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WO2015058283A1 - Carénage de régulation de vitesse pour brûleur - Google Patents

Carénage de régulation de vitesse pour brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015058283A1
WO2015058283A1 PCT/CA2014/000759 CA2014000759W WO2015058283A1 WO 2015058283 A1 WO2015058283 A1 WO 2015058283A1 CA 2014000759 W CA2014000759 W CA 2014000759W WO 2015058283 A1 WO2015058283 A1 WO 2015058283A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
burner
reaction gas
reaction
shroud
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2014/000759
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alexandre Lamoureux
Ivan MARINCIC
Maciej Jastrzebski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hatch Ltd
Original Assignee
Hatch Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hatch Ltd filed Critical Hatch Ltd
Priority to EP14856263.0A priority Critical patent/EP3060845A4/fr
Publication of WO2015058283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015058283A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F23C7/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/008—Flow control devices

Definitions

  • the present subject matter relates to burners for use with pulverous feed materials, such as burners used, for example, on flash smelting furnaces.
  • Flash smelting is a pyrometallurgical process in which a finely ground feed material is combusted with a reaction gas.
  • a flash smelting furnace typically includes an elevated reaction shaft at the top of which is positioned a burner where pulverous feed material and reaction gas are brought together.
  • the feed material is typically ore concentrates containing both copper and iron sulfide minerals.
  • the concentrates are usually mixed with a silica flux and combusted with pre-heated air or oxygen-enriched air. Molten droplets are formed in the reaction shaft and fall to the hearth, forming a copper-rich matte and an iron-rich slag layer.
  • Much of the sulfur in the concentrates combines with oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide which can be exhausted from the furnace as a gas and further treated to produce sulfuric acid.
  • a conventional burner for a flash smelter includes an injector having a water-cooled sleeve and an internal central lance, a wind box, and a cooling block that integrates with the roof of the furnace reaction shaft.
  • the lower portion of the injector sleeve and the inner edge of the cooling block create an annular channel.
  • the feed material is introduced from above and descends through the injector sleeve into the reaction shaft.
  • Oxygen enriched combustion air enters the wind box and is discharged to the reaction shaft through the annular channel. Deflection of the feed material into the reaction gas is promoted by a bell-shaped tip at the lower end of the central lance.
  • the tip includes multiple perforation jets that direct compressed air outwardly to disperse the feed material in an umbrella-shaped reaction zone.
  • a contoured adjustment ring is mounted around the lower portion of the injector sleeve within the annular channel, and can slide along the vertical axis. The velocity of the reaction gas can be controlled to respond to different flow rates by raising and lowering the adjustment ring with control rods that extend upwardly through the wind box to increase or reduce the cross-sectional flow area in the annular channel.
  • Such a burner for a flash smelting furnace is disclosed in U.S. patent no. 6,238,457.
  • the presence of the adjustment ring precludes the possibility of mounting additional devices which can further adjustably modify the gas flow characteristics independently of velocity.
  • Devices such as adjustable swirl generating inserts, turbulence generating inserts, shrouds, etc. cannot be incorporated into a conventional design. These devices are known from other combustion fields, and are known to improve mixing and plume characteristics, improving combustion. Additionally, the presence of the adjustment ring necessitates that the combustion gas flow does not exit the nozzle vertically, but is instead forced to converge towards the centre of the reaction shaft.
  • a burner for a pulverous feed material.
  • the burner has a structure that integrates the burner with a reaction vessel, and has an opening that communicates with the interior of the reaction vessel.
  • the burner also has a gas supply channel to supply reaction gas through the opening into the reaction vessel, and a feed supply for delivering pulverous material to the reaction vessel.
  • the burner additionally has a velocity control shroud that is capable of distributing the reaction gas flow between two concentric, annular flow areas to modify the flow profile of the reaction gas.
  • a burner for a flash smelting furnace.
  • the burner includes a burner block, a nozzle, a wind box, an injector, and a velocity control shroud.
  • the block integrates with the roof of the furnace, and has an opening therethrough to communicate with the reaction shaft of the furnace.
  • the wind box is mounted over the block and supplies reaction gas to the reaction shaft through the nozzle which extends through the block opening.
  • the injector has a sleeve for delivering pulverous feed material to the furnace and a central lance within the sleeve to supply compressed air for dispersing the pulverous feed material in the reaction shaft.
  • the injector is mounted within the wind box so as to extend through the nozzle, defining therewith an annular channel through which reaction gas from the wind box flows into the reaction shaft.
  • the velocity control shroud is positioned concentrically outside of the injector, and defines two flow areas: a small inner annular area and a larger outer annular area.
  • the velocity control shroud can be used with a series of auxiliary inserts positioned in the inner annular area to modify the velocity, direction, swirl, turbulence and/or other characteristics of the reaction gas flow.
  • the vertical position of the velocity control shroud can be controlled to modify the relative size of the inner and outer annular areas.
  • Lowering the shroud decreases the size of the outer annular area. This modifies the proportion of reaction gas flowing through the outer annular flow area created between the shroud and the nozzle, and the inner annular flow area created between the velocity control shroud and the injector.
  • By lowering the velocity control shroud into the nozzle a larger portion of the reaction gas is forced to flow through the inner annular flow area, increasing the average velocity of the total reaction gas exiting the burner.
  • the velocity control shroud By raising the velocity control shroud, less reaction gas flows through the velocity control shroud as more reaction gas can bypass the velocity control shroud through the outer annular area, thereby reducing the average velocity of the reaction gas exiting the burner.
  • the maximum velocity which can be achieved through a nozzle controlled by the velocity control shroud is governed by the size of the inner annular area. The highest outlet velocity is achieved when the shroud is in its lowest position and substantially all of the reaction gas is forced through the inner annular area.
  • a nesting insert with helical swirl generating vanes is inserted into the velocity control shroud to add a tangential flow component to the reaction gas exiting the burner and thereby induce swirling within the reaction shaft.
  • the pitch and width of the vanes of the swirler insert can be adjusted to achieve different maximum swirl intensities.
  • a nesting insert containing a series of radial fins or helical vanes or other deflectors on the outside of the insert that are angled from the longitudinal axis is inserted into the velocity control shroud to modify the turbulence of the reaction gas exiting the burner.
  • the angle and width of the deflectors of the turbulence generating insert can be adjusted to achieve different maximum turbulence intensity.
  • the velocity control shroud is an externally controlled component that can be moved vertically to control the exit velocity of the reaction gas.
  • the insert is an externally controlled component that can be moved vertically to control the swirling or turbulence of the reaction gas.
  • the velocity control shroud and insert can be independently controlled to decouple the flow velocity, and the turbulence or swirl component.
  • the cross-sectional area of the velocity control shroud can be adjusted to achieve different maximum outlet velocities.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a burner for a flash smelting furnace according to one embodiment containing only the velocity control shroud.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a burner for a flash smelting furnace according to a second embodiment containing the velocity control shroud and swirler insert.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a burner for a flash smelting furnace according to a third embodiment containing the velocity control shroud and turbulence generating insert.
  • Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a velocity control shroud shown in the three embodiments.
  • Fig. 5 is an isometric view of a swirler insert shown in the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is an isometric view of a turbulence generating insert shown in the third embodiment.
  • a burner 13 is positioned above the reaction shaft of a flash smelting furnace.
  • the base of the burner 13 is provided by a block 11 which integrates into the roof of the reaction shaft of the furnace and a nozzle 14 which extends through the block 1 1.
  • a wind box 15 is mounted above the nozzle 14 and an injector 16 having a sleeve 17 (which may be water-cooled) and a central lance 18 extends through the wind box 15 and through an opening 19 in the nozzle 14.
  • the material feed equipment comprising air slides, splitter boxes, manifold connectors, feed pipes, and a distributor which communicates with the sleeve 17 of the injector 16.
  • the central lance 18 of the injector 16 extends upwardly beyond the sleeve 17 through the top of the distributor to a lance head section. Radiating guide wings 12 help to keep the central lance 18 centered within the sleeve 17.
  • the sleeve 17 may also have similarly radiating vanes (not shown) to help to keep the sleeve 17 centered within the opening 19 of the nozzle 14.
  • the burner is mounted on the furnace support structure and the nozzle 14 extends through the burner block 1 1 which provides the main seal between the reaction shaft of the furnace and the burner 13.
  • the block 11 is water-cooled and has multiple ports for access and cleaning of the burner components that are located below the block 11.
  • the injector sleeve 17 extends down into the upper portion of the reaction shaft of the furnace.
  • the central lance 18 has a tip 28 at its lower end which extends below the sleeve 17.
  • the lower, inside rim of the sleeve 17 diverges towards the bottom opening and the lance tip 28 has a frustoconical shape and together they direct the feed material outwardly.
  • the lance 18 carries compressed air which is directed horizontally from the tip 28. The compressed air further disperses the feed material in an umbrella pattern through the reaction shaft of the furnace.
  • a velocity control shroud 22 which is positioned concentrically with the sleeve 17 of the injector 16.
  • the velocity control shroud 22, as shown in Fig. 4, is of generally conical shape, and is larger than the lower nozzle opening 19a.
  • the opening 19 of the nozzle 14 and the outer surface of the velocity control shroud 22 define an outer annular channel 20, while the inner surface of the velocity control shroud 22 and the sleeve 17 define an inner annular channel 21 , through which the reaction gas passes from the wind box 15 to the reaction shaft.
  • a shroud actuator which may be hydraulic, pneumatic, or a mechanical screw jack, (not shown) mounted externally to the burner is governed by a PLC (programmable logic control) to adjust the vertical position of the velocity control shroud 22. Adjusting the vertical position of the velocity control shroud 22 changes the size of the outer annular area. This allows the proportion of reaction gas that flows through the outer annular channel 20 and that flows through the inner annular channel 21 to be manipulated. When the velocity control shroud 22 is in a high position it has little effect on the velocity of the reaction gas that flows through the burner 13. In this case the velocity is governed by the opening 19 formed by the nozzle 14.
  • a swirler insert 23 resides in the inner annular channel 21 defined by the inner surface of the velocity control shroud 22 and the sleeve 17, and manipulates the passing reaction gas flow velocity profile.
  • the swirler insert 23, as shown in Fig. 5, contains a plurality of vanes 25, which impart a tangential velocity to the passing fluid, thereby inducing an overall swirling motion of the fluid flowing into the reaction shaft.
  • the swirler insert 23 partitions the inner annular channel 21 and creates a swirling annular channel 24 of flow within.
  • the swirler insert 23 can be raised and lowered with an insert actuator, which may be hydraulic, pneumatic or a mechnical screw jack (not shown), to manipulate the amount of swirl induced in the reaction gas, controlling the overall burner plume shape as well as the mixing characteristics within the reaction shaft.
  • an insert actuator which may be hydraulic, pneumatic or a mechnical screw jack (not shown)
  • the swirler insert 23 is in the highest position the amount of reaction gas that is forced into the the swirl annular channel 24 is minimized.
  • the swirler insert 23 is progressively lowered along the sleeve 17, the amount of reaction gas that is forced through the swirl annular channel 24 increases.
  • the amount of swirl imparted to the flow is maximized when the swirler insert 23 is in its lowest position and in contact with the velocity control shroud 22.
  • the total tangential (swirling) velocity of the gas jet emerging from the nozzle of the burner can be manipulated by varying the position of the swirler insert, as indicated in the CFD modeling results shown in Table 2.
  • the vertical position of the swirler insert 23 controls the degree of swirling independently of the axial velocity of the fluid, which is controlled by the velocity control shroud 22.
  • Controlling the plume shape also allows control of the temperature and wear of the reaction shaft refractory lining.
  • FIG. 3 a further embodiment is shown. Similar components are given like names and like reference numbers, and their description will not be repeated.
  • a turbulence generating insert 26 resides in the inner annular channel 21 defined by the inner surface of the velocity control shroud
  • the turbulence generating insert 26 contains a plurality of fins 27, which are situated in pairs around the full circumference of the turbulence generating insert 26 and fixed at an angle normal to the curved surface of the ring. Each pair of fins 27 has an angle of attack with respect to the direction of the fluid flow. The angle of attack and fin spacing is selected to produce the desired turbulence structure generated by the turbulence generating insert 26.
  • the turbulence generating insert 26 can be raised and lowered with an insert actuator, which may be hydraulic, pneumatic or a mechnical screw jack (not shown), to provide the optimal degree of turbulent mixing required depending on the incoming reaction gas flow rate and composition.
  • an insert actuator which may be hydraulic, pneumatic or a mechnical screw jack (not shown), to provide the optimal degree of turbulent mixing required depending on the incoming reaction gas flow rate and composition.
  • the vertical position of the turbulence generating insert 26, hence the turbulence intensity of the reaction gas, is controlled independently of the axial velocity of the reaction gas, which is controlled by the velocity control shroud 22.
  • the turbulence generating insert may be fitted with vanes of a helical geometry, or other insert geometries, in lieu of the angled fins, to provide alternative gas flow patterns and mixing characteristics within the reaction shaft.
  • burners for flash smelting furnaces While the above subject matter has been described in the context of burners for flash smelting furnaces, it will be appreciated that it may also have application to other burners for pulverous feed materials, such as burners for furnaces that are fueled by pulverous coal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un brûleur pour matériau d'apport pulvérulent, tel que pour un four de fusion éclair. Le brûleur comprend un bloc de brûleur qui s'intègre dans le plafond du four et comporte une ouverture à travers ledit bloc afin de communiquer avec la cuve de réaction du four. Une boîte à vent est montée sur le bloc et alimente en gaz de réaction la cuve de réaction via une buse qui s'étend à travers l'ouverture de bloc. Le brûleur comprend en outre un carénage de régulation de vitesse qui peut répartir le flux de gaz de réaction entre deux zones de flux concentriques afin de modifier le profil d'écoulement du gaz de réaction. Le carénage de régulation de vitesse peut être utilisé avec des inserts auxiliaires pour modifier la vitesse, la direction, le tourbillonnement, la turbulence et la course, ou d'autres caractéristiques, du flux de gaz de réaction.
PCT/CA2014/000759 2013-10-21 2014-10-21 Carénage de régulation de vitesse pour brûleur Ceased WO2015058283A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14856263.0A EP3060845A4 (fr) 2013-10-21 2014-10-21 Carénage de régulation de vitesse pour brûleur

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361893551P 2013-10-21 2013-10-21
US61/893,551 2013-10-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015058283A1 true WO2015058283A1 (fr) 2015-04-30

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ID=52992077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2014/000759 Ceased WO2015058283A1 (fr) 2013-10-21 2014-10-21 Carénage de régulation de vitesse pour brûleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3060845A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015058283A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017072413A1 (fr) * 2015-10-30 2017-05-04 Outotec (Finland) Oy Brûleur et appareil d'alimentation en solides fins pour brûleur
CN109611832A (zh) * 2019-01-17 2019-04-12 襄阳市胜合燃力设备有限公司 一种多通道双涡流回转窑用燃烧器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2070761A (en) * 1980-02-25 1981-09-09 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Pulverized coal burner
US4602571A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-07-29 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Burner for coal slurry
US6238457B1 (en) 1996-10-01 2001-05-29 Outokumpu Oyj Method for feeding and directing reaction gas and solids into a smelting furnace and a multiadjustable burner designed for said purpose
US20050211142A1 (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-09-29 Babcock-Hitachi K.K. Burner, fuel combustion method and boiler retrofit method

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013149332A1 (fr) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Hatch Ltd. Brûleur à commande fluidique pour matériau pulvérulent

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2070761A (en) * 1980-02-25 1981-09-09 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Pulverized coal burner
US4602571A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-07-29 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Burner for coal slurry
US6238457B1 (en) 1996-10-01 2001-05-29 Outokumpu Oyj Method for feeding and directing reaction gas and solids into a smelting furnace and a multiadjustable burner designed for said purpose
US20050211142A1 (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-09-29 Babcock-Hitachi K.K. Burner, fuel combustion method and boiler retrofit method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3060845A4 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017072413A1 (fr) * 2015-10-30 2017-05-04 Outotec (Finland) Oy Brûleur et appareil d'alimentation en solides fins pour brûleur
CN108351101A (zh) * 2015-10-30 2018-07-31 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 燃烧器以及用于燃烧器的微细固体物供给装置
EA033512B1 (ru) * 2015-10-30 2019-10-31 Outotec Finland Oy Горелка и устройство подачи мелких твердых частиц для горелки
CN108351101B (zh) * 2015-10-30 2019-11-05 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 燃烧器以及用于燃烧器的微细固体物供给装置
US10655842B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2020-05-19 Outotec (Finland) Oy Burner and fine solids feeding apparatus for a burner
CN109611832A (zh) * 2019-01-17 2019-04-12 襄阳市胜合燃力设备有限公司 一种多通道双涡流回转窑用燃烧器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3060845A4 (fr) 2017-07-05
EP3060845A1 (fr) 2016-08-31

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