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WO2015077817A1 - Procédé de traitement de matériau extrait de mine avec un rayonnement électromagnétique - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de matériau extrait de mine avec un rayonnement électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015077817A1
WO2015077817A1 PCT/AU2014/001044 AU2014001044W WO2015077817A1 WO 2015077817 A1 WO2015077817 A1 WO 2015077817A1 AU 2014001044 W AU2014001044 W AU 2014001044W WO 2015077817 A1 WO2015077817 A1 WO 2015077817A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
blend
coarser
mined material
distribution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2014/001044
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Samuel Kingman
Christopher Dodds
Aled Jones
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technological Resources Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Technological Resources Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2013904643A external-priority patent/AU2013904643A0/en
Application filed by Technological Resources Pty Ltd filed Critical Technological Resources Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2015077817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015077817A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/126—Microwaves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/08—Apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
    • B01J2219/0879—Solid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for treatment of mined material with electromagnetic radiation, and relates particularly, although not exclusively, to a method for treatment of mined materials with microwave radiation.
  • the term “mined” material is understood herein to include metalliferous material and non-metalliferous material.
  • the term “mined” material is also understood herein to include (a) run-of-mine material and (b) run-of-mine material that has been subjected to at least primary crushing or similar diameter reduction after the material has been mined and prior to being sorted. Further, the term “mined” material includes mined material that is in stockpiles. Background of the Invention
  • the fragments may include gangue and valuable material (such as copper or iron containing minerals) and the exposure of the fragments to high intensity electric fields related to the high power microwave radiation causes preferential heating and resultant thermal expansion of some of the components of the fragments, which results in formation of micro- cracks and macro-cracks.
  • Such cracks reduce energy
  • the electrical discharge can lead to high temperature plasmas that can also damage equipment. Further, the electrical discharge can result in a significant reduction in power available for treatment of the mined material as the discharge can be a highly efficient microwave heater.
  • finer particles at least partially occupy otherwise void spaces between the coarser particles when the formed blend is directed through the conduit.
  • the step of directing the formed blend through the conduit may comprise directing a packed bed of the formed blend through the conduit, whereby the packed bed of the formed blend has a bulk density that is greater than a bulk density that a packed bed of only the coarser particles would have.
  • the step of forming the blend of the distribution of particles may be performed such that a bulk density of the formed blend is greater than 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or even 95% of a solid density of the coarser particles .
  • the step of forming the blend of the distribution of particles may comprise the steps of:
  • the step of forming the blend of the distribution of particles may also comprise the steps of:
  • the particles of the mined material may be sorted, for example using a screening system, so as to remove particles below a predefined size or within a predefined range of sizes.
  • the step of reducing the size of at least some particles of the mined material may comprise selecting a particular type of particle size reducing apparatus, such as a crusher, so as to obtain the size distribution of the particles .
  • the step of exposing the coarser and finer particles of the blend to the electromagnetic radiation may be
  • structural alterations is understood herein to mean any type of structural alterations, such as formation of micro-cracks, macro-cracks and/or fragmentation.
  • the step of exposing the coarser and finer particles of the blend to the electromagnetic radiation may be conducted such that an energy absorbed by at least some of the coarser particles is sufficient to heat at least a portion of these coarser particles without causing structural alterations.
  • the method may further comprise the subsequent step of sorting the particles based on a temperature of the particles.
  • particles may comprise providing coarser particles having a first P80 (80% passing) diameter or diameter range and the step of providing the distribution of finer particles may comprise providing finer particles having a second P80 diameter that is smaller than that of the coarser
  • the blend may comprise at least a bi-modal distribution of diameters of the coarser and finer particles.
  • the P80 diameter of the finer particles may be selected such that a percentage of volume of the packed bed within the treatment region of the conduit that is not occupied with particles is less than 70%, 60%, 50% 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, or even less than 5%.
  • Embodiments of the present invention have significant advantages. It is often impractical or uneconomical to reduce the diameter of the particles of the mined material below a minimum diameter. By blending the coarser
  • the finer particles may also be particles of the mined material. Alternatively, the finer particles may be of any other suitable material type.
  • the finer particles may have a P80 diameter that is less than 20, 15, 10, 5, 2 or 1mm.
  • the coarser particles may have any suitable diameter and in one example have a P80 diameter or diameter range that is at least 10, 15, 20 30 50mm, 75 or even 100mm larger than that of the finer particles.
  • the finer particles comprise a single type of material.
  • the finer particles may comprise a blend of different types of material.
  • the method may also comprise providing third particles that have a P80 diameter that is smaller than that of the coarser particles and different to that of the finer particles.
  • the method may comprise forming a blend of the coarser, finer and third particles.
  • the electromagnetic radiation typically is microwave radiation.
  • the microwave radiation may have any suitable microwave frequency, such as a frequency in the range of 300 MHz - 300 GHz, 500 MHz - 30 GHz or 600 MHz - 3 GHz, for example 2450 MHz or 915 MHz.
  • the electromagnetic radiation may be radio frequency
  • the radio frequency radiation may have any suitable radio frequency, such as a frequency in the range of 1MHz - 10GHz.
  • the method may be conducted such that a power-density in the heated phase of an electromagnetic radiation absorbing phase of at least some of the coarser particles of the mined material is of the order of 1 x 10 7 W/m 3 to 1 x 10 13 W/m 3 , such as at least 1 x 10 9 W/cm 3 , 1 x 10 10 W/cm 3 , typically at least 1 x 10 11 W/cm 3 .
  • the method may comprise feeding the blend of the coarser and finer particles into a conduit and passing the blend through the treatment region by virtue of gravity.
  • the method may be conducted such that a throughput of the mined material is at least 50, 100, 250, 500,1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 or 5000 tonnes per hour.
  • the method may also comprise subsequent processing of the treated fragments, such as by milling and leaching.
  • an apparatus for treatment of mined material comprising:
  • a blending portion for forming a blend of a
  • the blending portion may be arranged so as to form the blend of the distribution of particles
  • a bulk density of the formed blend is greater than 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or even 95% of a solid density of the coarser particles.
  • the blending portion may be of any suitable type.
  • the blending portion may comprise a first chute portion for receiving the distribution of the coarser particles of the mined material and a second chute portion for receiving the distribution of the finer particles of the mined materials.
  • the blending portion may comprise a particle size reducing apparatus, such as a crusher, arranged to:
  • the blending portion may comprise a
  • particle size reducing apparatus such as a crusher, arranged to:
  • the blending portion may further comprise a sorting system, such as a screening system, arranged to remove particles below a predefined size or within a predefined size range after a size of at least some particles of the mined material has been reduced.
  • a sorting system such as a screening system, arranged to remove particles below a predefined size or within a predefined size range after a size of at least some particles of the mined material has been reduced.
  • the source typically is arranged to generate microwave radiation.
  • the microwave radiation may have any suitable microwave frequency.
  • the frequency may be in the range of 300 MHz - 300 GHz, 500 MHz - 30 GHz or 600 MHz - 3 GHz, for example 2450 MHz or 915 MHz.
  • radiation absorbing phase of at least some of the coarser particles may be of the order of 1 x 10 7 W/m 3 to lxlO 13 W/m 3 , such as at least 1 x 10 9 W/cm 3 , 1 x 10 10 W/cm 3 , typically at least 1 x 10 11 W/cm 3 .
  • the electromagnetic radiation may be radio frequency radiation.
  • the radio frequency radiation may have any suitable radio frequency, such as a frequency in the range of lMHz - 10GHz.
  • the apparatus may further comprise a separator arranged for separating the coarser particles from the finer particles after treatment of the blend using the
  • the apparatus may be arranged such that the mined material passes through the conduit and the treatment region by gravity .
  • the apparatus may be arranged for a throughput of at least 100, 250, 500 or 1000 tonnes per hour.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart illustrating method steps of a method of treating a mined material in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Figures 2 and 3 show photographic images of a packed bed of particles of the mined material within a conduit;
  • Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a calculated air void volume as a function of a packing density in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for treatment of mined material in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention;
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart illustrating method steps of a method of treating a mined material in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for treatment of mined material in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of treating fragments of mined materials with electromagnetic radiation, such as high intensity
  • the fragments of the mined material include gangue and valuable material and the exposure of the fragments to high power-density electric fields related to the high intensity microwave radiation causes preferential heating and resultant thermal expansion of some of the components of the fragments, which results in formation of micro-cracks and macro-cracks.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of treating fragments of mined materials with electromagnetic radiation to heat portions of fragments that include the valuable material and then sort the fragments based on a temperature difference between the heated fragments and remaining fragments.
  • the method 100 may be performed using an apparatus 400 that is illustrated in Figure 4 and will be described further below.
  • Steps 102 and 104 of the method 100 provides distributions of coarser and finer particles.
  • the coarser particles are of the mined material and comprise gangue and valuable material, i.e. an ore, such as a copper, nickel or iron containing ore or another suitable ore.
  • the finer particles have a P80 diameter that is smaller than that of the coarser particles.
  • the finer particles are also of the mined material.
  • the finer particles are not particles of the mined materials and may be of another suitable type of material. In this case the finer
  • the finer materials may be silica sand, granite or limestone.
  • the dielectric constant of the finer particles may range from 2 to 5 with the loss factor being in the range of 0.0001 to 0.1, such as significantly less than 0.1, 0.01 or 0.001
  • the coarser particles may have any suitable diameter, such as a P80 diameter in the range of 20 - 70mm. In one example the finer particles have a P80 diameter that is at least 10 to 40mm smaller than that of the coarser
  • Step 106 blends the distributions of the coarser and finer particles and the resulting blend has a bimodal
  • Step 108 directs a packed bed of the formed blend through a conduit and through a treatment region for exposing the particles to electromagnetic radiation.
  • the packed bed is moved through the treatment region by gravity.
  • the finer particles have a P80 diameter that is smaller than that of the coarser particles, the finer particles reduce a percentage of void spaces that would otherwise be present between the coarser particles.
  • the finer particles may be significantly smaller than coarser particles and may partially fill spaces between adjacent coarser
  • Figure 2a shows a photographic image of a packed bed of particles 302 that are directed through a conduit.
  • the particles 302 shown in Figure 2a have a diameter in a range of 2 to 6 mm.
  • the coarser particles may for example have a diameter in a range of 20 to 40 mm as shown in Figure 2b.
  • Figure 2b shows a photographic image of a packed bed of particles 304 that are directed through a conduit.
  • the void regions 303 between the particles 302 are larger than the void regions 305 between the smaller particles 302 shown in Figure 2 (a) .
  • Blending larger particles with smaller particles in accordance with embodiments of the present invention results in a reduction of an extension of the void regions and consequently in a reduction of the above-mentioned "arcing".
  • Figure 3 shows blends as formed by method step 106 of the above-described method 100.
  • the packed bed of the blend shown in Figure 3a consists of 25% coarser particles having a diameter in a range of 20 to 40 mm, 25% finer particles having a diameter in a range of 10 to 20mm, 25% third particles having a diameter in a range of 5 to 10mm and 25% fourth particles having a diameter in a range of 2 to 14mm.
  • the bulk density of the blend is 1.56 Mg/m 3 and the void regions occupy 41% of the total volume within the conduit.
  • the packed bed of the blend shown in Figure 3b consists of 25% (volume or mass percentage) coarser particles having a diameter in a range of 20 to 40 mm, 25% finer particles having a diameter in a range of 5 to 14 mm and 50% third particles having a diameter in a range of 2 to 5 mm.
  • the bulk density of the blend is 1.61 Mg/m 3 and the void regions occupy 39% of the total volume within the conduit.
  • Figure 3c shows an example in which the particles 302 shown in Figure 2b (the “coarser particles”) are blended with the particles 304 (the “finer particles”) shown in Figure 2a.
  • the blend has a bimodal
  • the bulk density of the blend is 1.7Mg/m 3 void regions occupy 38% of the total volume within the conduit.
  • Figure 4 shows a graph illustrating a calculated
  • blends (especially blend 2) have a significantly reduced percentage of air voids compared to the unblended particles for which the package densities were calculated.
  • Step 110 exposes the blend of coarser and finer particles to the high intensity microwave radiation to form the micro-and/or macro-cracks.
  • the packed bed of the blend has an increased density (compared with a packed bed including exclusively coarser particles) and a percentage of void spaces is reduced, it is less likely that high power intensity electrical fields cause electrical
  • the microwave radiation is selected such that a resulting power-density in the microwave absorbing phase of the coarser particles is in the region of 10 7 -10 13 W/m 3 .
  • Different types of materials have different absorption coefficients for microwave radiation (depending on their dielectric properties or electrical conductivity) and different thermal expansion coefficients.
  • minerals, silicates or similar that form rock have a thermal expansion coefficient that is different to that of copper or iron containing minerals and also absorb a different amount of energy when exposed to the microwaves. Consequently, when for example copper-containing minerals are surrounded by gangue and are exposed to such
  • micro-cracks typically form around the boundaries of the hotter mineral phase enclosed in the gangue, which
  • the energy absorbed by the coarser and finer particles is a function of a power density created by the microwave radiation and an exposure time.
  • the power density is proportional to the square of the electric field component inside the material.
  • the exposure time of the blend within the conduit at the treatment region is 0.05 to 1 second.
  • the power density is of the order of 1 x 10 7 W/m 3 - 1 x 10 13 W/m 3 in the heated phase within the ore.
  • the frequency of the microwave radiation typically is in a range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
  • the method 100 may further comprise a step of providing further particles, such as third, fourth or fifth
  • the step 106 is conducted such that the coarser and finer particles are blended with the further particles.
  • the particles of different diameters may be of different or identical type of material.
  • the finer may be of different or identical type of material.
  • the finer may be of different or identical type of material.
  • the particles may be of a material type that does not contain mineral material.
  • the method 100 may further comprise separating the particles of the mined material from the particles that do not contain mineral material.
  • the treated particles may be any suitable microwave radiation.
  • the apparatus 400 comprises a blender 402 that is arranged to receive the coarser particles of mined material and the finer particles of mined material.
  • the blender 402 is arranged to blend the coarser and finer particles in accordance with step 106 of the method 100.
  • the blend of coarser and finer particles is then directed by conveyor belt 404 into a chute that comprises chute portions 406, 408 and 412.
  • the chute provides a vertical passage through which the blend of coarser and the finer particles falls by gravity in the form of a packed bed, i.e. the majority of
  • the chute portion 406 is a conduit that surrounds the falling particles .
  • the chute portion 408 comprises a microwave applicator 410 that includes the majority of a treatment region. Further, the apparatus 400 comprises a microwave generator (not shown) that is arranged to generate high-intensity
  • the microwave applicator 410 is positioned such that the particles that flow in the form of a packed bed are exposed to the microwave radiation within the treatment region 408.
  • the microwave radiation to which the particles of the mined material are exposed in the apparatus 400 is the microwave radiation to which the particles of the mined material are exposed.
  • the throughput of the mined material may be at least 100, 250, 500 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 or 5000 tonnes per hour.
  • one embodiment of the present invention relates to sorting based on a temperature of the particles.
  • the method exposes the fragments of the mined materials to a lower intensity of the microwave radiation that is insufficient to form the cracks or micro-cracks, but sufficient to selectively increase a temperature of valuable components of the fragments.
  • a sorting component is used to identify and separate "hot” particles from “cold” particles using a thermal detector (for example in the form of an infrared camera) . The detector is calibrated to determine whether a given particle is "hot” or "cold”. This information is used to operate ejectors selectively to emit a jet of gas (typically compressed air) into the path of "hot"
  • mined material is provided as a single stream and at least some of the particles of mined
  • a method 600 of treating particles of mined material with electromagnetic radiation is shown in Figure 6.
  • the method 600 is similar to the method 100, however the step of forming the blend of the distribution of particles comprises a step 602 of reducing a size of at least some particles of the mined material, for example using a crusher, so as to provide the distributions of coarser and finer particles.
  • the formed blend is then directed, in step 604, through a conduit comprising a treatment region for exposing
  • the size of the finer particles is selected such that gaps between the coarser particles are reduced by the finer particles in the formed blend .
  • particles of the mined material can be performed such that a bulk density of the formed blend approaches an average solid density. In one embodiment, an amount of air in the formed blend is minimised.
  • the particles of the mined material can be sorted, for example using a screening system, so as to remove particles at or below a predefined size.
  • particles of the mined material is typically performed so as to obtain a size distribution of the particles that is appropriate for exposure to the electromagnetic radiation.
  • particles of the mined material can comprise a step of selecting a particular type of particle size reducing apparatus, or configuring or operating an already selected type of particle size reducing apparatus, so as to obtain a size distribution of the finer and coarser particles that is particularly suitable for exposure to the
  • FIG. 7 there is shown the apparatus 700 for performing the steps of the method 600.
  • the apparatus 700 comprises a crusher 702 that is arranged to receive particles of mined material and to reduce a size of at least some particles of the mined material to form the blend of the distribution of coarser and finer particles in accordance with step 602 of the method 600. It will be appreciated that any appropriate particle size reducing apparatus can be used to perform the function of the crusher 702. The blend of coarser and finer particles is then directed by conveyor belt 704 into a chute that comprises chute portions 706, 708 and 712.
  • the chute provides a vertical passage through which the blend of coarser and the finer particles falls by gravity in the form of a packed bed, i.e. the majority of
  • the chute portion 706 is a conduit that surrounds the falling particles .
  • the chute portion 708 comprises a microwave applicator 710 that includes the majority of a treatment region. Further, the apparatus 700 comprises a microwave generator (not shown) that is arranged to generate high-intensity
  • the microwave applicator 710 is positioned such that the particles that flow in the form of a packed bed are exposed to the microwave radiation within the treatment region 708.
  • the microwave radiation to which the particles of the mined material are exposed in the apparatus 700 is the microwave radiation to which the particles of the mined material are exposed.
  • the throughput of the mined material may be at least 100, 250, 500 or 1000 tonnes per hour.
  • a screening system (not shown) may be arranged after the crusher 702, the screening system being arranged to remove particles at or below a predefined size after a size of at least some particles of the mined material has been reduced .
  • chute portion 406, 706 may not necessarily be arranged vertically and may have any suitable cross-sectional shape, diameter and length.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement de particules de matériau extrait de mine avec un rayonnement électromagnétique. Le procédé consiste à former un mélange d'une distribution de particules plus grossières du matériau extrait de mine et d'une distribution de particules plus fines du matériau extrait de mine. Le procédé consiste de plus à envoyer le mélange formé dans un conduit comprenant une région de traitement pour exposer les particules du mélange au rayonnement électromagnétique. Le procédé consiste aussi à exposer les particules du mélange au rayonnement électromagnétique. Les particules plus fines occupent au moins partiellement les espaces qui seraient vides entre les particules plus grossières lorsque le mélange formé est envoyé dans le conduit.
PCT/AU2014/001044 2013-11-29 2014-11-17 Procédé de traitement de matériau extrait de mine avec un rayonnement électromagnétique Ceased WO2015077817A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2013904643A AU2013904643A0 (en) 2013-11-29 A method for treatment of mined material with electromagnetic radiation
AU2013904643 2013-11-29
AU2014902033 2014-05-28
AU2014902033A AU2014902033A0 (en) 2014-05-28 A method for treatment of mined material with electromagnetic radiation

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WO2015077817A1 true WO2015077817A1 (fr) 2015-06-04

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025172523A1 (fr) * 2024-02-16 2025-08-21 Haver Engineering Gmbh Procédé de contrainte de particules au moyen d'impulsions électriques et utilisation d'un dispositif de contrainte de particules

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7571814B2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2009-08-11 Wave Separation Technologies Llc Method for separating metal values by exposing to microwave/millimeter wave energy
US20120043314A1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2012-02-23 Phoenix Environmental Reclamation System and method for recovering minerals
US20130020420A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2013-01-24 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Sorting Mined Material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7571814B2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2009-08-11 Wave Separation Technologies Llc Method for separating metal values by exposing to microwave/millimeter wave energy
US20130020420A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2013-01-24 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Sorting Mined Material
US20120043314A1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2012-02-23 Phoenix Environmental Reclamation System and method for recovering minerals

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025172523A1 (fr) * 2024-02-16 2025-08-21 Haver Engineering Gmbh Procédé de contrainte de particules au moyen d'impulsions électriques et utilisation d'un dispositif de contrainte de particules

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