WO2015055785A1 - Radiation detector for detecting radiation, receiving device, and method for imaging a target volume and for determining a scanning center within the target volume - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a radiation detector (1) for detecting radiation (19), a receiving device (12), and a method for imaging a target volume and for registering a scanning center (18) within the target volume. The radiation detector has a main body, which has a first surface (2) that is sensitive to the radiation (19) to be detected and a second surface lying opposite the first surface (2). A display unit (3) for displaying an image produced by means of the detected radiation (19) is arranged on the first surface (2) or directly on the second surface. The display unit is transparent to the radiation (19) to be detected, provided that the display unit (3) is arranged on the first surface.

Description

 Radiation detector for detecting a radiation, recording device and

A method of mapping a target volume and determining a scan center within the target volume

The present invention relates to a radiation detector for detecting radiation, a recording device and a method for imaging a target volume and for determining a scanning center within the target volume.

Many imaging systems have in common that they must use detectors to register information that converts them into images. So far, these detectors are used exclusively as a pure imaging component. In particular, in x-ray imaging systems, they generally occupy a large area of the entire system and offer the potential to use this area for other purposes as well.

In radiography, fluoroscopy is predominantly performed by means of a created sensitive film material, which must be developed after the irradiation. Digital detectors establish themselves only slowly and predominantly in hospitals, but not in general practitioners. Usually, a large-area cassette is anchored behind the patient in a holder, then irradiated, removed and developed. The diagnosis takes place only after the development of the film,

A display of image information recorded by means of a flat detector is usually carried out on external monitors, which are usually attached to a trolley. In the trolley there are more system hardware. Furthermore, trolley often accommodate units for operating the entire system. From the point of view, operating rooms and work areas generally clear and spacious to set up, it is desirable to be able to dispense with the trolley in the operating room. Such a system with an external monitor is known for example from the document DE 10 2010 018 627 AI.

Object of the present invention is therefore to propose a radiation detector and a recording device that are built as compact as possible and occupy little space in a workspace.

This object is achieved with a radiation detector according to claim 1, a receiving device according to claim 11 and a method according to claim 14. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are described in the dependent claims.

A radiation detector for detecting a radiation has a base body with a first surface sensitive to the radiation to be detected. In addition, the radiation detector has a second surface opposite the first surface. On the first surface and / or directly on the second surface, a display unit is arranged, which serves to display an image generated by the detected radiation. If the display unit is mounted on the first surface, the display unit is permeable to the radiation to be detected. By integration of the display unit in the radiation detector can be dispensed with additional components for displaying the detected image and the radiation detector itself be built very compact. By virtue of the fact that the display unit is permeable to the radiation to be detected and nevertheless can display the generated image, the display unit itself can be arranged on a side which is irradiated by the radiation to be detected. By a direct application of the display unit on the second surface, whereby it is thus in direct contact with the second surface, a user of the radiation detector on one side of the radiation detector facing away from the radiation detector can easily perceive the recorded image, the display unit in this case not be permeable to the detecting radiation, but may be natural. The direct application of the display unit on the first surface or on the second surface, a compact design of the entire radiation detector is possible. The display unit itself has a flat extended surface, that is, that a length and a width of the display unit are each larger than a thickness. As a result, a large part of the radiation can be detected, while at the same time a thickness is kept low. The display unit lies flat and in alignment with the radiation detector, ie it advantageously covers the complete surface of the detector

Ray detector.

It may also be provided that not only the first surface is sensitive to the radiation to be detected, i. H. that these can detect a measurement signal when the radiation hits, but that the second one too

Surface is capable of detecting this radiation. Particularly preferably, the display unit, when it is arranged on the first surface, also disposed directly on this surface, that is, in direct, touching contact with the first surface. If the display unit is arranged on the second surface, it may be permeable to the radiation to be detected.

It can be provided that the display unit has a luminous film, wherein the luminous film preferably comprises an organic light emitting diode (OLED) or a light emitting electrochemical cell {LEC). organic

Light-emitting diodes and electrochemical cells can be simple and high Packing density and light output can be arranged in a luminous film. By using a luminous film, a thin, but at the same time flexible film during processing is applied to the radiation detector. A thickness of the radiation detector thus remains virtually unchanged, while a production can nevertheless take place in a simple and cost-effective manner.

Typically, the radiation detector has an operating unit. This operating unit is arranged such that the display unit is located between the main body and the operating unit. Alternatively, the operating unit can be arranged next to the display unit on the base body. The control unit dispenses with another external device and instead integrates this into the radiation detector. By integrating display and control elements into the detector, a more effective use of a detector surface is also achieved. A control of the display element and an evaluation of user input via the operating unit can be done via a separate hardware, which can be placed outside a sensor work area, ie a work area of the X-ray detector.

The arrangement next to the display unit still allows a compact design of the radiation detector, in which case the image is not obscured during operation, whereas the arrangement above the body and below the display unit realizes a very space-saving arrangement, but in a Operation via the control unit, the image displayed on the display unit is obscured. Preferably, the operating unit comprises a multi-touch surface. In this case, it can also be provided that the display unit and the operating unit are combined with one another, that is to say they are realized in a single component. The multi-touch display itself operates on a capacitive basis or by means of an optical method, preferably "frustrated internal total reflection". The arrangement of the operating unit next to the display unit typically includes an arrangement on the side of the display unit. The operation is preferably also permeable to the radiation to be detected and can also be used for an optical radiation emitted by the display unit

Wavelength range from 300 nm to 800 nm permeable. The radiation detector can be designed as a flat detector. In this case, a flat panel detector should be understood to mean that a length and a width of the surface of the radiation detector used for detection are significantly greater than a thickness of the radiation detector. Preferably, the length and / or the width is at least twice as large as the thickness of the detector. By such dimensions, a compact detector is realized.

The first surface or the second surface of the base body can be designed to detect ionizing radiation. Typically, ionizing radiation is used to study an interior of objects to be imaged. Preferably, the ionizing radiation comprises X-radiation, i. a radiation in the wavelength range of 10 nm to 1 pm. The radiation detector is thus an X-ray detector and the property of the display unit to be transparent to the radiation to be detected means that the display unit is permeable to X-ray radiation and it is only absorbed onto the main body of the radiation detector for imaging. The main body and the display unit can be arranged within a housing, wherein the housing has an opening for the display unit and the first surface of the radiation detector or, if provided, for the operating unit. As a result, a mechanical stability of the radiation detector is increased by the housing. At the same time, the radiation to be detected can still be conducted reliably through the opening in the housing onto the base body and thus onto the radiation-sensitive surface of the base body. The housing typically comprises a metal or a plastic, preferably aluminum, iron, lead, polyethylene, polypropylene and / or polyvinyl chloride. It may be provided that the main body and the display unit and the operating unit always remain within the housing, so in particular the display unit is always located with its entire volume within the housing,

The radiation detector can be designed as a mobile device and have an independent power supply. Preferably, the power supply via a built-in battery, so a primary cell, which is no longer can be charged, or via a built-in battery, which can be recharged after a discharge and thus is a secondary cell. As a result, the radiation detector for assessing the recorded images can be brought into a position that is comfortable for a user and can be used in a location-independent manner.

A recording device for imaging and registering a target volume comprises the radiation detector already described, a radiation source for emitting radiation and a computing unit for calculating the image of the target volume and for displaying the image on the display unit. The arithmetic unit also processes inputs that have been made via the operating unit, provided that the operating unit is provided as a component. Such a recording device is typically used for three-dimensional imaging and can be arranged, for example, on a C-arm device. Alternatively, the recording device may also comprise freely movable radiation detectors and radiation sources. The arithmetic unit itself can be arranged on the radiation detector, but it can also be designed as a separate device. If the arithmetic unit is arranged on the radiation detector, it can be directly, ie in direct contact with the main body and, if the housing is provided on the radiation detector, preferably enclosed by the housing. The arithmetic unit is typically designed as a microcontroller.

The radiation source and / or the radiation detector are typically attached to a respective movable arm. This allows a free positioning of the two components relative to each other. Preferably, the object to be imaged is mounted on a holder, wherein the radiation detector can be moved completely under the holder by the arm. As a result, if neither imaging on the display unit nor detection of the radiation is required, the radiation detector can be moved under the holder in a space-saving manner. The arm on which the radiation source or the radiation detector are held, is typically a robot arm having at least three axes, preferably at least four axes, particularly preferably with six axes, at the end of which said components are mounted. The holder has a closed surface for reliably holding the object to be imaged located in the target volume, and may be, for example, a table or, in particular, a table in an operating room. Preferably, the surface is permeable to the radiation to be detected or has a recess for the radiation to be detected.

The device described may, as already described, comprise a C-arm on which the radiation detector is arranged. Preferably, the radiation source is arranged on this C-arm. Typically, the

Radiation source and the radiation detector in this case arranged opposite each other and the C-arm can be moved around the holder described.

A method of mapping a target volume and determining a scan center within the target volume comprises several steps. In a first step, an object to be examined, which is located in the target volume, is recorded by emitting radiation from a radiation source onto the object to be examined. This radiation is detected by the already described radiation detector, which comprises the operating unit and the display unit, wherein the radiation source and the radiation detector are arranged in a first relative position to each other. In a further method step, the radiation source and / or the radiation detector is moved to a second relative position and the object to be examined is recorded again. Finally, the recorded image or multiple images of the target volume is displayed on the display unit, and a region of interest within the target volume is selected by the control unit arranged on the radiation detector and a scan center is determined that lies centrally in the target volume. In this case, the selection is made by a user, the scanning center itself being a point by which subsequent scans can be carried out in now precisely defined recording positions relative to this scanning center.

Typically, this method is carried out with the recording device already described. The recording device itself can also sensors for measuring a movement of the radiation source and or or of the radiation detector.

It can also be provided that a movement of the radiation detector is measured and an inverse movement of the radiation detector is transmitted to the image for spatially fixed positioning of the image. The image here is typically a projection image of the object to be examined. The measurement can be done via motion sensors on the radiation detector. Due to the transmission of the inverse movement, the actual movement is just compensated and the image is positioned spatially fixed.

The radiation detector, the acquisition device and the method described above are used in medicine, in particular in intraoperative imaging.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are shown in FIGS. 1 to 16 are shown.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a flat detector of the

 State of the art;

FIG. 2 shows a plan view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a flat detector with an applied X-ray transparent display unit; FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of the flat detector with the display and operating unit applied; FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a flat-panel detector with a radiolucent display unit and a lateral operating unit; FIG.

Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Fig 1 a flat detector with a side handle. 1 corresponding view of a flat detector with display element and housing; a frontafe view of a C-arm with a radiation source and the in the Fign. 1 to 6 flat detector shown; the device shown in Figure 7 in a rotated by 90 ° with respect to the view of Figure 7 side view. 8 shows a view of the receiving device with a relative to the device shown in Figure 8 by 90 ° deflected orbital axis of the C-arm.

Top view of the recording device with in different relative positions relative to each other moved radiation source and radiation detector. the radiation detector with projection image displayed on the display unit; a space-fixed fixation of the projection image shown in Figure 11 when moving the radiation detector. a side view of an operating table with robot arm attached thereto, wherein the robot arm at one end carries the radiation detector; a view rotated by 90 ° relative to the view shown in Figure 13 view of the operating table with robot arm and radiation detector. a view corresponding to FIG. 13 of the operating table with robot arm and radiation detector, the display unit now pointing in the direction of the observer; and a side view rotated by 90 ° with respect to the view shown in FIG. 15 of the operating table with robot arm and beam. lendetektor.

In Fig. 1, a main body of a conventional flat detector 1 is shown in a perspective view. The main body has a length which corresponds to its value according to a width of the main body. A

Basic form of Fiachdetektors 1 is thus square. Both the length and the width of the main body are significantly larger than a thickness of the base body, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the thickness is just one-tenth of the length or the width of the body. The body comprises a cesium iodide substrate incident as a scintillator

X-radiation is converted into visible radiation, which is converted into an electrical signal by a matrix of photodiodes! is converted.

An upper side of the flat detector 1 is designed to detect ionizing radiation in the form of X-ray radiation impinging on the upper side and subsequently to forward it as a projection image to a display unit. By contrast, one of the second surface opposite the first surface 2 forming the upper side is not sensitive to the X-ray radiation. In Fig. 2 in a Fig. 1 corresponding view of that shown in Fig. 1

Flat detector 1 shown with an applied on the first surface 2 display unit 3. Recurring features are given the same reference numerals in this figure as in the following figures. The display unit 3 is a luminescent film in which a plurality of organic light emitting diodes (OLED) are incorporated and which can represent the electrical signal coming from the photodiodes as an image. The X-radiation incident on the first surface 2 generates a projection image which is determined by a computing unit and can be displayed on the display unit 3. The arithmetic unit is in this case arranged directly on the flat detector 2, but can also be used as a separate device in addition to the other embodiments

Fiachdetektor 2 be arranged and connected to this wired or kabef- loose. The luminous film of the display unit 3 is permeable to X-ray radiation, so that the X-ray radiation, without being absorbed, can pass through the luminous film and strike the first surface 2 of the flat detector 1. This allows a more effective use of a detector surface by integration of display and controls in the Flat detector 1 can be achieved. The control of the display unit 3 and an evaluation of user input via an operating unit can be done via a separate hardware, which may be placed outside the sensor work area.

An operating unit 4 is applied in the flat detector 1 shown in FIG. 3 in a view corresponding to FIG. 1 with a display unit 3 arranged thereon. The operating unit 4 is mounted directly on the display unit 3 and transmissive to radiation in the optical range, i. for electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range between 300 nm and 800 nm, as well as for X-radiation in a wavelength range of 10 nm to 1 pm, so that projection images displayed on the display unit 3 are not absorbed by the operating unit 4. By radiolucent is to be understood in this case that a maximum of 10% of the incident radiation is absorbed, scattered or reflected. The display unit 3 thus lies between the operating unit 4 and the flat detector 1. The dimensions of the display unit 3 and the operating unit 4 correspond exactly to the dimensions of the first surface 2 of the flat detector 1, on which they are arranged in alignment. The operating unit 4 comprises a multi-touch surface, which has a capacitive working method with capacitive

Sensors that respond to local changes in capacity by a finger or other input device. In further exemplary embodiments, the display unit 3 and the operating unit 4 can be combined by a single component designed in one piece, for example a touchscreen. In further exemplary embodiments, the operating unit 4 can also be a keyboard arranged laterally on the flat detector 1, a trackball or a touchpad. Alternatively or additionally, a capacitive or inductive operation, for example a three-dimensional gesture recognition, may be provided. For this purpose, metal filaments in the display unit can be provided around a receiving area such as a sensor, whose capacitance changes when approaching or touching a finger and which can thus be evaluated capacitively.

In further exemplary embodiments, a further display unit can also be arranged on an underside of the flat detector 1 opposite the upper side, which typically likewise is permeable to the detectable X-radiation is. In addition, the second surface can be sensitive to the X-radiation. Equipping the flat detector 1 with two display units on different sides is particularly advantageous when mounted on a C-arm, as is always visible by a C-shaped movement of the C-arm to be imaged isocenter one of the two display units. Likewise, in further embodiments, the display unit 3 may also not be arranged directly on the second surface, in particular if the Anzetgeeinheit 3 is applied to both the first surface 2 and on the second surface.

FIG. 4 shows, in a view corresponding to FIG. 1, the flat detector 1 with the radiopaque display unit 3 applied thereto and a laterally mounted interface 5 for contactless gesture recognition. For this purpose, the cutting parts 5 comprise a camera which detects gestures of a user of the radiation detector 1 and determines them based on these gestures

Functions.

The flat-panel detector 1 can also, as shown in FIG. 5 in a perspective view corresponding to FIG. 1, have a lateral grip 6, which is arranged on a main body of the flat detector 1. On the first surface 2 of the flat detector 1, in turn, the display unit 3 is applied. The handle 6 is used for easy transport of Fiachdetektors 1 by a user. This allows a mobile and easy assessment. For simplified mobile use of the flat detector 1, this has a built-in battery for power supply. Furthermore, the flat detector 1 comprises a built-in communication unit with antenna, with which the flat detector 1 is in wireless communication with the latter for the transmission of Bifd data from the arithmetic unit. FIG. 6 shows in a view corresponding to FIG. 1 the flat detector 1 in which the X-ray-transparent display unit 3 is mounted in direct contact with the main body on the surface opposite to the radiation-sensitive surface 2. The radiation-sensitive first surface 2 lies in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6 facing away from a viewer. The display unit 3 or the

Control unit 4 are arranged in a housing 7. The housing 7 um- closes the display unit 3 and has an opening 8 through which a display can be viewed. Likewise, the housing 7 has a further opening on a lower side through which X-ray radiation can reach the first surface 2. In further embodiments, the housing 7 can also surround the flat detector 1. The housing 7 is made of aluminum in the illustrated embodiment and protects both the base body and the display unit 3 from mechanical damage. In further exemplary embodiments, the housing may also consist of or at least comprise other materials, for example plastics or fiber-reinforced plastics or other metals. The receiving unit 3 can also be arranged on the first surface 2 in further exemplary embodiments and, alternatively or additionally, the operating unit 4 can be attached to the flat detector 1. Fig. 7 shows a side view of an operating table 9, which by a

Tabletop 10 is in contact with a floor 11 of an operating room. A receiving device 12 is arranged at a right end of the operating table 9. The recording device 12 comprises a radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1 already described. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, the radiation source 13 is located below the surgical area 9, while the radiation detector 1 is located opposite the radiation source 13 above the operating table 9 is arranged. The radiation source 13 emits a cone beam-shaped bundle of X-rays, of which only a central beam 19 running centrally within this bundle 19 is shown in FIG. The radiation source 13 and the radiation detector 1 are on a C-arm

14, which is also part of the receiving device 12 and is shown in Fig. 7 in frontal view. The receiving device 12 can be moved via rollers 15 on the floor 11 of the operating room. The receiving device 12 is designed to generate three-dimensional images from the projection images obtained and has for this purpose a computing unit 16 which is arranged on the receiving device 12. In further exemplary embodiments, the arithmetic unit 16 may also be spatially separated from the receiving device 12. Before any 3D scan of any 3D imaging system, especially in previously used ones

3D C-bends, a scan center must be redefined. The better the system aligned with the scan center, the higher the accuracy of the later scan center reconstruction. For alignment, the imaging system is moved in two orthogonal positions parallel to a patient. A first of these positions is shown in FIG. The imaging components, ie the radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1, are displaced in both planes until the fluoroscopy images the volume to be scanned almost centrally.

In Fig. 8, the recording device 12 with the C-arm 14 and the radiation detector 1 and the radiation source 13 is shown in a 90 ° relative to the view shown in Fig. 7. Typically, for alignment, the two positions are anterior-posterior (as shown in FIG. 8 "from above") and the lateral ("lateral") position illustrated in FIG. 9. Fig. 9 shows accordingly in the same perspective as Fig. 8, the receiving device 12, in which the C-arm 14 and thus also the attached radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1 were moved by 90 ° in a lateral position. 8, an orbital axis of the C-arm 14 is now deflected by 90.degree .. The orbital axis is in this case the axis of rotation of the orbital movement, extending in the middle between the

Radiation source 13 and the radiation detector 1 and is perpendicular to a connecting line between the radiation source 13 and the radiation detector 1. In the orientation of two axes are thus first aligned from a bird's eye view, and then in the lateral position to align the height. This will be the X-ray fluoroscopy displayed on a separate monitor or, as shown in Figs. 7 to 9 on the flat detector 1 with integrated recording unit 3. Alignment with conventional radiation detectors without the display unit 3 requires the surgeon, as the user of the recording device 12, to gain some experience of the display on the actual position of the projection and the complete

Align the system correctly. By the combination of the flat detector 1 with the display unit 3, the flat detector 1 is no longer used only for pure image acquisition, but manipulatable image reproduction.

FIG. 10 shows, in a side view, the radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1, which are now not rigidly connected in their position by the C-arm 14. are coupled, but each attached to a freely movable arm. For this purpose, the radiation source 13 is arranged on a robot arm 17 with three axes. Independent kinematics of the radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1 in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 make it more flexible in a design of the alignment process: the flat detector 1 can be moved around the radiation source 13 to two laterally oblique positions so that an X-ray projection can be obtained The volume to be scanned is completely but not necessarily centered. The two positions are shown in Fig. 10, wherein a scanning center 18 just one

Intersection of the emitted in the two positions central rays 19 corresponds.

The surgeon can use the operating unit 4 of the flat detector 1 to mark his target volume, which is also referred to as the "region of interest (ROI)", in each case on the displayed projection. The target volume may in this case include certain areas of the body such as individual organs or certain bones and is a predetermined area of space that is to be imaged. Simple beam geometry allows the calculation of the scanning center 18. An alignment of the system until the projection shows the target volume in the middle, thus eliminating. Furthermore, the lateral transilluminations can in particular be made so that only the patient lying on the operating table 9 is transilluminated and not in addition the operating table 9. This can cause a reduction of the radiation dose to the patient in systems with a power control of the radiation source 13 ,

However, as in the case of all 3D X-ray imaging systems, the prerequisite is a prior rough alignment so that the flat-panel detector 1 images the target volume at all. FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the flat detector 1 arranged behind the operating table 9 with a first surface 2 facing the radiation source 13. On the first surface 2 is the receiving unit 3, on which the projection image of the object to be examined can be seen.

Fig. 12 also shows the flat detector 1 in a Fig. 11 corresponding view behind the operating table 9. The flat detector 1 is compared to the in

Fig. 11 illustrated state, however, now moved to the left. The movement of the flat detector 1 is measured and tracked by sensors, for example by evaluation of a kinematic chain, navigation or an acceleration sensor, and an inverse movement is transmitted to the projection image. As a result, the projection image on the recording unit 3 remains fixed in space. The flat detector 1 can now be moved so intuitively that the fixed, incomplete projection image in the room shifts to the desired position within the detector. However, this also means that a certain part 20 of the projection image can not be seen when moving the flat detector 1 and exists only as a virtual image.

With 3D C-bends 14, which, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, instead of a conventional image detector, have installed the flat-panel detector 1 with display and operating functionality, it is also possible to dispense with the target volume in the middle of the method for aligning with the scanning center 18.

In the first step, a fluoroscopy will be taken from an anterior-posterior position, which will image the focal volume. Subsequently, the C-arm 14 can be moved into a lateral position and the target volume can be marked on the anterior-posterior fluoroscopy still displayed on the flat detector 1. Now a fluoroscopy can be taken from a lateral position and the target volume can also be marked in it. The scan center 18 can be determined using simple beam geometry. In this method eliminates the time consuming accurate positioning of the C-arm 14th

FIG. 13 shows, in a lateral view corresponding to FIG. 7, the operating table 9, wherein a three-axis robotic arm 21 is now fastened to the table leg 10, at the end of which the flat detector 1 is arranged. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, the robot arm 21 and the flat detector 1 are moved in such a way that the flat detector 1 is arranged next to the operating table 9 at the same height as the operating table 9. The flat detector 1 in turn comprises the display unit 3, which however is arranged in FIG. 13 on the side of the flat detector 1 facing the operating table 9. With the flat detector 1, on the upper side of which the display unit 3 and the operating unit 4 are fastened, a new operating concept for open 3D X-ray scanners can be realized. The kinematics of the flat detector 1 can - if an input of the surgeon or an operator is expected - so moved under the operating table 9 that the surgeon can use it as an input device. The operating unit 4 then points in the direction of the operating table 9 and is facing away from the floor 11.

The display property of the new flat detector 1 is - in contrast to the input property - available at any time. During an X-ray, an input is not technically possible, since the flat detector 1 moves below the operating table 9, but also not desirable because X-radiation impinges on the flat detector 1.

In FIG. 14, the operating table 9 with the robot arm 21 and the flat detector 1 is shown in a representation rotated by 90 ° with respect to FIG. The radiation source 13 is opposite to the flat detector 1 and is arranged to the right of the operating table 9, while the Fiachdetektor 1 is located on the left side of the operating table 9.

The display of the image data on external monitors can be omitted with the presented operating concept and thus help to make the operating room clearer. Furthermore, the navigation of medical image data can be simplified by the multi-touch operation or the illustrated interface 5 for non-contact operation. In particular, intra-operative imaging may be easier. Known and established gestures from the operation of smartphones can be adapted for the interface 5 and make it much easier for the surgeon to handle the receiving device 12.

In FIG. 15, in a view corresponding to FIG. 13, the operating table 9 with the robot arm 21 and the flat detector 1 is shown, the display unit 3 now pointing in the direction of the observer and thus facing away from the operating table 9. FIG. 16 shows, in a view corresponding to FIG. 14, the arrangement shown in FIG. The display unit 3 is directed away from the operating table 9, while the first surface 2, on which the X-radiation impinges, faces the operating table 9.

The flat detector 1 can also be designed to be movable, ie detached from the robot arm 21. The mobile flat-panel detector 1 with integrated display unit 3 makes it possible to adapt fluoroscopy, which is intuitive for physicians, to chemically generate fluoroscopy. In the adapted method, the film development time would be completely saved and the physician would see immediately after the irradiation where and how the patient was screened. An additional integrated control unit detector 4 may further provide functionality to manipulate the display of the captured x-ray image, e.g. by zooming or rendering effects.

For the detection of X-radiation, a miniature version of the flat detector 1 with rear-mounted display unit 3 is possible. The flat detector 1 may in this case have the operating unit 4, but need not. On the display unit 3, a color coded output in dependence of the registered radiation can take place. Such miniaturized flat-panel detectors 1 could e.g. be used for the investigation of scattered radiation of new devices or for visual radiation monitoring.

Only features disclosed in the embodiments of the various embodiments can be combined and claimed individually.

Claims

claims A radiation detector (1) for detecting a radiation (19), comprising a base body with a first surface (2) sensitive to the radiation (19) to be detected and a second surface opposite the first surface (2), characterized in that on the first Surface (2) and / or directly on the second surface, a display unit (3) for displaying an image generated by the detected radiation (19) is arranged, wherein the display unit (3), if on the first surface (2) is applied, is permeable to the radiation to be detected. Radiation detector (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the display unit (3) comprises a luminous film, wherein the luminous film preferably comprises an organic light-emitting diode or a light-emitting electrochemical cell. Radiation detector (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the radiation detector (1) comprises an operating unit (4), wherein the display unit (3) is arranged between the base body and the operating unit (4) or the operating unit (4). in addition to the display unit (3) is arranged on the base body, and wherein the operating unit (4) preferably comprises a multi-touch surface. Radiation detector (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radiation detector (1) is a flat detector. Radiation detector (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first surface (2) is designed to detect an ionizing radiation, preferably X-ray radiation. Radiation detector (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body and the display unit (3) within a housing (7) are arranged, wherein the housing (7) has an opening (8) for the display unit (3) and the first surface (2). Beam detector according to claim 6, characterized in that the display unit (3) is always located with its entire volume within the housing (7). Radiation detector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radiation detector comprises a separate power supply, preferably a battery or an accumulator. Radiation detector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second surface of the base body is sensitive to the radiation (19) to be detected. Beam detector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the display unit (3), if it is applied to the first surface (2), is arranged directly on the first surface (2). Recording device (12) for imaging a target volume and registering a scanning center (18) within the target volume, comprising the radiation detector (1) according to one of the preceding claims, a radiation source (13) for emitting radiation (19) and a computing unit (16) for calculating the image of the target volume and displaying the image on the display unit (3). Receiving device (12) according to claim 11, characterized in that the radiation source (13) and / or the radiation detector (1) are each attached to a movable arm (17, 21) and preferably an object to be imaged is mounted on a holder (9) , wherein the radiation detector (1) completely under the holder (9) is movable. Receiving device according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the radiation detector (1) is arranged on a C-arm, wherein preferably the radiation source (13) is also arranged on the C-arm. A method of mapping a target volume and determining a scan center (18) within the target volume, comprising the steps of: a) receiving an object to be examined by emitting radiation (19) from a radiation source (13) on the object to be examined and detecting the radiation by the radiation detector (1) with the display unit (3) and the control unit (4) according to one of preceding claims, wherein the radiation source (13) and the radiation detector (1) are arranged in a first relative position to each other; b) moving the radiation source (13) and / or the radiation detector (1) into a second relative position and resuming the object to be examined; c) displaying the captured image of the target volume on the display unit and selecting a region of interest of the image by the control unit (3) located on the radiation detector (1) and determining a scan center (18) centered in the target volume. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that a movement of the radiation detector (1) is measured and an inverse movement of the radiation detector (1) is transmitted to the image for spatially fixed fixing of the image.