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WO2014122604A1 - Anabolic ergogenic compositions based on polygonum fagopyrum - Google Patents

Anabolic ergogenic compositions based on polygonum fagopyrum Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014122604A1
WO2014122604A1 PCT/IB2014/058832 IB2014058832W WO2014122604A1 WO 2014122604 A1 WO2014122604 A1 WO 2014122604A1 IB 2014058832 W IB2014058832 W IB 2014058832W WO 2014122604 A1 WO2014122604 A1 WO 2014122604A1
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compositions
polygonum fagopyrum
polygonum
extract
treatment
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French (fr)
Inventor
Francesco Di Pierro
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Velleja Research SRL
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Velleja Research SRL
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/70—Polygonaceae (Buckwheat family), e.g. spineflower or dock
    • A61K36/704—Polygonum, e.g. knotweed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
    • A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4525—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
    • A61K31/683—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols
    • A61K31/685—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols one of the hydroxy compounds having nitrogen atoms, e.g. phosphatidylserine, lecithin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
    • A61K9/0095—Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2068—Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/4858—Organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
    • A61P21/06—Anabolic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
    • A61P5/24—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the sex hormones
    • A61P5/26—Androgens
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
    • A61P5/48—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones
    • A61P5/50—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones for increasing or potentiating the activity of insulin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of complexes of Polygonum fagopyrum extracts with phospholipids in the prevention or treatment of conditions, disorders or diseases involving a reduction in the level of endogenous testosterone in males, and compositions containing them.
  • Testosterone is the main hormone in the androgen group. In adult males, testosterone levels play a crucial role in vitality and good health, especially as regards the prevention of metabolic disorders such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and help to ensure fertility, because they promote the maturation of the spermatozoa in the testicles.
  • Testosterone also influences the quality and quantity of the sperm produced, because it operates on the seminal vesicles and the prostate, which are responsible for sperm production. Finally, the testosterone levels influence the libido, and a low libido level is often associated with a testosterone dysfunction.
  • the daily production of testosterone in males ranges from 5 to 7 milligrams, but tends to decline by 1% per annum after the age of 30. With aging, the testosterone level gradually declines, causing loss of bone mass, sexual dysfunction, lethargy, loss of muscle mass and strength.
  • the main functions of testosterone are:
  • Buckwheat (Polygonum fagopyrum) is a herbaceous annual plant belonging to the Polygonaceae family.
  • Buckwheat possesses all the nutritional characteristics of a cereal and a legume, although from the botanical standpoint it is neither a cereal (it does not belong to the Gramineae family) nor a legume (it does not belong to the Leguminosae or Fabaceae families).
  • the protein composition of buckwheat does not include the gliadins of gluten; this means that it can be used in all gluten-free foods suitable for individuals suffering from coeliac disease.
  • Complexing is performed at ambient temperature by mixing the two ingredients (extract and phospholipid) in aprotic solvent at the weight ratio of 1 :2, as described in US5043323.
  • the first aspect of the invention relates to complexing of Polygonum fagopyrum extract with phospholipids and its use in the prevention or treatment of a condition, disorder or disease involving a reduction in the endogenous testosterone level in males.
  • the invention also relates to compositions containing the phospholipid and Polygonum fagopyrum complex mixed with other active ingredients.
  • the Polygonum fagopyrum complex and the compositions according to the invention can be used in various fields, especially:
  • metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and insulin resistance
  • the ability of the Polygonum fagopyrum complex according to the invention to increase the testosterone levels also allows its use in sport as a natural anabolic substance, and to improve sporting performance.
  • a further subject of the present invention is therefore a composition containing a complex of Polygonum fagopyrum with phospholipids and piperine.
  • the Polygonum fagopyrum complex known as the "phytosome" can be prepared according to known techniques by mixing the extract with a phospholipid, typically phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylserine.
  • composition according to the invention can also contain a nitric oxide donor such as arginine, ornithine or citrulline, and one or more vitamins and/or mineral salts.
  • a nitric oxide donor such as arginine, ornithine or citrulline
  • vitamins and/or mineral salts such as arginine, ornithine or citrulline
  • Polygonum fagopyrum extract can be obtained by extraction with water/ethanol mixtures, for example in the ratio of 30:70 or 35:65 or 40:60, from the foliage or seeds of Polygonum fagopyrum.
  • Oral administration (100 mg/kg/day) of the extract thus obtained to the rat or mouse increases the free testosterone level by 15% and 19% respectively.
  • Oral administration of 500 mg/kg/day leads to a percentage increase of 45 and 52% respectively, indicating a significant dose-response relationship. Further dose increases (1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day) do not produce statistically significant increases compared with the administration of 500 mg/kg.
  • the results were obtained by administrating the extract in carboxymethylcellulose vs. a control containing carboxymethylcellulose only.
  • the duration of the treatment required to produce these results is 7 days.
  • compositions according to the invention can be formulated in a way suitable for oral administration, and can be prepared by conventional methods well known in pharmaceutical technology, such as those described in "Remington's Pharmaceutical Handbook", Mack Publishing Co., N.Y., USA, using excipients, diluents, fillers, anti-caking agents, flavourings and sweeteners acceptable for their final use.
  • suitable formulations are capsules, tablets, granulates, powders, solutions and suspensions.
  • the preferred formulations according to the invention are gastroprotected formulations, which can be obtained, for example, with cellulose derivatives and/or analogues and/or with natural gums like shellac.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Diabetes (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Endocrinology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Obesity (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
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  • Mycology (AREA)
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  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
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Abstract

Disclosed is an extract of Polygonum fagopyrum for use in the prevention or treatment of a condition, disorder or disease involving a reduction in the endogenous testosterone level in males.

Description

ANABOLIC ERGOGENIC COMPOSITIONS BASED ON POLYGONUM FAGOPYRUM
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the use of complexes of Polygonum fagopyrum extracts with phospholipids in the prevention or treatment of conditions, disorders or diseases involving a reduction in the level of endogenous testosterone in males, and compositions containing them.
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
Testosterone is the main hormone in the androgen group. In adult males, testosterone levels play a crucial role in vitality and good health, especially as regards the prevention of metabolic disorders such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and help to ensure fertility, because they promote the maturation of the spermatozoa in the testicles.
Testosterone also influences the quality and quantity of the sperm produced, because it operates on the seminal vesicles and the prostate, which are responsible for sperm production. Finally, the testosterone levels influence the libido, and a low libido level is often associated with a testosterone dysfunction.
The daily production of testosterone in males ranges from 5 to 7 milligrams, but tends to decline by 1% per annum after the age of 30. With aging, the testosterone level gradually declines, causing loss of bone mass, sexual dysfunction, lethargy, loss of muscle mass and strength.
The main functions of testosterone are:
1) to regulate the metabolic and sexual functions in collaboration with other hormones and neurotransmitters;
2) to increase muscle and protein anabolism, reducing insulin resistance;
3) to improve the cognitive faculties, reducing the risk of depression and dementia; 4) to increase bone anabolism, reducing the risk of osteoporosis;
5) to improve the blood circulation, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease;
6) to improve the penile circulation, leading to an improvement in erection-related phenomena and a reduced risk of erectile dysfunction.
Buckwheat (Polygonum fagopyrum) is a herbaceous annual plant belonging to the Polygonaceae family.
Buckwheat possesses all the nutritional characteristics of a cereal and a legume, although from the botanical standpoint it is neither a cereal (it does not belong to the Gramineae family) nor a legume (it does not belong to the Leguminosae or Fabaceae families). The protein composition of buckwheat does not include the gliadins of gluten; this means that it can be used in all gluten-free foods suitable for individuals suffering from coeliac disease.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It has now surprisingly been found that extraction from the foliage or seeds of Polygonum fagopyrum with water/ethanol mixtures in the ratio of 30:70 or 35:65 or 40:60, and complexing of the resulting extract with phospholipids, in particular with phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylserine, produces a preparation able to increase the free circulating testosterone level in males.
Complexing is performed at ambient temperature by mixing the two ingredients (extract and phospholipid) in aprotic solvent at the weight ratio of 1 :2, as described in US5043323.
The first aspect of the invention relates to complexing of Polygonum fagopyrum extract with phospholipids and its use in the prevention or treatment of a condition, disorder or disease involving a reduction in the endogenous testosterone level in males.
The invention also relates to compositions containing the phospholipid and Polygonum fagopyrum complex mixed with other active ingredients. The Polygonum fagopyrum complex and the compositions according to the invention can be used in various fields, especially:
- in geriatrics, for the prevention and treatment of disorders such as depression and cognitive deficit in the elderly;
- for the prevention and treatment of erectile dysfunction, such as hormone-dependent sexual impotence;
- for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and insulin resistance;
- for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia and forms of cachexia and/or physical wasting caused by a dietary protein deficiency.
The ability of the Polygonum fagopyrum complex according to the invention to increase the testosterone levels also allows its use in sport as a natural anabolic substance, and to improve sporting performance.
It has been observed that combining it with piperine (an alkaloid extracted from Piper nigrum or Piper longum) further increases the testosterone levels in the blood; a further subject of the present invention is therefore a composition containing a complex of Polygonum fagopyrum with phospholipids and piperine.
The Polygonum fagopyrum complex, known as the "phytosome", can be prepared according to known techniques by mixing the extract with a phospholipid, typically phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylserine.
The composition according to the invention can also contain a nitric oxide donor such as arginine, ornithine or citrulline, and one or more vitamins and/or mineral salts.
Polygonum fagopyrum extract can be obtained by extraction with water/ethanol mixtures, for example in the ratio of 30:70 or 35:65 or 40:60, from the foliage or seeds of Polygonum fagopyrum.
Oral administration (100 mg/kg/day) of the extract thus obtained to the rat or mouse increases the free testosterone level by 15% and 19% respectively. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg/day leads to a percentage increase of 45 and 52% respectively, indicating a significant dose-response relationship. Further dose increases (1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day) do not produce statistically significant increases compared with the administration of 500 mg/kg.
The results were obtained by administrating the extract in carboxymethylcellulose vs. a control containing carboxymethylcellulose only. The duration of the treatment required to produce these results is 7 days.
The addition of piperine under the same experimental conditions, at the ratio of 1 :10 with the Polygonum fagopyrum extract, produced an increase in free testosterone of 8 and 11 percentage points in the rat and mouse respectively. The increase rose by a further 5 and 9 percentage points in the rat and mouse respectively when the Polygonum fagopyrum extract complexed with lipid vectors such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylserine was used to give the "phytosome".
The compositions according to the invention can be formulated in a way suitable for oral administration, and can be prepared by conventional methods well known in pharmaceutical technology, such as those described in "Remington's Pharmaceutical Handbook", Mack Publishing Co., N.Y., USA, using excipients, diluents, fillers, anti-caking agents, flavourings and sweeteners acceptable for their final use. Examples of suitable formulations are capsules, tablets, granulates, powders, solutions and suspensions.
The preferred formulations according to the invention are gastroprotected formulations, which can be obtained, for example, with cellulose derivatives and/or analogues and/or with natural gums like shellac.
Some formulation examples are set out below. Example 1
Film-coated tablets (unit dose):
Polygonum fagopyrum phytosome extract 500 mg
Vegetable magnesium stearate 200 mg Titanium dioxide 50 mg
Shellac 10 mg Example 2
Gastroprotected capsules (unit dose)
Polygonum fagopyrum phytosome extract 750 mg Piperine 75 mg Example 3
Single-dose sachets (unit dose)
Polygonum fagopyrum phytosome extract 1500 mg
Piperine 50 mg Refined sucrose 4000 mg
Anhydrous citric acid 200 mg
Sucrose ester 30 mg
Orange flavouring 200 mg Example 4
Single-dose sachets (unit dose)
Polygonum fagopyrum phytosome extract 1500 mg
Piperine 50 mg
L-arginine 500 mg
Refined sucrose 4000 mg Anhydrous citric acid 200 mg
Sucrose ester 30 mg
Orange flavouring 200 mg

Claims

1. Complexes of Polygonum fagopyrum extract with phospholipids.
2. Complexes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phospholipids are chosen from phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine.
3. Complexes as claimed in claims 1 and 2 for use as anabolic agents, for the improvement of sporting performance, in the prevention and treatment of depression and cognitive deficit in the elderly, and in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, male infertility, metabolic disorders, sarcopenia, and forms of cachexia caused by low protein intake.
4. Compositions containing a complex as claimed in claims 1 and 2 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
5. Compositions as claimed in claim 4, also containing piperine.
6. Compositions as claimed in claim 4 or 5, also containing a nitric oxide donor.
7. Compositions as claimed in claim 6, wherein the nitric oxide donor is arginine, ornithine or citrulline.
8. Compositions as claimed in claims 4-7, also containing one or more vitamins and/or mineral salts.
9. Compositions as claimed in claims 4-8, in gastroprotected form.
PCT/IB2014/058832 2013-02-07 2014-02-06 Anabolic ergogenic compositions based on polygonum fagopyrum Ceased WO2014122604A1 (en)

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ITMI2013A000171 2013-02-07
IT000171A ITMI20130171A1 (en) 2013-02-07 2013-02-07 ERGOGENIC-ANABOLIZING COMPOSITIONS BASED ON POLYGONUM FAGOPYRUM

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OBARA T., YUASA K.: "Studies on the conjugated lipids of Fagopyrum sagittatum (buckwheat) flour Sanako. I. Analysis of phospholipids.", JOURNAL OF THE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1969 DEPT. AGRIC. CHEM., UNIV. OF EDUCTION, KOMABA, TOKYO, JAPAN, vol. 43, no. 2, 1 January 1969 (1969-01-01), JOURNAL OF THE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1969 DEPT. AGRIC. CHEM., UNIV. OF EDUCATION, KOMABA, TOKYO, JAPAN, pages 91, XP008168256 *
YAMAGUCHI MASAYOSHI ET AL: "Anabolic effects of bee pollen Cistus ladaniferus extract on bone components in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues of rats in vitro and in vivo", JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE, vol. 52, no. 1, February 2006 (2006-02-01), pages 43 - 49, XP008168264, ISSN: 1344-9702 *

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WO2021132897A1 (en) * 2019-12-27 2021-07-01 경희대학교 산학협력단 Composition for prevention, amelioration, or treatment of cancer cachexia comprising piperine

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