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WO2014123577A1 - Structure de support d'installation solaire - Google Patents

Structure de support d'installation solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014123577A1
WO2014123577A1 PCT/US2013/053576 US2013053576W WO2014123577A1 WO 2014123577 A1 WO2014123577 A1 WO 2014123577A1 US 2013053576 W US2013053576 W US 2013053576W WO 2014123577 A1 WO2014123577 A1 WO 2014123577A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
vertical support
support elements
modules
support structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2013/053576
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bernard HENNEBERGER
Thomas TIEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TIEN SOLAR LLC
Original Assignee
TIEN SOLAR LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TIEN SOLAR LLC filed Critical TIEN SOLAR LLC
Publication of WO2014123577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014123577A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
    • F24S25/11—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface using shaped bodies, e.g. concrete elements, foamed elements or moulded box-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/61—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures
    • F24S25/617—Elements driven into the ground, e.g. anchor-piles; Foundations for supporting elements; Connectors for connecting supporting structures to the ground or to flat horizontal surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of solar energy. More specifically, it relates to solar access, solar module mounting support and equipment protection.
  • the invention also has secondary purposes which relate to fields associated with vegetative plant protection and support, shade providing structures and seating.
  • the arrangement of solar modules particularly photovoltaic modules is also complicated by self shading. While humans may not be averse to shade in full sun, a small amount of shading or self shading of an array of solar modules can drastically reduce the output of modules or a series string of modules.
  • a common traditional design is to mount strings of modules on planar frames at a specified azimuth and elevation that are arranged in rows and/or columns. Most mounting and or support products can be designed to support this arrangement. Unfortunately this leads to a classic design trade-off problem in using these products where the row spacing should be carefully selected to minimize shading that is caused by another row or column.
  • There are currently limited available products or structural methods which can allow modules to be designed and arranged on a non-planar but continuous surface that can help minimize this self shading and make better use of
  • microinverters, AC modules and optimizers are implemented using non-planar modules or modules with diversified azimuth angles.
  • Energy load can vary throughout the day and year.
  • energy storage costs and/or transmission costs are minimized. This optimization can be done using existing technology but not without even greater challenges.
  • Solar module (Photovoltaic or other) height is also an important consideration in maximizing insolation and output. Adoption of solar energy often requires that sufficient insolation be available to the modules for years to come. Available locations are often affected by changing conditions such as the construction of new buildings or the growth of trees or other obstructions that are beyond the solar equipment owner or solar equipment operator's control. Positioning modules at sufficient height can often make a project more economically viability by increasing insolation over the life of the solar equipment. Height requirements further limit the range of products or structural methods which can address the above limitations.
  • a neighborhood association may be unlikely to approve a ground mount that occupies a large portion of a property owner's yard; however, it may be more inclined to approve a structure that integrates a plant that has inherent desirable aesthetic qualities or a structure that can provide additional value with shaded seating and integrated protection. Protection of solar equipment often requires a fence to protect sensitive and potentially dangerous equipment from animals or the general public. Also, many currently available options often sacrifice a large area of property to accommodate only the solar energy equipment and do not provide integrated shaded seating or the inherent aesthetics of a plant. By placing the solar energy equipment close to the end user as stated, transmission costs are avoided and the owner or operator may avoid some retail energy costs.
  • Shading and seating is obviously available but very often not specifically integrateable with solar energy equipment.
  • Solar car parks and trees exist but are often limited by the arrangement of modules in a way that allows very little light to penetrate and are typically limited to the arrangement of modules in a single plane.
  • the durability of the support is also a major concern.
  • a designer may use a roof mounting solution on a roof that will only last a fraction of the expected life time of the solar components.
  • the invention embodiments include a solar module mounting structure that serves to hold solar modules for a duration of time in planar or non-planar orientations that additionally allow a plant to grow within the interior of the mounting structure.
  • the structure is constructed using bent, conventional rebars, suitable metal and/or suitable metal tubing or other material that supports the solar modules along a surface while also protecting an interior plant and components.
  • Solar modules of any type may be mounted to the surface of this structure.
  • the structure may be placed or secured on a foundation that can additionally serve as seating with the top of the structure and modules serving as shade elements. Additionally a planter ring may be integrated.
  • a solar plant support structure is comprised of seven or more vertical support elements made from long narrow suitably rigid material shaped to provide a predetermined height and support for solar modules mounted along a predetermined insolation surface 4, a plurality of horizontal support elements selected from the group consisting of hoops, helixes spirals and arcs and a means for interconnecting said vertical support elements to horizontal support elements at distributed intervals along a closed area with spacing and strength sufficient to provide mechanical support and structural stability.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention with a cross section of a foundation
  • Figure 4 is a top view of a circular foundation of an invention
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a circular foundation as indicated in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of and a variation of the embodiment of a circular foundation as indicated in Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an invention with interior protected plant
  • Figure 8 is a top view of a embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 10 show vertical support elements and horizontal support elements representative of the shapes used in an embodiment such as the embodiment shown in Figures 8 and 9.
  • FIG. 11 Embodiments in a computer modeled park or solar orchard setting.
  • a solar orchard is an arrangement allowing fruit trees to be protected.
  • an insolation surface locally as a continuous limited surface (e.g. S(x,y,z)) that has an upper portion on which solar energy impinges.
  • This insolation surface can be predefined by a designer who wishes to implement or construct support on which solar modules can be mounted approximating the surface of this insolation surface.
  • Embodiments of the invention further strive to solve the problem of solar access by providing a means for the solar support structure to be officially permitted as landscape by permitting authorities.
  • Embodiments may incorporate interior vegetative plant(s) or a planter ring for this purpose.
  • an embodiment of the invention was approved for a permit for future construction outside setback boundaries where normally only landscaping would be permitted thereby allowing the embodiment to be constructed on a less shaded portion of the property.
  • embodiments of the invention strive to solve the problem of solar access through increased acceptance. This acceptance is improved through the addition of functionality. With minimal additional space embodiments may provide seating or shade that may reduce heat islanding effects or shaded seating that if provided by other means would normally not generate usable energy.
  • Embodiments of the invention strive to solve the problem of solar access through additional means. Many environments are not suitable for solar or landscape installations because a fence is required to protect equipment or vegetation from animals or the general public; or animals or the general public from potential voltage hazards. Embodiments of the invention can make efficient use of the encircling vertical support elements 1 and horizontal support elements 2 to protect interior equipment, vegetation or both from outside disturbance reducing the need for a fence and the associated additional space required.
  • the solar insolation surface 14 is used as a design constraint that defines the bends, positions and orientations of vertical support elements 1 which are stabilized or held in position by horizontal support elements 2.
  • Embodiments of the invention comprising these two elements with their interconnections provides stable support for mounting a plurality of solar modules 18 along the predetermined solar insolation surface 14.
  • FIG. 1 and Fig 2 An embodiment depicted in Fig 1 and Fig 2 shows vertical support elements 1 that are arranged to form a protective trunk like region by which a multitude encircle a sufficiently large void region. The bends on the bottom portion of the vertical support elements 1 are bent to provide more stable support.
  • Horizontal support elements 2 are shown here as hoops but are generally in the form of either hoops, elliptical rings, helixes, arcs or cables.
  • These horizontal support elements 2 together with the vertical support elements 1 are bent or formed to conform to the predetermined planar or non-planar insolation surface 14 and provide stable support for solar modules 18 at no less than three points approximately on the predefined insolation surface per mounted solar module 18 thereby providing a height and an orientation approximately defined by the predefined insolation surface. Since solar modules are not necessarily flexibile and have a finite size they each may only conform or intersect to a continuous surface at one point.
  • the solar insolation surface 14 occupies a defined area; note the circular shape of 14 in the embodiment of Fig 1. Other embodiments may define an area that is approximately oval, rectangular or any 2 dimensional shape other shape when viewed from the top.
  • the designer may predefine this area with a hole. This can be done to ensure that an interior plant or equipment receives light.
  • the vertical support members are bent identically and positioned so that the top portion points radially outward. This conforms to an insolation surface 14 that looks like a wide cone.
  • Embodiments such as this may provide a more even power distribution throughout the day and year than a conventional planar implementation for equatorial regions (e.g. Africa) thereby providing an advantage over existing solutions by, for example, requiring less costly energy storage.
  • Embodiments such as these also provide an arrangement of the solar panels such that any run-off may help irrigate the interior plant.
  • the void interior region may contain components such as a solar circuit junction/combiner box 12 (Fig 1) and conduit 20 (Fig 2) that continues outside the embodiment of the invention connecting modules to an external load or grid through established National Electric Code (NEC) or equivalent compliant means or to another type of energy utility or energy storage system.
  • the void region may also contain and/or support an optional interior plant or plants as depicted in the embodiment of Fig 7. Additionally it may contain conventional plumbing, watering equipment or means for water storage. Furthermore it may contain or partially contain a planter ring containing soil or potting material, growing medium, stones, geotextiles, linings, water reclaiming means, recycled materials, etc.
  • a foundation was disclosed and claimed in the original U.S. Patent applications 13/760,007. Specific embodiment foundation detailed drawings have been repeated in Figs 3, 4, 5 and 6 for reference.
  • the invention disclosed does not specifically claim a foundation but it does specify a planter ring and/or a means for seating as depicted in Fig 7 or as may be implemented in other embodiments. These can be constructed on top of a foundation or integrated with a foundation.
  • a foundation has not been claimed in this continuation in part application, a foundation and a means of securing the invention to the foundation may be needed and is recommended to provide a safe permanent structure.
  • the vertical support elements are welded or connected by appropriately strong connections or ties at all intersections or contact points with the horizontal support elements needed to provide stability.
  • FIG. 8 top view shows the top view of a 22 module embodiment arranged in a radial distribution approximately in a solar insolation plane 14.
  • Figure 10 shows the representative and approximate shape of the vertical support elements and horizonal support elements that conform approximately to the predetermined solar insolation surface 18.
  • Figs 10A, 10B, IOC, 10D, 10E show vertical support elements 1 with two bends.
  • the first bend for the bottom of the vertical support element is identical for each vertical support element while the top bends vary in 5 degree increments from +15 degrees to -5 degrees for the different vertical support elements such that the solar modules can be approximately supported along the predetermined solar insolation surface.
  • the solar isolation surface is unsymmetrical. This can clearly be seen on Fig 9 (side view).
  • the vertical support elements and/or the horizontal support elements are made from steel Rebar or equivalent structural elements such as wrought iron, metal tubing or steel strapping material and are each sized and specified to support live loads, wind pressure and seismic force. These elements can be epoxy coated, galvanized, nickel plated, stainless steel or bare to suit both environment and aesthetic requirements. Alternate materials may also be used given they have sufficient strength to support the loads and forces for a duration.
  • the interior may be left exposed to fertile earth or filled with suitable material to support growth of a plant such that the foundation can act as a base for a planter ring.
  • the structure may be secured to such a circular foundation or any other type of foundation.
  • FIG. 5 A cross section of a circular foundation is illustrated in Figs 5 and 6.
  • Hooks 26 as depicted in Fig 5 may be fastened to concrete using epoxy adhesive or equivalent to secure either the lowest horizontal support elements 2 (Fig 5) or vertical support elements 1.
  • the structure as shown in Fig. 6 may be integrated directly into a foundation by first creating a partial foundation to a depth 25, allowing adequate drying time and then placing the invention on the partial foundation.
  • concrete or similar material(s) with specified strength may be used to complete the foundation and thus lock and secure the invention.
  • an embodiment may integrate a circular bench or planter ring as shown in the perspective drawing of Fig 7 that is constructed of appropriate materials to provide seating or a soil support with aesthetics and dimensions to meet requirements on the foundation.
  • Embodiments of the invention have dimensions that can be defined by the lengths and bend characteristics of the vertical support elements.
  • Vertical support elements can be bent by machine or by hand or both to a specified list of angles and to specified radii of curvature that scale with solar module quantity, size, interior void size and solar insolation surface.
  • Environmental conditions, geographic location and other site specific limitations drive the design of the predetermined solar insolation surface that dictate the height, size and number and bends of the vertical support elements.
  • the dimensions of all elements should be specified to protect modules, components and an interior plant or plants from animals or other dangers, if required.
  • An embodiment of the invention can vary in the number of vertical support elements and horizontal support elements as mentioned above.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention from the top where rebars or equivalent structural materials 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) are oriented in non-planar but almost flat (planar) orientation to support conventional c-channel or racking rail material 16 (Fig. 1) that secures each solar module 18 (Fig. 1) by spanning the approximate width of the module.
  • the c-channel or racking material is secured to the support structure using appropriate electrical construction hardware or equivalent, preferably stainless steel.
  • Solar module 18 is an AC module (photovoltaic), DC modules (photovoltaic) with microinverters or optimizers, or any other type of solar energy collection module.
  • An optional fine mesh or greenhouse material may be fixed between the upper surface of the rebars and the solar modules to prevent vegetative plant growth from interfering with solar module insolation. This may follow the solar insolation surface.
  • Embodiments should be grounded and/or lightning protected using conventional means that comply with NEC or equivalent regulations and/or other safety standards or equivalent.
  • the solar plant structure invention After the solar plant structure invention is constructed it is commissioned into service complying with NEC and local codes. Internal vegetative plant may require periodic trimming. If specific modules have been donated by individuals their continued output is periodically reported to the donor via the internet or other means as incentive for the further donations perhaps in other needy geographic areas (e.g. a school in Africa).
  • a new type of structure for mounting solar modules addresses the problem of solar access in several ways.
  • the structure can enclose a living plant and protect it and equipment. This allows improved acceptance and can provide a means for ground mounted solar to be classified as landscape by permitting authorities. This can make a large difference in the amount of area a land owner can use to mount solar modules.
  • the structure can make better use of recently developed solar technology like AC modules, microinverters and optimizers by allowing a solar designer to define a non-planar insolation surface that can be implemented using locally made materials. By allowing a custom non-planar design the solar plant support structure can more closely match loads, lower energy storage costs, energy transmission costs and make better use of limited solar access.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un nouveau type de structure pour monter des modules solaires qui traite le problème d'un accès solaire de plusieurs manières. Tout d'abord, la structure peut renfermer une plante vivante et la protéger ainsi qu'un équipement. Ceci permet une meilleure acceptation et peut constituer un moyen pour qu'un élément solaire monté sur le sol soit classé par des autorités compétentes comme faisant partie du paysage. Ceci peut faire une grande différence dans l'importance de la surface qu'un propriétaire terrien peut utiliser pour monter des modules solaires. De même, la structure peut faire un meilleur usage de la technologie solaire développée ces dernières années telle que les modules de courant alternatif (CA), les micro-onduleurs et les optimiseurs en permettant à un concepteur d'équipement solaire de prédéfinir une surface d'insolation non plane qui peut être mise en œuvre à l'aide de matériaux réalisés localement. En permettant une conception non plane personnalisée, la structure de support d'installation solaire peut s'adapter plus étroitement à des charges, réduire les coûts d'emmagasinage d'énergie, les coûts de transmission d'énergie et faire un meilleur usage d'un accès solaire limité.
PCT/US2013/053576 2013-02-05 2013-08-05 Structure de support d'installation solaire Ceased WO2014123577A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201313760007A 2013-02-05 2013-02-05
US13/760,007 2013-02-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014123577A1 true WO2014123577A1 (fr) 2014-08-14

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PCT/US2013/053576 Ceased WO2014123577A1 (fr) 2013-02-05 2013-08-05 Structure de support d'installation solaire

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WO (1) WO2014123577A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113767568A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2021-12-07 加拿大芯光道能技术有限公司 太阳能发电装置的多面的功率优化

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995006846A2 (fr) * 1993-08-23 1995-03-09 Goede Gabor Centrale solaire produisant de l'electricite et/ou de l'hydrogene
GB2302139A (en) * 1995-06-13 1997-01-08 Arthur Entwistle Solar energy system having a turbine
RU2200915C2 (ru) * 2000-11-27 2003-03-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная корпорация "Элевит" Способ создания мощных гелиоэнергоустановок
US20090188487A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Tilt Solar Llc Self ballasted celestial tracking apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995006846A2 (fr) * 1993-08-23 1995-03-09 Goede Gabor Centrale solaire produisant de l'electricite et/ou de l'hydrogene
GB2302139A (en) * 1995-06-13 1997-01-08 Arthur Entwistle Solar energy system having a turbine
RU2200915C2 (ru) * 2000-11-27 2003-03-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная корпорация "Элевит" Способ создания мощных гелиоэнергоустановок
US20090188487A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Tilt Solar Llc Self ballasted celestial tracking apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113767568A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2021-12-07 加拿大芯光道能技术有限公司 太阳能发电装置的多面的功率优化
EP3935733A4 (fr) * 2019-03-04 2022-11-23 Solar Earth Technologies Ltd. Optimisation de puissance de multiples faces d'un appareil de génération d'énergie solaire

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