WO2016074193A1

WO2016074193A1 - Device-to-device communication apparatus, system and method

Info

Publication number: WO2016074193A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/090999
Authority: WO
Inventors: 马洁; 刘陈; 傅友华; 宦澄
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-11-13
Filing date: 2014-11-13
Publication date: 2016-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2017-05-13
Also published as: CN107113912A

Abstract

Provided are a device-to-device communication apparatus, system and method. A D2D transmission terminal performs pre-coding processing on a data symbol to be sent according to a pre-coding vector, to obtain a transmission signal; the D2D transmission terminal respectively sends the transmission signal to a first D2D terminal serving as a D2D receiving end and a second D2D terminal serving as a relay; and the D2D transmission terminal sends the transmission signal obtained after processing based on the pre-coding vector to the first D2D terminal, so that the first D2D terminal decodes, based on a decoding vector, a reception signal received after the transmission signal goes through channel fading and path loss, which can effectively avoid the interference of other cellular terminals. In addition, a relay is a D2D terminal, thereby reducing additional loads of base stations in the same cell.

Description

Device to device communication device, system and method

Technical field

本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种设备到设备通信装置、系统及方法。The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a device-to-device communication device, system, and method.

Background technique

近年来，随着通信业务对数据传输速率要求的提高，蜂窝网络中的频谱资源日益紧张。设备到设备(Device-to-Device，简称：D2D)通信系统作为蜂窝网络的延展，通过频谱资源共享模式，有效提升了网络的频谱利用率，解决了频谱匮乏的问题。D2D通信作为蜂窝网的延展，通过复用蜂窝网的资源提高网络频谱效率和系统性能。因此，对D2D通信系统建模主要是基于不同的共享资源模式。目前，D2D通信共享资源主要有两种模式：非正交共享模式和正交共享模式。非正交共享模式中，D2D用户与蜂窝用户使用同样的资源，相互间会有干扰，基站要协调两种链接的发射功率。正交共享模式中，D2D通信使用部分资源而剩下的部分给蜂窝用户。蜂窝网中的基站根据小区通信情况、现有信道状态及蜂窝用户位置信息、链路增益、噪声、信干噪比等网络状态和小区中其他设备的资源使用等来决定D2D通信是采用正交共享模式还是非正交共享模式。目前的研究主要针对非正交共享模式展开，由于引入D2D通信后，D2D链接与已有的蜂窝链路存在干扰，因此，为了保证D2D通信在蜂窝网中可靠地进行，如何有效控制因频谱共享引起的干扰成为一个亟需解决的问题。In recent years, as the communication service demands the data transmission rate, the spectrum resources in the cellular network are increasingly tight. As a extension of the cellular network, the device-to-device (D2D) communication system effectively improves the spectrum utilization of the network and solves the problem of lack of spectrum. As a extension of the cellular network, D2D communication improves network spectrum efficiency and system performance by multiplexing resources of the cellular network. Therefore, modeling D2D communication systems is mainly based on different shared resource modes. Currently, there are two main modes of D2D communication shared resources: non-orthogonal sharing mode and orthogonal sharing mode. In the non-orthogonal sharing mode, the D2D user and the cellular user use the same resources, and there is interference between them, and the base station needs to coordinate the transmission power of the two links. In the orthogonal sharing mode, D2D communication uses part of the resources and the remaining part is given to the cellular user. The base station in the cellular network determines D2D communication according to the network communication status, the existing channel status and the cellular user position information, the link gain, the noise, the signal to interference and noise ratio, and other resource usage of other devices in the cell. Shared mode is also a non-orthogonal sharing mode. The current research is mainly aimed at non-orthogonal sharing mode. Because D2D links interfere with existing cellular links after the introduction of D2D communication, in order to ensure reliable D2D communication in the cellular network, how to effectively control spectrum sharing The interference caused becomes an urgent problem to be solved.

为了降低上述干扰对于D2D通信的影响，现有技术中，利用蜂窝网络中的基站进行中继转发以实现干扰控制，其主要针对的是蜂窝通信中的中等干扰，该基站作为中继将中等干扰信号转化为强干扰信号，并将强干扰信号转发给D2D设备，接收到该强干扰信号的D2D设备，利用干扰消除技术消除该强干扰信号的干扰。具体的，D2D设备通过对强干扰信号进行解调/解码，对该强干扰信号进行重构，并从已接收到的信号中减去，从而得到没有干扰的接收信号。In order to reduce the impact of the above interference on the D2D communication, in the prior art, the base station in the cellular network is used for relaying to implement interference control, which is mainly for medium interference in cellular communication, and the base station acts as a relay to moderate interference. The signal is converted into a strong interference signal, and the strong interference signal is forwarded to the D2D device, and the D2D device receiving the strong interference signal uses the interference cancellation technology to eliminate the interference of the strong interference signal. Specifically, the D2D device reconstructs the strong interference signal by demodulating/decoding the strong interference signal, and subtracts the received signal, thereby obtaining a received signal without interference.

但是，由于现有技术利用了蜂窝网络中的基站进行D2D通信的抗干扰处理，该基站作为中继在参与干扰处理过程中时,需要对信号进行解码编码，再通过蜂窝网络将处理过的信号转发给D2D设备，增加了基站的额外负载。However, since the prior art utilizes the anti-interference processing of the D2D communication by the base station in the cellular network, the base station as the relay needs to decode and encode the signal when participating in the interference processing process, and then The processed signal is forwarded to the D2D device over the cellular network, increasing the additional load on the base station.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明提供一种设备到设备通信装置、系统及方法，用于降低基站的额外负载。The present invention provides a device-to-device communication apparatus, system and method for reducing the extra load of a base station.

本发明的第一个方面是提供一种设备到设备D2D发射终端，包括：A first aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device D2D transmitting terminal, including:

处理模块，用于根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；a processing module, configured to perform pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal;

收发模块，用于分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；a transceiver module, configured to send the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively;

其中，所述第一D2D终端为所述传输信号的接收端，所述第二D2D终端为中继；The first D2D terminal is a receiving end of the transmission signal, and the second D2D terminal is a relay;

所述预编码向量的表达式如下：The expression of the precoding vector is as follows:

v＝[v₁ v₂]^T v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

所述v为预编码向量，所述v₁为所述D2D发射终端在第一时隙采用的预编码向量元素，所述v₂为所述D2D发射终端在第二时隙采用的预编码向量元素，所述T表示向量的转置；The v is a precoding vector, the v ₁ is a precoding vector element used by the D2D transmitting terminal in a first time slot, and the v ₂ is a precoding vector used by the D2D transmitting terminal in a second time slot. An element, the T representing a transpose of the vector;

所述v₁的表达式如下：The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

所述v₂的表达式如下：The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

其中，所述a₁＝(d_SD)^-αh_SD，所述b₁＝β(d_SRd_RD)^-αh_SRh_RD，所述

所述a＝(d_CD)^-αh_CD，所述b＝β(d_CRd_RD)^-αh_CRh_RD，所述β为所述第二D2D终端的放大系数，所述d_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述d_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的路径距离，所述d_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述d_CR为蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述h_CR为所述蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数，所述d_CD为蜂窝终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_CD为所述蜂窝终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述α表示路径损耗指数。Wherein a ₁ =(d _SD ) ^-α h _SD , the b ₁ =β(d _SR d _RD ) ^-α h _SR h _RD ,

The a = (d _CD ) - ^α h _CD , the b = β (d _CR d _RD ) - ^α h _CR h _RD , the β is an amplification factor of the second D2D terminal, and the d _SD is a path distance between the D2D transmitting terminal and the first D2D terminal, the h _SD is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the first D2D terminal, and the d _SR is the D2D transmitting terminal and the a path distance of the second D2D terminal, where d _RD is a path distance between the second D2D terminal and the first D2D terminal, where d _CR is a path distance between the cellular terminal and the second D2D terminal, h _SR is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal, the h _RD is a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal and the first D2D terminal, and the h _CR is the cellular terminal And a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal, where the d _CD is a path distance between the cellular terminal and the first D2D terminal, where the h _CD is a channel coefficient of the cellular terminal and the first D2D terminal, where The α represents the path loss index.

结合第一个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述传输信号包括：第一时隙的传输信号和第二时隙的传输信号；With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, the transmission signal includes: a transmission signal of a first time slot and a transmission signal of a second time slot;

所述收发模块，具体用于在所述第一时隙分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述第一时隙的传输信号；在所述第二时隙向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的传输信号；The transceiver module is configured to send, in the first time slot, a transmission signal of the first time slot to a first D2D terminal and a second D2D terminal, respectively, to the first D2D in the second time slot. Transmitting, by the terminal, a transmission signal of the second time slot;

其中，所述第一时隙的传输信号表达式为：The expression of the transmission signal of the first time slot is:

S₁＝v₁sS ₁ =v ₁ s

所述S₁为所述第一时隙的传输信号，所述s为所述数据符号；The S ₁ is a transmission signal of the first time slot, and the s is the data symbol;

所述第二时隙的传输信号表达式为：The transmission signal expression of the second time slot is:

S₂＝v₂sS ₂ =v ₂ s

所述S₂为所述第二时隙的传输信号。The S ₂ is a transmission signal of the second time slot.

结合第一个方面或第一个方面的第一种可行的实现方式，在第二种可行的实现方式中，所述v满足如下等式：In conjunction with the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the v satisfies the following equation:

其中，所述e_max表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量，所述

所述H表示所述的共轭转置，所述u为解码向量。Wherein the e _max represents a feature vector corresponding to a maximum eigenvalue of the matrix,

The H represents the conjugate transpose, and u is a decoding vector.

结合第一个方面的第二种可行的实现方式，在第三种可行的实现方式中，所述u的表达式如下：In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation, the expression of u is as follows:

结合第一个方面或第一个方面的上述任意一种可行的实现方式，在第四种可行的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于在所述收发模块分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号之前，在除所述第一D2D终端之外的多个处于空闲状态的D2D终端中，选择任意一个作为所述第二D2D终端。With reference to the first aspect or any one of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to: in the transceiver module, respectively, to the first D2D terminal and Before transmitting the transmission signal, the second D2D terminal selects any one of the plurality of D2D terminals that are in an idle state except the first D2D terminal as the second D2D terminal.

结合第一个方面或第一个方面的上述任意一种可行的实现方式，在第五种可行的实现方式中，所述收发模块，还用于：With reference to the first aspect or any one of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to:

在所述处理模块根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号之前，分别向所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端发送导频信号，以使所述第一D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SD，以使所述第二D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SR；Performing pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processing module, and before transmitting the transmission signals, respectively transmitting pilot signals to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, so that the first Determining, by the D2D terminal, the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

接收所述第一D2D终端发送的反馈信息，所述反馈信息包含所述h_SD、所述h_RD和所述h_SRh_RD。Receiving feedback information sent by the first D2D terminal, where the feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _RD, and the h _SR h _RD .

本发明的第二个方面是提供一种设备到设备D2D接收终端，包括：A second aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device D2D receiving terminal, including:

收发模块，用于在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二个时隙接收第二接收信号，所述第二接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；a transceiver module, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Receiving, by the second time slot, a second received signal, where the second received signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and the amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal are channel fading and Superposed after path loss;

处理模块，用于根据解码向量对所述第一接收信号进行解码处理得到第一数据信息；根据所述解码向量对所述第二接收信号进行解码处理得到第二数据信息；将所述第一数据信息与所述第二数据信息合并获得数据符号；a processing module, configured to decode the first received signal according to a decoding vector First data information; performing decoding processing on the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information; combining the first data information and the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

其中，所述第二D2D终端为中继，所述第二时隙的放大信号为第二D2D终端将所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号进行放大得到的；所述解码向量的表达式如下：The second D2D terminal is a relay, and the amplified signal of the second time slot is obtained by the second D2D terminal amplifying the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; the decoding vector The expression is as follows:

u＝[u₁ u₂]^T u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

所述u为解码向量，所述u₁为第一时隙的解码向量元素，用于对所述第一接收信号进行解码处理得到所述第一数据信息；所述u₂为第二时隙的解码向量元素，用于对所述第二接收信号进行解码处理得到所述第二数据信息，所述T表示向量的转置；The u is a decoding vector, and the u ₁ is a decoding vector element of the first time slot, and is used for performing decoding processing on the first received signal to obtain the first data information; the u ₂ is a second time slot. Decoding vector element, configured to perform decoding processing on the second received signal to obtain the second data information, where T represents transposition of a vector;

所述u₁的表达式如下：The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

其中，所述

所述a＝(d_CD)^-αh_CD，所述b＝β(d_CRd_RD)^-αh_CRh_RD，所述d_CD为蜂窝终端与所述D2D接收终端的路径距离，所述h_CD为所述蜂窝终端与所述D2D接收终端的信道系数，所述d_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述D2D接收终端的路径距离，所述d_CR为蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述h_CR为所述蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数，所述α表示路径损耗指数。 Wherein said

The a = (d _CD ) - ^α h _CD , the b = β (d _CR d _RD ) - ^α h _CR h _RD , the d _CD is the path distance between the cellular terminal and the D2D receiving terminal, h _CD is a channel coefficient of the cellular terminal and the D2D receiving terminal, the d _RD is a path distance between the second D2D terminal and the D2D receiving terminal, and the d _CR is a cellular terminal and the second a path distance of the D2D terminal, the h _RD is a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal and the first D2D terminal, and the h _CR is a channel coefficient of the cellular terminal and the second D2D terminal, α represents the path loss index.

结合第二个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述u满足如下等式：In conjunction with the second aspect, in a first possible implementation, the u satisfies the following equation:

其中，所述e_max表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量，所述

所述H表示所述的共轭转置。Wherein the e _max represents a feature vector corresponding to a maximum eigenvalue of the matrix,

Said H represents said conjugate transpose.

结合第二个方面或第二个方面的第一种可行的实现方式，在第二种可行的实现方式中，所述收发模块，还用于：在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号之前，接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SD，所述h_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述D2D接收终端的信道系数；With reference to the second aspect, or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the transceiver module is further configured to: before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot Receiving a first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SD according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SD is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the D2D receiving terminal;

接收所述第二D2D终端发送的第二导频信号，并根据第二导频信号确定所述h_SRh_RD，其中，所述第二导频信号为所述第二D2D终端对所述第一导频信号进行放大得到的；Receiving, by the second D2D terminal, the second pilot signal, and determining the h _SR h _RD according to the second pilot signal, where the second pilot signal is the second D2D terminal pair a pilot signal is amplified;

接收所述第二D2D终端发送的第三导频信号，并根据所述第三导频信号确定h_RD，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述D2D接收终端的信道系数；Receiving a third pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determining h _RD according to the third pilot signal, where h _RD is a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal and the D2D receiving terminal;

向所述D2D发射终端发送反馈信息，所述反馈信息包含所述h_SD、所述h_RD和所述h_SRh_RD。Sending feedback information to the D2D transmitting terminal, the feedback information including the h _SD , the h _{RD ,} and the h _SR h _RD .

本发明的第三个方面是提供一种中继，所述中继为D2D终端，包括：A third aspect of the present invention provides a relay, where the relay is a D2D terminal, including:

收发模块，用于在第一时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号；a transceiver module, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Transmitting, by the second time slot, the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal;

放大模块，用于对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号。And an amplification module, configured to amplify the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot.

结合第三个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述收发模块，还用于：在第一时隙接收第一接收信号之前，接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SR，所述h_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数；With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to: before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot, receive the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal And determining h _SR according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SR is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal;

向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二导频信号；Transmitting the second pilot signal to the first D2D terminal;

向所述第一D2D终端发送第三导频信号；Transmitting a third pilot signal to the first D2D terminal;

所述放大模块，还用于对所述第一导频信号进行放大，获得第二导频信号。The amplifying module is further configured to perform amplification on the first pilot signal to obtain a second pilot signal.

本发明的第四个方面是提供一种设备到设备D2D发射终端，包括：A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device D2D transmitting terminal, including:

处理器，用于根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；a processor, configured to pre-code the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal;

收发器，用于分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；a transceiver, configured to send the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively;

v＝[v₁ v₂]^T v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

所述v₁的表达式如下：The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

所述v₂的表达式如下：The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

结合第四个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述传输信号包括：第一时隙的传输信号和第二时隙的传输信号；With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementation, the transmission signal includes: a transmission signal of a first time slot and a transmission signal of a second time slot;

所述收发器，具体用于在所述第一时隙分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述第一时隙的传输信号；在所述第二时隙向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的传输信号；The transceiver is specifically configured to send, in the first time slot, a transmission signal of the first time slot to a first D2D terminal and a second D2D terminal, respectively, to the first D2D in the second time slot. Transmitting, by the terminal, a transmission signal of the second time slot;

S₁＝v₁sS ₁ =v ₁ s

S₂＝v₂sS ₂ =v ₂ s

结合第四个方面或第四个方面的第一种可行的实现方式，在第二种可行的实现方式中，所述v满足如下等式：With reference to the fourth aspect or the first feasible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a second feasible implementation manner, the v satisfies the following equation:

其中，所述e_max表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量，所述

The H represents the conjugate transpose, and u is a decoding vector.

结合第四个方面的第二种可行的实现方式，在第三种可行的实现方式中，所述u的表达式如下：In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the fourth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the expression of u is as follows:

结合第四个方面或第四个方面的上述任意一种可行的实现方式，在第四种可行的实现方式中，所述处理器，还用于在所述收发器分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号之前，在除所述第一D2D终端之外的多个处于空闲状态的D2D终端中，选择任意一个作为所述第二D2D终端。With reference to the fourth aspect or any one of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the processor is further configured to, in the transceiver, the first D2D terminal and Before transmitting the transmission signal, the second D2D terminal selects any one of the plurality of D2D terminals that are in an idle state except the first D2D terminal as the second D2D terminal.

结合第四个方面或第四个方面的上述任意一种可行的实现方式，在第五种可行的实现方式中，所述收发器，还用于：With reference to the fourth aspect, or any one of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in the fifth possible implementation, the transceiver is further configured to:

在所述处理器根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号之前，分别向所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端发送导频信号，以使所述第一D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SD，以使所述第二D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SR；Performing pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processor, and before transmitting the transmission signals, respectively transmitting pilot signals to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, so that the first Determining, by the D2D terminal, the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

本发明的第五个方面是提供一种设备到设备D2D接收终端，包括：A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device D2D receiving terminal, including:

收发器，用于在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二个时隙接收第二接收信号，所述第二接收信号为所述 D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；a transceiver, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; The second time slot receives the second received signal, and the second received signal is the The transmission signal of the second time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and the amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal are superposed by channel fading and path loss;

处理器，用于根据解码向量对所述第一接收信号进行解码处理得到第一数据信息；根据所述解码向量对所述第二接收信号进行解码处理得到第二数据信息；将所述第一数据信息与所述第二数据信息合并获得数据符号；a processor, configured to perform decoding processing on the first received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain first data information, and perform decoding processing on the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information; Combining the data information with the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

u＝[u₁ u₂]^T u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

所述u₁的表达式如下：The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

其中，所述

所述a＝(d_CD)^-αh_CD，所述b＝β(d_CRd_RD)^-αh_CRh_RD，所述d_CD为蜂窝终端与所述D2D接收终端的路径距离，所述h_CD为所述蜂窝终端与所述D2D接收终端的信道系数，所述d_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述D2D接收终端的路径距离，所述d_CR为蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述h_CR为所述蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数，所述α表示路径损耗指数。Wherein said

结合第五个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述u满足如下等式：In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in a first possible implementation, the u satisfies the following equation:

其中，所述e_max表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量，所述

Said H represents said conjugate transpose.

结合第五个方面或第五个方面的第一种可行的实现方式，在第二种可行的实现方式中，所述收发器，还用于：在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号之前，接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SD，所述h_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述D2D接收终端的信道系数；With reference to the fifth aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the transceiver is further configured to: before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot Receiving a first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SD according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SD is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the D2D receiving terminal;

本发明的第六个方面是提供一种中继，所述中继设备为D2D终端，包括：A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a relay, where the relay device is a D2D terminal, including:

收发器，用于在第一时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号；a transceiver, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal after channel fading and path loss Receiving a signal; transmitting, in the second time slot, the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal;

处理器，用于对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号。And a processor, configured to amplify the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot.

结合第六个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述收发器，还用于：在第一时隙接收第一接收信号之前，接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SR，所述h_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数；With reference to the sixth aspect, in a first possible implementation, the transceiver is further configured to: before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot, receive the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal And determining h _SR according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SR is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal;

所述处理器，还用于对所述第一导频信号进行放大，获得第二导频信号。The processor is further configured to perform amplification on the first pilot signal to obtain a second pilot signal.

本发明的第七个方面是提供一种设备到设备通信系统，包括：至少一个第一个方面或第一个方面的任意一种可行的实现方式所述的D2D发射终端，至少一个第二个方面或第二个方面的任意一种可行的实现方式所述的D2D接收终端和第三个方面或第三个方面的任意一种可行的实现方式所述的中继。A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device communication system, comprising: at least one D2D transmitting terminal according to any one of the first aspect or the first aspect, at least one second Aspect or the D2D receiving terminal of any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect and the relay of any one of the third aspect or the third aspect.

本发明的第八个方面是提供一种设备到设备通信方法，包括：An eighth aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device communication method, including:

D2D发射终端根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；The D2D transmitting terminal pre-codes the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal;

所述D2D发射终端分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；Transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively;

v＝[v₁ v₂]^T v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

所述v为预编码向量，所述v₁为所述D2D发射终端在第一时隙采用的预编码向量元素，所述v₂为所述D2D发射终端在第二时隙采用的预编码向量元素，所述T表示向量的转置； The v is a precoding vector, the v ₁ is a precoding vector element used by the D2D transmitting terminal in a first time slot, and the v ₂ is a precoding vector used by the D2D transmitting terminal in a second time slot. An element, the T representing a transpose of the vector;

所述v₁的表达式如下：The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

所述v₂的表达式如下：The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

结合第八个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述传输信号包括：第一时隙的传输信号和第二时隙的传输信号；With reference to the eighth aspect, in a first feasible implementation manner, the transmission signal includes: a transmission signal of a first time slot and a transmission signal of a second time slot;

所述D2D发射终端分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号，包括：The D2D transmitting terminal sends the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively, including:

所述D2D发射终端在所述第一时隙分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D 终端发送所述第一时隙的传输信号；The D2D transmitting terminal is respectively directed to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D in the first time slot Transmitting, by the terminal, a transmission signal of the first time slot;

所述D2D发射终端在所述第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的传输信号；Transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, the transmission signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot;

S₁＝v₁sS ₁ =v ₁ s

S₂＝v₂sS ₂ =v ₂ s

结合第八个方面或第八个方面的第一种可行的实现方式，在第二种可行的实现方式中，所述v满足如下等式：With reference to the eighth aspect or the first feasible implementation manner of the eighth aspect, in a second feasible implementation manner, the v satisfies the following equation:

其中，所述e_max表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量，所述

The H represents the conjugate transpose, and u is a decoding vector.

结合第八个方面的第二种可行的实现方式，在第三种可行的实现方式中，所述u的表达式如下：In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the eighth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the expression of u is as follows:

结合第八个方面或第八个方面的上述任意一种可行的实现方式，在第四种可行的实现方式中，在所述D2D发射终端分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号之前，还包括：With reference to the eighth aspect, or any one of the foregoing possible implementation manners of the eighth aspect, in the fourth possible implementation manner, the D2D transmitting terminal sends the foregoing to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal respectively Before transmitting the signal, it also includes:

所述D2D发射终端在除所述第一D2D终端之外的多个处于空闲状态的D2D终端中，选择任意一个作为所述第二D2D终端。The D2D transmitting terminal selects any one of the plurality of D2D terminals in an idle state other than the first D2D terminal as the second D2D terminal.

结合第八个方面或第八个方面的上述任意一种可行的实现方式，在第五种可行的实现方式中，在所述D2D发射终端根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号之前，还包括：Combining any of the above feasible implementations of the eighth aspect or the eighth aspect, In the five possible implementation manners, before the D2D transmitting terminal pre-programs the data symbols to be sent according to the pre-coding vector, and before obtaining the transmission signal, the method further includes:

所述D2D发射终端分别向所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端发送导频信号，以使所述第一D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SD，以使所述第二D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SR；Transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, a pilot signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively, to enable the first D2D terminal to determine the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the first The second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

所述D2D发射终端接收所述第一D2D终端发送的反馈信息，所述反馈信息包含所述h_SD、所述h_RD和所述h_SRh_RD。The D2D transmitting terminal receives feedback information sent by the first D2D terminal, and the feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _RD, and the h _SR h _RD .

本发明的第九个方面是提供一种设备到设备设备到设备通信方法，包括：A ninth aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device device-to-device communication method, including:

第一D2D终端在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；The first D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after the channel fading and path loss of the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal;

所述第一D2D终端根据解码向量对所述第一接收信号进行解码处理得到第一数据信息；Decoding, by the first D2D terminal, the first received signal according to a decoding vector to obtain first data information;

所述第一D2D终端在第二个时隙接收第二接收信号，所述第二接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；The first D2D terminal receives a second received signal in a second time slot, where the second received signal is a transmission signal of a second time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and a second time slot sent by a second D2D terminal The amplified signal is superposed by channel fading and path loss;

其中，所述第二D2D终端为中继，所述第二时隙的放大信号为第二D2D终端将所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号进行放大得到的；The second D2D terminal is a relay, and the amplified signal of the second time slot is obtained by the second D2D terminal amplifying the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal;

所述第一D2D终端根据所述解码向量对所述第二接收信号进行解码处理得到第二数据信息；Decoding, by the first D2D terminal, the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information;

所述第一D2D终端将所述第一数据信息与所述第二数据信息合并获得数据符号；The first D2D terminal combines the first data information with the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

其中，所述解码向量的表达式如下： Wherein, the expression of the decoding vector is as follows:

u＝[u₁ u₂]^T u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

所述u₁的表达式如下：The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

其中，所述

所述a＝(d_CD)^-αh_CD，所述b＝β(d_CRd_RD)^-αh_CRh_RD，所述d_CD为蜂窝终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_CD为所述蜂窝终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述d_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述d_CR为蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述h_CR为所述蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数，所述α表示路径损耗指数。Wherein said

The a=(d _CD ) ^-α h _CD , the b=β(d _CR d _RD ) ^-α h _CR h _RD , the d _CD is the path distance between the cellular terminal and the first D2D terminal, The h _CD is a channel coefficient of the cellular terminal and the first D2D terminal, the d _RD is a path distance between the second D2D terminal and the first D2D terminal, and the d _CR is a cellular terminal and a a path distance of the second D2D terminal, the h _RD is a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal and the first D2D terminal, and the h _CR is a channel coefficient of the cellular terminal and the second D2D terminal , the α represents a path loss index.

结合第九个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，所述u满足如下等式：In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in a first possible implementation, the u satisfies the following equation:

其中，所述e_max表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量，所述

Said H represents said conjugate transpose.

结合第九个方面或第九个方面的第一种可行的实现方式，在第二种可行的实现方式中，在所述第一D2D终端在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号之前，还包括：Combining the ninth aspect or the first feasible implementation of the ninth aspect, in the second In the implementation of the line, before the first D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, the method further includes:

所述第一D2D终端接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SD，所述h_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数；Receiving, by the first D2D terminal, the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SD according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SD is the D2D transmitting terminal and the first D2D terminal Channel coefficient;

所述第一D2D终端接收所述第二D2D终端发送的第二导频信号，并根据第二导频信号确定所述h_SRh_RD，其中，所述第二导频信号为所述第二D2D终端对所述第一导频信号进行放大得到的；Receiving, by the first D2D terminal, the second pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determining the h _SR h _RD according to the second pilot signal, where the second pilot signal is the second Enlarging the first pilot signal by the D2D terminal;

所述第一D2D终端接收所述第二D2D终端发送的第三导频信号，并根据所述第三导频信号确定h_RD，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数；Receiving, by the first D2D terminal, a third pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determining h _RD according to the third pilot signal, where the h _RD is the second D2D terminal and the first Channel coefficient of the D2D terminal;

所述第一D2D终端向所述D2D发射终端发送反馈信息，所述反馈信息包含所述h_SD、所述h_RD和所述h_SRh_RD。The first D2D terminal sends feedback information to the D2D transmitting terminal, where the feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _RD and the h _SR h _RD .

本发明的第十个方面是提供一种设备到设备通信方法，包括：A tenth aspect of the present invention provides a device-to-device communication method, including:

第二D2D终端在第一时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；The second D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after the channel fading and path loss of the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal;

所述第二D2D终端对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号；The second D2D terminal amplifies the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot;

所述第二D2D终端在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号。The second D2D terminal transmits the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot.

结合第十个方面，在第一种可行的实现方式中，在所述第二D2D终端在第一时隙接收第一接收信号之前，还包括：With reference to the tenth aspect, in a first feasible implementation manner, before the receiving, by the second D2D terminal, the first received signal in the first time slot, the method further includes:

所述第二D2D终端接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SR，所述h_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数； Receiving, by the second D2D terminal, the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SR according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SR is the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal Channel coefficient;

所述第二D2D终端对所述第一导频信号进行放大，获得第二导频信号，并向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二导频信号；The second D2D terminal amplifies the first pilot signal, obtains a second pilot signal, and sends the second pilot signal to the first D2D terminal;

所述第二D2D终端向所述第一D2D终端发送第三导频信号。The second D2D terminal sends a third pilot signal to the first D2D terminal.

本发明实施例提供的设备到设备通信装置、系统及方法，通过D2D发射终端根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；D2D发射终端分别向作为D2D接收端的第一D2D终端和作为中继的第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；由于预编码向量采用了上文提到的设计机制，因此D2D发射终端将基于该预编码向量处理后得到的传输信号发送给第一D2D终端，使得第一D2D终端基于上文提到的解码向量对该传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后接收到的接收信号进行解码，能够有效避免其他蜂窝终端的干扰。并且，由于本发明实施例中D2D发射终端将传输信号发送给了作为中继的第二D2D终端，其降低了同一个小区的基站的额外负载。并且由于中继可以帮助单天线用户网络构成虚拟的MIMO系统，因此有效地实现了信道扩展，为利用上文提供的预编码向量(或矩阵)及解码向量(或矩阵)的提供了实施条件。The device-to-device communication device, system and method provided by the embodiment of the present invention pre-code the data symbols to be sent according to the pre-coding vector by the D2D transmitting terminal to obtain a transmission signal; and the D2D transmitting terminal respectively sends the first D2D as the D2D receiving end. Transmitting the transmission signal by the terminal and the second D2D terminal as a relay; since the precoding vector adopts the design mechanism mentioned above, the D2D transmitting terminal sends the transmission signal obtained based on the precoding vector processing to the first The D2D terminal enables the first D2D terminal to decode the received signal received by the channel fading and path loss based on the decoding vector mentioned above, and can effectively avoid interference of other cellular terminals. Moreover, since the D2D transmitting terminal transmits the transmission signal to the second D2D terminal as a relay in the embodiment of the present invention, it reduces the extra load of the base station of the same cell. And since the relay can help the single antenna user network to form a virtual MIMO system, channel extension is effectively implemented, providing implementation conditions for utilizing the precoding vectors (or matrices) and decoding vectors (or matrices) provided above.

DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description of the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.

图1为本发明实施例提供的一种设备到设备通信系统的示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device-to-device communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例提供的一种D2D发射终端结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a D2D transmitting terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例提供的一种D2D接收终端结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a D2D receiving terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图4为本发明实施例提供的一种中继结构示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a relay structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例提供一种通用设备结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a general device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例提供的一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图7为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图8为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图； FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图9为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图；FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图10为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图；FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图11为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图；FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图12为不同方案基于完整CSI情况下SINR示意图；12 is a schematic diagram of SINR based on a complete CSI in different schemes;

图13为σ_e对本发明实施例提供的方案的性能影响示意图；FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the effect of σ _e on the performance of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图14为本发明实施例提供的方案在不完整CSI情况下与其他方案进行比较的SINR示意图；FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of SINR compared with other schemes in the case of incomplete CSI according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

图15为不同方案下D2D通信的误比特率示意图。FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the bit error rate of D2D communication under different schemes.

detailed description

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is a partial embodiment of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

除了上文所述现有技术的技术问题，当D2D设备接收到中继转发的强干扰信号后，现有技术中的D2D设备由于自身解码能力，往往在解码过程中出现较大误差，从而降低了D2D设备的抗干扰能力。In addition to the technical problems of the prior art described above, when the D2D device receives the strong interfering signal that is relayed, the D2D device in the prior art often has a large error in the decoding process due to its own decoding capability, thereby reducing The anti-interference ability of D2D equipment.

另外，为了降低D2D通信的干扰现有技术还有其他的解决方案，例如，在保证蜂窝通信设备发射功率不变的条件下，通过补偿值(backoff value)的设计调整D2D设备的发射功率，使得对蜂窝设备的干扰在合理范围内。但是，这种方式并没有考虑蜂窝通信对D2D通信的干扰，从而降低了D2D终端的抗干扰能力。In addition, in order to reduce the interference of D2D communication, there are other solutions in the prior art, for example, adjusting the transmit power of the D2D device by the design of the backoff value under the condition that the transmit power of the cellular communication device is constant. Interference to cellular devices is within reasonable limits. However, this method does not consider the interference of cellular communication to D2D communication, thereby reducing the anti-interference ability of the D2D terminal.

又例如，在蜂窝设备和D2D设备的通信速率受到约束的条件下，通过功率优化平衡小区内的干扰。但是，这种方式以牺牲功率为代价，通过最大化系统容量来优化小区内干扰。For another example, the interference within the cell is balanced by power optimization under the condition that the communication rate of the cellular device and the D2D device is constrained. However, this approach optimizes intra-cell interference by maximizing system capacity at the expense of power.

为了避免上述现有技术的方案所产生的技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种设备到设备通信装置、系统及方法。下面通过具体实施例进行说明。In order to avoid the technical problems caused by the foregoing prior art solutions, the embodiments of the present invention provide a device-to-device communication device, system, and method. The following description will be made by way of specific examples.

首先，图1为本发明实施例提供的一种设备到设备通信系统的示意图，参照图1，该系统以一个单小区蜂窝网络为例，网络中存在1个基站、1个蜂窝终端(C)、1个D2D通信对(D2D发射终端S和D2D接收终端D)及1个中继(R)。其中，D2D终端和蜂窝终端共享网络的上行频谱资源。此时，由于基站接收信号，而基站有其硬件设备优势，受D2D通信的干扰影响可以忽略，因此重点关注蜂窝通信对D2D通信的干扰。First, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device-to-device communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the system takes a single-cell cellular network as an example, and one base station and one bee exist in the network. The terminal (C), one D2D communication pair (D2D transmitting terminal S and D2D receiving terminal D) and one relay (R). The D2D terminal and the cellular terminal share the uplink spectrum resources of the network. At this time, since the base station receives the signal, and the base station has the advantage of its hardware device, the interference of the D2D communication can be ignored, so the focus is on the interference of the cellular communication to the D2D communication.

进一步地，本发明采用更高效的干扰控制机制，以实现D2D的可靠通信。目前，最主要的干扰控制机制是干扰对齐(Interference Alignment,简称：IA)技术。IA的基本思想是在发射终端合理地设计传输码元的预编码向量(或预编码矩阵)，使得接收终端的干扰信号与期望信号保持线性独立，并通过接收终端的解码向量(或解码矩阵)的作用，最小化网络干扰。本发明基于IA的思想，从发射信号的预编码和接收信号的解码角度出发，针对D2D通信中的干扰问题，提出一种干扰抑制算法，并根据该干扰抑制算法设计得到预编码向量和解码向量，并应用该预编码向量和解码向量进行D2D通信，以避免蜂窝终端的干扰，提高D2D终端的抗干扰能力。Further, the present invention employs a more efficient interference control mechanism to achieve reliable communication of D2D. At present, the most important interference control mechanism is Interference Alignment (IA) technology. The basic idea of IA is to reasonably design the precoding vector (or precoding matrix) of the transmission symbol at the transmitting terminal, so that the interference signal of the receiving terminal is linearly independent of the desired signal and passes through the decoding vector (or decoding matrix) of the receiving terminal. The role of minimizing network interference. The invention is based on the idea of IA. From the perspective of precoding of received signals and decoding of received signals, an interference suppression algorithm is proposed for the interference problem in D2D communication, and the precoding vector and decoding vector are designed according to the interference suppression algorithm. And applying the precoding vector and the decoding vector to perform D2D communication to avoid interference of the cellular terminal and improve the anti-interference capability of the D2D terminal.

另外由于现有技术中将基站作为中继的方式，增加了基站本身的负载，因此，为了解决这一技术问题，本发明实施例将一个空闲的D2D终端作为中继，该D2D终端作为中继的优势在于：避免了采用基站造成的额外负载，中继与收发端的D2D终端都通过D2D通信，从而提高了传输效率。进一步的，本发明实施例引入中继协助实现信道扩展。由于中继可以帮助单天线用户网络构成虚拟的多入多出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，简称：MIMO)系统，因此有效地实现了信道扩展，为上述预编码向量(或矩阵)及解码向量(或矩阵)的设计提供了实施条件。In addition, in the prior art, the base station is used as a relay, and the load of the base station itself is increased. Therefore, in order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention uses an idle D2D terminal as a relay, and the D2D terminal acts as a relay. The advantage is that the additional load caused by the base station is avoided, and the D2D terminals of the relay and the transceiver end are all communicated through D2D, thereby improving the transmission efficiency. Further, the embodiment of the present invention introduces a relay to assist in channel extension. Since the relay can help the single-antenna user network to form a virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, the channel extension is effectively implemented, and the precoding vector (or matrix) and the decoding vector are used. The design of (or matrix) provides implementation conditions.

基于中继的引入并针对本发明中的D2D系统，本发明实施例提出一种干扰抑制算法。该算法通过D2D收发终端的分步编解码来提升D2D通信的信号与干扰加噪声比(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，简称：SINR)性能，主要是收端抑制蜂窝干扰，发端最大化接收SINR。具体步骤如下：第一步，通过设计D2D接收终端的解码向量来抑制D2D通信受到的干扰。第二步，在干扰抑制完成的基础上，通过设计D2D发射终端的预编码向量来提高D2D接收终端的SINR。较之现有的频谱正交方案(D2D通信与蜂窝通信占用不同的频谱资源)以及MMSE接收方案(D2D接收终端采用MMSE接收方式)，本发明的算法显著提升了D2D通信的SINR和通信性能。 The embodiment of the present invention provides an interference suppression algorithm based on the introduction of the relay and the D2D system in the present invention. The algorithm improves the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) performance of the D2D communication through the step-by-step coding and decoding of the D2D transceiver terminal, mainly because the receiving end suppresses the cellular interference, and the originator maximizes the receiving SINR. The specific steps are as follows: In the first step, the interference received by the D2D communication is suppressed by designing the decoding vector of the D2D receiving terminal. In the second step, based on the completion of interference suppression, the SINR of the D2D receiving terminal is improved by designing a precoding vector of the D2D transmitting terminal. Compared with the existing spectrum orthogonal scheme (D2D communication and cellular communication occupy different spectrum resources) and the MMSE receiving scheme (the D2D receiving terminal adopts the MMSE receiving mode), the algorithm of the present invention significantly improves the SINR and communication performance of the D2D communication.

下面参照图1，对本发明实施例提供的D2D发射终端的预编码向量和D2D接收终端的解码向量的原理进行说明。The principle of the precoding vector of the D2D transmitting terminal and the decoding vector of the D2D receiving terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，D2D通信的一个周期内包含两个时隙，即第一时隙和第二时隙，下文实施例均以这两个时隙对方案进行说明，而D2D通信是可以持续多个周期的，D2D终端在每个周期内的第一时隙和第二周期采用相同的处理方式。It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, two periods, that is, a first time slot and a second time slot, are included in one cycle of D2D communication, and the following embodiments illustrate the two time slots. The D2D communication can last for a plurality of cycles, and the D2D terminal adopts the same processing manner in the first time slot and the second cycle in each cycle.

参照图1，在单个中继参与通信时，一般将时间段分为对等的两个时隙。在第一个时隙，蜂窝终端C和D2D发射终端S分别发送信号

和

中继仅接收信号，因此，D2D接收终端D和中继R的接收信号分别为：Referring to Figure 1, when a single relay participates in communication, the time period is generally divided into two equal time slots. In the first time slot, the cellular terminal C and the D2D transmitting terminal S respectively transmit signals.

with

The relay only receives signals, so the received signals of the D2D receiving terminal D and the relay R are:

其中，d_ij表示终端i(i∈{S,R,C})与终端j(j∈{R,D})间的路径距离。h_ij表示终端i与终端j间的信道系数，均服从(0,1)分布。α表示路径损耗指数。x_i表示终端i的发射信号。n_j表示终端j的加性噪声，均服从(0,σ²)分布。信道系数、发射信号和加性噪声上标中的数字均表示通信的时隙数。Where d _ij represents the path distance between the terminal i (i ∈ {S, R, C}) and the terminal j (j ∈ {R, D}). h _ij represents the channel coefficient between terminal i and terminal j, and both obey the (0, 1) distribution. α represents the path loss index. x _i represents the transmission signal of the terminal i. n _j represents the additive noise of terminal j, and both obey the (0, σ ² ) distribution. The channel coefficients, the transmitted signals, and the numbers in the additive noise superscript indicate the number of time slots for communication.

在第二个时隙，中继转发第一个时隙接收的信号，同时蜂窝终端C和D2D发射终端S分别发送信号

和

此时，D2D接收终端D的接收信号为：In the second time slot, the signal received in the first time slot is relayed, and the cellular terminal C and the D2D transmitting terminal S respectively transmit signals.

with

At this time, the received signal of the D2D receiving terminal D is:

其中，β表示中继放大系数，需要说明的是，本发明实施例采用放大转发(Amplify-and-Forward，简称：AF)策略作为中继转发方式。The value of β indicates the relay amplification factor. It should be noted that the Amplify-and-Forward (AF) policy is used as the relay forwarding mode.

根据式(1)-(3)，这里定义

其中，

和

相互独立且均值服从

P_C表示蜂窝终端C的发射功率。v和s分别表示D2D发射终端S的预编码向量和数据符号(传输码元)，预编码向量满足功率约束v^Hv＝1，E[|s|²]＝P_S，P_S表示D2D发射终端S的发射功率。而由于中继采用AF策略，故中继放大系数可取

P_R是中继R的发射功率。依据上述定义，D2D接收终端D的接收信号可表示为：According to equations (1)-(3), defined here

among them,

with

Independent and mean obey

P _C represents the transmission power of the cellular terminal C. v and s respectively represent precoding vectors and data symbols (transmission symbols) of the D2D transmitting terminal S, the precoding vectors satisfy the power constraint v ^H v=1, E[|s| ² ]=P _S , and P _S represents D2D transmission Transmit power of terminal S. Since the relay adopts the AF policy, the relay amplification factor is desirable.

P _R is the transmit power of the relay R. According to the above definition, the received signal of the D2D receiving terminal D can be expressed as:

y_D＝H_Sx_S+H_Cx_C+n (4)y _D =H _S x _S +H _C x _C +n (4)

其中，

among them,

此外，定义2×1维列向量u为D2D接收终端D的解码向量，那么根据式(4)可得解码后的信号为：In addition, the 2×1 dimensional column vector u is defined as the decoding vector of the D2D receiving terminal D, and then the decoded signal according to the equation (4) is:

其中，第一项为有用信号，第二项为干扰信号，第三项为噪声。解码向量满足功率约束u^Hu＝1。[]^H表示向量(或矩阵)的共轭转置。Among them, the first item is a useful signal, the second term is an interference signal, and the third term is noise. The decoded vector satisfies the power constraint u ^H u=1. [] ^H represents the conjugate transpose of a vector (or matrix).

根据式(5)，D2D接收终端D的SINR可表示为：According to equation (5), the SINR of the D2D receiving terminal D can be expressed as:

其中，

among them,

本发明实施例是通过采用合适的预编码向量和解码向量，最大化D2D通信的SINR。因此，结合目标函数(6)，本发明的优化问题表示为：Embodiments of the present invention maximize the SINR of D2D communication by employing suitable precoding vectors and decoding vectors. Therefore, in conjunction with the objective function (6), the optimization problem of the present invention is expressed as:

本发明上述实施例提供的干扰抑制算法通过D2D收发终端的分步编解码来提升D2D通信的SINR性能，即考虑式(7)中分母干扰项的最小化和分子有用信号功率的最大化，主要是收端抑制蜂窝干扰，发端最大化接收SINR，具体步骤如下：The interference suppression algorithm provided by the foregoing embodiment of the present invention improves the SINR performance of the D2D communication through the step-by-step coding and decoding of the D2D transceiver terminal, that is, the minimization of the denominator interference term in the equation (7) is considered. And the maximization of the useful signal power of the molecule, mainly to suppress the cellular interference at the receiving end, and maximize the receiving SINR at the origin, as follows:

步骤1：通过设计D2D接收终端的解码向量来抑制D2D通信受到的干扰。Step 1: The interference received by the D2D communication is suppressed by designing the decoding vector of the D2D receiving terminal.

该优化问题表示为：The optimization problem is expressed as:

步骤2：在干扰抑制完成的基础上，通过设计D2D发射终端的预编码向量来提高D2D接收终端的SINR。Step 2: On the basis of the completion of the interference suppression, the SINR of the D2D receiving terminal is improved by designing the precoding vector of the D2D transmitting terminal.

从上文公式(7)可以看出，在D2D接收终端解码向量u确定的情况下，SINR主要取决于有用信号的功率，因此该优化问题表示为：It can be seen from the above formula (7) that in the case where the D2D receiving terminal decodes the vector u, the SINR mainly depends on the power of the useful signal, so the optimization problem is expressed as:

进一步的，为了能够解决上述优化问题，下面给出具体的推导过程：Further, in order to solve the above optimization problem, a specific derivation process is given below:

第一步：由瑞利-里兹(Rayleigh-Ritz)定理可知，当解码向量满足如下公式(10)时：The first step: According to the Rayleigh-Ritz theorem, when the decoding vector satisfies the following formula (10):

上文公式(8)中的目标函数可获得最小值

其中，λ_min[]表示矩阵的最小特征值，所述e_max表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量。The objective function in equation (8) above can obtain the minimum value

Where λ _min [] represents the minimum eigenvalue of the matrix, and e _max represents the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue of the matrix.

根据公式(10)，利用矩阵特征向量的求解方法并依据限制条件u^Hu＝1计算可得D2D接收终端的解码向量u：According to formula (10), the decoding vector u of the D2D receiving terminal can be calculated by using the solution method of the matrix eigenvector and calculating according to the constraint u ^H u=1:

其中，a＝(d_CD)^-αh_CD，b＝β(d_CRd_RD)^-αh_CRh_RD，

[]^T表示向量(或矩阵)的转置。Where a = (d _CD ) - ^α h _CD , b = β (d _CR d _RD ) - ^α h _CR h _RD ,

[] ^T represents the transpose of a vector (or matrix).

第二步：由于

根据瑞利-里兹(Rayleigh-Ritz)定理可知，当预编码向量满足如下公式(12)时：Step 2: Because

According to the Rayleigh-Ritz theorem, when the precoding vector satisfies the following formula (12):

上文公式(9)中的目标函数可获得最大值

其中，λ_max[]表示矩阵的最大特征值，e_max[]表示矩阵最大特征值对应的特征向量。The objective function in equation (9) above can get the maximum value

Where λ _max [] represents the largest eigenvalue of the matrix, and e _max [] represents the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue of the matrix.

根据公式(12)，同样利用矩阵特征向量的求解方法并依据限制条件v^Hv＝1可得D2D发射终端的预编码向量v：According to formula (12), the solution vector of the matrix eigenvector is also used and the precoding vector v of the D2D transmitting terminal can be obtained according to the constraint condition v ^H v=1:

其中，a₁＝(d_SD)^-αh_SD，b₁＝β(d_SRd_RD)^-αh_SRh_RD，δ如式(11)中定义所示。Wherein a ₁ = (d _SD ) - ^α h _SD , b ₁ = β (d _SR d _RD ) - ^α h _SR h _RD , δ is as defined in the formula (11).

综上，由于所求得的解码向量u是矩阵

最小特征值对应的特征向量，那么

的取值就是矩阵

的最小特征值，即经过解码向量u的作用，D2D接收终端的干扰已被最小化。而在u确定的情况下，所求得的预编码向量v是矩阵

最大特征值对应的特征向量，那么

的取值就是矩阵

的最大特征值，即经过预编码向量v的作用，D2D接收终端的有用信号功率已被最大化。因此，D2D接收终端的SINR性能得到提升。In summary, since the obtained decoding vector u is a matrix

The eigenvector corresponding to the smallest eigenvalue, then

The value is the matrix

The minimum eigenvalue, that is, the effect of the decoded vector u, the interference of the D2D receiving terminal has been minimized. And in the case of u determination, the obtained precoding vector v is a matrix

The eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue, then

The value is the matrix

The maximum eigenvalue, that is, the effect of the precoding vector v, the useful signal power of the D2D receiving terminal has been maximized. Therefore, the SINR performance of the D2D receiving terminal is improved.

进一步的，为了能够确定上文所述的预编码向量v和解码向量u，需要D2D发射端S获得信道反馈信息，下面给出一种具体的实现方式：Further, in order to be able to determine the precoding vector v and the decoding vector u described above, the D2D transmitting end S is required to obtain channel feedback information, and a specific implementation manner is given below:

步骤1：根据D2D发射端S发送的导频信号，中继R估计出信道增益h_SR，D2D接收端D估计出信道增益h_SD；Step 1: According to the pilot signal transmitted by the D2D transmitting end S, the relay R estimates the channel gain h _SR , and the D2D receiving end D estimates the channel gain h _SD ;

步骤2：中继R放大接收到的D2D发射端S发送的导频信号，并将其转发至D2D接收端D，D2D接收端D估计出信道增益乘积h_SRh_RD；Step 2: The relay R amplifies the received pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting end S and forwards it to the D2D receiving end D, and the D2D receiving end D estimates the channel gain product h _SR h _RD ;

步骤3：根据中继R发送的导频信号，D2D接收端D估计出信道增益h_RD；Step 3: According to the pilot signal sent by the relay R, the D2D receiving end D estimates the channel gain h _RD ;

步骤4：根据D2D接收端D估计的信道增益，将其反馈至D2D发射端S，D2D发射端S可获得信道增益h_SD、h_RD和h_SRh_RD。Step 4: According to the channel gain estimated by the D2D receiving end D, it is fed back to the D2D transmitting end S, and the D2D transmitting end S can obtain the channel gains h _SD , h _RD and h _SR h _RD .

注：对于解码向量u而言，干扰信道的信道增益取其统计值，即均值为0，方差为1。Note: For the decoding vector u, the channel gain of the interference channel takes its statistical value, that is, the mean is 0 and the variance is 1.

表1.信道增益反馈过程 Table 1. Channel gain feedback process

进一步的，对于D2D发射端S从信道的SNR角度出发，以估计得到信道增益，具体过程如下：Further, for the D2D transmitting end S, the channel gain is estimated from the SNR angle of the channel, and the specific process is as follows:

如表1所示，在步骤1中，D2D发射端S发送导频信号x_S,pilot，此时，中继R和D2D接收端D接收的导频信号分别为As shown in Table 1, in step 1, the D2D transmitting end S transmits a pilot signal x _{S, pilot} . At this time, the pilot signals received by the relay R and the D2D receiving end D are respectively

其中，P_S是D2D发射端S导频信号的预设功率，x_S,pilot功率归一化为1。n_R和

分别表示中继R和D2D接收端D的加性噪声，均服从均值为0，方差为σ²的高斯分布。根据式(14)-(15)，可估计出信道增益h_SR和h_SD：Wherein, P _S is the preset power of the pilot signal of the D2D transmitting end S, and the x _{S, pilot} power is normalized to 1. n _R and

The additive noises of the relay R and the D2D receiving end D respectively represent the Gaussian distribution with a mean of 0 and a variance of σ ² . According to equations (14)-(15), the channel gains h _SR and h _SD can be estimated:

在步骤2中，中继R放大接收到的导频信号y_R，并将其转发至D2D接收端D，此时，D2D接收端D接收的导频信号为In step 2, the relay R amplifies the received pilot signal y _R and forwards it to the D2D receiving terminal D. At this time, the pilot signal received by the D2D receiving terminal D is

其中，β表示中继放大系数，

表示均值为0，方差为σ²的高斯加性噪声。根据式(18)，可估计出信道增益乘积h_SRh_RD：Where β represents the relay amplification factor,

A Gaussian additive noise with a mean of 0 and a variance of σ ^{2 is} represented. According to equation (18), the channel gain product h _SR h _RD can be estimated:

在步骤3中，中继R发送导频信号x_R,pilot，此时，D2D接收端D接收的导频信号为：In step 3, the relay R transmits a pilot signal x _R,pilot . At this time, the pilot signal received by the D2D receiving terminal D is:

其中，P_R是中继R导频信号的预设功率，x_R,pilot功率归一化为1。

表示D2D接收端D的加性噪声，同样服从均值为0，方差为σ²的高斯分布。根据式(20)，可估计出信道增益h_RD：Wherein, P _R is a preset power of the relay R pilot signal, and x _{R, the pilot} power is normalized to 1.

It represents the additive noise of the D2D receiving end D, and also obeys the Gaussian distribution with a mean of 0 and a variance of σ ² . According to equation (20), the channel gain h _RD can be estimated:

结合式(19)和式(21)可进一步估计出信道增益乘积h_SRh_RD：The channel gain product h _SR h _RD can be further estimated by combining equations (19) and (21):

最后，根据D2D接收端D估计的信道增益，将其反馈至D2D发射端S，D2D发射端S可获得信道增益|h_SD|²、|h_RD|²和|h_SRh_RD|²。Finally, according to the channel gain estimated by the D2D receiving end D, it is fed back to the D2D transmitting end S, and the D2D transmitting end S can obtain the channel gains |h _SD | ² , |h _RD | ² and |h _SR h _RD | ² .

下面通过具体的实施例，分别对本发明实施例涉及的D2D发射终端、D2D接收端、中继的具体功能进行说明。The specific functions of the D2D transmitting terminal, the D2D receiving end, and the relay according to the embodiments of the present invention are respectively described below through specific embodiments.

图2为本发明实施例提供的一种D2D发射终端结构示意图，该D2D发射终端具体可以为具有D2D通信功能的用户设备、车载通信设备等，参照图2，该D2D发射终端包括：处理模块100、收发模块101。2 is a schematic structural diagram of a D2D transmitting terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. The D2D transmitting terminal may be a user equipment having a D2D communication function, an in-vehicle communication device, and the like. Referring to FIG. 2, the D2D transmitting terminal includes: a processing module 100. The transceiver module 101.

处理模块100，用于根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；The processing module 100 is configured to pre-code the data symbols to be sent according to the pre-coding vector To obtain a transmission signal;

收发模块101，用于分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；The transceiver module 101 is configured to send the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively.

v＝[v₁ v₂]^T v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

所述v₁的表达式如下：The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

所述v₂的表达式如下：The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

本发明实施例提供的D2D发射终端，通过处理模块根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；收发模块分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；由于预编码向量采用了上文提到的设计机制，因此D2D发射终端将基于该预编码向量处理后得到的传输信号发送给第一D2D终端，使得第一D2D终端基于上文提到的解码向量对该传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后接收到的接收信号进行解码，能够有效避免其他蜂窝终端的干扰。并且，由于本发明实施例中D2D发射终端将传输信号发送给了作为中继的第二D2D终端，其降低了同一个小区的基站的额外负载。并且由于中继可以帮助单天线用户网络构成虚拟的MIMO系统，因此有效地实现了信道扩展，为利用上文提供的预编码向量(或矩阵)及解码向量(或矩阵)的提供了实施条件。The D2D transmitting terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention performs pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processing module to obtain a transmission signal; and the transceiver module transmits the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal respectively; Since the precoding vector adopts the design mechanism mentioned above, the D2D transmitting terminal transmits the transmission signal obtained based on the precoding vector processing to the first D2D terminal, so that the first D2D terminal is based on the decoding vector mentioned above. Decoding the received signal received after channel fading and path loss of the transmission signal can effectively avoid interference of other cellular terminals. Moreover, since the D2D transmitting terminal transmits the transmission signal to the second D2D terminal as a relay in the embodiment of the present invention, it reduces the extra load of the base station of the same cell. And since the relay can help the single antenna user network to form a virtual MIMO system, channel extension is effectively implemented, providing implementation conditions for utilizing the precoding vectors (or matrices) and decoding vectors (or matrices) provided above.

进一步的，参照上文可知，在一个周期内所述D2D发射终端会在两个时隙中分别发送传输信号，因此，所述传输信号包括：第一时隙的传输信号和第二时隙的传输信号；Further, referring to the above, the D2D transmitting terminal separately transmits a transmission signal in two time slots in one cycle, and therefore, the transmission signal includes: a transmission signal of the first time slot and a second time slot Transmission signal;

所述收发模块101，具体用于在所述第一时隙分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述第一时隙的传输信号；在所述第二时隙向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的传输信号；The transceiver module 101 is configured to send, in the first time slot, a transmission signal of the first time slot to a first D2D terminal and a second D2D terminal, respectively, to the first time slot in the second time slot. Transmitting, by the D2D terminal, a transmission signal of the second time slot;

S₁＝v₁sS ₁ =v ₁ s

S₂＝v₂s S ₂ =v ₂ s

参照上文可知，所述v满足上文公式(12)。Referring to the above, the v satisfies the above formula (12).

所述u的表达式参照上文公式(11)。The expression of u is referred to the above formula (11).

可选的，所述处理模块100，还用于在所述收发模块101分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号之前，在除所述第一D2D终端之外的多个处于空闲状态的D2D终端中，选择任意一个作为所述第二D2D终端。Optionally, the processing module 100 is further configured to: before the sending and receiving module 101 sends the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively, before the first D2D terminal In the D2D terminal in an idle state, any one is selected as the second D2D terminal.

可选的，所述收发模块101，还用于：Optionally, the transceiver module 101 is further configured to:

在所述处理模块100根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号之前，分别向所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端发送导频信号，以使所述第一D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SD，以使所述第二D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SR；Performing pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processing module 100, and transmitting pilot signals to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal respectively to obtain the first Determining, by the D2D terminal, the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

接收所述第一D2D终端发送的反馈信息，所述反馈信息包含所述h_SD、所述h_RD和所述h_SRh_RD。图3为本发明实施例提供的一种D2D接收终端结构示意图，参照图3，该D2D接收终端包括：处理模块200，收发模块201；Receiving feedback information sent by the first D2D terminal, where the feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _RD, and the h _SR h _RD . Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a D2D receiving terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 3, the D2D receiving terminal includes: a processing module 200, a transceiver module 201;

收发模块201，用于在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二个时隙接收第二接收信号，所述第二接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；The transceiver module 201 is configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Receiving, by the second time slot, a second received signal, where the second received signal is a transmission signal of the second time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and an amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal is channel fading And superimposed after the path loss;

处理模块200，用于根据解码向量对所述第一接收信号进行解码处理得到第一数据信息；根据所述解码向量对所述第二接收信号进行解码处理得到第二数据信息；将所述第一数据信息与所述第二数据信息合并获得数据符号；The processing module 200 is configured to perform decoding processing on the first received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain first data information, and perform decoding processing on the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information; Combining a data information with the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

其中，所述第二D2D终端为中继，所述第二时隙的放大信号为第二D2D终端将所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号进行放大得到的；所述解码向量的表达式如下：The second D2D terminal is a relay, and the amplified signal of the second time slot is obtained by the second D2D terminal amplifying the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal. The expression of the decoding vector is as follows:

u＝[u₁ u₂]^T u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

所述u₁的表达式如下：The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

其中，所述

本发明实施例提供的D2D接收终端，通过收发模块在第一时隙和第二时隙分别接收第一接收信号和第二接收信号，处理模块根据上述解码向量分别对第一接收信号和第二接收信号进行解码处理，并将解码处理得到的第一数据信息与第二数据信息进行合并，获得所需的数据符号。在这个过程中，由于第二接收信号包含为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；其中，第二D2D终端作为中继时可以有效避免基站的额外负载，同时由于第二D2D终端作为中继发送第二时隙的放大信号实现了信道扩展，在这样的条件下，第一D2D终端采用上述形式的解码处理进行解码处理后获得所需的数据符号，能够有效避免蜂窝通信的干扰，提高了D2D通信的抗干扰能力。The D2D receiving terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention receives the first received signal and the second received signal in the first time slot and the second time slot respectively by the transceiver module, and the processing module respectively respectively processes the first received signal and the second according to the decoding vector. The received signal is subjected to decoding processing, and the first data information obtained by the decoding process is combined with the second data information to obtain a desired data symbol. In this process, since the second received signal includes a transmission signal of the second time slot transmitted by the D2D transmitting terminal and The amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal is superposed by channel fading and path loss; wherein the second D2D terminal can effectively avoid the extra load of the base station when acting as a relay, and at the same time, because the second D2D terminal acts as a middle The channel extension is implemented by transmitting the amplified signal of the second time slot. Under such conditions, the first D2D terminal obtains the required data symbols by performing decoding processing in the above-described form of decoding processing, thereby effectively avoiding interference of cellular communication and improving The anti-interference ability of D2D communication.

进一步的，所述u满足上述公式(10)。Further, the u satisfies the above formula (10).

进一步的，参照上文表1可知，为了能够确定上文所述的预编码向量v和解码向量u，D2D发射端需要获得信道反馈信息，因此D2D接收端也需要执行相应的步骤，具体的，所述收发模块201，还用于：Further, referring to Table 1 above, in order to be able to determine the precoding vector v and the decoding vector u described above, the D2D transmitting end needs to obtain channel feedback information, so the D2D receiving end also needs to perform corresponding steps, specifically, The transceiver module 201 is further configured to:

在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号之前，接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SD，所述h_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述D2D接收终端的信道系数；Before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot, receiving the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SD according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SD is the D2D transmitting terminal a channel coefficient with the D2D receiving terminal;

图4为本发明实施例提供的一种中继结构示意图，该中继为D2D终端，参照图4，该中继包括：放大模块300、收发模块301；FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a relay structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The relay is a D2D terminal. Referring to FIG. 4, the relay includes: an amplifying module 300, a transceiver module 301;

收发模块301，用于在第一时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号； The transceiver module 301 is configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Transmitting, by the second time slot, the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal;

放大模块300，用于对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号。The amplifying module 300 is configured to amplify the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot.

本发明实施例提供的中继，首先将D2D终端作为中继，其避免了当使用基站作为中继时为基站增加的不必要的复杂，其次，收发模块在第一时隙接收D2D发射终端发送的第一接收信号；放大模块对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号；收发模块再在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号。放大模块对接收信号只需要做简单的功率放大处理，因此，在有效地实现了信道扩展从而保证D2D接收端进行有效抗干扰解码的同时，不需要进行额外的信令控制，从而降低了中继处理的复杂度。The relay provided by the embodiment of the present invention firstly uses the D2D terminal as a relay, which avoids unnecessary complexity added to the base station when the base station is used as a relay, and secondly, the transceiver module receives the D2D transmitting terminal in the first time slot. The first receiving signal; the amplifying module amplifies the first receiving signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot; and the transceiver module sends the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot. The amplifying module only needs to perform simple power amplification processing on the received signal. Therefore, the channel expansion is effectively implemented to ensure effective anti-interference decoding of the D2D receiving end, and no additional signaling control is required, thereby reducing the relay. The complexity of processing.

进一步的，参照表1，为了能够确定上文所述的预编码向量v和解码向量u，D2D发射端需要获得信道反馈信息，相应的中继也需要执行相应的步骤，具体的，所述收发模块301，还用于：Further, referring to Table 1, in order to be able to determine the precoding vector v and the decoding vector u described above, the D2D transmitting end needs to obtain channel feedback information, and the corresponding relay also needs to perform corresponding steps. Specifically, the transmitting and receiving Module 301 is also used to:

在第一时隙接收第一接收信号之前，接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SR，所述h_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数；Before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot, receiving the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SR according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SR is the D2D transmitting terminal and a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal;

所述放大模块300，还用于对所述第一导频信号进行放大，获得第二导频信号。The amplifying module 300 is further configured to perform amplification on the first pilot signal to obtain a second pilot signal.

可选的，对于上文D2D发射终端、D2D接收终端和中继，图5为本发明实施例提供一种通用设备结构示意图，D2D发射终端、D2D接收终端和中继均可以采用图5所示通用设备的结构。Optionally, for the foregoing D2D transmitting terminal, the D2D receiving terminal, and the relay, FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a general device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the D2D transmitting terminal, the D2D receiving terminal, and the relay are both shown in FIG. The structure of a generic device.

当该通用设备为D2D发射终端时，其具有如下功能：When the universal device is a D2D transmitting terminal, it has the following functions:

处理器400，用于根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；The processor 400 is configured to perform pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal;

收发器401，用于分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；The transceiver 401 is configured to send the transmission to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively. Transmitting signal

v＝[v₁ v₂]^T v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

所述v₁的表达式如下：The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

所述v₂的表达式如下：The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

本发明实施例提供的D2D发射终端，通过处理器根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；收发器分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；由于预编码向量采用了上文提到的设计机制，因此D2D发射终端将基于该预编码向量处理后得到的传输信号发送给第一D2D终端，使得第一D2D终端基于上文提到的解码向量对该传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后接收到的接收信号进行解码，能够有效避免其他蜂窝终端的干扰。并且，由于本发明实施例中D2D发射终端将传输信号发送给了作为中继的第二D2D终端，其降低了同一个小区的基站的额外负载。并且由于中继可以帮助单天线用户网络构成虚拟的MIMO系统，因此有效地实现了信道扩展，为利用上文提供的预编码向量(或矩阵)及解码向量(或矩阵)的提供了实施条件。The D2D transmitting terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention performs pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processor to obtain a transmission signal; the transceiver respectively transmits the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal; Since the precoding vector adopts the design mechanism mentioned above, the D2D transmitting terminal transmits the transmission signal obtained based on the precoding vector processing to the first D2D terminal, so that the first D2D terminal is based on the decoding vector mentioned above. Decoding the received signal received after channel fading and path loss of the transmission signal can effectively avoid interference of other cellular terminals. Moreover, since the D2D transmitting terminal transmits the transmission signal to the second D2D terminal as a relay in the embodiment of the present invention, it reduces the extra load of the base station of the same cell. And since the relay can help the single antenna user network to form a virtual MIMO system, channel extension is effectively implemented, providing implementation conditions for utilizing the precoding vectors (or matrices) and decoding vectors (or matrices) provided above.

优选的，所述传输信号包括：第一时隙的传输信号和第二时隙的传输信号；Preferably, the transmission signal includes: a transmission signal of a first time slot and a transmission signal of a second time slot;

所述收发器401，具体用于在所述第一时隙分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述第一时隙的传输信号；在所述第二时隙向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的传输信号；The transceiver 401 is specifically configured to send, in the first time slot, a transmission signal of the first time slot to a first D2D terminal and a second D2D terminal, respectively, to the first time slot in the second time slot. Transmitting, by the D2D terminal, a transmission signal of the second time slot;

S₁＝v₁sS ₁ =v ₁ s

S₂＝v₂sS ₂ =v ₂ s

所述u的表达式参照上文公式(11)。 The expression of u is referred to the above formula (11).

可选的，所述处理器400，还用于在所述收发器401分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号之前，在除所述第一D2D终端之外的多个处于空闲状态的D2D终端中，选择任意一个作为所述第二D2D终端。Optionally, the processor 400 is further configured to: before the sending, by the transceiver 401, the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively, In the D2D terminal in an idle state, any one is selected as the second D2D terminal.

可选的，所述收发器401，还用于：Optionally, the transceiver 401 is further configured to:

在所述处理器400根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号之前，分别向所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端发送导频信号，以使所述第一D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SD，以使所述第二D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SR；Performing pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processor 400, and transmitting a pilot signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal respectively before obtaining the transmission signal, so that the first Determining, by the D2D terminal, the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

当该通用设备为D2D接收终端时，其具有如下功能：When the universal device is a D2D receiving terminal, it has the following functions:

收发器401，用于在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二个时隙接收第二接收信号，所述第二接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；The transceiver 401 is configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Receiving, by the second time slot, a second received signal, where the second received signal is a transmission signal of the second time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and an amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal is channel fading And superimposed after the path loss;

处理器400，用于根据解码向量对所述第一接收信号进行解码处理得到第一数据信息；根据所述解码向量对所述第二接收信号进行解码处理得到第二数据信息；将所述第一数据信息与所述第二数据信息合并获得数据符号；The processor 400 is configured to perform decoding processing on the first received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain first data information, and perform decoding processing on the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information; Combining a data information with the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

u＝[u₁ u₂]^T u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

所述u₁的表达式如下：The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

其中，所述

本发明实施例提供的D2D接收终端，通过收发器在第一时隙和第二时隙分别接收第一接收信号和第二接收信号，处理器根据上述解码向量分别对第一接收信号和第二接收信号进行解码处理，并将解码处理得到的第一数据信息与第二数据信息进行合并，获得所需的数据符号。在这个过程中，由于第二接收信号包含为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；其中，第二D2D终端作为中继时可以有效避免基站的额外负载，同时由于第二D2D终端作为中继发送第二时隙的放大信号实现了信道扩展，在这样的条件下，第一D2D终端采用上述形式的解码处理进行解码处理后获得所需的数据符号，能够有效避免蜂窝通信的干扰，提高了D2D通信的抗干扰能力。The D2D receiving terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention receives the first received signal and the second received signal respectively in the first time slot and the second time slot by the transceiver, and the processor respectively respectively processes the first received signal and the second according to the decoding vector. The received signal is subjected to decoding processing, and the first data information obtained by the decoding process is combined with the second data information to obtain a desired data symbol. In this process, the second received signal includes a transmission signal of the second time slot transmitted by the D2D transmitting terminal and an amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal, which are superposed by channel fading and path loss. Wherein, the second D2D terminal can effectively avoid the extra load of the base station when acting as a relay, and at the same time The two D2D terminals perform channel expansion by transmitting the amplified signal of the second time slot as a relay. Under such conditions, the first D2D terminal obtains the required data symbols by performing decoding processing in the above-described form of decoding processing, which can effectively avoid the cellular The interference of communication improves the anti-interference ability of D2D communication.

进一步的，参照上文表1可知，为了能够确定上文所述的预编码向量v和解码向量u，D2D发射端需要获得信道反馈信息，因此D2D接收端也需要执行相应的步骤，具体的，所述收发器401，还用于：Further, referring to Table 1 above, in order to be able to determine the precoding vector v and the decoding vector u described above, the D2D transmitting end needs to obtain channel feedback information, so the D2D receiving end also needs to perform corresponding steps, specifically, The transceiver 401 is further configured to:

当该通用设备为中继时，其具有如下功能：When the universal device is a relay, it has the following functions:

收发器401，用于在第一时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号；The transceiver 401 is configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Transmitting, by the second time slot, the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal;

处理器400，用于对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号。The processor 400 is configured to amplify the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot.

本发明实施例提供的中继，首先将D2D终端作为中继，其避免了当使用基站作为中继时为基站增加的不必要的复杂，其次，收发器在第一时隙接收D2D发射终端发送的第一接收信号；处理器对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号；收发器在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号。处理器对接收信号只需要做简单的功率放大处理，因此，在有效地实现了信道扩展从而保证D2D接收端进行有效抗干扰解码的同时，不需要进行额外的信令控制，从而降低了中继处理的复杂度。In the relay provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the D2D terminal is first used as a relay, which avoids The base station is used as a relay to increase the unnecessary complexity of the base station. Secondly, the transceiver receives the first received signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal in the first time slot; the processor amplifies the first received signal to obtain the second time. The amplified signal of the slot; the transceiver transmits the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot. The processor only needs to perform simple power amplification processing on the received signal. Therefore, the channel extension is effectively implemented to ensure effective anti-interference decoding of the D2D receiving end, and no additional signaling control is required, thereby reducing the relay. The complexity of processing.

进一步的，所述收发器401，还用于：Further, the transceiver 401 is further configured to:

所述处理器400，还用于对所述第一导频信号进行放大，获得第二导频信号。The processor 400 is further configured to perform amplification on the first pilot signal to obtain a second pilot signal.

参照上文及图1，本发明还提供一种设备到设备通信系统，该系统包括：图2或图5所述的D2D发射终端，图3或图5所述的D2D接收终端和图4或图5所述的中继设备。进一步的，D2D发射终端、D2D接收终端和中继能够实现相应实施例的功能和技术效果。Referring to the above and FIG. 1, the present invention further provides a device-to-device communication system, comprising: the D2D transmitting terminal described in FIG. 2 or FIG. 5, the D2D receiving terminal described in FIG. 3 or FIG. 5, and FIG. 4 or The relay device described in FIG. Further, the D2D transmitting terminal, the D2D receiving terminal, and the relay can implement the functions and technical effects of the corresponding embodiments.

图6为本发明实施例提供的一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图，该方法执行主体为D2D发射终端，该D2D发射终端可以采用图2或图5所示的结构，该D2D发射终端具体可以为具有D2D通信功能的用户设备、车载通信设备等，参照图6，该方法包括如下步骤：FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method is performed by using a D2D transmitting terminal, and the D2D transmitting terminal may adopt the structure shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. For a user equipment having a D2D communication function, an in-vehicle communication device, etc., referring to FIG. 6, the method includes the following steps:

步骤100、D2D发射终端根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号(Data Symbol)进行预编处理，获得传输信号；Step 100: The D2D transmitting terminal performs pre-coding processing on the data symbol to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal.

步骤101、所述D2D发射终端分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；Step 101: The D2D transmitting terminal sends the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively.

其中，所述第一D2D终端为所述传输信号的接收端，所述第二D2D终端为中继； The first D2D terminal is a receiving end of the transmission signal, and the second D2D terminal is a relay;

v＝[v₁ v₂]^T v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

所述v₁的表达式如下：The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

所述v₂的表达式如下：The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

所述a＝(d_CD)^-αh_CD，所述b＝β(d_CRd_RD)^-αh_CRh_RD，所述β为所述第二D2D终端的放大系数，所述d_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述d_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的路径距离，所述d_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述d_CR为蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述h_CR为所述蜂窝终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数，所述d_CD为蜂窝终端与所述第一D2D终端的路径距离，所述h_CD为所述蜂窝终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数，所述α表示路径损耗指数。 Wherein a ₁ =(d _SD ) ^-α h _SD , the b ₁ =β(d _SR d _RD ) ^-α h _SR h _RD ,

本发明实施例提供的设备到设备通信方法，通过D2D发射终端根据预编码向量对待发送的数据符号进行预编处理，获得传输信号；所述D2D发射终端分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述传输信号；由于预编码向量采用了上文提到的设计机制，因此D2D发射终端将基于该预编码向量处理后得到的传输信号发送给第一D2D终端，使得第一D2D终端基于上文提到的解码向量对该传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后接收到的接收信号进行解码，能够有效避免其他蜂窝终端的干扰。并且，由于本发明实施例中D2D发射终端将传输信号发送给了作为中继的第二D2D终端，其降低了同一个小区的基站的额外负载。并且由于中继可以帮助单天线用户网络构成虚拟的MIMO系统，因此有效地实现了信道扩展，为利用上文提供的预编码向量(或矩阵)及解码向量(或矩阵)的提供了实施条件。The device-to-device communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention performs pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the D2D transmitting terminal to obtain a transmission signal; the D2D transmitting terminal respectively reaches the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal. Transmitting the transmission signal; since the precoding vector adopts the design mechanism mentioned above, the D2D transmitting terminal transmits the transmission signal obtained based on the precoding vector processing to the first D2D terminal, so that the first D2D terminal is based on The decoding vector mentioned in the text decodes the received signal received by the transmission signal after channel fading and path loss, and can effectively avoid interference of other cellular terminals. Moreover, since the D2D transmitting terminal transmits the transmission signal to the second D2D terminal as a relay in the embodiment of the present invention, it reduces the extra load of the base station of the same cell. And since the relay can help the single antenna user network to form a virtual MIMO system, channel extension is effectively implemented, providing implementation conditions for utilizing the precoding vectors (or matrices) and decoding vectors (or matrices) provided above.

则图6步骤101包括：Then step 101 of FIG. 6 includes:

步骤101a、所述D2D发射终端在所述第一时隙分别向第一D2D终端和第二D2D终端发送所述第一时隙的传输信号；Step 101a: The D2D transmitting terminal sends the transmission signal of the first time slot to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal in the first time slot respectively;

步骤101b、所述D2D发射终端在所述第二时隙向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的传输信号；Step 101b: The D2D transmitting terminal sends a transmission signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot.

S₁＝v₁sS ₁ =v ₁ s

S₂＝v₂sS ₂ =v ₂ s

进一步的，在步骤101之前，还包括：所述D2D发射终端在除所述第一D2D终端之外的多个处于空闲状态的D2D终端中，选择任意一个作为所述第二D2D终端。Further, before step 101, the method further includes: the D2D transmitting terminal is in addition to the Among the plurality of D2D terminals in the idle state other than the first D2D terminal, any one is selected as the second D2D terminal.

进一步的，为了能够确定上文所述的预编码向量v和解码向量u，需要D2D发射端获得信道反馈信息，因此，参照上文表1，在图6的基础上，图7为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图，参照图7，在步骤100之前，还包括：Further, in order to be able to determine the precoding vector v and the decoding vector u described above, the D2D transmitting end is required to obtain channel feedback information. Therefore, referring to Table 1 above, on the basis of FIG. 6, FIG. 7 is an implementation of the present invention. A flow chart of another device-to-device communication method provided by the example. Referring to FIG. 7, before step 100, the method further includes:

步骤102、所述D2D发射终端分别向所述第一D2D终端和所述第二D2D终端发送导频信号；Step 102: The D2D transmitting terminal sends a pilot signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively.

步骤102的目的在于：以使所述第一D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SD，以使所述第二D2D终端根据所述导频信号确定所述h_SR；The purpose of step 102 is to enable the first D2D terminal to determine the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

步骤103、所述D2D发射终端接收所述第一D2D终端发送的反馈信息；Step 103: The D2D transmitting terminal receives feedback information sent by the first D2D terminal.

其中，所述反馈信息包含所述h_SD、所述h_RD和所述h_SRh_RD。The feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _{RD ,} and the h _SR h _RD .

图8为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图，该方法的执行主体是D2D接收端(即第一D2D终端)，D2D接收端可以采用图3或图5所示的结构，参照图8，该方法包括如下步骤：FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The execution body of the method is a D2D receiving end (ie, a first D2D terminal), and the D2D receiving end may adopt the method shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. Structure, referring to Figure 8, the method includes the following steps:

步骤200、第一D2D终端在第一个时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；Step 200: The first D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after the channel fading and path loss of the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal. ;

步骤201、所述第一D2D终端根据解码向量对所述第一接收信号进行解码处理得到第一数据信息；Step 201: The first D2D terminal performs decoding processing on the first received signal according to a decoding vector to obtain first data information.

步骤202、所述第一D2D终端在第二个时隙接收第二接收信号；Step 202: The first D2D terminal receives a second received signal in a second time slot.

具体的，所述第二接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；Specifically, the second received signal is formed by superposing a transmission signal of the second time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and an amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal by channel fading and path loss;

步骤203、所述第一D2D终端根据所述解码向量对所述第二接收信号进行解码处理得到第二数据信息；Step 203: The first D2D terminal feeds the second received signal according to the decoding vector. Row decoding processing to obtain second data information;

步骤204、所述第一D2D终端将所述第一数据信息与所述第二数据信息合并获得数据符号；Step 204: The first D2D terminal combines the first data information and the second data information to obtain a data symbol.

其中，所述解码向量的表达式如下：Wherein, the expression of the decoding vector is as follows:

u＝[u₁ u₂]^T u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

所述u₁的表达式如下：The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

其中，所述

本发明实施例提供的设备到设备通信方法，通过第一D2D终端在第一时隙和第二时隙分别接收第一接收信号和第二接收信号，并根据上述解码向量分别对第一接收信号和第二接收信号进行解码处理，并将解码处理得到的第一数据信息与第二数据信息进行合并，获得所需的数据符号。在这个过程中，由于第二接收信号包含为所述D2D发射终端发送的第二时隙的传输信号与第二D2D终端发送的第二时隙的放大信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后叠加而成的；其中，第二D2D终端作为中继时可以有效避免基站的额外负载，同时由于第二D2D终端作为中继发送第二时隙的放大信号实现了信道扩展，在这样的条件下，第一D2D终端采用上述形式的解码处理进行解码处理后获得所需的数据符号，能够有效避免蜂窝通信的干扰，提高了D2D通信的抗干扰能力。In the device-to-device communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the first D2D terminal receives the first received signal and the second received signal in the first time slot and the second time slot, respectively, and separately pairs the first received signal according to the decoding vector. Decoding processing is performed with the second received signal, and the first data information obtained by the decoding process is combined with the second data information to obtain a desired data symbol. In this process The second received signal is formed by superposing a transmission signal of the second time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and an amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal by channel fading and path loss; When the second D2D terminal acts as a relay, the additional load of the base station can be effectively avoided, and the channel expansion is implemented because the second D2D terminal transmits the amplified signal of the second time slot as a relay. Under such conditions, the first D2D terminal adopts The decoding process of the above form performs the decoding process to obtain the required data symbols, which can effectively avoid the interference of the cellular communication and improve the anti-interference ability of the D2D communication.

进一步的，参照上文表1可知，为了能够确定上文所述的预编码向量v和解码向量u，D2D发射端需要获得信道反馈信息，因此作为D2D接收端的第一D2D终端也需要执行相应的步骤，在图8的基础上，图9为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图，在步骤200之前，还包括：Further, referring to Table 1 above, in order to be able to determine the precoding vector v and the decoding vector u described above, the D2D transmitting end needs to obtain channel feedback information, so the first D2D terminal as the D2D receiving end also needs to perform corresponding In the following, FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Before step 200, the method further includes:

步骤205、所述第一D2D终端接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SD。Step 205: The first D2D terminal receives the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determines h _SD according to the first pilot signal.

其中，所述h_SD为所述D2D发射终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数；The h _SD is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the first D2D terminal;

步骤206、所述第一D2D终端接收所述第二D2D终端发送的第二导频信号，并根据第二导频信号确定所述h_SRh_RD。Step 206: The first D2D terminal receives the second pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determines the h _SR h _RD according to the second pilot signal.

其中，所述第二导频信号为所述第二D2D终端对所述第一导频信号进行放大得到的；The second pilot signal is obtained by the second D2D terminal amplifying the first pilot signal;

步骤207、所述第一D2D终端接收所述第二D2D终端发送的第三导频信号，并根据所述第三导频信号确定h_RD；Step 207: The first D2D terminal receives the third pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determines h _RD according to the third pilot signal.

其中，所述h_RD为所述第二D2D终端与所述第一D2D终端的信道系数；The h _RD is a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal and the first D2D terminal;

步骤208、所述第一D2D终端向所述D2D发射终端发送反馈信息，所述反馈信息包含所述h_SD、所述h_RD和所述h_SRh_RD。Step 208: The first D2D terminal sends feedback information to the D2D transmitting terminal, where the feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _RD, and the h _SR h _RD .

图10为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图，该方法的执行主体是作为中继的D2D终端(即第二D2D终端)，该中继可以采用上文图4或图5所示的结构，参照图10，该方法包括如下步骤：FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The execution body of the method is a D2D terminal (ie, a second D2D terminal) as a relay, and the relay may adopt the foregoing FIG. 4 or The structure shown in FIG. 5, referring to FIG. 10, the method includes the following steps:

步骤300、第二D2D终端在第一时隙接收第一接收信号，所述第一接收信号为所述D2D发射终端发送的第一时隙的传输信号经信道衰落和路径损耗后的接收信号；Step 300: The second D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, where the first connection Receiving a signal that is a received signal of a first time slot transmitted by the D2D transmitting terminal after channel fading and path loss;

步骤301、所述第二D2D终端对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号；Step 301: The second D2D terminal amplifies the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot.

步骤302、所述第二D2D终端在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号。Step 302: The second D2D terminal sends the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot.

本发明实施例提供的设备到设备通信方法，首先将D2D终端作为中继，其避免了当使用基站作为中继时为基站增加的不必要的复杂，其次，作为中继的第二D2D终端在第一时隙接收D2D发射终端发送的第一接收信号；并对所述第一接收信号进行放大得到第二时隙的放大信号；再在第二时隙向第一D2D终端发送所述第二时隙的放大信号。第二D2D终端对接收信号只需要做简单的功率放大处理，因此，在有效地实现了信道扩展从而保证D2D接收端进行有效抗干扰解码的同时，不需要进行额外的信令控制，从而降低了中继处理的复杂度。The device-to-device communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention firstly uses a D2D terminal as a relay, which avoids unnecessary complexity added to the base station when the base station is used as a relay, and secondly, the second D2D terminal as a relay Receiving, by the first time slot, the first received signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; and amplifying the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot; and transmitting the second second to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot The amplified signal of the time slot. The second D2D terminal only needs to perform simple power amplification processing on the received signal. Therefore, the channel extension is effectively implemented to ensure effective anti-interference decoding of the D2D receiving end, and no additional signaling control is required, thereby reducing the The complexity of relay processing.

进一步的，参照表1，为了能够确定上文所述的预编码向量v和解码向量u，D2D发射端需要获得信道反馈信息，相应的作为中继的第二D2D终端也需要执行相应的步骤，在图10的基础上，图11为本发明实施例提供的另一种设备到设备通信方法流程示意图，在步骤300之前，还包括：Further, referring to Table 1, in order to be able to determine the precoding vector v and the decoding vector u described above, the D2D transmitting end needs to obtain channel feedback information, and the corresponding second D2D terminal as a relay also needs to perform corresponding steps. On the basis of FIG. 10, FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of another device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Before step 300, the method further includes:

步骤303、所述第二D2D终端接收所述D2D发射终端发送的第一导频信号，并根据所述第一导频信号确定h_SR；Step 303, the second terminal receives the D2D D2D transmitting a first pilot signal transmitted by conduction terminal, and determines h _SR based on the first pilot signal;

其中，所述h_SR为所述D2D发射终端与所述第二D2D终端的信道系数；The h _SR is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal;

步骤304、所述第二D2D终端对所述第一导频信号进行放大，获得第二导频信号，并向所述第一D2D终端发送所述第二导频信号；Step 304: The second D2D terminal amplifies the first pilot signal, obtains a second pilot signal, and sends the second pilot signal to the first D2D terminal.

步骤305、所述第二D2D终端向所述第一D2D终端发送第三导频信号。Step 305: The second D2D terminal sends a third pilot signal to the first D2D terminal.

下面通过具体的场景对本发明上述实施例提供的方案的效果进行仿真。The effect of the solution provided by the above embodiment of the present invention is simulated by a specific scenario.

本发明考虑蜂窝网中的D2D通信系统，网络包括1个基站，1个蜂窝终端，1个D2D通信对和一个中继。假设所有信道系数均服从独立同分布的零均值、单位方差的复高斯分布，蜂窝终端、D2D终端和中继端均配置单根天线。关键仿真参数如表2所示：The present invention contemplates a D2D communication system in a cellular network comprising a base station, a cellular terminal, a D2D communication pair and a relay. Assume that all channel coefficients are subject to independent and identically distributed zero-mean, unit-variance complex Gaussian distribution, and cellular terminals, D2D terminals, and trunks are configured. Single antenna. The key simulation parameters are shown in Table 2:

表2.仿真参数Table 2. Simulation parameters

图12为不同方案基于完整CSI情况下SINR示意图，参照图12，和频谱正交方案(D2D通信与蜂窝通信占用不同的频谱资源)、最小均方误差(Minimum Mean Square Error，简称：MMSE)接收方案(D2D接收终端采用MMSE接收方式)相比，由于本发明加入了中继作为信道扩展的辅助，因此，为了性能比较的公平，假设中继发射功率P_R与D2D发射终端功率P_S相等，且二者功率之和等于蜂窝终端的发射功率P_C，即

由图12可以看到，本发明实施例提供的方案可显著地提高D2D接收终端的SINR。举例来说，当蜂窝终端发射功率与噪声功率之比为20dB时，与频谱正交方案相比，本发明实施例提供的方案的SINR增益能达到39.07％，与MMSE接收方案相比，本发明实施例提供的方案的SINR增益能达到44.45％。12 is a schematic diagram of SINR based on a complete CSI in different schemes, with reference to FIG. 12, and a spectrum orthogonal scheme (D2D communication and cellular communication occupy different spectrum resources) and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) reception. Compared with the scheme (the D2D receiving terminal adopts the MMSE receiving mode), since the present invention adds the relay as the auxiliary of the channel extension, it is assumed that the relay transmitting power P _{R is} equal to the D2D transmitting terminal power P _S for the fairness of performance comparison. And the sum of the powers of the two is equal to the transmit power P _{C of the} cellular terminal, ie

As can be seen from FIG. 12, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve the SINR of the D2D receiving terminal. For example, when the ratio of the transmit power to the noise power of the cellular terminal is 20 dB, the SINR gain of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reach 39.07% compared with the spectrum orthogonal scheme, and the present invention is compared with the MMSE receiving scheme. The SINR gain of the scheme provided by the embodiment can reach 44.45%.

需要注意的是，由于D2D发射终端的信道增益(Channel State Information，简称：CSI)反馈值存在误差，实际得到的预编码向量v会与上文所求的结果出现差异，因此，为了了解CSI误差对本发明实施例提供的方案的性能影响，下面对其进行分析仿真。It should be noted that, due to the error of the channel state information (CSI) feedback value of the D2D transmitting terminal, the actual precoding vector v will be different from the above-mentioned result. Therefore, in order to understand the CSI error. The performance impact of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is analyzed and simulated below.

这里采用随机误差(stochastic error，简称：SE)模型，其中，信道状态信息误差服从独立的复高斯分布。基于SE模型，D2D发射端实际得到的完全CSI(imperfect CSI)可表示为

其中，h_AB是终端A与终端B间的完全CSI，e_AB是CSI误差变量，这里假设e_AB服从均值为0，方差为

的独立复高斯分布。关于反馈CSI误差变量对SINR性能的具体影响，下面通过仿真给出了详细结果，图13为σ_e对本发明实施例提供的方案的性能影响示意图，图14为本发明实施例提供的方案在不完整CSI情况下与其他方案进行比较的SINR示意图。参照图13，其显示了反馈CSI误差变量的标准差σ_e对本发明实施例提供的方案的性能影响。其中，蜂窝终端发射功率与噪声功率之比为15dB，

由图13可以看到，随着σ_e的增加，本发明实施例提供的方案其SINR性能会出现一定程度的下降，举例来说，当σ_e＝0.5时，算法的性能损失约为8.79％。虽然反馈CSI误差会对本发明实施例提供的方案产生影响，但是与频谱正交方案及MMSE接收方案相比，本发明实施例提供的方案在不完整CSI情况下仍然能获得明显的SINR增益，如图14所示，其显示了不同方案下D2D接收终端的SINR。其中，

σ_e分别取0.1和0.5。由图14可以看到，当蜂窝终端发射功率与噪声功率之比较大时，本发明实施例提供的方案在σ_e存在的情况下，较之频谱正交方案及MMSE接收方案，仍然能获得明显的SINR性能增益。即当本发明实施例提供的方案在不完整CSI情况下与其他方案在完整CSI情况下的SINR进行比较，仍然有明显的SINR性能增益。举例来说，当蜂窝终端发射功率与噪声功率之比为20dB时，与频谱正交方案相比，本发明实施例提供的方案获得的SINR增益为37.97％(σ_e＝0.1)、26.88％(σ_e＝0.5)，与MMSE接收方案相比，本发明实施例提供的方案获得的SINR增益为43.34％(σ_e＝0.1)、31.82％(σ_e＝0.5)。Here, a stochastic error (SE) model is adopted, in which the channel state information error obeys an independent complex Gaussian distribution. Based on the SE model, the actual CSI (imperfect CSI) actually obtained by the D2D transmitter can be expressed as

Where h _AB is the complete CSI between terminal A and terminal B, and e _AB is the CSI error variable. Here, it is assumed that e _AB obeys the mean value of 0 and the variance is

Independent complex Gaussian distribution. Effects of CSI error feedback about specific variables SINR performance, the following simulation results are given in detail, FIG 13 is a performance impact programs σ _e of the present invention provides a schematic embodiment, FIG. 14 embodiment of the present invention is not provided in solution Schematic diagram of SINR compared to other schemes in the case of complete CSI. Referring to Figure 13, there is shown the performance impact of the standard deviation σ _e of the feedback CSI error variable on the scheme provided by embodiments of the present invention. Wherein, the ratio of the transmit power of the cellular terminal to the noise power is 15 dB.

It can be seen from FIG. 13 that as the σ _e increases, the SINR performance of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention may decrease to some extent. For example, when σ _e = 0.5, the performance loss of the algorithm is about 8.79%. . Although the feedback CSI error may affect the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, compared with the spectrum orthogonal solution and the MMSE receiving solution, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can still obtain a significant SINR gain in the case of incomplete CSI, such as Figure 14 shows the SINR of the D2D receiving terminal under different schemes. among them,

σ _{e is} taken as 0.1 and 0.5, respectively. It can be seen from FIG. 14 that when the comparison between the transmit power and the noise power of the cellular terminal is large, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can still be obtained in the presence of σ _e compared with the spectrum orthogonal scheme and the MMSE receiving scheme. SINR performance gain. That is, when the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention compares the SINR with other schemes in the case of complete CSI in the case of incomplete CSI, there is still a significant SINR performance gain. For example, when the ratio of the transmit power to the noise power of the cellular terminal is 20 dB, the SINR gain obtained by the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is 37.97% (σ _e = 0.1) and 26.88% compared with the spectrum orthogonal scheme. σ _e =0.5), compared with the MMSE receiving scheme, the SINR gain obtained by the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention is 43.34% (σ _e = 0.1) and 31.82% (σ _e = 0.5).

进一步的，图15为不同方案下D2D通信的误比特率示意图，参照图 15，其显示了不同方案下D2D通信的误比特率(Bit Error Rate,简称：BER)。其中，各终端发射功率和σ_e的参数设置均与图14相同。由图15可以看到，当蜂窝终端发射功率与噪声功率之比较大时，本发明实施例提供的方案较之频谱正交方案及MMSE接收方案，BER产生了明显下降。而随着σ_e的增加，BER性能会受到一定程度的影响，举例来说，当蜂窝终端发射功率与噪声功率之比为20dB时，本发明实施例提供的方案的性能损失约为6.73％(σ_e＝0.3)、15.91％(σ_e＝0.5)。虽然σ_e会对BER性能产生影响，但是与频谱正交方案及MMSE接收方案相比，本发明实施例提供的方案获得的BER性能增益仍然明显，即使在σ_e＝0.5的情况下，本发明实施例提供的方案获得的BER增益依然达到30.11％(与频谱正交方案相比)、33.47％(与MMSE接收方案相比)。Further, FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the bit error rate of D2D communication under different schemes. Referring to FIG. 15, the Bit Error Rate (BER) of D2D communication under different schemes is shown. The parameter settings of the transmission power of each terminal and σ _e are the same as those in FIG. 14 . It can be seen from FIG. 15 that when the comparison between the transmit power and the noise power of the cellular terminal is large, the BER provided by the embodiment of the present invention is significantly lower than that of the spectrum orthogonal scheme and the MMSE receiving scheme. As the σ _e increases, the BER performance is affected to some extent. For example, when the ratio of the transmit power to the noise power of the cellular terminal is 20 dB, the performance loss of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is about 6.73% ( σ _e =0.3), 15.91% (σ _e =0.5). Although σ _{e has an} impact on BER performance, compared with the spectrum orthogonal scheme and the MMSE receiving scheme, the BER performance gain obtained by the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention is still significant, even in the case of σ _e = 0.5, the present invention The BER gain obtained by the scheme provided by the embodiment still reaches 30.11% (compared to the spectrum orthogonal scheme) and 33.47% (compared with the MMSE receiving scheme).

本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments may be completed by using hardware related to the program instructions. The foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program is executed when executed. The foregoing steps include the steps of the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。 Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims

A D2D transmitting terminal, comprising:

a processing module, configured to perform pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal;

a transceiver module, configured to send the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively;

The first D2D terminal is a receiving end of the transmission signal, and the second D2D terminal is a relay;

The expression of the precoding vector is as follows:

v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

The v is a precoding vector, the v ₁ is a precoding vector element used by the D2D transmitting terminal in a first time slot, and the v ₂ is a precoding vector used by the D2D transmitting terminal in a second time slot. An element, the T representing a transpose of the vector;

The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

Wherein a ₁ =(d _SD ) ^-α h _SD , the b ₁ =β(d _SR d _RD ) ^-α h _SR h _RD ,

The D2D transmitting terminal according to claim 1, wherein the transmission signal comprises: a transmission signal of a first time slot and a transmission signal of a second time slot;

The transceiver module is configured to send, in the first time slot, a transmission signal of the first time slot to a first D2D terminal and a second D2D terminal, respectively, to the first D2D in the second time slot. Transmitting, by the terminal, a transmission signal of the second time slot;

The expression of the transmission signal of the first time slot is:

S ₁ =v ₁ s

The S ₁ is a transmission signal of the first time slot, and the s is the data symbol;

The transmission signal expression of the second time slot is:

S ₂ =v ₂ s

The S ₂ is a transmission signal of the second time slot.

The D2D transmitting terminal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the v satisfies the following equation:

Wherein the e _max represents a feature vector corresponding to a maximum eigenvalue of the matrix,

The H represents the conjugate transpose, and u is a decoding vector.

The D2D transmitting terminal according to claim 3, wherein the expression of u is as follows:

The D2D transmitting terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the processing module is further configured to: before the transmitting and receiving module sends the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal respectively And selecting, in the plurality of D2D terminals in an idle state other than the first D2D terminal, any one as the second D2D terminal.

The D2D transmitting terminal according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the transceiver module is further configured to:

Performing pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processing module, and before transmitting the transmission signals, respectively transmitting pilot signals to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, so that the first Determining, by the D2D terminal, the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

Receiving feedback information sent by the first D2D terminal, where the feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _RD, and the h _SR h _RD .

A D2D receiving terminal, comprising:

a transceiver module, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Receiving, by the second time slot, a second received signal, where the second received signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and the amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal are channel fading and Superposed after path loss;

a processing module, configured to perform decoding processing on the first received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain first data information, and perform decoding processing on the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information; Combining the data information with the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

The second D2D terminal is a relay, and the amplified signal of the second time slot is a second. The D2D terminal amplifies the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; the expression of the decoding vector is as follows:

u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

The u is a decoding vector, and the u ₁ is a decoding vector element of the first time slot, and is used for performing decoding processing on the first received signal to obtain the first data information; the u ₂ is a second time slot. Decoding vector element, configured to perform decoding processing on the second received signal to obtain the second data information, where T represents transposition of a vector;

The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

Wherein said

The D2D receiving terminal according to claim 7, wherein said u satisfies the following equation:

Said H represents said conjugate transpose.

The D2D receiving terminal according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the transceiver module is further configured to: receive the first guide sent by the D2D transmitting terminal before receiving the first receiving signal in the first time slot Frequency signal, and determining h _SD according to the first pilot signal, where h _SD is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the D2D receiving terminal;

Receiving, by the second D2D terminal, the second pilot signal, and determining the h _SR h _RD according to the second pilot signal, where the second pilot signal is the second D2D terminal pair a pilot signal is amplified;

Receiving a third pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determining h _RD according to the third pilot signal, where h _RD is a channel coefficient of the second D2D terminal and the D2D receiving terminal;

Sending feedback information to the D2D transmitting terminal, the feedback information including the h _SD , the h _{RD ,} and the h _SR h _RD .

A relay, wherein the relay is a D2D terminal, including:

a transceiver module, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Transmitting, by the second time slot, the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal;

And an amplification module, configured to amplify the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot.

The relay according to claim 10, wherein the transceiver module is further configured to: before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot, receive the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and Determining h _SR according to the first pilot signal, where h _SR is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal;

Transmitting the second pilot signal to the first D2D terminal;

Transmitting, by the second D2D terminal, a third pilot signal to the first D2D terminal;

The amplifying module is further configured to perform amplification on the first pilot signal to obtain a second pilot signal.

A D2D transmitting terminal, comprising:

a processor, configured to pre-code the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal;

a transceiver, configured to send the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively;

The expression of the precoding vector is as follows:

v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

The D2D transmitting terminal according to claim 12, wherein the transmission signal comprises: a transmission signal of a first time slot and a transmission signal of a second time slot;

The transceiver is specifically configured to send, in the first time slot, a transmission signal of the first time slot to a first D2D terminal and a second D2D terminal, respectively, to the first D2D in the second time slot. Transmitting, by the terminal, a transmission signal of the second time slot;

The expression of the transmission signal of the first time slot is:

S ₁ =v ₁ s

The transmission signal expression of the second time slot is:

S ₂ =v ₂ s

The S ₂ is a transmission signal of the second time slot.

The D2D transmitting terminal according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the v satisfies the following equation:

The H represents the conjugate transpose, and u is a decoding vector.

The D2D transmitting terminal according to claim 14, wherein said u The expression is as follows:

The D2D transmitting terminal according to any one of claims 12-15, wherein the processor is further configured to: before the transceiver sends the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal respectively And selecting, in the plurality of D2D terminals in an idle state other than the first D2D terminal, any one as the second D2D terminal.

The D2D transmitting terminal according to any one of claims 12-16, wherein the transceiver is further configured to:

Performing pre-coding processing on the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector by the processor, and before transmitting the transmission signals, respectively transmitting pilot signals to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, so that the first Determining, by the D2D terminal, the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

A D2D receiving terminal, comprising:

a transceiver, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Receiving, by the second time slot, a second received signal, where the second received signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and the amplified signal of the second time slot sent by the second D2D terminal are channel fading and Superposed after path loss;

a processor, configured to perform decoding processing on the first received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain first data information, and perform decoding processing on the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information; Combining the data information with the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

The second D2D terminal is a relay, and the amplified signal of the second time slot is obtained by the second D2D terminal amplifying the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; the decoding vector The expression is as follows:

u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

Wherein said

The D2D receiving terminal according to claim 18, wherein said u satisfies the following equation:

Said H represents said conjugate transpose.

The D2D receiving terminal according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the transceiver is further configured to: receive the first guide sent by the D2D transmitting terminal before receiving the first receiving signal in the first time slot Frequency signal, and determining h _SD according to the first pilot signal, where h _SD is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the D2D receiving terminal;

A relay, wherein the relay device is a D2D terminal, and includes:

a transceiver, configured to receive a first received signal in a first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after channel fading and path loss of a transmission signal of a first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal; Transmitting, by the second time slot, the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal;

And a processor, configured to amplify the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot.

The relay device according to claim 21, wherein the transceiver is further configured to: before receiving the first received signal in the first time slot, receive the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, And determining h _SR according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SR is a channel coefficient of the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal;

Transmitting the second pilot signal to the first D2D terminal;

The processor is further configured to perform amplification on the first pilot signal to obtain a second pilot signal.

A device-to-device communication system, comprising: at least one D2D transmitting terminal according to any one of claims 1-6, at least one D2D receiving terminal according to any one of claims 7-9 and claims Relay as described in 10 or 11.

A device-to-device communication method, comprising:

The D2D transmitting terminal pre-codes the data symbols to be sent according to the precoding vector to obtain a transmission signal;

Transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively;

The expression of the precoding vector is as follows:

v=[v ₁ v ₂ ] ^T

The expression of v ₁ is as follows:

The expression of v ₂ is as follows:

The method according to claim 24, wherein the transmission signal comprises: a transmission signal of a first time slot and a transmission signal of a second time slot;

The D2D transmitting terminal sends the transmission signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively, including:

Transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, the transmission signal of the first time slot to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal in the first time slot;

Transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, the transmission signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot;

The expression of the transmission signal of the first time slot is:

S ₁ =v ₁ s

The transmission signal expression of the second time slot is:

S ₂ =v ₂ s

The S ₂ is a transmission signal of the second time slot.

The method according to claim 24 or 25, wherein said v satisfies the following equation:

The H represents the conjugate transpose, and u is a decoding vector.

The method of claim 26 wherein the expression of u is as follows:

The method according to any one of claims 24 to 27, further comprising: before the transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, the transmission signal,

The D2D transmitting terminal selects any one of the plurality of D2D terminals in an idle state other than the first D2D terminal as the second D2D terminal.

The method according to any one of claims 24 to 28, wherein before the D2D transmitting terminal pre-programs the data symbols to be sent according to the pre-coding vector, and before obtaining the transmission signal, the method further includes:

Transmitting, by the D2D transmitting terminal, a pilot signal to the first D2D terminal and the second D2D terminal, respectively, to enable the first D2D terminal to determine the h _SD according to the pilot signal, so that the first The second D2D terminal determines the h _SR according to the pilot signal;

The D2D transmitting terminal receives feedback information sent by the first D2D terminal, and the feedback information includes the h _SD , the h _RD, and the h _SR h _RD .

A device-to-device communication method, comprising:

The first D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, the first received signal a received signal of the transmission signal of the first time slot transmitted by the D2D transmitting terminal after channel fading and path loss;

Decoding, by the first D2D terminal, the first received signal according to a decoding vector to obtain first data information;

The first D2D terminal receives a second received signal in a second time slot, where the second received signal is a transmission signal of a second time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal and a second time slot sent by a second D2D terminal The amplified signal is superposed by channel fading and path loss;

The second D2D terminal is a relay, and the amplified signal of the second time slot is obtained by the second D2D terminal amplifying the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal;

Decoding, by the first D2D terminal, the second received signal according to the decoding vector to obtain second data information;

The first D2D terminal combines the first data information with the second data information to obtain a data symbol;

Wherein, the expression of the decoding vector is as follows:

u=[u ₁ u ₂ ] ^T

The expression of u ₁ is as follows:

Wherein said

The method of claim 30 wherein said u satisfies the following equation:

Said H represents said conjugate transpose.

The method according to claim 30 or 31, further comprising: before the first D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, further comprising:

Receiving, by the first D2D terminal, the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SD according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SD is the D2D transmitting terminal and the first D2D terminal Channel coefficient;

Receiving, by the first D2D terminal, the second pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determining the h _SR h _RD according to the second pilot signal, where the second pilot signal is the second Enlarging the first pilot signal by the D2D terminal;

Receiving, by the first D2D terminal, a third pilot signal sent by the second D2D terminal, and determining h _RD according to the third pilot signal, where the h _RD is the second D2D terminal and the first Channel coefficient of the D2D terminal;

The first D2D terminal sends feedback information to the D2D transmitting terminal, the feedback information including the h _SD , the h _RD and the h _SR h _RD .

A device-to-device communication method, comprising:

The second D2D terminal receives the first received signal in the first time slot, where the first received signal is a received signal after the channel fading and path loss of the transmission signal of the first time slot sent by the D2D transmitting terminal;

The second D2D terminal amplifies the first received signal to obtain an amplified signal of the second time slot;

The second D2D terminal transmits the amplified signal of the second time slot to the first D2D terminal in the second time slot.

The method according to claim 33, further comprising: before the receiving, by the second D2D terminal, the first received signal in the first time slot,

Receiving, by the second D2D terminal, the first pilot signal sent by the D2D transmitting terminal, and determining h _SR according to the first pilot signal, where the h _SR is the D2D transmitting terminal and the second D2D terminal Channel coefficient;

The second D2D terminal amplifies the first pilot signal, obtains a second pilot signal, and sends the second pilot signal to the first D2D terminal;

The second D2D terminal sends a third pilot signal to the first D2D terminal.