furnace that heats and melts a glass raw material to form molten glass.
- the alkali-free glass is dissolved substantially free of alkali metal ions used for a glass substrate for a flat panel display (FPD) (for example, an alkali metal oxide such as Na 2 O is preferably 0.1% by mass or less). Is used.
- alkali-free glass examples include SiO 2 : 54 to 73%, Al 2 O 3 : 10 to 23%, B 2 O 3 : 0.1 to 12%, and MgO: 0 in terms of mass percentage based on oxide. -12%, CaO: 0-15%, SrO: 0-16%, BaO: 0-10%, MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO: 8 to 26%.
- Alkali-free glass has a property that the glass melting temperature is higher by 100 ° C. or more than alkali-containing glass such as ordinary soda lime glass, and has a property that components such as boric acid contained in the alkali-free glass are easily volatilized.
- the glass melting furnace 90 has a melting tank 110 that accommodates the molten glass 101 therein.
- the melting tank 110 has a box shape in which a space is provided above the molten glass by the bottom wall part 51 and the side wall part 52, and the molten glass 101 forms a horizontal liquid surface 102 in the melting tank 110.
- the dissolution tank 110 constitutes a dissolution chamber 100 that is integrally formed with an arched ceiling portion 53 that covers the upper part.
- the bottom wall 51, the side wall 52, and the ceiling 53 are made of a refractory material such as brick.
- the melting tank 110 is provided with a raw material supply port 56 for supplying the glass raw material 103 on the liquid surface 102 of the molten glass 101 of the upstream side wall 52. Further, a discharge port 57 for discharging the molten glass 101 is formed in the melting tank 110 under the liquid surface 102 of the downstream side wall 52.
- the side wall 52 is melted on the liquid surface 102 of the molten glass 101 in one direction with respect to the molten glass 101 from upstream to downstream.
- a plurality of burners 31 to 40 for forming a flame (frame) toward the inside of the tank 110 are provided.
- a plurality of burners 41 to 50 are provided on the other side of the melting tank 110 with respect to the molten glass 101.
- the oxygen burners described above are preferably used for the plurality of burners 31 to 40 and 41 to 50.
- the oxygen burner having the chamfered portion 18 described above is used, and deposition of volatilized components such as boron on the burners 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 is reduced. As a result, the failure of the burners 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 is suppressed, the life is extended, and stable combustion is ensured.
- the melting tank 110 is provided with a first exhaust port 54 upstream of the burner 31 and a second exhaust port 55 upstream of the burner 41 on the liquid surface 102 of the molten glass 101 of the side wall 52. ing.
- the first exhaust port 54 and the second exhaust port 55 discharge exhaust gas generated by combustion of flame in the melting tank 110 to the outside.
- a bubbler 59 for generating a bubble 113 in the molten glass 101 is provided in the melting tank 110 at a substantially center in the bottom wall portion 51 from the upstream side to the downstream side.
- the bubbler 59 forms the circulation flows 115 and 117 in the molten glass 101 with the bubbles 113 formed by the gas to be ejected, thereby homogenizing the molten glass 101.
- the air burner is a mixture of fuel gas and air that is injected and burned together.
- an injection port communicating with the air supply hole is formed on the injection surface of the fireproof block, and a fuel gas nozzle is provided inside the injection port.
- a mixture of air supplied from the air supply hole and fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas nozzle is injected from the injection port.
- the amount of moisture contained in the molten glass 101 can be controlled.
- the air burner supplies a large amount of air, and compared with the oxygen burner, the diameter of the opening of the injection surface is large, and the flow rate of the mixture of fuel gas and air injected from the opening is also large. For this reason, volatilized substances do not easily adhere to the periphery of the air burner injection port and the fuel gas nozzle.
- the glass manufacturing method of the present embodiment includes a melting step of melting the glass raw material 103 supplied to the melting tank 110 of the glass melting furnace 90 to obtain molten glass, and a clarification of refining the molten glass by removing bubbles of the molten glass. A process and a molding process of molding the clarified molten glass into a predetermined shape.
- the melting step includes a glass melting method in which the glass raw material 103 supplied from the raw material supply port 56 of the melting tank 110 is heated using the burners 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 to obtain the molten glass 101. It is out.
- the molten glass 101 obtained in the melting step is taken out from the discharge port 57 of the melting tank 110 and sent to the next clarification step.
- the glass raw material 103 is stably and highly efficient. Can be dissolved.
- the clarification step is a step in which the molten glass obtained in the melting step is supplied to a clarification tank, and bubbles in the molten glass are floated and removed.
- a method for promoting the rising of bubbles for example, there is a method of degassing by depressurizing the inside of a clarification tank.
- the forming step is a step of forming the clarified molten glass into a plate having a predetermined plate thickness.
- a method for forming a plate for example, there is a well-known float method or a fusion method.
- the oxygen burners are used for the burners 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 provided in the melting tank 110, and the volatilization component is deposited. Has been reduced. Therefore, the glass raw material 103 can be stably melt
- Examples 1 to 3 to which the oxygen burner of this embodiment is applied will be described. Examples 1 to 3 are applied to at least one of the burners 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 provided in the melting tank 110 described above.
- the oxygen burner of Example 1 is provided with the chamfered portion 18 as shown in FIG. 1C, the chamfering angle ⁇ is 45 °, and the chamfering width C is 8 mm.
- the diameter D of the fuel gas hole 13 is 37 mm, the distance L from the fuel gas outlet 13a to the fuel gas nozzle 17 is 52 mm, and the supply amount of the natural gas of the fuel gas is 40 Nm 3 / h (the flow rate is 47 m / s).
- Other specifications are as described in Example 1 in Table 1.
- the supply amount of the natural gas of fuel gas is 50 Nm 3 / h (flow rate is 59 m / s), and other specifications are the same as in Example 1.
- Example 3 the supply amount of the natural gas of the fuel gas is 70 Nm 3 / h (flow rate is 83 m / s), and other specifications are the same as in Example 1. Note that the flow rate under the use conditions is the flow rate of the fuel gas at the tip of the fuel gas nozzle 17.
- the flow velocity [m / s] is calculated by the following equation using the fuel gas supply amount and the fuel gas nozzle diameter d [m].
- Flow rate [m / s] Supply amount [Nm 3 / h] / (3600 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ d 2 ⁇ 0.25 ⁇ 3)
- Comparative example an example of an oxygen burner without a chamfered portion is shown in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 in Table 1.
- the diameter D of the fuel gas hole 13 and the distance L from the fuel gas outlet 13a to the fuel gas nozzle 17 are the same as in the first embodiment.
- Comparative Example 5 Although the burnout of the fuel gas nozzle 17 was reduced, the reduction of the adhesion of the volatile matter near the fuel gas outlet 13a of the fuel gas hole 13 was not good. In Comparative Examples 1 to 4, neither the reduction of volatilization deposits on the fuel gas holes 13 nor the reduction in burnout of the fuel gas nozzles 17 was satisfactory.
- the oxygen burner has one fuel gas hole 13 and one oxygen hole 14, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
- the number of the fuel gas holes 13 and the oxygen holes 14 may be one or more.
- the number of the fuel gas holes 13 may be three and the number of the oxygen holes 14 may be two.
- the oxygen burners are arranged in the burners 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 as shown in FIG. 3, but the present invention is limited to such a configuration. Not. Other arrangements of air and oxygen burners can be used if appropriate for melting alkali-free glass.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態の酸素バーナの構成を示す図である。図1(a)の斜視図に示すように、酸素バーナは、略直方体の形状を有する耐火ブロック10を含んでいる。耐火ブロック10は、煉瓦などの耐火物で作成することができる。
燃料ガス孔13に接続する流路には、酸素の供給源(不図示)から酸素バーナに供給される酸素の所定の割合が、燃料ガス孔13に向かうように絞り(オリフィス)が設けられてもよい。オリフィスの径が大きいと、燃料ガス孔13に向かう酸素の流量が多くなる。また、オリフィスを設けた場合に比べて、オリフィスを設けない方が、酸素の流量が多い。
また、燃料ガスノズル17の内径dは、好ましくは8~15mmである。内径dは、より好ましくは10mm以上、12mm以下である。内径dが8mm以上だと、燃料ガスと酸素が良く混合し、燃焼火炎の加熱効率が高くなる。内径が15mm以下だと、燃焼火炎が安定し、燃料ガスノズル17の焼損を低減できる。
図3は、本実施の形態の酸素バーナを設置する溶解槽を備えるガラス溶解炉の構成を示す図である。図3(a)は、ガラス溶解炉を図3(b)及び図3(c)に示す水平面Nで切断した断面図である。図3(b)は、ガラス溶解炉を図3(a)及び図3(c)に示す垂直面Mで切断した断面図である。図3(c)は、ガラス溶解炉を図3(a)及び図3(b)に示す垂直面Lで切断した断面図である。
本実施の形態のガラス製造方法は、ガラス溶解炉90の溶解槽110に供給したガラス原料103を溶解して溶融ガラスを得る溶解工程と、溶融ガラスの気泡を除去して溶融ガラスを清澄する清澄工程と、清澄後の溶融ガラスを所定形状に成形する成形工程とを含んでいる。
本実施の形態の酸素バーナを適用した実施例1~3について説明する。この実施例1~3は、前述の溶解槽110に設けられたバーナ31~40、41~50の少なくとも一つに適用されるものである。
流速[m/s]=供給量[Nm3/h]/(3600×π×d2×0.25×3)
ここで、比較のために面取部を設けない酸素バーナの例を表1の比較例1~5の部分に示した。燃料ガス孔13の径D、燃料ガス出口13aから燃料ガスノズル17までの距離Lは実施例1と同じである。
11 噴射面
12 背面
13 燃料ガス孔
13a 燃料ガス出口
13b 燃料ガス入口
14 酸素孔
14a 酸素出口
14b 酸素入口
17 燃料ガスノズル
31~40、41~50 バーナ
90 ガラス溶解炉
101 溶融ガラス
110 溶解槽
Claims (11)
- ガラス溶解槽に設けられるガラス溶解用バーナであって、
ガラス溶解槽内に向かう噴射面、前記噴射面に開口して前記ガラス溶解槽内に燃料ガスを噴射する燃料ガス孔、及び前記燃料ガス孔に隣接し、前記噴射面に開口して前記ガラス溶解槽内に酸素ガスを噴射する酸素ガス孔を含む耐火ブロックと、
前記燃料ガス孔内に設けられ、前記燃料ガス孔を介して燃料ガスを噴射させる燃料ガスノズルと、
を有し、
前記ガラス溶解槽内では、前記燃料ガス孔から噴射された燃料ガスを前記酸素ガス孔から噴射された酸素ガスと共に燃焼させ、
前記燃料ガス孔は、所定の面取部を有することを特徴とするガラス溶解用バーナ。 - 前記燃料ガス孔の径D、前記面取部の面取幅C、前記噴射面から前記燃料ガスノズルまでの距離Lとするとき、C/Dが0.05~0.35、C/Lが0.05~0.25、Dが30~50mm、Cが1~15mm、Lが40~60mm、および前記面取部の角度が30~60°である請求項1に記載のガラス溶解用バーナ。
- 前記面取部は、アールにより形成され、前記燃料ガス孔の径D、前記面取部の面取幅C、前記噴射面から前記燃料ガスノズルまでの距離Lとするとき、C/Dが0.05~0.35、C/Lが0.05~0.25、Dが30~50mm、Cが1~15mm、およびLが40~60mmである請求項1に記載のガラス溶解用バーナ。
- 前記燃料ガスノズルは、当該燃料ガスノズルの先端における流速が90m/s以下で前記燃料ガスを噴射する請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶解用バーナ。
- 前記燃料ガスノズルは、当該燃料ガスノズルの先端における流速が40m/s以上で前記燃料ガスを噴射する請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶解用バーナ。
- 前記燃料ガス孔は、前記燃料ガスとともに所定流量の酸素ガスが供給されるように構成され、前記燃料ガスとともに前記酸素ガスを噴射させる請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶解用バーナ。
- 前記酸素ガスの供給源から供給される酸素ガスの所定の割合を前記燃料ガス孔に供給するオリフィスが設けられた請求項6に記載のガラス溶解用バーナ。
- 前記燃料ガスは天然ガスを含み、前記酸素ガスは酸素を含む請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶解用バーナ。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶解用バーナが設けられたガラス溶解炉。
- 請求項9に記載のガラス溶解炉を用い、ガラス原料を前記ガラス溶解用バーナで加熱して溶融ガラスとするガラス溶解方法。
- 請求項9に記載のガラス溶解炉を用い、
ガラス原料を前記ガラス溶解用バーナで加熱して溶融ガラスとする溶解工程と、
前記溶解工程で得られた溶融ガラスから気泡を除去する清澄工程と、
前記清澄工程を経た溶融ガラスを板状に成形する成形工程と
を有するガラス製造方法。
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| CN201580066802.5A CN107001093B (zh) | 2014-12-10 | 2015-11-17 | 玻璃熔化用燃烧器、玻璃熔化炉、玻璃熔化方法及玻璃制造方法 |
| JP2016563584A JP6579116B2 (ja) | 2014-12-10 | 2015-11-17 | ガラス溶解用バーナ、ガラス溶解炉、ガラス溶解方法及びガラス製造方法 |
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| WO2025079443A1 (ja) * | 2023-10-13 | 2025-04-17 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | ガラス物品の製造方法及びガラス溶融炉 |
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| JP2002250509A (ja) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-09-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | バーナーノズル |
| US20130086949A1 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Mark William Charbonneau | Burner apparatus, submerged combustion melters including the burner, and methods of use |
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| JPWO2016093022A1 (ja) | 2017-10-05 |
| CN107001093B (zh) | 2020-07-07 |
| JP6579116B2 (ja) | 2019-09-25 |
| KR20170093814A (ko) | 2017-08-16 |
| TWI673242B (zh) | 2019-10-01 |
| TW201632473A (zh) | 2016-09-16 |
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