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WO2015136795A1 - Procédé de soudage et procédé de fabrication de produit soudé - Google Patents

Procédé de soudage et procédé de fabrication de produit soudé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015136795A1
WO2015136795A1 PCT/JP2014/082278 JP2014082278W WO2015136795A1 WO 2015136795 A1 WO2015136795 A1 WO 2015136795A1 JP 2014082278 W JP2014082278 W JP 2014082278W WO 2015136795 A1 WO2015136795 A1 WO 2015136795A1
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Prior art keywords
welding
flux
gas
base material
plasma gas
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PCT/JP2014/082278
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
励一 鈴木
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/162—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas making use of a stationary fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
    • B23K9/186—Submerged-arc welding making use of a consumable electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a welding method and a method for manufacturing a welded article.
  • a flux composed of powdered metal, artificial oxide or mineral is sprayed on the surface of the groove provided in the base material and deposited on the groove of the base material.
  • a submerged arc welding method is known in which an electric current is supplied to an electrode wire that is fed in the flux to generate an arc from the electrode wire, whereby the electrode wire and the steel plate are melt-mixed and integrated ( Patent Document 1).
  • An object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of oxygen in the obtained weld metal while ensuring wind resistance in welding.
  • the welding method of the present invention includes a step of spraying a flux on a base material to be welded, a step of supplying a plasma gas containing an inert gas inside the flux deposited on the base material by spraying, A step of welding by generating an arc between the welding wire inserted into the flux and the base material inside the flux deposited on the base material and supplied with the plasma gas.
  • the plasma gas is supplied into the flux through a nozzle inserted in the flux.
  • the welding wire is moved along a predetermined welding direction, and in the supplying step, an entrance angle of the nozzle with respect to the welding direction is set to 0 ° or more and 90 ° or less. Can be characterized.
  • the welding wire is moved along a predetermined welding direction, and in the supplying step, the flux is placed inside the flux upstream of the welding wire in the welding direction.
  • a plasma gas may be supplied.
  • the present invention is a method of manufacturing a welded product obtained by welding a base material, the step of spraying flux on the base material, and the flux deposited on the base material by spraying. Supplying a plasma gas containing an inert gas into the inside of the flux, and a welding wire inserted into the flux inside the flux deposited on the base material and supplied with the plasma gas, and the base material And the step of welding by generating an arc.
  • the supplying step may supply the plasma gas further containing hydrogen in addition to the inert gas. . Further, when the base material is a steel alloy, the supplying step may supply the plasma gas further containing oxygen or carbon dioxide in addition to the inert gas. Further, when the base material is an aluminum alloy containing aluminum, the supplying step includes supplying the plasma gas containing the inert gas and not containing the oxidizing gas and the reducing gas. be able to.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the welding method of the present embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining the welding method of the present embodiment. 1 and 2 are also diagrams for explaining the method of manufacturing the welded material according to the present embodiment.
  • the welding method (a method for manufacturing a welded product) according to the present embodiment is based on a so-called submerged arc welding method.
  • the welding method has a first base material 201 and a second base material 202, and both The base material 200 in which the groove 203 is formed at the boundary portion is welded using the welding wire 100 to obtain a welded product.
  • a welding apparatus 10 used in the welding method of the present embodiment includes a feed roller 11 that feeds a welding wire 100 from above toward a base material 200 positioned below, and a welding wire fed by the feed roller 11.
  • a cylindrical contact tip 12 that contacts the welding wire 100 and guides the welding wire 100 further downward; and a welding power source 13 that supplies a welding current to the welding wire 100 via the contact tip 12 and the base material 200. ing.
  • the welding apparatus 10 includes a flux supply unit 14 that supplies a flux 40 from above to a base material 200 positioned below, a plasma gas cylinder 15 that serves as a supply source of a plasma gas 50 (details will be described later), An introduction nozzle 16 is further provided for supplying the plasma gas 50 supplied from the plasma gas cylinder 15 into the flux 40 deposited by being sprayed on the base material 200.
  • a spread flux 41 the flux 40 deposited on the base material 200 by being spread.
  • the feed roller 11, the contact tip 12, the flux supply unit 14, and the introduction nozzle 16 are installed on a common carriage (not shown), and these move together along the traveling direction A. Is configured to do.
  • the flux supply unit 14 is on the most upstream side
  • the introduction nozzle 16 is on the downstream side of the flux supply unit 14, and the downstream of the introduction nozzle 16.
  • Contact chips 12 are positioned on the sides.
  • Examples of the base material 200 to be welded in the present embodiment include various steel alloys such as mild steel, carbon steel, high-tensile steel, low-temperature steel, heat-resistant steel, and stainless steel, and various aluminum alloys.
  • the welding wire 100 used in the present embodiment a solid wire having no flux is basically used.
  • the welding wire 100 may be composed of a flux-cored wire.
  • the welding power source 13 used in the present embodiment either a DC power source that supplies a DC current as a welding current or an AC power source that supplies an AC current as a welding current may be used.
  • the flux 40 used in the present embodiment generally a granular material based on silicon or manganese oxide and obtained by pulverizing a solid obtained by melting or sintering is used.
  • the constituent material of the flux 40 has a higher melting point than the metal constituting the welding wire 100 and the base material 200, and the melt has a lower specific gravity than the metal. Therefore, the flux 40 has a property of forming a layer of the molten flux 42 on the molten pool 120 as it is melted by the arc heat and solidifying earlier than the molten metal constituting the molten pool 120 to improve the bead shape. is there. Further, since the flux 40 covers the arc 300 generated between the base material 200 and the tip of the welding wire 100 at the time of welding, the flux 40 is physically confined by the flux 40. be able to.
  • the particle size of the flux 40 can be controlled by the level of pulverization, but in this welding method, the plasma gas 50 is required to pass through the space (gap) formed in the sprayed flux 41. It is desirable to use a coarse particle size as the flux 40. Specifically, a flux 40 having a mesh size of 150 or less (nominal dimension of 100 ⁇ m or more) defined in JIS Z3352 may be used.
  • composition of the flux 40 is not particularly limited, and in addition to the silicon and manganese oxides described above, existing compositions appropriately added with compositions such as calcium, sodium, potassium, iron powder, titanium, magnesium, and fluoride. Commercial products can be used.
  • the plasma gas 50 used in the present embodiment will be described.
  • the plasma gas 50 is less oxidizable around the arc 300 generated in the scattered flux 41 than in an atmosphere of flux decomposition gas (including oxygen caused by oxides) generated as the flux 40 is decomposed. It is used to bring it closer to the active gas atmosphere.
  • a gas known to be converted into plasma by the arc 300 is preferably used.
  • an inert gas such as argon (Ar) or helium (He) is preferably used.
  • Ar argon
  • He helium
  • an inert gas for example, one kind of inert gas (for example, Ar or He) may be used alone, or two or more kinds of inert gases (for example, Ar). And a mixture of He) may be used.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • oxygen (O 2 ) of 2% or less in an inert gas (eg, Ar gas).
  • an inert gas eg, Ar gas
  • a slightly oxidizable plasma gas 50 to which is added, or a slightly oxidizable plasma gas 50 to which 5% or less of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is added to an inert gas (for example, Ar gas) may be used.
  • a reducing plasma gas 50 in which 2% or less of hydrogen (H 2 ) is added to an inert gas (eg, Ar gas) may be used.
  • the plasma gas 50 which combined the said slightly oxidizing gas and the said reducing gas can also be used in this Embodiment.
  • the plasma gas 50 includes an inert gas, a slightly oxidizing gas, a reducing gas, a slightly oxidizing gas, and a reducing gas. Either gas can be used.
  • the oxygen content in the resulting weld metal can be reduced.
  • a steel alloy is used as the base material 200 and a slightly oxidizing gas is used as the plasma gas, it is preferable in that the obtained arc 300 is easily stabilized.
  • austenitic steel is used as the base material 200 and a reducing gas is used as the plasma gas 50, it is preferable in that deep penetration can be obtained.
  • the base material 200 to be welded is made of various aluminum alloys
  • an inert gas can be used as the plasma gas 50, while a slightly oxidizing gas, a reducing gas, a slightly oxidizing gas can be used.
  • a gas containing a reactive gas and a reducing gas cannot be used. This is because aluminum alloys are extremely incompatible with oxygen (O 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) and cause quality deterioration during welding.
  • the introduction nozzle 16 used in the present embodiment will be described.
  • the introduction nozzle 16 as an example of the nozzle is used to supply the plasma gas 50 supplied from the plasma gas cylinder 15 to the inside of the dispersion flux 41 on the base material 200.
  • the introduction nozzle 16 is inserted into the dispersion flux 41 on the base material 200, and the gas discharge port of the introduction nozzle 16 is located inside the dispersion flux 41 on the base material 200.
  • the gas discharge port of the introduction nozzle 16 is positioned outside the spray flux 41, the plasma gas 50 discharged from the gas discharge port drifts outside the spray flux 41, and the inside of the spray flux 41 is flux-decomposed. It becomes difficult to bring the gas atmosphere closer to the inert gas atmosphere.
  • the position of the gas outlet of the introduction nozzle 16 in the spray flux 41 is preferably different from the position where the arc 300 is generated in the spray flux 41. If the position of the gas outlet of the introduction nozzle 16 and the position where the arc 300 is generated are too close, the introduction nozzle 16 itself may be melted by the arc 300.
  • the position of the gas outlet of the introduction nozzle 16 in the spray flux 41 is upstream in the traveling direction A when viewed from the position where the arc 300 is generated in the spray flux 41. By doing in this way, it becomes easy to make the atmosphere of the plasma gas 50 around the arc 300.
  • the position of the gas outlet of the introduction nozzle 16 in the spray flux 41 is not limited to the upstream side in the traveling direction A when viewed from the position where the arc 300 is generated in the spray flux 41.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a modification of the welding method of the present embodiment.
  • the introduction nozzle 16 is provided coaxially with the contact tip 12 so as to accommodate the contact tip 12 inside, and the plasma gas 50 is supplied together with the welding wire 100 into the spray flux 41.
  • the introduction of the plasma gas 50 into the dispersion flux 41 is performed by the introduction nozzle 16, but the approach angle has an influence on the reachability to the arc atmosphere. From just above and behind the arc 300, the sprayed flux 41 is exposed to the arc heat and melted to form a wall as a molten flux or a solid flux. In this state, it becomes difficult for the plasma gas 50 to reach the arc 300. Therefore, it is desirable to introduce the plasma gas 50 in the powder state before the wall of the molten flux is formed by the dispersion flux 41.
  • the introduction nozzle 16 may be arranged on the upstream side (front side) in the traveling direction A as much as possible. FIG.
  • the approach angle ⁇ shows the definition of the approach angle ⁇ , but the effect is small even if the vertical angle exceeds 90 °, that is, gas is introduced from behind the welding wire 100. It is desirable that the angle is 90 ° or less, which is coaxial with or forward of the welding wire 100, 45 ° or less, and most preferably 20 ° or less. In the case of the modification shown in FIG. 3, the approach angle ⁇ is inevitably 90 °.
  • a carriage (not shown) on which the feed roller 11, the contact tip 12, the flux supply unit 14, and the introduction nozzle 16 are mounted is moved in the traveling direction A along the groove 203 with respect to the base material 200 whose position is fixed.
  • the flux supply unit 14 supplies the flux 40 (formation of the dispersion flux 41) to the base material 200 (groove 203) (an example of a dispersion process), and the introduction nozzle 16 is on the base material 200.
  • the plasma gas 50 supplied from the plasma gas cylinder 15 is supplied to the inside of the spraying flux 41 (an example of a supplying process), and the feed roller 11 and the contact chip 12 are sprayed with the plasma gas 50 supplied therein.
  • the welding wire 100 is fed into the flux 41, and the contact tip 12 causes a welding current supplied from the welding power source 13 to flow from the welding wire 100 to the base material 200 (an example of a welding process).
  • diffusion flux 41 on the base material 200 it originates in a welding current flowing between the welding wire 100 and the base material 200, and the groove
  • the tip of the welding wire 100 is melted by the generated heat of the arc 300, and becomes a droplet 110 and falls to the groove 203 side.
  • the generated arc heat also melts the surface side of the groove 203 in the base material 200 and forms a molten pool 120 together with the droplet 110 that has fallen. Further, the generated arc heat also melts the scattered flux 41 around the arc 300 to form a molten flux 42.
  • the specific gravity of the molten flux 42 is lighter than that of the molten metal constituting the molten pool 120, the molten flux 42 covers the molten pool 120 above the molten pool 120.
  • the plasma gas 50 is supplied to the periphery of the arc 300 in comparison with the flux decomposition gas in accordance with the supply of the plasma gas 50 (the amount of oxygen is smaller than that of the flux decomposition gas by containing a large amount of inert gas). It is in a state close to. For this reason, the arc 300 is formed in an atmosphere closer to the plasma gas 50 than the flux decomposition gas, and the amount of oxygen dissolved into the molten pool 120 is reduced by the amount of oxygen that is converted into plasma by the arc 300. Will be reduced. The plasma gas 50 existing in the distribution flux 41 is then released to the outside of the distribution flux 41.
  • the molten pool 120 formed in the groove 203 of the base material 200 becomes a weld metal 130 by solidifying with natural cooling, and melts.
  • the molten flux 42 formed so as to cover the pond 120 becomes a solid flux 43 by solidifying with natural cooling.
  • the plasma gas 50 is supplied into the flux 40 (spread flux 41) sprayed and deposited on the base material 200.
  • the plasma gas 50 supplied to the inside of the dispersion flux 41 is turned into plasma by the arc 300 generated between the welding wire 100 and the base material 200.
  • the plasma gas 50 that has been turned into plasma suppresses oxidation of the molten metal constituting the molten pool 120 due to oxygen entering the droplets 110 and the molten pool 120 from the flux decomposition gas. As a result, oxidation of the weld metal 130 obtained by solidification of the molten metal is suppressed.
  • the atmosphere around the arc 300 serving as the oxygen supply source is brought closer to the inert gas atmosphere using the plasma gas 50.
  • the inert gas is not reactive as the name suggests, the inert gas cannot be supplied as a solid material such as the flux 40. Therefore, the introduction nozzle 16 for feeding the plasma gas 50 containing an inert gas is inserted into the spray flux 41 to form a low oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere inside the spray flux 41.
  • the shielding action between the atmosphere and the arc 300 is provided by the dispersion flux 41, the plasma gas 50 does not need to be expected to have a shielding action.
  • the shielding gas used in the gas shielded arc welding method is different from the shielding gas used in the gas shielded arc welding method.
  • the plasma gas 50 in the welding method of the present embodiment forms an arc atmosphere in a small space inside the dispersion flux 41. Therefore, only a small amount of gas is required as compared with the gas shielded arc welding method.
  • the welding method of the present embodiment is based on the submerged arc welding method
  • the advantages of the submerged arc welding method are suppression of spatter and fume, suppression of arc light leakage, and wind resistance. Can obtain the same effect as the submerged arc welding method.
  • the flux 40 is continuously sprayed from the flux supply unit 14 ahead of the welding wire 100, but the entire weld line (groove 203) is preliminarily welded. A method of manually spreading the flux 40 may be adopted.
  • the single electrode method in which the base material 200 is welded using one welding wire 100 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a multi-electrode method in which a plurality of welding wires 100 are arranged side by side along the traveling direction A and the base material 200 is sequentially welded by the plurality of welding wires 100 may be adopted.
  • a base material 200 made of carbon steel SM490B having the shape and dimensions shown in FIG. 5 is applied to a conventional consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding method (GMAW), a conventional submerged arc welding method (SAW), and a method 3 of the present invention. Welded with one.
  • a general product suitable for the base material 200 is applied to the welding wire 100 and the flux 40, and the wire diameter of the welding wire 100 is 1.6 mm ⁇ in the case of GMAW, and 2.4 mm ⁇ in the case of the SAW and the present invention method. .
  • a windless state (wind speed of 0.0 m / sec) and a windy state in which a wind of 1.0 m / sec was generated using a fan.
  • the flow rate of the shield gas when welding by GMAW was 25 liter / min, and the flow rate of the plasma gas 50 when welding by the method of the present invention was 10 liter / min.
  • a test piece having a normal bead shape was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, a test sample having a meandering, or a test piece obtained by being so convex that it was poorly conformable and needed to be ground. Then, an oxygen analysis test piece and a Charpy impact test piece are sampled from the central portion of the groove 203 (welded metal 130) of the test body from which a normal bead shape is obtained, and an oxygen amount measurement test in the weld metal 130 is performed. A Charpy impact test at ⁇ 20 ° C. was performed. The amount of oxygen was set to be ⁇ with 200 ppm or less as an acceptable range, and more preferably 100 ppm or less as ⁇ .
  • a Charpy impact test piece was taken from the central portion of the groove 203 (welded metal 130) of the specimen, and at the same temperature ( ⁇ 20 ° C.) as in the case of no wind. A Charpy impact test was performed. And, when the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windy specimen is less than 70% of the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windless specimen, it is considered a wind-resistant welding method, Is required, x is 70% or more.
  • Table 1 shows the test conditions and results.
  • No. 1-1-No. 1-5 is a first comparative example. 1-6 to No. 1-9 is the first embodiment. In the first comparative example, No. 1.1 to No. 1-4 is based on GMAW. 1-5 is based on SAW.
  • No. 1-1 no. 1-2 is GMAW which is most commonly used for carbon steel.
  • CO 2 was changed to No. In 1-2, Ar 80% + CO 2 20% is used. Since these gases have strong oxidizing properties, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 is high.
  • shield performance was impaired by wind of 1.0 m / sec (windy state), and Charpy absorbed energy was significantly reduced.
  • spatter, fumes, and arc light are often generated, measures for each of them are required.
  • No. 1-3 is also GMAW, but No. 1 is used as the shielding gas.
  • Ar 95% + CO 2 5% which has an Ar ratio higher than 1-2, is used.
  • the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 is reduced and the cleanliness is improved.
  • spatter was greatly reduced.
  • the weakness against wind, the problem of fume and arc light have not been improved.
  • No. 1-4 is also GMAW, but only Ar was used to make the oxidizing property as a shielding gas zero.
  • the arc is generally unstable under an Ar atmosphere, the meandering and convex shape of the beads frequently occur, and the bead shape becomes irregular. Therefore, the oxygen content measurement test and the Charpy impact test were omitted. Spatter and fume decreased significantly, but the arc light became rather strong, requiring a high level of countermeasures.
  • No. 1-5 is a general SAW, and no shield gas or plasma gas 50 is used.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy was almost the same in windless and windy conditions. However, there is a drawback that the weld metal 130 has a high oxygen content and is inferior in cleanliness.
  • No. No. 1-6 uses Ar 95% + CO 2 5% gas as the plasma gas 50
  • No. 1-6. 1-7 is an example of the present invention using Ar 98% + O 2 2% gas, respectively.
  • a weak oxidizing gas as the plasma gas 50
  • the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 could be reduced, and the cleanliness was high.
  • the stability of the bead shape was high, and problems of spatter, fume and arc light did not occur.
  • Resistant to wind the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • No. No. 1-8 is Ar as the plasma gas 50
  • No. 1-8. 1-9 is an example of the present invention in which He is used as the plasma gas 50, respectively.
  • an inert gas as the plasma gas 50
  • the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 can be significantly reduced, and the cleanliness is particularly high.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • a general product suitable for the base material 200 is applied to the welding wire 100 and the flux 40, and the wire diameter of the welding wire 100 is 1.6 mm ⁇ in the case of GMAW, and 2.4 mm ⁇ in the case of the SAW and the present invention method. .
  • Two conditions were set as the welding environment: a windless state (wind speed of 0.0 m / sec) and a windy state in which a wind of 1.0 m / sec was generated using a fan.
  • the flow rate of the shield gas when welding by GMAW was 25 liter / min
  • the flow rate of the plasma gas 50 when welding by the method of the present invention was 10 liter / min.
  • a test piece having a normal bead shape was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, a test sample having a meandering, or a test piece obtained by being so convex that it was poorly conformable and needed to be ground. Then, an oxygen analysis test piece and a Charpy impact test piece are sampled from the central portion of the groove 203 (welded metal 130) of the test body from which a normal bead shape is obtained, and an oxygen amount measurement test in the weld metal 130 is performed. A Charpy impact test at ⁇ 60 ° C. was performed. The oxygen content was rated as ⁇ with an acceptable range of 250 ppm or less, and ⁇ with 125 ppm or less as a more preferred range.
  • a Charpy impact test piece was collected from the central part of the groove 203 (welded metal 130) of the specimen, and at the same temperature ( ⁇ 60 ° C.) as in the case of no wind. A Charpy impact test was performed. And, when the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windy specimen is less than 70% of the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windless specimen, it is considered a wind-resistant welding method, Is required, x is 70% or more.
  • Table 2 shows the test conditions and results.
  • No. 2-1. 2-6 is a second comparative example. 2-7 ⁇ No. 2-9 is the second embodiment.
  • No. 2-1. No. 2-5 is due to GMAW.
  • 2-6 is based on SAW.
  • No. 2-1. 2-2 is the most commonly used GMAW for stainless steel. 2-1, Ar 98% + O 2 2%, In 2-2, Ar 50% + He 48% + O 2 2% is used. Since these gases are weakly oxidizable, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 is suppressed. However, under the influence of the wind, the shield performance was impaired by a wind of 1.0 m / sec (windy state), and the Charpy absorbed energy was significantly reduced. Moreover, since a lot of fumes and arc light are generated, measures for each are necessary.
  • No. 2-3 is also GMAW, but Ar 80% + CO 2 18% + O 2 2% is used as the shielding gas, and the ratio of the inert gas (Ar, He) in the shielding gas is No. 2. 2-1. It is lower than 2-2.
  • the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 is high, and the cleanliness is lowered. There are many spatters, and fumes and arc light are also generated. Also, the weakness against the wind does not change.
  • No. 2-4, No. 2 No. 2-5 is also GMAW, but no. In 2-4, only Ar is selected. In 2-5, only He was used.
  • the arc is generally unstable in an Ar atmosphere or a He atmosphere, and the meandering and convex shape of the beads frequently occur, and the bead shape becomes irregular. Therefore, the oxygen content measurement test and the Charpy impact test were omitted. Spatter and fume decreased significantly, but the arc light became rather strong, requiring a high level of countermeasures.
  • No. 2-6 is a general SAW, and no shield gas or plasma gas 50 is used.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy was almost the same in windless and windy conditions. However, there is a drawback that the weld metal 130 has a high oxygen content and is inferior in cleanliness.
  • No. 2-7 is an example of the present invention in which Ar 98% + O 2 2% gas is used as the plasma gas 50.
  • Ar 98% + O 2 2% gas is used as the plasma gas 50.
  • a weak oxidizing gas as the plasma gas 50, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 could be reduced, and the cleanliness was high.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • No. No. 2-8 is Ar as the plasma gas 50, No. 2-8.
  • Reference numeral 2-9 is an example of the present invention in which He is used as the plasma gas 50, respectively.
  • a base material 200 made of heat-resistant steel SCMV4 having the shape and dimensions shown in FIG. 5 is applied to a conventional consumable electrode gas shield arc welding method (GMAW), a conventional submerged arc welding method (SAW), and a method 3 of the present invention. Welded with one.
  • a general product suitable for the base material 200 is applied to the welding wire 100 and the flux 40, and the wire diameter of the welding wire 100 is 1.6 mm ⁇ in the case of GMAW, and 2.4 mm ⁇ in the case of the SAW and the present invention method. .
  • a windless state (wind speed of 0.0 m / sec) and a windy state in which a wind of 1.0 m / sec was generated using a fan.
  • the flow rate of the shield gas when welding by GMAW was 25 liter / min, and the flow rate of the plasma gas 50 when welding by the method of the present invention was 10 liter / min.
  • a test piece having a normal bead shape was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, a test sample having a meandering, or a test piece obtained by being so convex that it was poorly conformable and needed to be ground. Then, an oxygen analysis test piece and a Charpy impact test piece are sampled from the central portion of the groove 203 (welded metal 130) of the test body from which a normal bead shape is obtained, and an oxygen amount measurement test in the weld metal 130 is performed. A Charpy impact test at 0 ° C. was performed. The amount of oxygen was set to be ⁇ with 200 ppm or less as an acceptable range, and more preferably 100 ppm or less as ⁇ .
  • a Charpy impact test piece was collected from the center of the groove 203 (welded metal 130) of the specimen, and Charpy was obtained at the same temperature (0 ° C.) as in the case of no wind. An impact test was performed. And, when the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windy specimen is less than 70% of the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windless specimen, it is considered a wind-resistant welding method, Is required, x is 70% or more.
  • Table 3 shows the test conditions and results.
  • No. 3-1. 3-4 is a third comparative example. 3-5 ⁇ No. 3-7 is the third embodiment. Of the third comparative example, No. 3-1. 3-3 is based on GMAW. 3-4 is based on SAW.
  • No. 3-1 is the most commonly used GMAW for heat-resistant steel, and Ar 80% + CO 2 20% is used as a shielding gas. Since the gas is highly oxidizing, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 is high. In addition, under the influence of wind, shield performance was impaired by wind of 1.0 m / sec (windy state), and Charpy absorbed energy was significantly reduced. Moreover, since spatter, fumes, and arc light are often generated, measures for each of them are required.
  • No. 3-2 is also GMAW, but the shielding gas is No. 3-2.
  • Ar 98% + O 2 2% which has an Ar ratio higher than that of 3-1, is used.
  • the oxygen content of the weld metal 130 is reduced and the cleanliness is improved.
  • spatter was greatly reduced.
  • the weakness against wind, the problem of fume and arc light have not been improved.
  • No. 3-3 is also GMAW, but only Ar was used in order to make the oxidizing property as a shielding gas zero.
  • the arc generally becomes unstable in an Ar atmosphere, the meandering and convex shape of the beads frequently occur, and the bead shape becomes irregular. Therefore, the oxygen content measurement test and the Charpy impact test were omitted. Spatter and fume decreased significantly, but the arc light became rather strong, requiring a high level of countermeasures.
  • No. 3-4 is a general SAW and does not use shield gas or plasma gas 50.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy was almost the same in windless and windy conditions. However, there is a drawback that the weld metal 130 has a high oxygen content and is inferior in cleanliness.
  • No. 3-5 is an example of the present invention in which Ar 98% + O 2 2% gas is used as the plasma gas 50.
  • Ar 98% + O 2 2% gas is used as the plasma gas 50.
  • the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 could be lowered, and the cleanliness was high.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • No. No. 3-6 is Ar as the plasma gas.
  • 3-7 is an example of the present invention using Ar 50% + He 50% as the plasma gas 50, respectively.
  • an inert gas as the plasma gas 50, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 can be significantly reduced, and the cleanliness is particularly high.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • a base material 200 composed of an aluminum alloy A5083P-O having the shape and dimensions shown in FIG. 5 is applied to a conventional consumable electrode gas shield arc welding method (GMAW), a conventional submerged arc welding method (SAW), and a method of the present invention.
  • GMAW consumable electrode gas shield arc welding method
  • SAW submerged arc welding method
  • the three were welded.
  • a general product suitable for the base material 200 was applied to the welding wire 100, and the wire diameter of the welding wire 100 was 1.6 mm ⁇ in the case of GMAW, and 2.4 mm ⁇ in the case of SAW and the method of the present invention.
  • submerged arc welding is not possible with aluminum alloys, so there is no flux 40 suitable for aluminum alloys, but here we used general-purpose flux 40 used for carbon steel. .
  • a windless state (wind speed of 0.0 m / sec) and a windy state in which a wind of 1.0 m / sec was generated using a fan.
  • the flow rate of the shield gas when welding by GMAW was 25 liter / min, and the flow rate of the plasma gas 50 when welding by the method of the present invention was 10 liter / min.
  • test piece having a normal bead shape was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, a test sample having a meandering, or a test piece obtained by being so convex that it was poorly conformable and needed to be ground. Then, in order to evaluate the soundness of the weld metal 130, X-ray transmission imaging was performed, and if no pore defect occurred, it was treated as rejected as being absent.
  • the X-ray transmission test of the weld metal 130 was performed on the specimen obtained in the windy state under the same conditions as the specimen obtained in the windless state, and the pore defects were evaluated.
  • Table 4 shows the test conditions and results.
  • no. 4-1. 4-3 is a fourth comparative example. 4-4 ⁇ No. 4-5 is the fourth embodiment.
  • No. 4-1. 4-2 is based on GMAW.
  • 4-3 is based on SAW.
  • No. 4-1. 4-2 is the most commonly used gas shielded arc welding method for aluminum alloys.
  • 4-1 Ar is changed to No. 4-1.
  • 4-2 Ar 30% + He 70% is used.
  • an aluminum alloy has a stable arc and bead shape even in the absence of CO 2 and O 2 components in GMAW. Very little spatter and fume.
  • strong arc light was generated, and under the influence of wind, the shield performance was impaired by wind of 1.0 m / sec (winded state), resulting in frequent occurrence of pore defects.
  • No. 4-3 is SAW and does not use shield gas or plasma gas.
  • the submerged arc welding method is not possible for aluminum alloys, but in this case as well, regardless of the presence or absence of wind, pore defects frequently occurred in each specimen, and welding was impossible. The reason is that when an arc is generated in the flux, oxygen decomposed from the flux is generated, and it is inevitable to react with the aluminum alloy in the arc.
  • No. 4-4 is Ar as the plasma gas 50
  • No. 4-4. 4-5 is an example of the present invention using Ar 30% + He 70% gas as the plasma gas 50, respectively.
  • an inert gas atmosphere can be formed even in the flux, so that even an aluminum alloy can be welded.
  • no spatter, fumes, arc light was generated, and it was not affected by wind, and a sound defect-free weld metal could be obtained.
  • a general product suitable for the base material 200 is applied to the welding wire 100 and the flux 40, and the wire diameter of the welding wire 100 is 1.6 mm ⁇ in the case of GMAW, and 2.4 mm ⁇ in the case of the SAW and the present invention method. .
  • Two conditions were set: a windless state (wind speed of 0.0 m / sec) and a windy state in which a wind of 1.0 m / sec was generated using a fan.
  • the flow rate of the shield gas when welding by GMAW was 25 liter / min
  • the flow rate of the plasma gas 50 when welding by the method of the present invention was 10 liter / min.
  • a normal bead shape was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and a meandered one or a convexity that was poor in conformity and needed to be ground was evaluated as “X”. Then, an oxygen analysis test piece and a Charpy impact test piece were sampled from the central portion of the groove 203 (weld metal 130) of the test specimen from which a normal bead shape was obtained. A Charpy impact test at °C was conducted.
  • the oxygen amount is 90 ppm or less: Rank A, 90 ppm to 120 ppm or less: Rank B, 120 ppm to 150 ppm or less: Rank C, 150 ppm to 180 ppm or less: Rank D, 180 ppm to 300 ppm or less: Rank E, 300 ppm or more: Rank F.
  • Rank F is treated as rejected, and ranks A to E are treated as accepted.
  • a Charpy impact test piece was collected from the center of the groove 203 (welded metal 130) of the specimen, and Charpy was obtained at the same temperature (0 ° C.) as in the case of no wind. An impact test was performed. And, when the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windy specimen is less than 70% of the Charpy absorbed energy obtained with the windless specimen, it is considered a wind-resistant welding method, Is required, x is 70% or more.
  • Table 5 shows the test conditions and results.
  • No. 5-1. No. 5-3 is a fifth comparative example. 5-4 ⁇ No. Reference numeral 5-13 denotes the fifth embodiment.
  • No. 5-1 No. 5 5-2 is based on GMAW.
  • 5-3 is based on SAW.
  • No. 5-1 is the most commonly used GMAW for stainless steel, and uses Ar 98% + O 2 2% as a shielding gas. Since the gas oxidizability is weak, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 is suppressed. However, under the influence of the wind, the shield performance was impaired by a wind of 1.0 m / sec (windy state), and the Charpy absorbed energy was significantly reduced. Moreover, since a lot of fumes and arc light are generated, measures for each are necessary.
  • No. 5-2 is also GMAW, but only Ar was used in order to make the gas oxidizing property zero.
  • the arc is generally unstable in an Ar atmosphere, the meandering and convex shape of the beads frequently occur, and the bead shape becomes irregular. Therefore, the oxygen content measurement test and the Charpy impact test were omitted. Spatter and fume decreased significantly, but the arc light became rather strong, requiring a high level of countermeasures.
  • No. 5-3 is a general SAW, and no shield gas or plasma gas 50 is used.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy was almost the same in windless and windy conditions. However, there is a drawback that the weld metal 130 has a high oxygen content and is inferior in cleanliness.
  • No. No. 5-4 uses Ar 98% + O 2 2% gas as the plasma gas 50.
  • 5-5 is an example of the present invention in which Ar 96% + O 2 2% + H 2 2% gas is used as the plasma gas 50, respectively.
  • a weak oxidizing gas as the plasma gas 50, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 could be reduced, and the cleanliness was high.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur.
  • Resistant to wind the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • No. 2 containing 2% H 2 was mixed. A deeper penetration was obtained with 5-5.
  • No. Reference numeral 5-6 represents an example of the present invention in which Ar is used as the plasma gas 50.
  • Ar is used as the plasma gas 50.
  • the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 can be significantly reduced, and the cleanliness is particularly high.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • No. 5-7 is an example of the present invention using Ar 98% + H 2 2% as the plasma gas 50.
  • an oxidizing gas component As the plasma gas 50, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 can be significantly reduced, and the cleanliness is particularly high.
  • hydrogen has the property of a reducing gas, the plasma gas 50 is composed of only Ar.
  • the amount of oxygen in the weld metal 130 was slightly lower than that in 5-6.
  • the stability of the bead shape is high, and the problem of spatter, fume and arc light does not occur. Resistant to wind, the Charpy absorbed energy in the windless and windy state was almost the same, and the value was also high.
  • No. 5-8 ⁇ No. No. 5-13 is a sample No. 5 using Ar as the plasma gas 50.
  • the basic configuration is the same as that of 5-6, and the influence is confirmed by changing the approach angle ⁇ of the introduction nozzle 16 (see FIG. 4).
  • 100 ° (No. 5-13) ⁇ 90 ° (No. 5-12) ⁇ 50 ° (No. 5-11) ⁇ 45 ° (No. 5-10) ⁇ 25 ° (No. 5-9) ⁇
  • the oxygen content of the weld metal is 158 ppm ⁇ 146 ppm ⁇ 125 ppm ⁇ 118 ppm ⁇ 94 ppm ⁇ 88 ppm ⁇ 74 ppm. It is clear that D ⁇ C ⁇ C ⁇ B ⁇ B ⁇ A ⁇ A.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

Un flux granulaire est appliqué et déposé sur un matériau de base (200) à souder, un gaz plasma (50) contenant un gaz inerte en tant que composant principal alimente le flux (flux appliqué) (41) déposé sur le matériau de base (200), un fil de soudage (100) est introduit dans le flux appliqué (41) qui est déposé sur le matériau de base (200) et alimenté par le gaz plasma (50), et un arc (300) est généré entre le fil de soudage (100) et le matériau de base (200) à l'intérieur du flux appliqué (41) afin de réaliser le soudage. En conséquence, la quantité d'oxygène dans le métal soudé obtenu est réduite tout en assurant la résistance au vent pendant le soudage.
PCT/JP2014/082278 2014-03-13 2014-12-05 Procédé de soudage et procédé de fabrication de produit soudé Ceased WO2015136795A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110640279A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2020-01-03 广州黄船海洋工程有限公司 一种q420高强度钢厚板的焊剂铜衬垫法埋弧焊工艺

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS507748A (fr) * 1973-05-23 1975-01-27
JPS5288240A (en) * 1976-01-16 1977-07-23 Sumitomo Metal Ind Submerged arc welding process for improving tenacity of welded portion
JPS5736077A (ja) * 1980-08-13 1982-02-26 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Sabumaajiaakuyosetsuhoho
JPH03477A (ja) * 1989-05-25 1991-01-07 Toshiba Corp 複合熱源による溶接装置
JPH0337834B2 (fr) * 1985-11-27 1991-06-06 Nippon Steel Corp
JP2011200923A (ja) * 2010-03-26 2011-10-13 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp プラズマアーク溶接方法
JP2012061481A (ja) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-29 Nippon Steel Corp アルミニウム合金板材のプラズマ溶接方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS507748A (fr) * 1973-05-23 1975-01-27
JPS5288240A (en) * 1976-01-16 1977-07-23 Sumitomo Metal Ind Submerged arc welding process for improving tenacity of welded portion
JPS5736077A (ja) * 1980-08-13 1982-02-26 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Sabumaajiaakuyosetsuhoho
JPH0337834B2 (fr) * 1985-11-27 1991-06-06 Nippon Steel Corp
JPH03477A (ja) * 1989-05-25 1991-01-07 Toshiba Corp 複合熱源による溶接装置
JP2011200923A (ja) * 2010-03-26 2011-10-13 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp プラズマアーク溶接方法
JP2012061481A (ja) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-29 Nippon Steel Corp アルミニウム合金板材のプラズマ溶接方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110640279A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2020-01-03 广州黄船海洋工程有限公司 一种q420高强度钢厚板的焊剂铜衬垫法埋弧焊工艺
CN110640279B (zh) * 2019-09-30 2021-10-26 广州黄船海洋工程有限公司 一种q420高强度钢厚板的焊剂铜衬垫法埋弧焊工艺

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