WO2015196357A1 - Electronic cigarette and heating wire thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic cigarette and a heating wire thereof. The material of the heating wire comprises in terms of mass percent the following compositions: 46% to 78% nickel and 0.005% to 0.4% cerium and iron. The heating wire allows for a slowed rate at which the temperature of the heating wire rises when in use.

Description

 Electronic cigarette and its heating wire

 The invention relates to an electronic cigarette, in particular to a heating wire in an electronic cigarette. Background technique

 The electronic cigarette is an electronic device that is powered by a battery and is detected by the internal detection module to detect whether the airflow is in a smoking state, and operates on the heating wire to vaporize the smoke oil to achieve a smoking effect.

 A common electronic cigarette uses a lithium battery with an output voltage of 4.15^1.25V as a power source, and the control chip controls the output voltage of the power source to generate heat. This type of electronic cigarette generally uses two control methods: the first is to output a constant voltage within a certain range, the voltage value can be 3.6V ± 0.15V or 3.4V ± 0.15V, when the lithium battery voltage drops to 3.3V or 2.75 When V, the control chip controls the power supply to stop the output voltage; the second is to output the voltage consistent with the voltage of the lithium battery, that is, the working voltage at both ends of the heating wire is consistent with the voltage of the lithium battery, and the voltage of the power output is decreased as the voltage of the lithium battery decreases. It also drops. When the lithium battery voltage drops to 3.3V or 2.75V, the control chip controls the power supply to stop the output voltage.

 In the existing electronic cigarette, since the voltage applied to the two ends of the heating wire is a constant voltage or can only change with the voltage of the lithium battery, the longer the smoking time, the higher the temperature of the heating wire, when the temperature of the heating wire exceeds the vaporization temperature of the smoking oil. At the same time, the oil will be cracked and the burnt smell will be produced. Summary of the invention

 Based on this, it is necessary to provide a heating wire which can delay the temperature rise of the heating wire, and an electronic cigarette using the heating wire.

 A heating wire for an electronic cigarette, wherein the material of the heating wire comprises: 46% to 78% nickel, 0.005% to 0.4% bismuth and iron.

In one embodiment, 0.1% to 3% of manganese is also included in mass percentage. In one embodiment, from 0.01% to 0.3% chromium is also included in mass percent. In one embodiment, 0.005% to 0.1% of copper is also included in mass percent. In one of the embodiments, molybdenum having a mass percentage of 0.01% or less is further included.

 In one of the embodiments, ruthenium having a mass percentage of 2% or less is also included.

 In one of the embodiments, hydrazine having a mass percentage of 1% or less is also included.

 In one of the embodiments, carbon having a mass percentage of 0.03% or less is also included.

 In one embodiment, the heating wire of the electronic cigarette has a diameter of 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm. An electronic cigarette comprising the heating wire of the electronic cigarette according to any of the above.

 In the heating wire of the above-mentioned electronic cigarette, the content of each component is reasonable, and the lanthanum element can refine the crystal grain, and the grain refinement can increase the metal strength, improve the mechanical properties such as toughness, eliminate thermal stress cracks, depressions, pitting, Porosity, bubbles, meteor tails, etc., and fine grains, can effectively prevent crystal defects such as crystal dislocation and inter-crystal slip. The germanium element has a large affinity with the impurities 0 and S in the nickel-iron liquid, and can purify nickel. The molten iron avoids the directional growth of the primary phase during crystallization, thus avoiding coarse grains. In addition, the lanthanum element increases the number of nucleation and further refines the crystal grains. When the current is supplied, the heating wire is generated. The electrothermal effect causes the temperature to rise. Due to the addition of the rare earth element lanthanum to the material of the heating wire, the crystal lattice of the material of the heating wire is more compact, the ordering is more tidy, and the vibration of the molecule is more hindered, so that when the temperature rises, The electron motion of the alloy of the heating wire is more difficult than the ordinary alloy, that is, its resistance increases rapidly with increasing temperature. While reducing the current through the heating wire, so that the heating wire power reduction, which can greatly delay the temperature rise rate of the heating wire, the heating wire temperature to avoid excessive smoke reaches the cracking temperature of the oil, reducing the rate of several electronic cigarette burnt generated. DRAWINGS

 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an electronic cigarette;

2 is a block diagram showing the structure of an electronic cigarette according to an embodiment. detailed description The above described objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the embodiments of the invention. Numerous specific details are set forth in the description below in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention, and thus the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

 The material of the heating wire of the electronic cigarette of one embodiment, in terms of mass percentage, includes the following components:

46%~78% nickel, 0.005%~0.4% bismuth and iron.

 Nickel (Ni) has good formability, forms stable austenite structure, improves the corrosion resistance of heating wire and enhances the strength, plasticity, toughness, etc. of the alloy. Since nickel is a scarce resource, the price is high, so nickel The mass percentage is controlled at 46% to 78%.

 铈 (Ce) can strengthen the grain boundary, improve the creep strength and long-lasting strength of the heating wire, remove harmful impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus in the heating wire, and greatly improve the impact toughness of the heating wire.铈 can refine grains, reduce crystal segregation and heat treatment brittleness. The alloy material structure treated with a certain amount of lanthanum element is composed of many small crystallites. At the grain boundary, the so-called grain boundary (crystal A barrier is formed on the boundary, which hinders the electron from crossing into the adjacent region, thus generating high resistance. This effect is cancelled when the temperature is low because the high dielectric constant and spontaneous polarization at the grain boundary are At low temperatures, the formation of barriers is hindered, and electrons can flow freely. This effect is greatly reduced at high temperatures, and the dielectric constant and polarization are greatly reduced, resulting in a strong increase in barrier and resistance. The resistance increases with increasing temperature, so the mass percentage of niobium is controlled to be 0.01%-0.04%.

 Iron (Fe) is mainly used to adjust the temperature coefficient of resistance and resistivity of the heating wire.

In the above heating wire, the content of each component is reasonable, and the lanthanum element can refine the crystal grain, and the purpose of refining the crystal grain is to increase the metal strength, improve the mechanical properties such as toughness, and eliminate thermal stress cracks, depressions, pitting, and pores. Bubbles, meteor tails, etc., and small crystal grains, can effectively prevent crystal defects such as crystal dislocation and inter-crystal slip. The yttrium element has a large affinity with 0 and S in the nickel-iron liquid, and can purify the nickel-iron liquid. In the crystallization, the directional growth of the primary phase is avoided, thereby avoiding coarse grains. In addition, the lanthanum element increases the number of nucleation and further refines the crystal grains. When the current is applied, the nickel-iron alloy generates an electrothermal effect. Increasing the temperature, because the heating wire is added with rare earth element strontium, thereby heating the wire The crystal lattice is tighter, the ordering is more tidy, and the vibration of the molecule is more hindered, so that when the temperature rises, the electron movement of the alloy is more difficult than the ordinary alloy, that is, its resistance will increase with temperature. Rapidly increase, thereby reducing the current through the heating wire, so that the power of the heating wire is reduced, so that the temperature of the heating wire can be greatly delayed, the temperature of the heating wire can be prevented from reaching the cracking temperature of the oil, and the burning of the electronic cigarette can be reduced. The chance.

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire further comprises 0.1% to 3% (mass percentage, the content of which is the mass percentage). Manganese (Mn) is an important element in the heating wire, which contributes to the heating wire texture and increases the robustness, strength and wear resistance. During the heat treatment process, the inside of the heating wire can be deoxidized, the strength can be improved, and the adverse effects of sulfur can be weakened and eliminated. Therefore, the mass percentage of manganese is controlled to be 0.1% to 3%, and the preferred control is 0.4% to 1%. .

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire further comprises 0.01% to 0.3% of chromium. Chromium (Cr) can improve the hardness, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the heating wire, but chromium also reduces the plasticity and toughness of the heating wire, so the mass percentage of chromium is controlled to 0.01%-0.1%, preferably Control is between 0.02% and 0.03%.

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire further comprises 0.005% to 0.1% of copper. Copper (Cu) can improve the strength and toughness of the heating wire material in the heating wire, can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the heating wire, and can adjust the temperature coefficient of resistance and electrical resistivity of the heating wire, but it is easy to produce hot brittleness during hot working. To reduce the mechanical properties of the heating wire, the mass percentage of copper is controlled to be 0.005% to 0.1%, preferably 0.01% to 0.03%.

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire further comprises molybdenum having a mass percentage of 0.01% or less. Molybdenum (Mo) can increase the recrystallization rate of the heating wire, effectively eliminate (or reduce) the residual stress in the heat treatment, and increase the strength and hardness of the heating wire, which can increase the resistance to deformation, cracking and wear, etc. The mass percentage of molybdenum is controlled to be 0.01% or less, and preferably controlled to be 0.001% or less.

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire further comprises cerium having a mass percentage of 2% or less. Niobium (Nb) can increase the strength and hardness of the heating wire material, and at the same time improve the plasticity and toughness of the heating wire. However, when the niobium content is more than 2%, the strength increases slowly, and the plasticity and toughness drop sharply. The content is controlled to be 2% or less. Preferably, the mass percentage of rhodium is controlled to be 0.005% to 0.01%.

Preferably, the material of the heating wire further comprises cerium having a mass percentage of 1% or less.铼(La) can The high-temperature strength and plasticity of the heating wire material are increased, so that the mass percentage of niobium is controlled to be 1% or less, preferably 0.01% to 0.02%.

 Further, the material of the heating wire further includes carbon having a mass percentage of 0.03% or less. Carbon (C) is generally present as an impurity in the heating wire, and can strengthen the heating wire material. However, as the carbon content increases, the plasticity and toughness of the heating wire deteriorate, so the mass percentage of carbon is controlled to be less than 0.03%.

 Further, the material of the heating wire further includes sulfur having a mass percentage of 0.01% or less. Sulfur (S) is a harmful element in the heating wire, which causes the alloy material to rupture at high temperatures. This phenomenon is called "hot brittleness, and will reduce the ductility, toughness, corrosion resistance of the heating wire material, and during welding. It is easy to generate hot cracks. Sulfur is generally present as an impurity in a nickel-iron alloy, so the mass percentage of sulfur is controlled to be 0.01% or less.

 Further, the material of the heating wire further includes silicon having a mass percentage of 2% or less. Silicon (Si) is a strong deoxidizer that increases the hardness, yield point and tensile strength of the alloy. If it exceeds 2%, the plasticity and toughness of the alloy material will decrease. Generally, it exists as an impurity in a nickel-iron alloy material. Therefore, the present invention controls the mass percentage of silicon to 2% or less, preferably, 0.5% or less.

 Further, the material of the heating wire further includes phosphorus having a mass percentage of 0.1% or less. Phosphorus (P) is also a harmful element in the heating wire, which can significantly reduce the plasticity and toughness of the heating wire. Generally, it exists as an impurity in the nickel-iron alloy material. Therefore, the mass percentage of phosphorus is controlled to be below 0.1%, and the preferred control is 0.01% or less.

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire, in mass percent, comprises the following components:

 Nickel 46%~48%,

 Carbon 0~0.03%,

 Sparse 0-0.01%,

 Silicon 1-3%,

 Manganese 0.4%~0.5%,

 Phosphorus 0-0.01%,

Chromium 0.02%~0.03%, Copper 0.01%~0.022%,

 铈 0.01%~0.015%,

 铌 0ο~ • 0.01%,

 铼 0-0.02%,

 1

 ο

 The balance is iron.

When the diameter of the heating wire is 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm, the average temperature coefficient of resistance of the heating wire at 0 ° C - 100 ° C is 3000 x 1 (T ⁶ rC - 3300 x ^{10 - 6} / ° C, the resistivity of the heating wire ( 0.4-0.5) ± 0.005μΩ·πι.

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire, in mass percent, comprises the following components:

 Nickel 49%~59%,

 Carbon 0-0.03%,

 Sparse 0-0.01%,

 Silicon 1-2%,

 Manganese 0.4%~0.55%,

 Phosphorus 0-0.01%,

 Chromium 0.02%~0.03%,

 Copper

 0.02%~0.025%,

 铌 0-0.01%,

 铼 0-0.02%,

 The balance is iron.

When the diameter of the heating wire is 0.08mm~0.12mm, the average temperature coefficient of resistance of the heating wire at 0°C-100°C is 3400 xl (T ⁶ /°C -4000 xlO- ⁶ /°C, heating wire The resistivity is (0.2-0.4) ± 0.005 μΩ·πι.

 Preferably, the material of the heating wire, in mass percent, comprises the following components:

 Nickel 60%~78%,

Carbon 0-0.03%, 0-0.01%,

 Silicon 1-3%,

 Manganese 0.4%~0.57%,

 Phosphorus 0-0.01%,

 Chromium 0.02%~0.03%,

 Copper 0.02%~0.03%,

 铈 0.03%~0.04%,

 铌 0~0.01%,

 铼 0-0.02%,

 The balance is iron.

When the diameter of the heating wire is 0.08mm~0.12mm, the average temperature coefficient of resistance of the heating wire at 0°C-100°C is 4000xlO- ⁶ /°C -5000xlO- ⁶ /°C, and the resistivity of the heating wire is ( 0.17-0.23 ) ± 0.005μΩ·πι.

 Preferably, the heating wire has a diameter of 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm.

 When the heating wire is prepared, the heating wire is obtained by co-melting, melting, calcining, hot rolling, annealing, wire rod, and wire drawing of the components of the heating wire.

 Referring to Fig. 1, an electronic cigarette according to an embodiment includes a heating wire 11, a smoke oil storage member 12, a power source 13, and a controller 14.

 The heating wire 11 is any of the above-described heating wires.

 The soot oil storage member 12 is connected to the heating wire 11 for storing the soot oil, and the soot oil has a vaporization lower limit temperature t1 and a vaporization upper limit temperature t2. When the temperature of the heating wire 11 is between the vaporization lower limit temperature tl of the smoke oil and the vaporization upper limit temperature t2, the smoke oil is vaporized, and the electronic cigarette can achieve the smoking effect. However, when the temperature of the heating wire 11 exceeds the upper vaporization temperature t2, the smoke oil is cracked, and a burnt smell is generated. In order for the electronic cigarette to not generate a burnt smell, it is necessary to stably fluctuate the temperature of the heating wire assembly between the vaporization lower limit temperature t1 and the vaporization upper limit temperature t2.

The power source 13 supplies a voltage to the heating wire 11 and is electrically connected to the controller 14. The controller 14 controls the output voltage of the power source 13, and when the voltage applied across the heating wire 11 is high, the temperature of the heating wire 11 It will rise, and when the voltage applied across the heating wire 11 is lowered, the temperature of the heating wire 11 will drop. Therefore, by controlling the power source 13 to increase the output voltage or lower the output voltage, the temperature of the heating wire 11 can be controlled.

 As shown in FIG. 2, which is a structural block diagram of an electronic cigarette according to an embodiment, the controller 14 includes a control module 140 for controlling the output voltage of the power source 13. The controller 14 further includes a temperature detecting module 141 electrically connected to the heating wire 11 for detecting the real-time temperature t0 of the heating wire 11. The temperature detecting module 141 is provided with a lower heat generating temperature t3 and a heat generating upper limit temperature t4, the lower heat generating temperature t3 is higher than the vaporizing lower limit temperature t1 of the smoke oil, and the heat generating upper limit temperature t4 is lower than the vaporizing upper limit temperature t2 of the smoke oil. When the real-time temperature t0 is less than or equal to the heat-generating lower limit temperature t3, the controller 14 controls the power source 13 to increase the output voltage to heat the heating wire 11; when the real-time temperature t0 is greater than the heat-generating lower limit temperature t3 and less than the heat-generating upper limit temperature t4, the controller 14 controls The power source 13 maintains the current voltage output; when the real-time temperature t0 is greater than or equal to the heat-generating upper limit temperature t4, the controller 14 controls the power source 13 to lower the output voltage to cool the heating wire 11. In the present embodiment, the heating wire 11 has a positive temperature coefficient, and its resistance value linearly increases as the temperature rises, and the temperature detecting module 141 measures the resistance value of the heating wire 11 to determine the real-time temperature t0. Since the resistance value of the heating wire 11 linearly increases as the temperature increases, the temperature detecting module 141 only needs to detect the resistance value of the heating wire 11, and can quickly determine the real-time temperature t0 of the heating wire 11, so that the control module 140 can be quickly In response, the control power source 13 changes the output voltage.

 In one embodiment, the controller 14 further includes a time detecting module 142 electrically connected to the temperature detecting module 141 and the control module 140 for detecting that the heating wire 11 is heated from the lower limit temperature t3 to the upper limit temperature t4. The required heating time Tl. The time detecting module 142 is provided with a reference time Τ0. When the heating time T1 is less than the reference time TO, the controller 14 determines that the smoke oil has been used up, the control power source 13 is turned off, and the power source 13 stops outputting the voltage. When the remaining amount of the smoke oil is small or has been used up, the temperature of the heating wire 11 is rapidly increased, and the time detecting module 142 detects the temperature of the heating wire 11 to prevent the temperature of the electronic cigarette from rising rapidly in a short time. , helps protect the circuit.

In one embodiment, the electronic cigarette further includes a mouthpiece 15, the controller 14 further includes a smoking detection module 143 connected to the mouthpiece 15, and the smoking detection module 143 is configured to detect a smoking action. The time detecting module 142 is electrically connected to the smoking detection module and has a standby time T2 for detecting and comparing the smoking action. The interval T3, when the smoking detection module 143 detects the smoking action and the interval time Τ3 is less than the standby time Τ2, the controller 14 determines that the user is normally smoking, and the control power source 13 outputs a voltage; when the interval time Τ3 is equal to the standby time Τ2, the controller 14 It is judged that the user stops smoking, and the control power source 13 is turned off. In this embodiment, the interval Τ3 of the smoking action is used to determine whether the user is smoking. When the user does not smoke for a long time, the electronic cigarette is automatically turned off, which is conducive to saving power.

 In one embodiment, the electronic cigarette further includes a display light 16 connected to the controller 14, and the controller 14 controls the display light 16 through the control module 140 to display a normal smoking state, a smoke exhausted state, and a stop smoking state.

 Since the electronic cigarette includes the temperature detecting module 141, the controller 14 controls the output voltage of the power source 13 according to the temperature of the heating wire 11, to prevent the electronic cigarette from generating a burnt smell due to the excessive temperature of the heating wire 11, and at the same time, the temperature of the heating wire 11 is within a certain range. Stable fluctuations inside, ensuring consistent taste for each cigarette and saving power to the power supply. The above-described heating wire will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

 The heating wires of Examples 1 to 3 were prepared by the following steps:

 The heating wire can be obtained by eutectic, smelting, calcining, hot rolling, annealing, wire rod, and wire drawing of the components of the heating wire. For each of the examples, heating wires having a diameter of 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.10 mm, and 0.12 mm were prepared, respectively. At least 5 strips of each of the heating wires of each diameter were prepared for testing.

 The material composition of the heating wire in Examples 1 to 3 is shown in Table 1. Table 1

 Composition Composition Example 1 Example 2 Example 3

 Nickel 46.21% 51.23% 71.28%

 Silicon 0.18% 0.15% 0.22%

 Manganese 0.41% 0.47% 0.56%

 Chromium 0.024% 0.023% 0.028%

Copper 0.022% 0.023% 0.020% 4 0.015% 0.023% 0.032% 铌0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

 0.02 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%

 Carbon 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%

 Shi Ke 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

 Brick 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

 Iron surplus f remaining f remaining f

 Note: The percentages in Table 1 are all by mass. The heating wires prepared in Examples 1 to 3 were respectively 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.10 mm, and 0.12 mm, and the test results were shown in Table 2.

 Among them, the heating wire diameter tolerance is ±0.005mm. The soft elongation of the heating wire is > 20%. Wire diameter tolerance of soft wire elongation > 20mm.

 The meter resistance is tested in accordance with the method specified in GB/T6146.

 Table 2

 Example heating wire diameter meter resistance

 ( mm ) ( Ω/m )

 0.08 96.11-104.95

 Example 1 0.09 75.94-82.93

 0.10 61.51-67.17

 0.12 42.72-44.85

 0.08 57.32-61.51

 Example 2 0.09 45.29-48.60

 0.10 36.68-39.36

 0.12 25.48-27.34

0.08 44.74-47.17 Example 3 0.09 35.35-37.27

 0.10 28.63-30.19

 0.12 18.89-20.97

 Note: In view of the fact that multiple heating wires of the same diameter are annealed during the preparation process, and the test has errors, the test results fluctuate within a certain range. It is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

Claim  A heating wire for an electronic cigarette, characterized in that the material of the heating wire of the electronic cigarette comprises, in terms of mass percentage, comprising: 46% to 78% nickel, 0.005% to 0.4% bismuth and iron.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises 0.1% to 3% of manganese by mass percentage.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises 0.01% to 0.3% of chromium by mass percentage.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises 0.005% to 0.1% of copper in terms of mass percentage.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, further comprising molybdenum having a mass percentage of 0.01% or less.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, further comprising a crucible having a mass percentage of 2% or less.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, further comprising a crucible having a mass percentage of 1% or less.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, further comprising carbon having a mass percentage of 0.03% or less.  The heating wire for an electronic cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the heating wire of the electronic cigarette has a diameter of 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm.  An electronic cigarette comprising the heating wire of the electronic cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 9.