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WO2015177297A1 - Appareil et procédé pour évaluer un composant d'article à fumer - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour évaluer un composant d'article à fumer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015177297A1
WO2015177297A1 PCT/EP2015/061305 EP2015061305W WO2015177297A1 WO 2015177297 A1 WO2015177297 A1 WO 2015177297A1 EP 2015061305 W EP2015061305 W EP 2015061305W WO 2015177297 A1 WO2015177297 A1 WO 2015177297A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat source
combustible heat
holder
load
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/061305
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rui Nuno BATISTA
Ana BORGES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products SA
Original Assignee
Philip Morris Products SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philip Morris Products SA filed Critical Philip Morris Products SA
Publication of WO2015177297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015177297A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/22—Cigarettes with integrated combustible heat sources, e.g. with carbonaceous heat sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0266—Cylindrical specimens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for evaluating the mechanical integrity of a smoking article component.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for evaluating the mechanical integrity of a combustible heat source for a smoking article.
  • a number of smoking articles in which tobacco is heated rather than combusted have been proposed in the art.
  • An aim of such heated smoking articles is to reduce known harmful smoke constituents produced by the combustion and pyrolytic degradation of tobacco in conventional cigarettes.
  • an aerosol is generated by heating a flavour generating substrate, such as tobacco.
  • Known heated smoking articles include, for example, electrically heated smoking articles and smoking articles in which an aerosol is generated by the transfer of heat from a combustible fuel element or heat source to a physically separate aerosol forming material.
  • the aerosol forming material may be located within, around or downstream of the fuel element.
  • WO-A-2009/022232 discloses a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source, an aerosol-generating substrate downstream of the combustible heat source and a heat-conducting element around and in contact with a rear portion of the combustible heat source and an adjacent front portion of the aerosol-generating substrate.
  • volatile compounds are released from the aerosol forming material by heat transfer from the fuel element and entrained in air drawn through the smoking article. As the released compounds cool they condense to form an aerosol that is inhaled by the consumer.
  • combustible carbon-based and non-carbon-based combustible heat sources for use in heated smoking articles have previously been proposed in the art.
  • Combustible carbon-based and non- carbon-based heat sources and methods for producing such heat sources are described in, for example, US-A-5, 076,297 and US-A-5, 146,934.
  • combustible heat sources comprise fuel particles held together by a binder. The strength of the bonds by which such heat sources are held together, or the "mechanical integrity" of such combustible heat sources, is important to avoid breakage, for example during manufacture or use.
  • a method of evaluating the mechanical integrity of a combustible heat source for a smoking article comprising the steps of holding the combustible heat source in a holder such that at least part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder in a first direction, applying a transverse load to the protruding part of the combustible heat source transverse to the first direction by moving a load applicator relative to the holder in a second direction, the load applicator having a contact surface by which the transverse load is applied to the combustible heat source at one or more points spaced in the first direction from the holder, wherein the step of holding further comprises substantially preventing translation or rotation of a held portion of the combustible heat source in response to the transverse load, increasing the transverse load until mechanical failure of the combustible heat source occurs, and measuring the transverse load at which the mechanical failure occurs.
  • transverse' refers to a direction extending across the first direction. This includes directions that are perpendicular to the first direction and directions that are oblique to the first direction. Preferably, transverse means substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the first direction is the direction in which at least part of the heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • the first direction is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the heat source, a rod comprising the heat source, or a smoking article comprising the heat source,
  • the first direction is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the top surface of the holder.
  • the load causes a combination of shear force and bending moment to be applied to the combustible heat source.
  • This has been found to provide a more reliable indicator of the mechanical integrity of the combustible heat source in comparison to purely compressive or tensile load applications, or by means of a three- point bending test (where the heat source is supported at both of its ends and a transverse load applied between the points of support), since it is more representative of the forces exerted on the heat source during use.
  • the method of the present invention can be used to evaluate the mechanical integrity of combustible heat sources of various lengths without the results being unduly influenced by the breakage at the edges of the sample.
  • the reaction force from the supports at either end of a sample can cause stress concentrations at the edges, leading to breakage at these locations. Breakage of the heat source is thus heavily dependent on the strength of the heat source at its edges and the geometry of the supports, making it difficult to reliably determine the mechanical integrity of the whole part.
  • the combustible heat source may be held in the holder such that the entire heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • the combustible heat source may be held in the holder such that only part of the heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • the step of holding may comprise holding the heat source directly.
  • the step of holding may comprise holding the heat source indirectly.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold a smoking article comprising the heat source, or a rod comprising the heat source and one or more other components of a smoking article.
  • the step of holding comprises substantially preventing translation or rotation of a held part of the heat source in response to the transverse load.
  • the held part of the heat source is the portion of the heat source held by the holder.
  • the held part of the heat source is the portion of the heat source which is held by an intermediate component positioned between the holder and the heat source.
  • the held part of the heat source may be the portion held in place by one or more other components of the smoking article, such as one or more heat conducting elements, or wrappers, or a combination thereof.
  • the step of measuring the load may be performed using any suitable load measuring device.
  • the step of measuring the load is carried out using a load cell.
  • the holder may comprise a base, the position of which determines, in use, the amount by which the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • the method may further comprise the step of adjusting the position of the base in the first direction.
  • the holder may comprise a recess sized to receive and hold the combustible heat source, or a smoking article comprising the combustible heat source, such that part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder in the first direction.
  • translation or rotation of the combustible heat source in response to the transverse load may be substantially prevented by the recess and the step of holding comprises placing the combustible heat source or a smoking article comprising the combustible heat source in the recess.
  • an apparatus for evaluating the mechanical integrity of a combustible heat source for a smoking article comprising a holder for holding a combustible heat source such that at least part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder in a first direction, and a load applicator moveable relative to the holder in a second direction transverse to the first direction, wherein the load applicator is arranged to apply a transverse load, when moved in the second direction, to a protruding part of the combustible heat source at a point spaced in the first direction from the holder and wherein the holder is arranged to substantially prevent translation or rotation of a held part of the combustible heat source in response to the transverse load.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the heat source such that the entire heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • holder may be arranged to hold the heat source such that only part of the heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the heat source directly.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the heat source indirectly.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold a smoking article comprising the heat source, or a rod comprising the heat source and one or more other components of a smoking article.
  • the holder is arranged to substantially prevent translation or rotation of a held part of the heat source in response to the transverse load.
  • the held part of the heat source is the portion of the heat source held by the holder.
  • the held part of the heat source is the portion of the heat source which is held by an intermediate component positioned between the holder and the heat source.
  • the held part of the heat source may be the portion held in place by one or more other components of the smoking article, such as one or more heat conducting elements, or wrappers, or a combination thereof.
  • the transverse load may be measured using any suitable load measuring device which may or may not form part of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus further comprises a load measuring device for measuring the transverse load applied by the load applicator to the heat source.
  • the load measuring device is a load cell.
  • the load cell may be any suitable type, for example, but not limited to, pneumatic, electric, hydraulic, or a combination thereof.
  • the holder is arranged to hold the combustible heat source such that part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder in the first direction and such that translation or rotation of the heat source in response to the transverse load is substantially prevented.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the heat source directly, that is, through direct contact between the holder and the heat source.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the heat source indirectly.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold a smoking article, or a rod comprising the heat source and one or more other components of a smoking article, at a position spaced from the heat source.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the combustible heat source in any predetermined orientation.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the combustible heat source such that the longitudinal axis of the rod is aligned with the first direction.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold a combustible heat source separately from any other components.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold a combustible heat source, which is assembled with one or more other components of a smoking article.
  • the holder is arranged to hold a smoking article comprising the combustible heat source.
  • the holder is arranged to hold to hold a rod comprising the combustible heat source and one or more other components of a smoking article.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold a rod comprising the combustible heat source and a tobacco plug.
  • the holder may take any suitable form.
  • the holder may comprise one or more of a set of tongs, a clamp, vice, or other gripping mechanism.
  • the holder may comprise a ring or a sleeve mounted on a base, the ring or sleeve being sized to hold the combustible heat source.
  • the holder comprises a recess sized to receive and hold the combustible heat source, or a rod comprising the combustible heat source, or a smoking article comprising the combustible heat source, such that part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder in the first direction. Translation or rotation of the combustible heat source in response to the transverse load may be substantially prevented by the recess.
  • the recess may be a cavity formed in the holder, or a hole through the holder.
  • the recess may have any suitable configuration.
  • the walls of the recess may be solid and arranged to circumscribe the combustible heat source, or may be discontinuous and only partially surround the combustible heat source.
  • the walls of the recess may be formed from a mesh, or a series of concentric rings.
  • the combustible heat source By having a holder, which comprises a recess sized to receive and hold the combustible heat source, or a smoking article comprising the combustible heat source, the combustible heat source, or a smoking article comprising the combustible heat source can be easily and quickly received and held by the holder for evaluation.
  • the recess is of substantially uniform diameter to receive and hold a combustible heat source of substantially uniform diameter.
  • the recess may alternatively be tapered so that the diameter of an upper portion of the recess is greater than the diameter of a lower portion thereof.
  • Particularly preferred are recesses that are substantially cylindrical.
  • the recess may, for example, be a cylinder or tapered cylinder of substantially circular cross-section or a cylinder or tapered cylinder of substantially elliptical cross-section.
  • the terms 'upper' and 'top' and 'bottom' and 'lower' are used to describe the relative positions of components of the apparatus when the apparatus is orientated so that a combustible heat source held by the holder protrudes upwards from the upper portion of the holder. These terms are used irrespective of the actual orientation of the apparatus. For example, the apparatus could be arranged so that a combustible heat source held by the holder protrudes laterally from the holder.
  • 'cylindrical' describes a three-dimensional shape that has a substantially constant cross section along its length and includes, for example, cylinders having a circular, elliptical or rectangular cross-section.
  • the recess may be sized to receive combustible heat sources of only one particular size or shape.
  • the recess may be provided with one or more interchangeable sleeves or adapters which may be inserted into the recess to vary the size, shape, or size and shape of the recess, allowing the apparatus to be used to evaluate a variety of sizes or shapes of combustible heat source, or to vary how much of the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • the holder may comprise a base, the position of which determines, in use, the amount by which the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder in the first direction.
  • the base may be a separate component attached to one or more of the other components of the holder.
  • the base may comprise a platform on which one or more of the other components of the holder are mounted, either directly or indirectly.
  • the holder comprises a recess sized to receive and hold the combustible heat source, or a smoking article comprising the combustible heat source
  • the base may comprise a stopper in the recess.
  • the recess comprises a through hole
  • the base may comprise a stopper in the through hole or close to and spaced apart from the bottom of the through hole to define the recess.
  • the base may form an integral part of the recess.
  • the base may be fixed relative to other components of the holder.
  • the base may be moveable relative to other components of the holder.
  • the position of the base is adjustable in the first direction to change the amount by which the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder in the first direction.
  • the base may comprise any suitable adjustment mechanism.
  • the base may comprise a threaded nut or screw, one or more detents to engage with the walls of the recess, or may create a friction fit with the recess, for example with a resilient element provided on an outer surface of the base.
  • the apparatus further comprises a micrometer having a micrometer head, wherein the base comprises the micrometer head and wherein the position of the base is adjustable in the first direction by adjusting the micrometer head.
  • the micrometer can be used to both move and measure the position of the base, and the amount by which the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder, without any additional measurements being required.
  • the micrometer may be attached to the holder.
  • the recess has a substantially constant cross sectional diameter of from about 5mm to about 9 mm, preferably from about 7.8 mm to about 8 mm, and has a depth of from about 3 mm to about 6 mm.
  • the recess has a substantially constant cross sectional diameter of from about 5mm to about 9 mm, preferably from about 8 mm to about 8.1 mm, and has a depth of from about 50 mm to about 60 mm.
  • the recess comprises a through hole and the holder has a base close to, and spaced apart from, the bottom of the recess
  • the depth of the recess may be determined by the depth of the through hole plus the distance from the bottom of the through hole to the base. In such embodiments, the distance from the bottom of the through hole to the base is preferably from about 10 mm to about 15 mm.
  • the holder may be arranged to hold the combustible heat source such that the longitudinal axis of the heat source is in any particular orientation.
  • the holder is arranged to hold the combustible heat source such that the longitudinal axis of the heat source is substantially parallel to the first direction.
  • the apparatus comprises a load applicator moveable relative to the holder in a second direction transverse to the first direction to apply a transverse load to part of a combustible heat source protruding from the holder.
  • the load applicator may be moved in the second direction by any suitable means.
  • the load applicator may be moved in the second direction by an electrical actuator, a pneumatic actuator, or a hydraulic actuator, or a combination thereof.
  • the load applicator may be moved in the second direction by a linear actuator.
  • the apparatus may comprise a load cell connected to the load applicator to measure the load applied to the combustible heat source.
  • the load applicator may be arranged to apply a transverse load to the combustible heat source by pulling against the combustible heat source.
  • the load applicator is arranged to apply a transverse load to the combustible heat source by pushing against the combustible heat source.
  • the load applicator is arranged to apply the transverse load at a distance from the holder. That is, the load applicator is arranged to apply the transverse load at a position spaced in the first direction from the point at which the combustible heat source protrudes from the holder.
  • the load applicator may have any suitable shape.
  • the load applicator has a flat bottom surface for sliding along a corresponding flat top surface of the holder.
  • the load applicator is cylindrical, for example the load applicator may be a rectangular parallelpiped.
  • the load applicator may be a piston.
  • the load applicator has a width (that is, a dimension in a direction perpendicular to the first and second directions) of from about 12 mm to about 14 mm.
  • one or both of the load applicator and the top surface of the holder comprise guide means for ensuring the load applicator moves back and forth along a single line, the line being coincident with the second direction.
  • the top surface of the holder may comprise a track that is parallel to the second direction for guiding the load applicator.
  • the interface between the bottom surface of the load applicator and the top surface of the holder is lubricated. This minimises the effect of friction at the interface on the results obtained with the apparatus. Any suitable lubricant, or lubricants, may be used.
  • the interface may be lubricated with lubricating oil.
  • the load applicator may have a contact surface at one or both of its ends.
  • the contact surface of the load applicator that is, the surface of the load applicator that contacts and applies the transverse load to the combustible heat source, may have any suitable orientation.
  • the contact surface may be a point contact, may be concave or convex, or may be planar in a particular direction.
  • the load applicator has a contact surface that is planar in the first direction.
  • this distributes the transverse load across a height of a cylindrical combustible heat source to reduce localised stress concentrations at the point of contact between the load applicator and the combustible heat source.
  • the amount of the combustible heat source to which the transverse load is applied to be increased by adjusting the position of the combustible heat source, or of the load applicator, to increase the area of the contact surface in contact with the combustible heat source.
  • the load applicator has a contact surface that is shaped to fit around at least part of the combustible heat source. This distributes the transverse load around at least part of the circumference of the combustible heat source to reduce localised stress concentrations at the point of contact between the load applicator and the combustible heat source.
  • the contact surface may also be planar.
  • the contact surface is formed from an arc-shaped recess in an outer surface of the load applicator.
  • the contact surface may comprise a semi-circular recess in an outer surface of the load applicator.
  • Such a contact surface is particularly suited to evaluating the mechanical integrity of combustible heat sources having circular cross sections.
  • the contact surface is planar in the first direction and comprises an arc-shaped recess in an outer surface of the load applicator.
  • the contact surface is planar in the first direction and comprises a semi-circular recess in the load applicator.
  • the recess is arranged to at least partially receive a right circular cylindrical combustible heat source.
  • the recess has a radius of from about 2.5mm to about 4.5mm, preferably from about 3.9mm to about 4mm.
  • the contact surface is planar in the first direction and has a height (that is, a dimension in the first direction) of from about 4 mm to about 6 mm.
  • the contact surface is at a distance from the holder of from about 2 mm to about 3 mm. In other words, the distance between the plane of the top surface of the holder and the bottom of the contact surface is from about 2 mm to about 3 mm.
  • the holder and the load applicator may be arranged such that the contact surface distributes the transverse load along any suitable amount of the height of the combustible heat source, for example along the entire height of the contact surface.
  • the combustible heat source is received and held by the holder and the load applicator arranged such that the contact surface applies the transverse load to a height of the combustible heat source of from about 3 mm to about 4 mm. That is, the contact surface is in contact with the heat source along the first direction for a distance of from about 3 mm to about 4 mm.
  • the apparatus may comprise any suitable material or materials. Suitable materials include various metals or metal alloys.
  • Suitable materials include various metals or metal alloys.
  • the holder, the base of the holder and the load applicator all comprise stainless steel.
  • Figure 1 shows a smoking article including a combustible heat source
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective sectional view of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention, the apparatus holding a combustible heat source;
  • Figure 3 shows a cross sectional side view of the apparatus of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 shows a top view of the load applicator of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 shows cross-sectional side views taken through line T-T of Figure 4 of various alternative load applicator configurations
  • Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional side view of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention, the apparatus holding a combustible heat source;
  • Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional side view of an apparatus according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional side view of the apparatus of Figure 7, the apparatus holding a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source;
  • Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional side view of an apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the apparatus holding a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source.
  • Figure 1 shows one example of a smoking article with which certain embodiments of apparatus according to the present invention may be used.
  • Figure 1 shows a smoking article similar to that described in WO-A-2009/022232.
  • the smoking article 100 comprises a combustible heat source 103, an aerosol-generating substrate 105, an elongate expansion chamber 107 and a mouthpiece 109 in abutting coaxial alignment, which are overwrapped in an outer wrapper of cigarette paper 1 1 1.
  • the combustible heat source 103 is cylindrical and comprises a central airflow channel 1 13 which extends longitudinally through the heat source 103.
  • the aerosol-generating substrate 105 is located immediately downstream of the combustible heat source 103 and comprises a cylindrical plug of homogenised tobacco material 1 15 comprising glycerine as aerosol former and circumscribed by filter plug wrap 1 17.
  • the elongate expansion chamber 107 is located downstream of the aerosol-generating substrate 105 and comprises a cylindrical open-ended tube of cardboard 121.
  • the mouthpiece 109 is located downstream of the expansion chamber 107 and comprises a cylindrical plug of cellulose acetate tow 123 circumscribed by filter plug wrap 125.
  • the apparatus of the present invention may be used to evaluate the mechanical integrity of any combustible heat source for a smoking article, but finds particular application as an apparatus for evaluating the mechanical integrity of combustible heat sources for smoking articles like the one
  • FIGS 2 to 4 are views of an apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective sectional view of the apparatus when holding a combustible heat source and Figure 3 shows a cross sectional side view of the apparatus without a combustible heat source.
  • Figure 4 shows a top view of the load applicator of the apparatus of Figures 2 and 3.
  • the apparatus 200 comprises a holder 210 for holding a combustible heat source HS and a load applicator 220 for applying a transverse load to the combustible heat source HS.
  • the holder 210 comprises a fixed body 212 having a substantially flat upper surface 213 and a right circular cylindrical hole 214 there through.
  • the holder 210 also comprises a right circular cylindrical base 216 that forms a plug in the hole 214. Together, the hole and the base form a recess 218 for receiving and holding the combustible heat source HS.
  • the recess 218 faces upwards from the fixed body 212 such that a combustible heat source HS held by the holder 210 will protrude upwards in a first direction that corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the recess 218.
  • the depth C of the recess 218 is defined by the position of the base 216, which is fixed relative to the hole 214. The position of the base 216, and thus the depth C of the recess 218, determines the amount of the combustible heat source HS held within the recess 218 of the holder 210 and the amount of the combustible heat source which HS protrudes from the holder 210. In this example, depth C is approximately 3 mm.
  • the load applicator 220 comprises a rectangular, parallelpiped body 222 having a first end 224 to which a load F is applied by an actuator (not shown) and a second end 226 by which the load applicator transfers the load to the combustible heat source HS.
  • the load applicator 220 has a width J which is greater than the diameter of the combustible heat source HS. In this example, width J is approximately 12 - 14 mm.
  • the load applicator 220 is slidable on its bottom surface along the upper surface 213 of the holder 210 in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction and which is indicated by arrow F in Figure 2.
  • the second end 226 of the load applicator 220 includes a planar contact surface 228 that is shaped to fit around part of the circumference of the combustible heat source HS.
  • the contact surface 228 is formed from a semi-circular recess in the second end 226.
  • the second end 226 is approximately half the height (that is, the dimension in the first direction) of the first end 224 and has a substantially uniform height.
  • the top surface 230 of second end 226 lies flush with the top surface 231 of the rest of the load applicator 220.
  • the bottom surface 232 of second end 226 is spaced in the first direction from the upper surface 213 of the holder 210.
  • the contact surface 228 is also spaced in the first direction from the upper surface 213 of the holder 210.
  • the bottom edge of contact surface 228 is approximately 2-3 mm from the upper surface 213 of the holder 210.
  • the bottom surface 232 of second end 226 is connected to the rest of the load applicator 220 by transition zone 234, the depth of which decreases from that of the first end 224 to that of the second end 226.
  • the semi-circular recess extends through the second end 226 about an axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the recess 218.
  • the contact surface 228 is planar in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the recess 218.
  • the contact surface 228 is spaced in the first direction from the upper surface 213 of the holder 210.
  • the contact surface 228 is planar in the first direction.
  • the height of the contact surface 228 in each case may vary.
  • the position of the contact surface 228 relative to the top surface of the load applicator 220 may also vary. For instance, in examples 2 and 4, the top of contact surface 228 is level with the top surface 231 of the rest of the load applicator 220, whereas in examples 1 , 3 and 5-8, the top of the contact surface 228 is lower than the top surface 231 of the rest of the load applicator 220.
  • Second end 226 may have a height that varies. For instance, in examples 1 and 4-8, the second end 226 decreases in height towards the contact surface 228.
  • the shape and height of the transition zone 234 may also vary.
  • a user inserts the combustible heat source HS into the recess 218 of the holder 210 so that the longitudinal axis of the combustible heat source HS is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the recess 218 and so that part of the combustible heat source HS protrudes from the recess 218 in the first direction, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the combustible heat source HS protrudes from the recess 218 by an amount in the region of 5-7 mm. The remainder of the combustible heat source HS is received within and held by the recess 218.
  • the load applicator 220 is then moved in the second direction, towards the recess 218, until the combustible heat source HS is received in the semi-circular recess defined in the second end 226 of the load applicator 220 which defines the contact surface 228.
  • the contact surface 228 and the combustible heat source HS should be aligned so that the contact surface 228 fits around and contacts the combustible heat source HS.
  • Movement of the load applicator 220 in the second direction is continued such that a transverse load is applied by the contact surface 228 to the combustible heat source HS.
  • the amount of the transverse load is increased until the combustible heat source HS breaks. In other words, until mechanical failure of the combustible heat source occurs.
  • the transverse load applied at the point of failure is measured by a load cell (not shown) to determine whether the combustible heat source HS was able to withstand a minimum threshold of transverse load which would indicate a satisfactory
  • Figure 6 is a cross sectional side view of an apparatus according to a second aspect of the invention.
  • the apparatus 600 is of largely identical construction to the apparatus 200 according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the base 616 is moveable in the first direction relative to the fixed body 612.
  • the base 616 is formed from the head of a micrometer (not shown) which is attached to the fixed body 612. By moving the base 616, the depth C of the recess 618 can be varied between 3 mm and 6 mm.
  • a user inserts the combustible heat source HS into the recess 618 of the holder 610 so that the longitudinal axis of the combustible heat source HS is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the recess 618 and so that part of the combustible heat source HS protrudes from the recess 618 in the first direction.
  • the position of the base 616 is adjusted by rotating the micrometer head relative to the rest of the micrometer and to the fixed body 612 until the base 616 is in the desired position.
  • the base 616 is adjusted so that the combustible heat source HS protrudes from the recess 618 by an amount in the region of 6- 7 mm. The remainder of the combustible heat source HS is received within and held by the recess 618.
  • the position of the base 616 can be moved and measured simultaneously.
  • the load applicator 620 is then moved in the second direction, towards the recess 618, until the combustible heat source HS is received in the semi-circular recess defined in the second end 626 of the load applicator 620 which defines the contact surface 628.
  • the contact surface 628 and the combustible heat source HS should be aligned so that the contact surface 628 fits around and contacts the combustible heat source HS. Movement of the load applicator 620 in the second direction is continued such that a transverse load is applied by the contact surface 628 to the combustible heat source HS. The amount of the transverse load is increased until the combustible heat source HS breaks. In other words, until mechanical failure of the combustible heat source occurs. The transverse load applied at the point of failure is measured by a load cell (not shown) to determine whether the combustible heat source HS was able to withstand a minimum threshold of transverse load which would indicate a satisfactory level of mechanical integrity.
  • Figures 7 and 8 are views of an apparatus according to a third aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a perspective cross sectional side view of the apparatus without a smoking article
  • Figure 8 shows a cross sectional side view of the apparatus with a smoking article received and held by the holder.
  • the apparatus 700 is of largely identical construction to the apparatus 200 according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • fixed body 712 and the hole 714 there through are considerably higher (that is, they have a larger dimension in the first direction) so that the holder can receive and hold a smoking article S comprising a combustible heat source, as shown in Figure 7.
  • the base 716 of the holder 710 comprises a flat plate below and spaced apart from the hole 714 and to which the fixed body 712 is bolted.
  • Spacers 717 are provided between the fixed body 712 and the base 716 so that the fixed body 712 is spaced from the base 716 in the first direction by a distance E.
  • the hole 714 and the base 716 together define the recess 718 in which the article being evaluated is received.
  • the height of the hole 714 (as indicated by dimension L in Figure 7) is in the region of 50-60 mm and distance E is in the region of 10-15 mm. This gives a recess depth in the region of 60-75 mm
  • the final dimensions selected will depend on the size of the smoking articles with which the apparatus will be used.
  • the holder 710 is arranged so that part of the combustible heat source (not shown) is received in and held by the recess 718 and part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the recess 718 in the first direction.
  • a user inserts a smoking article S comprising the combustible heat source into the recess 718 of the holder 710 so that the longitudinal axes of the smoking article S and the combustible heat source are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the recess 718 and so that part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the recess 718 in the first direction, as shown in Figure 8.
  • the combustible heat source protrudes from the recess 718 by an amount in the region of 3-9 mm The remainder of the combustible heat source is received within and held by the recess 718.
  • the load applicator 720 is then moved in the second direction, towards the recess 718, until the combustible heat source is received in the semi-circular recess defined in the second end 726 of the load applicator 720 which defines the contact surface 728.
  • the contact surface 728 and the combustible heat source should be aligned so that the contact surface 728 fits around and contacts the combustible heat source.
  • Movement of the load applicator 720 in the second direction is continued such that a transverse load is applied by the contact surface 728 to the combustible heat source HS.
  • the amount of the transverse load is increased until the combustible heat source HS breaks. In other words, until mechanical failure of the combustible heat source occurs.
  • the transverse load applied at the point of failure is measured by a load cell (not shown) to determine whether the combustible heat source HS was able to withstand a minimum threshold of transverse load which would indicate a satisfactory level of mechanical integrity.
  • Figure 9 is a cross sectional side view of an apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the invention.
  • the apparatus 900 is of largely identical construction to the apparatus 200 according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the base 916 is moveable in the first direction relative to the fixed body 912.
  • the base 916 is formed from the head of a micrometer (not shown) which is attached to the fixed body 912.
  • the depth C of the recess 918 can be varied to hold articles of various lengths, such as smoking articles, rods for smoking articles, combustible heat sources, or specially prepared test samples of any of the aforementioned articles, all of which may come in various lengths.
  • a user inserts a smoking article S comprising the combustible heat source into the recess 918 of the holder 910 so that the longitudinal axes of the smoking article and the combustible heat source are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the recess 918 and so that part of the combustible heat source protrudes from the recess 918 in the first direction, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the position of the base 916 is adjusted in the first direction by rotating the micrometer head relative to the rest of the micrometer and to the fixed body 912 until the base 916 is in the desired position.
  • the base 916 is adjusted so that the combustible heat source protrudes from the recess 918 by an amount in the region of 6-10 mm. The remainder of the combustible heat source is received within and held by the recess 918.
  • the position of the base 916 can be moved and measured simultaneously.
  • the load applicator 920 is then moved in the second direction, towards the recess 918, until the combustible heat source is received in the semi-circular recess defined in the second end 926 of the load applicator 920 which defines the contact surface 928.
  • the contact surface 928 and the combustible heat source should be aligned so that the contact surface 928 fits around and contacts the combustible heat source. Movement of the load applicator 920 in the second direction is continued such that a transverse load is applied by the contact surface 928 to the combustible heat source HS. The amount of the transverse load is increased until the combustible heat source HS breaks. In other words, until mechanical failure of the combustible heat source occurs. The transverse load applied at the point of failure is measured by a load cell (not shown) to determine whether the combustible heat source HS was able to withstand a minimum threshold of transverse load which would indicate a satisfactory level of mechanical integrity.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'évaluation de l'intégrité mécanique d'une source de chaleur combustible pour un article à fumer. Le procédé comprend les étapes de maintien de la source de chaleur combustible dans un support de sorte qu'une partie de la source de chaleur combustible fasse saillie depuis le support dans une première direction, application d'une charge à la partie saillante de la source de chaleur combustible dans une deuxième direction transversale par rapport à la première direction par déplacement d'un applicateur de charge par rapport au support dans la deuxième direction, augmentation de la charge jusqu'à ce qu'une rupture mécanique de la source de chaleur combustible se produise et mesure de la charge à laquelle la rupture survient. L'applicateur de charge comporte une surface de contact par l'intermédiaire de laquelle la charge est appliquée à la source de chaleur combustible à un point espacé dans la première direction par rapport au support et l'étape de maintien comprend en outre la prévention substantielle de translation ou rotation de la partie maintenue de la source de chaleur combustible en réponse à la charge.
PCT/EP2015/061305 2014-05-23 2015-05-21 Appareil et procédé pour évaluer un composant d'article à fumer Ceased WO2015177297A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14169744 2014-05-23
EP14169744.1 2014-05-23

Publications (1)

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WO2015177297A1 true WO2015177297A1 (fr) 2015-11-26

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107660816A (zh) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-06 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 一种评估电子雾化器漏液概率的方法
CN110887742A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-03-17 宁波大学 一种基于牛腿结构的大尺寸岩体结构面剪切试验的多油缸推动方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2151798A (en) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-24 Schenck Ag Carl Testing the shearing strength of jointed test pieces
US5076297A (en) 1986-03-14 1991-12-31 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for preparing carbon fuel for smoking articles and product produced thereby
US5146934A (en) 1991-05-13 1992-09-15 Philip Morris Incorporated Composite heat source comprising metal carbide, metal nitride and metal
US6324916B1 (en) * 1999-12-15 2001-12-04 Ultradent Products, Inc. Testing shear bond strength
WO2009022232A2 (fr) 2007-08-10 2009-02-19 Philip Morris Products S.A. Article à fumer à base de distillation
WO2010020778A1 (fr) * 2008-08-19 2010-02-25 Dage Precision Industries Ltd. Dispositif et procédé d'essai de cisaillement à grande vitesse

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2151798A (en) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-24 Schenck Ag Carl Testing the shearing strength of jointed test pieces
US5076297A (en) 1986-03-14 1991-12-31 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for preparing carbon fuel for smoking articles and product produced thereby
US5146934A (en) 1991-05-13 1992-09-15 Philip Morris Incorporated Composite heat source comprising metal carbide, metal nitride and metal
US6324916B1 (en) * 1999-12-15 2001-12-04 Ultradent Products, Inc. Testing shear bond strength
WO2009022232A2 (fr) 2007-08-10 2009-02-19 Philip Morris Products S.A. Article à fumer à base de distillation
WO2010020778A1 (fr) * 2008-08-19 2010-02-25 Dage Precision Industries Ltd. Dispositif et procédé d'essai de cisaillement à grande vitesse

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107660816A (zh) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-06 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 一种评估电子雾化器漏液概率的方法
CN107660816B (zh) * 2016-07-27 2020-08-04 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 一种评估电子雾化器漏液概率的方法
CN110887742A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-03-17 宁波大学 一种基于牛腿结构的大尺寸岩体结构面剪切试验的多油缸推动方法
CN110887742B (zh) * 2019-11-14 2022-12-06 宁波大学 基于牛腿结构的大尺寸岩体结构面剪切试验的推动方法

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