WO2015051477A1 - Dredger actuated from land - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drag dredger for the removal and cleaning of sediment in bays, port entrances, navigable channels, docks, watercourses, lakes or reservoirs, which is provided with means for excavating, dragging and removing the bottom of the waterway and means for regulation and support, the driving force for which is provided from land, which facilitates extraction of sediments directly onto the land, immediately leaving a planar surface on the sea bed. The aforesaid is achieved by controlling the excavator means and very closely controlling the cutting depth, all in a shorter period of time and at lower cost. The dredger is characterized in that it is formed from a frame provided with a drag scoop (1) that can move vertically by means of the use of a hydraulic or mechanical mechanism (6), in order to control cutting (drag cutting angle), as well as comprising transverse (3) and longitudinal (2) beams with crow-foot chains (8) for dragging the dredger. In addition, coupled to said frame, are at least four leaktight runner means or systems (4) to allow dragging with a lower blade (9) at a cutting angle, said lower blade being located on the lower peripheral edge of the scoop (1). The leaktight runners (4) prevent the dredger from sinking into the bed or into the material to be extracted.

Description

 TITLE: "DRAGA ACCI ONADA FROM EARTH"

APPLICATION CAM

 The invention relates to a dredge for the extraction and cleaning of sediments in bays, access to ports, navigable channels, docks, watercourses, lakes or reservoirs, provided with means of excavation, dragging, removal of the bottom and means of regulation and of support, whose driving force (of said dredger), is exerted from land and not from a boat on the surface of the sea (water), as usually happens with existing dredgers according to the state of the art.

Dredges are the machines or vessels that are used for the dredging operation. Dredging is the operation of excavation and cleaning of sediments in watercourses, lakes, bays, access to ports, etc., to increase the tonnage of the vessels and their carrying capacity. The depth of a navigable canal or a river conditions the size of the boats that can navigate it.

The rivers and the swells drag sediments that are deposited in the bottom and bays or sites of calmer waters where the ports are built, decreasing the depth of the same and therefore the tonnage of the boats that access it. In order to improve water transport capacity, when the ports are bunked they must be dredged to increase or recover their original capacity. On the other hand, increasing the draft in these areas not only facilitates traffic maritime by them, but also reduces the risk to ships, avoiding stranding.

Depending on the bottom material that requires dredging, different types of dredges are used.

Dredging operations potentially have a significant environmental impact: at least alteration of the bottom of the bottom and the mud removed generates a lot of suspended solid that affects a large radius around the site. These environmental impacts must be timely and conveniently evaluated in order to take into consideration possible mitigation measures.

Among the types of dredges are the following: a) Bucket dredgers.

 They operate by means of a mobile arm that extracts the materials from the bottom.

b) Bucket dredgers:

 Small spoons extract the sedi mentos. c) Hydraulic suction dredges:

 They are used in soft terrain and are usually coupled to a floating pipe through which the materials are carried to the shore.

With regard to the state of the art for dredgers in general, we can cite the patent ES 471 .035, which refers to a dredger carrying a floating body, an arm that extends forward and that carries, in its previous end, a useful disgregator, said arm being pivoted at its rear end on the floating body, in order to be able to adopt a more or less submerged working position and a raised rest position, means of suspension of the arm to regulate its position, in which the The arm is provided in two parts, of which the first is mounted pivoting at its rear end about a horizontal axis on the front end of said first arm part, while the second part of the arm is movably mounted on said platform, characterized because, on the one hand, means are provided to maintain the horizontal platform and, on the other hand, the mobile assembly of the second arm part on said platform consists of a pivoting assembly about a vertical axis.

Another patent of invention, is the ES 2.099.244, which refers to a dredge provided with at least one tube (5) adjustable at an arbitrary angle, containing a scarifying tape (6) for the excavation of dregs and other light sediments, characterized in that the scarifying belt (6) extends to the lowest part of said tube (5), whose lower part of the tube (5) ends in a scarifying blade (9 ") so that the sludge and other light sediments can be transported along said tube (5).

Problem of the technique that solves the invention.

In order to reduce operating costs, a large part of the work and in particular the greater motive power to operate the dredger is installed on land and not in the sea (water) as it usually happens in existing dredgers in the state of the art. To improve the ability to regulate the penetration of the blade corresponding to the dredger of the invention, it is equipped with wide skids so that they do not sink into soft material, which by means of a regulation mechanism allow a greater or less angle of attack to the sediments From the bottom.

 The skids are additionally equipped with air chambers similar to those of the submarines, which allow to limit an exact regulation of the pressure that is desired to exert on the sediments.

 These air chambers also allow a minimum of motive force to be required to move the dredger blade, without sediment, both when carried backwards and when transported.

 To mitigate the suspended solids, which produce a great impact on the macro and microscopic flora and fauna in a wide radius around the site, increased by the effects of currents and / or swells, a suction pump is added on the blade. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 To understand more easily the conformation and technical characteristics of the dredger of the invention, we will describe it in part to the drawings that are an integral part, without this meaning limiting it or obvious modifications that could arise, where:

 Fig. 1 shows an isometric view of the dredger of the invention.

Figure 2 shows a view in lateral elevation of the dredger of the invention. Figure 3 shows a front elevational view of the dredger of the invention.

 Fig. 4 shows a top plan view of the dredger of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With reference to Figures 1 to 4, the invention for a dredge with sediment dragging system or the like, is provided with a drag shovel (1) with vertical movement by the use of a hydraulic or mechanical mechanism (6), to regulate the cut (angle of attack of drag), has been created for the sweeping or dragging and extraction of material under water or dredging. Said shovel (1) is driven (or dragged) by two huinches anchored by chains (not illustrated) at a suitable distance to the surface to be dredged; they are connected to a chain in crow's feet (8) that takes the dredge from long-girder beams (2) corresponding to the frame of the dredger, which has coupled at least four systems or means of watertight skids (4), to be dragged with an angle of attack of a lower blade (9) located on the lower perimeter edge of the dredge, as a means of not sinking into the bottom or material to be extracted. As the sediment material to be extracted may be soft, the wide surface of said skates (4) covers a large contact area so that it does not sink therein. These skids (4) being watertight can be flooded inside to make them more ballast or emptied, so that they have buoyancy and that helps to lighten the weight of the entire structure or frame of the dredger, said frame has the peculiarity that its frame It is removable, for its transport that is why part of its beams (2) are bolted. A graduated ruler is used on the structure to control the progress of dredging, when the requested depth is less than six meters. A huinche is mounted on beams skids to be moved according to the advance, by an excavating machine and is positioned by topography to maintain a dredging line, it becomes firm even anchor port on the beach. Another huhe (not illustrated) is in the boat offshore, which is anchored and is in charge of returning the shovel (1) to the point where it begins to remove the material, this huin does not need much power but faster to position the dredger at its starting point. This is because the material is not being cut, or the steel blade has been lightened (9) by removing weight or giving it buoyancy through compressed air tanks.

The blade itself (1) has a semi-cylindrical longitudinal configuration with side walls (1 a), which allows you to turn the material and dragging it in a circular way as it advances, in the lower perimeter of the blade (1) , is provided with a blade of hard steel (9), with spare nails bolted, for possible hard material that the blade (9) can not remove, then breaks and advances accumulating the material in the blade ().

The frame of the dredge where the shovel (1) is mounted is formed by a body of general rectangular configuration, provided with two lateral longitudinal beams (2), of transverse configuration in the form of Ί ", for the longitudinal zone and three transversal beams of transversal configuration in the form of "H" (3), which are positioned one at each end and a third beam (5) located behind the blade (1) where adjustable support supports go, which help to avoid deformation of the blade (1), all this is fixed by bolts. It has an upper arch (5b) that serves to move the blade (1) vertically. Immediately under this upper arch (5b) carries a grooved support in vertical form (6) where a pivot shaft is inserted which allows to adjust the cutting height of the blade (1), and once regulated, is fixed by bolts pins.

The runners (4), are four prismatic support structures, located inside the vertices where the longitudinal beams (2) and extreme transverse beams (3) are, said runners (4) prevent the blade (1) from sinking in the substrate to be fractioned, because to be watertight and of a certain volume, have the ability to invade or stay full of air, which allows to regulate the weight of the dredge machine. This is achieved by the introduction of compressed air through a valve (not shown), which extracts the water by injecting air under pressure, leaving it for a second valve (not used), then these valves are closed regulated the depth of cut.

On the coast of the country, dredging of the seabed is being used very frequently to increase the draft for the larger ships. The machines existing in the dredging of the surface leaves an uneven background and there is no way to get material out and the bottom to go staying even. Leaving the fund evenly would imply a very high additional cost.

Excavators are also used above barges, but it is a risky operation due to the stability of the pontoon (boat) and the dimensions of the excavation.

With this new dredging machine of the invention, it is easier to take the material directly to the ground and immediately leave a smooth surface on the seabed; This is because it can regulate the depth of cut very closely because the height of the blade can be regulated and doing all of this is less time and cost, besides generating a low environmental impact. Diagram and parts of the dredger:

 1: drag shovel.

 2: vertical beam.

 3: cross beam.

 4: skates.

5: reinforcement beams.

 6: arch shovel adjustment support,

 8: chain in houndstooth.

 9: blade.

Claims

REIVI NDICACIES 1 .- Trawl dredger, for the extraction and cleaning of sediments in bays, access to ports, navigable canals, docks, water courses, lakes or reservoirs, provided with means of excavation, dragging, removal of the bottom and means regulation and support, whose driving force is exerted from land and not from a boat on the surface of the water, which facilitates easier extraction of the sediments directly to the ground and immediately leaving a smooth surface on the seabed; This is due to the regulation of the excavator and very roughly the depth of cut and all this in a shorter time and cost, besides generating a low environmental impact, CHARACTERIZED because it is made up of a frame, equipped with a drag shovel. (1) with vertical movement through the use of a hydraulic or mechanical mechanism (6), to regulate the cut (angle of attack of drag), as well has transverse beams (3) longitudinal (2), which have chains in houndstooth (8) for the dragging of the dredger, in addition, said frame has coupled at least four systems or means of watertight pads (4), to be dragged with an angle of attack of a lower blade (9) located in the bottom perimetral edge of the blade (1), said watertight pads (4) are the means for not sinking into the bottom or material to be extracted; as the sediment material to be extracted can be soft, the wide surface of said skids (4) covers a large contact area so that it does not sink therein. 2. - Dragging dredger, for the extraction and cleaning of sediments, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the skids (4) being watertight can be flooded inside to make them more ballast or emptied, so that they have buoyancy and that helps to lighten the weight of the entire structure or frame of the dredger, the frame has the particularity that its frame is removable, for transport that is why part of its beams (2) are bolted. 3. - Dragging dredger, for the extraction and cleaning of sediments, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because on the frame carries a graduated rule used to control the progress of dredging, when the requested depth is less than six meters.  4. - Dragging dredger, for the extraction and cleaning of sediments, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the blade (1) has a longitudinal semicylindrical configuration with walls (1 a), which allows it to go rolling the material and dragging it in circular shape as it progresses, in the lower perimeter zone of the blade (1), whose blade of hard steel (9), presents a kind of bolt replacement nails, for possible hard material that the blade (9) can not remove, then break and advance accumulating the material in the blade (1). 5. Dragging dredger, for the extraction and cleaning of sediments, according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame of the dredge where the blade (1) is mounted is formed by a body of general rectangular configuration, provided with two beams lateral lengths (2), of transverse configuration in the form of Ί ", for the longitudinal zone and three transverse beams of transversal configuration in the form of" H "(3), which are positioned one at each end and a third beam (5) located behind the blade ( 1) where there are adjustable support supports, which help to avoid the deformation of the blade (1), all this is fixed by means of bolts, in addition, it has an upper arch (5b) that serves to move the blade (1) vertically and immediately under this upper arch (5b) carries a grooved support in vertical form (6) where a pivot shaft is inserted which allows to adjust the cutting height of the blade (1), and once regulated, fixed by bolts pins. 6.- Dragging dredger, for the extraction and cleaning of sediments, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the runners (4), are four prismatic support structures, located inside the vertices where the longitudinal beams are joined (2) and transverse extremes (3), said runners (4) prevent the blade (1) from sinking into the substrate when being pulled, since being watertight and of a certain volume, they have the capacity to be flooded or kept full of air, what allows to regulate the weight of the dredge machine; this is achieved by the entry of compressed air through a valve (not shown), which extracts the water by injection of air under pressure, leaving it through a second valve (not shown), then these valves close once regulated the depth of cut.