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WO2014205598A1 - 一种小盐芥高亲和钾离子转运蛋白hkt1及其编码基因与应用 - Google Patents

一种小盐芥高亲和钾离子转运蛋白hkt1及其编码基因与应用 Download PDF

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WO2014205598A1
WO2014205598A1 PCT/CN2013/000751 CN2013000751W WO2014205598A1 WO 2014205598 A1 WO2014205598 A1 WO 2014205598A1 CN 2013000751 W CN2013000751 W CN 2013000751W WO 2014205598 A1 WO2014205598 A1 WO 2014205598A1
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plant
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gene
expression vector
pcr
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王建胜
田大翠
何云蔚
陈淼
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BIOCENTURY TRANSGENE (CHINA) Co Ltd
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BIOCENTURY TRANSGENE (CHINA) Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/415Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/82Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
    • C12N15/8241Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
    • C12N15/8261Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
    • C12N15/8271Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
    • C12N15/8273Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance for drought, cold, salt resistance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to plant proteins and their encoding genes and applications, and more particularly to a high affinity potassium ion transporter HKT1 derived from small salt mustard and a gene encoding the same, and in the cultivation of transgenic plants having improved salt tolerance application.
  • Salt stress is one of the most important abiotic stress hazards in agricultural production in the world. Salted soil is usually dominated by sodium salt, calcium salt or magnesium salt, and is a major factor affecting plant growth and causing food and economic crop yield reduction. The world's saline-alkali soil covers an area of about 400 million hectares, accounting for one-third of the irrigated farmland.
  • Saline-alkali land is widely distributed in China, and the existing saline-alkali land area is about 0.4 billion hectares. With the increase of population in China and the reduction of cultivated land, the development and utilization of saline-alkali resources has extremely important practical significance.
  • the selection of plant resistance to salt and alkali, drought-tolerant ability and plant species or strains suitable for growth on saline-alkali land with high economic and ecological value is an economical and effective measure to utilize saline-alkali land. For most crops, most plants are poorly tolerant to saline and alkali, and can only grow on soil with a sodium chloride content of 0.3% or less. Excess Na + in the soil will be normal to the plant. Growth metabolism produces toxic effects. Therefore, how to increase crop yield in a salted environment has become a very important issue in agricultural production worldwide.
  • the salt tolerance of plants is a very complex quantitative trait, and its salt tolerance mechanism involves various levels from plants to organs, tissues, physiology and biochemistry to molecules.
  • scientists from various countries have also done a lot of work for this purpose, and have made a lot of new progress, especially in the use of the model plant Arabidopsis to study the salt-tolerant molecular mechanism of plants, which has made a breakthrough in the research in this field (Zhu JK. 2002. Salt and drought stress singal transduction in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 53 : 1247-1273; Zhang ZL. 2011.
  • HKT1 high-affinity potassium ion transporter
  • SSH suppression subtractive hybridization
  • RACE rapid amplification of cDNA ends
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a gene encoding a high affinity potassium ion transporter HKT1 of small salt mustard (herein named 73 ⁇ 4U7) having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a recombinant expression vector comprising the gene of the first aspect of the present invention, which is obtained by inserting the gene into an expression vector, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene
  • the expression control sequence of the recombinant expression vector is operably linked; preferably, the expression vector is pCAMBIA2300 ; preferably, the recombinant expression vector is the 35S-ThHKT1-2300 vector shown in Figure 2.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides a recombinant cell comprising the gene of the first aspect of the invention or the recombinant expression vector of the second aspect of the invention; preferably, the recombinant cell is a recombinant Agrobacterium cell.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides a method for improving salt tolerance of a plant, comprising: introducing the gene of the first aspect of the invention or the recombinant expression vector of the second aspect of the invention into a plant or plant tissue and expressing the gene
  • the plant is Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention provides a method for producing a transgenic plant, comprising: cultivating a plant or plant tissue comprising the gene of the first aspect of the invention or the recombinant expression vector of the second aspect of the invention under conditions effective to produce a plant
  • the plant is Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention provides the gene according to the first aspect of the present invention, the recombinant expression vector of the second aspect of the present invention or the recombinant cell of the third aspect of the present invention for improving salt tolerance of a plant and for use in plant breeding Use;
  • the plant is Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • the seventh aspect of the invention provides the protein encoded by the gene of the first aspect of the invention, the amino acid sequence of which is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • Figure 1 shows the construction of the plant expression vector (35S-ThHKTl-2300) of the 73 ⁇ 4U7 gene (Fig. la-lb).
  • Figure 2 is a plasmid map of the plant expression vector (35S-ThHKTl-2300) of the 73 ⁇ 4U7 gene.
  • Fig. 3 shows the salt tolerance test results of the T1 generation Arabidopsis thaliana plants transformed with the ThHKT1 gene, and Tle5 showed significant salt tolerance, and the results of TlelO and Tlel9 were similar thereto, which are not shown here.
  • Figure 4 shows the results of molecular level detection of the transcription level of ThHKT1 gene in 1 ⁇ generation transgenic Arabidopsis plants and non-transgenic control plants by reverse transcription PCR.
  • M is DNA Ladder Marker ( DL2000 )
  • 1-8 is salt-tolerant T1 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants (Tle5, TlelO, Tlel9, respectively)
  • 9 is 35S-ThHKTl-2300 plasmid PCR positive control
  • 10- 13 is a non-transgenic control Arabidopsis plant.
  • Small salt mustard (TheUungieUa halophila, purchased from the Yanlan Plant Breeding Center of Ulan Buh and Desert Green Botanical Garden, Bayannao, Inner Mongolia, China) Seeded onto sterilized vermiculite, at 22 ° C, photoperiod 12 hours light / 12 hours dark (Light intensity 3000-4000 Lx) culture, 1/2MS liquid medium per week (containing 9.39 mM KN0 3 , 0.625 mM KH 2 P0 4 , 10.3 mM NH4NO3 , 0.75 mM MgS0 4 , 1.5 mM CaCl 2 , 50 ⁇ KI, 100 ⁇ H 3 B0 3 , 100 ⁇ MnS0 4 , 30 ⁇ ZnS0 4 , 1 ⁇ Na 2 Mo0 4 , 0.1 M CoCl 2 , 100 ⁇ Na 2 EDTA, 100 ⁇ FeS0 4 )-time. It was used for experiments when the seedlings reached a diameter of 5-6 cm.
  • the test plants were divided into 2 groups, 4 pots per group and 3 plants per pot.
  • the first group was the control group, which was normally watered with 1/2 MS liquid medium; the second group was the salt treatment group, and 1/2 MS liquid medium containing 300 mM NaCl was poured.
  • the culture was treated for 10 days, and then two groups of plants were collected in time (the roots were washed with steamed water), rapidly frozen with liquid nitrogen, and stored in a refrigerator at -70 °C.
  • the absorbance of total RNA at 260 nm and 280 nm, OD 26 was determined using a HITACHI UV spectrophotometer U-2001. /OD 28 .
  • the ratio of 1.8-2.0 indicates that the total RNA purity is high.
  • the integrity of total RNA is detected by 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis.
  • the brightness of the 28S band is about twice that of the 18S band, indicating that the RNA integrity is good.
  • Two tester cDNAs with different adaptors were mixed with excess Driver cDNA for the first forward subtractive hybridization.
  • the products of the two first forward subtractive hybridizations were mixed, and a second forward subtractive hybridization was performed with the newly denatured Driver cDNA, and the differentially expressed genes were amplified by two inhibitory PCR amplifications (PCR). Before, the second forward subtractive hybridization product is end-filled).
  • the second inhibitory PCR amplification product of the second forward subtractive hybridization cDNA fragment (purified using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit, purchased from Qiagen) according to the instructions of the pGEM-T Easy kit (purchased from Promega)
  • the specific steps are linked to the pGEM-T Easy vector: The following components are sequentially added to the 200 ⁇ PCR tube: Purified combined positive subtractive hybridization cDNA fragment second inhibitory PCR product 3 ⁇ 1, 2xT4 DNA ligation Enzyme buffer 5 ⁇ 1, pGEM-T Easy vector 1 ⁇ 1, ⁇ 4 DNA ligase 1 ⁇ l, and ligated overnight at 4 °C.
  • E. coli JM109 competent cells purchased from TAKARA
  • ice bath for 30 minutes heat shock for 60 seconds
  • ice bath for 2 minutes heat shock for 60 seconds
  • 250 ⁇ liquid medium containing 1% tryptone (Tryptone, purchased from OXOID), 0.5% yeast extract (Yeast Extract, purchased from OXOID) and P 1% NaCl (purchased from Sinopharm) were placed in a shaker at 37 °C and oscillated at 225 rpm.
  • the white colonies picked were inoculated into LB liquid medium (same as above) containing 50 g/ml ampicillin in a 96-well cell culture plate (CORNING), and incubated at 37 ° C overnight to add glycerin to a final concentration of 20 glycerol. % (volume ratio), then stored at -80 ° C for later use.
  • the nested PCR primers Primer 1 and Primer 2R (PCR-selectTM cDNA Subtraction Kit from Clontech) were used to perform PCR amplification on the cultured cells, and 342 positive clones were obtained, and then all positive clones were sent.
  • Yingjie Jieji (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. was sequenced.
  • ThHKTl GSP1 SEQ ID No: 4: ATTTACTCTC CGTTCGCCTT TG
  • ThHKTl GSP2 SEQ ID No : 5:
  • the experimental procedure was performed according to the kit instructions (3' RACE System for Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends kit purchased from Invitrogen).
  • the first round of PCR amplification was carried out using SEQ ID NO: 4 and the universal primer AUAP (provided with the kit), and the cDNA obtained by reverse transcription of the mRNA extracted from the salt-treated group was used as a template. Specific steps are as follows:
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 1 minute), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the obtained PCR product was diluted 50 times with double distilled water, and 2.0 ⁇ L was used as a template, and the second round of PCR amplification was carried out by using SEQ ID NO: 5 and the universal primer AUAP.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 1 minute), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • a strip of about 700 bp in the second round of PCR product was recovered (Gel Extraction Kit was purchased from OMEGA), and ligated into pGEM-T Easy vector, and then transformed into E. coli JM109 competent cells (the method is the same as above)
  • the transformed bacterial solution was applied to LB solid medium containing 50 g/mL ampicillin and 40 ⁇ g mL X-gaK 24 g/mL IPTG for screening.
  • Ten white colonies were randomly picked and inoculated into LB liquid medium containing 50 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 ampicillin, and cultured overnight at 37 ° C, glycerin was added to a final concentration of glycerol of 20% (volume ratio), and stored at -80 ° C. spare.
  • ThHKTl GSP3 SEQ ID No : 6:
  • ThHKTl GSP4 SEQ ID No : 7: ACAGCTGTGA AGACCGAGAA GG
  • ThHKTl GSP5 SEQ ID No : 8:
  • the experimental procedure was performed according to the kit instructions (5 'RACE System for Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends kit purchased from Invitrogen).
  • PCR reaction system 5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Buffer 3 ⁇ 1 2.5 mM dNTP, 2.0 ⁇ 1 cDNA, 1.0 ⁇ 1 Ex Taq (purchased from TAKARA), 10 ⁇ M primer SEQ ID NO: 7 and P AAP each with 2.0 ⁇ l and 35 ⁇ l of double distilled water.
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 55 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 1 minute), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the obtained PCR product was diluted 50 times with double distilled water, and 2.0 ⁇ ⁇ was used as a template, and the second round of PCR amplification was carried out using SEQ ID NO: 8 and the primer AUAP.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • PCR reaction system 5 ⁇ 1 lO X Ex Buffer 3 ⁇ 1 2.5 mM dNTP, 2.0 ⁇ l diluted first round PCR product, 1.0 ⁇ 1 Ex Taq 10 ⁇ M primer SEQ ID NO: 8 and P AUAP Each of 2.0 ⁇ 1 and 35 ⁇ l of double distilled water.
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 1 minute), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • a band of about 600 bp in the second round of PCR product (Gel Extraction Kit from OMEGA) was recovered and ligated into pGEM-T Easy vector, and then transformed into E. coli JM109 competent cells (the specific method is the same as above)
  • the transformed bacterial solution was applied to LB solid medium containing 50 ⁇ l of ampicillin and 40 ⁇ g of mL X-gaK 24 g/mL IPTG for screening.
  • Ten white colonies were randomly picked and inoculated in LB liquid medium containing 50 g/ml ampicillin. After incubation at 37 ° C overnight, glycerol was added to a final concentration of glycerol of 20% (volume ratio), and stored at -80 ° C. .
  • ThHKT1 full-length coding gene was cloned by SEQ ID NO: 10 and SEQ ID NO: 11.
  • the PCR reaction was carried out using the cDNA of the above-mentioned small salt mustard using the PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase of TAKARA as a template.
  • 50 ⁇ PCR reaction system 10 ⁇ 5xPS Buffer 3 ⁇ 2.5 mM dNTP, 2.0 ⁇ cDNA, 1.0 ⁇ PrimeSTARHS DNA polymerase, 10 ⁇ of primers SEQ ID NO: 10 and P SEQ ID NO:
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 2 minutes), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • PCR amplification product plus A tail 2.5 times the volume of absolute ethanol was added to the PCR product, placed at -20 ° C for 10 minutes, centrifuged, the supernatant was removed, air-dried, and the resulting precipitate was dissolved in 21 ⁇ l of double distilled water. Then, 2.5 ⁇ ⁇ Buffer 0.5 ⁇ 5 mM dATP, 1.0 lExTaq was added thereto. Reaction conditions: The reaction was carried out at 70 ° C for 30 minutes. The obtained 1600 bp DNA fragment was recovered (Omega recovery kit), and ligated into the pGEM T-easy vector to obtain a ThHKT1-pGEM plasmid, and then the ligated product was transformed into E.
  • coli JM109 competent cells (method as above) The transformed bacterial solution was applied to LB solid medium containing 50 g/mL ampicillin, 40 g/mL X-gal, and 24 g/mL IPTG for screening. 10 white colonies were randomly picked and inoculated in LB liquid medium containing 50 g/ml ampicillin. After incubation at 37 ° C overnight, glycerol was added to a final concentration of glycerol of 20% (volume ratio), and stored at -80 ° C. .
  • the plant binary expression vector pCAMBIA2300 (purchased from Beijing Dingguo Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) was selected as a plant expression vector, and the 35S promoter containing the double enhancer of the ⁇ gene was replaced with the Pnos promoter to reduce the expression of prion protein in plants. .
  • the 35S promoter and the Tnos terminator were selected as promoters and terminators of the ThHKT1 gene, respectively.
  • the construction flow chart is shown in Figure 1.
  • Pnos was amplified using the plant expression vector pBI121 plasmid (purchased from Beijing Huaxia Ocean Technology Co., Ltd.) using TAKARA's PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase. 50 ⁇ PCR reaction system: 10 ⁇ 5 xPS Buffer 3 ⁇ 2.5 mM dNTP, 1.0 ⁇ pBI121 plasmid, 1.0 ⁇ PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase, 10 ⁇ primers SEQ ID NO: 12 and SEQ ID NO: 13 each 2.0 ⁇ and 31 ⁇ of double distilled water.
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 56 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 30 seconds), and extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the resulting PCR product was digested with EcoRI, Bglll, and ligated into pCAMBIA2300 according to the kit instructions (Promega, T4 ligase kit) to obtain pCAMBIA2300-1.
  • Tnos was amplified using the primers SEQ ID NO: 14 and SEQ ID NO: 15 using the pBI121 plasmid as a template, and TAKARA's PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase was used.
  • 50 ⁇ PCR reaction system 10 ⁇ 5 xPS Buffer 3 ⁇ 2.5 mM dNTP, 1.0 ⁇ pBI121 plasmid, 1.0 ⁇ PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase, 10 ⁇ primers SEQ ID NO: 14 and SEQ ID NO: 15 each 2.0 ⁇ and 31 ⁇ of double distilled water.
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 30 seconds), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the resulting PCR product was ligated by Sac I, EcoR I (Promega T4 ligase kit) to pCAMBIA2300-1 to obtain pCAMBIA2300-2.
  • TCAGAATTCCCAGTGAATTCCCGATCTAGTA The 35S promoter was amplified using the primers SEQ ID NO: 16 and SEQ ID NO: 17 with the pCAMBIA2300 plasmid as a template. TAKARA's PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase was used. 50 ⁇ PCR reaction system: 10 ⁇ 5 PS Buffer 3 ⁇ 2.5 mM dNTP, 1.0 ⁇ pCAMBIA 2300 plasmid, 1.0 ⁇ PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase, 10 ⁇ primers SEQ ID NO: 16 and SEQ ID NO: 17 each 2.0 ⁇ and 31 ⁇ double distilled water.
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 30 seconds), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the resulting PCR product was ligated by Hind III, Pst I digestion (ligation method as above) to pCAMBIA2300-2 to obtain pCAMBIA2300-3.
  • TGACTGCAGAGAGATAGATTTGTAGAGAGACT The full-length sequence of the 73 ⁇ 4U7-encoding gene was amplified with primers SEQ ID NO: 18 and SEQ ID NO: 19 (the template was the positive ThHKT1-pGEM plasmid obtained in Example 2) using TAKARA's PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase. 50 ⁇ PCR reaction system: 10 ⁇ 5 xPS Buffer 3 ⁇ 2.5 mM dNTP, 1.0 ⁇ ThHKTl-pGEM plasmid, 1.0 ⁇ PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase, 10 ⁇ primers SEQ ID NO: 18 and SEQ ID NO: 19 each 2.0 ⁇ and 31 ⁇ double distilled water.
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 °C for 5 minutes, 33 cycles (denaturation at 94 °C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 °C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 °C for 2 minutes), extension at 72 °C for 10 minutes.
  • the obtained PCR product was ligated by Pstl and Sad (connection method as above) to pCAMBIA2300-3, and the plant expression vector 35S-ThHKTl-2300 was obtained after verification (Fig. 2).
  • Agrobacterium LBA4404 (purchased from Biovector Science Lab, Inc) Preparation of Competent Cells: Agrobacterium LBA4404 was spotted on LB solid medium containing 50 g/ml rifampicin and 50 g/ml streptomycin, 28 Incubate at °C for 1 to 2 days. Single colonies were picked and inoculated into 5 ml of LB liquid medium containing 50 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 rifampicin and 50 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 streptomycin, and cultured overnight (about 12-16 hours) to OD 6 at 28 °C with shaking. . A value of 0.4 forms a seed broth.
  • Transformation of Agrobacterium The LBA4404 competent cells were thawed on ice, and 1 ⁇ M of the plasmid 35S-ThHKTl-2300 obtained in Example 3 was added to 40 ⁇ M of the competent cells, and the mixture was mixed and ice bathed for about 10 minutes. Transfer the mixture of competent cells after ice bath and 35S-ThHKTl-2300 plasmid to a ice-cold 0.1 cm size electric shock cup (purchased from Bio-Rad) with a micropipette, tapping to bring the suspension to electric shock The bottom of the cup (be careful not to have bubbles). Place the electric shock cup on the slide of the electric shock chamber, and push the slide to place the electric shock cup to the base electrode of the electric shock chamber.
  • a ice-cold 0.1 cm size electric shock cup purchased from Bio-Rad
  • the LBA4404 Agrobacterium liquid of the transformed 35S-ThHKTl-2300 expression vector obtained in Example 4 was inoculated to an LB liquid medium containing 50 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 kanamycin (kan), and the next morning, 1 was pressed. :50 The cells were inoculated to a new LB medium (1 L) containing 50 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 kanamycin and cultured for about 8 hours to Agrobacterium OD 6 . . Between 1.0 and 1.2.
  • Seed disinfection Soak for 10 minutes with 70% ethanol, and occasionally suspend the seeds; then wash with sterile water four times, and occasionally suspend the seeds. Then, the treated seeds were uniformly coated on the surface of 1/2MS solid screening medium containing 50 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 kanamycin (a maximum of 1500 seeds were seeded in a 150 mm diameter plate), and vernalized at 4 °C. After 2 days, it was cultured for 7-10 days at a constant temperature of 22 ° C, an illumination intensity of 3500-4000 k, and a photoperiod of 12 hours of darkness/12 hours of light. After germination of the transgenic seeds on the screening medium for 2 weeks, the plants capable of germination and normal growth were transferred to soil for further cultivation.
  • Example 9 Salt tolerance test of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana T1 plants overexpressing ThHKT1
  • transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and control Arabidopsis thaliana each retained a pot of plants without treatment, and normal watering of 1/2 MS liquid medium, while simultaneously One pot of each plant was irrigated with 1/2 MS liquid medium containing 150 mM NaCl at a constant temperature of 22 ° C, light intensity of 3500-4000 k, 12 hours light culture / 12 hours dark culture cycle, and the results were observed after 14 days.
  • the salt tolerance of T1 transgenic plants plants grown from seeds of TO transgenic plants
  • the results of Tlel0 and Tlel9 are similar, not shown here).
  • Example 10 Verification of the expression of ThHKT1 gene at the transcriptional level
  • T1 transgenic plants resistant to salt in Example 9 were randomly selected (three salt-tolerant strains belonging to the above Tle5, TlelO and Tlel9, respectively), and the control plants in Example 9 were randomly selected from 4 plants. (150 mM NaCl) 0.05 g of leaves were treated for 14 days, and total RNA was extracted using a plant RNA extraction kit (Invitrogen). The absorbance values of total RNA obtained at 260 nm and 280 nm were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the respective RNA concentrations were calculated.
  • Reverse transcription was carried out according to the method shown by Invitrogen reverse transcription assay Ubox Superscript III Reverse Transcriptase, and 1 total RNA was used as a template, and the reverse transcription primer was SEQ ID NO: 11.
  • the ThHKT1 fragment was amplified using primers SEQ ID NO: 10 and SEQ ID NO: 20, and its transcription was examined.
  • PCR was carried out using TAKARA's PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase using the cDNA obtained by the above reverse transcription as a template.
  • 50 ⁇ l ⁇ Reaction system 10 ⁇ 5 > ⁇ PS Buffer, 3 ⁇ 2.5 mM dNTP, 2.0 ⁇ cDNA, 1.0 ⁇ PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase, 10 ⁇ primer SEQ ID NO: 10 and P SEQ ID NO: 20 2.0 ⁇ l, and 30 ⁇ double distilled water.
  • PCR reaction conditions pre-denaturation at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, 32 cycles (denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 1 minute), extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • M is the DNA Ladder Marker (DL2000, purchased from Shenzhen Ruizhen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and 1-8 is the salt-tolerant T1 transgenic Arabidopsis plants (Tle5, Tlel0, Tlel9, respectively). Three strains), 9 is the 35S-ThHKTl-2300 plasmid PCR positive control, and 10-13 is the non-transgenic control Arabidopsis plant. The size of the band shown is the same as the size of the positive control (approximately 700 bp). The results showed that 73 ⁇ 4U7 of the salt-tolerant T1 transgenic Arabidopsis plants were significantly transcribed, and there was no transcription of ThHKT1 in non-transgenic control Arabidopsis plants.
  • SEQ ID NO: 20 GCCAGAGAAG ACCCGAGTTC TT

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Abstract

本发明公开了来源于小盐芥的高亲和钾离子转运蛋白HKT1及其编码基因,以及其在培育耐盐性提高的转基因植物中的应用。

Description

一种小盐芥高亲和钾离子转运蛋白 HKT1及其编码基因与应用
技术领域 本发明涉及植物蛋白及其编码基因与应用, 特别是涉及一个来源于小盐芥的高亲 和钾离子转运蛋白 HKT1及其编码基因, 以及其在培育耐盐性提高的转基因植物中的 应用。 背景技术 盐胁迫是世界农业生产最重要的非生物逆境危害之一, 盐渍土壤通常以钠盐、 钙 盐或镁盐为主, 成为影响植物生长、 导致粮食和经济作物减产的主要因素。 世界上盐 碱土的面积约有 4亿公顷, 占灌溉农田的 1/3。 盐碱地在中国分布广泛, 现有盐碱地面 积约 0.4亿公顷。 随着我国人口增加, 耕地减少, 盐碱地资源的开发利用有着极其重要 的现实意义。 而植物抗盐碱、 耐干旱能力的提高和适宜在盐碱地上生长并具有较高经 济和生态价值的植物种或品系的选育, 则是利用盐碱地经济、 有效的措施。 对绝大多 数农作物来说, 大多数植物对盐碱、 干旱的耐受性差, 只能生长在氯化钠含量为 0.3% 以下的土壤上, 土壤中过量的 Na+会对植物体的正常的生长代谢产生毒害作用。 因此 如何在盐渍环境下提高作物产量就成为全世界农业生产中十分重要的问题。
植物的耐盐性是一个十分复杂的数量性状,其耐盐机制涉及从植株到器官、组织、 生理生化直至分子的各个水平。 各国的科学家也为此做了大量的工作, 并取得了很多 新进展, 特别在利用模式植物拟南芥来研究植物的耐盐分子机理方面, 使该领域的研 究有了突破性的进展 (Zhu JK. 2002. Salt and drought stress singal transduction in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 53 : 1247-1273; Zhang ZL. 2011. Arabidopsis Floral Initiator SKB1 Confers High Salt Tolerance by Regulating Transcription and Pre-mRNA Splicing through Altering Histone H4R3 and Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein LSM4 Methylation. Plant Cell, 23 : 396-411 ) 。 高等植物细胞可通过多种途径感受外界环境中物化参数的变化, 从而将胞外的信号传递到胞内信号, 通过系列的信号传导最后将胁迫信号传递至细胞 核内激活转录因子。 被激活的转录因子再作用于功能基因, 启动逆境应答基因的表达 从而提高植物的耐逆性。 尽管研究者已从不同侧面开展了大量研究, 但由于其机制十 分复杂, 植物抗盐中的许多重要问题仍有待探索。 例如, 植物抗盐的关键因子仍未找 到; 植物耐盐的分子机制并不十分清楚。 发明内容
本发明人利用 SSH (抑制差减杂交) 与 RACE ( cDNA末端快速扩增) 相结合的 方法克隆了小盐芥的一个高亲和钾离子转运蛋白 (本文命名为 HKT1 ) 的编码基因, 并测定了其 DNA序列。 并且发现通过转基因技术将其导入植株并使其表达后, 可显 著改善转基因植株的耐盐性, 而且这些性状可稳定遗传。
本发明第一方面提供小盐芥的一个高亲和钾离子转运蛋白 HKT1的编码基因 (本 文命名为 7¾U7 ) , 其序列为 SEQ ID NO: 2。
本发明第二方面提供一种重组表达载体, 其含有本发明第一方面所述的基因, 其是通过将所述基因插入到一种表达载体而获得的, 并且所述基因的核苷酸序列与 所述重组表达载体的表达控制序列可操作地连接; 优选地, 所述表达载体是 pCAMBIA2300; 优选地, 所述重组表达载体为附图 2 所示的 35S-ThHKTl-2300 载 体。
本发明第三方面提供一种重组细胞, 其含有本发明第一方面所述的基因或者本 发明第二方面所述的重组表达载体; 优选地, 所述重组细胞为重组农杆菌细胞。
本发明第四方面提供一种改善植物耐盐性的方法, 包括: 将本发明第一方面所 述基因或者本发明第二方面所述的重组表达载体导入植物或植物组织并使所述基因 表达; 优选地, 所述植物是拟南芥。
本发明第五方面提供一种制备转基因植物的方法, 包括: 在有效产生植物的条 件下培养含有本发明第一方面所述基因或者本发明第二方面所述的重组表达载体的 植物或植物组织; 优选地, 所述植物是拟南芥。
本发明第六方面提供本发明第一方面所述的基因、 本发明第二方面所述的重组 表达载体或者本发明第三方面所述的重组细胞用于改善植物耐盐性以及用于植物育 种的用途; 优选地, 所述植物是拟南芥。
本发明第七方面提供由本发明第一方面所述的基因编码的蛋白质, 其氨基酸序 列如 SEQ ID NO: 1所示。 附图说明
图 1是 7¾U7基因的植物表达载体 (35S-ThHKTl-2300) 构建流程 (图 la-lb) 。 图 2是 7¾U7基因的植物表达载体 (35S-ThHKTl-2300 ) 的质粒图。
图 3是转 ThHKTl基因的 T1代拟南芥植株的耐盐实验结果, Tle5表现出显著的 耐盐性, TlelO、 Tlel9的结果与其类似, 在此未示出。
图 4为利用反转录 PCR对 1\代转基因拟南芥植株和非转基因对照植株中 ThHKTl 基因的转录水平进行分子水平检测的结果。 M为 DNA Ladder Marker ( DL2000 ) , 1-8 为耐盐 T1 代转基因拟南芥植株 (分别属于 Tle5、 TlelO、 Tlel9三个株系) , 9为 35S-ThHKTl-2300质粒 PCR阳性对照, 10-13为非转基因对照拟南芥植株。 具体实施方式 提供以下实施例, 以方便本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明。 所述实施例仅出 于示例性目的, 并非意在限制本发明的范围。
下面实施例中提到的未注明来源的限制性内切酶均购自 New England Biolabs公司。 实施例 1. 盐胁迫下小盐芥 SSH文库构建:
具体方法为:
按照 Clontech公司的 PCR-selectTM cDNA Subtraction Kit试剂盒说明书所示的方法 通过抑制差减杂交方法构建 SSH文库(抑制差减文库) 。 在实验过程中以盐处理的小 盐芥组织中提取的 mRNA作为样本(Tester) , 以未处理的小盐芥组织中提取的 mRNA 作为对照 (Driver) 。 具体步骤如下:
( 1 ) 供试材料:
小盐芥 ( TheUungieUa halophila, 购自中国内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌兰布和沙漠绿色 植物园盐生植物繁育中心) 播种到灭菌的蛭石上, 在 22°C、 光周期 12 小时光照 /12 小时黑暗 (光强 3000— 4000 Lx) 条件下培养, 每周浇 1/2MS液体培养基 (含有 9.39 mM KN03 , 0.625 mM KH2P04, 10.3 mM NH4NO3 , 0.75 mM MgS04, 1.5 mM CaCl2, 50 μΜ KI, 100 μΜ H3B03, 100 μΜ MnS04, 30 μΜ ZnS04, 1 μΜ Na2Mo04, 0.1 M CoCl2, 100 μΜ Na2EDTA, 100 μΜ FeS04)—次。 当苗株直径达到 5-6cm时用于实验。
( 2 ) 材料处理:
将供试植株分为 2组, 每组 4盆, 每盆 3株。 第一组为对照组, 正常地用 1/2MS 液体培养基浇灌; 第二组为盐处理组, 浇灌含 300 mM NaCl的 1/2MS液体培养基。 将两组植物在 22°C、 光周期 12小时光照 /12小时黑暗 (光强 3000— 4000 Lx) 条件下 培养处理 10天, 然后及时收集两组植株(用蒸熘水洗净根部), 用液氮迅速冷冻后, 于 -70 °C冰箱中保存。
( 3 ) 总 RNA提取:
分别取对照组和盐处理组的小盐芥各 3.0 g, 用植物 RNA 提取试剂盒 (购自 Invitrogen)提取总 RNA。 用 HITACHI公司的紫外分光光度计 U-2001测定所得总 RNA 在 260 nm和 280 nm的吸光度值, OD26。/OD28。比值为 1.8-2.0, 表明总 RNA纯度较 高, 用 1.0%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测总 RNA的完整性, 28S条带的亮度约为 18S条带 的 2倍, 表明 RNA的完整性良好。 使用 Qiagen公司的 Oligotex mRNA纯化试剂盒(从 总 RNA中纯化 polyA+ RNA) 分离 mRNA。
( 4 ) 抑制差减杂交:
按 Clontech公司的 PCR-selectTM cDNA Subtraction Kit试剂盒说明书所示的方法进 行抑制差减杂交。 先将 Driver mRNA和 Tester mRNA分别反转录(反转录引物为试剂 盒所提供引物) , 得到双链 cDNA, 再以 2 Tester cDNA和 2 g Driver cDNA作为 起始材料进行差减杂交。 在 37 °C水浴下分别将 Tester cDNA禾 P Driver cDNA用 Rsa I 酶切 1.5 小时, 然后将酶切后的 Tester cDNA分成两等份, 连接上不同的接头, 而 Driver cDNA 不连接头。 两种连有不同接头的 Tester cDNA 分别与过量的 Driver cDNA混合, 进行第一次正向差减杂交。 将两种第一次正向差减杂交的产物混合, 再 与新变性的 Driver cDNA进行第二次正向差减杂交, 通过两次抑制性 PCR扩增富集 差异表达基因的片段 (PCR进行前, 将第二次正向差减杂交产物进行末端补平) 。
( 5 ) 差减文库的构建与初步筛选、 克隆、 鉴定
依照 pGEM-T Easy试剂盒(购自 Promega) 的说明书, 将所述第二次正向差减杂 交 cDNA片段的第二次抑制性 PCR扩增产物 (使用 QIAquick PCR Purification Kit纯 化, 购自 Qiagen) 与 pGEM-T Easy载体连接, 其具体步骤如下: 在 200 μΐ PCR管中 依次加入下列成分: 纯化的合并后的正向差减杂交 cDNA 片段的第二次抑制性 PCR 产物 3 μ1、 2xT4 DNA连接酶缓冲液 5 μ1、 pGEM-T Easy载体 1 μ1、 Τ4 DNA连接酶 1 μ1, 于 4 °C连接过夜。 然后取 10 μΐ连接反应产物, 加入到 100 μΐ大肠杆菌 JM109感 受态细胞(购自 TAKARA)中, 冰浴 30分钟、 热休克 60秒、 冰浴 2分钟, 然后加入 250 μΙ ίΒ液体培养基 (含有 1%胰蛋白胨 (Tryptone, 购自 OXOID)、 0.5%酵母提取 物 (Yeast Extract, 购自 OXOID ) 禾 P 1% NaCl (购自国药)) 后置于 37 °C摇床中, 以 225 rpm振荡培养 30分钟, 然后从中取 200 μΐ菌液接种于含 50 g/ml氨苄青霉素、 40 g/mL X-gal ( 5-溴 -4氯 -3-吲哚 -β-D-半乳糖苷) 、 24 g/mL IPTG (异丙基 -β-D-硫代吡喃 半乳糖苷) 的 LB (同上) 固体培养板上 (X-gal和 IPTG均购自 TAKARA) , 37°C培 育 18小时。 计数培养板中直径 > 1 mm的清晰白色及蓝色菌落, 随机挑取 450个白色 菌落(编号: Th-S001至 Th-S450) 。 将所挑取白色菌落分别接种于 96孔细胞培养板 ( CORNING) 中的含 50 g/ml氨苄青霉素的 LB液体培养基 (同上) 中, 37°C培养过 夜后加甘油至甘油终浓度为 20% (体积比) , 然后于 -80°C保存备用。 使用巢式 PCR 引物 Primer 1和 Primer 2R (来自 Clontech公司的 PCR-select™ cDNA Subtraction Kit 试剂盒) 对所培养的菌液分别进行 PCR扩增验证, 得到 342个阳性克隆, 然后将所 有阳性克隆送英潍捷基 (上海) 贸易有限公司测序。
( 6) 差异克隆的 cDNA测序分析:
将 DNA测序结果去除载体和不明确序列及冗余的 cDNA后, 共得到 301个有效 表达序列标签 (Expressed SequenceTtag, EST) (Unigene) 。 实施例 2小盐芥高亲和钾离子转运蛋白编码基因 ThHKTl的克隆
将所述鉴定的小盐芥 SSH文库中编号为 Th-S114的克隆子去掉冗余 DNA后, 序列 为 SEQ ID No: 3, 序列分析表明该序列编码的蛋白属于高亲和钾离子转运蛋白。 本 文将 SEQ ID No: 3序列对应的全长编码基因命名为 ThHKTl, 其对应的蛋白命名为 HKTl o
SEQ ID No: 3:
ACGTAAACTT CGTTAAAACG GCGAGAGATG TTCTTAGTTC CAAAGAAATC TCACCTCTCA
Figure imgf000006_0001
2 1 CGT
ThHKTl全长编码基因的克隆
根据已经获得的 SEQ ID No: 3序列, 设计如下两条特异性引物, 作为 3'RACE 的 5'端特异性引物。
ThHKTl GSP1 : SEQ ID No: 4: ATTTACTCTC CGTTCGCCTT TG
ThHKTl GSP2: SEQ ID No: 5:
TACAGTTTCT TCTCTTCTGC AC
实验步骤按试剂盒说明书操作 (3'RACE System for Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends试剂盒购自 Invitrogen公司) 。
用 SEQ ID NO: 4与通用引物 AUAP (试剂盒自带) , 以盐处理组小盐芥提取的 mRNA反转录得到的 cDNA为模板进行第一轮 PCR扩增。 具体步骤如下:
50 μ1ΡΟ 反应体系: 5 μΐ 10xExBuffer、 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 2.0 μΐ cDNA 1.0 μΐ Ex Taq (购自 TAKARA) 、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 4和 AUAP各 2.0 μΐ以及 35 μΐ 双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循环 (94°C变性 30秒, 58°C 退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 1分钟) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。
将所得的 PCR产物用双蒸水稀释 50倍后取 2.0 μΐ作为模板, 用 SEQ ID NO: 5 与通用引物 AUAP进行第二轮 PCR扩增, 具体步骤如下:
50 μ1ΡΟ 反应体系: 5 μΐ 10xExBuffer、 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 2.0 μΐ稀释的第一 轮 PCR产物、 1.0 lExTaq、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 5和 AUAP各 2.0 μΐ以及 35 μΐ的双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循环(94°C变性 30秒, 58°C 退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 1分钟) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。
回收第二轮 PCR 产物中片段约为 700 bp 的条带 (Gel Extraction Kit 购自 OMEGA), 并将其连接于 pGEM-T Easy载体, 然后转化到大肠杆菌 JM109感受态细 胞中 (具体方法同上), 并将转化后的菌液涂布于含 50 g/mL氨苄青霉素、 40 ^glmL X-gaK 24 g/mLIPTG的 LB固体培养基上进行筛选。 随机挑取 10个白色菌落分别接种 于含有 50 μ§/ιη1氨苄青霉素的 LB液体培养基中, 37°C培养过夜后加甘油至甘油终浓 度为 20% (体积比) , -80°C保存备用。 用 SEQ ID NO: 5与通用引物 AUAP进行菌 液 PCR扩增验证, 得 4个阳性克隆, 将 4个阳性克隆送至英潍捷基 (上海) 贸易有 限公司测序, 获得该基因的 cDNA的 3'端。
根据已经获得的 7¾U7基因片段, 设计如下三条特异性引物, 作为 5'RACE的 3'端特异性引物。
ThHKTl GSP3: SEQ ID No: 6:
GGGAACAGAG TGTTTCCCAT CA
ThHKTl GSP4: SEQ ID No: 7: ACAGCTGTGA AGACCGAGAA GG
ThHKTl GSP5 : SEQ ID No : 8:
GAACTAAGAA CATCTCTCGC CG
实验步骤按试剂盒说明书操作 ( 5 ' RACE System for Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends试剂盒购自 Invitrogen公司) 。
用 SEQ ID NO: 7与通用引物 AAP (试剂盒自带) , 以盐处理组小盐芥提取的 mRNA反转录得到的 cDNA (反转录引物 SEQ ID NO: 6, dCTP加尾) 为模板进行第 一轮 PCR扩增, 具体步骤如下:
50 μ 1 PCR反应体系: 5 μ 1 ΙΟ Χ Εχ Buffer 3 μ 1 2.5 mM 的 dNTP、 2.0 μ 1 cDNA、 1.0 μ 1 Ex Taq (购自 TAKARA) 、 10 μ M的引物 SEQ ID NO: 7禾 P AAP各 2.0 μ 1以及 35 μ 1的双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循环 (94°C 变性 30秒, 55 °C退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 1分钟) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。
将所得的 PCR产物用双蒸水稀释 50倍后取 2.0 μ ΐ作为模板, 用 SEQ ID NO: 8 与引物 AUAP进行第二轮 PCR扩增, 具体步骤如下:
50 l PCR反应体系: 5 μ 1 lO X Ex Buffer 3 μ 1 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 2.0 μ 1稀释 的第一轮 PCR产物、 1.0 μ 1 Ex Taq 10 μ M的引物 SEQ ID NO: 8禾 P AUAP各 2.0 μ 1以及 35 μ 1的双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循环(94°C变性 30秒, 58 °C退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 1分钟) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。
回收第二轮 PCR 产物中片段约为 600 bp 的条带 (Gel Extraction Kit 购自 OMEGA) , 并将其连接于 pGEM-T Easy载体, 然后转化到大肠杆菌 JM109感受态细 胞中 (具体方法同上), 并将转化后的菌液涂布于含 50 ^lmL氨苄青霉素、 40 ^glmL X-gaK 24 g/mL IPTG的 LB固体培养基上进行筛选。 随机挑取 10个白色菌落分别接种 于含有 50 g/ml氨苄青霉素的 LB 液体培养基中, 37°C培养过夜后加甘油至甘油终 浓度为 20% (体积比) , -80°C保存备用。 用 SEQ ID NO: 8与引物 AUAP进行菌液 PCR扩增验证(反应体系及反应条件同上), 得到 6个阳性克隆, 选取其中 4个克隆 送至英潍捷基 (上海) 贸易有限公司测序, 获得该基因的 cDNA 的 5 ' 端。 所得的 5 'RACE产物克隆测序后, 将其与上述 3'RACE产物测序结果以及 SEQ ID No: 3序列进 行拼接, 获得 ThHKTl全长 cDNA序列 SEQ ID No: 9。
SEQ ID No: 9: 61
121
181
241
301
361
421
481
541
601
661
721
781
841
901
961
1021
1081
1141
1201
1261
1321
1381
1441
1501
1561
1621 ATAGAAAAGT TATGATGGAA 根据 SEQ ID NO: 9序列设计一对引物如下:
SEQ ID No: 10:
ATGGAGAGAA TTGATGCAAA AT SEQ ID No: 11:
TCACGAAGAG GAGGGATAAA GT 通过 SEQ ID NO: 10和 SEQ ID NO: 11来克隆 ThHKTl全长编码基因。
采用 TAKARA的 PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶, 以上述小盐芥的 cDNA为模板进 行 PCR反应。 50 μΐ PCR反应体系: 10 μΐ 5xPS Buffer 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 2.0 μΐ cDNA、 1.0 ^PrimeSTARHS DNA聚合酶、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 10禾 P SEQ ID
NO: 11各 2.0 μΐ以及 30 μΐ的双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循 环 (94°C变性 30秒, 58°C退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 2分钟) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。
PCR扩增产物加 A尾: PCR产物中加入 2.5倍体积的无水乙醇, -20°C放置 10分 钟, 离心, 去上清, 晾干, 然后用 21 μΐ双蒸水溶解所得沉淀。 然后向其中加入 2.5 μΐ ΙΟχΕχ Buffer 0.5 μΐ 5 mM的 dATP、 1.0 lExTaq。 反应条件: 70°C反应 30分钟。 将 得到的约 1600 bp的 DNA片段回收(Omega回收试剂盒), 并将其连接至 pGEM T-easy 载体上得到 ThHKTl-pGEM质粒, 然后将连接产物转化到大肠杆菌 JM109感受态细胞 中(方法同上), 并将转化后的菌液涂布于含 50 g/mL氨苄青霉素、 40 g/mLX-gal、 24 g/mLIPTG的 LB固体培养基上进行筛选。 随机挑取 10个白色菌落分别接种于含有 50 g/ml氨苄青霉素的 LB 液体培养基中, 37°C培养过夜后加甘油至甘油终浓度为 20% (体积比), -80°C保存备用。 用 SEQIDNO: 10与 SEQIDNO: 11进行菌液 PCR扩 增验证(反应体系及反应条件同上) , 得到 3个阳性克隆, 选取其中 3个阳性克隆送 至英潍捷基 (上海) 贸易有限公司测序, 所得序列为 SEQ ID NO: 2, 其编码的蛋白 质的氨基酸序列为 SEQIDNO: 1。
HKT1蛋白的氨基酸序列: SEQIDNO: 1
1 MERIDAKFAK LGSQLAKFRS
21 PFFLYLFYFF SFSVLGFLAL
41 KISKPRTTSR PHDLDIFFTS
61 VSAITVSSMS TVDMEVFSNT
81 QLIIITILMF LGGEIFTSFL
101 QLYFSHFTKF VFPHYKIGHH
121 MGSFNLECPI TDPGSDLENV
141 TDHVKISSQI NERASKCLYS
161 VWSYLLVTT IAGSTLLLVY
181 VNFVKTARDV LSSKEISPLT
201 FSVFTAVSTF VNCGFVPTNE
221 NMVIFRKNSG LLWLLIPQAL
241 MGNTLFPCFL FFLVSGLDKI
261 TKRDEFGYIL KNHKK GYSH
281 LLSVRLCVLL GLTVLGFVMI
301 QFLLFCTFEW NSVSLEGMNS 321 YEKIWSLFQ WNSRQTGET
341 WDFATLSPA ILVLFILMMY
361 LPPYTLFMPL TEEKTKREGE
381 DHCGNEKKGK KSGFFVSQLS
401 FLAICVFFIS ITESQNLRRD
421 PLNFNVLNIT LEVISAFGNV
441 GFTTGYSCER RLDISNGGCK
461 NEGYGFAGRW SPTGKFVLI I
481 VMFYGRFKQF TAKSGRAWIL
501 YPSSS *
ThHKTl基因的核苷酸序列 SEQ ID NO: 2
选择植物双元表达载体 pCAMBIA2300 (购自北京鼎国昌盛生物技术有限责任公 司) 作为植物表达载体, 用 Pnos启动子替换 ΝΡΤΠ基因含双增强子的 35S启动子, 以降低 ΝΡΤΠ蛋白在植物中的表达。 选择 35S启动子及 Tnos终止子分别作为 ThHKTl 基因的启动子和终止子, 构建流程图如图 1所示。
使用引物 SEQ ID NO: 12和 SEQ ID NO: 13, 以植物表达载体 pBI121质粒(购 自北京华夏远洋科技有限公司) 为模板扩增 Pnos, 采用 TAKARA的 PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶。 50 μΐ PCR反应体系: 10 μΐ 5 xPS Buffer 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 1.0 μΐ pBI121质粒、 1.0 μΐ PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 12和 SEQ ID NO: 13各 2.0 μΐ以及 31 μΐ的双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循环(94°C变性 30秒, 56°C退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 30秒), 72°C延伸 10分钟。 通过 EcoRI、 Bglll酶切将所得的 PCR产物按试剂盒说明 (Promega, T4 连接酶试剂 盒) 连接到 pCAMBIA2300获得 pCAMBIA2300-l。
SEQ ID NO: 12
GCACGAATTC ggcgggaaac gacaatctga
SEQ ID NO: 13
ATCCAGATCTAGATCCGGTGCAGATTATTTG
用引物 SEQ ID NO: 14和 SEQ ID NO: 15以 pBI121质粒为模板扩增 Tnos, 采 用 TAKARA 的 PrimeSTAR HS DNA 聚合酶。 50 μΐ PCR 反应体系: 10 μΐ 5 xPS Buffer 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 1.0 μΐ pBI121质粒、 1.0 μΐ PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合 酶、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 14和 SEQ ID NO: 15各 2.0 μΐ以及 31 μΐ的双蒸水。
PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循环 (94°C变性 30秒, 58°C退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 30秒) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。 通过 Sac I、 EcoR I酶切将所得的 PCR产物连 接 (Promega T4 连接酶试剂盒) 到 pCAMBIA2300-l获得 pCAMBIA2300-2。
SEQ ID NO: 14:
AAGGAGCTCGAATTTCCCCGATCGTTCAAA SEQ ID NO: 15:
TCAGAATTCCCAGTGAATTCCCGATCTAGTA 用引物 SEQ ID NO: 16和 SEQ ID NO: 17以 pCAMBIA2300质粒为模板扩增 35S 启动子。 采用 TAKARA的 PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶。 50 μΐ PCR反应体系: 10 μΐ 5 PS Buffer 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 1.0 μΐ pCAMBIA2300质粒、 1.0 μΐ PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 16和 SEQ ID NO: 17各 2.0 μΐ以及 31 μΐ 双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 33个循环(94°C变性 30秒, 58°C退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 30秒) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。 通过 Hind III、 Pst I酶切将所得的 PCR 产物连接 (连接方法同上) 到 pCAMBIA2300-2获得 pCAMBIA2300-3。
SEQ ID NO: 16:
ACTAAGCTTTAGAGCAGCTTGCCAACATGGTG SEQ ID NO: 17:
TGACTGCAGAGAGATAGATTTGTAGAGAGAGACT 用引物 SEQ ID NO: 18和 SEQ ID NO: 19扩增 7¾U7编码基因的全长序列(模 板是实施例 2所获得阳性 ThHKTl-pGEM质粒) , 采用 TAKARA的 PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶。 50 μΐ PCR反应体系: 10 μΐ 5 xPS Buffer 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP、 1.0 μΐ ThHKTl-pGEM质粒、 1.0 μΐ PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 18和 SEQ ID NO: 19各 2.0 μΐ以及 31 μΐ双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94 °C预变性 5 分钟, 33个循环 (94°C变性 30秒, 58°C退火 30秒, 72 °C延伸 2分钟) , 72°C延伸 10 分钟。 通过 Pstl、 Sad 酶切将所得的 PCR 产物连接 (连接方法同上) 到 pCAMBIA2300-3 , 经验证后获得植物表达载体 35S-ThHKTl-2300 (图 2) 。
SEQ ID NO: 18
ACT CTGCAG ATGGAGAGAA TTGATGCAAA AT SEQ ID NO: 19
ACT GAGCTC TCACGAAGAG GAGGGATAAA GT 实施例 4 35S-ThHKTl-2300表达载体转化农杆菌
农杆菌 LBA4404 (购自 Biovector Science Lab, Inc) 感受态细胞的制备: 将农杆 菌 LBA4404在含 50 g/ml利福平和 50 g/ml链霉素的 LB固体培养基上划单斑接种, 28 °C培养 1至 2天。 挑取单菌落接种于 5 ml含 50 μ§/ιη1利福平和 50 μ§/ιη1链霉素的 LB液体培养基中, 28°C下摇动培养过夜 (约 12-16小时) 至 OD6。。值为 0.4, 形成种 子菌液。 取 5 ml培养活化后的菌液 (1 :20的比例) 接种于 100 ml含 50 μ§/ιη1利福平 和 50 μ§/ιη1链霉素的 LB液体培养基中, 28°C摇动培养 2-2.5小时至 OD6。。=0.8。 冰浴 菌液 10分钟, 每隔 3分钟摇匀一次, 使所述细菌均匀进入休眠状态。 于 4°C下 4000 g 离心 10分钟, 弃上清液; 加入 1 ml冰预冷的 10% (体积比) 甘油重悬浮菌体, 4°C 下 4000 g离心 10分钟, 收集沉淀; 用冰预冷的 10% (体积比) 甘油重复洗 3-4次; 然后加入适量冰预冷的 10% (体积比)甘油重新悬浮细菌沉淀, 即制得 LBA4404感受 态细胞, 以 40 μΐ/管将其分装, 于 -70°C保存备用。
转化农杆菌: 在冰上融化所述的 LBA4404感受态细胞, 向 40 μΐ的所述感受态细 胞中加入 1 μΐ实施例 3获得的质粒 35S-ThHKTl-2300, 混匀后冰浴约 10分钟。 将冰 浴后的感受态细胞和 35S-ThHKTl-2300 质粒的混合物用微量移液器转移到冰预冷的 0.1cm规格的电击杯(购自 Bio-Rad)中, 轻敲使悬浮液到达电击杯底部(注意不要有 气泡)。 将所述电击杯放到电击室的滑道上, 推动滑道将电击杯放至电击室基座电极 处。 将 MicroPulser (购自 Bio-Rad) 的程序设置为 "Agr", 电击一次 。 立即取出电击 杯, 加入 28°C预热的 200 μΙ ίΒ培养基。 快速而轻柔的用微量移液器将感受态细胞打 匀。 将悬浮液转入 1.5 ml的离心管, 在 28°C下 225 rpm摇动培养 1小时。 取 100-200 μΐ的菌液涂布于相应的抗性筛选培养基平板上(LB固体培养基, 含 50 g/ml利福平、 50 μ§/ιη1链霉素、 50 μ§/ιη1卡那霉素) , 28°C培养。 筛选阳性转化克隆, 并将其菌液 于 -70°C保存备用。 实施例 5 受体材料拟南芥培养
选择吸水性好, 土质松软的蛭石配合营养土 (1 : 1 ) 作为拟南芥种植土壤。 使 用直径 9 cm的花盆, 每盆播种 20-30颗拟南芥种子(哥伦比亚型, 来自美国俄亥俄州 立大学的拟南芥生物资源中心) 。 播种以后在花盆上罩上薄膜, 给植株的生长提供一 个湿润的环境。 恒温 22°C, 光照强度 3500-4000 k, 光照周期为 12小时黑暗、 12小 时光照培养, 每 7天浇灌一次 1/2MS液体培养基。 培养 30天后, 每盆保留 4-5棵植 株, 光照周期调整为 8小时黑暗、 16小时光照培养, 待大部分植株都抽苔之后, 在花 序基部剪掉整个主苔, 去其顶端优势, 约 1周后在腋芽部位长出 4-6个新生侧苔, 待 侧苔花序形成花蕾并部分开花或形成 1-2个角果时, 便可用于转化。 实施例 6 拟南芥花浸转化
将实施例 4获得的已转化 35S-ThHKTl-2300表达载体的 LBA4404农杆菌菌液接种 至含有 50μ§/ιη1卡那霉素 (kan) 的 LB液体培养基中培养过夜, 第二天早上按 1 :50 接种至含有 50μ§/ιη1卡那霉素的新的 LB培养基 (1L) 中, 培养约 8个小时, 至农杆 菌液 OD6。。在 1.0到 1.2之间。 室温 5000 rpm离心 5分钟, 弃上清, 将农杆菌沉淀悬 浮于浸染培养基里(1/2MS液体培养基,并含有 5% 蔗糖;用 KOH调至 pH5.7; 0.02% Silwet L-77 )中, 使 OD6。。在 0.8左右。将实施例 5制备的用于转化的拟南芥的上部缓 缓、 螺旋式浸入所述含农杆菌的浸染培养基内, 轻轻顺时针晃动, 约 2分钟, 用透明 塑料罩盖严以保持湿度, 放入温室过夜。 24小时后移去塑料透明罩, 用水浇透。 之后 2-3周, 保证植株水分充足。 当植株停止开花, 第一个果荚成熟变黄时, 用纸袋套住, 当纸袋内的所有果荚变黄后, 停止浇水, 1-2周干燥后收取种子, 进行转化子筛选, 同时取未经转化处理的拟南芥果荚作为对照。 实施例 7 拟南芥转基因阳性转化子的筛选
种子消毒: 先用 70%乙醇浸泡 10 分钟, 并不时地使种子悬浮; 然后用无菌水洗四 次, 并不时地使种子悬浮。 然后, 将处理后的种子均匀涂布在含 50 μ§/ιη1卡那霉素的 1/2MS固体筛选培养基表面上(一块 150 mm直径的平皿最多播种 1500粒种子), 4°C春 化 2天, 然后在恒温 22°C、光照强度 3500-4000 k、光照周期为 12小时黑暗 /12小时光照 条件下培养 7-10天。 转基因种子在所述筛选培养基上萌发 2周以后, 将能够萌发并正常 生长的植株转入土壤继续培养。剪取所述能够在筛选培养基上正常生长的每株植物的 1-2 个叶片,提取其 DNA作为模板,用 SEQ ID NO: 18和 SEQ ID NO: 19作为引物进行 PCR 检测(反应体系及条件同上), 去除 PCR阴性植株, 收集 PCR阳性植株的种子分别编号 ( T0el-T0e23 ) 并保存。
实施例 8 过表达 ThHKTl的转基因拟南芥 T1代植株的种植
选择吸水性好, 土质松软的蛭石配合营养土 (1 : 1 ) 作为拟南芥种植土壤。 将编号 T0el-T0e23的每种转化子及非转基因对照拟南芥种子各播种 2盆 (每盆播种 20-30颗种 子)。播种以后在花盆上罩上薄膜, 给植株的生长提供一个湿润的环境。 恒温 22°C, 光照 强度 3500-4000 k, 光照周期为 12小时黑暗、 12小时光照培养, 每 7天浇灌一次 1/2MS 液体培养基。 培养 25天后, 每株剪取 1-2个叶片并提取其 DNA作为模板, 用 SEQ ID NO: 18和 SEQ ID NO: 19作为引物进行 PCR检测(反应体系及条件同上)。去除 PCR 阴性植株, 每盆保留 7-8棵 PCR阳性苗, 继续培养 10天后, 每盆保留大小较一致的 5-7棵转基因拟南芥或非转基因对照拟南芥苗进行耐盐实验。 实施例 9 过表达 ThHKTl的转基因拟南芥 T1代植株的耐盐实验 将实施例 8 中转基因拟南芥、 对照拟南芥各保留一盆植株不作处理, 正常浇灌 1/2MS液体培养基, 同时各取一盆植株浇灌含有 150 mM NaCl的 1/2MS液体培养基, 恒温 22°C、 光照强度 3500-4000 k、 12小时光培养 /12小时暗培养循环, 14天后观察 实验结果。 T1代转基因植株 (TO代转基因植株的种子长成的植株) 的耐盐性鉴定表 明, T1代转基因植株 Tle5、 Tlel0、 Tlel9三个株系表现出显著的耐盐性 (见图 3, 以 Tle5例, Tlel0、 Tlel9的结果与类似, 在此未示出) 。 实施例 10 在转录水平上验证 ThHKTl基因的表达
将实施例 9中耐盐好的 T1代转基因植株中随机选取 8棵(分别属于上述 Tle5、 TlelO和 Tlel9三个耐盐株系), 实施例 9中对照植株随机选取 4棵, 各剪取盐(150 mM NaCl) 处理 14天的叶片 0.05 g, 用植物 RNA提取试剂盒 (Invitrogen) 提取总 RNA。 紫外分光光度测定所得总 RNA在 260 nm和 280 nm的吸光度值, 计算各个 RNA浓度。 依照 Invitrogen反转录试齐 U盒 Superscript III Reverse Transcriptase所示方 法进行反转录, 取 1 总 RNA作为模板, 反转录引物为 SEQ ID NO: 11。 使用引物 SEQ ID NO: 10和 SEQ ID NO: 20扩增 ThHKTl片段, 检测其转录情况。
采用 TAKARA的 PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶, 以上述反转录所得的 cDNA为模 板进行 PCR反应。 50 μ1 ΡΟ 反应体系: 10 μΐ 5 ><PS Buffer, 3 μΐ 2.5 mM的 dNTP, 2.0 μΐ cDNA, 1.0 μΐ PrimeSTAR HS DNA聚合酶、 10 μΜ的引物 SEQ ID NO: 10禾 P SEQ ID NO: 20各 2.0 μ1, 以及 30 μΐ的双蒸水。 PCR反应条件: 94°C预变性 5分钟, 32 个循环 (94°C变性 30秒, 58 °C退火 30秒, 72°C延伸 1分钟) , 72°C延伸 10分钟。
PCR产物电泳结果如图 4所示: M为 DNA Ladder Marker ( DL2000, 购自深圳瑞 真生物技术有限公司), 1-8为耐盐 T1代转基因拟南芥植株(分别属于 Tle5、Tlel0、 Tlel9三个株系) , 9为 35S-ThHKTl-2300质粒 PCR阳性对照, 10-13为非转基因对 照拟南芥植株。 图中所示条带大小与阳性对照的大小一致 (约为 700 bp ) 。 结果表 明, 耐盐 T1代转基因拟南芥植株中 7¾U7均有显著转录, 非转基因对照拟南芥植 株中没有 ThHKTl的转录。
SEQ ID NO: 20: GCCAGAGAAG ACCCGAGTTC TT

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 小盐芥的一个高亲和钾离子转运蛋白, 其序列为 SEQ ID NO: 1。
2. 编码权利要求 1的高亲和钾离子转运蛋白的基因, 其序列为 SEQ ID NO: 2。
3. 一种重组表达载体,其是通过将权利要求 2所述的基因插入到一种表达载体而 获得的, 并且所述基因的核苷酸序列与所述表达载体的表达控制序列可操作地连接, 优选地, 所述表达载体是 pCAMBIA2300。
4. 权利要求 3所述的载体, 其为附图 2所示的 35S-ThHKTl-2300载体。
5. 一种重组细胞,其含有权利要求 2所述的基因或者权利要求 3或 4所述的重组 表达载体; 优选地, 所述重组细胞为重组农杆菌细胞。
6. 一种改善植物耐盐性的方法, 包括: 将权利要求 2所述的基因或者权利要求 3 或 4所述的重组表达载体导入植物或植物组织并使所述基因表达; 优选地, 所述植物 是拟南芥。
7. 一种制备转基因植物的方法,包括: 在有效产生植物的条件下培养含有权利要 求 2所述的基因或者权利要求 3或 4所述的重组表达载体的植物或植物组织。
8. 权利要求 7所述的方法, 其中所述植物是拟南芥。
9. 权利要求 2所述的基因、权利要求 3或 4所述的重组表达载体或者权利要求 5 所述的重组细胞用于改善植物耐盐性以及用于植物育种的用途。
10. 权利要求 9所述的用途, 其中所述植物是拟南芥。
PCT/CN2013/000751 2013-06-24 2013-06-24 一种小盐芥高亲和钾离子转运蛋白hkt1及其编码基因与应用 Ceased WO2014205598A1 (zh)

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