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WO2015156666A1 - Dispositif et installation de conversion d'énergie solaire - Google Patents

Dispositif et installation de conversion d'énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015156666A1
WO2015156666A1 PCT/NL2015/050220 NL2015050220W WO2015156666A1 WO 2015156666 A1 WO2015156666 A1 WO 2015156666A1 NL 2015050220 W NL2015050220 W NL 2015050220W WO 2015156666 A1 WO2015156666 A1 WO 2015156666A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conversion
conversion device
sunlight
separate
segments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NL2015/050220
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roy Bijl
Peter Penning
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SUNCYCLE BV
Original Assignee
SUNCYCLE BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from NL2012583A external-priority patent/NL2012583B1/en
Application filed by SUNCYCLE BV filed Critical SUNCYCLE BV
Publication of WO2015156666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015156666A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/80—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors having discontinuous faces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/422—Vertical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/52—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material
    • F24S80/525—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material made of plastics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/484—Refractive light-concentrating means, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/488—Reflecting light-concentrating means, e.g. parabolic mirrors or concentrators using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • F24S2023/872—Assemblies of spaced reflective elements on common support, e.g. Fresnel reflectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar energy conversion device for producing energy from sunlight, comprising a housing with an entry window for capturing sunlight and with conversion means which are able and configured to extract energy from sunlight and emit it in changed form, wherein between the entry window and the conversion means an optical system is provided which comprises refracting means which are able and configured to receive a light ray at a first angle on an entry side and to allow it to exit at a second angle on an exit side, and comprising concentrator means which are able and configured to receive sunlight from the refracting means in a first surface and concentrate it in a target area of smaller size than the first surface.
  • the conversion device described therein comprises a closed housing with a prismatic Fresnel lens as the entry window, followed by a parabolic mirror inside the housing. Both the lens and the mirror can be rotated individually about their own rotation axis. The lens and the mirror are oriented continuously toward each other and relative to an actual position of the sun in the sky, so that a light ray from the sun entering at an angle of incidence varying over the day and throughout the year will exit from the lens at a fixed exit angle. Because the mirror is likewise rotatable inside the housing, it can always be oriented with an optical main axis thereof parallel to the outgoing light ray exiting from the lens. The sunlight captured at the entry window is thus continuously concentrated in the focal point of the parabolic mirror, irrespective of the position of the sun in the sky.
  • the present invention has for its object, among others, to provide a solar energy conversion device which provides to at least a significant extent a solution to one or more of these problems.
  • a solar energy conversion device of the type described in the preamble has the feature according to the invention that the first surface is divided into a number of separate segments which each capture a part of a light ray exiting from the refracting means and concentrate it in a target area of more limited size corresponding thereto, and that the optical system is able and configured to project the separate target areas of the separate segments in separate sub-areas of an optically active surface of the conversion means.
  • the device thus comprises concentrator means with a segmented reflector surface, the segments of which each have their own focal point in order to thereby be able to accommodate a possible diffusion in the supplied light ray and to be able to process the sunlight as separate fractions. Because these fractions are projected on separate sub-areas of the active surface of the conversion means, a more uniform distribution of the sunlight over an active surface of the conversion means is achieved. This significantly enhances both the energy efficiency and the heat management of the conversion means, and moreover results in an increased lifespan, particularly if doped semiconductor components are involved here.
  • a solar energy conversion device has the feature that the concentrator means comprise reflecting means with a segmented reflector surface of a number of at least substantially continuous segments with at least substantially parabolic curvature having at least substantially mutually parallel optical main axes along which the entering light ray is received and with mutually separate focal points toward which a part of the light ray captured by a segment is converged.
  • a further particular embodiment of the solar energy conversion device here has the feature according to the invention that the reflector surface is assembled from four at least substantially continuous segments which are arranged in quadrants roughly around the active surface of the conversion means. Owing to the central location of the conversion means they will be exposed relatively equally from each of the quadrants, whereby the sunlight will be supplied to the conversion means with a favourable energy distribution.
  • Refracting means and concentrator means of diverse nature adapted thereto can be utilized per se within the context of the invention.
  • the aim here is preferably a combination which can be accommodated in a relatively compact housing and has externally of the housing no parts which move and are thereby susceptible to malfunction, and need not undergo any change in form at least externally in order to be able to capture the sunlight optimally.
  • a further particular embodiment of the solar energy conversion device according to the invention fully satisfies these requirements and is characterized for this purpose in that the refracting means comprise a prismatic lens with a stepped sawtooth profile on a first main surface thereof and a flat structure on an opposite second main surface, in particular a Fresnel lens.
  • Such a prismatic lens is able to capture a parallel light ray at an angle of incidence and to emit it at an exit angle, wherein, given determined material factors and a wavelength of the light, the exit angle is directly dependent on the angle of incidence.
  • a relatively simple rotation of such a lens about a rotation axis suffices to be able to follow a changing position of the sun in the sky so as to keep an inclination of the exiting ray constant relative to a surface of the lens.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the solar energy conversion device has the feature that the refracting means are rotatable in the housing about a first rotation axis and are coupled to first displacing means in order to impart thereto a rotation about the first rotation axis, that the concentrator means are rotatable in the housing about a second rotation axis, optionally coinciding with the first rotation axis, and are coupled to second displacing means in order to impart thereto a rotation about the second rotation axis, and that the first and second displacing means are coupled to control means which, at least during operation, control the displacing means so as to orient the refracting means and the concentrator means relative to each other and relative to the sun, subject to an actual position of the sun in the sky, by a rotation of at least one of the refracting means and the concentrator
  • a further preferred embodiment of the solar energy conversion device has the feature that secondary optical means are provided between the separate target areas of the segments and the active surface in order to capture a sub-ray exiting from a segment at the position of the target area corresponding thereto and to project it at least substantially wholly in an area of its own on the active surface.
  • the secondary optical means are able to capture the separate fractions close to their individual target areas (i.e. focal points) with entry windows provided there, and to subsequently guide them to the separate sub-areas of the active surface.
  • the solar energy conversion device according to the invention has the feature here that the secondary optical means comprise for each segment an optical entry window which lies in an optical path just in front of the focal point of the relevant segment. An individual focal point does not therefore fully coincide with an entry window but lies a little behind it, whereby the sunlight of each fraction can be captured more favourably and already has a certain spatial distribution over the active surface.
  • the secondary optical means can per se comprise separate optical components, although in a further preferred embodiment the solar energy conversion device according to the invention is characterized in that the secondary optical means are combined into a shared secondary optical component which particularly comprises a shared monolithic secondary optical glass body.
  • the conversion means can be provided here directly on this component, so that an integral unit is hereby obtained which can be assembled or exchanged as one whole.
  • a particular embodiment of the solar energy conversion device comprises such a specific optical component and is characterized for this purpose in that the secondary optical unit comprises for each segment between the entry window and a common exit window a body which is chamfered in accordance with the exit window but is otherwise at least substantially conical, wherein individual centre lines of the separate conical bodies enclose an angle of inclination with the exit window, particularly an angle of inclination lying between 55 and 75 degrees, more particularly an angle of inclination of about 60 degrees or about 70 degrees.
  • the conical bodies each open here with an optical entry window toward one of the segments of the concentrator means in order to capture the fraction of sunlight exiting therefrom. Owing to internal reflection on the walls of the associated body the sunlight is then for the greater part captured and guided to the exit window.
  • the active surface of the conversion means is here located opposite the exit window. Owing to the chosen compact construction of the whole, sunlight possibly still exiting from the body will be captured on another sub-area of the active surface so that the energy content thereof is preserved for the purpose of conversion.
  • the secondary optical unit is suspended together with the conversion means at a fixed position at least substantially in an imaginary central perpendicular plane relative to the segments of the concentrator means, wherein the entry windows of the optical unit are located at least substantially at the position of the focal points of the segments, in particular centrally a little in front thereof, and more particularly in that the secondary optical unit and the conversion means extend from a connecting arm which extends at least substantially on one side from the housing.
  • This latter one-sided suspension allows the device to be oriented at a location such that the arm is situated mainly on a shadow side relative to the conversion means, so that no or hardly any loss of efficiency will thereby be caused.
  • the solar energy conversion device according to the invention is able to concentrate the captured sunlight on a limited target area for conversion.
  • a great advantage hereof is that it is possible to suffice with conversion means of only limited size, this contributing significantly toward the economic efficiency of the device, which depends largely on the still considerable cost price of usual solar energy conversion means such as solar cells.
  • a significant improvement in economic efficiency is therefore made with a further preferred embodiment of the solar energy conversion device according to the invention which is characterized in that the conversion means comprise at least one photovoltaic cell body, particularly a photovoltaic cell body comprising a III-V semiconductor layer, more particularly a III-V gallium-arsenide (GaAs) layer and/or an indium-gallium-phosphide (InGaP) layer.
  • GaAs III-V gallium-arsenide
  • InGaP indium-gallium-phosphide
  • the limited size of the target area of the device particularly allows the utilization therefor of such III-V semiconductor components which, although relatively expensive, are particularly favourable for the intended conversion.
  • the invention also relates to an integral solar energy conversion installation comprising a series of conversion devices according to the invention coupled in mutual relation with control means common to at least a number of the series of conversion devices and an energy output shared by at least a number of the series of conversion devices.
  • figure 1 shows a cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of a solar energy
  • figure 2 shows an enlarged view of secondary optical means as applied in the device of figure 1 ;
  • figure 3 shows a schematic top view of the reflecting means and secondary optical means of the device of figure 1 ;
  • figure 4 shows an energy distribution of incident sunlight over separate entry
  • figure 5 shows an energy distribution of incident sunlight over the target area and active surface of the conversion means, wherein the secondary optical means of figure 3 are applied, as determined on the basis of simulation calculations;
  • figure 6 shows a photovoltaic power distribution on the basis of a distribution of light, taking into account spectral aberrations, over the active surface of the conversion means, wherein the secondary optical means of figure 3 are applied, as determined on the basis of simulation calculations.
  • the figures are otherwise purely schematic and not drawn to scale. Some dimensions in particular may be exaggerated to greater or lesser extent for the sake of clarity.
  • FIG. 1 This exemplary embodiment of such a device for producing energy from sunlight is shown in cross-section in figure 1.
  • the device is wholly accommodated in an at least substantially dust-tight, substantially closed housing 10 which extends from a base frame 15.
  • the housing can be disposed at a certain angle relative to the earth's surface in order to capture the sun as effectively as possible on site subject to the altitude and latitude of the specific location on earth and subject to a possible local inclination of the earth's surface relative to the horizon.
  • the device makes use of two optical components which are each mounted in the device for rotation about their own rotation axis so as on the one hand to capture the sun and concentrate it in particularly efficient manner on a more limited target area and on the other to provide a particularly effective solar tracking system which is fully enclosed in the housing.
  • This relates in the first place to refracting means in the form of a rotatable prismatic lens 20 which serves as entry window through which sunlight is admitted into the device.
  • a transparent plate body 20 which is flat on an outer side and which closes the device on an entry side, and which is provided on an inner side with a regular sawtooth profile in the surface.
  • a particular form hereof which is highly suitable in the present embodiment is a so-called Fresnel lens.
  • any transparent material can be utilized for the purpose, in particular clear glass, from a viewpoint of cost price and processability a transparent plastic such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate is advantageously applied here, wherein the plate body formed therefrom can optionally further be provided with an optical coating, for instance an anti-reflection coating and/or a scratch-resistant protective layer.
  • Lens 20 is mounted in the housing for rotation about a rotation axis 25 and is driven by a first stepping motor 26 which is accommodated in the housing.
  • An arithmetic control unit (not further shown), which takes into account an actual position of the sun in the sky, is coupled to the stepping motor and can be provided internally as well as externally of housing 10.
  • Sunlight which is incident on lens 20 at varying angles of incidence in accordance with the time of day, the day of the year and the location on earth, can be refracted by means of a rotation adapted thereto of the lens about rotation axis 25 which has been calculated by the arithmetic control on the basis of above stated parameters, such that the ray of sunlight nevertheless always exits at a constant inclination to the surface of the lens so as to be received at this constant inclination by concentrator means further accommodated in the housing.
  • these concentrator means comprise a reflector 30 with a with a parabolically curved reflector surface.
  • the reflector is also rotatable about its own rotation axis 35 and is driven for this purpose by a second stepping motor 36 which is likewise accommodated in the housing.
  • the orientation and curvature of the parabolic reflector and the inclination at which the ray of sunlight exits from the lens are adapted to each other such that an optical main axis 37 of parabolic reflector 30 has the same inclination relative to lens 20. With an adequate rotation of reflector 30 or rotation axis 35 the optical main axis 37 of the reflector can thus always be set parallel to the ray of sunlight exiting lens 20.
  • This rotation is also calculated by the arithmetic unit on the basis of above stated parameters and imparted to reflector 30 by means of the second stepping motor 36 controlled thereby.
  • the ray of sunlight captured by the device will hereby always be converged toward a focal point of the parabolic reflector and thereby concentrated on a more limited target area. An optimal capture and concentration of sunlight can thus be achieved at any random location on earth, irrespective of the time of day or the day of the year.
  • the reflector surface of reflector 30 comprises a number of separate segments 31..34 which each converge a part of the ray of sunlight captured thereby toward its own focal point and thereby concentrate it in a more limited target area 41..44. see also figure 3.
  • the segments are for this purpose each curved in parabolic manner with mutually parallel parabolic main axes, which are adapted to the inclination at which the ray of sunlight will exit from the lens.
  • the optical system of the device also comprises secondary optical means 50, see also figure 2, and is thereby able to receive the sunlight close to each of the focal points 41..44 and to guide it to individual parts of an exit window 55.
  • the secondary optical means comprise a unitary optical body 50 of glass or other suitable transparent material which comprises a number of optical entry windows 51..54 on an entry side, one for each of the focal points/target areas 41..44 of mirror 30, and which ends on an opposite side in exit window 55.
  • Secondary body 50 is dimensioned and placed here such that the entry windows each lie just in front of the associated focal point of mirror 30, so that a certain energy distribution over the surface of entry window 51..54 can already be obtained and so that sunlight possibly exiting from the associated part of component 50 will be directly received by exit window 55.
  • the glass body 50 comprises a conical sub-body 61..64, a conical axis 65 of which is oriented at a certain angle of inclination ⁇ to exit window 55 which amounts to about 60 degrees in the case of the one pair of sub-bodies 61..64 and is about 70 degrees in the case of the other pair 61..64.
  • This angle is chosen such that the incident sunlight is optimally captured and is guided almost wholly to its own area in exit window 55 substantially by internal reflection on the walls of sub-bodies 61..64.
  • the individual conical axes 65 are oriented from exit window 55 at a degree of arc of about 90 degrees relative to each other.
  • the conical sub-bodies are chamfered for the purpose of forming the exit window so as to form a surface here on which solar energy conversion means 70 are mounted with the active surface thereof.
  • the conversion means comprise in this embodiment a photovoltaic semiconductor cell, an optically active surface of which thus coincides with exit window 55.
  • a single semiconductor cell 70 it is otherwise also possible to have recourse to an optionally continuous system of separate cells. Because segments 31..34 of the concentrator means are oriented toward the conversion means at different angles, two of the entry windows 51..54 are oriented at about 20 degrees and the other two entry windows 51..54 at about 30 degrees relative to the conversion means. A reflection on the entry window is thus prevented, which would otherwise have an adverse effect on the efficiency of the device.
  • the conversion means more specifically comprise a III-V semiconductor cell 70 which, although relatively expensive, is extremely energy-efficient.
  • this body comprises a germanium substrate about 200 microns thick having thereon successively two doped semiconductor layers, respectively of gallium- arsenide (GaAs) and indium-gallium-phosphide (InGaP), with a thickness of about 2 microns and 0.5 micron.
  • GaAs gallium- arsenide
  • InGaP indium-gallium-phosphide
  • These layers are able to convert distinct parts of the sunlight spectrum to electricity in highly efficient manner.
  • the combined yield of the layers is provided in the form of electricity to a common exit of the cell.
  • the secondary optical body 50 and conversion means 70 form part of an integral photovoltaic conversion unit 80 which is positioned as separate assembly (sub-assembly) relatively centrally relative to the reflector.
  • Conversion unit 80 is suspended for this purpose from a connecting arm 85 which preferably extends from housing 10 on a shadow side in order to thus prevent a cast shadow and a decreased yield as a result thereof.
  • Heat which is absorbed by the water cooling can likewise be drawn off as useful energy via a suitable heat exchanger and thus contributes toward a further increase in the overall efficiency of the device as a whole.
  • Prismatic lens 20 refracts the sunlight which is incident thereon as a more or less parallel ray and casts it at an angle onto parabolic mirror 30.
  • This angle of inclination can be adjusted by a rotation of lens 20 and depends here on an entry angle of the sunlight which varies throughout the day and the year and moreover depends on a specific location of the device on earth.
  • the arithmetic device (not further shown) which is coupled to the device is able to calculate an efficient rotation of the lens while taking these parameters into account, so that the exiting ray has the same inclination as the parallel optical main axes of segments 31..34 of mirror 30.
  • the arithmetic unit of the device calculates an efficient rotation of mirror 30 about rotation axis 35 thereof in order to orient the optical main axes of the mirror to the ray so that all the sunlight will be focused in focal points 41..44 of the segments.
  • the shown device is able to thus concentrate the sunlight from entry window 20, which has a surface area in the order of about 2000 square centimetres, in the order of 870 times to a final surface area 55, 70 in the order of only 2.25 square centimetres.
  • the secondary optical body 50 has an entry window 51..54 for each of the mirror segments 31..34. see also figure 2.
  • the device is aligned such that the focal points 41..44 of the segments lie just inside the secondary optical body 50, i.e. just behind entry windows 51..54. see figure 3. This results in a desired distribution of the sunlight over the associated entry window 51..54 and thereby to an energy distribution over the active surface of photovoltaic cell 70. This also enhances the efficiency, and moreover the lifespan, of cell 70.
  • the parts of the sunlight incident on lens 20 captured by the separate mirror segments 31..34 are concentrated on the separate entry windows 51..54 of the secondary optical body 50 provided for the purpose.
  • the conical sub-bodies 61..64 formed therein the sunlight is then guided by the secondary optical body 50 to separate sub-areas of the active surface of conversion means 70.
  • These conical sub-bodies 61..64 are formed integrally with each other in a glass body 50 all around a conical axis 65 with an imaginary apex angle a of about 20 to 30 degrees.
  • the conical axis 65 of each of the segments 61..64 lies in each case at an inclination ⁇ which varies between 60 and 70 degrees relative to the active surface of conversion means 70.
  • this angle ⁇ amounts to about 65 degrees.
  • the conical sub-bodies 61..64 are chamfered, whereby an optical exit window 55 is formed here from at least substantially continuous cross-sections of the separate sub-bodies 61..64.
  • Conversion means 70 are then able to absorb photon energy from the sunlight and to supply it in a different, useful form.
  • conversion means 70 comprise a photovoltaic cell
  • this is in this context electricity which is produced as such from the sunlight in addition to heat, which is drawn off from cell 70 by a cooling circuit and can as such be reused or converted.
  • cooling body 90 For an efficient cooling the cell 70 is for this purpose mounted on a cooling body 90 with good thermal conduction.
  • a metal body of for instance copper or aluminium is highly suitable in this context as cooling body 90.
  • Cooling body 90 takes a relatively sizeable form here and hereby provides a large heat capacity, which can remove heat dissipated in solar cell 70 in particularly rapid and effective manner. Not only can overheating, and thereby damage to the solar cell thus be prevented, this heat can moreover be drawn off as additional useful energy yield of the device.
  • each of the four segments 31..34 of mirror 30 concentrates the radiation incident thereon amply within the periphery of the entry windows corresponding thereto, and moreover show here a high measure of homogeneous distribution over the entry windows of the secondary optical unit, with a total radiant power varying from 28.9 Watts for the least irradiated window to 30.7 Watts for the maximum, see figure 4.
  • This is manifested directly as a particularly homogeneous energy distribution over the active surface of conversion means 70, as can be seen in figure 5.
  • the radiation of each of the entry windows 51..54 is found to be projected almost substantially on a quadrant of its own in exit window 55 and overlap here so that a homogeneous distribution over the window is obtained.
  • a ratio of 3 : 1 between a peak power and average power over this surface follows from the calculations.
  • the system makes use of a III-V semiconductor cell 70 with a multiple pn-junction, a so- called multi-junction cell, in respect of the conversion means.
  • the individual junctions are adjusted here to different parts of the spectrum in order to utilize it as efficiently as possible. This could have an effect on a resulting photovoltaic flux distribution over the surface of the cell as a result of a certain spectral distribution in the radiation supplied to each sub-body 61..64 by the optics. Simulations have also been performed in order to detect possible power losses resulting from such irregularities in the current disU"ibution over surface 70. The result thereof is shown in figure 6. This shows that a current mismatch remains limited to within roughly a factor of 3. A power build-up is thus distributed relatively homogeneously over the surface, whereby power losses resulting from lateral dissipation and serial resistors associated therewith will remain limited.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de conversion d'énergie solaire pour produire de l'énergie à partir de la lumière solaire, qui est logé dans un logement (10) doté d'une fenêtre d'entrée (20) et d'un système optique (20,30,50) pour concentrer la lumière solaire sur une zone cible plus limitée (41..44). Des moyens de conversion sont fournis pour la conversion d'énergie à partir de lumière solaire. Le système optique comprend un moyen concentrateur (30) divisé en un certain nombre de segments séparés (31.,34) qui capturent chacun une partie de la lumière solaire et la concentrent au moins sensiblement dans une zone cible séparée (41..44) correspondant à celle-ci. Le système optique (50) projette les zones cibles séparées (41..44) des segments séparés (31..34) au moins de façon sensiblement complète dans des sous-zones séparées de la surface optiquement active des moyens de conversion.
PCT/NL2015/050220 2014-04-07 2015-04-07 Dispositif et installation de conversion d'énergie solaire Ceased WO2015156666A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2012583 2014-04-07
NL2012583A NL2012583B1 (en) 2014-04-07 2014-04-07 Helio-energic concentrator unit and device for gaining solar energy.
NL2013254 2014-07-24
NL2013254A NL2013254B1 (nl) 2014-04-07 2014-07-24 Helio-energetische omvorminrichting en installatie.

Publications (1)

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WO2015156666A1 true WO2015156666A1 (fr) 2015-10-15

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080047605A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2008-02-28 Regents Of The University Of California Multi-junction solar cells with a homogenizer system and coupled non-imaging light concentrator
EP2005074A1 (fr) * 2006-04-07 2008-12-24 Suncycle International GmbH Dispositif de conversion de l'energie solaire
US20090272425A1 (en) * 2008-05-03 2009-11-05 Timmy Green Concentrating solar energy receiver
US20100307586A1 (en) * 2009-06-08 2010-12-09 Light Prescriptions Innovators, Llc Reflective free-form kohler concentrator
US20110192460A1 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-11 Raymond Tan Solar Power Generator
US20130068285A1 (en) * 2011-02-25 2013-03-21 Zhejiang University Method and device for two-stage solar concentration and spectrum splitting based on dish concentration
US20130233299A1 (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Virgil Dewitt Perryman Non-tracking solar radiation collector

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080047605A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2008-02-28 Regents Of The University Of California Multi-junction solar cells with a homogenizer system and coupled non-imaging light concentrator
EP2005074A1 (fr) * 2006-04-07 2008-12-24 Suncycle International GmbH Dispositif de conversion de l'energie solaire
US20090272425A1 (en) * 2008-05-03 2009-11-05 Timmy Green Concentrating solar energy receiver
US20100307586A1 (en) * 2009-06-08 2010-12-09 Light Prescriptions Innovators, Llc Reflective free-form kohler concentrator
US20110192460A1 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-11 Raymond Tan Solar Power Generator
US20130068285A1 (en) * 2011-02-25 2013-03-21 Zhejiang University Method and device for two-stage solar concentration and spectrum splitting based on dish concentration
US20130233299A1 (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Virgil Dewitt Perryman Non-tracking solar radiation collector

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GREEN DREAM DISTRICT: "Een nieuw soort zonnepaneel - De Suncycle - Green Dream District Seizoen 2", 17 May 2010 (2010-05-17), XP054975665, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://youtu.be/xCDIwjxjtmY> [retrieved on 20150108] *

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