WO2015080219A1 - 重合性化合物、組成物、重合体、光学異方体、液晶表示素子及び有機el素子 - Google Patents
重合性化合物、組成物、重合体、光学異方体、液晶表示素子及び有機el素子 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymerizable compound, a composition, a polymer, an optical anisotropic body, a liquid crystal display element, and an organic EL element.
- Optical anisotropic bodies such as retardation films and polarizing plates used in liquid crystal displays are solutions that contain a polymerizable liquid crystal material on a base material that has been subjected to a rubbing treatment or a photo-alignment film that has been photo-aligned. Can be produced by applying UV light and drying the solvent, followed by polymerization with ultraviolet light or heat.
- the retardation film in order to improve the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display, it is required to reduce or reverse the wavelength dispersion of the birefringence ( ⁇ n). In order to realize this characteristic, reverse dispersion type polymerizable liquid crystal compounds have been developed (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the wavelength dispersion of the birefringence index is reversed, or the polymerizable liquid crystal compound constituting the retardation film is a reverse dispersion type.
- the heating temperature at the time of polymerizing the polymerizable compound is important. If this heating temperature is lowered, it is considered that the optical characteristics can be improved by suppressing the deterioration of the film. .
- the reverse dispersion type polymerizable compound having a bulky portion (the vertical unit) introduced in a direction perpendicular to the molecular long axis mainly composed of rigid mesogen has a very high temperature showing a liquid crystal phase.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a polymerizable compound suitable as an optically anisotropic material having excellent optical properties, a composition containing the polymerizable compound, and the polymerizable compound are polymerized. It is an object of the present invention to provide an obtained polymer, an optical anisotropic body composed of the polymer, and a liquid crystal display device including the optical anisotropic body.
- the first aspect of the present invention is the following polymerizable compound.
- General formula (1) is the following polymerizable compound.
- P represents a polymerizable functional group
- Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond
- a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 each independently represents a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group
- R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or “* -Sp—P” (* represents binding to A 4 or A 3 );
- R 3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and the hydrogen atom contained in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group is a carbon atom May be substituted with an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a —C ⁇ C—CH 3 group or a hydroxyl group of formulas 1 to 6,
- m and n each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4 (where m + n is an integer of 2 or more);
- T 1 represents —S—, —O—, —CH 2 —, —NH—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, —S ( ⁇ O) — or —C ( ⁇ S)
- the second aspect of the present invention is a composition containing the polymerizable compound of the first aspect.
- the third aspect of the present invention is a polymer obtained by polymerizing the composition of the second aspect.
- the fourth aspect of the present invention is an optical anisotropic body using the polymer of the third aspect.
- the fifth aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal display element using the optical anisotropic body of the fourth aspect.
- the sixth aspect of the present invention is an organic EL element using the optical anisotropic body of the fourth aspect.
- an optical anisotropic body excellent in optical characteristics can be produced.
- a liquid crystal display element with an improved viewing angle can be manufactured.
- the polymerizable compound of the first embodiment of the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- P represents a polymerizable functional group
- Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond
- a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 each independently represents a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group
- R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or “* -Sp—P” (* represents binding to A 4 or A 3 );
- R 3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and the hydrogen atom contained in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group is a carbon atom May be substituted with an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a —C ⁇ C—CH 3 group, or a hydroxyl group of formulas 1 to 6;
- m and n each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4 (where m + n is an integer of 2 or more);
- T 1 represents —S—, —O—, —CH 2 —, —NH—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, —S ( ⁇ O) — or —C ( ⁇ S
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) preferably has liquid crystallinity before polymerization. That is, the compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably a polymerizable liquid crystal compound.
- P> As the polymerizable functional group represented by P in the general formula (1), groups used in conventional polymerizable liquid crystal compounds can be applied without limitation.
- a vinyl group a p-stilbene group, an acrylic group ( (Acryloyl group), methacryl group (methacryloyl group), acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, carboxyl group, methylcarbonyl group, hydroxyl group, amide group, alkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino group, epoxy group, oxetanyl group Aldehyde group, isocyanate group or thioisocyanate group.
- an acrylic group (Acryloyl group), methacryl group (methacryloyl group), acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, carboxyl group, methylcarbonyl group, hydroxyl group, amide group, alkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino group, epoxy group, o
- Suitable polymerizable functional group P includes a substituent selected from the group consisting of substituents represented by the following general formula (II-c), general formula (II-d) and general formula (II-e). .
- R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 32 , R 33 , R 41 , R 42 and R 43 are: Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n represents 0 or 1.
- R 31 in the general formula (II-d) represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the left end of the polymerizable functional group represented by the above general formula is bonded to Sp in the general formula (1).
- the alkyl group is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group, and more preferably a linear alkyl group. Some or all of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the alkyl group may be substituted with halogen atoms.
- polymerizable functional groups represented by the above general formula from the viewpoint of enhancing the polymerizability and the storage stability, selected from the group consisting of groups represented by the general formula (II-c) and general formula (II-d) And a group selected from the group consisting of groups represented by formula (II-d) is more preferable.
- Examples of the polymerizable functional group represented by the general formula (II-c), general formula (II-d), or general formula (II-e) include the following reactive functional groups (P-1) to (P- 8). Of these reactive functional groups, the following (P-1) or (P-2) is preferred, and the following (P-1) is more preferred from the viewpoint of enhancing the polymerizability and storage stability.
- the right ends of the polymerizable functional groups represented by the following (P-1) to (P-8) are bonded to Sp in the general formula (1).
- ⁇ Sp> Sp in the general formula (1) is a spacer group or a single bond.
- the spacer group is a divalent linking group capable of linking the polymerizable functional group P and A 1 or A 2, and is a compound represented by the general formula (1) (referred to as compound (1) in this specification).
- a linking group that does not impair the liquid crystallinity is preferred.
- Suitable Sp includes, for example, a linear alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Independently of each two or more CH 2 groups not one CH 2 group or adjacent existing in the alkylene group each other, between an oxygen atom, together sulfur atom, and to and from an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom In a form that is not directly bonded, —O—, —S—, —NH—, —N (CH 3 ) —, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —SCO—, —COS—, It may be replaced by —CH ⁇ CH— or —C ⁇ C—.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkylene group is preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 3 to 8, and further preferably 3 to 6, from the viewpoint of improving liquid crystallinity.
- ⁇ Cyclic group A 1, A 2, A 3, A 4>
- the cyclic groups A 1 , A 2 , A 3 and A 4 in the general formula (1) each independently represent a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- the cyclic group may be an aromatic heterocyclic group.
- cyclic group examples include 1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-cyclohexenyl group, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, 1,3-dioxane-2, 5-diyl group, tetrahydrothiopyran-2,5-diyl group, 1,4-bicyclo (2,2,2) octylene group, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, pyridine-2,5-diyl group , Pyrimidine-2,5-diyl group, pyrazine-2,5-diyl group, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, 2,6-naphthylene group, phenanthrene-2,7- Diyl group, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diyl group, 1,2,3,4,4a, 9,10a-
- One or more hydrogen atoms include F, Cl, CF 3 , OCF 3 , a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkanoyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, An alkanoyloxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- the cyclic groups A 1 , A 2 , A 3 and A 4 in the general formula (1) are preferably each independently the above 1,4-phenylene group or 1,4-cyclohexylene group. When these cyclic groups are used, it becomes easy to improve the liquid crystallinity of the polymerizable compound of the present embodiment and improve the orientation of the polymer.
- ⁇ Linking group or a single bond X 1, X 2, X 3, X 4> X ⁇ 1 >, X ⁇ 2 >, X ⁇ 3 >, X ⁇ 4 > in General formula (1) represents a bivalent coupling group or a single bond each independently.
- u represents an integer of 0 to 2.
- — (CH 2 ) u —O—COO— and —O—COO— (CH 2 ) u — represents —O—COO—
- — (CH 2 ) u —O — and — O— (CH 2 ) u — represents —O—
- — (CH 2 ) u —COO— and —COO— (CH 2 ) u — represents —COO—
- —OCO— (CH 2 ) u — represents —OCO—.
- X 2 and X 3 each independently represent —CH 2 CH 2 —, a single bond, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —CH ⁇ CHCOO—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, — ( CH 2 ) u -O-COO-,-(CH 2 ) u -OCO-,-(CH 2 ) u -COO-,-(CH 2 ) u -O-, -O-COO- (CH 2 ) u —, —OCO— (CH 2 ) u —, —COO— (CH 2 ) u — or —O— (CH 2 ) u — is preferred.
- u represents an integer of 0 to 2, and when u is 0, — (CH 2 ) u —COO— and —COO— (CH 2 ) u — represents —COO—, (CH 2 ) u -OCO- and -OCO- (CH 2 ) u- represent -OCO-.
- the compounds of the general formula (1) having a more preferable combination of X 2 and X 3 are represented by the following general formulas (1-a) to (1-t).
- X 1 and X 4 in the general formula (1) are independently of each other —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, a single bond, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —CH. 2 O— or —OCH 2 — is preferable, and —COO—, —OCO— or —CH 2 CH 2 — is preferable.
- linking groups of X 1 and X 4 exemplified here can be arbitrarily combined with the preferred combination of X 2 and X 3 described above.
- n ⁇ M, n>
- m and n each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4, and m + n is an integer of 2 or more.
- m and n are each independently preferably 0 to 3, more preferably 0 to 2, and even more preferably 1 or 2. Further, m and n are preferably the same integer.
- R 1 > The terminal group R 1 in the general formula (1) represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or “* -Sp—P”.
- “*” represents that when n is an integer of 1 or more, it is bonded to A 4 , and when n is 0, it is bonded to A 3 .
- the Sp and polymerizable functional group P of “* -Sp-P” are the same as described above.
- they may be the same or different and are preferably the same.
- numerator they may be the same or different and it is preferable that they are the same.
- the alkyl group may be a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group, preferably a linear or branched alkyl group, and more preferably a linear alkyl group. preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is more preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 3 to 8, and further preferably 3 to 6.
- the alkyl group constituting the alkoxy group can be exemplified by the same group as the alkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group constituting the alkoxy group is preferably 1-8, more preferably 1-6, and still more preferably 1-3.
- the terminal group R 1 is “* -Sp— P ”is preferred.
- two Sp present in the molecule may be the same or different, and preferably the same, and two P present in the molecule may be the same or different. Often the same.
- -NH- or -S- is preferable, and -S- is more preferable.
- T 2 represents “ ⁇ CR 2 —” or “ ⁇ N—”
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Represents an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group or a hydroxyl group.
- T 2 is preferably ⁇ CH—, ⁇ C (—CH 3 ) —, ⁇ C (—OCH 3 ) — or ⁇ N—, and more preferably ⁇ N—.
- R 2 is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group
- examples of the alkyl group and the alkyl group constituting the alkoxy group of R 2 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, sec- Examples thereof include a butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2, and still more preferably 1.
- R 2 is a halogen atom, it is preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- T 1 and T 2 are represented by the following general formulas (2-1) to (2-5).
- T 1 and T 2 exemplified here can be arbitrarily combined with the preferable combination of X 2 and X 3 described above.
- R 3 represents an alkyl group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Among these, from the viewpoint of improving liquid crystallinity and optical properties, R 3 is preferably an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and more preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- the hydrogen atom contained in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and aromatic hydrocarbon group is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group,- It may be substituted with a C ⁇ C—CH 3 group or a hydroxyl group.
- a nitro group, a cyano group, and a —C ⁇ C—CH 3 group are preferable from the viewpoint of improving liquid crystallinity and orientation of the polymerizable compound.
- alkyl group and the alkyl group constituting the alkoxy group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group.
- Etc. The alkyl group preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2, and still more preferably 1.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon group preferably has 4 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 5 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include groups represented by the following formulas (3-1) to (3-4).
- a part of carbon atoms constituting these alicyclic hydrocarbon groups may be substituted with a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom.
- Examples of such alicyclic groups include groups represented by the following formulas (3-5) to (3-10).
- “*” represents bonding to the carbon atom to which R 3 of the general formula (1) is bonded.
- the group (3-1) or (3-2) is preferable.
- the groups (3-1) and (3-2) may have the above-described substituent, and as the substituent, a nitro group, a cyano group, and a —C ⁇ C—CH 3 group are preferable.
- the substituent is preferably bonded to the 4-position of the group (3-1) or the 3-position of the group (3-2).
- the carbon atom bonded to the “*” is the 1-position.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6-20, and more preferably 6-14.
- Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include groups represented by the following formulas (4-1) to (4-4). In the formula, “*” represents bonding to the carbon atom to which R 3 of the general formula (1) is bonded.
- the group (4-1) or (4-2) that is, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group is preferable, and a phenyl group is more preferable.
- the phenyl group preferably has the above-described substituent, and the substituent is preferably a nitro group, a cyano group, or a —C ⁇ C—CH 3 group.
- the substituent is preferably bonded to the 4-position of the phenyl group.
- the carbon atom bonded to the “*” is the 1st position.
- R 3 exemplified above can be arbitrarily combined with the preferable combination of T 1 and T 2 and the preferable combination of X 2 and X 3 described above.
- composition The composition of the second embodiment of the present invention is a composition containing the polymerizable compound of the first embodiment.
- 1 type of polymeric compounds represented by General formula (1) may be contained, and 2 or more types may be contained.
- 1 to 4 types are preferably contained, more preferably 1 to 3 types are contained, still more preferably 1 or 2 types are contained.
- composition of the present embodiment may contain a known polymerizable compound in addition to the polymerizable compound of the first embodiment.
- known polymerizable compounds include polymerizable compounds represented by the following general formulas (A1) to (A24).
- P 0 is a polymerizable group having one of the meanings given above for P, independently of each other when multiple occurrences, preferably acrylic, methacrylic, oxetane, 3-ethyloxetane, epoxy, vinyloxy or styrene Group
- Sp 0 is a spacer group or single bond having one of the meanings given to Sp above
- X 0 represents —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —O—COO—, —CO—NR 0 —, —NR 0 —CO—, —NR 0 —CO—.
- R 0 is an alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15 C atoms (even if the group is fluorinated).
- Y 0 is F, Cl, CN, NO 2 , OCH 3 , OCN, SCN, SF 5 , 1 to 4 C atoms, and optionally fluorinated alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy Or alkoxycarbonyloxy, or monofluorinated, oligofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 4 C atoms
- X 00 represents —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —O—COO—, —CO—NR 01 —, —NR 01 —CO—, —NR 01 —CO—.
- R 01 is H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms; L is the same or different when multiple occurrences, F, Cl, CN, SCN, SF 5 , or 1 to 12 C atoms, linear or branched, monofluorinated or polyvalent Optionally fluorinated alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl,
- —OOC— represents “—O—C ( ⁇ O) —” and is synonymous with “—OCO—”.
- the total content of the polymerizable compounds represented by the general formula (1) is preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, 30 to 100 parts by weight is more preferable, and 50 to 100 parts by weight is still more preferable.
- composition of the present embodiment preferably contains a bifunctional compound having two polymerizable functional groups in the molecule.
- a bifunctional compound By containing a bifunctional compound, excellent orientation, optical properties, and the like can be imparted when used for applications of a polymer substrate and a laminate thereof.
- optical anisotropic bodies such as a retardation film, a retardation patterning film, and a homogeneous alignment (horizontal alignment) liquid crystal film in the field of liquid crystal displays.
- the substrate on which the solution containing the composition of the present embodiment is applied is a substrate that is usually used for liquid crystal devices, displays, optical components and optical films, and is dried after application of the composition of the present embodiment. Or if it is the material which has heat resistance which can endure the heating at the time of liquid crystal device manufacture, there will be no restriction
- a substrate include organic materials such as a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a ceramic substrate, and a polymer substrate.
- the polymer base material is preferable because it can be produced by roll-to-roll and is easy to handle as compared with a glass substrate or the like.
- the base material (polymer base material) made of a polymer compound has excellent affinity with the polymerizable compound of the first embodiment, and after applying and drying a solution containing the polymerizable compound to the polymer base material.
- the polymerizable compound of the present embodiment is also suitable for applications that are laminated on a polymer substrate from the viewpoint that it is easy to impart excellent orientation.
- Examples of the polymer compound constituting such a preferable polymer substrate include cellulose derivatives, polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyacrylate-based, polyarylate, polyethersulfone, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyphenylene ether. , Nylon, or polystyrene. Particularly preferred are cycloolefin polymer, triacetyl cellulose, and polymethyl methacrylate resin.
- the substrate may be subjected to an alignment treatment so that the polymerizable compound is easily aligned when the composition of the present embodiment is applied and dried.
- the alignment treatment may be performed by applying an alignment film used in a general liquid crystal device.
- a particularly preferable method is a publicly known method using a photo-alignment film. When the photo-alignment film is used, a patterned retardation film can be produced.
- Organic solvent constituting the composition of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the polymerizable compound represented by the general formula (1) can be dissolved, but the composition is volatilized at a temperature of 100 ° C. or less.
- a solvent that can be dried is preferable, and it is preferable that the substrate to be used does not corrode.
- solvents examples include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, cumene, and mesitylene, ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, and butyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclohexane, and the like.
- Ketone solvents such as pentanone, ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and anisole, amide solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, Examples include diethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, chlorobenzene, and chloroform. These organic solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the solubility of the polymerizable compound represented by the general formula (1) is excellent, the orientation of the film obtained by polymerizing the composition is also excellent, and it is easy to dry at 100 ° C. or less. More preferred are chloroform, toluene, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- the content of the organic solvent relative to the total weight of the composition of the present embodiment may be adjusted to a content that makes it easy to apply the composition to a substrate.
- it is preferably 40 to 90% by weight, and preferably 50 to 80% by weight. Is more preferable.
- composition of the present embodiment preferably contains at least one polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization initiator is a useful compound for efficiently polymerizing the polymerizable compound of the first embodiment.
- a photopolymerization initiator is preferable, and specifically, the following compounds are preferable.
- polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and a sensitizer may be added.
- the content of the polymerization initiator with respect to the total weight of the solid content of the composition of the present embodiment is, for example, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 7.0% by weight, and 3.0 to 6%. Even more preferred is 0.0 wt%.
- composition of the present embodiment preferably contains a surfactant or a compound having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (VI) and having a weight average molecular weight of 100 or more.
- R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and one or more hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon group The atom may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- the surfactant and the compound represented by the general formula (VI) impart an effect of reducing the tilt angle of the liquid crystal compound at the air interface.
- the surfactant include alkyl carboxylates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl sulfonates, fluoroalkyl carboxylates, fluoroalkyl phosphates, fluoroalkyl sulfonates, polyoxyethylene derivatives, fluoroalkylethylene oxide derivatives, Examples include polyethylene glycol derivatives, alkyl ammonium salts, fluoroalkyl ammonium salts, silicone derivatives, and the like. Of these, fluorine-containing surfactants and silicone derivatives are particularly preferable.
- MEGAFAC F-110 “MEGAFACCF-113”, “MEGAFAC F-120”, “MEGAFAC F-812”, “MEGAFAC F-142D”, “MEGAFAC F-144D”, “MEGAFAC F-” 150 “,” MEGAFAC F-171 “,” MEGAFACF-173 “,” MEGAFAC F-177 “,” MEGAFAC F-183 “,” MEGAFAC F-195 “,” MEGAFAC F-824 “,” MEGAFAC F-833 “ , “MEGAFAC F-114”, “MEGAFAC F-410”, “MEGAFAC F-493”, “MEGAFAC F-494”, “MEGAFAC F-443”, “MEGAFAC F-444”, “MEGAFAC F-445”, “ME “GAFAC F-446”, “MEGAFAC F-470”, “MEGAFAC F-471”, “MEGAFAC F-474”, “MEGAFAC F-475”, “MEGAFAC F-477”, “MEGAFAC F-110
- the weight average molecular weight of the compound represented by the general formula (VI) is preferably 200 to 100,000, more preferably 300 to 10,000, and further preferably 500 to 5,000.
- the surfactant and the compound represented by the general formula (VI) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, the surfactant and the compound represented by the general formula (VI) may be used in combination.
- the total content of the surfactant and the compound represented by the general formula (VI) with respect to the total weight of the solid content of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition of the present embodiment is preferably 0.01 to 1% by weight, More preferably, it is 0.04 to 0.4% by weight.
- a chain transfer agent is preferably added to the composition of the present embodiment as another component in order to further improve the adhesion to the substrate.
- the chain transfer agent is preferably a thiol compound, more preferably a monothiol, dithiol, trithiol, or tetrathiol compound, and even more preferably a trithiol compound.
- compounds represented by the following general formulas (5-1) to (5-12) are preferable.
- the content of these thiol compounds is preferably 0.5 to 7.0% by weight, and 1.0 to 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the solid content of the composition. Is more preferable.
- R 66 is a carbon Represents an alkylene group having 2 to 18 atoms, and one or more methylene groups in the alkylene group are oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, —CO—, —OCO on the assumption that an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom are not directly bonded to each other. It may be substituted with —, —COO—, or —CH ⁇ CH—.
- a polymerization inhibitor an antioxidant or the like in order to enhance storage stability.
- examples of such compounds include hydroquinone derivatives and hindered phenol antioxidants. More specifically, p-methoxyphenol, IRGANOX1010, IRGANOX1035, IRGANOX1076, IRGANOX1098, IRGANOX1135, IRGANOX1325, IRGANOX1520, IRGANOX2457, IRGANOX3957, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX3590, IRGANOX
- the content of the polymerization inhibitor and the antioxidant is preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass, more preferably 0.02 to 0.2% by mass, based on the total weight of the solid content of the composition. preferable.
- a non-polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a non-liquid crystalline polymerizable compound, or the like may be added as necessary.
- the content of these compounds is preferably 20% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less, and still more preferably 5% by weight or less based on the total weight of the solid content of the composition.
- the polymer of the third embodiment can be obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable compound of the first embodiment contained in the composition of the second embodiment by a known method.
- This polymer is suitable for the production of optical anisotropic bodies such as retardation films, retardation patterning films, homogeneous alignment liquid crystal films and the like in the field of liquid crystal displays, and is also suitable as an antireflection film for organic EL displays.
- the polymerizable compound of the first embodiment is used in a solution state dissolved in a solvent. After applying this solution to the above-mentioned substrate (base material) or the like, it is dried and polymerized by ultraviolet irradiation or heat treatment to obtain a retardation film. Further, in order to facilitate the orientation of the polymerizable compound, the substrate may be subjected to an orientation treatment in advance. In particular, when a photo-alignment film is used as the alignment treatment material, a retardation film can be easily produced. It is also possible to change the phase difference pattern by changing the temperature at which the solution applied to the substrate is heated.
- the liquid crystal display element of the fifth embodiment including the optical anisotropic body of the fourth embodiment can be manufactured by incorporating the optical anisotropic body of the fourth embodiment into the liquid crystal display element by a known method.
- Example 1 A polymerizable compound represented by the following formula (1-s-1) was synthesized by the method shown below.
- the upper limit temperature of the above-described polymerizable compound (1-s-1) phase sequence was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and observation of the liquid crystal phase with a polarizing microscope equipped with a temperature variable device. 110 N 179 Iso ”.
- the said coating liquid was apply
- the upper limit temperature of the above-mentioned polymerizable compound (1-s-2) phase sequence was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and observation of the liquid crystal phase with a polarizing microscope equipped with a temperature variable device. 102 N 165 Iso ”.
- a coating solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymerizable compound (1-s-2) was used in the same amount instead of the polymerizable compound (1-s-1) used in Example 1.
- the said coating liquid was apply
- the upper limit temperature of the phase sequence of the polymerizable compound (1-t-1) was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and observation of the liquid crystal phase with a polarizing microscope equipped with a temperature variable device. 99 N 135 Iso ”.
- a coating solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymerizable compound (1-t-1) was used in the same amount instead of the polymerizable compound (1-s-1) used in Example 1.
- the said coating liquid was apply
- the upper limit temperature of the above-described polymerizable compound (Ref1) phase sequence was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and observation of the liquid crystal phase with a polarizing microscope equipped with a temperature variable device. As a result, “C 160 S 169 N 224 Iso "Met.
- a coating solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymerizable compound (Ref1) was used in the same amount instead of the polymerizable compound (1-s-1) used in Example 1.
- the said coating liquid was apply
- the polymerizable compounds of Examples 1 to 3 have improved reverse wavelength dispersion as compared with the polymerizable compounds of Comparative Examples. Therefore, it is clear that optical anisotropic bodies having excellent optical properties can be produced by using the polymerizable compounds of Examples 1 to 3.
- an optical film can be produced at a lower temperature than Comparative Example 1. Since the deterioration due to high temperature does not occur, the optical films of Examples 1 to 3 have improved alignment uniformity and ⁇ n (refractive index anisotropy).
- the divalent linking group represented by X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 in the general formula (1) is used.
- -CH 2 CH 2 COO having an ethylene group -, - CH 2 CH 2 OOC -, - COOCH 2 CH 2 - and -OOCCH 2 CH 2 - has at least one connecting group selected from the group consisting of It is possible. It is presumed that these linking groups contribute to the improvement of the optical properties as described above by imparting structural flexibility without impairing the orientation of the polymerizable compound.
- the divalent linking group has a chemical structure that is asymmetrical between X 2 (left) and X 3 (right). It is estimated that it contributes to improvement.
- the polymerizable compound according to the present invention is widely applicable in the field of liquid crystal displays.
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Abstract
Description
一般式(1)
A1、A2、A3、A4はそれぞれ独立に二価の脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基を表し、
X1、X2、X3、X4はそれぞれ独立に二価の連結基又は単結合を表し
(ただし、X1、X2、X3、X4のうち、少なくとも一つは-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-N=N-、-C=N-、-N=C-及び-C=N-N=C-から選ばれる何れか一つの連結基を表す。)、
R1は炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、アルコキシ基又は「*-Sp-P」を表し(*はA4又はA3に結合することを表す。)、
R3は炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基を表し、該脂環式炭化水素基及び芳香族炭化水素基に含まれる水素原子は、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、-C≡C-CH3基又は水酸基で置換されていてもよく、
m、nはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数を表し(ただし、m+nは2以上の整数である。)、
T1は-S-、-O-、-CH2-、-NH-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)-又は-C(=S)-を表し、
T2は=CR2-、又は=N-を表し、
R2は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又は水酸基を表す。]で表される、重合性化合物。
本発明の第一実施形態の重合性化合物は、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物である。
A1、A2、A3、A4はそれぞれ独立に二価の脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基を表し、
X1、X2、X3、X4はそれぞれ独立に二価の連結基又は単結合を表し
(ただし、X1、X2、X3、X4のうち、少なくとも一つは-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-N=N-、-C=N-、-N=C-及び-C=N-N=C-から選ばれる何れか一つの連結基を表す。)、
R1は炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、アルコキシ基又は「*-Sp-P」を表し(*はA4又はA3に結合することを表す。)、
R3は炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基を表し、該脂環式炭化水素基及び芳香族炭化水素基に含まれる水素原子は、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、-C≡C-CH3基、又は水酸基で置換されていてもよく、
m、nはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数を表し(ただし、m+nは2以上の整数である。)、
T1は-S-、-O-、-CH2-、-NH-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)-又は-C(=S)-を表し、
T2は=CR2-、又は=N-を表し、
R2は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又は水酸基を表す。
一般式(1)中のPで表される重合性官能基は、従来の重合性液晶化合物に使用される基が制限なく適用可能であり、例えば、ビニル基、p-スチルベン基、アクリル基(アクリロイル基)、メタクリル基(メタクロイル基)、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクロイルオキシ基、カルボキシル基、メチルカルボニル基、水酸基、アミド基、炭素数1~4のアルキルアミノ基、アミノ基、エポキシ基、オキセタニル基、アルデヒド基、イソシアネート基又はチオイソシアネート基などが挙げられる。
一般式(1)中のSpはスペーサー基又は単結合である。該スペーサー基は、重合性官能基PとA1又はA2とを連結可能な2価の連結基であり、一般式(1)で表される化合物(本明細書において化合物(1)と呼ぶことがある。)の液晶性を損なわない連結基が好ましい。
一般式(1)中の環式基A1、A2、A3、A4は、それぞれ独立に二価の脂環式炭化水素基、又は芳香族炭化水素基を表す。また、上記環式基は芳香族複素環式基であっても構わない。
一般式(1)中のX1、X2、X3、X4は、それぞれ独立に二価の連結基又は単結合を表す。
X1、X2、X3及びX4の好ましい例としては、それぞれ独立に、-(CH2)u-O-COO-、-(CH2) u -OCO-、-(CH2)u -COO-、-(CH2)u-O -、-O-COO-(CH2)u-、-OCO-(CH2)u-、-COO-(CH2)u-、-O-(CH2)u-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-N=N-、-C=N-、-N=C-及び-C=N-N=C-、-CH2CH2-、単結合が挙げられる。ここで、uは0~2の何れかの整数を表す。uが0である場合、-(CH2)u-O-COO-及び-O-COO-(CH2)u-は-O-COO-を表し、-(CH2)u-O -及び-O-(CH2)u-は-O-を表し、-(CH2)u -COO-及び-COO-(CH2)u-は-COO-を表し、-(CH2) u -OCO-及び-OCO-(CH2)u-は-OCO-を表す。
「-COO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-COO-(CH2)u-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-COO-(CH2)u-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-COO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、
(ここで、uは0~2の何れかの整数を表す。)
「単結合/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「単結合/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「単結合/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「単結合/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/単結合」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/単結合」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/単結合」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/単結合」
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、「-CH2CH2-COO-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-O-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-O-」、「-CH2CH2-O-/-O-CH2CH2-」、
「-COO-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-COO-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-COO-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-COO-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-OCO-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-OCO-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-OCO-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-COO-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-COO-」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/-COO-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-COO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-OCO-」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/-OCO-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-」、
「単結合/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「単結合/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「単結合/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「単結合/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/単結合」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/単結合」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/単結合」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/単結合」、
「-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-CH2CH2-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-CH2CH2-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-O-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-O-」、「-CH2CH2-O-/-O-CH2CH2-」、
「-COO-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-COO-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-OCO-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-OCO-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-COO-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-COO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-OCO-」、
「単結合/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「単結合/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/単結合」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/単結合」、
「-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-CH2CH2-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-COO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」
一般式(1)中のm、nは、それぞれ独立に0~4の整数を表し、且つ、m+nは2以上の整数である。
一般式(1)中の末端基R1は、炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~12アルコキシ基又は「*-Sp-P」を表す。ここで、「*」は、nが1以上の整数の場合はA4に結合することを表し、nが0の場合はA3に結合することを表す。
一般式(1)中、T1は-S-、-O-、-CH2-、-NH-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)-又は-C(=S)-を表し、-NH-又は-S-であることが好ましく、-S-であることがより好ましい。
一般式(1)中、R3は炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基を表す。これらのうち、液晶性及び光学特性を向上させる観点から、R3は脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基であることが好ましく、芳香族炭化水素基であることがより好ましい。
本発明の第二実施形態の組成物は、第一実施形態の重合性化合物を含有する組成物である。本実施形態の組成物においては、一般式(1)で表される重合性化合物を1種のみ含有してもよいし、2種以上含有してもよい。通常、1~4種含有することが好ましく、1~3種含有することがより好ましく、1又は2種含有することが更に好ましい。
P0は、複数出現する場合は互いに独立に、上でPに与えられる意味の1つを有する重合性基であり、好ましくは、アクリル、メタクリル、オキセタン、3-エチルオキセタン、エポキシ、ビニルオキシまたはスチレン基であり、
Sp0は、上でSpに与えられる意味の1つを有するスペーサー基又は単結合であり、
X0は、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-O-COO-、-CO-NR0-、-NR0-CO-、-NR0-CO-NR0-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2-、-CF2CF2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=CR0-、-CY1=CY2-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-COO-、-OCO-CH=CH-または単結合であり、
Sp0-X0は、好ましくは、-(CH2)p1-、-(CH2)p1-O-、-(CH2)p1-CO-O-および-(CH2)p1-O-CO-O-より選択され、ただし、p1は1~12の整数であり、ただし、これらの基は、存在しているのであれば、O原子を介して隣接する環に連結されており、
A0およびB0は、複数出現する場合は互いに独立に、1,4-フェニレン(該基は、1個、2個、3個または4個の基Lで置換されていてもよい。)またはトランス-1,4-シクロヘキシレンであり、
Hは、トランス-1,4-シクロヘキシレンであり、
Z0は、複数出現する場合は互いに独立に、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2CH2-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-COO-、-OCO-CH=CH-または単結合であり、
R0は、1~20個、好ましくは、1~15個のC原子を有するアルキル、アルコキシ、チオアルキル、アルキルカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニル、アルキルカルボニルオキシまたはアルコキシカルボニルオキシ(該基はフッ素化されていてもよい。)であるか、または、Y0またはP-Sp0-X0-を表し、
Y0は、F、Cl、CN、NO2、OCH3、OCN、SCN、SF5、1~4個のC原子を有し、フッ素化されていてもよいアルキルカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニル、アルキルカルボニルオキシまたはアルコキシカルボニルオキシ、または、1~4個のC原子を有し、一フッ素化、オリゴフッ素化またはポリフッ素化されたアルキルまたはアルコキシであり、
X00は、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-O-COO-、-CO-NR01-、-NR01-CO-、-NR01-CO-NR01-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2-、-CF2CF2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=CR01-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-COO-、-OCO-CH=CH-または単結合であり、
R01は、Hまたは1~12個のC原子を有するアルキルであり、
Lは、複数出現する場合は同一または異なって、F、Cl、CN、SCN、SF5、または、1~12個のC原子を有し、直鎖状または分岐状で、一フッ素化または多フッ素化されていてもよいアルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルキルカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニル、または、アルキルカルボニルオキシまたはアルコキシカルボニルオキシ(ただし、アルキルおよびアルコキシと異なる基は少なくとも2個のC原子を含有し、分岐状の基は少なくとも3個のC原子を含有する。)、または、1~5個のC原子を有し、ハロゲン化されていてもよいアルキル、アルコキシ、アルキルカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニル、アルキルカルボニルオキシまたはアルコキシカルボニルオキシであり、
rは、0、1、2、3または4であり、
gは、0または1であり、
vおよびwは、それぞれ互いに独立に、0、1または2であり、
ただし、ベンゼンおよびナフタレン環は、1個以上の同一または異なる基Lで追加的に置換されていてもよい。
本実施形態の組成物を構成する有機溶媒は、一般式(1)で表される重合性化合物を溶解可能であれば特に制限されないが、100℃以下の温度で揮発させて、当該組成物を乾燥できる溶媒であることが好ましく、用いる基材を侵食しないことが好ましい。そのような溶剤としては、例えば、トルエン、キシレン、クメン、メシチレン等の芳香族系炭化水素、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル系溶剤、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、シクロペンタノン等のケトン系溶剤、テトラヒドロフラン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、アニソール等のエーテル系溶剤、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン等のアミド系溶剤、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、γ-ブチロラクトン、クロロベンゼン、クロロホルム等が挙げられる。これらの有機溶媒は、1種を単独で使用することもできるし、2種類以上を混合して使用することもできる。
本実施形態の組成物は、重合開始剤を少なくとも1種類以上含有することが好ましい。
本実施形態の組成物は、界面活性剤、又は下記一般式(VI)で表される繰り返し単位を有する重量平均分子量が100以上である化合物を含有することが好ましい。
「フタージェント100」、「フタージェント100C」、「フタージェント110」、「フタージェント150」、「フタージェント150CH」、「フタージェントA」、「フタージェント100A-K」、「フタージェント501」、「フタージェント300」、「フタージェント310」、「フタージェント320」、「フタージェント400SW」、「FTX-400P」、「フタージェント251」、「フタージェント215M」、「フタージェント212MH」、「フタージェント250」、「フタージェント222F」、「フタージェント212D」、「FTX-218」、「FTX-209F」、「FTX-213F」、「FTX-233F」、「フタージェント245F」、「FTX-208G」、「FTX-240G」、「FTX-206D」、「FTX-220D」、「FTX-230D」、「FTX-240D」、「FTX-207S」、「FTX-211S」、「FTX-220S」、「FTX-230S」、「FTX-750FM」、「FTX-730FM」、「FTX-730FL」、「FTX-710FS」、「FTX-710FM」、「FTX-710FL」、「FTX-750LL」、「FTX-730LS」、「FTX-730LM」、「FTX-730LL」、「FTX-710LL」(以上、ネオス社製)、
「BYK-300」、「BYK-302」、「BYK-306」、「BYK-307」、「BYK-310」、「BYK-315」、「BYK-320」、「BYK-322」、「BYK-323」、「BYK-325」、「BYK-330」、「BYK-331」、「BYK-333」、「BYK-337」、「BYK-340」、「BYK-344」、「BYK-370」、「BYK-375」、「BYK-377」、「BYK-350」、「BYK-352」、「BYK-354」、「BYK-355」、「BYK-356」、「BYK-358N」、「BYK-361N」、「BYK-357」、「BYK-390」、「BYK-392」、「BYK-UV3500」、「BYK-UV3510」、「BYK-UV3570」、「BYK-Silclean3700」(以上、ビックケミー・ジャパン社製)、
「TEGO Rad2100」、「TEGO Rad2200N」、「TEGO Rad2250」、「TEGO Rad2300」、「TEGO Rad2500」、「TEGO Rad2600」、「TEGO Rad2700」(以上、テゴ社製)等の例を挙げることができる。
本実施形態の組成物には、その他の成分として、基材との密着性をより向上させるため、連鎖移動剤を添加することが好ましい。連鎖移動剤としては、チオール化合物が好ましく、モノチオール、ジチオール、トリチオール、テトラチオール化合物がより好ましく、トリチオール化合物が更により好ましい。具体的には下記一般式(5-1)~(5-12)で表される化合物が好ましい。
第二実施形態の組成物に含まれる第一実施形態の重合性化合物を公知の手法により重合させることによって第三実施形態の重合体を得ることができる。この重合体は、液晶ディスプレイの分野における位相差膜、位相差パターニング膜、ホモジニアス配向液晶フィルム等の光学異方体の製造に好適であり、有機ELディスプレイの反射防止膜としても好適である。
以下に示す方法により、下記式(1-s-1)で表される重合性化合物を合成した。
以下に示す方法により、下記式(1-s-1)で表される重合性化合物を合成した。
300mlの4ツ口フラスコに4-メトキシフェニル酢酸エチル(1)19.4g(100mmol)及び濃硫酸100gを加え、撹拌溶解した。撹拌下、発煙硝酸(比重1.5)6.7g(110mmol)を-5~0℃にて1時間かけて滴下し、同温度で30分間撹拌した。その後、氷水300g中に投入し、析出した結晶を濾別した。結晶を水100gで洗浄後、さらに水100gに投入して分散洗浄した。この結晶を濾過、水洗、乾燥することで、化合物(2)が22.2g得られた(収率93.0%)。
窒素雰囲気下、500mlの四つ口フラスコに乾燥したテトラヒドロフラン(THF)200mlと水素化リチウムアルミニウムハイドライド12.1g(320mmol)を加え、室温で撹拌した。化合物(2)19.1g(80mmol)を100mlのTHFに溶解し、40℃以下を保ちながら滴下した。滴下後、THF還流下3時間反応させた。反応液を氷冷し、10%含水THF100mlを滴下した。室温で2時間撹拌し、生成した不溶物をセライトろ過で除去した。ろ液を減圧濃縮し、化合物(3)が11.6g得られた(収率87.0%)。
窒素雰囲気下、500mlの四つ口フラスコに化合物(3)11.0g(65.8mmol)とジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)200 mLを加え撹拌した。内温0℃でイミダゾール(Im)9.0g(131.6 mmol) とクロロt-ブチルジメチルシラン(TBDMSCl)10.9g(72.4 mmol)を加えた。室温に昇温し、16時間撹拌した。水を200ml加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機相を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。硫酸ナトリウムを濾過後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=3/1)で精製し、化合物(4)が18.1g得られた(収率98.0%)。
窒素雰囲気下、500mlの四つ口フラスコに化合物(4)17.5g(62.2mmol)、トリエチルアミン(TEA)6.9g(68.4mmol)とジクロロメタン300mlを加え撹拌した。氷冷下、10℃以下で、4-ニトロベンゾイルクロリド12.1g(65.3mmol)をジクロロメタン50mlに溶解した溶液を加えた。滴下後、室温に昇温し6時間反応した。反応液を、水、10%塩酸および飽和食塩水で順次洗浄した。減圧濃縮後、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=2/1)で精製し、化合物(5)が25.8g得られた(収率96.4%)。
窒素雰囲気下、500mlの四つ口にフラスコに化合物(5)24.0g(55.7mmol)、2,4-ビス(4-メトキシフェニル)-1,3-ジチアー2,4-ジホスフェタンー2,4-ジスルフィド(Lawesson‘s試薬)13.3g(32.8mmol)及びトルエン500mlを加えた。内温を90℃に昇温して5時間攪拌した。冷却後不溶物をろ過し、ろ液を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液と飽和食塩水で順次洗浄した。トルエンを減圧留去後、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=3/1)で精製し、化合物(6)が16.7g得られた(収率67.2%)。
四つ口フラスコ(2l)に化合物(6)16.0g(35.8mmol)、水酸化ナトリウム43.0g(1074mmol)、水700mlを加え攪拌した。氷冷下、得られた混合液にフェリシアン化カリウム23.6g(71.6mmol)を含む水溶液100mlを加えた。析出した固体を濾別し、冷水とヘキサンで洗浄した。得られた固体を減圧下乾燥した。化合物(7)が11.8g得られた(収率74.1%)。
窒素雰囲気下、300ml四つ口フラスコに、化合物(7)11.0g(24.7mmol)及びトルエン150mlを加え攪拌した。混合液を氷冷し、三臭化ホウ素(BBr3)37.5g(149mmol)を5℃以下で加えた。滴下後室温で3時間攪拌した。反応液を氷水500mlに投入した。生成した沈殿を濾過し、水及びトルエンで洗浄した。化合物(8)が6.1g得られた(収率78.1%)。
窒素雰囲気下、500ml四つ口フラスコに化合物(9-1)40.0g(200mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸ピリジニウム(PPTS)1.0g(4mmol)及びジクロロメタン200mlを加え攪拌した。氷冷下、3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピラン(DHP)25.2g(300mmol)を滴下した。室温で8時間反応後、反応液を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液と飽和食塩水で順次洗浄した。有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。硫酸ナトリウムをろ過し減圧下濃縮した。化合物(9-2)が56.3g(収率99.0%)得られた。
化合物(9-2)56.3g(198mmol)、触媒(5%Pd/C)2.8g及びエタノール250mlを1lオートクレーブに加えた。水素圧0.4MPaを維持しながら室温で3時間反応させた。触媒をろ過し減圧下濃縮した。化合物(9-3)が38.5g得られた(定量的)。
窒素雰囲気下、500ml四つ口フラスコに化合物(9-3)38.5g、炭酸カリウム41.0g(297mmol)、6-クロロ-1ヘキサノ-ル27.0g(198mmol)及びジメチルホルムアミド300mlを加えた。混合液を100℃に昇温し、24時間反応させた。冷却後、酢酸エチル600mlと水600mlを加え分液した。有機層を水と飽和食塩水で順次洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。硫酸ナトリウムをろ過し、減圧下に濃縮した。氷冷下、濃縮残渣にヘキサンを加え結晶化させた。結晶をろ過後減圧乾燥した。化合物(9-4)が49.5g得られた(収率84.9%)。
乾燥空気雰囲気下、500ml四つ口フラスコに化合物(9-4)44.2g(150mmol)、トリエチルアミン(TEA)16.7g(165mmol)及びジクロロメタン300mlを加え攪拌した。アクリロイルクロリド14.3g(158mmol)を5℃以下で滴下し、室温で3時間反応した。反応液を水、希塩酸、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム及び飽和食塩水で順次洗浄した。有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。硫酸ナトリウムをろ過し、減圧下濃縮した。化合物(9-5)が52.3g得られた(定量的)。
500ml四つ口フラスコに化合物(9-5)52.3g(150mmol)、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)250mlお呼びメタノール50mlを加え攪拌した。混合液に濃硫酸1.0gを加え室温で3時間反応した。反応液を酢酸エチル500mlに投入し、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液と飽和食塩水で順次洗浄した。有機層を濃縮し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(ジクロロメタン)で精製した。化合物(9-6)が32.4g得られた(収率81.7%)。
四つ口フラスコ(1l)に、トランス-1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸ジメチルエステル(9-7-1)100.0g(500mmol)とメタノール1000mlを加え攪拌した。水酸化カリウム16.8g(300mmol)を加えた後、還流下に6時間反応した。冷却後、反応液を濃縮し残渣に水500mlを加えた。希塩酸をpH2になるまで加え、析出した結晶をろ過した。結晶を水で洗浄後、減圧乾燥した。化合物(9-7-2)が54.0g(収率58.0%)得られた。
窒素雰囲気下、300ml四つ口フラスコに化合物(9-7-2)49.5g(266mmol)、N,N-ジメチル-4-アミノピリジン(DMAP)3.3g(26.7mmol)、tert-ブチルアルコール150mlおよびテトラヒドロフラン150mlを加え均一に撹拌した。氷冷下、N,N‘-ジイソプロピルカルボジイミド(DIC)50.4g(399mmol)を滴下した。室温で6時間反応した。水15mlを加えさらに1時間撹拌した。不溶物をろ過後、減圧下で反応液を濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(ジクロロメタン)で精製した。化合物(9-7-3)が51.9g得られた(収率80.6%)。
四つ口フラスコ(300ml)に化合物(9-7-3)48.0g(198mmol)、メタノール150mlおよびテトラヒドロフラン150mlを加え撹拌した。氷冷下、水酸化ナトリウム24.0g(600mmol)を加え、5℃以下で3時間撹拌した。水1000mlに投入し、ジクロロメタンで洗浄した。水層に希塩酸をpH2になるまで加えた。析出した結晶をろ過し、水で洗浄後減圧乾燥した。化合物(9-7)が41.4g得られた(収率91.6%)。
乾燥空気雰囲気下、500ml四つ口フラスコに化合物(9-6)29.0g(128mmol)、化合物(9-7)34.4g(130mmol)、N,N-ジメチル-4-アミノピリジン(DMAP)0.6g(15mmol)およびジクロロメタン300mlを加え撹拌した。氷冷下、N,N‘-ジイソプロピルカルボジイミド(DIC)19.3g(150mmol)を滴下した。室温で6時間反応した。水5mlを加えさらに1時間撹拌した。不溶物をろ過後、減圧下で反応液を濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(ジクロロメタン)で精製した。化合物(9-8)43.1gが得られた(収率71.1%)。
乾燥空気雰囲気下、2000ml四つ口フラスコに化合物(9-8)42.0g(88.5mmol)、ジクロロメタン700mlを加え撹拌した。氷冷下、トリフルオロ酢酸(TFA)100.8g(885mmol)を滴下し、室温で8時間反応した。ヘキサン1000mlを加え、減圧下でジクロロメタンを留去した。析出した結晶をろ過し、水とヘキサンで順次洗浄した。結晶を減圧下乾燥し、化合物(9)が36.2g得られた(収率97.8%)。
窒素雰囲気下、300ml四つ口フラスコに、化合物(8)2.6g(11mmol)、化合物(9)10.1g(24mmol)、N,N-ジメチル-4-アミノピリジン(DMAP)0.28g(2mmol)及びジクロロメタン80mlを加え攪拌した。得られた混合液にジイソプロピルカルボジイミド(DIC)3.2g(25mmol)を溶解したジクロロメタン溶液20mlを5℃以下で滴下した。滴下後、室温で4時間反応させた。水を1ml添加しさらに1時間攪拌した。不溶物をろ過後、ろ液を水洗し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。硫酸ナトリウムをろ別後、減圧濃縮した。残渣にメタノール200mlを加えて氷冷下で沈殿させた。沈殿をろ過し、メタノールとn-ヘキサンで順次洗浄した。減圧下で乾燥して化合物(1-s-1)が9.4g得られた(収率77.3%)。
上記のように合成した重合性化合物(1-s-1)を19.32重量%、重合開始剤であるイルガキュア907(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ株式会社製)を0.60重量%、重合禁止剤であるp-メトキシフェノール(MEHQ)を0.04重量%、界面活性剤であるBYK-361N(ビックケミージャパン製)を0.04重量%、溶剤であるクロロホルムを80.00重量%の配合で含む塗布液を調製した。
450nmから700nmの波長範囲において、作製した光学フィルムの位相差値を、測定機(RET-100 大塚電子社製)を用いて測定し、装置付属プログラムで波長450nmの位相差値Re(450)、波長550nmの位相差値Re(550)、波長650nmの位相差値Re(650)を算出した。その結果を表1に示す。
以下に示す方法により、下記式(1-s-2)で表される重合性化合物を合成した。
合成例1と同様の手法で合成を行い、化合物(1-s-2)を得た。
実施例1で使用した重合性化合物(1-s-1)に代えて重合性化合物(1-s-2)を同量で使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に塗布液を作製した。
作製した光学フィルムについて、実施例1と同様に光学特性を測定した。その結果を表1に併記した。
以下に示す方法により、下記式(1-t-1)で表される重合性化合物を合成した。
合成例1と同様の手法で合成を行い、化合物(1-t-1)を得た。
実施例1で使用した重合性化合物(1-s-1)に代えて重合性化合物(1-t-1)を同量で使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に塗布液を作製した。
作製した光学フィルムについて、実施例1と同様に光学特性を測定した。その結果を表1に併記した。
以下に示す方法により、下記式(Ref1)で表される重合性化合物を合成した。
特開2010-31223号公報に記載の方法で化合物(Ref1)を得た。
実施例1で使用した重合性化合物(1-s-1)に代えて重合性化合物(Ref1)を同量で使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に塗布液を作製した。
作製した光学フィルムについて、実施例1と同様に光学特性を測定した。その結果を表1に併記した。
Claims (9)
- 一般式(1)
[式中、Pは重合性官能基を表し、Spはスペーサー基又は単結合を表し、
A1、A2、A3、A4はそれぞれ独立に二価の脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基を表し、
X1、X2、X3、X4はそれぞれ独立に二価の連結基又は単結合を表し
(ただし、X1、X2、X3、X4のうち、少なくとも一つは-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-N=N-、-C=N-、-N=C-及び-C=N-N=C-から選ばれる何れか一つの連結基を表す。)、
R1は炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、アルコキシ基又は「*-Sp-P」を表し(*はA4又はA3に結合することを表す。)、
R3は炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、脂環式炭化水素基又は芳香族炭化水素基を表し、該脂環式炭化水素基及び芳香族炭化水素基に含まれる水素原子は、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、-C≡C-CH3基又は水酸基で置換されていてもよく、
m、nはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数を表し(ただし、m+nは2以上の整数である。)、
T1は-S-、-O-、-CH2-、-NH-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)-又は-C(=S)-を表し、
T2は=CR2-、又は=N-を表し、
R2は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又は水酸基を表す。]
で表される、重合性化合物。 - 一般式(1)におけるX2及びX3の組み合わせ(以下、「X2/X3」と表記する。)が、
「-COO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-COO-(CH2)u-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-COO-(CH2)u-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-COO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「-OCO-(CH2)u-/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-COO-(CH2)u-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、「-COO-CH2CH2-/-OCO-(CH2)u-」、
(ここで、uは0~2の何れかの整数を表す。)
「単結合/-CH2CH2-COO-」、「単結合/-COO-CH2CH2-」、
「単結合/-OCO-CH2CH2-」、「単結合/-CH2CH2-OCO-」、
「-OCO-CH2CH2-/単結合」、「-CH2CH2-OCO-/単結合」、
「-CH2CH2-COO-/単結合」、又は「-COO-CH2CH2-/単結合」
である請求項1に記載の重合性化合物。 - 一般式(1)におけるR3が、フェニル基又はシクロヘキシレン基であり、
前記フェニル基及びシクロヘキシレン基に結合する水素原子が、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~6のアルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、-C≡C-CH3基、又は水酸基で置換されていてもよい請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の重合性化合物。 - 請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の重合性化合物を含有する組成物。
- 請求項5に記載の組成物を重合することにより得られる重合体。
- 請求項6記載の重合体を用いた光学異方体。
- 請求項7記載の光学異方体を用いた液晶表示素子。
- 請求項7記載の光学異方体を用いた有機EL素子。
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| JP2015520751A JP5867655B2 (ja) | 2013-11-29 | 2014-11-27 | 重合性化合物、組成物、重合体、光学異方体、液晶表示素子及び有機el素子 |
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| WO2021060428A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-01 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 重合性液晶組成物、化合物、光学異方性膜、光学フィルム、偏光板および画像表示装置 |
| JP7340617B2 (ja) | 2019-09-27 | 2023-09-07 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 重合性液晶組成物、化合物、光学異方性膜、光学フィルム、偏光板および画像表示装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9809668B2 (en) | 2017-11-07 |
| KR101863645B1 (ko) | 2018-06-04 |
| KR20160048840A (ko) | 2016-05-04 |
| JPWO2015080219A1 (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
| JP5867655B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 |
| CN105705530B (zh) | 2018-06-22 |
| US20170002123A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
| CN105705530A (zh) | 2016-06-22 |
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