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WO2015038601A1 - Compositions de savon et méthodes de traitement pour l'atténuation du prurit hivernal - Google Patents

Compositions de savon et méthodes de traitement pour l'atténuation du prurit hivernal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015038601A1
WO2015038601A1 PCT/US2014/054936 US2014054936W WO2015038601A1 WO 2015038601 A1 WO2015038601 A1 WO 2015038601A1 US 2014054936 W US2014054936 W US 2014054936W WO 2015038601 A1 WO2015038601 A1 WO 2015038601A1
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Prior art keywords
acid
alkyl
composition
fatty
surfactant
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English (en)
Inventor
Toshio TORIKOSHI
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Lubrizol Advanced Materials Inc
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Lubrizol Advanced Materials Inc
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/007—Preparations for dry skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/04—Antipruritics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/005—Preparations for sensitive skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations

Definitions

  • the present technology relates to a method for mitigating pruritus caused by prolonged exposure to low humidity conditions comprising applying to the scalp and skin of a mammalian subject a cleansing composition including at least one fatty acid soap and least one acrylic copolymer.
  • a treatment for "winter itch" is to: 1 ) increase the relative humidity of the air; 2) decrease factors that may exacerbate the problem, such as excessive bathing and the use of harsh cleansers; and 3) moisturize the skin with humectant and/or emollient containing creams, lotions, or ointments.
  • International Pub. No. WO 2005/023970 provides a method for reducing the irritation associated with surfactant containing personal care cleansing compositions.
  • the disclosure in the paragraph bridging pages 5 and 6 of the publication postulates that the free unbound surfactant molecules and/or free unbound surfactant micelles contained in a personal care composition are irritants to the skin and eyes.
  • the disclosure teaches that the irritation associated with anionic surfactant containing personal care compositions can be reduced by including a hydrophobically modified acrylic polymer that is capable of binding the free unbound anionic surfactant and/or free unbound anionic surfactant micelles.
  • the anionic surfactants suitable for the disclosed method are set forth on pages 8 to 12 of the publication.
  • the preferred anionic surfactants are selected from alkyl ether sulfates.
  • hydrophobically modified acrylic polymers include hydrophobically modified crosslinked acrylic copolymers that are synthesized from at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrophobically modified monomer.
  • International Pub. No. WO 2005/023970 discloses that exemplary hydrophobically modified acrylic copolymers are set forth in U.S. Patent No. 6,433,061 (assigned to Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.).
  • the WO publication additionally exemplifies polymers available under the trade names Carbopol ® Aqua SF-1 (INCI name: Acrylates Copolymer) and Carbopol ® ETD 2020 (INCI name: Acrylates/CI O-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer) both manufactured and marketed by Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. as suitable polymers for use as a surfactant binder.
  • Hydrophobically modified acrylic polymers in combination with fatty acid salts are not contemplated by the method disclosed in Pub. No. WO 2005/023970. While the disclosure proposes a solution for mitigating the underlying cause of itching (i.e., irritation triggered by harsh anionic surfactants), there is no appreciation that a fatty acid soap in combination with an acrylic copolymer can treat a symptom (itchiness) of winter itch irritation when applied to the scalp and/or the skin.
  • Fatty acid soap compositions are known in the art. These soaps have been widely employed for many years as effective general all purpose body cleansers. Fatty acid soaps are formulated with a myriad of different ingredients to obtain the desired cleansing effect and the requisite physical property parameters so that they can be easily stored and dispensed in a convenient manner. Fatty acid soaps must have the appropriate rheology characteristics to be flowable when dispensed from the product container but of a sufficient viscosity not run off of the skin when applied to the body. In addition, today's consumer is increasingly looking for additional benefits beyond the basic cleansing effects brought about by the traditional soap product.
  • Efforts are continually being made to make improvements in product function and aesthetics by incorporating various adjuncts into the formulation such as moisturizers, emollients, colorants, opacifiers, perfumes, antioxidants, antibacterial agents, and the like to name a few. It has also been increasingly popular to incorporate water insoluble moieties such as microcapsules, beads, and pearlescent agents into the soap composition for delivery of actives to the skin and for product aesthetics.
  • 2004-204153 discloses a cleansing composition containing (a) a fatty acid salt; (b) a sulfate ester surfactant; and (d) a copolymer obtained from the polymerization of at least one monomer selected from (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, and an alkyl (meth)acrylate.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. H1 1 -189785 (publication date July 13, 1999) concerns a cleansing agent containing (a) a fatty acid salt; (b) a polyhydric alcohol; and (c) and alkyl acrylate copolymer.
  • U.S. Patent Application Pub. No. U.S. 2007/0213243 discloses a stable soap composition
  • a stable soap composition comprising: (a) an crosslinked acrylic copolymer (INCI name: Acrylates Copolymer); (b) a fatty acid soap; (c) an acidifying agent; (d) an optional surfactant; (e) an optional humectant; (f) an optional emollient; and (g) water.
  • the composition is stabilized with the acrylic copolymer and subsequently back-acid treated with the acidifying agent to obtain compositions that are storage and phase stable over a wide temperature range.
  • fatty acid soap based compositions contain polymeric acrylic thickeners, there is no recognition that pruritus caused by winter itch irritation can be treated or mitigated by a detersive combination of fatty acid soap(s), an acrylic copolymer and an optional surfactant(s).
  • the cleansing soap utilized in the treatment method comprises a fatty acid salt soap base selected from at least one fatty acid salt; a crosslinked alkali- swellable acrylic based emulsion polymer; and water.
  • the cleansing soap comprises a fatty acid salt soap base selected from at least one fatty acid salt, a crosslinked alkali-swellable acrylic based emulsion polymer, a surfactant selected from an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and mixtures thereof; and water.
  • a method for the treatment or mitigation of a pruritic skin condition comprising applying to the scalp and/or skin at least one composition comprising:
  • a soap comprising at least one fatty acid salt
  • Ci to Cs alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ii. about 65% to about 35% by weight of at least one Ci to Cs alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid
  • a method for the treatment or mitigation of a pruritic skin condition caused by prolonged exposure to low relative humidity conditions comprising applying to the scalp and/or skin at least one composition comprising:
  • a soap comprising at least one fatty acid salt
  • Ci to Cs alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ii. about 65% to about 35% by weight of at least one Ci to Cs alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid
  • Fig. 1 is a plot showing the results of a survey illustrating the relationship between temperature, relative humidity and time of the year an itch sensation is experienced by survey participants.
  • Fig. 2 is a plot of itch intensity (y-axis) versus time progression in days (x-axis) rated by a human test panel following the application of 2 control shampoo samples and a shampoo formulated in accordance with the disclosed technology.
  • the itch intensity for the shampoo composition of the disclosed technology is rated in days 5-1 1 in the plot.
  • Certain embodiments of the technology disclosed herein are based on the surprising discovery that a cleansing composition comprising at least one fatty acid salt soap, a crosslinked acrylic copolymer, water, and optionally, at least one surfactant can mitigate pruritus of the scalp and skin.
  • soap based cleansing composition disclosed herein can be employed as an effective treatment for mitigating pruritus caused by prolonged exposure to low relative humidity conditions.
  • pruritus or "pruritic” means is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch .
  • RH relative humidity
  • relative humidity is meant the ratio of the actual amount of water vapor present in a volume of air (by vapor density or vapor pressure) at a given temperature to the maximum amount of water vapor that could exist in the air at that temperature (by saturation vapor density or saturation vapor pressure), expressed as a percentage, and can be calculated by the equations:
  • RH (actual vapor density)/(saturation vapor density) x 100
  • RH (actual vapor pressure )/(saturation vapor pressure) x 100
  • prolonged exposure to low relative humidity means exposure to low humidity conditions for a sufficient time to develop pruritus.
  • winter itch is a pruritic condition caused by exposure to cold winter air and/or to low humidity conditions.
  • cold winter air is meant a temperature of 20°C or less in one aspect, 15°C or less in another aspect, 10°C or less in still another aspect, and 9°C, 8°C, 7°C, 6°C, 5°C, 4°C, 3°C, 2°C, 1 °C, 0°C, -5°C, -10°C and -15°C or less in a further aspect.
  • the methods, polymers, components, and compositions of the present technology may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the components, elements, steps, and process delineations described herein.
  • the technology illustratively disclosed herein suitably may be practiced in the absence of any element, component or step which is not specifically disclosed herein.
  • personal care includes, without being limited thereto, cosmetics, toiletries, cosmeceuticals, beauty aids, insect repellents, personal hygiene and cleansing products applied to the body, including the skin, hair, scalp, and nails of humans and animals.
  • the cleansing compositions can include other optional adjuncts conventionally used in soaps. These include, for example, one or more emollients, one or more humectants, one or more preservatives, one or more viscosity adjusting agents, one or more skin conditioning agents, one or more hair conditioning agents, one or more antibacterial agents, one or more antioxidants, one or more fragrances, one or more colorants, one or more chelating (sequestering) agents and one or more insoluble materials. These optional materials are described in more detail below.
  • the soap composition contains at least one the fatty acid salt soap containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms. In another aspect of the disclosed technology the soap composition contains at least one fatty acid salt soap containing from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms. In a further aspect of the disclosed technology the soap composition contains at least one fatty acid salt soap containing from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms.
  • the fatty acids utilized in the soaps can be saturated and unsaturated and can be derived from synthetic sources, as well as from the hydrolysis of fats and natural oils.
  • Exemplary saturated fatty acids include but are not limited to octanoic, decanoic, lauric, myristic, pentadecanoic, palmitic, margaric, steric, isostearic, nonadecanoic, arachidic, behenic, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • Exemplary unsaturated fatty acids include but are not limited to myristoleic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • the fatty acids can be derived from animal fat such as tallow, lard, poultry fat or from vegetable sources such as coconut oil, red oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, sunflower seed oil, olive oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, corn oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, rapeseed oil, canola oil, and mixtures thereof.
  • the soap can be prepared by a variety of well known means such as by the direct base neutralization of a fatty acid or mixtures thereof or by the saponification of suitable fats and vegetable oils or mixtures thereof with a suitable base.
  • exemplary bases include potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and alkanol amines such as triethanolamine.
  • the fat or oil is heated until liquefied and a solution of the desired base is added thereto.
  • Soaps included in a personal care composition utilized in the method of the disclosed technology can be made, for example, by a classic kettle process or modern continuous manufacturing process wherein natural fats and oils such as tallow or coconut oil or their equivalents are saponified with an alkali metal hydroxide using procedures well known to those skilled in the art.
  • soaps can be made by the direct neutralization of free fatty acids such as lauric acid (C12), myristic acid (C14), palmitic acid (C16), steric acid (C-is), isostearic (C18), and mixtures thereof, with an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate.
  • the amount of the at least one fatty acid salt soap that is employed in the soap composition of the present technology ranges from about 10% to about 35% by wt. in one aspect, from about 12% to about 30% by wt. in another aspect, from about 15% to about 25% by wt. in still another aspect, and from about 18% to about 20% by wt., based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the fatty acid salt soap comprises a fatty acid salt wherein the fatty acid is selected from a mixture of lauric acid, myristic acid, and steric acid.
  • the fatty acid salt soap comprises a fatty acid salt wherein the fatty acid is selected from a mixture of lauric acid, myristic acid, and isostearic acid.
  • the fatty acid salt soap comprises a fatty acid salt wherein the fatty acid is selected from a mixture of lauric acid, myristic acid, and palmitic acid.
  • the fatty acid salt soap comprises a fatty acid salt wherein the fatty acid is selected from a mixture of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and steric acid, an alkali metal fatty acid salt soap.
  • the fatty acid soap is the potassium salt of a fatty acid.
  • the acrylic copolymer component of the disclosed technology is polymerized from a monomer mixture comprising three polymerizable monomeric components.
  • the first monomeric component is selected from one or more unsaturated carboxylic acid containing monomers and salts thereof having a total of from about 3 to about 10 carbon atoms. Examples of such monomers include but are not limited to acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, or aconitic acid.
  • half esters of polyacids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, or aconitic acid and the like with Ci to C4 alkanols can also be used, particularly if it is used in minor amounts in combination with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
  • Salts of the foregoing monomers e.g., sodium and potassium can be employed.
  • the amounts of such carboxylic acid monomers is generally from about 20% to 80% by wt. in one aspect, from about 25% to about 70% by wt. in another aspect and from about 35% to about 65% by wt. in a further aspect, based upon the total wt. of the monomers.
  • the second monomeric component is selected from one or more vinyl monomers represented by the formulae:
  • X is H and Y is -C(O)OR, -C 6 H R', -CN, -C(O)NH 2 , -CI,
  • R is C1-C18 alkyl, or hydroxy C2-C18 alkyl
  • R' is H or C1-C18 alkyl
  • R 1 is C1-C18 alkyl
  • Typical of such vinyl monomers or mixture of monomers are the various acrylate or hydroxy acrylate esters wherein the ester portion has from 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, or various vinyl acetates, or styrene, or vinyl chloride, or vinylidene chloride, or acrylonitrile, acrylamide, ⁇ , ⁇ ,-dimethylacrylamide, t-butyl-acrylamide, and their methacrylate analogs.
  • the amount of such non-acid vinyl monomers is generally from about 80% to about 15% by wt. in one aspect, from about 75% to about 25% by wt. in another aspect, and from about 65% to about 35% by wt. in a further aspect based upon the total wt. of the monomers.
  • the third monomeric component forming the acrylic emulsion polymer is one or more polyunsaturated crosslinking monomers. Monomeric unsaturated compounds carrying a reactive group that is capable of causing a formed copolymer to be crosslinked before, during, or after polymerization has taken place can also be used.
  • the polyunsaturated compound is utilized to generate either a partially or substantially crosslinked three dimensional polymeric network.
  • polyunsaturated is meant that the crosslinking monomer contains at least two polymerizable double bonds that are reactive with the foregoing unsaturated carboxylic acid containing monomers and the vinyl monomers.
  • polyunsaturated compounds are the polyalkenyl ethers of sucrose, or polyalcohols; diallylphthalates, divinyl benzene, allyl (meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, methylene bisacrylamide, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, diallyl itaconate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl maleate, zinc (meth)acrylate, derivatives of castor oils or polyols made from ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and the like, glycidyl methacrylate, N-methylol acylamide or N-alkoxymethylacrylamide, alkoxy being Ci to Cie alcohol; hydroxy(meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylate end- capped caprolactones.
  • a reaction scheme such as an esterification reaction of polyols made from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or combinations thereof with unsaturated acid such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or with unsaturated anhydride such as maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, or an addition reaction with unsaturated isocyanate such as 3-isopropenyl-a-a-dimethylbenzene isocyanate (TMI), is also within the scope of the present invention.
  • unsaturated acid such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid
  • unsaturated anhydride such as maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride
  • unsaturated isocyanate such as 3-isopropenyl-a-a-dimethylbenzene isocyanate (TMI)
  • (meth)acrylic acid and “(meth)acrylate” are meant to include the corresponding methyl derivatives of acrylic acid and the corresponding alkyl acrylate.
  • (meth)acrylic)” acid refers to acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid
  • (meth)acrylate” refers to alkyl acrylate and/or alkyl methacrylate.
  • the polyunsaturated crosslinker monomer component can be used in an amount from about 0.01 to about 5% by wt. in one aspect, from about 0.03 to about 3% by wt. in another aspect, and from about 0.05 to about 1 % by wt. in a further aspect, based upon the total wt. of all of the monomer components.
  • the acrylic copolymer of the disclosed technology can be prepared by emulsion polymerization techniques.
  • the emulsion polymerization is generally carried out at a pH of from about 2.5 to about 5.0, with the at least three essentially ethylenically unsaturated components set forth above. None of these monomers are an associative monomer which is a copolymerizable surfactant capable of nonspecific hydrophobic association similar to those of conventional surfactants.
  • the acrylic copolymers of the present technology can be prepared by any conventional manner such as set forth in U.S. Patent No. 4,138,380, or U.S. Patent No. 4,110,291 which are hereby fully incorporated by reference.
  • one or more monomers of the above noted carboxylic acid monomers, vinyl monomers, and polyunsaturated monomers are added to a reaction vessel which contains water therein.
  • Suitable amounts of conventional or typical emulsion polymerization surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate are added as well as emulsion type initiators, for example sodium or potassium persulfate, redox initiator, and the like.
  • the reaction vessel can also contain a chain transfer agent.
  • the temperature is then increased from about 60°C to about 100°C and polymerization commences.
  • additional monomers are added over a period of time.
  • polymerization is allowed to run to completion generally by adding additional initiator.
  • the acrylic copolymer is prepared from a monomer composition comprising:
  • the acrylic copolymer is an emulsion polymer prepared by emulsion polymerizing a monomer composition comprising:
  • Ci to Cs alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ii. about 65% to about 35% by weight of at least one Ci to Cs alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid
  • the acrylic copolymer suitable for use in the liquid soap component of the disclosed technology is commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio and is marketed under the tradename Carbopol ® Aqua SF-1 .
  • Carbopol Aqua SF-1 polymer is an alkali- swellable acrylic emulsion polymer composition containing approximately 30% by wt. polymer solids.
  • the polymer is a branched to lightly crosslinked copolymer made from at least one pH sensitive first monomer selected from acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and at least one second monomer selected from a Ci to Cs alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and a third polyunsaturated crosslinking monomer.
  • the amount of the acrylic copolymer employed in the soap composition in accordance with the present technology generally ranges from about 0.5% to about 5% by wt. of the total composition in one aspect, from about 0.6% to about 4% by wt. in another aspect, from about 1 % to about 3% by wt. in still another aspect, and from about 1 .5% to about 2 wt.% in a further aspect of active (neat) polymer solids based upon the total weight of the composition.
  • the fatty acid soap compositions of the invention can include an optional synthetic detersive surfactant (syndet) selected from anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic, nonionic, and combinations thereof.
  • an optional synthetic detersive surfactant selected from anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic, nonionic, and combinations thereof.
  • the anionic surfactant can be any of the anionic surfactants known or previously used in the art of aqueous surfactant compositions. Suitable anionic surfactants include but are not limited to alkyi sulfates, alkyi ether sulfates, alkaryl sulfonates, alkyi succinates, alkyi sulfosuccinates, N-alkoyl sarcosinates, alkyi phosphates, alkyi ether phosphates, alkyi ether carboxylates, alkylamino acids, alkyi peptides, alkoyl taurates, carboxylic acids, acyl and alkyi glutamates, alkyi isethionates, and alpha-olefin sulfonates, especially their sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium and mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts.
  • the alkyi groups generally contain from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and may be unsaturated.
  • the alkyi ether sulfates, alkyi ether phosphates and alkyi ether carboxylates may contain from 1 to 10 ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide units per molecule in one aspect, and from about 1 to about 4 ethylene oxide units per molecule in another aspect.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants include sodium and ammonium lauryl ether sulfate (ethoxylated with 1 , 2, and 3 moles of ethylene oxide), sodium trideceth sulfate (ethoxylated with 1 , 2, 3, and 4 moles of ethylene oxide), sodium, ammonium, and triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium C12-14 olefin sulfonate, sodium laureth-6 carboxylate, sodium C12-15 pareth sulfate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, and triethanolamine monolauryl phosphate.
  • Amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants are those compounds which have the capacity of behaving either as an acid or a base. These surfactants can be any of the surfactants known or previously used in the art of aqueous surfactant compositions. Suitable materials include but are not limited to alkyi betaines, alkyi amidopropyl betaines, alkyi sulphobetaines, alkyi glycinates, alkyi carboxyglycinates, alkyi amphopropionates, alkyi amidopropyl hydroxysultaines, acyl taurates and acyl glutamates wherein the alkyl and acyl groups have from 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Examples include cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium cocoamphoacetate, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, and sodium cocamphopropionate.
  • the nonionic surfactant can be any of the nonionic surfactants known or previously used in the art of aqueous surfactant compositions.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants include but are not limited to aliphatic (C6 to Cis) primary or secondary linear or branched chain acids, alcohols or phenols, alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl phenol alkoxylates (especially ethoxylates and mixed ethoxy/propoxy), block alkylene oxide condensate of alkyl phenols, alkylene oxide condensates of alkanols, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymers, semi-polar nonionics (e.g., amine oxides and phosphine oxides), as well as alkyl amine oxides.
  • nonionics include mono or di alkyl alkanolamides and alkyl polysaccharides, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol esters, polyoxyethylene acids, and polyoxyethylene alcohols.
  • suitable nonionic surfactants include coco mono or diethanolamide, coco diglucoside, alkyl polyglucoside, cocamidopropyl and lauramine oxide, polysorbate 20, ethoxylated linear alcohols, cetearyl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, stearic acid, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100 stearate, and oleth 20.
  • surfactants which can be utilized in the present invention are set forth in more detail in WO 99/21530, U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678, U.S. Patent No. 4,565,647, U.S. Patent No. 5,720,964, and U.S. Patent No. 5,858,948.
  • Other suitable surfactants are described in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents (North American and International Editions, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch) which is hereby fully incorporated by reference.
  • the amount of surfactant can vary widely if present.
  • the amounts (active basis) which are often utilized generally range from about 0 or 1 to about 15 wt.% in one aspect, from about 2 to about 12 wt.% in another aspect, from about 2.5 to about 10 wt.% in a further aspect, and from about 5 to about 8 wt.% in still further aspect, based upon the total weight of the composition, subject to the proviso that the total amount of surfactant employed in the composition is less than the amount of fatty acid salt soap utilized in the composition.
  • the amount of surfactant utilized in the composition can be based on the amount of fatty acid soap present in the liquid cleansing composition, and can be expressed as the weight ratio of fatty acid soap to surfactant.
  • the ratio of fatty acid soap to surfactant ranges from about 1 :1 to about 5:1
  • the soap to surfactant ratio ranges from about 1 .5:1 to about 3:1
  • the soap to surfactant ratio ranges from about 2:1 to about 2.5:1 (all ratios based on a wt./wt. basis).
  • the surfactant is selected from a mixture of an anionic surfactant(s) and amphoteric surfactant(s).
  • the anionic surfactant is selected from at least one alkyl ether sulfate conforming to the formula:
  • the anionic surfactant is sodium laureth sulfate or sodium trideceth sulfate containing 1 to 4 moles of ethoxylation.
  • amphoteric surfactant is selected from an alkyl betaine and/or an amido alkyl betaine conforming to the respective formulas:
  • the mixture of anionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant comprises sodium laureth sulfate (with 1 to 3 moles of ethoxylation) with cocamidopropyl betaine.
  • the surfactant comprises sodium trideceth sulfate with cocamidopropyl betaine.
  • Water is also an ingredient in the compositions according to embodiments of the disclosed technology.
  • the liquid cleansing compositions described herein are in the form of non-emulsion liquids in which water is the principal carrier/diluent/carrier. Taking into account the desired amounts (wt.%) of the other active components utilized to formulate the soap compositions of the disclosed technology, the quantity of water employed in the compositions will always correspond to a weight percentage needed to bring the total weight of the composition to 100 (i.e., quantity sufficient (q.s.) to 100).
  • the amount of water can range from about 25 to about 89.5 wt.%, in a further aspect from about 35 to about 85 wt.%, in a still further aspect from about 40 to about 80 wt.%, in an additional aspect from about 40 to about 75 wt.%, in a still additional aspect from about 50 to about 70 wt.%, and a further additional aspect from about 55 to about 65 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the pH of the cleansing compositions of the disclosed technology is above 7 in one aspect, from about 7.5 to about 10.5 in another aspect, from about 7.8 to about 9.8 in still another aspect, from about 8 to about 9.5 in a further aspect, and from about 8.2 to about 9.2 in a still further aspect.
  • the soap compositions will typically be in the basic pH range, i.e. above about pH 7. However, it may be desired or necessary to adjust the pH of the final composition to the desired pH value.
  • a sufficient amount of a pH adjusting agent base and/or acid can be added to the soap composition of the disclosed technology to attain the desired pH.
  • alkaline (basic) pH adjusting agents can be used, including inorganic and organic bases, and combinations thereof.
  • inorganic bases include but are not limited to the ammonium and alkali metal hydroxides (especially sodium and potassium), and alkali metal salts of inorganic acids, such as sodium borate (borax), sodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and the like; and mixtures thereof.
  • organic bases include, but are not limited to, triethanolamine (TEA), diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, aminomethyl propanol, dodecylamine, cocamine, oleamine, morpholine, triamylamine, triethylamine, tetrakis(hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine, L-arginine, aminomethyl propanol, tromethamine (2-amino 2-hydroxymethyl-1 ,3- propanediol), and PEG-15 cocamine.
  • TAA triethanolamine
  • the acidic pH adjusting agents are selected from an organic acid, such as citric acid, acetic acid, alpha-hydroxy acids, beta-hydroxy acids, salicylic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, tartaric acid, natural fruit acids, or combinations thereof.
  • organic acid such as citric acid, acetic acid, alpha-hydroxy acids, beta-hydroxy acids, salicylic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, tartaric acid, natural fruit acids, or combinations thereof.
  • inorganic acids for example, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium bisulfate, sulfamic acid, phosphoric acid, and combinations thereof can be utilized. Mixtures of organic acids and inorganic acids are also contemplated.
  • the fatty acid liquid soap composition of the disclosed technology optionally includes at least one humectant.
  • Humectants are defined as materials that absorb or release water vapor, depending on the relative humidity of the environment, (Harry's Cosmeticology, Chemical Publishing Company Inc., 1982 p. 266).
  • Suitable humectants that can be included in the soap compositions include, but are not limited to, allantoin; pyrrol idonecarboxylic acid and its salts; hyaluronic acid and salts thereof; sorbic acid and salts thereof; urea, lysine, arginine, cystine, guanidine, and other amino acids; polyhydroxy alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, hexanetriol, ethoxydigiycoi, dimethicone copolyoi, and sorbitol, and the esters thereof; polyethylene glycol; glycolic acid and giycolate salts (e.g.
  • ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium chitosan; aioe-vera extracts; algae extract; honey and derivatives thereof; inositol; lactic acid and lactate salts (e.g. ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium); sugars and starches; sugar and starch derivatives (e.g. alkoxyiated glucose); DL-panthenoi; magnesium ascorbyi phosphate, arbutin, kojic acid, iactamide monoethanolamine; acetamide monoethanolamine; and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • lactic acid and lactate salts e.g. ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium
  • sugars and starches e.g. alkoxyiated glucose
  • DL-panthenoi magnesium ascorbyi phosphate, arbutin, kojic acid, iactamide monoethanolamine; acetamide monoethanolamine; and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • Humectants also include the Ca to Ce diois and triois, such as glycerin, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, hexanetriol, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • Ethoxylated methyl glucose ethers containing an average of 5 to 30 moles of ethoxyiation such as, for example, those available under the INCI names Methyl Glucose-10 and Methyl Glucose-20, are suitable.
  • humectants typically comprise from about 1 wt.% to about 10 wt.% of the total weight of the soap compositions of the disclosed technology. In another aspect the amount can range from about 2 wt.% to about 8 wt. %, and in a further aspect from about 3 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of the total weight of the soap composition.
  • the fatty acid soap composition of the disclosed technology optionally includes at least one emollient.
  • An emollient is defined as a substance which regulates the rate and quantity of water uptake by the skin (Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Elsevier Science Publishing, 1993, p. 175).
  • Suitable emollients include mineral oil; vegetable oil; hydrogenated vegetable oil, stearic acid; fatty alcohols such as cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and lauryl alcohol, cetyl acetate in acetylated lanolin alcohol, benzoate esters such as C12 to C15 alkyl benzoates, isostearyl benzoate, dicaprylyl maleate, petrolatum, lanolin, coco butter, shea butter, beeswax and esters thereof, ethoxylated fatty alcohol esters such as ceteareth-20, oleth-5, and ceteth-5, alkoxylated fatty acid esters such as polyethylene glycol 400 propoxylated monolaurate, avocado oil or glycerides, sesame oil or glycerides, safflower oil or glycerides, sunflower oil or glycerides, and other mono-, di-, and trigly
  • Suitable non-volatile emollients include fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters, highly branched hydrocarbons, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters include decyl oleate, butyl stearate, octyl stearate, myristyl myristate, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate, octylhydroxystearate, di-isopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, ethyl hexyl palmitate, isodecyl neopentanoate C12 to C15 alcohol benzoate, diethyl hexyl maleate, PPG-14 butyl ether and PPG-2 myristyl ether propionate, cetearyl octanoate, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable volatile emollients include the volatile silicones, such as cyclic or linear polydimethyisiioxanes, and the like.
  • the number of silicon atoms in cyclic silicones can range from about 3 to about 7 in one aspect of the invention, and in another aspect from 4 to 5.
  • Exemplary volatile silicones, both cyclic and linear, are available from Dow Corning Corporation as Dow Corning 344, 345, and 200.
  • the linear volatile silicones typically have viscosities of less than about 5 cP at 25°C, while the cyclic volatile silicones typically have viscosities of less than about 10 cP at 25°C.
  • Volatile means that the silicone has a measurable vapor pressure.
  • emollient silicones include polydimethylsiioxane gums, aminosilicones, phenylsilicones, polydimethyl siloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane, polydimethylsiioxane gums, polyphenyl methyl siloxane gums, amodimethicone, trimethyisiiyiamodimethicone, diphenyl- dimethyl polysiloxane gums, and the like.
  • the emollients range from about 1 wt.% to about 15 wt.% in one aspect, from about 2 wt.% to about 10 wt.% in another aspect, and from about 3 wt.% to about 5 wt.% in a further aspect, based of the total weight of the soap composition.
  • the fatty acid soap compositions of the invention can contain a variety of other conventional optional components suitable for rendering the cleansing compositions more desirable.
  • optional components are well known to those skilled in the art of formulating soap compositions and include, but not limited to, one or more preservatives, one or more thickening agents, one or more viscosity adjusting agents, one or more skin conditioners, one or more antibacterial agents, one or more fragrances, one or more colorants, and one or more insoluble materials.
  • Suitable preservatives and antimicrobial agents include polymethoxy bicyclic oxazolidine, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, ethyl paraben, butyl paraben, benzoic acid and the salts of benzoic acid, e.g., sodium benzoate, benzyltriazole, DMDM hydantoin (also known as 1 ,3-dimethyl-5,5- dimethyl hydantoin), imidazolidinyl urea, phenoxyethanol, phenoxyethylparaben, methylisothiazolinone, methylchloroisothiazolinone, benzoisothiazolinone, triclosan, sorbic acid, salicylic acid salts, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preservatives typically comprise about 0.01 wt. % to about 1 .5 wt. % of the total wt. of the personal care
  • Suitable thickening agents may be any natural and/or synthetic agent (or combination thereof) to obtain enhanced thickening properties.
  • the person skilled in the art will readily select a proper thickening agent(s) and amounts(s) thereof to obtain the desired rheology.
  • Non-limiting examples of natural thickening agents are tree & shrub exudates (karaya gum, tragacanth gum, gum Arabic, gum ghatti), seed extracts (guar gum, cassia gum, locust been gum, tamarind seed), seaweed extracts (carrageenan, alginates, agar), fruit extracts (pectins, waxes), grains & roots (corn starch, potato starch, etc), microbial polysaccharides (Xanthan gum, dextran), modified natural products (cellulose derivatives such as hydropropyl cellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, cellulose gum, etc.); and hydrophobically modified ethoxylated methyl glucosides, such as PEG 120 methyl glucose dioleate, PEG-120 methyl glucose trioleate, and PEG-20 methyl glucose sesquistearate, available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., under the trade names, Glucamate TM DOE- 120, Glucam
  • Non-limiting examples of synthetic thickening agents include the polyethylene glycols (PEG) having 5 to 200 glycol units, such as, for example, those available under the INCI names PEG- 6, PEG-8, PEG-12, PEG-20, PEG-30, PEG-32, PEG-75, PEG-90, PEG-100 and PEG-200; acrylic/methacrylic acid homopolymers and copolymers, such as, for example, those sold under the trade names Carbopol ® 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 941 , Carbopol 980, Carbopol 981 , Carbopol 2984, Carbopol 5984, Carbopol ETD 2050, Carbopol Ultrez 10, Carbopol Ultrez 30 (INCI name: Carbomer); Carbopol 1342, Carbopol 1382, Carbopol ETD 2020, Carbopol Ultrez 20, Carbopol Ultrez 21 , PemulenTM TR-1 and Pemul
  • Acrylate Crosspoiymer Carbopol Aqua SF-1 (INCI name: Acryiates Copolymer); manufactured and sold by Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., Cleveland, OH; acry!amide homopolymers and copolymers; polymers prepared from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS ® monomer).
  • AMPS ® monomer 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
  • HASE polymers include the hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable emulsion polymers, commonly referred to as (HASE) polymers.
  • Typical HASE polymers are free radical addition polymers polymerized from pH sensitive or hydrophilic monomers (e.g., acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid), hydrophobic monomers (e.g., C1-C30 alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, styrene), an "associative monomer", and an optional crosslinking monomer.
  • pH sensitive or hydrophilic monomers e.g., acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid
  • hydrophobic monomers e.g., C1-C30 alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, styrene
  • the associative monomer comprises an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable end group, a non-ionic hydrophilic midsection that is terminated by a hydrophobic end group.
  • the non-ionic hydrophilic midsection comprises a polyoxyalkylene group, e.g., polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or mixtures of polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide segments.
  • the terminal hydrophobic end group is typically a C8-C40 aliphatic moiety.
  • Exemplary aliphatic moieties are selected from linear and branched alkyl substituents, linear and branched alkenyl substituents, carbocyclic substituents, aryl substituents, aralkyl substituents, arylalkyl substituents, and alkylaryl substituents.
  • associative monomers can be prepared by the condensation (e.g., esterification or etherification) of a polyethoxylated and/or polypropoxylated aliphatic alcohol (typically containing a branched or unbranched C8-C40 aliphatic moiety) with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a carboxylic acid group (e.g., acrylic acid, methacrylic acid), an unsaturated cyclic anhydride monomer (e.g., maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride), a monoethylenically unsaturated monoisocyanate (e.g., ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyl-m-isopropenyl benzyl isocyanate) or an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a hydroxyl group (e.g., vinyl alcohol, allyl alcohol).
  • Polyethoxylated and/or polypropoxylated aliphatic alcohols are ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide adducts of a monoalcohol containing the C8-C40 aliphatic moiety.
  • Alcohols containing a C8-C40 aliphatic moiety are capryl alcohol, iso-octyl alcohol (2-ethyl hexanol), pelargonic alcohol (1 -nonanol), decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol (mixture of C16-C18 monoalcohols), stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, montanyl alcohol, melissyl, lacceryl alcohol, geddyl alcohol, and C2-C20 alkyl substituted phenols
  • HASE polymers are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,657,175; 4,384,096; 4,464,524; 4,801 ,671 ; and 5,292,843, which are herein incorporated by reference.
  • an extensive review of HASE polymers is found in Gregory D. Shay, Chapter 25, "Alkali-Swellable and Alkali-Soluble Thickener Technology A Review", Polymers in Aqueous Media - Performance Through Association, Advances in Chemistry Series 223, J. Edward Glass (ed.), ACS, pp. 457-494, Division Polymeric Materials, Washington, DC (1989), the relevant disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • HASE polymers are sold under the trade names, Aculyn ® 22 (INCI Name: Acrylates/Steareth-20 Methacrylate Copolymer), Aculyn ® 44 (INCI Name: PEG-150/Decyl Alcohol/SMDI Copolymer), Aculyn 46 ® (INCI Name: PEG-150/Stearyl Alcohol/SMDI Copolymer), and Aculyn ® 88 (INCI Name: Acrylates/Steareth-20 Methacrylate Crosspolymer) from Rohm & Haas, and NovethixTM L-10 (INCI Name: Acrylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer) from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.
  • Other thickeners are commercially available under the INCI designations Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer, Ammonium Acryloyl
  • the thickeners can comprise from about 0.01 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of the total weight of the personal care composition, in another aspect the amount ranges from about 0.1 wt. % to about 3 wt. %, and in a further aspect from about 0.1 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. % of the total weight of the personal care composition.
  • Viscosity adjusting agents are used in cosmetics to enhance the fluidity of products without a significant towering of the concentration of the active constituents.
  • Suitable viscosity adjusting agents if present include organic and inorganic compounds, and combinations thereof.
  • organic compounds include ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dimethyl ether, butylene glycol, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • examples of inorganic compounds include sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, and mixtures thereof.
  • the viscosity adjusting agents typically comprise from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt.% in one aspect, and from about 1 wt.% to about 5 wt.% of the total weight of the fatty acid soap composition of the disclosed technology.
  • Skin and/or hair conditioning polymers include quaternized guar gum (INCI name Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride), quaternized cassia gum (INCI name Cassia Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride), such as, for example, products available under the SensomerTM trade name from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., quaternized cellulosics, polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-52, silicone quaternium-8 (dimethicone copolyol quaternized with an alkylamido dimethylamine, polyquaternium 10, polyquaternium 1 1 , polyquaternium 39, polyquaternium 44, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • suitable conditioning agents if present typically comprise about 0.01 wt. % to about 3 wt. % of the total wt. of the composition of the present invention.
  • Suitable antibacterial agents include, but are not limited to, 2-hydroxy-4,2',4'-trichlorodiphenylether (TCS), 2,6- dimethyl-4-hydroxychlorobenzene (PCMX),3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TCC), 3- trifluoromethyl-4,4'-dichlorocarbanilide (TFC), 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,3',5,5',6,6'- hexachlorodiphenylmethane, 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,3',5,5'- tetrachlorodiphenylmethane, 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,3',dibromo-5,5'- dichlorodiphenylmethane, 2-hydroxy4,4'-dichlorodiphenylether, 2-hydroxy-3,5',4- tribromodiphenylether, 1 -hydroxyl-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethyl
  • the disclosed soap composition can include from about 0.001 wt.% to about 2 wt.% in one aspect, from about 0.01 wt.% to about 1 .5 wt.% in another aspect, and from about 0.1 wt.% to about 1 wt.% in a further aspect of the antibacterial agent(s), based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the fragrance substances that can be used in the soap compositions of the disclosed technology include natural and synthetic fragrances, perfumes, scents, and essences and any other substances and mixtures which emit a fragrance.
  • fragrances there are those of vegetable origin, such as oil extracts from flowers (e.g., lily, lavender, rose, jasmine, neroli, ylang- ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain, peppermint), fruits (aniseed, coriander, fennel, needle juniper), fruit skin (bergamot, lemon, orange, mace), roots angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, sweet flag), woods (pine tree, sandalwood, guaiacum wood, cedar, rosewood, cinnamon), herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, pine, European red pine, stone pine), and resins and balsam (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, frankincense, opopanax), and those of animal origin, such as musk, civet, castoreum
  • fragrances and perfumes are the aromatic esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and hydrocarbons including, but are not limited to, benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutylate, p-tert- butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethylmethylphenyl glycinate, allylcyclohexyl propionate, styralyl propionate, and benzyl salicylate; benzylethyl ether; straight chain alkanals having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial, and bougeonal;
  • the amount of fragrance material(s) that can be utilized will depend on the preference of the skilled formulator.
  • the amount of fragrance material can range from about 0.05 wt.% to about 3 wt. %, in another aspect from about 0.1 wt.% to about 1 .5 wt.%, in still another aspect from about 0.3 wt.% to about 1 wt.%, and in a further aspect from about 0.5 wt.% to 0.75 wt.%, based on the weight of the total soap composition.
  • Colorants include water soluble dyes such as copper sulfate, iron sulfate, water-soluble sulfopolyesters, rhodamines, natural dyes, for instance carotene and beetroot juice, methylene blue, caramel, the disodium salt of tartrazine and the disodium salt of fuschin, and mixtures thereof.
  • water soluble dyes such as copper sulfate, iron sulfate, water-soluble sulfopolyesters, rhodamines, natural dyes, for instance carotene and beetroot juice, methylene blue, caramel, the disodium salt of tartrazine and the disodium salt of fuschin, and mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of colorant(s) employed in the soap composition will depend on the aesthetic preference of the skilled formulator.
  • Insoluble materials include materials that impart pearlescent and other aesthetic visual, sensory and/or beneficial effects to the soap composition. Some formulations are opacified by deliberately incorporating pearlescent materials therein to achieve a cosmetically attractive pearl-like appearance, known as pearlescence. A detailed discussion of the effect is found in the article "Opacifiers and pearling agents in shampoos” by Hunting, Cosmetic and Toiletries, Vol. 96, pages 65 to 78 (July 1981 ), incorporated herein by reference.
  • the pearlescent material includes titanium dioxide coated mica, iron oxide coated mica, ethylene glycol monostearate, ethylene glycol distearate, polyethylene glycol distearate, bismuth oxychloride coated mica, myristyl myristate, guanine, glitter (polyester or metallic), and mixtures thereof.
  • Other pearlescent materials can be found in U.S. Patent No. 4,654,207 and U.S. Patent No. 5,019,376, herein incorporated by reference.
  • the amount of the pearlescent material can generally be used in amounts of from about 0.05% to about 10% and desirably from about 0.15% to about 3% by wt. based upon the total wt. of the composition.
  • insoluble compounds which require stabilization
  • examples of such other insoluble compounds include titanium dioxide; pumice; calcium carbonate, talc, potato starch, tapioca starch, jojoba beads, polyethylene beads, walnut shells, loofah, apricot seeds; almond meal, corn meal, paraffin, oat bran/oat hulls, gelatin beads, alginate beads, stainless steel fibers, iron oxide pigments, air bubbles, mica coated iron oxides, kaolin clay, salicylic acid, zinc oxide, zeolite, styrofoam beads, phosphates, silica, and the like.
  • insoluble compounds include teatree powder, microsponges, Confetti (a trademark of united guardian company), talc, beeswax, and the like.
  • the amount of the various insoluble compounds requiring stabilization will vary depending upon its purpose, desired end result, and efficacy thereof. Hence amounts can vary widely, but frequently will be within a general range of from about 0.1 % to about 20% by wt. based upon the total wt. of the soap composition.
  • the fatty acid salt soap based compositions according to the disclosed technology can be dispensed, for example, onto a user's hand, directly onto the area of a body to be treated, or onto a cloth, such as a washcloth, sponge, loofa or a towelette, as a means to transport the composition to specified area(s) of the human body.
  • the composition may be impregnated into carrier means such as a towelette or wipe.
  • the carrier means may be sealed in a container that does not react adversely with the composition prior to use and that helps prevent the composition from being exposed to the environment prior to use.
  • the fatty acid salt soap compositions formulated according to the presently disclosed technology may be applied to different parts of the body as rinse-off and/or leave-on applications.
  • such compositions may be applied to a part of a body and then be allowed to dry in place (e.g., a leave-on application, such as a lotion or cream), as it may be non-toxic to users.
  • the area to which the composition is applied may be toweled or blotted, thereby allowing the composition to evaporate or otherwise sink into the applied area.
  • the composition may be applied to an area and then rinsed off after a predetermined time. The area of application can be hydrated (pre-wetted) prior to application of the composition.
  • the composition can be applied with a cloth, bath sponge (e.g., luffa or loofah), hand, or the like.
  • the composition may be applied by rubbing the composition onto an area (e.g., using mechanical action with a hand, sponge, or the like) for a period ranging from one second to two minutes such as, e.g., a period ranging from approximately fifteen seconds to approximately one minute.
  • the mechanical rubbing action helps to create foam, helps loosen and remove debris from the hair and skin, and helps the composition penetrate an afflicted area(s).
  • the composition can be applied as disclosed above to selected areas afflicted with a pruritus including winter itch or can be applied as a personal care body cleanser during showering or bathing.
  • the personal care cleansing composition can be formulated as a shampoo, body wash, shower gel, facial wash or scrub, hand cleanser, or make-up remover.
  • the soap cleansing composition can be applied to an afflicted area (with mechanical rubbing) of the body and/or the scalp and allowed to reside on the area (residence time) for greater than approximately 5 seconds before being rinsed off such as, e.g., greater than approximately 20 seconds in one aspect, greater than approximately 25 seconds in another aspect, greater than 30 seconds in still another aspect, greater than 1 minute in a further aspect, greater than approximately 5 minutes in a still further aspect.
  • Recommended residence time ranges can range from approximately 10 seconds to approximately 5 minutes in one aspect, from approximately 20 seconds to approximately 1 minute in another aspect, from approximately 1 minute to approximately 2 minutes in still another aspect, or other lengths of time, as clinically appropriate.
  • the foregoing residence times and residence time ranges can include the amount of time that the composition is actively rubbed on the skin of the user and the amount of time that the composition resides on the skin of the patient without being actively rubbed.
  • a user can apply the composition to a skin area larger than an area specifically targeted for treatment (e.g., an afflicted area).
  • the user may apply the composition to the skin of an entire limb that includes the area specifically targeted for treatment, to the skin of substantially the entire body (e.g., an entire body wash), or to other suitable portions of a body.
  • Such broader application of the composition may enhance the effectiveness of the composition on the area specifically targeted for treatment (e.g., an area or portion of the body already afflicted with the pruritus condition), by preventively treating adjacent of areas of the skin from developing a pruritus condition.
  • compositions according to the disclosure may be applied to a part of the body with any suitable frequency.
  • the compositions may be used comparatively infrequently such as, for example, one per month, once per week, twice per week.
  • the compositions may be applied more frequently such as, for example, at least twice per week, at least once per day, at least twice per day, or the like.
  • the skin of the user can be hydrated (e.g., wetted with water) before applying the soap based composition.
  • Viscosity was measured in milli-Pascal seconds (mPa s), employing a Brookfield rotating spindle viscometer, (Brookfield, Model RVT) at about 20 revolutions per minute (rpm), at ambient room temperature of about 20 to 25°C. (hereafter referred to as Brookfield viscosity). Viscosity was measured on freshly prepared
  • compositions (referred to as "initial viscosity", and re-measured after allowing the composition to age for at least about 24 hours at ambient room temperature (referred to as “24-hour viscosity"). Where only one viscosity value is shown, the viscosity value is the 24-hour viscosity, unless otherwise indicated. Yield Value
  • Yield Value also referred to as Yield Stress
  • Yield Stress is herein defined as the initial resistance to flow under stress. It can be measured using a number of techniques, such as via the use of a constant stress rheometer or via
  • Soap based body wash compositions containing the acrylic copolymer of the disclosed technology are evaluated for the ability to mitigate pruritus caused by winter itch.
  • Potential test panelists who shower as their only means of bathing and who exclusively use a body wash cleansing product during their showering activity are interviewed and evaluated to determine whether they are afflicted with pruritus caused by conditions conducive to winter itch.
  • a panel of 29 persons who are confirmed to suffer from pruritus on any area of the skin affected by winter itch is selected for the test.
  • the panel test is conducted in 3 phases over a period of 18 consecutive days.
  • phase 1 days 1 -4
  • the panelists are instructed to use their current-day body wash product for their normal daily showering activity for days 1 -4 of the test. None of the body wash products used by the panelists in phase 1 of the test contain an acrylic based copolymer.
  • phase 2 days 4-1 1
  • the panelists are instructed to use the soap based body wash in accordance with the disclosed technology formulated with acrylic copolymer for their daily showering activity
  • phase 3 days 12-18
  • the panelists are instructed to shower with an identical soap based body wash composition but formulated without acrylic copolymer.
  • panelists are instructed not to deviate from their usual body wash product application and shower routines.
  • panelists are instructed to refrain from the use of moisturizing creams and anti-itch products unless the itch becomes intolerable.
  • panelists subjectively rate the intensity of any itch sensation emanating from the skin and to assign a rating number according to the following scale.
  • Panelists who report an itchy sensation from multiple sites (skin) on the body are instructed to average the ratings and report the average as a single rating no. for that day.
  • a liquid soap composition is prepared utilizing the following recipe.
  • Part A is prepared by dissolving potassium hydroxide in deionized water and heating the composition to 80°C.
  • Part B is separately prepared by adding glycerin and the rheology modifier to deionized (D.I.) water while mixing.
  • the fatty acids (ingredient Nos. 3, 4, and 5) are added to the glycerin/rheology modifier/water mixture with agitation and the temperature is raised to 80°C. Once the fatty acids melt and are homogeneously mixed, the other Part B ingredients are added to the composition.
  • Part A is added to Part B while the temperature is maintained at 80°C.
  • the Part AB composition is mixed for 30 to 60 minutes.
  • the Part AB composition Upon attaining a homogeneous mixture, the Part AB composition is allowed to cool at ambient room temperature. Upon cooling to 40°C, ingredient No. 9 is added to the Part AB. The formulation is cooled under agitation to ambient room temperature. The viscosity and yield value is measured at the initial pH of the formulation. The pH is sequentially lowered by addition of citric acid and the viscosity and yield values are recorded at each pH reading and reported in the Table 1 below.
  • a liquid soap/surfactant blend composition is prepared utilizing the following recipe. Ingredient Wt. %
  • NeoloneTM 950 2 (preservative) 0.1
  • Part A is prepared by dissolving potassium hydroxide in deionized water and heated to 80°C.
  • the ingredients of Part B are slowly heated with mixing until melted and then further heated until the temperature reaches 80°C.
  • Parts A and B are combined with mixing.
  • Part C is added to the combined Part AB composition which is maintained at 80°C and mixed until dissolved. While the combined Part ABC composition cools at ambient room temperature, the ingredients of Parts D and E are added in numerical order with thorough mixing.
  • the viscosity of the liquid soap composition is adjusted with the addition of 10 g of sodium chloride. The initial pH, viscosity and yield values of the composition are measured.
  • Liquid soap compositions are formulated from the ingredients set forth below utilizing the back-acid formulation technique.
  • Part A is prepared by dissolving potassium hydroxide in deionized water and heated to 80°C.
  • the ingredients of Part B are slowly heated with mixing until melted and then further heated until the temperature reaches 80°C.
  • Part A is combined with Part B and mixed for 30 to 60 minutes. The temperature of the mix is maintained at 80°C.
  • the Part AB composition is slowly allowed to cool.
  • Part C is separately formulated by adding the rheology modifier and glycerin to D.I. water with mixing. When the Part AB composition reaches a temperature range of between 60 to 70°C, Part C is added thereto and mixed.
  • the Part D ingredients are then added to the Part ABC composition in numerical order.
  • the initial pH, viscosity and yield values of the composition are measured.
  • the pH of each formulation is increased once with potassium hydroxide (85% solution) and then reduced once by the addition of citric acid (25% solution).
  • the viscosity and yield value data at each pH value is set forth in the table below.
  • a liquid soap composition is prepared utilizing the following recipe.
  • NeoloneTM 950 2 (preservative) 0.05
  • Part A is prepared by dissolving potassium hydroxide in deionized water and heated to 80°C.
  • the ingredients of Part B are slowly heated with mixing until melted and then further heated until the temperature reaches 80°C.
  • Part A is combined with Part B and mixed for 30 to 60 minutes. The temperature of the mix is maintained at 80°C.
  • the Part AB composition is slowly allowed to cool. When the Part AB composition reaches a temperature range of between 60 to 70°C, ingredient No. 9 is added and mixed until uniform. Ingredient Nos. 10 and 1 1 are added in order and mixed. When the composition reaches 40°C, ingredient Nos. 12 to 15 are added in numerical order to the composition and mixed.
  • the pH of the composition is adjusted with citric acid to obtain the soap product.
  • a liquid body wash composition is prepared utilizing the following recipe.
  • Part A is prepared by dissolving potassium hydroxide in deionized water and heating to 80°C.
  • the ingredients of Part B are slowly heated with mixing until homogeneous and then further heated until the temperature reaches 80°C.
  • Part A is combined with Part B and mixed for 30 to 60 minutes. The temperature of the mix is maintained at 80°C.
  • the Part AB composition is slowly allowed to cool. When the Part AB composition reaches a temperature range of between 60 to 70°C, ingredient Nos. 9 and 10 are added in order and mixed. When the composition reaches 40°C, ingredient No. 1 1 is added to the composition and mixed until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
  • a liquid body wash composition is prepared utilizing the following recipe.
  • Part A is prepared by dissolving potassium hydroxide in deionized water and heated to 80°C.
  • Part B is prepared by adding Carbopol ® Aqua SF-1 polymer, lau c acid and myristic acid to deionized water and slowly heating the ingredients between about 70 to about 80°C with mixing until the fatty acids are melted.
  • Part B is then added to Part A and the temperature of the Part AB mixture is maintained between about 70 to about 80°C.
  • Part AB is mixed for 30 to 60 minutes.
  • the Part C ingredients are added to Part AB in numerical order with mixing. Upon attaining a homogeneous mix, Part ABC is slowly allowed to cool.
  • Part D is prepared by combining GlucamTM E-10 humectant with glycerin with mixing. Triclosan antimicrobial agent is dispersed into Part D with mixing.
  • Part ABC cools to slightly below 50°C
  • Part D is added to Part ABC with mixing.
  • Part ABCD cools to about 40°C
  • the Part E ingredients are added to the Part ABCD and mixed until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
  • a liquid body wash composition is prepared utilizing the following recipe.
  • Part D Ingredient Wt. %
  • Part A is prepared by dissolving potassium hydroxide in deionized water and heated to 80°C.
  • Part B is prepared by combining glycerin, Carbopol ® Aqua SF-1 polymer and deionized water with mixing.
  • the fatty acid components are then added to PART B and Part B is heated to 80°C with mixing until all fatty acids have melted.
  • PART A is added to PART B.
  • Part AB is mixed for 30-60 minutes while maintaining the temperature at 80°C.
  • Part AB is slowly allowed to cool under ambient conditions by removing the heat source.
  • Part AB cools the Part C ingredients are added in the numerical order shown to Part AB and mixed until uniform.
  • PART D is added and mixed until a uniform mixture is obtained.
  • PART E is then added to Part ABCD and the composition is mixed until uniform.
  • This example provides the results of a survey/study distributed to 132 individuals who reside within the prefecture limits of Tokyo, Kanagawa and Aichi, Japan. The individuals were asked if they experienced seasonal itchiness. If affirmative, they were asked to list the month of the year in which they experienced the highest frequency of itchiness. Of the 132 surveys that were distributed for the study, 101 were returned with a response. Of the returned responses, 52 persons (approximately 51 % of the respondents) indicated that they experienced seasonal itchiness.
  • Figure 1 is a plot showing the month(s) of the year in which the respondents experienced itchiness. The average temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%) for each month (Tokyo, Japan) is also plotted in the figure. The plotted temperature and relative humidity statistics for Tokyo, Japan plotted for each month of the study were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency (30 year monthly average for the years 1981 through 2010).
  • Example 8 Disclosed technology
  • Example 9 comparative
  • the liquid body wash compositions of Example 8 (disclosed technology) and Example 9 (comparative) are evaluated for their ability to mitigate pruritus caused by winter itch in accordance with the panel testing methodology described in the Methods Description section above. After each day of the evaluation test, each panelist assigns and records a rating for the intensity of the itchiness sensation. The ratings assigned by the 29 panelists for each day of the test are averaged and plotted in Figure 2.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une technologie liée à une méthode de traitement d'une sensation cutanée pruritique, comprenant l'application, sur le cuir chevelu et/ou la peau, d'au moins une composition comprenant les éléments suivants : a) au moins un sel d'un acide gras ; b) un polymère préparé à partir de i. 35 % environ à 65 % environ en poids d'un acide acrylique, d'un acide méthacrylique ou de leur combinaisons ; ii. 65 % environ à 35 % environ en poids d'au moins un ester d'alkyle en C1 à C5 d'un méthacrylique acide ou d'un acide acrylique ; et iii. 0,03 % environ à 3 % environ en poids d'au moins un monomère agent de réticulation polyinsaturé ; c) de l'eau ; et d) éventuellement au moins un tensioactif.
PCT/US2014/054936 2013-09-11 2014-09-10 Compositions de savon et méthodes de traitement pour l'atténuation du prurit hivernal Ceased WO2015038601A1 (fr)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017214328A (ja) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 ライオン株式会社 液体皮膚洗浄剤組成物
WO2019040442A1 (fr) 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Compositions de savon et méthodes de traitement pour l'atténuation du prurit hivernal
WO2019126162A1 (fr) 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Composition de nettoyage contenant de l'huile ayant des propriétés moussantes
WO2019177925A1 (fr) 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Compositions nettoyantes moussantes contenant une huile non polaire et un polymère amphiphile
WO2020123609A1 (fr) 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Compositions et méthodes de traitement pour l'atténuation du prurit lié à la saison hivernale
WO2020131678A1 (fr) 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Composition et procédé de nettoyage
US11253453B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2022-02-22 Innospec Limited Reducing colour loss from a dyed material by using an amine salt of a carboxylic acid
WO2025102255A1 (fr) * 2023-11-15 2025-05-22 L'oreal Procédé de soin et/ou de maquillage de la peau

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0853941A2 (fr) * 1996-12-20 1998-07-22 Kao Corporation Compositions détergentes
WO2001041729A1 (fr) * 1999-12-06 2001-06-14 Unilever Plc Liquides stables a forte teneur en glycerol contenant des monoesters d'acide sulfosuccinique
JP2004204153A (ja) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-22 Lion Corp 洗浄剤組成物
US20110142965A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2011-06-16 Bob Walke Skin moisturizer and washing formulation
US20130130960A1 (en) * 2011-11-23 2013-05-23 Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever Toilet soap with improved lather

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0853941A2 (fr) * 1996-12-20 1998-07-22 Kao Corporation Compositions détergentes
WO2001041729A1 (fr) * 1999-12-06 2001-06-14 Unilever Plc Liquides stables a forte teneur en glycerol contenant des monoesters d'acide sulfosuccinique
JP2004204153A (ja) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-22 Lion Corp 洗浄剤組成物
US20110142965A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2011-06-16 Bob Walke Skin moisturizer and washing formulation
US20130130960A1 (en) * 2011-11-23 2013-05-23 Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever Toilet soap with improved lather

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017214328A (ja) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 ライオン株式会社 液体皮膚洗浄剤組成物
US11253453B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2022-02-22 Innospec Limited Reducing colour loss from a dyed material by using an amine salt of a carboxylic acid
WO2019040442A1 (fr) 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Compositions de savon et méthodes de traitement pour l'atténuation du prurit hivernal
WO2019126162A1 (fr) 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Composition de nettoyage contenant de l'huile ayant des propriétés moussantes
WO2019177925A1 (fr) 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Compositions nettoyantes moussantes contenant une huile non polaire et un polymère amphiphile
WO2020123609A1 (fr) 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Compositions et méthodes de traitement pour l'atténuation du prurit lié à la saison hivernale
WO2020131678A1 (fr) 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Composition et procédé de nettoyage
WO2025102255A1 (fr) * 2023-11-15 2025-05-22 L'oreal Procédé de soin et/ou de maquillage de la peau

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