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WO2014128317A1 - Procédé de capture de co2 avec du cao à haute température assisté par vibration acoustique - Google Patents

Procédé de capture de co2 avec du cao à haute température assisté par vibration acoustique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014128317A1
WO2014128317A1 PCT/ES2014/000012 ES2014000012W WO2014128317A1 WO 2014128317 A1 WO2014128317 A1 WO 2014128317A1 ES 2014000012 W ES2014000012 W ES 2014000012W WO 2014128317 A1 WO2014128317 A1 WO 2014128317A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acoustic vibration
capture
reactor
gas
cao
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2014/000012
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José Manuel VALVERDE MILLÁN
Miguel Ángel SÁNCHEZ QUINTANILLA
Jose Manuel PEREZ EBRI
Riccardo Chirone
Paola AMMENDOLA
Federica RAGANATI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad de Sevilla
Universita Degli Studi di Napoli di Federico II
Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche CNR
Original Assignee
Universidad de Sevilla
Universita Degli Studi di Napoli di Federico II
Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche CNR
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Publication of WO2014128317A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014128317A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/40—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed subjected to vibrations or pulsations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F23C99/003—Combustion process using sound or vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/50—Carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • a subject of the present invention is a process that increases the capture capacity of C02 in a high temperature CaO fluidized bed reactor during the rapid carbonation phase within the CaO carbonation / calcination process.
  • This procedure is based on the application of acoustic vibrations directly on the fluidized material in the carbonation reactor, for values of the intensity of the acoustic vibration and its frequency around 150dB and 100Hz respectively. With this application it is possible to accelerate the carbonation of the material and reduce the loss of capture capacity after being subjected to successive calcination / carbonation cycles.
  • the present invention has its application in the area of Energy and the Environment, specifically in activity sectors aimed at improving the efficiency of energy technologies.
  • Capture and storage of C0 2 emitted with the flue gas is recognized as a highly effective measure in the short term intended to mitigate global warming caused by increasing demand for energy.
  • the implementation of technologies at industrial level that would allow achieving this goal could represent an estimated between 15% and 55% on the set of measures aimed at reducing C0 2 emissions generated by fossil fuels in the medium to long term contribution (Metz et al. 2005).
  • One of the main objectives of the VII EU Framework Program is that, in 2018, 12 500 megawatt production thermoelectric plants will be implemented in European territory including some type of C0 2 capture and storage technology (http: // ec. eu clothes, eu / resea rch / f p7 /).
  • CaL Ca-looping
  • the contact time between the gas and the CaO particles is short, so that C0 2 is adsorbed only by the surface of the CaO particles in a rapid phase determined by the temperature and the partial pressure of C0 2 .
  • the carbonation process is carried out optimally at a temperature of around 650 ° C
  • the carbonated CaO is transported to a second fluidized bed reactor where it is calcined by subjecting it to an air flow with a high concentration of 0 2 at temperatures around 900 ° C. Calcination results in the decomposition of CaC0 3 into CaO + C0 2 .
  • the C0 2 thus flows from the calcination reactor practically pure and ready for later storage.
  • Both fluidized bed reactors, the carbonation and the calcination reactors, are interconnected, so that the CaO regenerated in the calcination reactor is again transported to the carbonation reactor for use as a C0 2 adsorbent in a new cycle.
  • the viability of CaL technology for the efficient capture of C0 2 has been demonstrated in recent years through its implementation in various pilot scale plants of up to 1.7 Mw t of power. The results show sustained capture capacities greater than 90% and allow for some optimism in the commercial use of this technique before 2020 (Blamey et al. 2010, Sánchez-Biezma et al. 2011).
  • CLC Certial Looping Combustion
  • the metal oxide particles that have oxidized the gaseous fuel and have been reduced (M x O and - i) are transported to a second fluidized bed, the oxidation reactor, where they are oxidized when fluidized by a stream of enriched air at 0 2 .
  • the gases at the outlet of the reduction reactor are only C0 2 and water vapor. This mixture is easily separable by condensation of the water, thus leaving the C0 2 ready for storage.
  • the acoustic field causes an acceleration of the transfer of mass and energy in the reactor due to the alteration that it produces on the fluid-dynamics of the system ( Komarov 2011), that is, a faster transfer of the molecules of C0 2 through the boundary layer on the surface of the particles.
  • the acceleration of the mass and temperature transfer caused by the application of acoustic vibration results in an increase in the efficiency of processes in gas-solid reactors at high temperature, such as in combustion reactors ( Komarov 2011, Koepke and Zhu 1998).
  • the improvement of the temperature transfer contributes to the reaction taking place more homogeneously throughout the reactor, which contributes to the reduction of NOx, CO, C0 2 and ash emissions, emissions that are enhanced by the existence of strong temperature gradients (Komarov 2011).
  • Figure 1 Experimental assembly of the procedure on a laboratory scale.
  • Figure 2. Example of a quartz reactor in which the laboratory scale experiment takes place. Dimensions indicated in mm.
  • Figure 3. Graph representing the pressure drop across the bed of CaO as a function of the gas flow under ordinary conditions (without acoustic vibration applied) and under the action of acoustic vibration applied.
  • the intensity of the sound is set at a value around 140 dB and in b) the frequency is set at a value of 100 Hz.
  • the horizontal line indicates the value at which the pressure drop would equal the weight per unit. of material area.
  • Figure 4. Graph of the concentration of C0 2 (vol%) measured in the effluent gas of the carbonation reactor as a function of time in ordinary conditions (without acoustic vibration) and under the action of acoustic vibration whose intensity and frequency are indicated . The result of a blank test is also shown (no material in the reactor).
  • the inlet gas flow is 2000 cm 3 / min and has a C0 2 concentration of 15% by volume.
  • Figure 5. Graph representing the concentration of C0 2 (vol%) measured in the effluent gas of the carbonation reactor as a function of time in ordinary conditions (without acoustic vibration) and under the action of acoustic vibration of 140 dB intensity and 160 Hz frequency
  • acoustic vibration was maintained throughout the cycle.
  • acoustic vibration was activated (off / on) when the% of C0 2 reached 5% in one case and 10% in another, respectively (points indicated by the arrow).
  • the experiment was started with acoustic vibration and it was deactivated within 6 minutes of starting the carbonation (on / off).
  • the blank test curve corresponds to the case in which the reactor was empty.
  • Figure 6. Graph representing the pressure drop across the fluidized bed of fresh CaO and after being subjected to a calcination / carbonation / calcination cycle in: a) ordinary conditions (without acoustic vibration applied) b): under the action of acoustic vibration applied. It can be seen that the application of acoustic vibration regenerates the fluidizability of the material that it has lost after being subjected to the calcination / carbonation / calcination cycle.
  • Figure 7 Graph of C0 2 concentration (vol%) as a function of the time measured in the effluent gas of the carbonation reactor under ordinary conditions (without acoustic vibration) and under the action of acoustic vibration whose intensity and frequency are indicated. The results obtained during the phase of carbonation corresponding to two cycles of calcination / carbonation performed consecutively.
  • the object of the present invention is to enhance the capture capacity of C0 2 by a fluidized bed of high temperature CaO particles under the conditions that take place in the known technological process under the English name "Ca-looping" (CaL ).
  • the capture of C0 2 in said process takes place in a fluidized bed reactor at a temperature around 650 ° C and where the CaO particles are subjected to a gas flow with a concentration of C0 2 around 15% in volume.
  • Lime technology is applicable to the capture of C0 2 gas from combustion of fossil as well as the production of hydrogen by methane reformation. The efficiency of this technology has been tested in pilot-scale industrial plants and its commercial scale implementation is foreseen before 2020.
  • the method proposed in the present invention aimed at optimizing the capture of C0 2 under CaL conditions is based on the application of acoustic vibrations directly on the carbonation reactor.
  • the vibrations contribute to homogenize the fluidization state by destabilizing gas channels and / or bubbles that otherwise allow a considerable volume of gas to pass through the material without coming into contact with the particles.
  • the alteration produced by the acoustic field in the fluid-dynamics of the system favors the transfer of mass and gas-solid temperature.
  • the application of acoustic vibrations results in a considerable increase in the capacity of capture of the material during the rapid carbonation phase.
  • the acoustic vibration is emitted by a low-cost woofer-type loudspeaker excited by an electric signal of controlled frequency and amplitude.
  • the period of time during which the percentage of C0 2 in the reactor effluent gas is maintained In relatively low values it is greatly prolonged when the fluidized material is subjected to acoustic vibration, and even undergoes an accentuated decrease if the acoustic vibration is initiated once said level has already begun to take high values under ordinary capture conditions.
  • the material maintains its capture capacity after being subjected to a calcination / carbonation cycle while said capacity decreases in a second cycle performed under ordinary conditions, which contributes to decimate the effectiveness of the CaL process in the conditions in which it is carried currently held at the industrial level.
  • the application of acoustic vibration would lead to a predictably significant improvement in the effectiveness of the CaL technological process.
  • optimal results are obtained for acoustic vibration frequencies around 100 Hz and intensities around 150 dB.
  • the loudspeakers could be connected to the carbonation reactor in CaL technology using waveguides and thus be located outside the high temperature zone since the sound is transmitted very efficiently through the gas.
  • the implementation of this C0 2 capture assistance system would have a low economic cost and not a high technical difficulty.
  • the efficiency of the process object of the present invention was validated on a laboratory scale by means of the experimental assembly scheme detailed in Fig. 1.
  • the fluidized bed reactor 50 mm internal diameter and made of quartz in order to resist high temperatures , is schematized in greater detail in Fig. 2.
  • the C0 2 adsorbent material used in the experiments is 100 g of high purity CaO powder (Sigma-Aldrich). Said material is deposited in the reactor on the porous quartz plate.
  • the fluidizing gas flow is controlled and the effluent gas flow is measured using two MKS mass flow controllers and meters, respectively.
  • the gas flow was fixed at a value of 2000 cm 3 / min.
  • the gas pressure drop after crossing the reactor is measured by a differential pressure transducer MKS (the measure of this pressure drop, and its evolution with the temperature allows to verify that the viscosity of the gas follows the expected trend with the temperature, that is, the gas, although it enters room temperature in the reactor, becomes heated to the desired temperature when it comes into contact with the material ).
  • MKS differential pressure transducer
  • the reactor receives the acoustic vibration through a waveguide connected to the speaker.
  • the acoustic vibration generation and propagation system consists of a signal generator, an amplifier and a loudspeaker.
  • the signal generator produces a fixed frequency sine wave that is sent to the sound amplifier of 400W (about 8 Ohm) of output power and used to control the intensity of the acoustic vibration.
  • the amplified signal is transmitted to a woofer loudspeaker, 250 mm in diameter, which is located inside a box connected by a funnel to a PVC tube that guides the acoustic wave and joins the opening top of the reactor using a Teflon adapter.
  • a silicone membrane interposed in a connection of the waveguide to the speaker output serves to protect the speaker from the input of elutriated particles. Said membrane also forces the fluidizing gas to be directed towards the gas analyzer, preventing gas leaks through the speaker box.
  • the intensity of the acoustic vibration is recorded by a microphone.
  • the speaker is located at a sufficient distance from the oven so that it is far from the high temperature zone. For this, the length of the acoustic waveguide can be large enough given the effectiveness with which the sound is transmitted through the air.
  • the effluent gas is analyzed using a Servomex 4900 analyzer (full scale 25% vol. C0 2 ) after passing through a filter that retains the elutriated particles and the excess moisture that can be produced by evaporation or dehydroxylation of the Ca (OH) 2 present As impurity in the material.
  • a Servomex 4900 analyzer full scale 25% vol. C0 2
  • the material was subjected to a gas flow of 2000 cm 3 / min and was subjected to a first calcination stage at 900 ° C in dry air for about 10 minutes in order to dehydroxylate the Ca (OH) 2 and decarbonize the CaC0 3 present as impurities. Subsequently the temperature was lowered to 650 ° C and the gas was changed to the mixture of C0 2 / N 2 with 15% vol. of C0 2 (in the transition period the sample is defluded for an interval of approximately 20 seconds). Examples of curves obtained for the% by volume of C0 2 recorded by the analyzer in the effluent gas during the carbonation stage are shown in Fig. 4.
  • the acoustic vibration causes a notable decrease in the concentration of C0 2 enl effluent gas This decrease is directly correlated with the homogenization produced in the fluidization state previously described. This is due to an increase in the capacity of capture of the material mainly caused by the destabilization of channels and possible rupture of cohesive aggregates that the acoustic vibration generates.
  • An additional contribution to the increase of the capture capacity is the improvement of mass and temperature transfer that the acoustic vibration originates in the reactor through its effect on the fluid-dynamics of the system.
  • the results show that the acoustic vibration results in an ostensible increase in the capture capacity during the first moments, that is to say in the rapid phase dominated by the gas-solid contact and that it is of interest for CaL technology.
  • Fig. 5 An additional evidence of the effect that acoustic vibration has on the rapid capture of C0 2 is shown in Fig. 5.
  • This figure represents the result of a test carried out under ordinary conditions (without acoustic vibration) until the concentration of C0 2 reached a value of 5%. At that time the acoustic vibration was activated and, as can be seen in the figure, the% of C0 2 suffered a sharp decrease due to the effect caused by the acoustic vibration. Note the reproducibility of the results obtained under ordinary conditions in the two tests (for a% C0 2 ⁇ 5%). In another experiment under ordinary conditions in which the sound was activated when the% of C0 2 , an effect on the% of C0 2 was not observed from the activation of the sound (see Fig. 5).
  • the% C0 2 curve is still kept below that obtained for the experiment started without acoustic vibration. This indicates that the effect of acoustic vibration in homogenizing the fluidization of the material lasts over time once it has been deactivated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé qui permet d'augmenter la capacité de capture de CO2 par un réacteur à lit fluidisé de CaO à haute température dans le processus de "Ca-looping" (CaL). Le procédé proposé d'aide à la capture de CO2 repose sur l'application de vibrations acoustiques directement sur la matière fluidisée dans le réacteur de carbonatation, pour des valeurs d'intensité de la vibration acoustique et de sa fréquence autour de 150dB et 100Hz respectivement. Avec ce procédé on arrive à accélérer la carbonatation de la matière et réduire la perte de capacité de capture après des cycles successifs de calcination/carbonatation. La présente invention s'applique dans le domaine de l'énergie et du milieu ambiant, concrètement dans des secteurs d'activité orientés vers l'amélioration de l'efficacité des technologies énergétiques.
PCT/ES2014/000012 2013-02-22 2014-01-30 Procédé de capture de co2 avec du cao à haute température assisté par vibration acoustique Ceased WO2014128317A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ESP201300227 2013-02-22
ES201300227A ES2498732B2 (es) 2013-02-22 2013-02-22 Procedimiento de captura de CO2 por CaO a alta temperatura asistido por vibración acústica

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220355244A1 (en) * 2021-05-07 2022-11-10 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Methane and Carbon Dioxide Reduction with Integrated Direct Air Capture Systems

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005022667A2 (fr) * 2003-07-29 2005-03-10 New Jersey Institute Of Technology Systeme et procede pour la fluidisation de particules et d'agregats nanometriques
WO2010125210A1 (fr) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Universidad De Sevilla Procédé assisté d'adsorption de dioxyde de carbone

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005022667A2 (fr) * 2003-07-29 2005-03-10 New Jersey Institute Of Technology Systeme et procede pour la fluidisation de particules et d'agregats nanometriques
WO2010125210A1 (fr) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Universidad De Sevilla Procédé assisté d'adsorption de dioxyde de carbone

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Title
ARENA N. ET AL.: "Carbon Dioxide Adsorption in a Sound-Assisted Fluidized Bed of Fine Powders", XXXIV MEETING OF THE ITALIAN SECTION OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE, 26 October 2011 (2011-10-26), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.combustion-institute.it/proceedings/XXXIV-ASICI/papers/34proci2011.III9.pdf</a>> [retrieved on 20140403] *
HUGHES, R. ET AL.: "Design, process simulation and construction of an atmospheric dual fluidized bed combustion system for in situ C02 capture using high-temperature sorbents", PREPR. PAP. AM. CHEM. SOC. DIV. FUEL CHEM., vol. 49, no. 1, 2004, pages 312 - 313, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://web.anl.gov/PCS/acsfuel/preprint%20archive/Files/49_1_Anaheim_03-04_0837.pdf</a>> [retrieved on 20140403] *
ROMANO, MATTEO C. ET AL.: "Application of the Sorption Enhanced-Steam Reforming process in combined cycle-based power plants", ENERGY PROCEDIA, vol. 4, 2011, pages 1125 - 1132, XP028213024, doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.01.164 *
VALVERDE J. M. ET AL.: "Improving the gas-solids contact efficiency in a fluidized bed of C02 adsorbent fine particles", PHYS. CHEM. CHEM. PHYS., vol. 13, 2011, pages 14906 - 14909 *
WU, YINGHAI ET AL.: "Simultaneous hydration/carbonation of FBC ash by low-frequency sonication''.", CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING: PROCESS INTENSIFICATION, vol. 47, no. 1, January 2008 (2008-01-01), pages 9 - 16, XP022313920, doi:10.1016/j.cep.2007.08.002 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220355244A1 (en) * 2021-05-07 2022-11-10 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Methane and Carbon Dioxide Reduction with Integrated Direct Air Capture Systems
US11904273B2 (en) * 2021-05-07 2024-02-20 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Methane and carbon dioxide reduction with integrated direct air capture systems

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ES2498732A1 (es) 2014-09-25

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