WO2014110983A1 - Building with gas supply duct - Google Patents

Abstract

A building has a gas supply duct (3). The gas supply duct (3) has a gas outlet (5) in a proper position of a floor, and a gas inlet (7) of the gas supply duct (3) extends to the outside of the building and communicates with gas outside the building.

Description

 Building with gas supply pipe

 The application relates to a building.

Background technique

 Combustible decoration, chemical fiber carpets, and foam-filled furniture are often used in modern buildings. These combustibles generate large amounts of toxic fumes and heat during combustion, while consuming large amounts of oxygen. In building fires, smoke is the main reason that prevents people from escaping and causes the death of trapped people. According to statistics from the UK on the causes of casualties in fires, those who died as a result of carbon monoxide poisoning or were killed by other toxic fumes generally accounted for the total number of deaths.

40%~50%, and most of the people who were burned were first poisoned and stunned and burned to death. When a fire occurs, the combustion consumes a lot of oxygen, which causes the oxygen concentration in the air to drop significantly. People in this low-oxygen environment for a long time will cause breathing disorders, loss of reason, sputum, bruises, and even suffocation. death. When the fire in the building is burning, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated. When people are exposed to 10% to 20% of carbon dioxide, they may cause dizziness, coma, difficulty breathing, and even paralysis of the nerve center system, which may cause people to lose consciousness. Lead to death. In addition, there are some gases that are more irritating to the human body, making it impossible to see the direction, and the familiar environment will become unrecognizable with its evacuation route and exit. People can correctly judge the visibility of the direction away from the danger in the smog environment. The minimum is 5 meters. When the person's field of vision falls below 3 meters, it is very difficult to escape from the scene. In the smoke, people are extremely unstable, and they will have a sense of terror, which will cause panic and cause great difficulties for the organization to evacuate the fire. At the same time, the smoke has a shading effect, which will cause great obstacles to evacuation and rescue activities. Therefore, the harm of smoke to the human body is mainly caused by suffocation caused by burning toxic gases and stimulation of human organs and high temperature. At present, there are two ways to control smoke, such as "smoke prevention" and "smoke exhaustion". When people encounter smoke in their escape, they can only do half a squat or squat forward to breathe the uncontaminated fresh air on the residual ground. Use an escape mask or a wet towel or a damp cloth to block the smoke. However, the above schemes cannot prevent escapers from being trapped by smoke during the escape from the fire, posing a life threat. How to avoid the harm of people to smoke in the event of a building fire is an urgent need to break through.

Summary of the invention

 The purpose of the present application is to provide a building which, when a fire occurs in a building, prevents the smoke generated by the fire from harming the human body when the person flees or avoids.

 In order to achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a building, the building is provided with a gas supply pipe, and the gas supply pipe is provided with an air outlet at a suitable position on the floor, and the air inlet of the air supply pipe extends to the office The outside of the building communicates with the gas outside the building. The gas supply pipe extends downward and extends to the outside of the building. Since the smoke generated during the fire is upward, the air below the building is generally not There will be smog, such as the possibility of smog appearing at a distance of 10 meters to the outside of the building;

 Wherein, the structure of the building is provided with an air supply duct inside or outside the structure, and the inside of the structure includes the pillar or beam or the plate or the shear wall or the brick wall of the above building, and the outer side of the structure includes the outer side of the pillar or the outer side of the beam Or the outside of the board or the outside of the shear wall or the outside of the brick wall or the outside of the steel structure or the side of the glass curtain;

 Wherein, the suitable location includes a stairwell or a walkway or rest platform or a bathroom or window or balcony or in a bedroom or living room or on a building floor;

 Wherein, the stairwell or the walkway is provided with an air outlet at intervals;

Wherein, the air outlet of the air supply pipe is connected with a roll of air outlet pipe, and the one air outlet pipe is expandable and extendable, and the air outlet is disposed in a box provided with a cover, and the above-mentioned one air outlet pipe is also disposed at Above In the casing of the lid, the technical solution is that the gas supply pipe extends into the casing provided with the lid, and the gas outlet of the gas supply pipe is located in the casing and is provided with a valve, and the casing is further provided with a roll. The air outlet tube, when the user opens the lid and opens the wide door, and then uses the mouth to inhale the air outlet, the user can also take out the above-mentioned one-piece air outlet to connect with the air outlet and open the ceramic door, pull out the air outlet and suck the mouth. gas.

 Wherein, the air outlet is provided with a switch or a valve or a cover or a pressure regulator, and the air outlet and the switch or the valve or the pressure regulator are disposed in a box, and the pressure regulator is used to adjust the gas flow rate of the air outlet, The technical solution is that the air outlet is not provided with a switch or a valve or a pressure regulator, and the air outlet is disposed in a sealed non-combustible box with a cover, and the cover and the sealed box form a switch for the air outlet. When the cover is opened, an air outlet can be used. When the air inlet of the air supply pipe is connected with the positive pressure air supply device, the positive pressure air supply device is activated during a fire, and the sealed box body is filled with the building. The incoming gas that is not contaminated by smoke forms a positive pressure in the sealed box, and the user can open the lid to inhale the gas discharged from the air outlet;

 Wherein, the air outlet is disposed in the box body, and the technical solution is that the air outlet is disposed in the sealed box with the lid, and the air outlet is connected with a small mouth of a trumpet-shaped sealed bag, the trumpet-shaped The large opening of the sealed bag forms a new air outlet space, and the user's head or face can enter the above-mentioned flared sealed bag, and the sealed bag is disposed in the sealed box;

 Wherein, the air inlet of the air supply pipe is connected to the gas filtering device or connected to the air cleaning chamber or to the oxygen chamber or to the fresh air air conditioning room;

 Wherein, the air inlet of the air supply pipe is connected to the fan or connected to the positive pressure air supply device or connected to the air pump or connected to the air compressor, and the power supply of the fan or the positive pressure air supply device or the air pump or the air compressor is used. a power supply line of a power supply line or a public power supply line or other building;

 Wherein, one end of the air supply pipe is connected with a coil of hose, and an air inlet of the hose is an air inlet of the air supply duct, and an air inlet of the air supply duct is movable, and the solution is The air inlet of the air supply duct is disposed beside the green plant outside the building.

After adopting the above technical solution, we can set one or more air outlets at intervals on the inner wall of the walkway and stairwell. When the building fires, people walk through the stairwell to escape from the building, when the walkway or stairwell When filled with smoke, people who escape will be blocked by smoke and cannot pass through the walkway or stairwell. After adopting the above technical solution, the escaped person can open the valve or switch to inhale the air through the outlet, due to the intake of the gas supply pipe. The port is disposed on the outer side of the building and is not affected by the smoke, or the air inlet of the air supply pipe is connected to the gas filtering device or connected to the air cleaning room or connected to the oxygen chamber or the fresh air air conditioning room, as described in the above technical solution. Then even if the smoke spreads there, the gas entering the gas supply pipe from the above-mentioned air inlet is not polluted by the smoke, so that the air which is not affected by the smoke can be sucked by the air outlet, and the switch should be turned off after the user takes in the air. To prevent smoke from seeping into the gas supply line, then hold the breath forward for a period of time, such as 5-20 seconds, in another Air outlet exhaled air, while the other outlet opening through said further switch after the switch off the air outlet opening of the intake air to move forward, so that the cycle can not continue to advance and smoke inhalation, thus ensuring safety of life and can escape from the building. Of course, the best solution is to connect a positive pressure air supply device or a positive pressure air supply device to one end of the air inlet. When a fire occurs, the positive pressure air supply device is automatically activated or manually activated, so that the escaped person can open the valve or switch of the air outlet and pass the valve. The air outlet receives air as described above, so that the air can be sucked into the air by the air outlet, and the user inhales the air to ensure the oxygen demand of the user. It is okay to forget to turn off the switch, because the gas in the gas supply pipe is continuously pressurized by the gas supply device to prevent the infiltration of smoke from the gas outlet, so that the escape person inhales and holds the breath for a period of time, such as 5-20 In seconds, the air is exhaled at the other air outlet, and then the air is taken in through the other air outlet to continue the advancement, so that the escaped person can advance without inhaling the smoke, thereby ensuring the safety of life and escaping from the fire building. Set multiple air outlets in each position to meet the needs of multiple people in the same position, when I When the air outlet is set to move out a section of the air outlet, it can meet the convenience of the escape personnel to use the air outlet. The above technical solution also has the following advantages: the internal structure of the building Or the outer side of the structure is provided with a gas supply pipe. The structure of the above structure includes a column or beam or a plate or a shear wall or a brick wall of the above building. Since the gas supply pipe is disposed inside the mechanism of the above building, the structure of the building occurs in the event of a fire. It plays the role of fire and heat insulation, and protects the gas supply pipeline. The gas supply pipeline is embedded in the structure of the above-mentioned building with small-diameter stainless steel pipe or iron pipe, which has little influence on the structural design or structural design. It is easy to strengthen, so that the design at the stage of architectural design will not affect the appearance and use of the building. If the building has been built or put into use, then the gas supply pipe can be installed in the building according to the above technical scheme. Outside the structure, the outside of the structure includes the outside of the column or the outside of the beam or the outside of the plate or the outside of the shear wall or the outside of the brick wall or the outside of the steel structure or the side of the glass curtain, which will bring the surface effect of the building It must be affected, but the optimal design of the gas supply pipeline according to the layout design of the building can minimize the impact, and the gas supply pipeline of the peripheral needs to be brushed. The fireproof coating acts as a fire and heat insulation; and the air outlet is arranged at the stairwell or walkway or rest platform or bathroom or window or balcony or in the bedroom or living room or on the floor or corner, when the air outlet is at every other interval When set up in stairwells or walkways, escape personnel can be provided with continuous oxygen-free gas that is not polluted by smoke during the escape from the building, ensuring that escapers are not trapped by smoke from walkways or stairwells, even if they are fleeing The process is surrounded by flames. Escapers can also rely on the gas inhaling the air outlet to continue life and wait for the rescue or wait for the flame to extinguish. Continue to escape. When the air outlet is installed in the bathroom, because the flammable objects in the bathroom are few, the escape personnel avoid There is almost no possibility of being burnt by the flame in the bathroom, and there is sufficient water supply in the bathroom. Even if there is a partial fire, it can be extinguished with water. The water source in the bathroom can also provide the escape personnel with the need to drink water and can cool down. , but the bathroom is easily filled with smoke, now the escape is not Undoubtedly, we will not evade the bathroom. After adopting the above technical solution, we have the above air outlet in the bathroom. When the fire occurs, the bathroom can be a good refuge. At this time, the escape personnel only need to avoid entering the bathroom. Keep it as close as possible to prevent smoke from entering the bathroom. Even if the toilet enters the smog and fills the bathroom, it is okay. The escape personnel can ensure that fresh air is not polluted by relying on the air outlet provided in the bathroom. We can set two in the bathroom. Or more air outlets, each air outlet is connected to a separate air supply duct, the purpose of which is to ensure that if there is a problem with one gas supply pipeline system, other gas supply pipelines can still work, which ensures the inside of the toilet The supply of fresh gas, here is shown that an air outlet can be used by many people. The specific method is that one person breathes and breathes and lets another person use it. Because a person inhales a fresh gas, it can last for many seconds. During this time, the air outlet can be interspersed and provided to others. Use, when the air outlet is set on the balcony, the escape personnel can use the air outlet to continue the life waiting for rescue on the balcony. In the past, many escape personnel fled to the balcony and waited for rescue. Because the smoke rushed out of the room and filled the balcony, the combustibles were very Less, but the spread of smoke will make escapers suffocate, so many escaped people often climbed off the balcony and hang outside the balcony. Finally, they lost their physical strength and fell to the ground. Some escapers jumped directly from the building. According to statistics, the escape from jumping in the fire accident Persons account for one-third of the death toll. When a building fires, people are often trapped near the window. If trapped by smoke, escape personnel often use dangerous actions to climb out of the window, because the smoke flows faster than the flame. The speed of the spread, so in the past accident cases, most of the jumpers were forced to climb out of the window or jump off the building because the room was filled with smoke. When the above technical solution was adopted, the above air outlets were placed beside the windows of the bedroom or living room, the escapers were on the heart. There is an escape method, and the trapped escape can quickly The combustibles on the side of the window prevent open flames from the window. After cleaning the combustibles near the window, the escape personnel can inhale fresh gas through the air outlet at the window to maintain their life and wait for rescue. If there is a fireproof cloth next to the window, Is to increase the possibility of being rescued, because the fireproof cloth can block the damage of the human body caused by the flame and the high temperature; and the gas supply pipe extends into the box body provided with the lid, and the gas outlet of the gas supply pipe is located in the box body and A valve is arranged, and a coiled air outlet tube is further disposed in the box body. When in use, the user opens the lid and opens the valve, and then uses the mouth to inhale the air outlet. The user can also take out the above-mentioned one-piece air outlet and connect the air outlet and open. The valve and the outlet pipe are sucked by the mouth, which increases the convenience of use; further, the air outlet is provided with a switch or a valve or a cover or a pressure regulator, the air outlet and the above switch or valve or pressure The regulator is arranged in a box. Normally, the above switch or valve is closed to ensure that the insect does not enter the air supply pipe. The regulator is used to adjust the gas flow rate at the air outlet to ensure the air pressure and high floor of the air outlet of the lower floor of the building. The air pressure at the air outlet is basically the same, and at the same time, the user is comfortable to use the air flow. The technical solution is that the air outlet is not provided with a switch or a valve or a pressure regulator, and the air outlet is disposed in a sealed non-combustible belt. In the casing with the lid, the lid and the sealed box form a switch for the gas outlet, and the outlet is opened to open the outlet, and when the inlet of the gas supply pipe is connected with the positive pressure air supply device, the fire When the positive pressure air blowing device is activated, the sealed casing is filled with gas which is not polluted by the outside of the building and forms a positive pressure in the sealed casing, and the user can open the cover and discharge it from the air outlet. Gas, which is an effective and convenient technical solution; and the gas outlet of the gas supply pipe is arranged in a sealed box with a lid, and the air inlet of the gas supply pipe is connected with the positive pressure air supply device. The air outlet is connected to a small opening of a trumpet-shaped sealed bag, and the large opening of the trumpet-shaped sealed bag forms a new air outlet space, the user's head or face The sealing bag is disposed in the sealed casing, and the sealing bag is folded into the casing. When the user opens the valve of the lid and the outlet, the positive pressure gas flows into the casing. In the above sealed bag, the user can put the head into the sealed bag to breathe or cover the mouth or nose with a large opening of the sealed bag. If smoke is infiltrated into the sealed bag during use, the user can easily squeeze The sealed bag is used to squeeze out the smoke out of the sealed bag for use. This has good convenience. The most simple solution is that the air outlet is directly placed in the box. When using, the user opens the valve at the air outlet, and the air outlet has a positive pressure. When the gas flows out, the user only needs to use the mouth to align the fresh gas with the gas outlet; and the air inlet of the gas supply pipe is connected with the gas filtering device or connected to the air cleaning chamber or connected to the oxygen chamber or with the fresh air air conditioner. The machine room is connected, which ensures that the fresh gas entering the gas supply pipe from the air inlet is not polluted; and the air inlet of the gas supply pipe is connected to the fan or positive pressure The gas equipment is connected or connected to the air pump or connected to the air compressor. This ensures that the air outlet provided in the building has a positive pressure airflow and ensures that the smoke generated during the fire does not seep into the air supply duct, and this is convenient for the user to suck. Convenience and efficiency of gas, the power supply of the above-mentioned fan or positive pressure air supply equipment or air pump or air compressor adopts the power supply line of the municipal power supply line or the public power supply line of the community or other buildings, which ensures the fan or positive pressure air supply equipment or air pump Or the power supply required for the operation of the air compressor is not affected by the power failure during the fire of the building; and one end of the air supply pipe is connected with a coil of hose, and the air inlet of the hose is the supply The air inlet of the air pipe, the air inlet of the air supply pipe can be moved, which ensures that if the fire generates smoke spread to the air inlet in the event of a fire, then we can move the air inlet to the place where there is no smoke, because The above-mentioned one-volume hose can be deployed and extended to move.

DRAWINGS

 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an air outlet of a gas supply pipe disposed beside a window according to a first embodiment of the present application;

 Figure 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present application;

 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the air outlet of the air supply duct in the stairwell according to the second embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

 As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air outlet of a gas supply pipe disposed beside a window. The building 1 is provided with a gas supply pipe 3, which is provided beside the window 6 of the floor and other windows. The air outlet 5, the air inlet 7 of the air supply duct 3 extends to the outside of the building 1 to communicate with the air outside the building 1, and the air inlet 7 of the air supply duct 3 is connected to the air compressor 2, When a fire breaks out in Building 1, when people are forced to the window by the fire, the smoke will quickly fill the room and flow out of the window. At this time, the flame often does not spread to the window or spreads to the window at all, but the smoke will suffocate. Therefore, in the past, people often lost their lives because of the inability to breathe, or the result of jumping off the building. After adopting the above technical solution, the escape personnel can breathe fresh air through the air outlet 5 to avoid danger without rushing to jump off the building or causing life due to inhalation of smoke. Danger, this can at least extend the waiting time for rescue.

As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present application. The building 1 is provided with a gas supply pipe 3, and the gas supply pipe 3 is provided with an air outlet 5 beside the window 6, and the gas supply pipe 3 is provided. The air inlet extends to the outside of the building 1 to communicate with the air outside the building 1, and the air outlet 5 is disposed in the casing 9 with the cover 8, and the cover 8 and the casing 9 are made of stainless steel. In order to prevent fire and high temperature, the user can open the lid 8 and use the mouth to inhale against the air outlet 5 during use. Of course, we can also provide a coil of air outlet in the box 9 to be connected with the air outlet 5, When the lid 8 is opened, the above-mentioned one-out air outlet tube is taken out and extended for use, which can increase the convenience of use. The end 10 of the air supply duct 3 extends out of the roof surface 11, and the above-mentioned end head 10 is provided with a valve. Open the wide door and inject the disinfectant cleaning liquid from the top down to clean the air supply pipe.

 As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the air outlet of the air supply duct in the stairwell according to the second embodiment of the present application. The air supply duct is arranged in the wall of the stairwell of the building 15, and the air supply duct is downward. Extending to the bottom of the building 15 and extending a distance to the outside of the building 15, the air inlet of the air supply duct is located outside the building 15, and the air inlet of the air supply duct is connected to the positive air supply device and the air filter. The air outlet of the air supply duct is arranged on the wall surface at intervals of the stairwell. As shown in FIG. 3, the air outlet 12 and the air outlet 13 are arranged on the wall surface of the fifth floor of the stairwell of the building 15. , the air outlet 16, the air outlet 17, the air outlet 18, a distance between them, as shown in Figure 3, the first wall of the stairwell, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth floor The wall surface is arranged with the air outlet of the air supply duct, so that when the building 15 is in a fire, the positive pressure air supply device is automatically activated or manually activated, so that the escape personnel of the fifth floor can be inhaled through the air outlet 12 smoke The air affected by the fog, the user sucks the air and then holds the breath and continues to move downward. At this time, if the user forgets to close the valve of the air outlet 12, it does not matter, because the gas in the air supply pipe is constantly affected by the positive pressure air supply device. The air outlet 12 discharges the gas to prevent the infiltration of the smoke, so that the escape person inhales and holds the breath for a period of time, such as 3-10 seconds, exhaling air at the other air outlet 13 or the air outlet 16 and passing through the air outlet. 13 or the air outlet 16 continues to squat before inhaling the air, so that the escaper can safely move forward without inhaling the smoke, thereby ensuring the safety of life and escaping from the building.

Claims

^ ^ ^ a building characterized in that: the building is provided with an air supply duct, and the air supply duct is provided with an air outlet at a suitable position of the floor, the air inlet of the air supply duct extending to the outer side of the building and the The gas outside the building is connected. The building according to claim 1, wherein an air supply duct is provided inside or outside the structure of the building. The building of claim 1 wherein: said suitable location comprises a stairwell or a walkway or rest platform or a bathroom or window or balcony or in a bedroom or living room or on a building floor. The building according to claim 3, wherein: the stairwell or the walkway is provided with an air outlet at intervals. The building according to claim 1, wherein: the air outlet of the air supply duct is connected to a coil of air outlet, and the one coil of the air outlet is extendable for use. The building of claim 1 wherein: said air outlet is provided with a switch or valve or cover or pressure regulator. The building according to claim 1, wherein: the air outlet is disposed in the casing. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet of the air supply duct is connected to the gas filtering device or to the air cleaning chamber or to the oxygen chamber or to the fresh air air conditioning room. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet of the air supply duct is connected to the fan or to the positive pressure air supply device or to the air pump or to the air compressor. 0. The building according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the air supply pipe is connected with a coil of hose, and an air inlet of the hose is an air inlet of the air supply duct, and the air supply is The air inlet of the pipe can be moved.