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WO2015176144A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour la détente d'un écoulement de gaz et pour la récupération simultanée d'énergie depuis l'écoulement de gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour la détente d'un écoulement de gaz et pour la récupération simultanée d'énergie depuis l'écoulement de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015176144A1
WO2015176144A1 PCT/BE2015/000023 BE2015000023W WO2015176144A1 WO 2015176144 A1 WO2015176144 A1 WO 2015176144A1 BE 2015000023 W BE2015000023 W BE 2015000023W WO 2015176144 A1 WO2015176144 A1 WO 2015176144A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
outlet
outgoing
outgoing power
demanded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BE2015/000023
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kris Van Campfort
Kristof Pascal Hubin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Copco Airpower NV
Original Assignee
Atlas Copco Airpower NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Copco Airpower NV filed Critical Atlas Copco Airpower NV
Publication of WO2015176144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015176144A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for expanding a gas flow and for the simultaneous recovery of energy from this gas flow.
  • the invention is intended for expanding a gas flow and for the simultaneous recovery of energy from this gas flow by driving the gas flow through a pressure reducing unit with a rotor with an outgoing shaft for the conversion of energy from the gas flow into mechanical energy on this shaft.
  • Gases for example steam, are often used in industrial processes as a driving force or for the process.
  • the gas is first raised to a higher energy level by heating and/or compression to a higher pressure, to then expand the gas in the process to a demanded reduced pressure and temperature, depending on the demanded gas flow downstream, by driving the gas through a pressure reducing unit.
  • This preset value can be fixed or variable and is imposed by the downstream installations for example. With a variable value a different value for the pressure at the outlet is preset when this is demanded by downstream installations .
  • a controller will be provided with the operating point of the pressure reducing unit to maintain the instantaneous preset value for the pressure at the outlet .
  • control is done entirely on the basis of the requirements of the gas flow.
  • a disadvantage is that the energy recovery is not always optimum, as no account is taken of the characteristics of the pressure reducing unit itself.
  • Another disadvantage is that the outgoing power cannot be controlled or kept stable.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solution to at least one of the aforementioned and other disadvantages .
  • the object of the present invention is a method for expanding a gas flow and for the simultaneous recovery of energy from this gas flow by driving the gas flow through a pressure reducing unit with a rotor with an outgoing shaft for the conversion of energy from the gas flow into mechanical energy on this shaft, whereby the method consists of controlling the pressure at the outlet of the pressure reducing unit within a preset operating range between a minimum pressure p min and a maximum pressure Pmax at the outlet, taking account of the inlet and outlet conditions and the properties of the pressure reducing unit so that the outgoing power remains constant, remains a maximum or so that an optimum energy conversion is obtained.
  • the operating range for the pressure at the outlet can be imposed by the downstream installations for example.
  • An advantage of such a method is that the outgoing power produced by the pressure reducing unit can be controlled as the pressure at the outlet can be freely chosen within this aforementioned operating range, whereby not only is account taken of the requirements of the downstream installation but also of the characteristics of the pressure reducing unit itself, for example, that determine the efficiency of the energy conversion.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the outgoing power demanded on the outgoing shaft and taking the following steps on the basis of this:
  • the outgoing power on the shaft can be kept constant or at a maximum, a specific power can be assured, and the aforementioned electricity consumers can be supplied with electric power at all times.
  • the method when the pressure at the outlet is controlled such that the outgoing power on the outgoing shaft remains constant and equal to the demanded outgoing power, the method consists of providing a set of operating curves for different inlet and outlet conditions that define the relationship between the outgoing power on the outgoing shaft and the pressure at the outlet, and whereby the method comprises the step of determining the inlet and outlet conditions and taking the following steps on the basis of this:
  • This method has the advantage that it is easy to implement.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the outgoing power on the outgoing shaft and taking any one of the following steps on the basis of this:
  • the invention also concerns a device for expanding a gas flow and for the simultaneous recovery of energy from this gas flow, whereby this device comprises a pressure reducing unit with an inlet and an outlet for the gas flow and with a rotor with an outgoing shaft for the conversion of the energy from the gas flow into mechanical energy on this shaft, means for controlling the pressure at the outlet, whereby the device is provided with a controller for the control of the aforementioned means to adjust the pressure at the outlet within a set operating range between a minimum pressure p min and a maximum pressure p max at the outlet, so that, taking account of the inlet and outlet conditions and the properties of the pressure reducing unit (5) , the outgoing power remains constant or such that an optimum energy conversion is obtained.
  • figure 1 schematically shows a device according to the invention
  • figure 2 schematically shows an operating curve of the pressure reducing unit used in the device of figure 1;
  • figure 3 schematically shows the operating curve of figure 2 indicating different operating points in the application of a method according to the invention;
  • figure 4 schematically shows the relationship between the efficiency of the energy conversion and the speed of the pressure reducing unit.
  • the device shown in figure 1 essentially comprises a gas pipe 2 with an inlet pipe 3 and an outlet pipe 4, whereby a pressure reducing unit 5, in the form of an expander with an inlet 6 connection to the inlet pipe 3 and an outlet 7 to which the outlet pipe 4 connects, is provided in the gas pipe 2.
  • a pressure reducing unit 5 in the form of an expander with an inlet 6 connection to the inlet pipe 3 and an outlet 7 to which the outlet pipe 4 connects, is provided in the gas pipe 2.
  • the inlet pipe 3 is connected to a boiler 8 or any other source of gas at high temperature and/or pressure for the supply of a gas flow Q to the inlet pipe 3 of the gas pipe 2 that connects to a downstream installation 9 that uses the gas process-wise as a driving force or as a process gas for a chemical reaction or similar.
  • the gas is steam. However, it is not excluded that another gas or gas mixture is used.
  • the pressure reducing unit 5 is constructed as a screw expander with a double rotor 10 that is rotatably affixed in a housing 11 with the aforementioned inlet 6 and outlet 7.
  • the double rotor 10 is formed by two helical rotors 10a, 10b with lobes that mesh together, and which together with the housing 11 at the inlet define a gastight chamber 12 that, when the rotors 10a, 10b are turning, moves from the inlet 6 to the outlet 7 and thereby becomes increasingly larger so that the gas trapped in this gastight chamber 12 can expand.
  • One of the two rotors 10b is affixed to an outgoing shaft 13 that extends through the housing 11 to the outside, and which in this case is mechanically coupled to a load 14, for example in the form of a generator that is used for the electricity supply to electricity consumers 15 that are connected thereto and which is schematically shown in the example by a lamp.
  • a load 14 for example in the form of a generator that is used for the electricity supply to electricity consumers 15 that are connected thereto and which is schematically shown in the example by a lamp.
  • the device 1 is provided with means 16 for controlling the pressure p u at the outlet 7.
  • a first possibility for controlling the pressure p u is formed in the example by a variable speed control 17 for controlling the speed of the outgoing shaft 13 that is connected to the load 14 in order to change the counter- torque on the outgoing shaft 13 and thus to influence the speed.
  • a second possibility for controlling the pressure p u at the outlet 7 is provided in this example by a variable choke 18, for example in the form of a choke valve that is provided at the inlet 6, and whereby the gas flow 8 that is allowed through the pressure reducing unit 5 can be controlled by closing or opening the choke valve more or less .
  • variable speed control 17 and the control of the flow rate by means of the choke 18 are present in the example of figure 1, it is possible to provide only one of the two controls.
  • the device also comprises a controller 19 that is connected to the variable speed control 17 and the choke 18.
  • the controller 19 is also connected to means 20 for determining the outgoing power P A on the outgoing shaft 13 and means 21 for determining the demanded outgoing power Pv.
  • the device 1 is also provided with means 22 for determining the inlet and outlet conditions, the signal from which is connected to the controller 19.
  • the operation of the device 1 is very simple and as follows .
  • the pressure reducing unit 5 will be supplied with steam originating from the boiler 8, for example, to which the inlet pipe 3 is connected. A gas flow Q will be allowed through the pressure reducing unit 5.
  • the expanded steam is removed via the outlet 7 from the pressure reducing unit 5 via the outlet pipe 4 to a downstream installation 9.
  • This steam can also be guided to a production process or fed back to the boiler 8 in a circuit process.
  • the controller 19 makes use of the variable speed control 17 and/or the choke 18 at the inlet 6.
  • the controller 19 In order to determine the pressure p u at the outlet 7, the controller 19 will determine the demanded outgoing power P v using the means 21 to determine the demanded outgoing power When there is no demand for outgoing power, the controller will adjust the pressure p u at the outlet 7 such that it is a maximum and equal to p max .
  • the pressure reducing unit 5 will then produce the maximum power P Y possible within the operating range defined by p m in and Pmax-
  • the controller 19 can adjust the pressure p u at the outlet 7 such that the outgoing power P A is equal to the demanded outgoing power P v .
  • the controller 19 comprises a set of operating curves for different inlet and outlet conditions, for example, that define the relationship between the outgoing power ⁇ ⁇ on the outgoing shaft 13 and the pressure p u at the outlet 7.
  • the controller 19 also comprises an algorithm that makes use of the inlet and outlet conditions of the pressure reducing unit, in other words the pressure, temperature and gas flow at the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 that are determined by using the means 22.
  • the algorithm determines the operating curve applicable at that time from the aforementioned set of operating curves, for example the curve shown in figure 2, corresponding to the prevailing inlet and outlet conditions at that time.
  • the point Zl shows the current operating point of the pressure reducing unit 5, with a pressure p u at the outlet 7 equal to pi and an outgoing power P A on the outgoing shaft 13 equal to Pi.
  • the algorithm determines the operating point on this curve where the outgoing power P A is equal to the demanded outgoing power P v and the corresponding pressure p u at the outlet 7.
  • This operating point can be the point Z 2 for example, as shown in figure 2, whereby the demanded outgoing power P v is equal to P2 and the corresponding pressure p u is equal to p ⁇ -
  • the controller 19 will then adjust the pressure p u at the outlet 7 to the aforementioned corresponding pressure p 2 .
  • the outgoing power P A will be equal to P ⁇ and thus equal to the demanded outgoing power P v under constant conditions at the inlet 6 and the outlet 7.
  • the algorithm is based on the determination of the outgoing power P A using the means 20.
  • the controller 19 will decrease the pressure p u at the outlet 7.
  • the demanded outgoing power P v is P n for example, corresponding to a pressure p n .
  • the outgoing power P A will hereby increase.
  • the change in outgoing power P A is measured by the aforementioned means 20 and the signal is passed on to the controller 19.
  • the controller 19 will decrease the pressure p u at the outlet until the outgoing power P A is equal to the demanded outgoing power P n . This corresponds to an operating point Z n whereby the pressure p u at the outlet 7 is equal to p n .
  • the means 22 for determining the inlet and outlet conditions can be absent and that the controller 19 does not need to comprise a set of operating curves.
  • a choke 18 is provided at the outlet 7 in the outlet pipe 4 instead of in the inlet pipe 3.
  • the controller 19 can control the pressure reducing unit 5 such that the pressure p u at the outlet 7 lies within the operating range defined by the minimum pressure p min and the maximum pressure p ma x whereby the pressure p u at the outlet is chosen such that an optimum or most efficient energy conversion is always obtained.
  • the controller 19 will hereby take account of the inlet and outlet conditions and of the machine properties of the pressure reducing unit 5.
  • the machine properties determine the efficiency E at which the pressure reducing unit 5 will convert steam energy into mechanical energy on the outgoing shaft 13.
  • Figure 4 shows a curve as an example that shows the relationship between the speed T of the outgoing shaft 13 and the efficiency E of the energy conversion.
  • the optimum conversion does not occur at the maximum speed, but at the point A at a speed T A whereby the maximum efficiency E A is reached.
  • the controller 19 will consequently select this pressure p u within the operating range at the outlet, for which the corresponding speed T is as close as possible to the speed T A .
  • controller 19 it is possible for the controller 19 to also take account of other properties and characteristics of the pressure reducing unit 5 that can influence the efficiency E.
  • the choke 18 will change the outlet conditions so that the operating curve of figure 4 is adjusted for example so that the most optimum energy conversion can be obtained, or in other words so that the pressure reducing unit 5 has its most optimum operating point within the imposed operating range, whereby a maximum system efficiency is reached.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour la détente d'un écoulement de gaz (Q) et pour la récupération simultanée d'énergie par l'entraînement de l'écoulement de gaz (Q) à travers une unité de réduction de pression (5) comprenant un rotor (10) doté d'un arbre de sortie (13) pour la conversion d'énergie de l'écoulement de gaz (Q) en énergie mécanique sur cet arbre (13), le procédé consistant à réguler la pression (Pu) au niveau de l'évacuation (7) de l'unité de réduction de pression (5) dans une plage de fonctionnement prédéfinie entre une pression minimale (Pmin) et une pression maximale (pmax), en prenant en compte les conditions d'admission et d'évacuation et les propriétés de l'unité de réduction de pression (5), de sorte que la puissance de sortie reste constante, reste un maximum, reste un minimum ou de sorte qu'une conversion d'énergie optimale soit obtenue.
PCT/BE2015/000023 2014-05-19 2015-05-11 Dispositif et procédé pour la détente d'un écoulement de gaz et pour la récupération simultanée d'énergie depuis l'écoulement de gaz Ceased WO2015176144A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2014/0380A BE1021895B1 (nl) 2014-05-19 2014-05-19 Werkwijze en inrichting voor het expanderen van een gasstroom en voor het gelijktijdig recupereren van energie uit deze gasstroom.
BE2014/0380 2014-05-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015176144A1 true WO2015176144A1 (fr) 2015-11-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BE2015/000023 Ceased WO2015176144A1 (fr) 2014-05-19 2015-05-11 Dispositif et procédé pour la détente d'un écoulement de gaz et pour la récupération simultanée d'énergie depuis l'écoulement de gaz

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BE (1) BE1021895B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015176144A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10221594A1 (de) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-27 Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur wirkungsgradoptimierten Regelung einer Turbine
DE10339881B3 (de) * 2003-08-29 2004-12-16 Köhler & Ziegler Anlagentechnik GmbH Verfahren zur Regelung einer Kraft-Wärme-Kopplungsanlage
EP2540995A1 (fr) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Appareil de production d'énergie

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10221594A1 (de) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-27 Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur wirkungsgradoptimierten Regelung einer Turbine
DE10339881B3 (de) * 2003-08-29 2004-12-16 Köhler & Ziegler Anlagentechnik GmbH Verfahren zur Regelung einer Kraft-Wärme-Kopplungsanlage
EP2540995A1 (fr) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Appareil de production d'énergie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE1021895B1 (nl) 2016-01-25

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