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WO2015024157A1 - Procédé de transmission d'informations, équipement d'utilisateur et système de communication - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission d'informations, équipement d'utilisateur et système de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015024157A1
WO2015024157A1 PCT/CN2013/081749 CN2013081749W WO2015024157A1 WO 2015024157 A1 WO2015024157 A1 WO 2015024157A1 CN 2013081749 W CN2013081749 W CN 2013081749W WO 2015024157 A1 WO2015024157 A1 WO 2015024157A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
codebook
small cell
dense small
user equipment
dense
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2013/081749
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张翼
周华
吴建明
谭维凯
郭爱煌
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Fujitsu Ltd
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Fujitsu Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/081749 priority Critical patent/WO2015024157A1/fr
Publication of WO2015024157A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015024157A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/0482—Adaptive codebooks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an information transmission method, a user equipment, and a communication system based on a dense small cell codebook.
  • the Small Cell scheme can be formed in a public space such as a home, a business, a city, and a rural area by adding a base station (BS, Base Station) that is smaller than a conventional macro base station, and can form a Femto Cell, a Pico Cell, and a Micro. Cells such as Cell and Metro Cell.
  • BS Base Station
  • Cells such as Cell and Metro Cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a small cell scenario composed of multiple types of base stations, as shown in FIG. 1, P represents Pico
  • the introduction of small cells has resulted in a more complex wireless environment, and the small size of the small cells has caused tremendous changes in the wireless links.
  • the coverage radius of a small cell is 50-150 meters, the transmission power is 0.1-10W, the antenna height is relatively low, and the microwave propagation path becomes unpredictable.
  • the wireless channel between the BS and the user equipment is likely to have Very strong line of sight (LOS, Line Of Sight) path.
  • LOS Line Of Sight
  • the degree of change of the signal with time can be characterized by a cubic metric (CM, Cubic Metric) value; the larger the CM value, the larger the amplitude of the signal changes with time, that is, The greater the instantaneous power change of the signal.
  • CM cubic Metric
  • a transmitter for a downlink transmission has a larger linear range of power amplifiers, and a lower CM value for the signal, that is, a signal that supports a larger CM value.
  • the transmitter for the uplink transmission has a smaller linear range of the power amplifier, so the CM value of the signal is also higher, that is, only the support is relatively high.
  • a signal with a small CM value does not support a signal with a large CM value.
  • the small coverage of small cells, lower antenna heights and more complex wireless signal environments have brought about dramatic changes to wireless links. Analyze the difference between the small cell scenario and the traditional cell, and for the characteristics of the small cell It is especially important to design an uplink codebook suitable for small cells.
  • the received power distributions of typical indoor scenes in indoor hotspot (InH) Urban Micro (UMi), Urban Macro (UMa), Suburban Macro (SMa), and Rura Macro (RMa) were compared in InH, UMi and In the UMa scenario, the number of power-limited UEs is less than 10% of the total number of UEs, and in the scenario of large coverage cells such as RMa and SMa, the number of power-limited UEs is much larger. This is mainly because in the scenario of a large coverage cell, the UE at the cell edge generally needs more transmission power than the small cell scenario.
  • non-power limitation is a more typical case.
  • the transmission of the uplink Rank 2 is not necessarily limited by the power limitation.
  • a non-power limited method can be used.
  • CMP Cubic Metric Preserving
  • the inventors have found that the design of the uplink codebook in the prior art does not take into account the influence factors of the channel capacity in the dense small cell, and cannot further reduce the bit error rate and improve the throughput of the system.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an information transmission method, a user equipment, and a communication system.
  • the purpose is to: consider the influencing factors of the channel capacity in the dense small cell to generate the uplink codebook of the dense small cell and perform information transmission.
  • an information transmission method which is applied to a dense small cell, and the method includes:
  • the user equipment generates a dense small cell codebook, and part or all of the vectors in the dense small cell codebook are generated according to the line of sight portion of the channel capacity of the dense small cell;
  • the pre-coding is performed using the dense small cell codebook to send information to the base station.
  • a user equipment which is applied to a dense small cell, where the user equipment includes:
  • a codebook generating unit generating a dense small cell codebook, part or all of the dense small cell codebook The amount is generated according to the line of sight portion of the channel capacity of the dense small cell;
  • the information sending unit performs precoding on the dense small cell codebook to send information to the base station.
  • a communication system including:
  • a user equipment applied to a dense small cell; generating a dense small cell codebook, where part or all of the vector in the dense small cell codebook is generated according to a line of sight portion of a channel capacity of the dense small cell; and using the dense The small cell codebook performs precoding and transmits information to the base station.
  • a computer readable program wherein when the program is executed in a user device, the program causes a computer to execute an information transmission method as described above in the user device.
  • a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes a computer to execute an information transmission method as described above in a user equipment.
  • an advantageous effect of the embodiments of the present invention is that the uplink codebook is generated by utilizing the line-of-sight component of the channel capacity in the dense small cell, and the influence factor of the channel capacity in the dense small cell can be considered. Not only can the bit error rate be reduced, but the throughput of the system can be increased.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a small cell scenario composed of multiple types of base stations
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an information transmission method, which is applied to a dense small cell, and is described below from the user equipment side.
  • 2 is a schematic flowchart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes:
  • Step 201 The user equipment generates a dense small cell codebook, and part or all of the vectors in the dense small cell codebook are generated according to the line of sight of the channel capacity of the dense small cell.
  • Step 202 The user equipment performs precoding using the dense small cell codebook to send information to the base station.
  • the dense small cell may be non-power limited, and the dense small cell codebook has
  • a codebook of CMF characteristics but the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the user equipment uses the codebook for precoding and information transmission, reference may be made to the prior art.
  • the scene includes N MSs and M miniaturized BSs arranged in public spaces such as homes, businesses, cities and rural areas. Among them, each MS has ⁇ transmit antennas, and each BS has one receive antenna.
  • the BS and the central station (CS) are connected by a backhaul link with no delay, no error, and unlimited capacity.
  • the CS processes signals received from all BSs in common.
  • This model corresponds to a cooperative small cell system in which several BSs can be connected together to become a "virtual cell”. It is assumed that perfect channel state information, including channel mean information and channel covariance information, can be obtained at the receiving end.
  • R ss E ⁇ x u x u H ) ⁇ I (2)
  • ⁇ , ⁇ , ., ., ⁇ ⁇ is the "MS" emission signal.
  • ye ⁇ is the received signal
  • HUNe is the channel matrix
  • FeC is the precoding matrix
  • xe ⁇ 1 is the transmission symbol
  • R is the rank of the transmission precoding matrix
  • NeC M « is the mean
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3:
  • Channel H is an unrelated Rician channel, ie
  • -H Tail is the channel mean, that is, the line of sight between the base station and the client (LOS,
  • Each element is an independent symmetric complex Gaussian random variable (ZMCSCG) with a mean of zero and a variance of one; the K factor is the ratio of the power of the line-of-sight portion to the power of the channel fading.
  • ZMCSCG symmetric complex Gaussian random variable
  • the goal is to find an F, to maximize the mutual information between: and the constraint, and the constraint is
  • ⁇ is the transmission power of the user equipment.
  • the traversal channel capacity after the shape of the selected shape vector can be expressed as
  • H cursor is a diagonal matrix. Since the transmitting antenna is a uniform linear array antenna, H cursor is a matrix of mnk-1. and
  • ⁇ is the antenna spacing
  • ⁇ is the carrier wavelength
  • ⁇ is the angle between the received signal and the antenna array.
  • an expression of the channel capacity in a dense small cell can be derived.
  • the following describes how to generate an uplink codebook of a dense small cell by using the LOS component and the NLOS component of the channel capacity in the dense small cell.
  • this embodiment in order to utilize the characteristics of the LOS part of the Rician channel and improve the LOS part
  • the traversal channel capacity can be expressed as
  • G 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ " ⁇ V"FW V
  • G 4 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ " H w V ⁇ FW v .
  • the shape vector of the LOS part can be expressed as
  • the vector of the dense small cell codebook corresponding to the LOS may be:
  • the codebook size is 16
  • the dense small cell codebook can be:
  • Table 2 shows the case of the layer 1 codeword distance.
  • the layer 1 average codeword distance of the codebook used in the simulation is compared with the layer 1 minimum codeword distance, respectively.
  • the average codeword distance of the layer 1 of the LTE downlink Rank2 codebook is the largest.
  • the small cell rankl codebook proposed by the present invention is slightly smaller than the LTE downlink Rank2 codebook, and is much larger than the LTE uplink Rank2 codebook.
  • the codebook size of the LTE uplink Rank1 codebook is 24, and therefore smaller than other codebooks. Therefore, the small cell 4 transmit antenna mnkl codebook proposed by the present invention has a larger codeword distance, which can bring better performance.
  • another partial vector in the dense small cell codebook may be generated according to the NLOS component of the channel capacity of the dense small cell.
  • the codebook design is consistent with the codebook design method in the Rayleigh channel.
  • the goal is to obtain a precoding matrix at the transmitting end at a small cost, and the signal can be adjusted according to the channel conditions to maximize the matching with the current channel.
  • the factor to be considered is the distance between the code words, so that the distance between the code words is as large as possible.
  • the codebook design In the codebook design of Rank-2 and above, the codebook design must have low correlation with the codebook to eliminate or reduce inter-user and inter-layer interference. At the same time, the codebook design also needs to consider the general codebook design principles such as power amplifier balance, equal layer power, matching transmit array response, nested structure and low CM value.
  • a codebook with a rank greater than or equal to 2 may be generated based on a householder ( ⁇ ) transform based on a vector of dense small cell codebooks corresponding to the LOS component.
  • the codebook of nmk 2 can be generated according to the codebook of rank 1.
  • the codebook In order to reduce the interlayer interference to 0, the codebook must satisfy the ⁇ characteristic.
  • the codebook in order to utilize the codebook of rank 1, the codebook also needs to satisfy the nested structure.
  • the householder transform and matrix aggregation may be used to generate a full rank codebook that satisfies the condition.
  • c,. is the ith codeword in codebook G.
  • the codeword is a column vector of Mxl dimension.
  • the method of transforming into ⁇ by Householder is as follows:
  • the codebook of rank 2 is to be designed, and since ⁇ , it is a unitary matrix. Therefore, it is only necessary to select two columns from each ⁇ as the rank 2 codebook. To maximize the minimum codebook chord distance, after filtering all possible combinations, the codebook with the smallest codebook chord distance is obtained.
  • the dense small cell codebook with a rank of 2 and a transmit antenna of 4 may be:
  • a codebook with a rank greater than or equal to 2 may be generated based on a Grassmann (GM) transform according to a vector of a dense small cell codebook corresponding to the LOS component.
  • GM Grassmann
  • the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) codebook constructs the codebook from the simplest aspect of implementation.
  • the codeword spacing does not guarantee the maximum codeword spacing.
  • the average codeword spacing of the DFT codebook is The HH is much smaller than the Grassmann codebook, so this codebook does not guarantee the performance of the system.
  • the codebook structure is performed, and when searching for the base codeword, a codeword based on the Glassman packet is used.
  • the Glassman packing problem is simplified to find a set of N straight lines in C M
  • the minimum distance between any two lines in the set is the largest, that is, the minimum distance between the two sub-spaces is maximized.
  • the Chordal distance is used, which is commonly referred to as the chord distance.
  • chord distance is the distance between two points on the circle after the Grassman manifold is equivalently changed to the unit circle. Maximizing this distance means minimizing the sum of the eigenvalues of the matrix ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the codebook of rank 2 is designed, and since ⁇ is a unitary matrix, it is only necessary to select two columns from each ⁇ as the rank 2 codebook. To maximize the minimum codebook chord distance, after filtering all possible combinations, the codebook with the smallest codebook chord distance is obtained.
  • the dense small cell codebook with a rank of 2 and a transmit antenna of 4 is: Table 4 Codebook of dense antenna 4 transmit antenna rank 2
  • the codebooks with different parameter requirements can be constructed, and the codebook based on the Glassman subspace expansion considers the distance between the codewords, and makes the distance between the codewords as large as possible, so the method is expanded into The space is larger and its performance is better than the DFT codebook.
  • Table 5 shows the case of the mnk 2 codeword distance. The average codeword distance and the minimum codeword distance of the codebook used in the simulation were compared.
  • LTE uplink Rank2 codebook 0.5138 0.5 Small cell codebook based on Grassmann 0.5133 0.3903 Small cell codebook based on HH 0.5124 0.2944
  • the average codeword distance of the LTE uplink Rank2 codebook is the largest, and the Grassmann-based small cell codebook proposed by the present invention is slightly smaller than the average codeword distance of the LTE uplink Rank2 codebook, and the HH-based small cell codebook is used.
  • the codebook distance is inferior to the Grassmann based small cell codebook. It can be seen that in the two codebooks of the Grassmann-based small cell codebook and the HH-based small cell codebook proposed by the present invention, their first layer codewords are the same, only the layer 2 code. Words differ in their design methods.
  • the Grassman-based small cell codebook has a larger codeword distance, so the Grassmann-based small-area codebook will have better performance in the Rayleigh component of the channel.
  • simulation is performed on a dense small cell codebook.
  • the simulation parameters are shown in Table 6 below: Table 4.1 Link Level Simulation Parameters
  • the BLER curve of the small cell codebook of the present invention is shown.
  • the small cell codebook proposed by the present invention is similar to the LTE uplink codebook and the LTE downlink Rank1 codebook, and is slightly better than the LTE uplink codebook.
  • the LTE downlink codebook is used for the downlink channel, it can be used as a reference here. It can be seen that the codebook proposed by the present invention can perform equally well in a general Rayleigh channel.
  • the K factor is 1, that is, the ratio of the power of the LOS portion to the power of the channel fading portion is 1
  • the small cell codebook proposed by the present invention increases the gain by about 2 dB over the LTE uplink codebook.
  • the small cell codebook proposed by the present invention can well match and utilize the received signal of this part, and the ordinary The codebook is only aimed at maximizing performance metrics such as codeword spacing, and does not make good use of this gain.
  • the K factor is 10
  • the small cell codebook proposed by the present invention can bring a very large performance gain, and the LTE uplink.
  • the Rank 1 codebook improves the performance gain by 6dB.
  • the LOS part of the channel occupies a large part of the power, and the small cell channel that can make full use of the LOS part can show the maximum performance gain.
  • the householder-based small cell codebook proposed by the present invention is slightly better than the LTE uplink Rank 2 codebook, and the LTE uplink Rank 1 codebook has the best performance, which is about 0.2 dB lower.
  • the householder-based small cell codebook proposed by the present invention has similar performance to other rank2 codebooks.
  • the number of simulated frames is 600 frames and the time is 0.6s.
  • the proposed small cell codebook can well match and utilize the received signal of this part, and the ordinary codebook only aims at maximizing the performance index such as codeword spacing, and does not make good use of this part of the gain.
  • the number of simulation frames is 600 frames and the time is 0.6 s.
  • the small-cell codebook based on the householder proposed by the present invention can bring a very large performance gain.
  • the performance gain is improved by 1 ⁇ 2dB
  • the LTE uplink Rank 2 codebook is improved by 3 ⁇ 4dB performance gain.
  • the LOS portion of the channel occupies a large portion of the power
  • the small cell channel capable of fully utilizing the LOS portion can exhibit a maximum performance gain.
  • GM Grassmann
  • the BLER curve of the small cell codebook of the present invention is shown.
  • the grassland transform-based small cell codebook proposed by the present invention has the best performance compared with other codebooks, and has about 3 dB performance improvement compared with the LTE uplink Rank 2 codebook. This is because the layer 2 of the small cell codebook based on Gmssmatm takes into account the influence of the minimum codeword distance and can bring the greatest performance improvement in the Rayleigh channel.
  • the number of simulated frames is 600 frames and the time is 0.6s.
  • the Gmssmatm-based small cell codebook proposed by the present invention can greatly improve system performance, and LTE. Compared with the downlink Rank 2 codebook, the 3dB performance gain is improved, and the LTE uplink Rank 2 codebook is improved by 5dB performance gain.
  • the small cell codebook layer 2 precoding vector can maximize the minimum codeword distance, make full use of the Rayleigh component in the channel, and improve system performance, thus having a 0.3 dB improvement compared to the householder based small cell codebook.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph based on Grassmann transform when a Rice channel with a K factor of 10 is used in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a schematic diagram of the simulation results of nmk 2 codebook.
  • the core channel with a K factor of 10 has an emulation frame number of 600 frames and a time of 0.6 s.
  • the performance gain is improved by 3 dB compared with the LTE uplink Rank 2 codebook.
  • the LOS part of the channel occupies a large part of the power, and can make full use of the small cell channel of the LOS part, so it can bring better performance than other codebooks.
  • the influence factor of the channel capacity in the dense small cell can be considered. Not only can it reduce the bit error rate, but it can also increase the throughput of the system.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a user equipment, which is applied to a dense small cell. This embodiment corresponds to the information transmission method in Embodiment 1, and the same content as Embodiment 1 will not be described again.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user equipment 1300 includes: a codebook generating unit 1301 and an information sending unit 1302; other parts of the user equipment 1300 are not shown, and reference may be made to There are technologies.
  • the codebook generating unit 1301 generates a dense small cell codebook, and some or all of the vectors in the dense small cell codebook are generated according to the LOS part of the channel capacity of the dense small cell; the information sending unit 1302 uses the dense small cell codebook. After precoding, the information is sent to the base station.
  • the dense small cell is non-power limited
  • the dense small cell codebook is a codebook having CMF characteristics
  • the angular difference between any two adjacent codewords may be equal to maximize the minimum distance between any two codewords in the codebook.
  • the vector of the dense small cell codebook corresponding to the LOS part may be:
  • the codebook size For the number of antennas, it is the codebook size.
  • another partial vector in the dense small cell codebook may also be generated according to the NLOS portion of the channel capacity of the dense small cell.
  • the codebook generating unit 1301 is further configured to: generate a codebook with a rank greater than or equal to 2 based on a householder transform according to a vector of the dense small cell codebook corresponding to the LOS portion.
  • the codebook generating unit 1301 is further configured to: generate a codebook with a rank greater than or equal to 2 based on a Grassmann transform according to a vector of the dense small cell codebook corresponding to the L0S portion.
  • the influence factor of the channel capacity in the dense small cell can be considered. Not only can it reduce the bit error rate, but it can also increase the throughput of the system.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication system 1400 includes: a user equipment 1401 and a macro base station and a small base station.
  • the macro base station and the small base station may form a dense small cell, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the user equipment 1401 generates a dense small cell codebook, and some or all of the vectors in the dense small cell codebook are generated according to the LOS part of the channel capacity of the dense small cell; and the pre-coded using the dense small cell codebook is sent to the base station. information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable program, wherein when the program is executed in a user equipment, the program causes the computer to execute the information transmission method as described in Embodiment 1 above in the user equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes the computer to execute the information transmission method as described in Embodiment 1 above in the user equipment.
  • the above apparatus and method of the present invention may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by hardware in combination with software.
  • the present invention relates to a computer readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the apparatus or components described above, or to cause the logic component to implement the various methods described above Or steps.
  • the present invention also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, or the like.
  • One or more of the functional blocks described in the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may be implemented as a general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP) for performing the functions described herein.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • One or more of the functional blocks described with respect to the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, eg, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors One or more microprocessors in conjunction with DSP communication or any other such configuration.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne, dans des modes de réalisation, un procédé de transmission d'informations basé sur un livre de codes de petite cellule intensive, un équipement d'utilisateur et un système de communication. Le procédé de transmission d'informations consiste à : générer, au moyen de l'équipement d'utilisateur, le livre de codes de petite cellule intensive, tout ou partie des vecteurs étant générés en fonction de la visibilité directe (LOS) de la capacité de canal de la petite cellule intensive; et envoyer des informations à une station de base après avoir utilisé le livre de codes de petite cellule intensive en vue d'un précodage. Au moyen de ce mode de réalisation de la présente invention, les facteurs de contribution de la capacité de canal de la petite cellule intensive peuvent être pris en compte. Non seulement le taux d'erreur peut être réduit, mais le débit de système peut également être amélioré.
PCT/CN2013/081749 2013-08-19 2013-08-19 Procédé de transmission d'informations, équipement d'utilisateur et système de communication Ceased WO2015024157A1 (fr)

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CN102130754A (zh) * 2011-03-11 2011-07-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种实现协同预编码的方法和系统

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