WO2015125557A1 - Illumination device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an illumination device having no moving parts, small in scale, and capable of achieving excellent gradation lighting over a wide surface without impairing the aesthetics thereof. Extending approximately in parallel are the long direction axes of a first substrate whereon first light sources for emitting a first light flux are mounted, and a second substrate whereon second light sources for emitting a second light flux are mounted. The chromaticity of the first light flux and the chromaticity of the second light flux are different. The illumination device satisfies the following formulae when the respective angular intensity distributions for the first light flux emitted from a first optical system and the second light flux emitted from a second optical system are acquired in a plane that is orthogonal to the axis of the first substrate or the second substrate: PS1 < PCS < PS2 (1) 0.2 ≤ SCS/PK1 ≤ 0.9 (2) 0.2 ≤ SCS/PK2 ≤ 0.9 (3) where PS1 represents the angular position at which the intensity is highest in the first light flux, PK1 represents the intensity thereat, PS2 represents the angular position at which the intensity is highest in the second light flux, PK2 represents the intensity thereat, PCS represents the angular position of an intersection on the angular intensity distributions of the first light flux and the second light flux, and SCS represents the intensity thereat.

Description

Lighting device

The present invention relates to an illuminating device, for example, an illuminating device capable of gradation illumination of a wall surface or the like.

In recent years, chromatic lighting has been spreading in the space production field. For example, it is expected to further enhance the audience's excitement by reproducing nature such as the morning sun and sunset with chromatic lighting on the stage of theaters and concerts. On the other hand, in the home, it is also expected to create a lighting space that enhances the healing effect by chromatic lighting in order to relieve stress in daily life. For example, it is empirically known that the user can heal the user by dimming the main lighting of the room and emitting light of the desired color from the lighting device placed on the table toward the wall or ceiling. Yes.

Here, when illuminating a somewhat wide illuminated surface such as a wall surface with chromatic color illumination, in general, so-called gradation illumination in which brightness and color change smoothly within the illuminated surface and unevenness that impairs aesthetics is suppressed. It is preferable to do. Further, in order to enhance the lighting effect, it is desired that the lighting apparatus is downsized to some extent so that the lighting fixture is not conspicuous.

Patent Document 1 discloses that a plurality of irradiation areas are formed by emitting light of different colors from a plurality of light sources, and each of the plurality of irradiation areas has a mixed color obtained by mixing different colors of light. Has disclosed an illuminating device that includes an overlapped intermediate region and that can change at least one size of a plurality of irradiation regions by an actuator.

Japanese Patent No. 5175170

However, according to the illumination device of Patent Document 1, although gradation illumination can be realized, since the light source is moved using an actuator, the configuration becomes complicated and the cost is increased. When used for a period, there is a problem that periodic maintenance is required and the burden of maintenance costs increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an illuminating device that does not have a movable part, is small, and can realize excellent gradation illumination without impairing beauty on a wide surface. With the goal.

In order to achieve at least one of the above-described objects, an illumination device that reflects one aspect of the present invention includes a first light source that emits a first light flux, and a first light source that includes the first light source. A substrate, a first optical system having a condensing function with respect to the first light beam emitted from the first light source, a second light source that emits a second light beam, and the second light source. An attached second substrate, and a second optical system having a condensing function with respect to the second light beam emitted from the second light source,
The longitudinal axes of the first substrate and the second substrate extend substantially in parallel,
The chromaticity of the first luminous flux is different from that of the second luminous flux,
The first light beam emitted from the first optical system and the second light emitted from the second optical system on a surface orthogonal to the axis of the first substrate or the second substrate. When each of the angular intensity distributions of the luminous flux is taken, the angular position where the intensity of the first luminous flux becomes highest is PS1, the intensity is PK1, and the angular position where the intensity of the second luminous flux becomes highest is PS2. And the intensity is PK2, the angular position of the intersection of the first light flux and the second light flux on the angular intensity distribution is PCS, and the intensity is SCS, the following equation is satisfied.
PS1 <PCS <PS2 (1)
0.2 ≦ SCS / PK1 ≦ 0.9 (2)
0.2 ≦ SCS / PK2 ≦ 0.9 (3)

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an illuminating device that can realize excellent gradation illumination on a wide surface without impairing aesthetics, while having no movable part and being compact.

It is a figure which shows the example of angular intensity distribution for description of an example of this illuminating device, a horizontal axis is an angle and a vertical axis | shaft is an intensity | strength. It is a figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the light emitting element of this illuminating device. It is a perspective view which shows the illuminating device 100 of this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of FIG. 3 cut along a plane IV. It is sectional drawing which shows the illuminating device 100 in use condition. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the illuminating device and the room to illuminate used in the simulation of the Example. It is sectional drawing of the illuminating device of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 6 is a ray diagram in increments of NA10 in the light beam emitted from the first LED 14. FIG. 7 is an angular intensity distribution diagram of emitted light beams of the first LED and the second LED in the cross section of FIG. 6. It is a graph which shows a part of chromaticity distribution of the vertical color gradation which passes along the illumination intensity peak (the brightest place on an irradiation surface) of an irradiation surface. It is sectional drawing of the illuminating device of Example 2. FIG. FIG. 7 is an angular intensity distribution diagram of emitted light beams of the first LED and the second LED in the cross section of FIG. 6. It is a graph which shows a part of chromaticity distribution of the vertical color gradation which passes along the illumination intensity peak (lightest place on an irradiation surface) of the irradiation surface concerning Example 2. FIG. It is sectional drawing of the illuminating device of Example 3. FIG. FIG. 7 is an angular intensity distribution diagram of emitted light beams of the first LED and the second LED in the cross section of FIG. 6. It is a graph which shows a part of chromaticity distribution of the vertical color gradation which passes along the illumination intensity peak (lightest place on an irradiation surface) of the irradiation surface concerning Example 3. FIG. (A) (b) is the figure which showed the irradiation area | region which the light beam radiate | emitted from the optical system of FIG. (A) (b) is a figure which shows the illuminating device concerning another embodiment.

The lighting device will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the angular intensity distribution of the first light flux is indicated by AD1 on the surface orthogonal to the axis of the first substrate or the second substrate in the example of the illumination device of the present invention, and the angle of the second light flux. The intensity distribution is indicated by AD2. Although the angular intensity distribution of the third light beam is indicated by AD3, it is provided for the sake of explanation and is not related to the presence or absence of the third light beam.

In FIG. 1, the angle position where the intensity is highest in the angular intensity distribution AD1 of the first light beam is PS1, the intensity is PK1, and the angle position where the intensity is highest in the angle intensity distribution AD2 of the second light beam is PS2. And the intensity is PK2, the angular position of the intersection CP1 between the angular intensity distribution AD1 of the first light flux and the angular intensity distribution AD2 of the second light flux is PCS, and the intensity is SCS, the above formula (1) Satisfy (3).

By satisfying the expression (1), the angular position PS1 at which the intensity of the first light beam becomes the highest and the angular position PS2 at which the intensity of the second light beam becomes the highest can be shifted, and the light beam having the highest intensity is obtained. Because it can be emphasized with a single color, beautiful gradation lighting can be achieved. In addition, since the intersection point CP1 exists between the angular position PS1 at which the intensity of the first light flux becomes highest and the angular position PS2 at which the intensity of the second light flux becomes highest, the other intensity is lower than the peak intensity. Because it is mixed equally with the color of, beautiful gradation lighting can be performed.

In addition, when the values of the expressions (2) and (3) are equal to or higher than the lower limit, a decrease in intensity near the color boundary can be suppressed and beautiful gradation illumination can be performed. On the other hand, when the values of the expressions (2) and (3) are below the upper limit, the luminous flux having the highest intensity can be emphasized with a single color while having a nearly uniform illuminance, so that natural and beautiful gradation illumination can be performed.

In the angular intensity distribution of the first light flux, when the intensity at the angular position PS2 is SK1, and in the angular intensity distribution of the second light flux, the intensity at the angular position PS1 is SK2, the following expression is satisfied. It is preferable.
SK1 / PK2 <0.5 (4)
SK2 / PK1 <0.5 (5)

Referring to FIG. 1, when the intensity at the angular position PS2 in the angular intensity distribution AD1 of the first light flux is SK1, and the intensity at the angular position PS1 in the angular intensity distribution AD2 of the second light flux is SK2, the above (4) , (5) is satisfied. As a result, the monochromatic area appears brighter, the balance with the area where the color changes changes, and the gradation of the projection surface looks beautiful.

Further, it is preferable that the angular position PCS is one point. In FIG. 1, there are two intersections (CP2, CP2) between the angle intensity distribution AD2 of the second light beam and the angle intensity distribution AD3 of the third light beam with the angle position where the intensity of the first light beam is highest. CP3) exists. In this way, if there are a plurality of intersections, unexpected color mixing may occur, beautiful gradation illumination may not be performed, and unnecessary light flux increases, so it can be said that the efficiency is poor. When obtaining the intersection point, if the intensity value of the intersection point is less than 5% of the peak intensity values PK1 and PK2 of the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2, respectively, it is considered that there is no intersection point because it hardly contributes to illumination.

Moreover, it is preferable to satisfy | fill the following formula | equation.
20 ° ≦ PS2-PS1 ≦ 60 ° (7)

By separating the angular position PS1 at which the intensity of the first light flux becomes highest and the angular position PS2 at which the intensity of the second light flux becomes highest to be equal to or more than the lower limit of the expression (7), the ratio of the mixed area compared to the monochromatic area On the other hand, the ratio of the monochromatic area does not increase too much compared to the mixed area by separating it below the upper limit of the expression (7), and a balanced gradation illumination can be performed.

Further, the minimum value of the angular intensity distribution of the first light flux between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS2 is MN1, and the second light flux between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS1. When the minimum value of the angular intensity distribution is MN2, it is preferable to satisfy the following expression.
MN1 / PK1 <0.2 (8)
MN2 / PK2 <0.2 (9)

In the example of FIG. 1, MN1 = SK1, MN2 = SK2. As a result, while using the light from the light source efficiently, the monochromatic area appears brighter, the balance with the area where the color changes is improved, and the gradation of the projection surface looks beautiful.

Further, it is preferable that the first light source and the second light source are LEDs, and the first optical system and the second optical system are integrally formed. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have attracted attention as illumination light sources that can replace fluorescent lamps and incandescent bulbs, and are used in many lighting devices. In particular, since the LED has low power consumption and a long life, the labor and cost of replacement can be reduced. Further, by forming the first optical system and the second optical system integrally, the number of parts can be reduced and the assembly process can be simplified. Furthermore, since it can be controlled with a single chip, there is also an advantage that chromaticity and intensity changes can be made finely and easily.

Further, at least one of the first light source and the second light source has a plurality of light emitters capable of independently emitting light, and the first optical system and the light source are selected by selecting the light emitters to emit light. It is preferable that the angular intensity distribution of the light beam emitted from at least one of the second optical systems can be changed.

FIG. 2 is a view of an example of a main part of the present lighting device as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the substrate. In the example of FIG. 2, light emitters LM1 to LM5 are attached to five substrates ST1 to ST5. The substrates ST1 to ST4 have different attachment angles θ1 to θ4. On the other hand, the mounting angles θ4 and θ5 of the substrates ST4 and ST5 are equal. The light emitters LM1 to LM5 can be controlled to be turned on independently, and the light beams emitted from the light emitters LM1 to LM3 travel in the normal direction of the substrates ST1 to ST5.

Here, the first light source is composed of the light emitters LM1 to LM3, and the second light source is composed of the light emitters LM4 and LM5. For example, the angular intensity distribution of the first light flux when the light emitters LM1 and LM2 are turned on and the light emitter LM3 is turned off is the angle intensity distribution when the light emitters LM2 and LM3 are turned on and the light emitter LM1 is turned off. Will be different. That is, since the brightness and the angle intensity of the monochromatic region are different, the gradation is different by combining this with the lighting of the light emitters LM4 and LM5. Depending on the combination of colors, the shape of the distribution and the optimal solution for the mixed area differ. According to the present invention, it is possible to change the profile including the intersection position and the peak intensity position of the gradation illumination by turning on and off the light emitter without using the movable portion, and the degree of freedom of illumination is improved.

Further, it is preferable that at least one of the first optical system and the second optical system is at least one of a reflector and a lens. Thereby, the emission angle and intensity distribution of the first light flux and the second light flux can be controlled.

Further, the peak light beam having the highest intensity among the first light fluxes emitted from the first optical system on a surface orthogonal to the axis of the first substrate or the second substrate, and Of the second light beams emitted from the second optical system, it is preferable that the peak light beams having the highest intensity cross each other. As a result, since the exit pupil can be shared, the entire illumination device can be made smaller, and the first light beam and the second light beam are emitted in various directions from the common light emitting surface, so that the light emitting surface is wide. There is also an advantage that it seems to emit light continuously in the range.

The illumination device includes a cover member that allows the first light beam emitted from the first optical system and the second light beam emitted from the second optical system to pass therethrough. When the scattering performance of the optical system is σa, the scattering performance of the second optical system is σb, and the scattering performance of the cover member is σc, it is preferable that the following expression is satisfied.
σa + σc ≦ 15 (°) (10)
σb + σc ≦ 15 (°) (11)

The sum of the scattering performance of the first optical system and the cover member and the sum of the scattering performance of the second optical system and the cover member are Gaussian distributions σ so as to satisfy the expressions (10) and (11). When the angle is 15 ° or less, loss of directivity can be suppressed, and beautiful gradation illumination such as monochromatic-mixed-monochromatic can be obtained.

Moreover, it is preferable to satisfy | fill the following formula | equation.
σa <10 (°) (12)
σb <10 (°) (13)

By providing the first optical system and the second optical system with a scattering performance of less than 10 ° with a Gaussian distribution σ so as to satisfy the expressions (12) and (13), the effect of making the irradiation area look beautiful is there.

Moreover, it is preferable to satisfy | fill the following formula | equation.
2 ≦ σa <10 (°) (14)
2 ≦ σb <10 (°) (15)

Further, if the values of the expressions (14) and (15) are equal to or higher than the lower limit value, unevenness of the light source, for example, LED graininess, is reduced when the appearance quality is important such that the light emitting surface enters the field of view. And the appearance quality can be improved.

Moreover, it is preferable to satisfy | fill the following formula | equation.
σc <10 (°) (16)

Even if the cover member that also serves as the final exit surface (light emitting surface) is provided with a scattering performance of less than 10 ° with a Gaussian distribution σ so that the expression (16) is satisfied, the irradiation area can be reflected beautifully and the contents of the apparatus cannot be seen. The effects of the above and the like, and by balancing the irradiation, the aesthetics of the irradiation area and the lighting device itself can be improved.

Moreover, it is preferable to satisfy | fill the following formula | equation.
2 ≦ σc <10 (°) (17)

Furthermore, if the value of the equation (17) is equal to or greater than the lower limit, the inside of the apparatus is difficult to see and the appearance is beautiful when the appearance quality is important such that the light emitting surface enters the field of view. The scattering performance as described above can be obtained by roughening the surface of the optical system or the cover member. Or in the case of a cover member, you may make it milky white with the additive to a raw material.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the illumination device 100 of the present embodiment, but shows the state in which the cover member 30 is removed. The lighting device 100 includes an aluminum triangular cylindrical casing 101 preferably formed by extrusion molding, and side plates 102 attached to both ends of the casing 101. One surface of the housing 101 is an opening 101a that is open over the entire longitudinal direction. In the housing 101, a first light source unit 10 and a second light source unit 20 are arranged.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of FIG. 3 cut along a plane IV perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the substrate of the light source unit. The first light source unit 10 includes a reflector (first optical system) 11 having a groove in the same cross section extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing 101, an elongated aluminum heat radiating plate 12 installed at the bottom of the reflector 11, an aluminum It has a long and narrow substrate (first substrate) 13 disposed on the heat radiating plate 12 and a plurality of first LEDs (first light sources) 14 arranged in a row on the substrate 13. The substrate 13 and the aluminum heat radiating plate 12 are tightly joined with a heat conductive front tape or the like, and assembled so as to be inserted into the housing 101 in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The reflector 11 has a pair of curved reflecting surfaces 11a constituting the side surface of the groove, that is, has a condensing power in one direction. The reflecting surface 11a can be roughened. Here, the first LED 14 has a blue emission color.

On the other hand, the second light source unit 20 is adjacent to and parallel to the first light source unit 10, and has a reflector (second optical system) 21 having a groove section with the same cross section extending over the longitudinal direction of the housing 101. And a plurality of second LEDs arranged in a row on the substrate 23, an elongated aluminum radiator plate 22 installed on the bottom of the substrate, an elongated substrate (second substrate) 23 disposed on the aluminum radiator plate 22. (Second light source) 24. The substrate 23 and the aluminum heat radiating plate 22 are closely bonded with a heat conductive front tape or the like, and assembled so as to be inserted into the casing 101 in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The reflector 21 has a pair of curved reflecting surfaces 21a constituting the side surface of the groove, that is, has a condensing power in one direction. The reflecting surface 21a can be roughened. Here, the second LED 24 has a red emission color. In the present embodiment, the reflectors 11 and 21 are a part of the housing 101, but may be separated.

A cover member 30 having an arcuate cross section is provided so as to shield the opening 101a of the housing 101. The cover member 30 may have a diffusion function. It is preferable to satisfy the following formula. However, a diffusion sheet DF may be disposed between the reflectors 11 and 21 and the cover member 30 as indicated by a dotted line in FIG.
σa + σc ≦ 15 (°) (10)
σb + σc ≦ 15 (°) (11)
σa <10 (°) (12)
σb <10 (°) (13)
σc <10 (°) (16)
However,
σa: scattering performance of the reflector 11 σb: scattering performance of the reflector 21 σc: scattering performance of the cover member 30 Preferably, the following equation is satisfied.
2 ≦ σa <10 (°) (14)
2 ≦ σb <10 (°) (15)
2 ≦ σc <10 (°) (17)

As shown in FIG. 4, the first LED 14 and the second LED 24 are attached at different angles. Therefore, the highest intensity peak beam (generally the center line) LB1 emitted from the first LED 14 is emitted in the normal direction of the emission surface of the first LED 14, and the highest intensity emitted from the second LED 24. When the high peak light beam LB2 is emitted in the normal direction of the emission surface of the second LED 24, the light beams LB1 and LB2 cross on the cross section of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the lighting device 100 in use. In FIG. 5, lighting device 100 is installed on floor surface FL with the opening side facing wall surface WL. The first LED 14 and the second LED 24 are driven by a current supplied from a driver (not shown) to emit light. The light emitted from the first LED 14 is collected by the reflecting surface 11a of the reflector 11, and is emitted to the outside in a state of being diffused through the cover member 30 to illuminate the wall surface WL with blue light. On the other hand, the light emitted from the second LED 24 is collected by the reflection surface 21a of the reflector 21 and emitted to the outside in a state of being diffused through the cover member 30, and the wall surface WL (partly the ceiling surface CL) is red. Illuminate with light. At this time, as indicated by hatching, the emitted light from the first LED 14 and the emitted light from the second LED 24 are partially overlapped to form gradation illumination in which the color gradually changes in the vertical direction. In nature, there are many scenes where the color gradually changes in the vertical direction, such as the sky and the horizon or horizon, and this has the effect of healing the viewer. The lighting device according to the present embodiment can artificially create a color close to a natural scene.

According to the present embodiment, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, when the illumination device 100 is irradiated from the lower side toward the wall surface WL, the distance from each light source to the wall surface is different, but the illumination device 100 is used. 1 for example, in the angular intensity distribution as in the example of FIG. 1, PK1 (peak intensity in the angular intensity distribution AD1 of the first light beam) <PK2 (in angular intensity distribution AD2 of the second light beam) The appropriate peak intensity can be set so as to be equal to (peak intensity), and thereby gradation illumination can be performed in a balanced manner on the projection surface such as the wall surface.

Hereinafter, examples suitable for the above-described embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the lighting device and the room to be used, which was used in the simulation of the example. Here, as a usage state of the illumination device 100, illumination from the wall surface WL of the house to the ceiling CL is assumed. As an example, the height from the floor FL of the house to the ceiling CL is about 2500 mm. Furthermore, a floor with a height of about 250 mm is provided on the floor surface FL, and the lighting device 100 is installed on a table parallel to the floor surface FL, so that two-color gradation illumination that is as small as possible from the wall surface WL to the ceiling CL is provided. It will be generated. Here, as the angle intensity distribution, the angle toward the wall surface WL parallel to the floor surface FL is 0 °, the side toward the ceiling CL in the vertical direction from the lighting device 100 is + 90 °, and the direction toward the floor surface FL is −90. °. Necessary specifications change in the irradiation area, and the change in the light collecting function by the reflector, the number of the first LEDs, the number of the second LEDs, and the like change, and the illumination size changes within the scope of the present invention. In addition, regarding the chromaticity of the first LED and the second LED, for the convenience of simulation software, the emission color is controlled by the wavelength and the simulation is performed. In addition, although the shape of the following embodiment is a bar shape, it may be a donut shape or the like with a cross section of the same shape. For example, a device that illuminates the ceiling may be used. The optical system has an extruded shape (power in one axial direction), but may have power in a plurality of axial directions, and has a condensing function in at least one axial direction.

Example 1
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the lighting apparatus according to the first embodiment. In Example 1, it has 1st LED14, the board | substrate 13, the aluminum heat sink 12, and the reflector 11 as a 1st light source unit, and 2nd LED24, the board | substrate 23, and an aluminum heat sink as a 2nd light source unit. 22 and a reflector 21. The emission surface of the first LED 14 is inclined by θ1 = 10 ° with respect to the vertical surface, and the emission surface of the second LED 24 is inclined by θ2 = 45 ° with respect to the vertical surface. A difference in peak position can be realized.

The lighting device of the first embodiment has a bar-shaped casing 101 having a height H and a width W of about 30 mm and a length of about 140 mm. Both the first LED 14 and the second LED 24 have 16 LEDs. Are arranged at a pitch of 6.4 mm in the longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the paper surface), both emission surfaces are flat, the first LED emits blue light with a wavelength of 470 nm, and the second LED emits red light with a wavelength of 640 nm. Each of the reflectors 11 and 21 has a curved surface.

The reflectors 11 and 21 are grooves having the same cross-sectional shape extending in the longitudinal direction, have optical power in the height direction, and have a uniform longitudinal cross-section. The reflecting surface is set as a slight scattering surface (σ2) in consideration of actual manufacturing. By giving the reflectors 11 and 21 a scattering function, the graininess at the time of LED emission is reduced and the aesthetics when looking into the device is improved. However, if the scattering performance is too large, the directivity is lost and beautiful. In order to prevent generation of gradation, the scattering performance is preferably set to σ <15 ° by the optical system.

The cover member 30 provided in the opening 101a of the housing 101 has a diffusion function (σ4) in the material itself, and serves to reduce the graininess of the LEDs 14 and 23 and to eliminate unevenness of the irradiation surface. Even if a diffusion sheet or the like is disposed between the reflectors 11 and 21 and the opening 101a, the same effect can be obtained. However, by providing the cover member 30 with the function, the diffusion sheet or the like can be omitted and can be easily assembled. I can do it. A method of mixing particles or the like into the cover member 30 itself serving as the light emitting surface to have a diffusion function, or making the inside and outside rough surfaces can be appropriately selected in consideration of design properties and optical performance.

The ray diagram of the first LED 14 in increments of NA10 is as shown in FIG. In order to make the path of the luminous flux easy to understand, the luminous flux hitting the reflector for the first LED 14 is set to be absorbed by the surface. As shown by X in the figure, the position of the terminal end of the reflector is designed so that a part of the light beam of the NA 30 not hitting the reflector 11 for the first LED 14 does not hit the floor side reflector for the second LED 24. . Similarly, the ceiling-side reflector end portion for the first LED 14 is designed so as not to hit the luminous flux of the first LED 24. The reflectors on the floor side of the first LED 14 and the ceiling side of the second LED 24 are in contact with each other for the purpose of space saving, and the length thereof is shorter than the reflectors that are not in contact with each other.

The simulation results of Example 1 are shown below. FIG. 9 is an angular intensity distribution diagram in the cross section of FIG. 6, where the vertical axis indicates the emission intensity, and the horizontal axis is the angle defined in FIG. 5. This is the result of first adjusting the emission intensity of the LEDs to 1 lm and adjusting the peak illuminance ratio at the wall surface 30 or 60 cm ahead to be approximately 1: 1. In FIG. 9, the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the first LED 11 and collected by the reflector 11 is AD1, and the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the second LED 21 and collected by the reflector 21 is AD2. . For comparison, the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the first LED 11 when there is no reflector 11 is AD1L, and the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the second LED 21 when there is no reflector 21. Is AD2L. By providing a reflector with respect to the angular intensity distributions AD1L and AD2L when no reflector is provided, the peak intensity is increased as shown in the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2, and beautiful gradation illumination in which a single color can be realized can be realized.

In FIG. 9, the intersection CP1 of the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2 is one point, that is, the angular position PCS is one point. The angular position PS1 = 10 ° where the intensity is highest in the angular intensity distribution AD1, the peak intensity PK1 = 11.5, and the angular position PS2 = 50 ° where the intensity is highest in the angular intensity distribution AD2. The peak intensity PK2 = 28, the angular position PCS of the intersection of the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2, PCS = 20 °, and the intensity SCS = 10 (see FIG. 1, the same applies hereinafter). Therefore, 10 ° <20 ° <50 ° is satisfied and the expression (1) is satisfied. Since SCS / PK1 = 0.87, the expression (2) is satisfied, and since SCS / PK2 = 0.34, the expression (3) is satisfied.

Furthermore, since the intensity SK1 = 0 in the angular position PS2 in the angular intensity distribution AD1 and the intensity SK2 = 0 in the angular position PS1 in the angular intensity distribution AD2, the expressions (4) and (5) are satisfied, respectively. Further, since PS2−PS1 = 40 °, the expression (7) is satisfied. Further, the minimum value MN1 = SK1 = 0 of the angular intensity distribution AD1 between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS2, and the minimum value MN2 = SK2 = of the angular intensity distribution AD2 between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS1. Since it is 0, the expressions (8) and (9) are satisfied, respectively.

As described above, when the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2 are substantially zero at the mutual peak intensity positions, there is no wasteful spread, and each monochrome area emits light beautifully, and the gradation is beautiful. It is supposed to shine. FIG. 10 shows a part of the chromaticity distribution of the color gradation. This is a chromaticity distribution from the floor to the ceiling through the illuminance peak value on the irradiated surface (the brightest place on the irradiated surface), and is the direction in which the color gradation changes. In the present embodiment, as described above, it is assumed that the color gradation is generated from the wall surface to the ceiling surface in a general house with the light emitting surface of the lighting device facing the wall surface. A chromaticity distribution diagram is shown when the wall is separated from the wall surface by about 60 cm (the chromaticity distribution diagram at each distance can be obtained from the angular intensity distribution for each LED in FIG. 9). The evaluation surface size is 2700 mm × 2500 mm (floor to ceiling direction × width), and the chromaticity is expressed every 10 × 10 mm. The result is a blue-red gradation on the wall from the floor to the ceiling. The inclination of the graph indicates the degree of color change, and the inclination is larger and clearer than in other examples described later. Having an area where chromaticity changes and an area where chromaticity does not exist, and appropriately adjusting the slope of the graph for each color combination is important for creating a beautiful gradation. The position of the intersection and the peak angle position The difference is an important parameter that controls them.

(Example 2)
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the illumination device of the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the first LED 14, the reflector 11, the substrate 13, and the lens 15 are provided as the first light source unit, and the second LED 24, the reflector 21, the substrate 23, and the lens are provided as the second light source unit. 25. The emission surface of the first LED 14 is inclined by θ1 = 25 ° with respect to the vertical surface, and the emission surface of the second LED 24 is inclined by θ2 = 45 ° with respect to the vertical surface. A difference in peak position can be realized.

The illuminating device of Example 2 has a bar-shaped housing having a height of about 30 mm, a width of about 20 mm, and a length of about 140 mm. Both the first LED 14 and the second LED 24 have 16 LEDs, They are arranged in the longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the paper surface) at a pitch of 6.4 mm, the emission surfaces are both flat, the first LED emits blue light with a wavelength of 470 nm, and the second LED emits red light with a wavelength of 640 nm. Have. In the present embodiment, a diffusion portion 30a made up of a plurality of parallel grooves is formed in a part of the flat cover member 30 (the transmission portion of the emitted light beam from the second LED 24).

The functions of the reflectors 11 and 21 are the same as those in the first embodiment. In addition, the reflector 11 has a reflecting surface 11b for directing the emitted light beam from the first LED 14 downward in FIG. On the other hand, the lenses 15 and 25 are designed so that the lens portion has a cylindrical shape, has power in one direction as in the case of the reflectors 11 and 21, and more condenses light with a small NA. The size can be reduced and the size in the height and width direction can be reduced. In this embodiment, the reflectors 11, 21 and lenses 15, 25 are both designed to have a positive optical power. However, the lenses 15, 25 may be negative lenses, and together with the reflectors 11, 21, If the spread of the light beam is narrower than the Lambertian distribution of the single LED, it can be said that the optical system has a condensing function. One of the side surfaces of the lenses 15 and 25 may be a bowl-shaped leg portion, and may be assembled by being inserted from a direction perpendicular to the paper surface into a groove of the housing 101 that is preferably formed by extrusion molding of aluminum. At this time, the substrates 13 and 23 can be fixed by bringing the parts 15a and 25a of the lenses 15 and 25 into contact with the substrates 13 and 23. Here, the substrates 13 and 23 are attached to the housing 101 with double-sided tape, and then fixed with the lenses 15 and 25.

The simulation results of Example 2 are shown below. FIG. 12 is an angular intensity distribution diagram in the cross section of FIG. 6, where the vertical axis indicates the emission intensity, and the horizontal axis is the angle defined in FIG. 5. Conditions and the like are the same as in the first embodiment. In FIG. 12, the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the first LED 11 and collected by the reflector 11 is AD1, and the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the second LED 21 and collected by the reflector 21 is AD2. .

12, the intersection CP1 of the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2 is one point, that is, the angular position PCS is one point. The angular position PS1 = 10 ° at which the intensity is highest in the angular intensity distribution AD1, the peak intensity PK1 = 10, and the angular position PS2 = 45 ° at which the intensity is highest in the angular intensity distribution AD2, and the peak intensity thereof. PK2 = 20.8, the angular position PCS of the intersection of the angular intensity distributions AD1, AD2, PCS = 23 °, and the intensity SCS = 7.8. Therefore, 10 ° <23 ° <45 °, which satisfies the expression (1). Since SCS / PK1 = 0.78, the expression (2) is satisfied, and since SCS / PK2 = 0.375, the expression (3) is satisfied.

Furthermore, in the angular intensity distribution AD1, the intensity SK1 = 4.3 at the angular position PS2, and in the angular intensity distribution AD2, the intensity SK2 = 3.8 at the angular position PS1, so SK1 / PK2 = 0.21, SK2 / PK1 = 0.38 and satisfies the expressions (4) and (5). Further, since PS2−PS1 = 35 °, the expression (7) is satisfied. Further, the minimum value MN1 = SK1 = 4.3 of the angular intensity distribution AD1 between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS2, and the minimum value MN2 of the angular intensity distribution AD2 between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS1 = Since SK2 = 3.8, MN1 / PK1 = 0.43, MN2 / PK2 = 0.18, and the expressions (8) and (9) are satisfied.

FIG. 13 shows a part of the chromaticity distribution of the color gradation of Example 2. The conditions are the same as in the first embodiment. Compared with the first embodiment, the gradation change region is long and the inclination is gentle. That is, the condition is such that the color transition can be recognized in a wider range.

Example 3
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the illumination device of the third embodiment. In Example 3, it has 1st LED14, the board | substrate 13, and the reflector 11 as a 1st light source unit, and has 2nd LED24, the board | substrate 23, and the reflector 21 as a 2nd light source unit. . The emission surface of the first LED 14 is inclined by θ1 = 50 ° with respect to the vertical surface, and the emission surface of the second LED 24 is inclined by θ2 = 15 ° with respect to the vertical surface, so that the desired intensity distribution in the angular intensity distribution is obtained. A difference in peak position can be realized.

The lighting device of Example 3 has a bar-shaped housing (not shown) having a height of about 20 mm, a width of about 20 mm, and a length of about 140 mm, and there are 16 pieces of both the first LED 14 and the second LED 24. LEDs are arranged at intervals of 6.4 mm in the longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the paper surface), both emission surfaces are flat, the first LED is red with a wavelength of 640 nm, and the second LED is blue with a wavelength of 470 nm. The emission colors are as follows. In the present embodiment, the cover member 30 is formed by bending a flat plate into an L-shaped cross section, and a region 31 that transmits the emitted light beam of the first LED 14 and a region 32 that transmits the emitted light beam of the second LED 24. It has.

The cover member 30 has a diffusion function inside, and has a role of reducing the graininess of the LEDs 14 and 23 viewed from the outside and eliminating the unevenness of the irradiated surface. Even if a diffusion sheet or the like is arranged between the reflectors 11 and 21 to the cover member 30, the same effect can be obtained. However, by providing the cover member 30 with the function, the diffusion sheet and the like can be omitted, and the assemblability is improved. To do. A method of mixing particles or the like into the cover member 30 itself as the light emitting surface to have a diffusion function, or roughening the inside and outside can be selected as appropriate in consideration of design properties and optical performance.

As a feature of the optical system of the present embodiment, the central reflecting surface of the reflectors 11 and 21 between the LEDs 14 and 23 extends longer than the reflecting surface facing it, so that the light beams emitted from the respective LEDs 14 and 23 are emitted. In order not to irradiate each irradiation region too much, that is, the balance between a mixed region (AR1 in FIG. 15 to be described later) where light beams of a plurality of colors are mixed and a single color region (AR2 in FIG. 15) containing only a single color light beam is not lost. It has a shape like this. The opposing reflecting surfaces are short in order to satisfy the minimum optical performance and to reduce the size. Here, in the angular intensity distribution, when a light flux of less than 5% is mixed with respect to the peak intensity, it is regarded as a single color region having only a single color light flux.

As another feature of the optical system of the present embodiment, the cover member 30 divides the region 31 that transmits the light beam emitted from the first LED 14 and the region 32 that transmits the light beam emitted from the second LED 24. In addition, by providing an outgoing region to the outgoing luminous flux of each LED 14, 23, the luminance of the light emitting surface can be suppressed, and the entire device can be made thinner.

The simulation results of Example 3 are shown below. FIG. 15 is an angular intensity distribution diagram in the cross section of FIG. 6, where the vertical axis indicates the emission intensity, and the horizontal axis is the angle defined in FIG. 5. Conditions and the like are the same as in the first embodiment. In FIG. 15, the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the first LED 11 and collected by the reflector 11 is AD1, and the angular intensity distribution in the light beam emitted from the second LED 21 and collected by the reflector 21 is AD2. .

In FIG. 15, the intersection CP1 of the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2 is one point, that is, the angular position PCS is one point. The angular position PS1 = 10 ° where the intensity is highest in the angular intensity distribution AD1, the peak intensity PK1 = 9.8, and the angular position PS2 = 45 ° where the intensity is highest in the angular intensity distribution AD2. The peak intensity PK2 = 21.8, the angular position PCS of the intersection of the angular intensity distributions AD1 and AD2, PCS = 15 °, and the intensity SCS = 7.8. Therefore, 10 ° <15 ° <45 °, which satisfies the expression (1). Since SCS / PK1 = 0.80, the expression (2) is satisfied, and since SCS / PK2 = 0.358, the expression (3) is satisfied.

Further, in the angular intensity distribution AD1, the intensity SK1 = 3.8 at the angular position PS2, and in the angular intensity distribution AD2, the intensity SK2 = 6.2 at the angular position PS1, and SK1 / PK2 = 0.17 and SK2 / PK1, respectively. = 0.63, satisfying the expressions (4) and (5). Further, since PS2−PS1 = 35 °, the expression (7) is satisfied. Further, the minimum value MN1 = SK1 = 3.8 of the angular intensity distribution AD1 between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS2, and the minimum value MN2 of the angular intensity distribution AD2 between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS1 = Since SK2 = 0, MN1 / PK1 = 0.39 and MN2 / PK2 = 0.02 are satisfied, and the expressions (8) and (9) are satisfied.

FIG. 16 shows a part of the color gradation chromaticity distribution of Example 3. The conditions are the same as in the first embodiment. Compared with the first and second embodiments, the gradation change area is longer and the inclination is more gentle, so the gradation is very relaxed. In other words, the condition is such that the color transition can be recognized in a relaxed manner over a wider range.

In addition to the embodiments described above, LED groups may be arranged side by side as shown in FIG. FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b) are diagrams in which the irradiation area created by the light beam emitted from the optical system in FIG. For example, FIG. 17A shows the state of the irradiation area when LM1 to LM3 as LEDs are A color and LM4 and LM5 are B color, and FIG. 17B shows LM1 and LM2 are A color, The state of the irradiation area when LM3 to LM5 are the B color is shown. In this way, by changing the emission color of each light source group as appropriate, the angular intensity distribution can be easily changed and the ratio of the single color area / color change area can be changed to realize various beautiful gradations with simple methods and simple devices. As a result, you can create beautiful gradations with any combination of colors.

In the above embodiments, the bar shape is raised, but it is also possible to realize an annular (doughnut) shape or a wavy shape like a snake.

As in the embodiments described above, the optimum conditions for the gradation change region and the change method (gradient of chromaticity change) differ depending on the irradiated surface and the color of light emitted. It is necessary to tune to the specifications. It can be easily imagined that the shape (expansion) of the angular intensity distribution of each LED group changes depending on the condition of the surface to be irradiated, and that the size changes accordingly.

FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 according to another embodiment, omitting the substrate and the optical system. FIG. 18B is a view similar to FIG. 17 according to the present embodiment, but shown in a three-color lighting state. In the present embodiment, the light source LED 1 emits yellow outgoing light, the light source LED 2 adjacent to the light source LED 1 emits blue outgoing light, and the light source LED 3 adjacent to the light source LED 2 emits red outgoing light. . Here, the first light source and the second light source correspond to the light source LED 1 and the light source LED 2 when only the light source LED 3 is turned off (the red illumination in FIG. 18B is turned off), and only the light source LED 1 is turned off. The light source LED2 and the light source LED3 correspond to (the yellow illumination in FIG. 18B is turned off), and when only the light source LED2 is turned off (the blue illumination in FIG. 18B is turned off), the light source LED1 and the light source LED3 correspond to each. To do. That is, if the angular intensity distribution of the emitted light is an adjacent light source, the first light source and the second light source of the present invention can be obtained by satisfying the above equations (1) to (9). When this is applied to the case of four light sources (not shown), when the central two light sources are turned off, the two light sources that are lit at both ends are included in the scope of the present invention by satisfying this conditional expression. It is. The same applies to five or more cases.

Especially when lighting light sources with light emission colors that are close in hue, beautiful gradation illumination can be realized by simultaneously emitting three or more light sources that satisfy the above formulas (1) to (9) in all combinations. On the other hand, in the case of a light-emitting light source with a far hue, beautiful gradation illumination can be realized by turning on only two light sources so as to satisfy the expressions (1) to (9).

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples described in the present specification, and includes other examples and modifications, and includes the embodiments, examples, and technical ideas described in the present specification. To those skilled in the art.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st light source unit 11 Reflector 11a Reflective surface 11b Reflective surface 12 Aluminum heat sink 13 Board | substrate 15 Lens 20 2nd light source unit 21 Reflector 22 Aluminum heat sink 23 Board | substrate 25 Lens 30 Cover member 30a Diffusion part 100 Illuminating device 101 Case 101a opening 102 side plate

Claims (15)

A first light source that emits a first light beam, a first substrate to which the first light source is attached, and a first that has a condensing function for the first light beam emitted from the first light source. An optical system, a second light source that emits a second light beam, a second substrate on which the second light source is attached, and a second light beam emitted from the second light source. A second optical system having a function,
The longitudinal axes of the first substrate and the second substrate extend substantially in parallel,
The chromaticity of the first luminous flux is different from that of the second luminous flux,
The first light beam emitted from the first optical system and the second light emitted from the second optical system on a surface orthogonal to the axis of the first substrate or the second substrate. When each of the angular intensity distributions of the luminous flux is taken, the angular position where the intensity of the first luminous flux becomes highest is PS1, the intensity is PK1, and the angular position where the intensity of the second luminous flux becomes highest is PS2. And the intensity is PK2, the angle position of the intersection of the first light flux and the second light flux on the angular intensity distribution is PCS, and the intensity is SCS, the following equation is satisfied: A lighting device.
PS1 <PCS <PS2 (1)
0.2 ≦ SCS / PK1 ≦ 0.9 (2)
0.2 ≦ SCS / PK2 ≦ 0.9 (3) In the angular intensity distribution of the first light flux, when the intensity at the angular position PS2 is SK1, and in the angular intensity distribution of the second light flux, the intensity at the angular position PS1 is SK2, the following expression is satisfied. The lighting device according to claim 1.
SK1 / PK2 <0.5 (4)
SK2 / PK1 <0.5 (5) The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the angular position PCS is one point. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the following formula is satisfied.
20 ° ≦ PS2-PS1 ≦ 60 ° (7) The minimum value of the angular intensity distribution of the first light flux between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS2 is MN1, and the angular intensity of the second light flux between the angular position PCS and the angular position PS1. The illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the following expression is satisfied when a minimum value of the distribution is MN2.
MN1 / PK1 <0.2 (8)
MN2 / PK2 <0.2 (9) The illumination according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first light source and the second light source are LEDs, and the first optical system and the second optical system are integrally formed. apparatus. At least one of the first light source and the second light source has a plurality of light emitters that can independently emit light, and the light emitter that emits light is selected, whereby the first optical system and the first light source are selected. The illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the angular intensity distribution of a light beam emitted from at least one of the two optical systems can be changed. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first light source and the second light source include a plurality of LEDs arranged in a line on an elongated substrate. The illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one of the first optical system and the second optical system is at least one of a reflector and a lens. In a plane orthogonal to the axis of the first substrate or the second substrate, a peak ray passing through the angular position PS1 in the angular intensity distribution of the first light flux and the angular intensity distribution of the second light flux. 10. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein peak rays passing through the angular position PS2 cross each other. The illumination device is provided with a cover member that allows the first light beam emitted from the first optical system and the second light beam emitted from the second optical system to pass therethrough, and the first optical 11. The system according to claim 1, wherein when the scattering performance of the system is σa, the scattering performance of the second optical system is σb, and the scattering performance of the cover member is σc, the following formula is satisfied. The lighting device described in 1.
σa + σc ≦ 15 (°) (10)
σb + σc ≦ 15 (°) (11) The illuminating device of Claim 11 which satisfy | fills the following formula | equation.
σa <10 (°) (12)
σb <10 (°) (13) The illuminating device of Claim 11 which satisfy | fills the following formula | equation.
2 ≦ σa <10 (°) (14)
2 ≦ σb <10 (°) (15) The lighting device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, which satisfies the following expression.
σc <10 (°) (16) The lighting device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, which satisfies the following expression.
2 ≦ σc <10 (°) (17)

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