WO2014103185A1 - 濃縮糖化液製造方法 - Google Patents
濃縮糖化液製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014103185A1 WO2014103185A1 PCT/JP2013/007087 JP2013007087W WO2014103185A1 WO 2014103185 A1 WO2014103185 A1 WO 2014103185A1 JP 2013007087 W JP2013007087 W JP 2013007087W WO 2014103185 A1 WO2014103185 A1 WO 2014103185A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
- C13K1/02—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
- C13K1/04—Purifying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/02—Monosaccharides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
- C12P7/10—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
- B01D2311/2649—Filtration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P2203/00—Fermentation products obtained from optionally pretreated or hydrolyzed cellulosic or lignocellulosic material as the carbon source
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing bioethanol by performing saccharification (hydrolysis), concentration, fermentation and distillation using hemicellulose or cellulose in lignocellulosic biomass such as woody biomass or herbaceous biomass as a raw material.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a concentrated saccharified solution, wherein the pigment component is selectively removed from the saccharified solution before.
- Lignocellulosic biomass including woody biomass, is composed of approximately 20% hemicellulose, approximately 50% cellulose, and approximately 30% lignin. Hemicellulose and cellulose are decomposed into saccharides by saccharification treatment, and ethanol can be produced by further fermenting using a fermentation microorganism such as yeast. C5 saccharide and C6 saccharide are obtained by saccharification of hemicellulose, and C6 saccharide is obtained by saccharification of cellulose.
- a typical saccharification method of lignocellulosic biomass there are a hydrolysis method using a strong acid, a hydrolysis method using an enzyme, and a hydrolysis method using high-temperature and high-pressure water in a supercritical or subcritical state.
- C5 saccharide refers to a pentose such as xylose or arabinose and its oligosaccharide.
- C6 saccharides refer to hexoses such as glucose or galactose and their oligosaccharides.
- Lignin contained in lignocellulosic biomass is not hydrolyzed by saccharides and does not become a raw material for producing bioethanol.
- the enzymatic hydrolysis method inhibits efficient enzymatic saccharification
- the acid hydrolysis method also inhibits hydrolysis of cellulose or hemicellulose. Inhibit.
- lignin and its decomposition products are mixed in the saccharified solution, so that the saccharified solution is colored or fermentation is inhibited in the subsequent fermentation step. For this reason, in the bioethanol production method, it is an important issue to remove lignin and its decomposition products from biomass or saccharified liquid.
- Patent Document 1 hydrolyzes biomass, treats the obtained hydrolyzate with a wood-based carbide, and adds a fermentation inhibitor such as furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, guaiacol, or vanillin contained in the hydrolyzate. A method of removal is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that a fermentation inhibitor is released from biomass and removed by bringing biomass and ammonia water into contact with each other. Patent Document 2 also discloses that solids are removed from the biomass pretreatment liquid by means such as liquid removal, decanting, centrifugation or filtration before the saccharification step.
- Patent Document 1 a method of treating a biomass saccharified solution with an adsorbent or ion exchange resin such as activated carbon and removing fermentation inhibitors has a high regeneration cost of the adsorbent or ion exchange resin, It cannot be said that the removal rate of fermentation inhibitors is high. Moreover, there existed a problem that a saccharified solution remained in the adsorbent or the ion exchange resin, or a part of the saccharide was adsorbed by the adsorbent or the ion exchange resin, resulting in sugar loss.
- an adsorbent or ion exchange resin such as activated carbon
- the saccharified solution obtained by saccharification treatment of biomass is not suitable for alcoholic fermentation because the sugar concentration is low as it is. For this reason, it is common to perform alcoholic fermentation after concentrating the saccharified solution to increase the sugar concentration, but lignin and its degradation products not only inhibit fermentation but also generate fouling in the reverse osmosis membrane. And easily reduce the permeation flux of the reverse osmosis membrane.
- lignin and decomposition products thereof are difficult to remove depending on an adsorbent such as activated carbon or an ion exchange resin.
- the present invention includes concentrated saccharification using lignocellulosic biomass as a raw material, including a pretreatment method that can easily remove lignin and its degradation products contained in the saccharified liquid and reduce the load of the concentration process of the saccharified liquid. It aims at providing the manufacturing method of a liquid.
- the present inventors filtered the biomass saccharified solution with a membrane separation apparatus equipped with a separation membrane having a molecular weight cut-off of 1000 or more and 7000 or less, and reversed the filtrate. If supplied to the osmosis membrane device or nanofiltration membrane device, the molecular weight of the separation membrane is larger than the molecular weight of the separation membrane, and fouling is likely to occur in the reverse osmosis membrane or nanofiltration membrane.
- the present inventors have found that a saccharide having a molecular weight smaller than the molecular weight and suitable for alcohol fermentation can be easily separated, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention A saccharification step of hydrolyzing cellulosic biomass to obtain a saccharified solution; A filtration step of filtering the saccharified solution with a membrane separator; A concentration step of concentrating the filtered saccharified solution by a reverse osmosis membrane device or a nanofiltration membrane device; A method for producing a concentrated saccharified solution comprising:
- the membrane separator is a membrane separator provided with a separation membrane having a molecular weight cut-off in the range of 1000 or more and 7000 or less,
- the said filtration process is related with the manufacturing method of concentrated saccharified liquid which is a process of supplying the filtrate of the said membrane separator to the said reverse osmosis membrane apparatus or the said nanofiltration membrane apparatus.
- the saccharified solution is colored by filtration through a membrane separation device including a separation membrane having a fractional molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 7000.
- the lignin having a molecular weight larger than the molecular weight cut off of the separation membrane and its decomposition product, which is a pigment component, cannot pass through the separation membrane, as is the case with the solid matter.
- saccharides having a molecular weight smaller than that of the separation membrane and having a low molecular weight that is suitable as a substrate for alcohol fermentation are contained in the filtrate.
- the filtered saccharified solution is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane device or the nanofiltration membrane device, fouling hardly occurs in the reverse osmosis membrane device or the nanofiltration membrane device, and the saccharide suitable for alcohol fermentation is contained in a high concentration.
- a concentrated saccharified solution can be obtained.
- loss of saccharides contained in the saccharified solution can be prevented and fouling of the reverse osmosis membrane used for concentration of the saccharified solution can be easily prevented.
- the schematic flowchart of the ethanol manufacturing method which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is shown.
- the schematic flowchart of the ethanol manufacturing method which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention is shown.
- a schematic flow diagram of a conventional ethanol production method using an adsorbent is shown.
- transmission flow rate is shown.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of an ethanol production method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Lignocellulosic biomass for example, plant biomass such as bagasse, sugar beet residue, or straw
- the pulverized cellulosic biomass is stirred by adding water to be slurried.
- the water content of the prepared raw slurry is preferably adjusted to 50% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less.
- an acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid or acetic acid may be appropriately added to the raw slurry as an acid catalyst.
- the acid concentration in the raw slurry is preferably adjusted to 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.
- the raw material slurry is saccharified by a known biomass saccharification method such as a hydrolysis method using a strong acid, a hydrolysis method using an enzyme, or a hydrolysis method using high-temperature and high-pressure water in a supercritical or subcritical state. can get.
- a saccharification method in which acid or alkali is added to the raw material slurry, it is preferable to neutralize the saccharified solution before the fermentation step described later.
- the saccharides contained in the saccharified solution obtained by the saccharification step are all monosaccharides such as glucose.
- the biomass saccharified solution is solid-liquid separated using a solid-liquid separation device such as a screw press, a decanter, a filter press, a vacuum dehydrator or a thickener, and the solid content concentration is 0.1% by mass or less. It is preferable to adjust.
- the saccharified solution adjusted to a solid content concentration of 0.1% by mass or less is transferred to the filtration step.
- the saccharified solution is supplied to a membrane separation device.
- the membrane separation apparatus includes a separation membrane having a molecular weight cut-off in the range of 1000 to 7000.
- the fractional molecular weight of the separation membrane is preferably set according to the calculated average molecular weight of the saccharide or pigment component obtained by analyzing the saccharified solution obtained in the saccharification step.
- Monosaccharide having a molecular weight of less than 1000 passes through the separation membrane and is contained in the filtrate.
- sugars that are not suitable for fermentation with a molecular weight of 1000 or more, and pigment components (lignin and its degradation products) coloring the saccharified liquid cannot pass through the separation membrane, and the upstream side of the membrane separation device (primary) together with the concentrate Drained from the side).
- the separation membrane is an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane) or a nanofiltration membrane (NF membrane).
- the molecular weight cutoff of the separation membrane is preferably 1000 to 7000.
- the filtrate of the membrane separator is also free from suspended solids (solid matter), and is taken out from the downstream side (secondary side) of the membrane separator, and is a reverse osmosis membrane device (RO membrane device) or nano-concentrator. It is supplied to the filtration membrane device (NF membrane device).
- the saccharified solution supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane device or the nanofiltration membrane device is concentrated so that the sugar concentration is 15% by mass or more suitable for alcohol fermentation.
- the concentrated saccharified liquid (concentrated saccharified liquid) is supplied to a fermenter and subjected to a fermentation process.
- the permeated water of the reverse osmosis membrane or nanofiltration membrane is drained from the downstream side (secondary side) of the reverse osmosis membrane device or nanofiltration membrane device.
- the concentrated saccharified solution in the fermenter is fermented by a known brewing method using yeast or alcohol-fermenting bacteria to produce ethanol. After completion of the fermentation process, the fermented liquor containing ethanol is supplied to the distillation apparatus.
- distillation process The fermentation broth is distilled by a distillation apparatus to concentrate ethanol. Components other than solid matter and ethanol are removed from the distillate obtained by the distillation step, and bioethanol is taken out from the distillation apparatus.
- a known distillation method can be adopted as a method for producing distilled liquor.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of an ethanol production method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the configuration and the flow are the same as those in Embodiment 1 except that the saccharified solution obtained by the saccharification step contains a monosaccharide such as glucose and an oligosaccharide having a molecular weight of less than 1000 as the saccharide.
- Oligosaccharides having a molecular weight of less than 1000 pass through the separation membrane in the same manner as monosaccharides, are contained in the filtrate, and are subjected to the fermentation process.
- the concentrated liquid of the membrane separator does not contain monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, but contains lignin having a molecular weight of 1000 or more of the separation membrane, its decomposition product, and solid matter.
- the concentrated liquid in the membrane separator is drained out of the system.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a conventional ethanol production method using an adsorbent.
- the saccharified solution preparation method and the steps after concentration of the saccharified solution using the reverse osmosis membrane device (or nanofiltration membrane device) are the same as those of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the saccharified solution obtained by the saccharification step is supplied to an adsorption tower packed with an ion exchange resin or activated carbon.
- the pigment component (lignin and its decomposition product) contained in the saccharified solution is adsorbed on the ion exchange resin or activated carbon and removed from the saccharified solution.
- the saccharified solution after the adsorption treatment is subjected to a solid content separation step.
- the adsorption tower from which the saccharified liquid has been taken out is periodically supplied with a cleaning liquid (saline in the case of ion exchange resin; caustic soda aqueous solution, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid in the case of activated carbon) to wash the ion exchange resin or activated carbon. .
- the activated carbon may be washed by steam activation.
- the saccharified solution supplied from the adsorption tower often contains fine solids such as ion exchange resin or fine powder of activated carbon.
- the saccharified solution after the adsorption step is supplied to a filter paper, a mesh filter, or a solid content separation apparatus having a filtration membrane having a nominal pore size of about 0.05 to 0.1 ⁇ m, and solids are removed.
- the filtrate of the solid content separation device is supplied to a reverse osmosis membrane device or a nanofiltration membrane device.
- Example 10 As biomass, bagasse was refined to an average particle size of 1 mm or less, and a saccharification process was performed by a hydrolysis method using high-temperature and high-pressure water in a subcritical state. The obtained saccharified solution was separated in solid content using quantitative filter paper No. 5C. The saccharified solution after the solid content separation was supplied to a membrane separation apparatus including an ultrafiltration membrane having a nominal molecular weight cut off of 6000, and a filtration step was performed. The filtrate of this membrane separator was supplied to a reverse osmosis membrane device equipped with a reverse osmosis membrane having an effective area of 32 cm 2 and the permeation flux was measured.
- FIG. 4 shows a graph plotting the relationship between the permeation time (operation time) of the reverse osmosis membrane and the permeation flow rate. From FIG. 4, it was confirmed that in the example, the decrease in the permeation flow rate of the reverse osmosis membrane was smaller than that in the comparative example, and the occurrence of fouling was suppressed.
- the concentrated saccharified solution production method of the present invention is useful in the energy field such as the bioethanol production field.
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Abstract
Description
セルロース系バイオマスを加水分解して糖化液を得る糖化工程と、
糖化液を膜分離装置によって濾過する濾過工程と、
濾過された糖化液を逆浸透膜装置又はナノ濾過膜装置によって濃縮する濃縮工程と、
を有する濃縮糖化液製造方法であって、
前記膜分離装置は、分画分子量1000以上7000以下の範囲にある分離膜を備える膜分離装置であり、
前記濾過工程は、前記膜分離装置の濾液を前記逆浸透膜装置又は前記ナノ濾過膜装置へと供給する工程である、濃縮糖化液製造方法に関する。
(原料スラリーの調製)
図1は、本発明の実施形態1に係るエタノール製造方法の概略フロー図を示す。リグノセルロース系バイオマス(例えば、バガス、甜菜かす、又はわらのような草木系バイオマス)は、前処理として数mm以下に粉砕される。粉砕されたセルロース系バイオマスは、水を加えて撹拌され、スラリー化される。調製される原料スラリーの水分含量は、50質量%以上95質量%以下に調整されることが好ましい。また、原料スラリーには、適宜硫酸、塩酸、硝酸、リン酸又は酢酸のような酸を酸触媒として添加してもよい。その場合、原料スラリー中の酸濃度は、0.1質量%以上10質量%以下に調整されることが好ましい。
原料スラリーは、強酸を用いる加水分解法、酵素を用いる加水分解法、又は超臨界若しくは亜臨界状態の高温高圧水を用いる加水分解法のような公知のバイオマス糖化方法によって糖化され、バイオマス糖化液が得られる。酸又はアルカリを原料スラリーに添加する糖化方法の場合には、後述する発酵工程の前に、糖化液を中和することが好ましい。ここでは、糖化工程によって得られる糖化液に含有される糖類は、すべてグルコースのような単糖であると仮定する。
糖化液は、膜分離装置へと供給される。膜分離装置は、分画分子量1000以上7000以下の範囲である分離膜を備えている。ここでは、分画分子量が1000である場合について説明するが、これ以外の分画分子量の場合も同様である。分離膜の分画分子量は、糖化工程で得られる糖化液を分析し、算出された糖類又は色素成分の平均分子量に応じて設定することが好ましい。
逆浸透膜装置又はナノ濾過膜装置へと供給された糖化液は、糖濃度をアルコール発酵に適した15質量%以上となるように濃縮される。濃縮された糖化液(濃縮糖化液)は、発酵槽へと供給され、発酵工程に付される。一方、逆浸透膜又はナノ濾過膜の透過水は、逆浸透膜装置又はナノ濾過膜装置の下流側(二次側)から排水される。
発酵槽内の濃縮糖化液は、酵母又はアルコール発酵性細菌を用いる公知の醸造方法によって発酵され、エタノールが産生される。発酵工程終了後、エタノールを含有する発酵液は、蒸留装置へと供給される。
発酵液は、蒸留装置によって蒸留され、エタノールが濃縮される。蒸留工程によって得られる蒸留液は、固形物及びエタノール以外の成分が除去されており、バイオエタノールとして蒸留装置から取り出される。蒸留工程は、蒸留酒の製造方法として公知の蒸留方法を採用することができる。
図2は、本発明の実施形態2に係るエタノール製造方法の概略フロー図を示す。本実施形態は、糖化工程によって得られる糖化液が、糖類としてグルコースのような単糖及び分子量1000未満のオリゴ糖を含有すると仮定すること以外、その構成及びフローは実施形態1と同じである。
図3は、吸着剤を使用する従来のエタノール製造方法の概略フロー図を示す。糖化液の調製方法及び逆浸透膜装置(又はナノ濾過膜装置)を用いた糖化液の濃縮以降の工程は、本発明の実施形態1と同じである。
糖化工程によって得られた糖化液は、イオン交換樹脂又は活性炭を充填させた吸着塔へと供給される。糖化液に含有される色素成分(リグニン及びその分解物)は、イオン交換樹脂又は活性炭に吸着され、糖化液から除去される。吸着処理後の糖化液は、固形分分離工程へと供される。糖化液を取り出した吸着塔には、定期的に洗浄液(イオン交換樹脂の場合には食塩水;活性炭の場合には苛性ソーダ水溶液、硫酸又は塩酸)が供給され、イオン交換樹脂又は活性炭が洗浄される。このとき、糖化液の一部は、イオン交換樹脂又は活性炭に付着したままであるため、糖類の損失は避けられない。吸着塔に活性炭が充填されている場合、水蒸気賦活によって活性炭を洗浄してもよい。
吸着塔から供給された糖化液は、イオン交換樹脂又は活性炭の微粉末のような微細な固形分が含有されている場合が多い。このため、吸着工程後の糖化液は、濾紙、メッシュフィルター又は公称孔径0.05~0.1μm程度の濾過膜を備える固形分分離装置へと供給され、固形物が除去される。固形分分離装置の濾液は、逆浸透膜装置又はナノ濾過膜装置へと供給される。
バイオマスとしてバガスを平均粒径1mm以下に微細化し、亜臨界状態の高温高圧水を用いる加水分解法によって糖化工程を行った。得られた糖化液は、定量濾紙No.5Cを用いて固形分を分離された。固形分分離後の糖化液を、公称分画分子量6000の限外濾過膜を備える膜分離装置に供給し、濾過工程を行った。この膜分離装置の濾液を、有効面積32cm2の逆浸透膜を備える逆浸透膜装置に供給し、透過流束を測定した。
実施例と同じ糖化液に、平均粒径1mmの下水処理用粒状活性炭を、糖化液質量に対して2.5質量%添加し、一晩撹拌した。撹拌終了後10分間静置し、公称孔径0.45μmのメンブレンフィルターを備えるフィルター装置(固形分分離装置)を用いて、上清である糖化液の濾過工程を行った。このフィルター装置の濾液を、実施例と同じ条件で逆浸透膜装置に供給した。
実施例及び比較例について、逆浸透膜の透過流量を経時的に測定した。図4は、逆浸透膜の透過時間(運転時間)と透過流量との関係をプロットしたグラフを示す。図4より、実施例では、比較例よりも逆浸透膜の透過流量の減少が少なく、ファウリングの発生が抑制されていることが確認された。
Claims (1)
- セルロース系バイオマスを加水分解して糖化液を得る糖化工程と、
糖化液を膜分離装置によって濾過する濾過工程と、
濾過された糖化液を逆浸透膜装置又はナノ濾過膜装置によって濃縮する濃縮工程と、
を有する濃縮糖化液製造方法であって、
前記膜分離装置は、分画分子量1000以上7000以下の範囲にある分離膜を備える膜分離装置であり、
前記濾過工程は、前記膜分離装置の濾液を前記逆浸透膜装置又は前記ナノ濾過膜装置へと供給する工程である、濃縮糖化液製造方法。
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| BR112015015001A BR112015015001A2 (pt) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-03 | método para produção de solução sacarificada concentrada |
| US14/758,286 US20150354018A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-03 | Method for producing concentrated saccharified solution |
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| JP2012287177A JP2014128213A (ja) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | 濃縮糖化液製造方法 |
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| US11492753B2 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2022-11-08 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Process for the treatment of lignocellulosic biomass |
| NL1041192B1 (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2017-01-05 | Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland | Separation of lignin from organosolv liquors. |
| US10487066B2 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2019-11-26 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Method of producing sugar alcohol |
| JP6846276B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2021-03-24 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | バイオマスの処理方法 |
| CN112375850B (zh) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-04-13 | 青州市华康生物科技有限公司 | 一种果葡糖浆生产工艺 |
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| CN103911466A (zh) | 2014-07-09 |
| US20150354018A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
| JP2014128213A (ja) | 2014-07-10 |
| CN203683556U (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
| BR112015015001A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
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