WO2015111682A1 - フィルム - Google Patents
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- WO2015111682A1 WO2015111682A1 PCT/JP2015/051766 JP2015051766W WO2015111682A1 WO 2015111682 A1 WO2015111682 A1 WO 2015111682A1 JP 2015051766 W JP2015051766 W JP 2015051766W WO 2015111682 A1 WO2015111682 A1 WO 2015111682A1
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- film
- methacrylic resin
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- methacrylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F20/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F20/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
- C08F2500/16—Syndiotactic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2333/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2469/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a film. More specifically, the present invention relates to a methacrylic resin containing a methacrylic resin and a polycarbonate resin, which has high transparency, a small retardation in the thickness direction, a small heat shrinkage ratio, a uniform thickness and excellent surface smoothness.
- the present invention relates to a film comprising the composition.
- Various kinds of resin films are used in the liquid crystal display device.
- triacetyl cellulose is mainly used for the polarizer protective film. Since the film made of triacetylcellulose has high moisture permeability, the quality of the polarizer tends to be lowered as the film becomes thinner. Improvement of the polarizer protective film is a problem in reducing the thickness of the liquid crystal display device.
- methacrylic resin has been studied as a material for a new polarizer protective film. It is known that toughness increases when a film made of methacrylic resin is stretched (see Patent Document 1). However, when an ordinary methacrylic resin film is stretched, the phase difference increases, and the IPS liquid crystal system causes a reduction in screen quality.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 It is known that a film having a small retardation can be easily obtained by adding a resin such as a polycarbonate resin to a methacrylic resin.
- a resin such as a polycarbonate resin
- methacrylic resin used in these methods is copolymerized with an aromatic vinyl monomer or an imide monomer in order to improve heat resistance, it is low in strength. Even if it is easy to break, it is not suitable as an optical film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a methacrylic resin comprising a methacrylic resin and a polycarbonate resin, which has high transparency, a small retardation in the thickness direction, a small heat shrinkage ratio, a uniform thickness and excellent surface smoothness. It is to provide a film comprising the composition.
- the tridentate syndiotacticity (rr) is 50% or more, the weight average molecular weight is 80,000 to 200,000, and the content of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate is 92% by mass or more.
- a methacrylic resin, 300 ° C., and a polycarbonate resin is a MVR value at 1.2Kg is 130 ⁇ 250cm 3/10 min,
- [2] The film according to [1], having a thickness of 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
- [3] The film according to [1] or [2], wherein the methacrylic resin has a syndiotacticity (rr) of 58% or more and 85% or less.
- [4] The film according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the content of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate is 99% by mass or more.
- [5] The film according to any one of [1] to [4], biaxially stretched 1.5 to 8 times in area ratio.
- a polarizer protective film comprising the film according to any one of [1] to [5].
- [7] A polarizing plate in which at least one polarizer protective film according to [6] is laminated.
- the film of the present invention has the following features. 1) Since the methacrylic resin and the polycarbonate resin are uniformly compatible in the nano order, the transparency is high. 2) Even if the film is stretched, the retardation in the thickness direction is small. 3) The heat shrinkage rate is small because of high heat resistance. 4) The thickness can be reduced. 5) Excellent in-plane uniformity even if thin. 6) Since it is difficult to thermally decompose and a wide range of film forming conditions can be selected, the surface smoothness is high.
- the film of the present invention having such features is applied to a polarizer protective film, a liquid crystal protective plate, a surface material for a portable information terminal, a display window protective film for a portable information terminal, a light guide film, a front plate for various displays, and the like. Is preferred.
- the film of the present invention is a film made of a methacrylic resin composition containing a methacrylic resin and a polycarbonate resin.
- the lower limit of the triplet syndiotacticity (rr) is 50%, preferably 55%, more preferably 58%, still more preferably 59%, most preferably 60%. It is.
- the upper limit of the triplet display syndiotacticity (rr) is preferably 99%, more preferably 85%, still more preferably 77%, and still more preferably 70. %, More preferably 65%, and most preferably 64%.
- a triplet display syndiotacticity (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “syndiotacticity (rr)”) is a chain of three consecutive structural units (triplet, triad).
- the two chains (doublet, dad) that are included are the ratio of racemo (denoted as rr).
- meo those having the same configuration
- racemo those opposite to each other
- m and r are expressed as m and r, respectively.
- the syndiotacticity (rr) (%) of the methacrylic resin is 0.6 to 0 when a 1 H-NMR spectrum is measured in deuterated chloroform at 30 ° C. and TMS is set to 0 ppm from the spectrum.
- the area (X) of the .95 ppm region and the area (Y) of the 0.6 to 1.35 ppm region can be measured and calculated by the formula: (X / Y) ⁇ 100.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention has a weight average molecular weight (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “Mw”) of preferably 80000 to 200000, more preferably 85000 to 16000, and still more preferably 90000 to 120,000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- rr syndiotacticity
- the resulting film has high strength, is difficult to break, and is easy to stretch. Therefore, the film can be made thinner.
- Mw is 200,000 or less
- the methacrylic resin since the methacrylic resin has improved moldability, the resulting film has a uniform thickness and excellent surface smoothness.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is a ratio of Mw to number average molecular weight (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “Mn”) (Mw / Mn: hereinafter, this value may be referred to as “molecular weight distribution”). However, it is preferably 1.2 to 2.0, more preferably 1.3 to 1.7. When the molecular weight distribution is 1.2 or more, the fluidity of the methacrylic resin is improved, and the resulting film tends to be excellent in surface smoothness. A film obtained by having a molecular weight distribution of 2.0 or less tends to be excellent in impact resistance and toughness.
- Mw and Mn are values obtained by converting a chromatogram measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) into a molecular weight of standard polystyrene.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention has a melt flow rate of preferably 0.1 to 5 g / 10 min, more preferably 0, as measured under conditions of 230 ° C. and 3.8 kg load in accordance with JIS K7210. 0.5-4 g / 10 min, most preferably 1.0-3 g / 10 min.
- the content of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate is 92% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass, based on the mass of the methacrylic resin, from the viewpoint of heat resistance of the obtained film. % Or more, more preferably 97% by mass or more, particularly preferably 99% by mass or more, and most preferably 100% by mass.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention may contain a structural unit other than the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate, for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-acrylic acid 2- Acrylic acid alkyl esters such as ethylhexyl; acrylic acid aryl esters such as phenyl acrylate; acrylic acid cycloalkyl esters such as cyclohexyl acrylate and norbornenyl acrylate; acrylamide; methacrylamide; acrylonitrile; methacrylonitrile; Examples include structural units derived from vinyl monomers having only one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond in one molecule.
- the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 123 ° C. or higher, and still more preferably 124 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin is usually 130 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature can be controlled by adjusting the molecular weight and syndiotacticity (rr). When the glass transition temperature is in this range, deformation such as heat shrinkage of the obtained film is difficult to occur.
- the method for producing the methacrylic resin is not particularly limited.
- a known polymerization method such as radical polymerization method or anion polymerization method
- by adjusting the polymerization temperature, polymerization time, type and amount of chain transfer agent, type and amount of polymerization initiator, Mw, high molecular weight component , A ratio of low molecular weight components, syndiotacticity (rr), and the like can satisfy the range defined by the present invention.
- the polymerization temperature is preferably 80 ° C. or lower, more preferably 70 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 60 ° C. or lower. By adjusting the temperature in this way, it is easy to increase the syndiotacticity (rr).
- alkyllithium such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, isobutyllithium, or tert-butyllithium
- organoaluminum compound coexist from a viewpoint of productivity.
- organoaluminum the following formula: AlR 1 R 2 R 3 Wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl which may have a substituent.
- R 2 And R 3 may be an aryleneoxy group optionally having a substituent formed by bonding each other.
- the compound shown by these is mentioned. Specifically, isobutylbis (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) aluminum, isobutylbis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxy) aluminum, isobutyl [2,2′-methylenebis ( 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenoxy)] aluminum and the like.
- an ether or a nitrogen-containing compound can coexist in order to control the polymerization reaction.
- the amount is preferably smaller than the amount of the polymerization initiator during the polymerization reaction, specifically, preferably 1 mol% to 50 mol with respect to the amount of the polymerization initiator. %, More preferably 2 mol% to 20 mol%, more preferably 5 mol% to 10 mol% of a polymerization terminator, or relative to the amount of the polymerization initiator initially added during the polymerization reaction.
- the weight average molecular weight is adjusted by adding an additional polymerization initiator, preferably 1 mol% to 50 mol%, more preferably 2 mol% to 20 mol%, and even more preferably 5 mol% to 10 mol%. it can.
- the weight average molecular weight, syndiotacticity (rr), and the like are all mixed by appropriately mixing a plurality of methacrylic resins whose characteristics are outside the range defined by the present invention.
- examples thereof include a method for obtaining a methacrylic resin having properties such as average molecular weight and syndiotacticity (rr) that satisfy the ranges defined in the present invention. Such a method is easy to manage the process.
- the mixing of a plurality of types of methacrylic resins can be carried out using a known method, for example, a melt kneading apparatus such as a kneader ruder, an extruder, a mixing roll, or a Banbury mixer.
- a melt kneading apparatus such as a kneader ruder, an extruder, a mixing roll, or a Banbury mixer.
- the temperature at the time of kneading can be appropriately adjusted according to the melting temperature of the methacrylic resin to be used, and is usually 150 ° C. to 300 ° C.
- the monomer is polymerized in the presence of a methacrylic resin whose one of the characteristics is out of the range defined by the present invention, whereby the weight average molecular weight, syndiotacticity (rr)
- a method for producing a methacrylic resin satisfying the range defined by the present invention can be performed in the same manner as the radical polymerization method and the anion polymerization method described above.
- the production method by polymerizing a monomer in the presence of a methacrylic resin having any of the characteristics of the present invention that is not specified depends on the methacrylic resin as compared with a method of producing by mixing a plurality of types of methacrylic resins. Since the heat history is shortened, thermal decomposition of the methacrylic resin is suppressed, and a film with little coloring and foreign matter is easily obtained.
- a method of producing a methacrylic resin whose characteristics satisfy a specified range by an anionic polymerization method A method for producing a methacrylic resin whose characteristics satisfy a specified range by mixing a methacrylic resin produced by radical polymerization and a methacrylic resin produced by an anionic polymerization method and another anionic polymerization method
- a method of producing a methacrylic resin whose characteristics satisfy the specified range of the present invention by mixing with the methacrylic resin thus prepared is preferable, and a methacrylic resin produced by anionic polymerization and a methacrylic resin produced by radical polymerization are mixed. Therefore, the characteristics satisfy the specified range of the present invention.
- Process for producing a resin is more preferable.
- the polycarbonate resin used in the present invention is a polymer obtained by a reaction between a polyfunctional hydroxy compound and a carbonate ester-forming compound.
- the polycarbonate resin is preferably an aromatic polycarbonate resin from the viewpoint of compatibility with the methacrylic resin and good transparency of the resulting film.
- Polycarbonate resin used in the present invention the compatibility of methacrylic resin, in view of transparency and in-plane uniformity of the resulting film as well, 300 ° C., MVR value at 1.2Kg is, 130 ⁇ 250cm 3/10 min, preferably 150 ⁇ 230cm 3/10 min, more preferably 180 ⁇ 220cm 3/10 min.
- the polycarbonate resin used in the present invention has a weight average molecular weight obtained by converting a chromatogram measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) into a molecular weight of standard polystyrene, preferably 15000-28000, more preferably 18000-27000, Preferably it is 20000-24000.
- the MVR value and the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin can be adjusted by adjusting the amounts of the end terminator and the branching agent.
- the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin used in the present invention is preferably 130 ° C. or higher, more preferably 135 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 140 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin is usually 180 ° C.
- the method for producing the aromatic polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include a phosgene method (interfacial polymerization method) and a melt polymerization method (transesterification method).
- the aromatic polycarbonate resin preferably used in the present invention may be obtained by subjecting a polycarbonate resin raw material produced by a melt polymerization method to a treatment for adjusting the amount of terminal hydroxy groups.
- Polyfunctional hydroxy compounds that are raw materials for producing polycarbonate resins include 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls optionally having substituents; bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes optionally having substituents Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethers optionally having substituents; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfides optionally having substituents; bis optionally having substituents (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxides; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfones optionally having substituents; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ketones optionally having substituents; Optionally substituted bis (hydroxyphenyl) fluorenes; optionally substituted dihydroxy-p-terphenyls; Dihydroxy-p-quaterphenyls which may be substituted; bis (hydroxyphenyl) pyrazines which may have a substituent; bis (hydroxyphenyl) menthanes which may have a substituent; Bis [2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-propy
- Examples of the carbonate-forming compound include various dihalogenated carbonyls such as phosgene, haloformates such as chloroformate, and carbonate esters such as bisaryl carbonate.
- the amount of the carbonate ester-forming compound may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the stoichiometric ratio (equivalent) of the reaction.
- the reaction is usually performed in a solvent in the presence of an acid binder.
- acid binders include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, and cesium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, Tertiary amines such as N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, pyridine, dimethylaniline, trimethylbenzylammonium chloride, triethylbenzylammonium chloride, tributylbenzylammonium chloride, trioctylmethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide Quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts such as tetrabutylphosphonium chloride, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide, etc.
- an antioxidant such as sodium sulfite or hydrosulfide may be added to this reaction system.
- the amount of the acid binder may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the stoichiometric ratio (equivalent) of the reaction. Specifically, one equivalent or an excess amount, preferably 1 to 5 equivalents of an acid binder may be used per mole of hydroxyl group of the starting polyfunctional hydroxy compound.
- End-termination agents include p-tert-butyl-phenol, p-phenylphenol, p-cumylphenol, p-perfluorononylphenol, p- (perfluorononylphenyl) phenol, p- (perfluoroxylphenyl) phenol P-tert-perfluorobutylphenol, 1- (P-hydroxybenzyl) perfluorodecane, p- [2- (1H, 1H-perfluorotridodecyloxy) -1,1,1,3,3,3- Hexafluoropropyl] phenol, 3,5-bis (perfluorohexyloxycarbonyl) phenol, perfluorododecyl p-hydroxybenzoate, p- (1H, 1H-perfluorooctyloxy) phenol, 2H, 2H, 9H-per Fluorononanoic acid, 1,1,
- branching agents include phloroglysin, pyrogallol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-heptene, 2,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tris (4- Hydroxyphenyl) -3-heptene, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4,6-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane, 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzene, 1,3,5- Tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) benzene, 1,1,1-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) phenylmethane, 2,2-bis [4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ) Cyclohexyl] propane, 2,4-bis [2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-propyl] phenol, 2,6-bis (2-hydroxy) 5-methylbenzyl) -4-methylphenol, 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl)
- the polycarbonate resin may contain a unit having a polyester, polyurethane, polyether or polysiloxane structure in addition to the polycarbonate unit.
- the mass ratio of methacrylic resin / polycarbonate resin contained in the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention is 91/9 to 99/1, more preferably 94/6 to 98/2.
- the total amount of the methacrylic resin and the polycarbonate resin contained in the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention is 80 to 100% by mass, preferably 90 to 100% by mass, more preferably 94 to 100% by mass, and still more preferably. It is 96 to 100% by mass.
- the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention may contain a filler as necessary within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
- the filler include calcium carbonate, talc, carbon black, titanium oxide, silica, clay, barium sulfate, and magnesium carbonate.
- the amount of filler that can be contained in the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is preferably 3% by mass or less, more preferably 1.5% by mass or less.
- the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention may contain other polymers as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Other polymers include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1, poly-4-methylpentene-1 and polynorbornene; ethylene ionomers; polystyrene, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, high impact polystyrene, Styrenic resins such as AS resin, ABS resin, AES resin, AAS resin, ACS resin, MBS resin; methyl methacrylate polymer, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer; polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate; nylon 6 , Polyamides such as nylon 66 and polyamide elastomer; polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyacetal, poly
- the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention includes an antioxidant, a thermal degradation inhibitor, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, a mold release agent, and a polymer processing aid as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- additives such as antistatic agents, flame retardants, dyes and pigments, light diffusing agents, organic dyes, matting agents, impact resistance modifiers, and phosphors may be contained.
- the antioxidant alone has an effect of preventing oxidative deterioration of the resin in the presence of oxygen.
- Examples thereof include phosphorus antioxidants, hindered phenol antioxidants, and thioether antioxidants.
- phosphorus-based antioxidants and hindered phenol-based antioxidants are preferable, and the combined use of phosphorus-based antioxidants and hindered phenol-based antioxidants is more preferable.
- a phosphorus antioxidant and a hindered phenol antioxidant are used in combination, it is preferable to use a phosphorus antioxidant / hindered phenol antioxidant at a mass ratio of 0.2 / 1 to 2/1. It is preferable to use 0.5 / 1 to 1/1.
- Examples of phosphorus antioxidants include 2,2-methylenebis (4,6-di-t-butylphenyl) octyl phosphite (manufactured by ADEKA; trade name: ADK STAB HP-10), tris (2,4-di-tert) -Butylphenyl) phosphite (manufactured by BASF; trade name: IRGAFOS168), 3,9-bis (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) -2,4,8,10-tetraoxa3 9-diphosphaspiro [5.5] undecane (manufactured by ADEKA; trade name: ADK STAB PEP-36) is preferable.
- pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (manufactured by BASF; trade name IRGANOX1010)
- octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (manufactured by BASF; trade name IRGANOX1076) is preferred.
- the thermal degradation inhibitor can prevent thermal degradation of the resin by trapping polymer radicals that are generated when exposed to high heat in a substantially oxygen-free state.
- the thermal degradation inhibitor include 2-t-butyl-6- (3′-tert-butyl-5′-methyl-hydroxybenzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .; trade name Sumilizer GM), 2,4-di-t-amyl-6- (3 ′, 5′-di-tert-amyl-2′-hydroxy- ⁇ -methylbenzyl) phenyl acrylate (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .; trade name Sumilyzer GS) is preferable. .
- the ultraviolet absorber is a compound having an ability to absorb ultraviolet rays, and is mainly said to have a function of converting light energy into heat energy.
- the ultraviolet absorber include benzophenones, benzotriazoles, triazines, benzoates, salicylates, cyanoacrylates, succinic anilides, malonic esters, formamidines, and the like.
- benzotriazoles, triazines, or ultraviolet absorbers having a maximum molar extinction coefficient ⁇ max at a wavelength of 380 to 450 nm of 100 dm 3 ⁇ mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 or less are preferable.
- Benzotriazoles are preferable as ultraviolet absorbers used when the film of the present invention is applied to optical applications because it has a high effect of suppressing deterioration of optical properties such as coloring due to ultraviolet irradiation.
- benzotriazoles include 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol (manufactured by BASF; trade name TINUVIN329), 2- (2H- Benzotriazol-2-yl) -4,6-bis (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) phenol (manufactured by BASF; trade name TINUVIN234), 2,2′-methylenebis [4-t-octyl-6- ( 2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol] (manufactured by ADEKA; LA-31), 2- (5-octylthio-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -6-t-butyl-4-methyl
- an ultraviolet absorber having a maximum molar extinction coefficient ⁇ max at wavelengths of 380 to 450 nm of 1200 dm 3 ⁇ mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 or less can suppress discoloration of the resulting film.
- ultraviolet absorbers include 2-ethyl-2′-ethoxy-oxalanilide (manufactured by Clariant Japan; trade name Sundebore VSU).
- benzotriazoles are preferably used from the viewpoint of suppressing resin degradation due to ultraviolet irradiation.
- a triazine UV absorber is preferably used.
- examples of such an ultraviolet absorber include 2,4,6-tris (2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxy-3-methylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine (manufactured by ADEKA; LA-F70), hydroxy Examples thereof include phenyl triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers (manufactured by BASF; TINUVIN 477 and TINUVIN 460) and 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine.
- WO2011 / 089794A1 WO2012 / 124395A1, JP2012-012476, JP2013-023461, JP2013-112790
- Metal complexes having a heterocyclic ligand disclosed in JP2013-194037, JP2014-62228, JP2014-88542, JP2014-88543, and the like for example, A compound having a structure represented by the formula (A) is preferably used as the ultraviolet absorber.
- M is a metal atom.
- Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 are each independently a divalent group other than a carbon atom (oxygen atom, sulfur atom, NH, NR 5 etc.).
- R 5 is each independently a substituent such as an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a heteroaralkyl group, an araryl group. The substituent may further have a substituent on the substituent.
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently a trivalent group (nitrogen atom, CH, CR 6 etc.).
- R 6 is independently a substituent such as an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a heteroaralkyl group, and an araryl group.
- the substituent may further have a substituent on the substituent.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, alkoxyl group, halogeno group, alkylsulfonyl group, monophorinosulfonyl group, piperidinosulfonyl group, thio Substituents such as a morpholinosulfonyl group and a piperazinosulfonyl group.
- the substituent may further have a substituent on the substituent.
- a, b, c and d each represent the number of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 and are any integer of 1 to 4; ]
- Examples of the ligand of the heterocyclic structure include 2,2′-iminobisbenzothiazole, 2- (2-benzothiazolylamino) benzoxazole, 2- (2-benzothiazolylamino) benzimidazole, ( 2-benzothiazolyl) (2-benzimidazolyl) methane, bis (2-benzoxazolyl) methane, bis (2-benzothiazolyl) methane, bis [2- (N-substituted) benzimidazolyl] methane, and their derivatives .
- As the central metal of such a metal complex copper, nickel, cobalt, and zinc are preferably used.
- the metal complexes In order to use these metal complexes as ultraviolet absorbers, it is preferable to disperse the metal complexes in a medium such as a low molecular compound or a polymer.
- the addition amount of the metal complex is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the film of the present invention. Since the metal complex has a large molar extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 380 nm to 400 nm, the amount to be added is small in order to obtain a sufficient ultraviolet absorption effect. When the amount added is small, deterioration of the appearance of the molded article due to bleeding out or the like can be suppressed. Moreover, since the metal complex has high heat resistance, there is little deterioration and decomposition during molding. Furthermore, since the metal complex has high light resistance, the ultraviolet absorption performance can be maintained for a long time.
- the maximum value ⁇ max of the molar extinction coefficient of the ultraviolet absorber is measured as follows. Add 10.00 mg of UV absorber to 1 L of cyclohexane and dissolve it so that there is no undissolved material by visual observation. This solution is poured into a 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 3 cm quartz glass cell, and the absorbance at a wavelength of 380 to 450 nm and an optical path length of 1 cm is measured using a U-3410 spectrophotometer manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. The maximum value ⁇ max of the molar extinction coefficient is calculated from the molecular weight (M UV ) of the ultraviolet absorber and the maximum value (A max ) of the measured absorbance according to the following formula.
- the light stabilizer is a compound that is said to have a function of capturing radicals generated mainly by oxidation by light.
- Suitable light stabilizers include hindered amines such as compounds having a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine skeleton.
- lubricant examples include stearic acid, behenic acid, stearamide acid, methylene bisstearamide, hydroxystearic acid triglyceride, paraffin wax, ketone wax, octyl alcohol, and hardened oil.
- the mold release agent is a compound having a function of facilitating mold release from a mold.
- the release agent include higher alcohols such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol; glycerin higher fatty acid esters such as stearic acid monoglyceride and stearic acid diglyceride.
- the mass ratio of higher alcohols / glycerin fatty acid monoester is preferably 2.5 / 1 to 3.5 / 1, and preferably 2.8. More preferably, it is used in the range of / 1 to 3.2 / 1.
- the polymer processing aid is a polymer particle having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.5 ⁇ m, which can be usually produced by an emulsion polymerization method.
- the polymer particles may be single layer particles composed of polymers having a single composition ratio and single intrinsic viscosity, or multilayer particles composed of two or more kinds of polymers having different composition ratios or intrinsic viscosities. May be. Among these, particles having a two-layer structure having a polymer layer having a low intrinsic viscosity in the inner layer and a polymer layer having a high intrinsic viscosity of 5 dl / g or more in the outer layer are preferable.
- the polymer processing aid preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 3 to 6 dl / g.
- the impact modifier examples include a core-shell type modifier containing acrylic rubber or diene rubber as a core layer component; a modifier containing a plurality of rubber particles, and the like.
- the organic dye a compound having a function of converting ultraviolet rays that are harmful to the resin into visible light is preferably used.
- the light diffusing agent and matting agent include glass fine particles, polysiloxane-based crosslinked fine particles, crosslinked polymer fine particles, talc, calcium carbonate, and barium sulfate.
- the phosphor examples include a fluorescent pigment, a fluorescent dye, a fluorescent white dye, a fluorescent brightener, and a fluorescent bleach.
- additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, these additives may be added to the polymerization reaction liquid when producing a methacrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin, or may be added to the produced methacrylic resin or the polycarbonate resin, or a methacrylic resin composition may be added. It may be added during preparation.
- the total amount of additives contained in the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention is preferably 7% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the methacrylic resin, from the viewpoint of suppressing poor appearance of the film. More preferably, it is 4 mass% or less.
- the method for preparing the methacrylic resin composition is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include a method of polymerizing a monomer mixture containing methyl methacrylate in the presence of a polycarbonate resin to produce a methacrylic resin, a method of melt-kneading a methacrylic resin and a polycarbonate resin, and the like. Among these, the melt-kneading method is preferable because the process is simple. When melt-kneading, other polymers and additives may be mixed as necessary, methacrylic resin may be mixed with other polymers and additives, and then mixed with polycarbonate resin. The resin may be mixed with methacrylic resin after being mixed with other polymers and additives.
- the kneading can be performed using, for example, a known mixing apparatus or kneading apparatus such as a kneader ruder, an extruder, a mixing roll, or a Banbury mixer. Of these, a twin screw extruder is preferred.
- the temperature at the time of mixing and kneading can be appropriately adjusted according to the melting temperature of the methacrylic resin and polycarbonate resin used, but is preferably 110 ° C to 300 ° C.
- the methacrylic resin composition prepared by the above method can be formed into a film in any form such as pellets, granules, and powders.
- the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention is preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 123 ° C. or higher, and still more preferably 124 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 130 ° C.
- the Mw determined by measuring the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention by GPC is preferably 70,000 to 200,000, more preferably 72,000 to 160000, and further preferably 75,000 to 120,000.
- the molecular weight distribution determined by measuring the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention by GPC is preferably 1.2 to 2.5, more preferably 1.3 to 2.0. When the Mw and molecular weight distribution are in this range, the moldability of the methacrylic resin composition becomes good, and it becomes easy to obtain a molded article excellent in impact resistance and toughness.
- the melt flow rate determined by measuring the methacrylic resin composition used in the present invention under the conditions of 230 ° C. and 3.8 kg load is preferably 0.1 to 6 g / 10 minutes, more preferably 0.5 to 5 g. / 10 minutes, most preferably 1.0 to 3 g / 10 minutes.
- the haze having a thickness of 3.2 mm is preferably 3.0% or less, more preferably 2.0% or less, and further preferably 1.5% or less.
- the film of the present invention is not particularly limited by the production method.
- the film of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by forming the methacrylic resin composition by a known method such as a solution casting method, a melt casting method, an extrusion molding method, an inflation molding method, or a blow molding method. it can. Of these, the extrusion method is preferred. According to the extrusion method, a film having excellent transparency, improved toughness, excellent handleability, and excellent balance between toughness, surface hardness, and rigidity can be obtained.
- the temperature of the methacrylic resin composition discharged from the extruder is preferably set to 160 to 270 ° C., more preferably 220 to 260 ° C.
- the methacrylic resin composition is extruded from a T-die in a molten state, and then it is applied to two or more specular surfaces.
- a method including forming by sandwiching with a roll or a mirror belt is preferable.
- the mirror roll or the mirror belt is preferably made of metal.
- the linear pressure between the pair of mirror rolls or the mirror belt is preferably 10 N / mm or more, more preferably 30 N / mm or more.
- the surface temperature of the mirror roll or the mirror belt is preferably 130 ° C. or less.
- the pair of mirror rolls or mirror belts preferably have at least one surface temperature of 60 ° C. or higher. When such a surface temperature is set, the methacrylic resin composition discharged from the extruder can be cooled at a faster rate than natural cooling, and the film of the present invention having excellent surface smoothness and low haze is produced. Easy to do.
- the film of the present invention may be subjected to a stretching treatment.
- a stretching treatment By the stretching treatment, a film that has high mechanical strength and is difficult to crack can be obtained.
- the stretching method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include uniaxial stretching, simultaneous biaxial stretching, sequential biaxial stretching, and tuber stretching.
- the temperature during stretching is preferably from 100 to 200 ° C., more preferably from 120 to 160 ° C. from the viewpoint that uniform stretching can be performed and a high-strength film can be obtained. Stretching is usually performed at 100 to 5000% / min on a length basis. A film with less heat shrinkage can be obtained by heat setting after stretching.
- the amount of the methacrylic resin contained therein is preferably 73 to 99% by mass, more preferably 80 to 97% by mass, more preferably from the viewpoint of transparency and small retardation in the thickness direction. Preferably, it is 85 to 95% by mass.
- the amount of the polycarbonate resin contained therein is preferably 1 to 9% by mass, more preferably 2 to 7% by mass, and still more preferably from the viewpoint that the retardation in the thickness direction is small. Is 3 to 6% by mass.
- the thickness of the film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but when used as an optical film, the thickness is preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 15 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the film of the present invention has a haze at a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, preferably 0.2% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less. Thereby, it is excellent in surface glossiness and transparency. Further, in optical applications such as a liquid crystal protective film and a light guide film, the use efficiency of the light source is preferably increased. Furthermore, it is preferable because it is excellent in shaping accuracy when performing surface shaping.
- the film of the present invention has an in-plane retardation Re for light having a wavelength of 590 nm and a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m, it is preferably 5 nm or less, more preferably 4 nm or less, still more preferably 3 nm or less, particularly preferably 2 nm or less, Most preferably, it is 1 nm or less.
- the film of the present invention has a thickness direction retardation Rth with respect to light having a wavelength of 590 nm, preferably -5 nm or more and 5 nm or less, more preferably -4 nm or more and 4 nm or less, more preferably -3 nm or more when the film thickness is 40 ⁇ m.
- the in-plane direction phase difference Re and the thickness direction phase difference Rth are values defined by the following equations, respectively.
- nx is the refractive index in the slow axis direction of the film
- ny is the refractive index in the fast axis direction of the film
- nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction of the film
- d (nm) is the film. Is the thickness.
- the slow axis refers to the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximized
- the fast axis refers to the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the plane.
- a polarizer protective film Since the film of the present invention has high transparency, high heat resistance, small phase difference, and thin, a polarizer protective film, a liquid crystal protective plate, a surface material for a portable information terminal, a display window protective film for a portable information terminal It is suitable for a light guide film, a transparent conductive film coated with silver nanowires or carbon nanotubes on the surface, and for use as a front plate for various displays. In particular, since the film of the present invention has a small retardation, it is suitable for a polarizer protective film. Since the film of the present invention has high transparency and heat resistance, IR cut film, crime prevention film, anti-scattering film, decorative film, metal decorative film, solar cell back sheet, flexible solar, etc. can be used for applications other than optical applications. It can be used for a battery front sheet, a shrink film, and an in-mold label film.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention includes at least one polarizer protective film of the present invention.
- a polarizer formed from a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and the polarizer protective film of the present invention are laminated via an adhesive layer.
- the polarizing plate includes an adhesive layer 12, an easy-adhesion layer 13, and the polarizer protective film 14 of the present invention on one surface of a polarizer 11.
- the adhesive layer 15 and the optical film 16 are laminated in this order on the other surface of the polarizer 11.
- the polarizer formed from the polyvinyl alcohol resin is obtained by, for example, dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol resin film with a dichroic substance (typically iodine or a dichroic dye) and uniaxially stretching the film.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is formed by any suitable method (for example, casting method, casting method, extrusion method for casting a solution obtained by dissolving a resin in water or an organic solvent). Can be obtained.
- the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is preferably 100 to 5000, and more preferably 1400 to 4000.
- the thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film used for the polarizer can be appropriately set according to the purpose and application of the LCD in which the polarizing plate is used, but is typically 5 to 80 ⁇ m.
- any appropriate method can be adopted depending on the purpose, materials used, conditions, and the like.
- a method is employed in which the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is subjected to a series of production steps including swelling, dyeing, crosslinking, stretching, washing with water, and drying steps.
- the treatment is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in a bath containing a solution used in each step.
- the order, frequency, and presence / absence of each treatment of swelling, dyeing, crosslinking, stretching, washing with water, and drying can be appropriately set according to the purpose, materials used, conditions, and the like.
- the stretching process may be performed after the dyeing process, may be performed before the dyeing process, or may be performed simultaneously with the swelling process, the dyeing process, and the crosslinking process. Further, for example, it can be suitably employed to perform the crosslinking treatment before and after the stretching treatment. Further, for example, the water washing process may be performed after all the processes, or may be performed only after a specific process.
- the swelling step is typically performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a treatment bath (swelling bath) filled with water.
- a treatment bath shallowing bath
- dirt on the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film and an anti-blocking agent can be washed, and unevenness such as uneven dyeing can be prevented by swelling the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film.
- Glycerin, potassium iodide, or the like can be appropriately added to the swelling bath.
- the temperature of the swelling bath is typically about 20 to 60 ° C., and the immersion time in the swelling bath is typically about 0.1 to 10 minutes.
- the dyeing step is typically performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in a treatment bath (dye bath) containing a dichroic substance such as iodine.
- a dichroic substance such as iodine.
- Water is generally used as the solvent in the dye bath solution, but an appropriate amount of an organic solvent compatible with water may be added.
- the dichroic substance is typically used at a ratio of 0.1 to 1.0 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solvent.
- the dye bath solution preferably further contains an auxiliary agent such as iodide. This is because the dyeing efficiency is improved.
- the auxiliary agent is preferably used in a ratio of 0.02 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solvent.
- iodide include potassium iodide, lithium iodide, sodium iodide, zinc iodide, aluminum iodide, lead iodide, copper iodide, barium iodide, calcium iodide, tin iodide, and iodide. Titanium is mentioned.
- the temperature of the dyeing bath is typically about 20 to 70 ° C., and the immersion time in the dyeing bath is typically about 1 to 20 minutes.
- the crosslinking step is typically performed by immersing the dyed polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a treatment bath (crosslinking bath) containing a crosslinking agent.
- a crosslinking agent Arbitrary appropriate crosslinking agents can be employ
- Specific examples of the crosslinking agent include boron compounds such as boric acid and borax, glyoxal, and glutaraldehyde. These can be used alone or in combination.
- the solvent used for the solution of the crosslinking bath water is generally used, but an appropriate amount of an organic solvent having compatibility with water may be added.
- the crosslinking agent is typically used in a ratio of 1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solvent.
- the solution of the crosslinking bath preferably further contains an auxiliary agent such as iodide. This is because it is easy to obtain uniform characteristics in the plane.
- the concentration of the auxiliary agent is preferably 0.05 to 15% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 8.0% by weight. Specific examples of iodide are the same as those in the dyeing process.
- the temperature of the crosslinking bath is typically about 20 to 70 ° C., preferably 40 to 60 ° C.
- the immersion time in the crosslinking bath is typically about 1 second to 15 minutes, preferably 5 seconds to 10 minutes.
- the stretching step may be performed at any stage as described above. Specifically, it may be performed after the dyeing process, may be performed before the dyeing process, may be performed simultaneously with the swelling process, the dyeing process, and the crosslinking process, or may be performed after the crosslinking process.
- the cumulative draw ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film needs to be 5 times or more, preferably 5 to 7 times, more preferably 5 to 6.5 times. When the cumulative draw ratio is less than 5 times, it may be difficult to obtain a polarizing plate with a high degree of polarization. When the cumulative draw ratio exceeds 7 times, the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film (polarizer) may be easily broken. Arbitrary appropriate methods may be employ
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is stretched at a predetermined magnification in a treatment bath (stretching bath).
- a solution in which various metal salts, iodine, boron or zinc compounds are added to a solvent such as water or an organic solvent (for example, ethanol) is preferably used.
- the water washing step is typically performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film subjected to the above-described various treatments in a treatment bath (water washing bath). An unnecessary residue of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film can be washed away by the water washing step.
- the washing bath may be pure water or an aqueous solution of iodide (for example, potassium iodide or sodium iodide).
- the concentration of the aqueous iodide solution is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass.
- An auxiliary agent such as zinc sulfate or zinc chloride may be added to the aqueous iodide solution.
- the temperature of the washing bath is preferably 10 to 60 ° C., more preferably 30 to 40 ° C.
- the immersion time is typically 1 second to 1 minute.
- the water washing step may be performed only once, or may be performed a plurality of times as necessary. When implemented several times, the kind and density
- the water washing step includes a step of immersing the polymer film in an aqueous potassium iodide solution (0.1 to 10% by mass of 10 to 60 ° C.) for 1 second to 1 minute, and a step of rinsing with pure water.
- drying step Any appropriate drying method (for example, natural drying, air drying, heat drying) can be adopted as the drying step.
- heat drying the drying temperature is typically 20 to 80 ° C., and the drying time is typically 1 to 10 minutes.
- a polarizer is obtained as described above.
- the adhesive layer that can be provided on the polarizing plate of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is optically transparent.
- an adhesive constituting the adhesive layer for example, a water-based adhesive, a solvent-based adhesive, a hot-melt adhesive, a UV curable adhesive, or the like can be used. Of these, water-based adhesives and UV curable adhesives are preferred.
- the water-based adhesive is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a vinyl polymer, gelatin, vinyl latex, polyurethane, isocyanate, polyester, and epoxy.
- a catalyst such as a crosslinking agent, other additives, and an acid can be blended as necessary.
- an adhesive containing a vinyl polymer is preferably used, and the vinyl polymer is preferably a polyvinyl alcohol resin.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin can contain a water-soluble crosslinking agent such as boric acid, borax, glutaraldehyde, melamine, or oxalic acid.
- aqueous adhesive is usually used as an adhesive made of an aqueous solution, and usually contains 0.5 to 60% by weight of a solid content.
- the adhesive may contain a metal compound filler.
- the fluidity of the adhesive layer can be controlled by the metal compound filler, the film thickness can be stabilized, a good appearance can be obtained, and a polarizing plate with uniform in-plane and no adhesive variation can be obtained.
- the method for forming the adhesive layer is not particularly limited. For example, it can be formed by applying the adhesive to an object and then heating or drying.
- coating of an adhesive agent may be performed with respect to the polarizer protective film or optical film of this invention, and may be performed with respect to a polarizer.
- the polarizer protective film or the optical film and the polarizer can be pressed together to laminate them. In the lamination, a roll press machine or a flat plate press machine can be used.
- the heating and drying temperature and drying time are appropriately determined according to the type of adhesive.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 to 5 ⁇ m in the dry state.
- the easy-adhesion layer that can be provided on the polarizing plate of the present invention improves the adhesion of the surface where the polarizer protective film and the polarizer are in contact.
- the easy adhesion layer can be provided by an easy adhesion treatment or the like. Examples of the easy adhesion treatment include surface treatment such as corona treatment, plasma treatment, and low-pressure UV treatment.
- the easy adhesion layer can be provided by a method of forming an anchor layer or a combination of the surface treatment and the method of forming an anchor layer. Among these, a corona treatment, a method of forming an anchor layer, and a method of using these in combination are preferable.
- the anchor layer examples include a silicone layer having a reactive functional group.
- the material of the silicone layer having a reactive functional group is not particularly limited.
- the adhesive strength can be strengthened.
- other additives include tackifiers such as terpene resins, phenol resins, terpene-phenol resins, rosin resins, and xylene resins; stabilizers such as ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, and heat stabilizers.
- the layer which consists of what saponified cellulose acetate butyrate resin as an anchor layer is also mentioned.
- the anchor layer is formed by coating and drying by a known technique.
- the thickness of the anchor layer is preferably 1 to 100 nm, more preferably 10 to 50 nm in a dry state.
- the anchor layer forming chemical may be diluted with a solvent.
- the dilution solvent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alcohols.
- the dilution concentration is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 1 to 3% by weight.
- the optical film 16 may be the polarizer protective film of the present invention, or any other appropriate optical film.
- the optical film used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include films made of cellulose resin, polycarbonate resin, cyclic polyolefin resin, methacrylic resin, and the like.
- Cellulose resin is an ester of cellulose and fatty acid.
- Specific examples of the cellulose ester resin include cellulose triacetate, cellulose diacetate, cellulose tripropionate, and cellulose dipropionate. Among these, cellulose triacetate is particularly preferable.
- Many products of cellulose triacetate are commercially available, which is advantageous in terms of availability and cost. Examples of commercially available cellulose triacetate products are trade names “UV-50”, “UV-80”, “SH-80”, “TD-80U”, “TD-TAC”, “UZ-” manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation. TAC ”,“ KC series ”manufactured by Konica Minolta, and the like.
- the cyclic polyolefin resin is a general term for resins that are polymerized using a cyclic olefin as a polymerization unit, and is described in, for example, JP-A-1-240517, JP-A-3-14882, JP-A-3-122137, and the like. Resins that are included. Specific examples include cyclic olefin ring-opening (co) polymers, cyclic olefin addition polymers, cyclic olefins and ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene and propylene (typically random copolymers), And graft polymers obtained by modifying them with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, and hydrides thereof. Specific examples of the cyclic olefin include norbornene monomers.
- cyclic polyolefin resins Various products are commercially available as cyclic polyolefin resins. Specific examples include trade names “ZEONEX” and “ZEONOR” manufactured by ZEON CORPORATION, product names “ARTON” manufactured by JSR Corporation, “TOPASS” manufactured by Polyplastics Corporation, and products manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Product name “APEL”.
- any appropriate methacrylic resin can be adopted as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- polymethacrylate such as polymethylmethacrylate, methyl methacrylate- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, methyl methacrylate- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid ester- (meth) Acrylic acid copolymer, (meth) methyl acrylate-styrene copolymer (MS resin, etc.), polymer having alicyclic hydrocarbon group (eg, methyl methacrylate- methacrylic acid cyclohexyl copolymer, methyl methacrylate) -(Meth) acrylic acid norbornyl copolymer).
- the methacrylic resin include, for example, a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and a maleimide monomer described in Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Acrypet VH and Acrypet VRL20A, and JP2013-033237A and WO2013 / 005634.
- Acrylic resin acrylic resin having a ring structure in the molecule described in WO2005 / 108438, methacrylic resin having a ring structure in the molecule described in JP2009-197151, intramolecular crosslinking and intramolecular cyclization reaction
- Tg high glass transition temperature
- a methacrylic resin having a lactone ring structure can also be used as the methacrylic resin. It is because it has high mechanical strength by high heat resistance, high transparency, and biaxial stretching.
- Examples of the methacrylic resin having a lactone ring structure include JP 2000-230016, JP 2001-151814, JP 2002-120326, JP 2002-254544, JP 2005-146084, and the like. And a methacrylic resin having a lactone ring structure.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention can be used for an image display device.
- the image display device include a self-luminous display device such as an electroluminescence (EL) display, a plasma display (PD), and a field emission display (FED), and a liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate disposed on at least one side of the liquid crystal cell.
- a gas chromatograph GC-14A manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used as a column and GL Sciences Inc. Inert CAP 1 (df 0.4 ⁇ m, 0.25 mm ID ⁇ 60 m) is connected, the injection temperature is increased to 180 ° C., the detector temperature is increased to 180 ° C., and the column temperature is increased from 60 ° C. (held for 5 minutes). The temperature was increased to 200 ° C. at a temperature rate of 10 ° C./min, the conditions were set to hold for 10 minutes, measurement was performed, and the polymerization conversion rate was calculated based on this result.
- Mw and Mw and molecular weight distribution of the methacrylic resins obtained in each of the production examples, examples and comparative examples are values obtained by measuring chromatograms under the following conditions by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and converting them to the molecular weight of standard polystyrene.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the baseline is that the slope of the peak on the high molecular weight side of the GPC chart changes from zero to positive when viewed from the earlier retention time, and the slope of the peak on the low molecular weight side is from negative to zero when viewed from the earlier retention time. A line connecting the points that change to.
- Glass transition temperature Tg Glass transition temperature Tg
- the methacrylic resin, polycarbonate resin and methacrylic resin composition were heated to 230 ° C. once using a differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, DSC-50 (product number)) in accordance with JIS K7121, and then at room temperature. Then, the DSC curve was measured under the condition that the temperature was raised from room temperature to 230 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min.
- the midpoint glass transition temperature obtained from the DSC curve measured at the second temperature rise was defined as the glass transition temperature in the present invention.
- the methacrylic resin which is the raw material of the methacrylic resin composition used in the production of the film in each Example and Comparative Example, was measured under conditions of 230 ° C., 3.8 kg load, and 10 minutes in accordance with JIS K7210.
- MFR Melt Mass Flow Rate
- MVR Melt volume flow rate
- the polycarbonate resin which is the raw material of the methacrylic resin composition used in the production of the film in each Example and Comparative Example, was measured under the conditions of 300 ° C., 1.2 kg load, and 10 minutes in accordance with JIS K7210.
- Total light transmittance In accordance with JIS K7361-1, a test piece was cut out from the uniaxially stretched film and the biaxially stretched film obtained in each Example and Comparative Example using a haze meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory, HM-150) The transmittance was measured. The evaluation of the methacrylic resin composition was performed by molding a molded product having a thickness of 3.2 mm with a hot press and measuring the total light transmittance.
- a test piece was cut out from the uniaxially stretched film and the biaxially stretched film obtained in each Example and Comparative Example using a haze meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory, HM-150), and the haze was measured. .
- the methacrylic resin composition was evaluated by molding a molded product having a thickness of 3.2 mm with a hot press and measuring haze.
- the thickness d (nm) of the test piece was measured using a digimatic indicator (manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation), and the refractive index n was measured with a digital precision refractometer (Kalnew Optical Co., Ltd. KPR-20).
- In-plane retardation (Re) A test piece of 40 mm ⁇ 40 mm was cut out from the biaxially stretched film obtained in each example and comparative example.
- the in-plane retardation Re of this test piece was measured at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 2 ° C. and a humidity of 50 ⁇ 5% using an automatic birefringence meter (KOBRA-WR manufactured by Oji Scientific Co., Ltd.).
- Production Example 1 The inside of a 5 L glass reaction vessel equipped with a stirring blade and a three-way cock was replaced with nitrogen. To this, at room temperature, 1600 g of toluene, 2.49 g (1,0.8 mmol) of 1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylenetetramine, isobutyl bis (2,6-dioxy) having a concentration of 0.45M.
- the diluted solution was poured into 100 kg of methanol to obtain a precipitate.
- the obtained precipitate was dried at 80 ° C. and 140 Pa for 24 hours.
- the Mw was 96100
- the molecular weight distribution was 1.07
- the syndiotacticity (rr) was 83%
- the glass transition temperature was 133 ° C.
- the ratio of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate was 100 mass%, and the methacryl resin [PMMA1] was obtained.
- Production Example 3 The inside of the autoclave equipped with the stirrer and the sampling tube was replaced with nitrogen. To this, 100 parts by mass of purified methyl methacrylate, 0.0052 parts by mass of 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionitrile (hydrogen abstraction ability: 1%, 1 hour half-life temperature: 83 ° C.), and 0.28 parts by mass of n-octyl mercaptan was added and stirred to obtain a raw material liquid, and nitrogen was fed into the raw material liquid to remove dissolved oxygen in the raw material liquid. The raw material liquid was put to 2/3 of the capacity in a tank reactor connected to the autoclave by piping. First, the polymerization reaction was started in a batch mode while maintaining the temperature at 140 ° C.
- the raw material liquid is supplied from the autoclave to the tank reactor at a flow rate of an average residence time of 150 minutes, and the reaction liquid is supplied at a flow rate corresponding to the supply flow rate of the raw material liquid. It was extracted from the tank reactor, maintained at a temperature of 140 ° C., and switched to a continuous flow polymerization reaction. After switching, the polymerization conversion in the steady state was 55% by mass.
- the reaction liquid extracted from the tank reactor in a steady state was heated by supplying it to a multi-tubular heat exchanger having an internal temperature of 230 ° C. at a flow rate with an average residence time of 2 minutes.
- the heated reaction liquid was introduced into a flash evaporator, and volatile components mainly composed of unreacted monomers were removed to obtain a molten resin.
- the molten resin from which volatile components have been removed is supplied to a twin-screw extruder having an internal temperature of 260 ° C., discharged into a strand shape, cut with a pelletizer, pellet-shaped, Mw is 82,000, and the molecular weight distribution is 1.85.
- a methacrylic resin [PMMA3] having a syndiotacticity (rr) of 52%, a glass transition temperature of 120 ° C. and a content of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate of 100% by mass was obtained.
- Production Example 4 The same operation as in Production Example 3 was carried out except that the amount of n-octyl mercaptan was changed to 0.225 parts by mass, Mw was 103600, molecular weight distribution was 1.81, and syndiotacticity (rr) was 52%.
- a methacrylic resin [PMMA4] having a glass transition temperature of 120 ° C. and a proportion of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate of 100% by mass was obtained.
- Production Example 5 The same operation as in Production Example 3 was carried out except that the amount of n-octyl mercaptan was changed to 0.30 parts by mass, Mw was 76400, molecular weight distribution was 1.81, and syndiotacticity (rr) was 53%.
- Paraloid K125-P (manufactured by Kureha Chemical) was used as a processing aid.
- Example 1 98 parts by mass of methacrylic resin [PMMA2] and 2 parts by mass of polycarbonate resin [PC3] were mixed and extruded at 250 ° C. with a twin-screw extruder (trade name: KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600, manufactured by Technobel). Thus, a methacrylic resin composition [1] was produced. The obtained methacrylic resin composition [1] was hot-press molded to form a plate-like molded body of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm, and the total light transmittance, haze, and glass transition temperature were measured. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the methacrylic resin composition [1].
- the methacrylic resin composition [1] was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours. Using a 20 mm ⁇ single-screw extruder (OCS), the methacrylic resin composition [1] is extruded from a 150 mm wide T-die at a resin temperature of 260 ° C., and is taken up by a roll having a surface temperature of 85 ° C. An unstretched film having a thickness of 110 mm and a thickness of 90 ⁇ m was obtained. Table 3 shows the evaluation results of the surface smoothness of the produced unstretched film.
- OCS 20 mm ⁇ single-screw extruder
- the unstretched film obtained by the above method was cut into 50 mm ⁇ 40 mm, set in a tensile tester (AG-IS 5 kN, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) so that the gap between chucks was 40 mm, and the stretching temperature of glass transition temperature + 15 ° C.
- the film was stretched at a stretch rate of 500% / min and a stretch ratio of 2 times in one direction, held for 10 seconds, and then rapidly cooled to obtain a uniaxially stretched film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- Table 3 shows the measurement results of the heat shrinkage rate, total light transmittance, haze, and retardation of the obtained uniaxially stretched film.
- Examples 2-6, Comparative Examples 1-2> A methacrylic resin composition [2] to [8] was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulation shown in Table 3 was used. The obtained methacrylic resin compositions [2] to [8] were hot press molded to form a plate-like molded body of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm, and the total light transmittance, haze and glass transition temperature were measured. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the methacrylic resin compositions [2] to [8].
- Example 7 95 parts by weight of methacrylic resin [PMMA6], 3 parts by weight of polycarbonate resin [PC7] and 2 parts by weight of processing aid are mixed together, twin screw extruder (trade name: KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600, manufactured by Technobel) And kneaded and extruded at 250 ° C. to produce a methacrylic resin composition [9].
- the obtained methacrylic resin composition [9] was hot press molded to form a plate-like molded body of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm, and the total light transmittance, haze and glass transition temperature were measured.
- Table 4 shows the physical properties of the methacrylic resin composition [9].
- the methacrylic resin composition [9] was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours. Using a 20 mm ⁇ single screw extruder (OCS), the methacrylic resin composition [9] is extruded from a 150 mm wide T-die at a resin temperature of 260 ° C., and is taken up by a roll having a surface temperature of 85 ° C. An unstretched film having a thickness of 110 mm and a thickness of 160 ⁇ m was obtained. Table 4 shows the evaluation results of the surface smoothness of the produced unstretched film.
- OCS 20 mm ⁇ single screw extruder
- the unstretched film obtained by the above method is cut into a size of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and stretched at a glass transition temperature + 20 ° C., 1000% in one direction by a pantograph type biaxial stretching tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.).
- the film was sequentially biaxially stretched at a stretching speed of 1 minute and a stretch ratio of 2 times in one direction (4 times in area ratio), held for 10 seconds, and then rapidly cooled to obtain a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the heat shrinkage rate, total light transmittance, haze, and retardation of the obtained biaxially stretched film.
- Example 8> The unstretched film obtained in Example 7 was cut into 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and stretched at a glass transition temperature + 30 ° C., 1000% in one direction by a pantograph type biaxial stretching tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.). The film was sequentially biaxially stretched at a stretching speed of 1 minute and a stretch ratio of 2 times in one direction (4 times in area ratio), held for 10 seconds, and then cooled to obtain a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m. Table 4 shows the measurement results of the heat shrinkage rate, total light transmittance, haze, and retardation of the obtained biaxially stretched film.
- Example 9 A methacrylic resin composition [10] was produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the formulation shown in Table 4 was used. The obtained methacrylic resin composition [10] was hot press molded to form a plate-like molded body of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm, and the total light transmittance, haze, and glass transition temperature were measured. Table 4 shows the physical properties of the methacrylic resin composition [10]. Except for using the methacrylic resin composition [10] instead of the methacrylic resin composition [9], an unstretched film and a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m (doubled by an area ratio of 4 times in the same manner as in Example 7). (Axial stretching) was produced. The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
- Example 10 The unstretched film obtained in Example 9 was cut out to 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and stretched at a glass transition temperature + 30 ° C., 1000% in one direction by a pantograph type biaxial stretching tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.). The film was sequentially biaxially stretched at a stretching speed of 1 minute and a stretch ratio of 2 times in one direction (4 times in area ratio), held for 10 seconds, and then cooled to obtain a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m. Table 4 shows the measurement results of the heat shrinkage rate, total light transmittance, haze, and retardation of the obtained biaxially stretched film.
- Methacrylic resin compositions [11] to [22] were produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the formulations shown in Tables 4 and 5 were used.
- the obtained methacrylic resin compositions [11] to [22] were hot press molded to form a plate-like molded body of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm, and the total light transmittance, haze, and glass transition temperature were measured.
- Tables 4 and 5 show the physical properties of the methacrylic resin compositions [11] to [22].
- Example 7 An unstretched film and a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m (in terms of area ratio) were the same as in Example 7 except that the methacrylic resin compositions [11] to [22] were used instead of the methacrylic resin composition [9]. 4 times biaxial stretching).
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 4 and Table 5.
- Comparative Example 12 has the same material and the same composition as Example 1 of JP 2012-51997.
- Example 13 The methacrylic resin composition [9] was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours. Using a 20 mm ⁇ single screw extruder (OCS), the methacrylic resin composition [9] is extruded from a 150 mm wide T-die at a resin temperature of 260 ° C., and is taken up by a roll having a surface temperature of 85 ° C. An unstretched film having a thickness of 110 mm and a thickness of 80 ⁇ m was obtained. Table 6 shows the evaluation results of the surface smoothness of the produced unstretched film.
- OCS 20 mm ⁇ single screw extruder
- the unstretched film obtained by the above method is cut into a size of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and stretched at a glass transition temperature + 30 ° C., 500% / direction in a pantograph type biaxial stretching tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.).
- the film was sequentially biaxially stretched at a stretching speed of 1 minute and a stretch ratio of 2 times in one direction (4 times in area ratio), held for 10 seconds, and then cooled to obtain a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
- Table 6 shows the measurement results of the heat shrinkage ratio, total light transmittance, haze, and retardation of the obtained biaxially stretched film.
- Example 14 A methacrylic resin composition [23] to [24] was produced in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the composition shown in Table 6 was used.
- the obtained methacrylic resin compositions [23] to [24] were hot press molded to form a plate-like molded product of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm, and the total light transmittance, haze and glass transition temperature were measured.
- Table 6 shows the physical properties of the methacrylic resin compositions [23] to [24].
- An unstretched film and a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m were the same as in Example 13 except that the methacrylic resin compositions [10] and [23] to [24] were used instead of the methacrylic resin composition [9]. (Biaxial stretching 4 times in area ratio) was manufactured and evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 6.
- the obtained methacrylic resin composition [25] was hot press molded to form a plate-like molded body of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm, and the total light transmittance, haze, and glass transition temperature were measured.
- Table 6 shows the physical properties of the methacrylic resin composition [25].
- the methacrylic resin composition [25] was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours. Using a 20 mm ⁇ single screw extruder (OCS), the methacrylic resin composition [25] was extruded from a T-die having a width of 150 mm at a resin temperature of 260 ° C. An unstretched film having a thickness of 110 mm and a thickness of 240 ⁇ m was obtained. Using the obtained film, in the same manner as in Example 1 of JP2013-148655A, at a stretching rate of 200% / min in one direction at 125 ° C. (glass transition temperature ⁇ 0 ° C.), the stretching ratio was successively doubled in one direction. The film was biaxially stretched (4 times in area ratio), held for 10 seconds, and then cooled. As a result, the stretched film was not obtained because the film was brittle and fractured.
- OCS 20 mm ⁇ single screw extruder
- the unstretched film obtained by the above-described method is cut into 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and stretched at a glass transition temperature + 30 ° C. in a unidirectional 500 by a pantograph type biaxial stretching tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.). After biaxially stretching at a stretch rate of% / min and a stretch ratio of 2 times in one direction (4 times in area ratio), holding for 10 seconds and then cooling, a stretched film was not obtained because the film was brittle and fractured It was.
- Polyester urethane (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., trade name: Superflex 210, solid content: 33%) 16.8 g, cross-linking agent (oxazoline-containing polymer, product of Nippon Shokubai, trade name: Epocross WS-700, solid content: 25% ) 4.2 g, 2.0 g of 1 wt% ammonia water, 0.42 g of colloidal silica (manufactured by Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd., Quartron PL-3, solid content: 20 wt%) and 76.6 g of pure water were mixed to facilitate adhesion. An agent composition was obtained.
- the resulting easy-adhesive composition was applied to the corona discharge treated surface of the biaxially stretched film of Example 8 subjected to corona discharge treatment with a bar coater so that the thickness after drying was 100 nm. Thereafter, the film was put into a hot air dryer (110 ° C.), and the easy-adhesive composition was dried for about 5 minutes to form an easy-adhesive layer.
- (Polarizer protective film B) A 40 ⁇ m thick triacetyl cellulose film was immersed in a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (60 ° C.) for 30 seconds to saponify, and then washed with water for 60 seconds to obtain a second polarizer protective film.
- acetoacetyl group-containing polyvinyl alcohol resin (average polymerization degree: 1200, saponification degree: 98.5 mol%, acetoacetyl group modification degree: 5 mol%) is 100 parts by weight, and 20 parts by weight of methylolmelamine is 30 ° C. It was dissolved in pure water under temperature conditions to obtain an aqueous solution with a solid content concentration of 0.5%. The obtained aqueous solution was used as an adhesive composition under a temperature condition of 30 ° C.
- the adhesive composition was applied to the easy-adhesion layer side of the polarizer protective film A so that the thickness after drying was 50 nm.
- the adhesive composition was applied to one side of the polarizer protective film B.
- the polarizer protective film A and the polarizer protective film B are laminated on each side of the polarizer via the adhesive composition using a small laminator, and put into a hot air dryer (70 ° C.). It was made to dry for minutes and the polarizing plate X was obtained.
- the produced polarizing plate X was put into a constant temperature and humidity machine at 80 ° C. and 90% RH and the degree of deterioration of the polarizer after 100 hours was visually observed, no deterioration was observed.
- the adhesive composition was applied to the polarizer protective film B so that the thickness after drying was 50 nm.
- one polarizer protective film B is laminated on each side of the polarizer using an adhesive composition using a small laminator, put into a hot air dryer (70 ° C.) and dried for 5 minutes.
- a polarizing plate Y was obtained. When the produced polarizing plate Y was put into a constant temperature and humidity machine at 80 ° C. and 90% RH, and the degree of deterioration of the polarizer after 100 hours was visually observed, the entire surface was found to be deteriorated.
- the triplet-represented syndiotacticity (rr) is 50% or more, the weight average molecular weight is 80,000 to 200,000, and the content of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate is 92. and a methacrylic resin is mass% or more, 300 ° C., since the MVR value at 1.2Kg is using the polycarbonate resin is 130 ⁇ 250cm 3/10 min, high transparency of the resin composition or a film, and It can be seen that the phase difference in the thickness direction is small.
- the syndiotacticity (rr) in triplet representation is 50% or more, the weight average molecular weight is 80000-200000, and the content of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate is 92% by mass or more. It can be seen that the inclusion of the methacrylic resin not only has high heat resistance and is difficult to shrink, but also improves the stretchability of the film. Moreover, since the film of the present invention has good stretchability, a thinner film of 40 ⁇ m or less can be obtained by stretching.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)が50%以上であり、重量平均分子量が80000~200000であり、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量が92質量%以上であるメタクリル樹脂と、
300℃、1.2KgでのMVR値が130~250cm3/10分であるポリカーボネート樹脂とを、
メタクリル樹脂/ポリカーボネート樹脂の質量比が91/9~99/1で、且つメタクリル樹脂とポリカーボネート樹脂との合計量が80~100質量%で含有するメタクリル樹脂組成物からなるフィルム。
〔2〕厚さが10~50μmである、〔1〕に記載のフィルム。
〔3〕前記メタクリル樹脂は、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が58%以上85%以下である、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載のフィルム。
〔4〕前記メタクリル樹脂は、メタクリル酸メチル由来の構造単位の含有量が99質量%以上である、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかひとつに記載のフィルム。
〔5〕面積比で1.5~8倍に二軸延伸された〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかひとつに記載のフィルム。
〔6〕前記〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかひとつに記載のフィルムからなる偏光子保護フィルム。
〔7〕前記〔6〕に記載の偏光子保護フィルムが少なくとも1枚積層された偏光板。
1)メタクリル樹脂とポリカーボネート樹脂とが均一にナノオーダーで相溶するため透明性が高い。
2)延伸させても厚さ方向の位相差が小さい。
3)耐熱性が高いため熱収縮率が小さい。
4)厚さを薄くすることができる。
5)薄くても面内均一性に優れる。
6)熱分解し難く幅広い製膜条件を選択することができるため表面平滑性が高い。
このような特長を有する本発明のフィルムは、偏光子保護フィルム、液晶保護板、携帯型情報端末の表面材、携帯型情報端末の表示窓保護フィルム、導光フィルム、各種ディスプレイの前面板などに好適である。
メタクリル樹脂のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)(%)は、重水素化クロロホルム中、30℃で、1H-NMRスペクトルを測定し、そのスペクトルからTMSを0ppmとした際の、0.6~0.95ppmの領域の面積(X)と0.6~1.35ppmの領域の面積(Y)とを計測し、式:(X/Y)×100にて算出することができる。
AlR1R2R3
(式中、R1、R2およびR3はそれぞれ独立して置換基を有してもよいアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアリール基、置換基を有していてもよいアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアルコキシル基、置換基を有してもよいアリールオキシ基またはN,N-二置換アミノ基を表す。R2およびR3は、それぞれが結合してなる、置換基を有していてもよいアリーレンジオキシ基であってもよい。)
で示される化合物が挙げられる。具体的には、イソブチルビス(2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシ)アルミニウム、イソブチルビス(2,6-ジ-tert-ブチルフェノキシ)アルミニウム、イソブチル〔2,2’-メチレンビス(4-メチル-6-tert-ブチルフェノキシ)〕アルミニウム等が挙げられる。
また、アニオン重合法においては、重合反応を制御するために、エーテルや含窒素化合物などを共存させることもできる。
なお、ポリカーボネート樹脂のMVR値や重量平均分子量の調節は末端停止剤や分岐剤の量を調整することによって行うことができる。
本発明に用いられるメタクリル樹脂組成物に含有されるメタクリル樹脂とポリカーボネート樹脂との合計量は、80~100質量%、好ましくは90~100質量%、より好ましくは94~100質量%、さらに好ましくは96~100質量%である。
リン系酸化防止剤とヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤とを併用する場合、リン系酸化防止剤/ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤を質量比で0.2/1~2/1で使用するのが好ましく、0.5/1~1/1で使用するのがより好ましい。
該熱劣化防止剤としては、2-t-ブチル-6-(3’-tert-ブチル-5’-メチル-ヒドロキシベンジル)-4-メチルフェニルアクリレート(住友化学社製;商品名スミライザーGM)、2,4-ジt-アミル-6-(3’,5’-ジ-tert-アミル-2’-ヒドロキシ-α-メチルベンジル)フェニルアクリレート(住友化学社製;商品名スミライザーGS)などが好ましい。
紫外線吸収剤としては、ベンゾフェノン類、ベンゾトリアゾール類、トリアジン類、ベンゾエート類、サリシレート類、シアノアクリレート類、蓚酸アニリド類、マロン酸エステル類、ホルムアミジン類などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、ベンゾトリアゾール類、トリアジン類、または波長380~450nmにおけるモル吸光係数の最大値εmaxが100dm3・mol-1cm-1以下である紫外線吸収剤が好ましい。
これら紫外線吸収剤の中、紫外線被照による樹脂劣化が抑えられるという観点からベンゾトリアゾール類が好ましく用いられる。
〔式(A)中、Mは金属原子である。
Y1、Y2、Y3およびY4はそれぞれ独立に炭素原子以外の二価基(酸素原子、硫黄原子、NH、NR5など)である。R5はそれぞれ独立にアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロアラルキル基、アラルリル基などの置換基である。該置換基は、該置換基にさらに置換基を有してもよい。
Z1およびZ2はそれぞれ独立に三価基(窒素原子、CH、CR6など)である。R6はそれぞれ独立にアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロアラルキル基、アラルリル基などの置換基である。該置換基は、該置換基にさらに置換基を有してもよい。
R1、R2、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子、アルキル基、ヒドロキシル基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシル基、ハロゲノ基、アルキルスルホニル基、モノホリノスルホニル基、ピペリジノスルホニル基、チオモルホリノスルホニル基、ピペラジノスルホニル基などの置換基である。該置換基は、該置換基にさらに置換基を有してもよい。a、b、cおよびdはそれぞれR1、R2、R3およびR4の数を示し且つ1~4のいずれかの整数である。〕
有機色素としては、樹脂に対しては有害とされている紫外線を可視光線に変換する機能を有する化合物が好ましく用いられる。
光拡散剤や艶消し剤としては、ガラス微粒子、ポリシロキサン系架橋微粒子、架橋ポリマー微粒子、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウムなどが挙げられる。
蛍光体として、蛍光顔料、蛍光染料、蛍光白色染料、蛍光増白剤、蛍光漂白剤などが挙げられる。
また、本発明のフィルムは、その中に含まれるポリカーボネート樹脂の量が、厚さ方向の位相差が小さいという観点から、好ましくは1~9質量%、より好ましくは2~7質量%、さらに好ましくは3~6質量%である。
本発明のフィルムは、波長590nmの光に対する厚さ方向位相差Rthが、フィルムの厚さ40μmの時に、好ましくは-5nm以上5nm以下、より好ましくは-4nm以上4nm以下、さらに好ましくは-3nm以上3nm以下、特に好ましくは-2nm以上2nm以下、最も好ましくは-1nm以上1nm以下である。
面内位相差および厚さ方向位相差がこのような範囲であれば、位相差に起因する画像表示装置の表示特性への影響が顕著に抑制され得る。より具体的には、干渉ムラや3Dディスプレイ用液晶表示装置に用いる場合の3D像の歪みが顕著に抑制され得る。
なお、面内方向位相差Reおよび厚さ方向位相差Rthは、それぞれ、以下の式で定義される値である。
Re=(nx-ny)×d
Rth=((nx+ny)/2-nz)×d
ここで、nxはフィルムの遅相軸方向の屈折率であり、nyはフィルムの進相軸方向の屈折率であり、nzはフィルムの厚さ方向の屈折率であり、d(nm)はフィルムの厚さである。遅相軸は、フィルム面内の屈折率が最大になる方向をいい、進相軸は、面内で遅相軸に垂直な方向をいう。
本発明のフィルムは透明性、耐熱性が高いため、光学用途以外の用途として、IRカットフィルムや、防犯フィルム、飛散防止フィルム、加飾フィルム、金属加飾フィルム、太陽電池のバックシート、フレキシブル太陽電池用フロントシート、シュリンクフィルム、インモールドラベル用フィルムに使用することができる。
接着剤層の厚さは、乾燥状態において、好ましくは0.01~10μm、さらに好ましくは0.03~5μmである。
島津製作所社製ガスクロマトグラフ GC-14Aに、カラムとしてGL Sciences Inc.製 Inert CAP 1(df=0.4μm、0.25mmI.D.×60m)を繋ぎ、インジェクション温度を180℃に、検出器温度を180℃に、カラム温度を60℃(5分間保持)から昇温速度10℃/分で200℃まで昇温して、10分間保持する条件に設定して、測定を行い、この結果に基づいて重合転化率を算出した。
各製造例、実施例および比較例で得られたメタクリル樹脂のMwおよび分子量分布は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)にて下記の条件でクロマトグラムを測定し、標準ポリスチレンの分子量に換算した値を算出した。ベースラインはGPCチャートの高分子量側のピークの傾きが保持時間の早い方から見てゼロからプラスに変化する点と、低分子量側のピークの傾きが保持時間の早い方から見てマイナスからゼロに変化する点を結んだ線とした。検量線を用いて算出した積分分子量分布から、分子量15000未満の成分(低分子量成分)の割合と、分子量200000以上の成分(高分子量成分)の割合を算出した。
GPC装置:東ソー株式会社製、HLC-8320
検出器:示差屈折率検出器
カラム:東ソー株式会社製のTSKgel SuperMultipore HZM-Mの2本とSuperHZ4000を直列に繋いだものを用いた。
溶離剤: テトラヒドロフラン
溶離剤流量: 0.35ml/分
カラム温度: 40℃
検量線:標準ポリスチレン10点のデータを用いて作成
メタクリル樹脂の1H-NMRスペクトルを、核磁気共鳴装置(Bruker社製 ULTRA SHIELD 400 PLUS)を用いて、溶媒として重水素化クロロホルムを用い、室温、積算回数64回の条件にて、測定した。そのスペクトルからTMSを0ppmとした際の0.6~0.95ppmの領域の面積(X)と、0.6~1.35ppmの領域の面積(Y)とを計測し、次いで、三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)を式:(X/Y)×100にて算出した。
メタクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂およびメタクリル樹脂組成物を、JIS K7121に準拠して、示差走査熱量測定装置(島津製作所製、DSC-50(品番))を用いて、230℃まで一度昇温し、次いで室温まで冷却し、その後、室温から230℃までを10℃/分で昇温させる条件にてDSC曲線を測定した。2回目の昇温時に測定されるDSC曲線から求められる中間点ガラス転移温度を本発明におけるガラス転移温度とした。
各実施例および比較例でフィルムの製造に用いたメタクリル樹脂組成物の原料であるメタクリル樹脂を、JIS K7210に準拠して、230℃、3.8kg荷重、10分間の条件で測定した。
(メルトボリュームフローレート(MVR))
各実施例および比較例でフィルムの製造に用いたメタクリル樹脂組成物の原料であるポリカーボネート樹脂を、JIS K7210に準拠して、300℃、1.2kg荷重、10分間の条件で測定した。
各実施例および比較例で得られた未延伸フィルムの表面を目視により観察し以下の基準で表面平滑性を評価した。
A:表面が平滑である。
B:表面に凹凸がある。
各実施例および比較例で得られた一軸延伸フィルムから試験片を切り出し、その表面に70mmの長さの直線を記入し、110℃の温度に保たれた強制温風循環式恒温オーブン内で30分間加熱後、記入した直線の長さ(L(mm))をスケールで読取り、下記式により加熱収縮率を求めた。
加熱収縮率(%)=(70-L)/70×100
JIS K7361-1に準じて、ヘイズメータ(村上色彩研究所製、HM-150)を用いて各実施例および比較例で得られた一軸延伸フィルムおよび二軸延伸フィルムから試験片を切り出し、その全光線透過率を測定した。またメタクリル樹脂組成物の評価は、3.2mm厚の成形体を熱プレスにて成形し、全光線透過率を測定した。
JISK7136に準拠して、ヘイズメータ(村上色彩研究所製、HM-150)を用いて各実施例および比較例で得られた一軸延伸フィルムおよび二軸延伸フィルムから試験片を切り出し、そのヘイズを測定した。またメタクリル樹脂組成物の評価は、3.2mm厚の成形体を熱プレスにて成形し、ヘイズを測定した。
各実施例および比較例で得られた一軸延伸フィルムおよび二軸延伸フィルムから40mm×40mmの試験片を切り出した。この試験片を、自動複屈折計(王子計測株式会社製 KOBRA-WR)を用いて、温度23±2℃、湿度50±5%において、波長590nm、40°傾斜方向の位相差値から3次元屈折率nx、ny、nzを求め、厚さ方向位相差Rth=((nx+ny)/2-nz)×dを計算した。試験片の厚さd(nm)は、デジマティックインジケータ(株式会社ミツトヨ製)を用いて測定し、屈折率nは、デジタル精密屈折計(カルニュー光学工業株式会社 KPR-20)で測定した。
各実施例および比較例で得られた二軸延伸フィルムから40mm×40mmの試験片を切り出した。この試験片を、自動複屈折計(王子計測株式会社製 KOBRA-WR)を用いて、温度23±2℃、湿度50±5%において、面内位相差Reを測定した。
各実施例および比較例で得られた未延伸フィルムを二軸延伸する際、以下の基準で延伸性を評価した。
A:割れやクラックのないフィルムを10サンプル中、5サンプル以上取得できたもの。
B:割れやクラックのないフィルムを10サンプル中、4サンプル以下しか取得できなかったもの。
撹拌翼と三方コックが取り付けられた5Lのガラス製反応容器内を窒素で置換した。これに、室温下にて、トルエン1600g、1,1,4,7,10,10-ヘキサメチルトリエチレンテトラミン2.49g(10.8mmol)、濃度0.45Mのイソブチルビス(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシ)アルミニウムのトルエン溶液53.5g(30.9mmol)、および濃度1.3Mのsec-ブチルリチウムの溶液(溶媒:シクロヘキサン95質量%、n-ヘキサン5質量%)6.17g(10.3mmol)を仕込んだ。撹拌しながら、これに、-20℃にて、蒸留精製したメタクリル酸メチル550gを30分間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、-20℃にて180分間撹拌した。溶液の色が黄色から無色に変わった。この時点におけるメタクリル酸メチルの転化率は100%であった。
得られた溶液にトルエン1500gを加えて希釈した。次いで、該希釈液をメタノール100kgに注ぎ入れ、沈澱物を得た。得られた沈殿物を80℃、140Paにて24時間乾燥して、Mwが96100で、分子量分布が1.07で、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が83%で、ガラス転移温度が133℃で、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の割合が100質量%であるメタクリル樹脂〔PMMA1〕を得た。
撹拌翼と三方コックが取り付けられた5Lのガラス製反応容器内を窒素で置換した。これに、室温下にて、トルエン1600g、1,1,4,7,10,10-ヘキサメチルトリエチレンテトラミン2.49g(10.8mmol)、濃度0.45Mのイソブチルビス(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシ)アルミニウムのトルエン溶液53.5g(30.9mmol)、および濃度1.3Mのsec-ブチルリチウムの溶液(溶媒:シクロヘキサン95%、n-ヘキサン5%)6.17g(10.3mmol)を仕込んだ。撹拌しながら、これに、20℃にて、蒸留精製したメタクリル酸メチル550gを30分かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、20℃で90分間撹拌した。溶液の色が黄色から無色に変わった。この時点におけるメタクリル酸メチルの重合転化率は100%であった。
得られた溶液にトルエン1500gを加えて希釈した。次いで、希釈液をメタノール100kgに注ぎ入れ、沈澱物を得た。得られた沈殿物を80℃、140Paにて24時間乾燥して、Mwが81400で、分子量分布が1.08で、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が73%で、ガラス転移温度が131℃で、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量が100質量%であるメタクリル樹脂〔PMMA2〕を得た。
攪拌機および採取管が取り付けられたオートクレーブ内を窒素で置換した。これに、精製されたメタクリル酸メチル100質量部、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオニトリル(水素引抜能:1%、1時間半減期温度:83℃)0.0052質量部、およびn-オクチルメルカプタン0.28質量部を入れ、撹拌して、原料液を得た。かかる原料液中に窒素を送り込み、原料液中の溶存酸素を除去した。
オートクレーブと配管で接続された槽型反応器に容量の2/3まで原料液を入れた。温度を140℃に維持して先ずバッチ方式で重合反応を開始させた。重合転化率が55質量%になったところで、平均滞留時間150分となる流量で、原料液をオートクレーブから槽型反応器に供給し、且つ原料液の供給流量に相当する流量で、反応液を槽型反応器から抜き出して、温度140℃に維持し、連続流通方式の重合反応に切り替えた。切り替え後、定常状態における重合転化率は55質量%であった。
n-オクチルメルカプタンの量を0.225質量部に変更した以外は製造例3と同じ操作を行って、Mwが103600で、分子量分布が1.81で、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が52%で、ガラス転移温度が120℃で、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の割合が100質量%であるメタクリル樹脂〔PMMA4〕を得た。
n-オクチルメルカプタンの量を0.30質量部に変更した以外は製造例3と同じ操作を行って、Mwが76400で、分子量分布が1.81で、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が53%、ガラス転移温度が119℃で、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量が100質量%であるメタクリル樹脂〔PMMA5〕を得た。
メタクリル樹脂〔PMMA2〕57質量部およびメタクリル樹脂〔PMMA4〕43質量部を混ぜ合わせ、二軸押出機((株)テクノベル製、商品名:KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600)で250℃にて混練押出してメタクリル樹脂〔PMMA6〕を製造した。
PC1:三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス社製、ユーピロンE-2000(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=5cm3/10分
PC2:三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス社製、ユーピロンHL-4000(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=60cm3/10分
PC3:三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス社製、ユーピロンHL-8000(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=136cm3/10分
PC4:住化スタイロンポリカーボネート社製、カリバー 301-22(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=22cm3/10分
PC5:住化スタイロンポリカーボネート社製、カリバー 301-40(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=40cm3/10分
PC6:住化スタイロンポリカーボネート社製、SD POLYCA SD-2201W(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=115cm3/10分
PC7:住化スタイロンポリカーボネート社製、SD POLYCA TR-2001(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=200cm3/10分
PC8:DOW社製、DVD1080(品番)、MVR(300℃、1.2Kg)=80cm3/10分
メタクリル樹脂〔PMMA2〕98質量部およびポリカーボネート樹脂〔PC3〕2質量部を混ぜ合わせ、二軸押出機((株)テクノベル製、商品名:KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600)で250℃にて混練押出してメタクリル樹脂組成物〔1〕を製造した。得られたメタクリル樹脂組成物〔1〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形体を成形し、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔1〕の物性を表3に示す。
表3に示す配合とする以外は実施例1と同じ方法でメタクリル樹脂組成物〔2〕~〔8〕を製造した。得られたメタクリル樹脂組成物〔2〕~〔8〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形体を成形し、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔2〕~〔8〕の物性を表3に示す。
メタクリル樹脂組成物〔1〕の代わりにメタクリル樹脂組成物〔2〕~〔8〕を用いた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で未延伸フィルム並びに一軸延伸フィルムを得た。評価結果を表3に示す。
メタクリル樹脂〔PMMA6〕95質量部、ポリカーボネート樹脂〔PC7〕3質量部及び加工助剤2質量部を混ぜ合わせ、二軸押出機((株)テクノベル製、商品名:KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600)で250℃にて混練押出してメタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕を製造した。得られたメタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形体を成形し、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕の物性を表4に示す。
実施例7にて得られた未延伸フィルムを、100mm×100mmに切り出し、パンタグラフ式二軸延伸試験機(東洋精機(株)製)により、ガラス転移温度+30℃の延伸温度、一方向1000%/分の延伸速度、一方向2倍の延伸倍率で逐次二軸延伸し(面積比で4倍)、10秒保持し、次いで冷却して、厚さ40μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。得られた二軸延伸フィルムについての加熱収縮率、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよび位相差の測定結果を表4に示す。
表4に示すような配合とする以外は実施例7と同じ方法でメタクリル樹脂組成物〔10〕を製造した。得られたメタクリル樹脂組成物〔10〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形体を成形し、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔10〕の物性を表4に示す。
メタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕の代わりにメタクリル樹脂組成物〔10〕を用いた以外は実施例7と同じ方法で未延伸フィルム並びに、厚さ40μmの二軸延伸フィルム(面積比で4倍に二軸延伸)を製造した。評価結果を表4に示す。
実施例9にて得られた未延伸フィルムを、100mm×100mmに切り出し、パンタグラフ式二軸延伸試験機(東洋精機(株)製)により、ガラス転移温度+30℃の延伸温度、一方向1000%/分の延伸速度、一方向2倍の延伸倍率で逐次二軸延伸し(面積比で4倍)、10秒保持し、次いで冷却して、厚さ40μmの二軸延伸フィルムを得た。得られた二軸延伸フィルムについての加熱収縮率、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよび位相差の測定結果を表4に示す。
表4および表5に示すような配合とする以外は実施例7と同じ方法でメタクリル樹脂組成物〔11〕~〔22〕を製造した。得られたメタクリル樹脂組成物〔11〕~〔22〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形体を成形し、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔11〕~〔22〕の物性を表4および表5に示す。
メタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕の代わりにメタクリル樹脂組成物〔11〕~〔22〕を用いた以外は実施例7と同じ方法で未延伸フィルム並びに、厚さ40μmの二軸延伸フィルム(面積比で4倍に二軸延伸)を製造した。評価結果を表4および表5に示す。
なお、比較例12は特開2012-51997の実施例1と同一材料、同一組成である。
メタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕を、80℃で12時間乾燥させた。20mmφ単軸押出機(OCS社製)を用いて、樹脂温度260℃にて、メタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕を150mm幅のTダイから押し出し、それを表面温度85℃のロールにて引き取り、幅110mm、厚さ80μmの未延伸フィルムを得た。製造された未延伸フィルムについての表面平滑性の評価結果を表6に示す。
表6に示すような配合とする以外は実施例13と同じ方法でメタクリル樹脂組成物〔23〕~〔24〕を製造した。得られたメタクリル樹脂組成物〔23〕~〔24〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形体を成形し、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔23〕~〔24〕の物性を表6に示す。
メタクリル樹脂組成物〔9〕の代わりにメタクリル樹脂組成物〔10〕、〔23〕~〔24〕を用いた以外は実施例13と同じ方法で未延伸フィルム並びに、厚さ20μmの二軸延伸フィルム(面積比で4倍に二軸延伸)を製造し評価した。評価結果を表6に示す。
特開2013-148655の実施例1と同様にしてメタクリル酸メチル90質量%とN-フェニルマレイミド(PhMI)10質量%のMMA/PhMI共重合体を得た。得られた共重合体の重量平均分子量は48000、分子量分布は2.04、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)は47%、ガラス転移温度は、125℃であった。
得られたMMA/PhMI共重合体100質量部に対して、ポリカーボネート樹脂〔PC8〕2重量部を260℃で溶融混合してメタクリル樹脂組成物〔25〕を得た。得られたメタクリル樹脂組成物〔25〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形体を成形し、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔25〕の物性を表6に示す。
平均重合度2400、ケン化度99.9モル%、厚さ75μmのポリビニルアルコールフィルムを、30℃の温水中に60秒間浸漬して膨潤させた。次いで、0.3重量%(重量比:ヨウ素/ヨウ化カリウム=0.5/8)の30℃のヨウ素溶液中で1分間染色しながら、3.5倍まで延伸した。その後、65℃の4重量%のホウ酸水溶液中に0.5分間浸漬しながら総合延伸倍率が6倍まで延伸した。延伸後、70℃のオーブンで3分間乾燥を行い、厚さ22μmの偏光子を得た。
ポリエステルウレタン(第一工業製薬製、商品名:スーパーフレックス210、固形分:33%)16.8g、架橋剤(オキサゾリン含有ポリマー、日本触媒製、商品名:エポクロスWS-700、固形分:25%)4.2g、1重量%のアンモニア水2.0g、コロイダルシリカ(扶桑化学工業製、クォートロンPL-3、固形分:20重量%)0.42gおよび純水76.6gを混合し、易接着剤組成物を得た。
得られた易接着剤組成物を、コロナ放電処理を施した実施例8の二軸延伸フィルムのコロナ放電処理面に、乾燥後の厚さが100nmとなるように、バーコーターで塗布した。その後、フィルムを熱風乾燥機(110℃)に投入し、易接着剤組成物を約5分乾燥させて、易接着層を形成した。
厚さ40μmのトリアセチルセルセルロースフィルムを、10%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(60℃)に30秒間浸漬してケン化した後、60秒間水洗し、第2の偏光子保護フィルムを得た。
アセトアセチル基含有ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(平均重合度:1200、ケン化度:98.5モル%,アセトアセチル基変性度:5モル%)100重量部に対し、メチロールメラミン20重量部を30℃の温度条件下で純水に溶解し、固形分濃度0.5%の水溶液を得た。得られた水溶液を接着剤組成物として、30℃の温度条件下で用いた。
また、三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)が50%以上であり、重量平均分子量が80000~200000であり、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量が92質量%以上であるメタクリル樹脂を含有することで、耐熱性が高く、収縮し難いだけでなく、フィルムの延伸性が良好となることがわかる。
また本発明のフィルムは延伸性が良いため、延伸することで40μm以下のより薄いフィルムを得ることができる。
Claims (7)
- 三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)が50%以上であり、重量平均分子量が80000~200000であり、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量が92質量%以上であるメタクリル樹脂と、
300℃、1.2KgでのMVR値が130~250cm3/10分であるポリカーボネート樹脂とを、
メタクリル樹脂/ポリカーボネート樹脂の質量比が91/9~99/1で、且つメタクリル樹脂とポリカーボネート樹脂との合計量が80~100質量%で
含有するメタクリル樹脂組成物からなるフィルム。 - 厚さが10~50μmである、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 前記メタクリル樹脂は、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が58%以上85%以下である、請求項1または2に記載のフィルム。
- 前記メタクリル樹脂は、メタクリル酸メチル由来の構造単位の含有量が99質量%以上である、請求項1~3のいずれかひとつに記載のフィルム。
- 面積比で1.5~8倍に二軸延伸された請求項1~4のいずれかひとつに記載のフィルム。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかひとつに記載のフィルムからなる偏光子保護フィルム。
- 請求項6に記載の偏光子保護フィルムが少なくとも1枚積層された偏光板。
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| JP2017205941A (ja) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-24 | 株式会社クラレ | 積層体およびその製造方法、成形体、偏光子保護フィルム、並びに偏光板 |
| EP3333224A4 (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-07-18 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Resin composition for optical material and optical film comprising same |
| WO2019155791A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-15 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光板および画像表示装置 |
| JP2019139204A (ja) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-22 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光板および画像表示装置 |
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| JP6909599B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-15 | 2021-07-28 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光子保護フィルムの製造方法 |
| WO2019031238A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-14 | 帝人株式会社 | ヘッドアップディスプレイ表示装置およびそれに用いる透光部材 |
| JP6873208B2 (ja) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-05-19 | 日東電工株式会社 | 位相差フィルムおよびその製造方法、ならびに、該位相差フィルムを用いた円偏光板および画像表示装置 |
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