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WO2016041396A1 - 离心分离装置 - Google Patents

离心分离装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016041396A1
WO2016041396A1 PCT/CN2015/082144 CN2015082144W WO2016041396A1 WO 2016041396 A1 WO2016041396 A1 WO 2016041396A1 CN 2015082144 W CN2015082144 W CN 2015082144W WO 2016041396 A1 WO2016041396 A1 WO 2016041396A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
baffle
drum
central axis
centrifugal separation
separation apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/082144
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何向明
罗晶
王莉
张建利
刘少军
李建军
尚玉明
任玉梅
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tsinghua University
Jiangsu Huadong Institute of Li-ion Battery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tsinghua University
Jiangsu Huadong Institute of Li-ion Battery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tsinghua University, Jiangsu Huadong Institute of Li-ion Battery Co Ltd filed Critical Tsinghua University
Publication of WO2016041396A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016041396A1/zh
Priority to US15/456,167 priority Critical patent/US20170182501A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/06—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of cylindrical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B04B7/12—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal separation device, in particular to a centrifugal separation device for separating a nano-scale solid particle suspension.
  • n is the rotational speed of the material.
  • the longer the residence time of the material in the drum 100 the better the separation effect of the material.
  • the longer the length of the drum 100 the longer the residence time of the material in the drum 100, but due to the drum material. Due to the limitations and cost considerations, the length of the drum 100 cannot be increased indefinitely. Therefore, the separation effect of the suspension composed of the high viscosity solution and the nano-sized solid particles is poor when the existing tube centrifuge is used.
  • centrifugal separation device which can be used for separation of a suspension composed of a high viscosity solution and nanometer solid particles, which has a high separation factor, a long residence time, and a high separation efficiency.
  • a centrifugal separation device includes a rotating drum, and a rotating inlet and a liquid discharging opening are respectively disposed at two ends of the rotating drum in a direction in which the central axis extends, and a fixed rod is disposed on a central axis of the rotating drum a baffle is fixed, and a vertical distance from an edge of the baffle to the central axis is greater than a radius of the liquid discharge port, and the drum is a cylinder, and when the drum rotates at a high speed, The separated material spirals up along the central axis of the drum, and when the baffle is encountered, the separated material flows along the baffle to the edge of the baffle, when flowing to the fold After the edge of the flow disk, the spiral continues to rise.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the drum of the centrifugal separation device of the present invention.
  • the drum 200 is a cylinder.
  • the cylinder has a cavity, and the liquid inlet 210 and the liquid discharge port 220 are respectively disposed at two sides of the cavity and connected to the cavity.
  • the rotating drum 200 is rotated at a high speed, and the separated material directly enters the rotating drum 200 from the liquid inlet 210, and is rotated at a high speed by the rotating drum 200.
  • the structure and shape of the baffle plate 240 are not limited, as long as the vertical distance from the edge of the baffle 240 to the central axis is greater than the radius of the liquid discharge port 220.
  • the number of the baffles 240 may be plural, and the plurality of baffles 240 are spaced apart.
  • the plurality of baffles 240 are planar structures, and the baffles 240 of the planar structure occupy a small volume, so that more baffles 240 can be disposed in the drum 200. Greater bucking effect.
  • the planar structure baffle plate 240 is disposed perpendicular to the fixed rod 240 to achieve a better dynamic balance of the drum 200 as it rotates.
  • the center of gravity of the baffle disk 240 is located on the central axis such that the baffle disk 240 can be better secured to the fixed rod 230.
  • the plurality of baffles 240 are circular in shape and the center of gravity of the baffle 240 is disposed on the central axis, and not only radial flow occurs when the separated material flows in the drum 200. A tangential flow may also occur, and the portion of the baffle disk 240 having a small effective radius will concentrate the separated material, thereby reducing the baffling effect of the baffle plate 240.
  • the circular baffle 240 can ensure that the vertical distance from any point on the edge of the baffle 240 to the central axis is equal, that is, the effective radius of any point on the edge of the baffle 240 can be ensured. They are all equal, so that the baffle disk 240 can obtain the maximum baffle effect.
  • the vertical distance from any point on the edge of the baffle 240 to the central axis is 1/2 to 4/5 of the radius of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the baffle 240 in the range can To the maximum baffle effect, it is again avoided that in actual use, the drum 200 vibrates during acceleration or deceleration and encounters the baffle 240 during the vibration.
  • the present invention can also set the size of the baffle 240, the number of the baffles 240, and the spacing between the plurality of baffles 240 to change the effectiveness of the separated material in the drum 200. Separation radii and residence time to achieve different baffling effects to accommodate separated materials containing particles and solutions of different particle sizes.
  • the spacing between adjacent two baffles 240 is 1/2 to 2 times the radius of the inner wall of the cylinder such that the baffle 240 has an optimum baffle effect on the separated material.
  • the fixing rod 230 is used to fix the baffle plate 240.
  • the fixing rod is a solid structure to have a better fixing effect on the baffle plate 240.
  • the fixing rod 230 can rotate with the rotating drum 200 or can not rotate with the rotating drum 200, and the baffle plate 240 can be made to function as a baffle. When the fixing rod 230 does not rotate with the drum 200, the fixing rod 230 can be fixed to the centrifugal separating device 20.
  • the rotation speed of the rotating drum 200 may be above 10000 r/min, so that the centrifugal separation device 20 can perform solid-liquid separation on a suspension composed of a high viscosity solution and nano-sized solid particles.
  • the centrifugal separation device 20 is a tubular centrifuge.
  • the tube centrifuge further includes an inlet bearing housing 300 and a liquid inlet device 400, the drum 200 having one end of the inlet port 210 mounted in the inlet bearing housing 300, the inlet device 400 and the The inlet housing 300 is connected to and communicates with the inlet 210.
  • the liquid inlet device 400 can serve as a base component for fixing the fixing rod 230.
  • the fixing rod 230 can be fixed to the liquid inlet device 400.
  • a fixing rod is arranged on the central axis of the drum of the tubular centrifuge, and the fixing rod is fixed on the liquid feeding device of the tubular centrifugal separator.
  • the fixing rod is provided with five circular baffles in parallel at equal intervals. a disk, the circular baffle is disposed perpendicular to a central axis of the drum, and a center of the circular baffle is located on the central axis.
  • the spacing between each of the two circular baffles is the same as the radius of the inner wall of the drum, and the radius of the circular baffle is 3/4 of the radius of the inner wall of the drum.
  • the centrifugal factor of the centrifugal separator of the present invention can reach 21,000 under the same treatment amount as compared with a tubular centrifuge without a baffle. And the average residence time has increased by more than 2 times.
  • the invention prolongs the flow path of the separated material by providing a baffle in the drum of the centrifugal separation device, greatly improves the effective separation factor and residence time of the separated material, and can realize the nano-scale material in the high viscosity solution. Separation work.
  • the size, the number of the baffles, and the spacing between the plurality of baffles can be set to change the effective separation radius and residence time of the separated material in the drum to accommodate different particles. The separated material of the diameter particles and the solution.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

一种离心分离装置（20），包括一转鼓（100，200），该转鼓（100，200）沿其中轴线延伸方向的两端分别设置有一进液口（110，210）及一排液口（120，220），该转鼓（100，200）的中轴线上设置有一固定杆（230），该固定杆（230）上固定有折流盘（240），所述折流盘（240）的边缘任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离均大于该排液口（120，220）的半径，所述转鼓（100，200）为一筒体，在该转鼓（100，200）进行高速旋转时，被分离的物料沿着所述转鼓（100，200）的中轴线螺旋上升，当遇到所述折流盘（240）时，该被分离的物料沿着折流盘（240）向该折流盘的边缘流动，当流动到该折流盘（240）的边缘处后，继续螺旋上升。通过在离心分离装置（20）的转鼓（100，200）内设置折流盘（240），延长了被分离物料的流动路径（30），大大提高了被分离物料的有效分离因数和停留时间，可以用于含高粘度溶液及纳米级固体颗粒（40）组成的悬浮液的分离。

Description

离心分离装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种离心分离装置，尤其涉及一种分离含纳米级固体颗粒悬浮液的离心分离装置。
背景技术
现有技术中对于各种难分离的悬浮液，特别是由高粘度溶液和小粒径固体颗粒组成的悬浮液，一般采用转速较高的管式分离机进行分离。图1为现有管式分离机转鼓100的结构，该转鼓100沿其中轴线延伸方向的两端分别设置有一进液口110及一排液口120，在该转鼓100高速旋转时，被分离物料从进液口110进入该转鼓100后在该转鼓100的带动下进行高速旋转，并沿着该转鼓100中轴线的轴向按照流动路径30螺旋上升，在该被分离物料上升的过程中，该被分离物料中比重大的固体颗粒40逐渐沉积在该转鼓100内壁形成沉渣层50，比重小的液体流动到该转鼓100上部的排液口120排出。
悬浮液中固体颗粒越细则分离越困难，物料分离最直接的影响因素是分离因数和停留时间。分离因数越大，离心分离的推动力就越大，管式分离机的分离性能也越好。管式分离机的分离因数F=1.12×10-3RN2，其中R为转鼓100的内壁半径，N为转鼓100的转速，但是由于受到空气阻力及物料本身的惯性力作用，被分离物料一般在远离转鼓200内壁壁面一定距离的位置进行转动，从而导致被分离物料的有效分离因数f远小于管式分离机的分离因数F，f=1.12×10-3rn2，r为被分离物料的有效半径，即物料在转鼓100内的位置到该转鼓100的中轴线的垂直距离，n为物料的转速。另外，物料在转鼓100内的停留时间越长，物料分离的效果也越好，一般转鼓100的长度越长，物料在转鼓100内的停留时间也越长，但由于受到转鼓材料的限制和出于成本的考量，转鼓100的长度不可能无限制的增加。因此，使用现有的管式离心机分离由高粘度溶液和纳米级固体颗粒组成的悬浮液时其分离效果较差。
发明内容
有鉴于此，确有必要提供一种分离因数高、停留时间长、分离效率高的可用于由高粘度溶液和纳米级固体颗粒组成的悬浮液分离的离心分离装置。
一种离心分离装置，包括一转鼓，该转鼓沿其中轴线延伸方向的两端分别设置有一进液口及一排液口，该转鼓的中轴线上设置有一固定杆，该固定杆上固定有折流盘，所述折流盘的边缘任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离均大于该排液口的半径，所述转鼓为一筒体，在该转鼓进行高速旋转时，被分离的物料沿着所述转鼓的中轴线螺旋上升，当遇到所述折流盘时，该被分离的物料沿着折流盘向该折流盘的边缘流动，当流动到该折流盘的边缘处后，继续螺旋上升。
本发明通过在离心分离装置的转鼓内设置折流盘，延长了被分离物料的流动路径，大大提高了被分离物料的有效分离因数和停留时间，可以用于含高粘度溶液及纳米级固体颗粒组成的悬浮液的分离。
 附图说明
图1为现有离心分离装置转鼓的示意图。
图2为本发明离心分离装置整体结构的示意图。
图3为本发明离心分离装置转鼓整体结构的剖面示意图。
图4为本发明离心分离装置转鼓中设置的固定杆及折流盘的立体图。
主要元件符号说明
离心分离装置 20
转鼓 100，200
进液口 110，210
排液口 120，220
固定杆 230
折流盘 240
轴承装置 300
进液装置 400
被分离物料流动路径 30
固体颗粒 40
固体沉降层 50
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
请参阅图2，本发明提供一种离心分离装置20，包括一转鼓200，该转鼓200沿其中轴线延伸方向的两端分别设置有一进液口210及一排液口220，该转鼓200的中轴线上设置有一固定杆230，该固定杆230上固定有折流盘240，该折流盘240的边缘任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离均大于该排液口220的半径。
所述转鼓200为一筒体。所述筒体具有一空腔，所述进液口210和所述排液口220分别设置在该空腔的两侧并与该空腔相连。在进行物料分离时，所述转鼓200进行高速旋转，被分离物料从所述进液口210直接进入所述转鼓200，并在所述转鼓200的带动下进行高速旋转。
所述排液口220的半径是根据所述转鼓200的有效停留体积计算得出的有效半径，即相当于被分离物料在转鼓200中原有的有效半径。当该被分离物料开始进行高速旋转时，在离心力的作用下沿着该转鼓200中轴线的轴向螺旋上升，由于该折流盘240的边缘任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离均大于该排液口220的半径，该被分离物料在螺旋上升过程中会遇到所述折流盘240，并沿着折流盘240向该折流盘240的边缘流动，当流动到该折流盘240的边缘处后，继续螺旋上升，如此往复循环。当该被分离物料在沿所述转鼓200的中轴线和该折流盘240折流流动时，该被分离物料在所述转鼓200中的流动路径延长，增大了所述被分离物料在所述转鼓200中的停留时间和平均有效半径，从而使该被分离物料在所述转鼓200中的有效分离因数和分离效率得到很大的提升。
所述折流盘240的结构和形状不限，只要满足所述折流盘240的边缘任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离均大于该排液口220的半径即可。该折流盘240的数量可为多个，且该多个折流盘240间隔设置。优选地，该多个折流盘240均为平面结构，该平面结构的折流盘240所占的体积较小，从而可以在所述转鼓200中设置更多的折流盘240，起到更大的折流效果。更为优选地，该平面结构的折流盘240垂直于所述固定杆240设置，以使所述转鼓200在转动时取得更好地动态平衡。优选地，所述折流盘240的重心位于所述中轴线上，从而可以使所述折流盘240更好地固定在所述固定杆230上。更为优选地，该多个折流盘240的形状为圆形且该折流盘240的重心设置在所述中轴线上，由于被分离物料在转鼓200中流动时不仅会出现径向流，还会出现切向流，所述折流盘240有效半径小的地方会使所述被分离物料集中通过，从而降低了所述折流盘240的折流效果。圆形的所述折流盘240可以保证所述折流盘240的边缘上任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离均相等，即可以保证所述折流盘240的边缘上任意一点的有效半径均相等，从而可使所述折流盘240获得最大的折流效果。
所述折流盘240的边缘上任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离越大，所述被分离物料在所述转鼓200中的流动路径越长，所述转鼓200的分离效果越好。优选地，所述折流盘240边缘上任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离为所述筒体内壁半径的1/2至4/5，该范围内的所述折流盘240既能起到最大的折流效果，又可以避免在实际应用中，所述转鼓200在加速或减速时发生振动而在振动的过程中碰到所述折流盘240。
本发明还可对该折流盘240的尺寸、该折流盘240的数量及该多个折流盘240之间的间距进行设置，来改变所述被分离物料在该转鼓200内的有效分离半径和停留时间，从而达到不同的折流效果来适应含有不同粒径颗粒和溶液的被分离物料。优选地，相邻两个折流盘240之间的间距为该筒体内壁半径的1/2至2倍，以使该折流盘240对该被分离的物料具有最佳的折流效果。
所述固定杆230用于固定所述折流盘240。优选地，该固定杆为一实心结构，以便对所述折流盘240具有更好的固定作用。该固定杆230可随该转鼓200进行转动，也可不随该转鼓200进行转动，均可使所述折流盘240起到折流的作用。当该固定杆230不随该转鼓200进行转动时，该固定杆230可固定在所述离心分离装置20上。
所述转鼓200的转速可在10000r/min以上，以使该离心分离装置20可对由高粘度溶液和纳米级固体颗粒组成的悬浮液进行固液分离。在本实施例中，所述离心分离装置20为管式离心机。该管式离心机进一步包括一进液轴承座300和一进液装置400，所述转鼓200具有该进液口210的一端安装在该进液轴承座300中，该进液装置400与该进液轴承座300相连并与所述进液口210连通。该进液装置400可作为该固定杆230固定的基础部件。该固定杆230可固定在该进液装置400上。
实施例1
在一管式离心分离机转鼓的中轴线上设置一固定杆，该固定杆固定在该管式离心分离机的进液装置上，该固定杆上平行等间隔设置有5个圆形折流盘，该圆形折流盘垂直于所述转鼓的中轴线设置，且该圆形折流盘的圆心位于所述中轴线上。每两个圆形折流盘之间的间距与该转鼓的内壁半径相同，该圆形折流盘的半径均为该转鼓内壁半径的3/4。在管式离心分离机转鼓转速为16000转/分时，在相同处理量的条件下，与未设置有折流盘的管式离心机相比，本发明离心分离装置的离心因数可达21000，且平均停留时间提高了2倍以上。
本发明通过在离心分离装置的转鼓内设置折流盘，延长了被分离物料的流动路径，大大提高了被分离物料的有效分离因数和停留时间，可以实现对纳米级材料在高粘度溶液中的分离工作。此外，还可对折流盘的尺寸、数量及该多个折流盘之间的间距进行设置，来改变所述被分离物料在该转鼓内的有效分离半径和停留时间，来适应含有不同粒径颗粒和溶液的被分离物料。
另外，本领域技术人员还可以在本发明精神内做其它变化，当然，这些依据本发明精神所做的变化，都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种离心分离装置，包括一转鼓，该转鼓沿其中轴线延伸方向的两端分别设置有一进液口及一排液口，该转鼓的中轴线上设置有一固定杆，该固定杆上固定有折流盘，所述折流盘的边缘任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离均大于该排液口的半径，所述转鼓为一筒体，在该转鼓进行高速旋转时，被分离的物料沿着所述转鼓的中轴线螺旋上升，当遇到所述折流盘时，该被分离的物料沿着所述折流盘向该折流盘的边缘流动，当流动到该折流盘的边缘处后，继续螺旋上升。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述筒体具有一空腔，所述进液口和所述排液口分别设置在该空腔的两侧并与该空腔相连。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述折流盘的数量为多个，该多个折流盘间隔设置。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述折流盘为平面结构的折流盘。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述平面结构的折流盘垂直于所述转鼓的中轴线设置。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述折流盘为圆形，且该折流盘的圆心位于所述中轴线上。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述折流盘的边缘任意一点到所述中轴线的垂直距离为所述筒体内壁半径的1/2至4/5。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述固定杆为实心结构。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述离心分离装置进一步包括一进液装置和一进液轴承座，所述转鼓具有该进液口的一端安装在该进液轴承座中，该进液装置与该进液轴承座相连并与所述进液口连通，所述固定杆固定在该进液装置上。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的离心分离装置，其特征在于，所述离心分离装置的转速大于10000r/min。
PCT/CN2015/082144 2014-09-15 2015-06-24 离心分离装置 Ceased WO2016041396A1 (zh)

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CN108465266A (zh) * 2018-06-12 2018-08-31 倪菁菁 一种制药用波式离心萃取器

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