WO2014196580A1 - 含窒素複素環誘導体、これを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、並びにこれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び電子機器 - Google Patents
含窒素複素環誘導体、これを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、並びにこれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014196580A1 WO2014196580A1 PCT/JP2014/064883 JP2014064883W WO2014196580A1 WO 2014196580 A1 WO2014196580 A1 WO 2014196580A1 JP 2014064883 W JP2014064883 W JP 2014064883W WO 2014196580 A1 WO2014196580 A1 WO 2014196580A1
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- 0 Cc1c2[n](*)c3c(c(**)c(**)c4c(*)c(O*)c(*)c(*)c44)c4c(c(*)c(*)c(*)c4*)c4c3c2c(*)c(*)c1* Chemical compound Cc1c2[n](*)c3c(c(**)c(**)c4c(*)c(O*)c(*)c(*)c44)c4c(c(*)c(*)c(*)c4*)c4c3c2c(*)c(*)c1* 0.000 description 8
- UAYUDBCEGPCVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc12)ccc1[nH]c1c2c(ccc2c3cccc2)c3c2ccccc12 Chemical compound c(cc12)ccc1[nH]c1c2c(ccc2c3cccc2)c3c2ccccc12 UAYUDBCEGPCVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FARAOARIVJZINN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brc(cc1)ccc1-c1nc2ccccc2c(-c2ccccc2)n1 Chemical compound Brc(cc1)ccc1-c1nc2ccccc2c(-c2ccccc2)n1 FARAOARIVJZINN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brc1ccccc1 Chemical compound Brc1ccccc1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCQUQMFLLBHBIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)cc2c1[nH]c1c(ccc3c4cccc3)c4c(cccc3)c3c21 Chemical compound c(cc1)cc2c1[nH]c1c(ccc3c4cccc3)c4c(cccc3)c3c21 OCQUQMFLLBHBIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJBZHIRNLZQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-[n](c1c2cccc1)c1c2c(ccc2c3cccc2)c3c2ccccc12 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-[n](c1c2cccc1)c1c2c(ccc2c3cccc2)c3c2ccccc12 SBJBZHIRNLZQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZIZFVCUJYMTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(-[n](c2c3cccc2)c2c3c3ccccc3c3c2cccc3)nc(-c2ccccc2)n1 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(-[n](c2c3cccc2)c2c3c3ccccc3c3c2cccc3)nc(-c2ccccc2)n1 AZIZFVCUJYMTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJFXTHXMFQUQJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(-c(cc2)ccc2-[n](c2c3cccc2)c2c3c3ccccc3c3c2ccc2c3cccc2)nc(-c2ccccc2)n1 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(-c(cc2)ccc2-[n](c2c3cccc2)c2c3c3ccccc3c3c2ccc2c3cccc2)nc(-c2ccccc2)n1 NJFXTHXMFQUQJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVYHRGLTVDECMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(-c(cc2)ccc2-[n]2c3c(cccc4)c4c4c5ccccc5ccc4c3c3ccccc23)nc2ccccc12 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1nc(-c(cc2)ccc2-[n]2c3c(cccc4)c4c4c5ccccc5ccc4c3c3ccccc23)nc2ccccc12 CVYHRGLTVDECMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative, a material for an organic electroluminescence element using the same, and an organic electroluminescence element and electronic equipment using the same.
- an organic electroluminescence (EL) element is composed of an anode, a cathode, and one or more organic thin film layers sandwiched between the anode and the cathode.
- a voltage is applied between both electrodes, electrons from the cathode side and holes from the anode side are injected into the light emitting region, and the injected electrons and holes recombine in the light emitting region to generate an excited state, which is excited.
- Light is emitted when the state returns to the ground state.
- organic EL elements can be obtained in various light emitting colors by using various light emitting materials for the light emitting layer, and therefore, researches for practical application to displays and the like are active. In particular, research on light emitting materials of the three primary colors of red, green, and blue is the most active, and intensive research has been conducted with the aim of improving characteristics.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a novel material useful as an organic EL element material.
- [1] to [4] are provided.
- [1] A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 to R 12 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 12 are bonded to each other to form a ring.
- a saturated divalent group may be formed.
- at least one pair of two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 12 is bonded to each other to form a ring structure represented by the following formula (a).
- R 13 to R 17 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and two adjacent groups selected from R 13 to R 17 represent a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that is bonded to each other to form a ring. It may be formed.
- * 1 and * 2 each represent a bonding position with a carbon atom to which at least one pair selected from R 1 to R 12 is bonded.
- * 1 and * 2 each represent a bonding position with a carbon atom to which at least one pair selected from R 1 to
- a material for an organic electroluminescence device comprising the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- an organic electroluminescent device in which an organic thin film layer composed of one or more layers including at least a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode, at least one of the organic thin film layers is an organic material containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- Electroluminescence element In an organic electroluminescent device in which an organic thin film layer composed of one or more layers including at least a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode, at least one of the organic thin film layers is an organic material containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- Electroluminescence element In an organic electroluminescent device in which an organic thin film layer composed of one or more layers including at least a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode, at least one of the organic thin film layers is an organic material containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- the present invention provides a novel material useful as an organic EL element material and an organic EL element using the same.
- the “carbon number XX to YY” in the expression “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group having XX to YY” represents the number of carbon atoms in the case where the ZZ group is unsubstituted. The carbon number of the substituent in the case where it is present is not included.
- “YY” is larger than “XX”, and “XX” and “YY” each mean an integer of 1 or more.
- atom number XX to YY in the expression “a ZZ group having a substituted or unsubstituted atom number XX to YY” represents the number of atoms when the ZZ group is unsubstituted. In this case, the number of substituent atoms is not included.
- YY is larger than “XX”, and “XX” and “YY” each mean an integer of 1 or more.
- unsubstituted ZZ group in the case of “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group” means that the hydrogen atom of the ZZ group is not substituted with a substituent.
- the “ring-forming carbon number” means the ring itself of a compound having a structure in which atoms are bonded in a cyclic manner (for example, a monocyclic compound, a condensed ring compound, a bridged compound, a carbocyclic compound, or a heterocyclic compound). This represents the number of carbon atoms among the constituent atoms.
- the carbon contained in the substituent is not included in the ring-forming carbon.
- the “ring-forming carbon number” described below is the same unless otherwise specified.
- the benzene ring has 6 ring carbon atoms
- the naphthalene ring has 10 ring carbon atoms
- the pyridinyl group has 5 ring carbon atoms
- the furanyl group has 4 ring carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group is not included in the number of ring-forming carbons.
- the carbon number of the fluorene ring as a substituent is not included in the ring-forming carbon number.
- the “number of ring-forming atoms” means a compound (for example, a monocyclic compound, a condensed ring compound, a bridging compound, or a carbocyclic compound) having a structure in which atoms are bonded in a cyclic manner (for example, a monocyclic ring, a condensed ring, or a ring assembly).
- a heterocyclic compound represents the number of atoms constituting the ring itself.
- An atom that does not constitute a ring for example, a hydrogen atom that terminates a bond of an atom that constitutes a ring
- an atom contained in a substituent when the ring is substituted by a substituent is not included in the number of ring-forming atoms.
- the “number of ring-forming atoms” described below is the same unless otherwise specified.
- the pyridine ring has 6 ring atoms
- the quinazoline ring has 10 ring atoms
- the furan ring has 5 ring atoms.
- the hydrogen atoms bonded to the ring-forming carbon atoms of the pyridine ring and quinazoline ring and the atoms constituting the substituent are not included in the number of ring-forming atoms. Further, when, for example, a fluorene ring is bonded to the fluorene ring as a substituent (including a spirofluorene ring), the number of atoms of the fluorene ring as a substituent is not included in the number of ring-forming atoms.
- hydroxogen atom includes isotopes having different numbers of neutrons, that is, light hydrogen (protium), deuterium (deuterium), and tritium (tritium).
- a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group includes the following carbazolyl group, In addition to the above-described substituted carbazolyl group having an optional substituent, for example, the following substituted carbazolyl group is also included.
- a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group include the following dibenzofuranyl group and dibenzothiophenyl group,
- substituted dibenzofuranyl group and substituted dibenzothiophenyl group having an optional substituent for example, the following substituted dibenzofuranyl group and substituted dibenzothiophenyl group are also included.
- X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom
- Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NH, NR a (R a is an alkyl group or an aryl group), CH 2 , or CR b 2 (R b is an alkyl group) Group or aryl group).
- substituent in the description of “substituent” or “substituted or unsubstituted” includes an alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 18 and more preferably 1 to 8); A cycloalkyl group having from 50 to 50 (preferably from 3 to 10, more preferably from 3 to 8, even more preferably 5 or 6); a ring-forming carbon number of 6 to 50 (preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18).
- Aryl group Aralkyl having 7 to 51 (preferably 7 to 30, more preferably 7 to 20) carbon atoms having an aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18) An amino group; an alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8) and a ring-forming carbon number 6 to 50 (preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18).
- aryl group A mono- or di-substituted amino group having a substituent an alkoxy group having an alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms), and 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms (preferably An aryloxy group having an aryl group of 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18); an alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8) and a ring forming carbon number of 6 to 50 A mono-substituted, di-substituted or tri-substituted silyl group having a substituent selected from (preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18) aryl groups; 5 to 50 ring forming atoms (preferably 5 to 24, more Preferably 5 to 13) heteroaryl group; haloalkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8); halogen atom (fluorine atom, chlorine atoms,
- substituents may be further substituted with the above-mentioned arbitrary substituents.
- substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- unsubstituted in the description of “substituted or unsubstituted” means that a hydrogen atom is bonded without being substituted with these substituents.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives The nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative of one embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 to R 12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 12 are bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent ring. A group may be formed. However, at least one pair of two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 12 is bonded to each other to form a ring structure represented by the following general formula (a).
- R 13 to R 17 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and two adjacent groups selected from R 13 to R 17 represent a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that is bonded to each other to form a ring. It may be formed.
- * 1 and * 2 represent bonding positions with a carbon atom to which at least one pair of two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 12 are bonded. For example, when two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 12 are R 5 and R 6 , * 1 is bonded to the carbon atom to which R 6 is bonded, * 2 is bonded to R 5 Bond to the carbon atom. When * 1 is bonded to the carbon atom to which R 5 is bonded, * 2 may be bonded to the carbon atom to which R 6 is bonded.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (b) and a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (d). It may be a coalescence.
- R 1 to R 12 are each independently the same as in Formula (1).
- L b represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Specific examples of the divalent linking group represented by L b include a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 3 to 60 ring atoms, Examples thereof include a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 12 are each independently the same as in Formula (1).
- L d represents a trivalent organic group.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative is more preferably represented by the following formula (c).
- R 1 to R 12 are each independently the same as in Formula (1).
- Y c represents a substituted or unsubstituted p-valent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted p-valent heterocyclic group having 3 to 60 ring atoms.
- L c is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 3 to 60 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon atom having 1 carbon atom. Represents up to 50 alkylene groups.
- p represents an integer of 1 to 6.
- R 1 to R 12 As the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative of one embodiment of the formula (1) of the present invention, among R 1 to R 12 , R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , R 5 and R 6 preferably when any one of R 7 and R 8, R 9 and R 10, R 10 and R 11, and R 11 and R 12 form a ring structure represented by formula (a), among others, R 5 and R A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative represented by the following formula (2) or (3) in which 6 is the formula (a) is preferable.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 17 are the same as defined above, and are adjacent to each other selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 17. Two may form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group which is bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 17 As specific combinations of “two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 17 ”, for example, R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , R 7 and R 8 , R 8 and R 9 , R 9 and R 10 , R 10 and R 11 , R 11 and R 12 , R 13 and R 14 , R 14 and R 15 , R 15 and R 16 , R 1 And R 12 , R 13 and R 17 , R 7 and R 17 , R 4 and R 17 , R 4 and R 16, and R 7 and R 16 .
- These two groups may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that forms a ring, or a plurality of such divalent groups may be formed.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative of one embodiment of the formula (1) of the present invention include those represented by any of the following (4) to (21).
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are the same as defined above, and are adjacent to each other selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16. Two may form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group which is bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R 18 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- L 1 represents a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- These two groups may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that forms a ring, or a plurality of such divalent groups may be formed.
- R 1 ⁇ R 4, R 7 ⁇ R 16 and R 18 each independently has the same meaning as defined above, R 1 ⁇ R 4, R 7 ⁇ R 16 and R Two adjacent groups selected from 18 may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group forming a ring.
- R 1 to R 4 , R 7 to R 16 and R 18 As specific combinations of “two adjacent ones selected from R 1 to R 4 , R 7 to R 16 and R 18 ”, for example, R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , R 7 and R 8 , R 8 and R 9 , R 9 and R 10 , R 10 and R 11 , R 11 and R 12 , R 13 and R 14 , R 14 and R 15 , R 15 and R 16 R 1 and R 12 , R 4 and R 16 , R 7 and R 16 , R 13 and R 18 , R 7 and R 18, R 4 and R 18, and the like.
- These two groups may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that forms a ring, or a plurality of such divalent groups may be formed.
- X 1 to X 3 each independently represent C (R 21 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are the same as described above, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are bonded to each other to form a ring. These divalent groups may be formed.
- R 19 to R 21 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- two adjacent groups selected from R 19 to R 21 may form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group which is bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the description of the specific combination of “two adjacent ones selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 ” is the same as the description in the above formulas (4) and (5).
- R 19 and R 20 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring atom having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group is preferably.
- X 1 to X 3 each independently represent C (R 21 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are the same as described above, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are bonded to each other to form a ring. These divalent groups may be formed.
- R 19 to R 21 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- two adjacent groups selected from R 19 to R 21 may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that forms a ring.
- the description of the specific combination of “two adjacent ones selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 ” is the same as the description in the above formulas (4) and (5).
- the description of the specific combination of “two adjacent ones selected from R 19 to R 21 ” is the same as the description in the above formulas (8) and (9).
- R 19 and R 20 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring forming atom number of 5 A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group of ⁇ 30 is preferred.
- X 1 represents C (R 21 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are the same as described above, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are bonded to each other to form a ring. These divalent groups may be formed.
- R 19 to R 21 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- two adjacent groups selected from R 19 to R 21 may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that forms a ring.
- R 19 and R 20 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring atom having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group is preferably.
- X 2 to X 3 each independently represents C (R 21 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are the same as described above, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are bonded to each other to form a ring. These divalent groups may be formed.
- R 19 and R 21 to R 25 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing complex having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- R 19 and R 21 to R 25 may form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group which is bonded to each other to form a ring;
- the description of the specific combination of “two adjacent ones selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 ” is the same as the description in the above formulas (4) and (5).
- R 19 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring having 5 to 30 ring atoms. It is preferably a group.
- X 1 represents C (R 21 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are the same as described above, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are bonded to each other to form a ring. These divalent groups may be formed.
- R 19 to R 21 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- two adjacent groups selected from R 19 to R 21 may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group that forms a ring.
- R 19 and R 20 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring forming atom number of 5 A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group of ⁇ 30 is preferred.
- X 2 to X 3 each independently represent C (R 21 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are the same as described above, and two adjacent groups selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 are bonded to each other to form a ring. These divalent groups may be formed.
- R 19 and R 21 to R 25 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing complex having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- R 19 and R 21 to R 25 may form a saturated or unsaturated divalent group which is bonded to each other to form a ring;
- the description of the specific combination of “two adjacent ones selected from R 1 to R 4 and R 7 to R 16 ” is the same as the description in the above formulas (4) and (5).
- R 19 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring having 5 to 30 ring atoms. It is preferably a group.
- R 17 is the same as described above.
- R 1 to R 17 and R 22 to R 25 are each independently selected from the following group (A): Those selected from the following (B) group are more preferable, those selected from the following (C) group are more preferable, and those selected from the following (D) group are particularly preferable.
- the group (A) is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted ring carbon number 6 to 60 aryl groups (synonymous with “aromatic hydrocarbon group”, the same shall apply hereinafter), substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups having 7 to 61 carbon atoms, amino groups, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and Mono- or di-substituted amino group having a substituent selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted ring Substitution selected from aryloxy groups having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, substitute
- the group (B) is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted ring group having 6 to 6 carbon atoms.
- aryl groups substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups having 7 to 51 carbon atoms, amino groups, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms
- the group (C) is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted ring carbon number 6 to 60 aryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups having 7 to 51 carbon atoms, amino groups, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms A mono- or di-substituted amino group having a substituent selected from the group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted A mono-, di- or tri-substituted alky
- a substituted or unsubstituted ring atoms 5-60 heteroaryl group a substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, and a group consisting of nitro group.
- the group (D) is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted ring carbon number 6 to A mono- or di-substituted amino group having a substituent selected from a 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, substituted Alternatively, it is a group consisting of an unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 60 ring atoms, a halogen atom, and a cyano group.
- alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms examples include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, and n-butyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclo A heptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, an adamantyl group etc. are mentioned, A cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group are preferable.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms include, for example, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a naphthylphenyl group, and a biphenylyl group.
- Terphenylyl acenaphthylenyl, anthryl, benzoanthryl, aceanthryl, phenanthryl, benzophenanthryl, phenalenyl, fluorenyl, 9,9'-spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl Group, dibenzofluorenyl group, picenyl group, pentaphenyl group, pentacenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, benzocricenyl group, s-indacenyl group, as-indacenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, benzofluoranthenyl group, tetracenyl group , Triphenylenyl group, benzotriphenylenyl Group, perylenyl group, coronyl group, dibenzo anthryl group and the like.
- the heteroaryl group having 5 to 60 ring atoms is at least 1, preferably 1 to 5 (more preferably 1 to 3, more preferably (Preferably 1 to 2) heteroatoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen and phosphorus atoms.
- heteroaryl group include pyrrolyl group, furyl group, thienyl group, pyridyl group, pyridazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyrazinyl group, triazinyl group, imidazolyl group, oxazolyl group, thiazolyl group, pyrazolyl group, isoxazolyl group, isothiazolyl group.
- heteroaryl group having 5 to 60 ring atoms a monovalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from any compound represented by the following formula is also preferable.
- A independently represents CR 100 or a nitrogen atom, and R 100 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, Each Y independently represents a single bond, C (R 101 ) (R 102 ), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or N (R 103 ); R 101 , R 102 and R 103 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and m independently represents 0 or 1.
- Examples of the substituent in the above formula include the same ones as described above.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 61 carbon atoms in total having an aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18) include the above aralkyl groups having an aryl group.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8) and the aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18) are selected.
- Examples of the monosubstituted or disubstituted amino group having a substituent include a monosubstituted or disubstituted amino group having a substituent selected from the above alkyl group and the above aryl group.
- Examples of the alkoxy group having an alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms include the above alkoxy groups having an alkyl group.
- Examples of the aryloxy group having an aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms include the above aryloxy groups having an aryl group.
- alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8
- an aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18.
- Examples of the monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted silyl group having a substituent include a monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted silyl group having a substituent selected from the above alkyl group and the above aryl group.
- haloalkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8
- at least one hydrogen atom of the alkyl group is a halogen atom (fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine). And those substituted by an atom).
- alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 8 and the aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 6 to 18).
- the sulfonyl group having a selected substituent include a sulfonyl group having a substituent selected from the above alkyl group and the above aryl group.
- the disubstituted phosphoryl group having a selected substituent include a disubstituted phosphoryl group having a substituent selected from the above alkyl group and the above aryl group.
- Specific examples of the arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms include those obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from those mentioned as the aryl group.
- Specific examples of the divalent heteroarylene group having 3 to 60 atoms to be formed include those obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the above-mentioned heteroaryl groups.
- Specific examples of the 50 alkylene groups include those obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from those exemplified as the alkyl group.
- Specific examples of the trivalent organic group represented by L d in the general formula (d) are those obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the divalent group represented by L b and L c. Is mentioned.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative of one embodiment of the present invention May have a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 5 to 60 ring atoms.
- the substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms include those obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the groups exemplified as the aryl group.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 5 to 60 ring atoms include those obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the groups mentioned as the heteroaryl group.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative of one embodiment of the present invention preferably has a ring structure-containing group as a substituent, and particularly preferably R 17 has a ring structure-containing group.
- R 17 has a ring structure-containing group.
- ring structure-containing group examples include substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups having 5 to 60 (preferably 3 to 6, more preferably 5 or 6) ring-forming carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming carbon atoms having 6 to 60 carbon atoms.
- aryl groups substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 60 (preferably 6 to 24, more preferably 6 to 18) ring-forming carbon atoms
- a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 60 ring atoms is preferable.
- the ring structure-containing group include those having a ring structure-containing group on a substituent, and specific examples of this substituent include those described above.
- R 17 is particularly preferably a group represented by the following general formula (I), more preferably a group represented by the following general formula (II) or a group represented by the following general formula (III).
- L 1 represents a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- R 18 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms. * Indicates a binding position.
- R 18 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms. . * Indicates a binding position. ]
- X 1 represents C (R 21 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 19 to R 20 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- the substituents to be bonded together may form a saturated or unsaturated ring structure. * Indicates a binding position. ]
- examples of the compound in which R 17 is a group represented by the above general formula (I) include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the above formula (4) or (5).
- examples of the compound in which R 17 is a group represented by the above general formula (II) include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the above general formula (6) or (7), and R 17 represents the above general formula.
- examples of the compound which is a group represented by the formula (III) include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the general formula (16) or (17).
- R 18 to R 25 are substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups having 5 to 30 ring atoms
- examples of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group include those having 5 to 30 ring atoms and containing a nitrogen atom among the above-mentioned heteroaryl groups.
- a pyridyl group examples include a pyridyl group, a pyrimidyl group, Triazinyl group, pyrazinyl group, quinolyl group, isoquinolyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, dibenzoquinoxalinyl group, pyrrolyl group, indolyl group, carbazolyl group, imidazolyl group, benzimidazolyl group, imidazolpyridinyl Group, indolizinyl group, benzcarbazolyl group, dibenzcarbazolyl group and the like.
- the substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms is exemplified as the above aryl group. And a divalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the above.
- R 16 to R 19 are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups. And a divalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from those listed as nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups.
- R 18 to R 21 are more preferably a group represented by the following formula (i), more preferably a group represented by the following formula (ii), and a group represented by the following formula (iii): Further preferred.
- Z 21 to Z 25 each independently represents C (R 1 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a bond to Ar 1 .
- Ar 1 each independently represents a substituent, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 60 ring atoms.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 5. * Indicates a binding position. ]
- Z 26 to Z 28 each independently represents C (R 1 ) or a nitrogen atom.
- R 1 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- Ar 2 and Ar 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring atom having 5 to 60 ring atoms. Of the heteroaryl group. * Indicates a binding position. ]
- Ar 4 and Ar 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted group.
- the substituent represented by Ar 1 in the above formula (i), Ar 2 and Ar 3 in the above formula (ii), and Ar 4 and Ar 5 in the above formula (iii) is selected from the above group (A). Those selected from the (B) group are more preferable, those selected from the (C) group are more preferable, and those selected from the (D) group are particularly preferable.
- the compound of one embodiment of the present invention is useful as a material for an organic EL device, particularly for forming a light emitting layer for an organic EL device, and for forming an anode-side organic thin film layer (hole transport layer, hole injection layer, etc.).
- the material is useful as a material for forming a cathode-side organic thin film layer (electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.).
- the material for an organic EL device includes the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- the content of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative in the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1% by mass or more, preferably 10% by mass or more. More preferably, it is more preferably at least 80% by mass, even more preferably at least 90% by mass.
- the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention is useful as a material in an organic EL device, for example, as a host material and a dopant material in a light emitting layer of a fluorescent light emitting unit, or as a host material in a light emitting layer of a phosphorescent light emitting unit.
- an anode-side organic thin film layer provided between the anode of the organic EL element and the light emitting layer, or a cathode provided between the cathode of the organic EL element and the light emitting layer.
- the “light emitting unit” refers to a minimum unit that includes one or more organic layers, one of which is a light emitting layer, and can emit light by recombination of injected holes and electrons.
- the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention has an organic thin film layer containing a light emitting layer between a cathode and an anode, and at least one of the organic thin film layers is the one of the embodiment of the present invention described above. It is characterized by including a compound.
- Examples of the organic thin film layer containing the compound of one embodiment of the present invention described above include an anode-side organic thin film layer (hole transport layer, hole injection layer, etc.) provided between the anode and the light emitting layer, light emission Examples include, but are not limited to, layers, cathode-side organic thin film layers (electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.) provided between the cathode and the light-emitting layer, space layers, and barrier layers.
- anode-side organic thin film layer hole transport layer, hole injection layer, etc.
- light emission Examples include, but are not limited to, layers, cathode-side organic thin film layers (electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.) provided between the cathode and the light-emitting layer, space layers, and barrier layers.
- the compound of one embodiment of the present invention described above may be contained in any of the above layers, for example, as a host material or a dopant material in a light emitting layer of a fluorescent light emitting unit, a host material in a light emitting layer of a phosphorescent light emitting unit, or the like. It is preferable to use it. Further, the compound of one embodiment of the present invention described above is contained in the anode side organic thin film layer such as the hole transport layer and the hole injection layer of the light emitting unit, and the cathode organic thin film layer such as the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer. Also good.
- the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention may be a fluorescent or phosphorescent monochromatic light emitting device, a fluorescent / phosphorescent hybrid white light emitting device, or a simple type having a single light emitting unit.
- a tandem type having a plurality of light emitting units may be used, and among them, a phosphorescent type is preferable.
- the “light emitting unit” refers to a minimum unit that includes one or more organic layers, one of which is a light emitting layer, and can emit light by recombination of injected holes and electrons.
- typical element configurations of simple organic EL elements include the following element configurations.
- Anode / light emitting unit / cathode The above light emitting unit may be a laminated type having a plurality of phosphorescent light emitting layers and fluorescent light emitting layers. In that case, the light emitting unit is generated by a phosphorescent light emitting layer between the light emitting layers. In order to prevent the excitons from diffusing into the fluorescent light emitting layer, a space layer may be provided. A typical layer structure of the light emitting unit is shown below.
- A Hole transport layer / light emitting layer (/ electron transport layer)
- B Hole transport layer / first phosphorescent light emitting layer / second phosphorescent light emitting layer (/ electron transport layer)
- C Hole transport layer / phosphorescent layer / space layer / fluorescent layer (/ electron transport layer)
- D Hole transport layer / first phosphorescent light emitting layer / second phosphorescent light emitting layer / space layer / fluorescent light emitting layer (/ electron transport layer)
- E Hole transport layer / first phosphorescent light emitting layer / space layer / second phosphorescent light emitting layer / space layer / fluorescent light emitting layer (/ electron transport layer)
- F Hole transport layer / phosphorescent layer / space layer / first fluorescent layer / second fluorescent layer (/ electron transport layer)
- G Hole transport layer / electron barrier layer / light emitting layer (/ electron transport layer)
- H Hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole barrier layer (
- Each phosphorescent or fluorescent light-emitting layer may have a different emission color.
- hole transport layer / first phosphorescent light emitting layer (red light emitting) / second phosphorescent light emitting layer (green light emitting) / space layer / fluorescent light emitting layer (blue light emitting) / Examples include a layer configuration such as an electron transport layer.
- An electron barrier layer may be appropriately provided between each light emitting layer and the hole transport layer or space layer.
- a hole blocking layer may be appropriately provided between each light emitting layer and the electron transport layer.
- the following element structure can be mentioned as a typical element structure of a tandem type organic EL element.
- the intermediate layer is generally called an intermediate electrode, an intermediate conductive layer, a charge generation layer, an electron extraction layer, a connection layer, or an intermediate insulating layer, and has electrons in the first light emitting unit and holes in the second light emitting unit.
- a known material structure to be supplied can be used.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an example of an organic EL element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the organic EL element 1 includes a substrate 2, an anode 3, a cathode 4, and a light emitting unit 10 disposed between the anode 3 and the cathode 4.
- the light emitting unit 10 includes a light emitting layer 5 including at least one phosphorescent light emitting layer including a phosphorescent host material and a phosphorescent dopant (phosphorescent material).
- electron injection / transport layer (cathode-side organic thin film layer) 7 between the light-emitting layer 5 and the cathode 4 May be formed.
- an electron barrier layer may be provided on the anode 3 side of the light emitting layer 5
- a hole barrier layer may be provided on the cathode 4 side of the light emitting layer 5.
- a host combined with a fluorescent dopant is referred to as a fluorescent host
- a host combined with a phosphorescent dopant is referred to as a phosphorescent host.
- the fluorescent host and the phosphorescent host are not distinguished only by the molecular structure. That is, the phosphorescent host means a material constituting a phosphorescent light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent dopant, and does not mean that it cannot be used as a material constituting a fluorescent light emitting layer. The same applies to the fluorescent host.
- the organic EL element of one embodiment of the present invention is produced on a translucent substrate.
- the light-transmitting substrate is a substrate that supports the organic EL element, and is preferably a smooth substrate having a light transmittance in the visible region of 400 nm to 700 nm of 50% or more.
- a glass plate, a polymer plate, etc. are mentioned.
- the glass plate include those using soda lime glass, barium / strontium-containing glass, lead glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, barium borosilicate glass, quartz and the like as raw materials.
- the polymer plate include those using polycarbonate, acrylic, polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfide, polysulfone and the like as raw materials.
- the anode of the organic EL element plays a role of injecting holes into the hole transport layer or the light emitting layer, and it is effective to use a material having a work function of 4.5 eV or more.
- Specific examples of the anode material include indium tin oxide alloy (ITO), tin oxide (NESA), indium zinc oxide, gold, silver, platinum, copper, and the like.
- the anode can be produced by forming a thin film of these electrode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. When light emitted from the light emitting layer is extracted from the anode, it is preferable that the transmittance of light in the visible region of the anode is greater than 10%.
- the sheet resistance of the anode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the film thickness of the anode depends on the material, but is usually selected in the range of 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 10 nm to 200 nm.
- the cathode plays a role of injecting electrons into the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer or the light emitting layer, and is preferably formed of a material having a small work function.
- the cathode material is not particularly limited, and specifically, indium, aluminum, magnesium, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, aluminum-lithium alloy, aluminum-scandium-lithium alloy, magnesium-silver alloy and the like can be used.
- the cathode can be produced by forming a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. Moreover, you may take out light emission from the cathode side as needed.
- An organic layer having a light emitting function includes a host material and a dopant material.
- the host material mainly has a function of encouraging recombination of electrons and holes and confining excitons in the light emitting layer, and the dopant material efficiently emits excitons obtained by recombination. It has a function.
- the host material mainly has a function of confining excitons generated by the dopant in the light emitting layer.
- the light emitting layer employs, for example, a double host (also referred to as host / cohost) that adjusts the carrier balance in the light emitting layer by combining an electron transporting host and a hole transporting host. Also good. Moreover, you may employ
- the above light-emitting layer is a laminate in which a plurality of light-emitting layers are stacked, so that electrons and holes are accumulated at the light-emitting layer interface, and the recombination region is concentrated at the light-emitting layer interface to improve quantum efficiency. Can do.
- the ease of injecting holes into the light emitting layer may be different from the ease of injecting electrons, and the hole transport ability and electron transport ability expressed by the mobility of holes and electrons in the light emitting layer may be different. May be different.
- a light emitting layer can be formed by well-known methods, such as a vapor deposition method, a spin coat method, LB method, for example.
- the light emitting layer can also be formed by thinning a solution obtained by dissolving a binder such as a resin and a material compound in a solvent by a spin coating method or the like.
- the light emitting layer is preferably a molecular deposited film.
- the molecular deposited film is a thin film formed by deposition from a material compound in a gas phase state or a film formed by solidifying from a material compound in a solution state or a liquid phase state.
- the thin film (molecular accumulation film) formed by the LB method can be classified by the difference in the aggregation structure and the higher-order structure, and the functional difference resulting therefrom.
- the phosphorescent dopant (phosphorescent material) that forms the light emitting layer is a compound that can emit light from the triplet excited state, and is not particularly limited as long as it emits light from the triplet excited state, but Ir, Pt, Os, Au, Cu, An organometallic complex containing at least one metal selected from Re and Ru and a ligand is preferable.
- the ligand preferably has an ortho metal bond.
- a metal complex containing a metal atom selected from Ir, Os and Pt is preferred in that the phosphorescent quantum yield is high and the external quantum efficiency of the light emitting device can be further improved, and an iridium complex, an osmium complex, or a platinum complex.
- a metal complex such as iridium, osmium, or platinum, particularly an orthometalated complex of a metal atom selected from iridium, osmium, and platinum, more preferably an iridium complex and a platinum complex, and particularly preferably an orthometalated iridium complex.
- the content of the phosphorescent dopant in the light emitting layer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, it is preferably 0.1 to 70% by mass, more preferably 1 to 30% by mass. If the phosphorescent dopant content is 0.1% by mass or more, sufficient light emission can be obtained, and if it is 70% by mass or less, concentration quenching can be avoided.
- a complex represented by the following formula (X) or (Y) is preferable as the phosphorescent dopant.
- R is independently a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- k is an integer of 1 to 4
- l is an integer of 1 to 6
- n is an integer of 2 to 4. It is.
- M is Ir, Os, or Pt.
- substituent of R include the same examples as the substituent of the general formula (1).
- the phosphorescent host is a compound having a function of efficiently emitting the phosphorescent dopant by efficiently confining the triplet energy of the phosphorescent dopant in the light emitting layer.
- the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention is useful as a phosphorescent host, but a compound other than the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention is also appropriately selected as the phosphorescent host according to the above purpose. be able to.
- the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention and other compounds may be used in combination as a phosphorescent host material in the same light emitting layer. When there are a plurality of light emitting layers, one of them is emitted.
- the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention is used as the phosphorescent host material of the layer, and a compound other than the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention is used as the phosphorescent host material of another light emitting layer. Also good.
- the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention can be used for an organic layer other than the light emitting layer. In that case, the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention is used as a phosphorescent host of the light emitting layer. A compound other than the element material may be used.
- Specific examples of compounds other than the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention and suitable as a phosphorescent host include carbazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives.
- metal complexes such as polysilane compounds, poly (N-vinylcarbazole) derivatives, aniline copolymers, thiophene oligomers, conductive polymer oligomers such as polythiophene, polythiophene derivatives, polyphenylene derivatives, polyphenylene vinylene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, etc.
- metal complexes such as polysilane compounds, poly (N-vinylcarbazole) derivatives, aniline copolymers, thiophene oligomers, conductive polymer oligomers such as polythiophene, polythiophene derivatives, polyphenylene derivatives, polyphenylene vinylene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, etc.
- examples thereof include polymer compounds.
- a phosphorescent host may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together. Specific examples include the following compounds.
- the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention may have a light emitting layer containing a fluorescent light emitting material, that is, a fluorescent light emitting layer.
- a fluorescent light emitting layer known fluorescent light emitting materials can be used.
- the fluorescent material is preferably at least one selected from anthracene derivatives, fluoranthene derivatives, styrylamine derivatives and arylamine derivatives, and more preferably anthracene derivatives and arylamine derivatives.
- an anthracene derivative is preferable as the host material
- an arylamine derivative is preferable as the dopant.
- suitable materials described in International Publication No. 2010/134350 and International Publication No. 2010/134352 are selected.
- the material for an organic EL device according to one embodiment of the present invention may be used as a fluorescent light emitting material of a fluorescent light emitting layer or as a host material of a fluorescent light emitting layer.
- the ring-forming carbon number of the anthracene derivative as the fluorescent light-emitting material is preferably 26 to 100, more preferably 26 to 80, and still more preferably 26 to 60. More specifically, the anthracene derivative is preferably an anthracene derivative represented by the following formula (10).
- Ar 31 and Ar 32 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- R 81 to R 88 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, substituted or unsubstituted A substituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 7 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted ring carbon number of 6 to 50 aryloxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted arylthio groups having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, substituted or unsub
- the aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 40 ring carbon atoms, and more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- the heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms is preferably a heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, and more preferably a heteroaryl group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and further preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and further preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the aralkyl group having 7 to 50 carbon atoms is preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, and more preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the aryloxy group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is preferably an aryloxy group having 6 to 40 ring carbon atoms, and more preferably an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- the arylthio group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is preferably an arylthio group having 6 to 40 ring carbon atoms, and more preferably an arylthio group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms is preferably an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and further preferably an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom.
- Ar 31 and Ar 32 are preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- an anthracene derivative represented by the formula (10) is preferable.
- Ar 33 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- R 81 to R 88 are R 89 is the same as the definition of R 81 to R 88.
- a is an integer of 1 to 7.
- R 81 to R 88 are preferably the same as described above.
- the preferred R 89 is also the same as R 81 to R 88 .
- a is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 1 or 2.
- the aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms represented by Ar 33 is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 40 ring carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and 6 to 6 ring forming carbon atoms.
- a 20 aryl group is more preferred, and an aryl group having 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms is particularly preferred.
- the arylamine derivative as the fluorescent light-emitting material is preferably an aryldiamine derivative, more preferably an aryldiamine derivative containing a pyrene skeleton, and further preferably an aryldiamine derivative containing a pyrene skeleton and a dibenzofuran skeleton. More specifically, the aryldiamine derivative is preferably an aryldiamine derivative represented by the following formula (11).
- Ar 34 to Ar 37 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- L 21 represents a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- the aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 ring carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms.
- a group is more preferable, and a phenyl group and a naphthyl group are particularly preferable.
- the heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms is preferably a heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, more preferably a heteroaryl group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, and 5 to 5 ring forming atoms. More preferred are 20 heteroaryl groups.
- heteroaryl group examples include a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and the like, and a dibenzofuranyl group is preferable.
- substituents for the heteroaryl group include aryl groups having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 20, more preferably 6 to 12), and more preferably a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- the arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is preferably an arylene group having 6 to 40 ring carbon atoms, more preferably an arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and an arylene group having 6 to 20 ring carbon atoms.
- the group is more preferable, and the pyrenyl group is particularly preferable.
- the light emitting layer may be a double host (also referred to as a host / cohost). Specifically, the carrier balance in the light emitting layer may be adjusted by combining an electron transporting host and a hole transporting host in the light emitting layer. Moreover, it is good also as a double dopant.
- each dopant emits light by adding two or more dopant materials having a high quantum yield. For example, a yellow light emitting layer may be realized by co-evaporating a host, a red dopant, and a green dopant.
- a light emitting layer may contain a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a polymer binder as needed.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer is preferably 5 to 50 nm, more preferably 7 to 50 nm, and most preferably 10 to 50 nm. If the thickness is less than 5 nm, it is difficult to form a light emitting layer, and it may be difficult to adjust the chromaticity. If the thickness exceeds 50 nm, the driving voltage may increase.
- the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention preferably has an electron donating dopant in the interface region between the cathode and the light emitting unit. According to such a configuration, it is possible to improve the light emission luminance and extend the life of the organic EL element.
- the electron donating dopant means a material containing a metal having a work function of 3.8 eV or less, and specific examples thereof include alkali metals, alkali metal complexes, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metals, alkaline earths. Examples thereof include at least one selected from metal complexes, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metals, rare earth metal complexes, rare earth metal compounds, and the like.
- alkali metal examples include Na (work function: 2.36 eV), K (work function: 2.28 eV), Rb (work function: 2.16 eV), Cs (work function: 1.95 eV), and the like.
- a function of 2.9 eV or less is particularly preferable. Of these, K, Rb, and Cs are preferred, Rb and Cs are more preferred, and Cs is most preferred.
- alkaline earth metals include Ca (work function: 2.9 eV), Sr (work function: 2.0 eV to 2.5 eV), Ba (work function: 2.52 eV), and the like. The thing below 9 eV is especially preferable.
- rare earth metals examples include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and the like, and those having a work function of 2.9 eV or less are particularly preferable.
- alkali metal compound examples include alkali oxides such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, and K 2 O, and alkali halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, and KF, and LiF, Li 2 O, and NaF are preferable.
- alkaline earth metal compound examples include BaO, SrO, CaO, and Ba x Sr 1-x O (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Ba x Ca 1-x O (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) mixed with these. BaO, SrO, and CaO are preferable.
- the rare earth metal compound, YbF 3, ScF 3, ScO 3, Y 2 O 3, Ce 2 O 3, GdF 3, TbF 3 and the like, YbF 3, ScF 3, TbF 3 are preferable.
- the alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, and rare earth metal complex are not particularly limited as long as each metal ion contains at least one of an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, and a rare earth metal ion.
- the ligand includes quinolinol, benzoquinolinol, acridinol, phenanthridinol, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxydiaryl oxadiazole, hydroxydiaryl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxybenzotriazole, Hydroxyfulborane, bipyridyl, phenanthroline, phthalocyanine, porphyrin, cyclopentadiene, ⁇ -diketones, azomethines, and derivatives thereof are preferred, but not limited thereto.
- the electron donating dopant it is preferable to form a layered or island shape in the interface region.
- a forming method while depositing an electron donating dopant by resistance heating vapor deposition, an organic compound (light emitting material or electron injecting material) that forms an interface region is simultaneously deposited, and the electron donating dopant is dispersed in the organic compound.
- the electron donating dopant is formed in a layered form
- the reducing dopant is vapor-deposited by a resistance heating vapor deposition method. .1 nm to 15 nm.
- the electron donating dopant is formed in an island shape
- the electron donating dopant is deposited by resistance heating vapor deposition alone, preferably The island is formed with a thickness of 0.05 nm to 1 nm.
- the electron transport layer is an organic layer formed between the light emitting layer and the cathode, and has a function of transporting electrons from the cathode to the light emitting layer.
- an organic layer close to the cathode may be defined as an electron injection layer.
- the electron injection layer has a function of efficiently injecting electrons from the cathode into the organic layer unit.
- the material for an organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention can also be used as an electron transport material contained in the electron transport layer.
- an aromatic heterocyclic compound containing one or more heteroatoms in the molecule is preferably used, and a nitrogen-containing ring derivative is particularly preferable.
- the nitrogen-containing ring derivative is preferably an aromatic ring having a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton, or a condensed aromatic ring compound having a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton.
- a nitrogen-containing ring metal chelate complex represented by the following formula (A) is preferable.
- R 2 to R 7 in formula (A) are each independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms. , An aryloxy group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, which may be substituted.
- Examples of the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like.
- the amino group which may be substituted include an alkylamino group, an arylamino group and an aralkylamino group.
- the alkylamino group and the aralkylamino group are represented as —NQ 1 Q 2 .
- Q 1 and Q 2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- One of Q 1 and Q 2 may be a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.
- the arylamino group is represented as —NAr 1 Ar 2, and Ar 1 and Ar 2 each independently represents a non-condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group or a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms includes an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group is represented as —COOY ′, and Y ′ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- M is aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga) or indium (In), and is preferably In.
- L is a group represented by the following formula (A ′) or (A ′′).
- R 8 to R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other are cyclic structures May be formed.
- R 13 to R 27 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other are An annular structure may be formed.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms represented by R 8 to R 12 and R 13 to R 27 in the formula (A ′) and the formula (A ′′) is represented by R 2 to R 7 in the formula (A).
- the divalent group in the case where the adjacent groups of R 8 to R 12 and R 13 to R 27 form a cyclic structure includes a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, and the like. Examples include a methylene group, diphenylmethane-2,2′-diyl group, diphenylethane-3,3′-diyl group, and diphenylpropane-4,4′-diyl group.
- 8-hydroxyquinoline or a metal complex of its derivative, an oxadiazole derivative, or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative is preferable.
- a metal chelate oxinoid compound containing a chelate of oxine (generally 8-quinolinol or 8-hydroxyquinoline), for example, tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- 8-quinolinol or 8-hydroxyquinoline a metal chelate oxinoid compound containing a chelate of oxine
- tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- an oxadiazole derivative the following can be mentioned.
- Ar 17 , Ar 18 , Ar 19 , Ar 21 , Ar 22 and Ar 25 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms
- Ar 17 and Ar 18 , Ar 19 and Ar 21 , Ar 22 and Ar 25 may be the same or different.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group or the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, an anthranyl group, a perylenyl group, and a pyrenyl group.
- substituents include alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and cyano groups.
- Ar 20 , Ar 23, and Ar 24 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and Ar 23 and Ar 24 are identical to each other. But it can be different.
- the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a biphenylene group, an anthranylene group, a peryleneylene group, and a pyrenylene group.
- substituents include alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and cyano groups.
- electron transfer compounds those having good thin film forming properties are preferably used.
- Specific examples of these electron transfer compounds include the following.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative as the electron transfer compound is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative composed of an organic compound having the following formula, and includes a nitrogen-containing compound that is not a metal complex. Examples thereof include a 5-membered ring or 6-membered ring containing a skeleton represented by the following formula (B) and a structure represented by the following formula (C).
- X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- Z 1 and Z 2 each independently represents an atomic group capable of forming a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative is more preferably an organic compound having a nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic group consisting of a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring. Further, in the case of such a nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic group having a plurality of nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen-containing compound having a skeleton in which the above formulas (B) and (C) or the above formula (B) and the following formula (D) are combined. Aromatic polycyclic organic compounds are preferred.
- the nitrogen-containing group of the nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic organic compound is selected from, for example, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups represented by the following formulae.
- R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group or condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic heterocyclic group or condensed aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, 1 to 20 is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 0 to 5, and when n is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R may be the same or different from each other.
- preferred specific compounds include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the following formula (D1). HAr-L 1 -Ar 1 -Ar 2 (D1)
- HAr is a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms
- L 1 is a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 40 carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted 2 to 6 carbon atom having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Ar 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms. It is a heterocyclic group or a condensed aromatic heterocyclic group.
- HAr is selected from the following group, for example.
- L 1 is selected from the following group, for example.
- Ar 1 is selected from, for example, groups represented by the following formulas (D2) and (D3).
- R 1 to R 14 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 8 may be nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives each of which is a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.
- Ar 2 is selected from the following group, for example.
- the following compounds are also preferably used as the nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic organic compound as the electron transporting compound.
- R 1 to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of 3 to 20
- X 1 and X 2 are each independently Represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a dicyanomethylene group.
- the following compounds are also preferably used as the electron transfer compound.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different groups, and are an aromatic hydrocarbon group or a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group represented by the following formula (D6) It is.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are the same or different from each other, and are a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a saturated or unsaturated alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- At least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 is a group other than a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.
- the electron transfer compound may be a polymer compound containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- the electron transport layer of the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention particularly preferably contains at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative represented by the following formulas (E) to (G).
- Z 1 , Z 2, and Z 3 are each independently a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, substituted or unsubstituted carbon An alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- n is an integer of 0 to 5, and when n is an integer of 2 or more, the plurality of R 1 may be the same or different from each other. Further, two adjacent R 1 's may be bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring.
- Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- Ar 2 is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted Alternatively, it is an unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- Ar 1 or Ar 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring group having 10 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aromatic group having 9 to 50 ring atoms. It is a heterocyclic group.
- Ar 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, or a divalent or substituted or unsubstituted divalent atom having 9 to 50 ring atoms.
- aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms examples include phenyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, phenanthryl group, naphthacenyl group, chrysenyl group, pyrenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, tolyl group, fluoranthenyl group, fluorenyl Group and the like.
- heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 ring atoms examples include pyrrolyl, furyl, thienyl, silhirol, pyridyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzofuryl, imidazolyl, pyrimidyl, carbazolyl, selenophenyl Group, oxadiazolyl group, triazolyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, acridinyl group, imidazo [1,2-a] pyridinyl group, imidazo [1,2-a] pyrimidinyl group and the like.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group.
- Examples of the haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include groups obtained by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group with at least one halogen atom selected from fluorine, chlorine, iodine and bromine.
- Examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include groups having the above alkyl group as an alkyl moiety.
- Examples of the arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms include groups obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the aryl group.
- Examples of the divalent condensed aromatic heterocyclic group having 9 to 50 ring atoms include groups obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the condensed aromatic heterocyclic group described as the heteroaryl group.
- the thickness of the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 nm to 100 nm. Moreover, it is preferable to use an insulator or a semiconductor as an inorganic compound in addition to the nitrogen-containing ring derivative as a component of the electron injection layer that can be provided adjacent to the electron transport layer. If the electron injection layer is made of an insulator or a semiconductor, current leakage can be effectively prevented and the electron injection property can be improved.
- an insulator it is preferable to use at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides and alkaline earth metal halides. If the electron injection layer is composed of these alkali metal chalcogenides or the like, it is preferable in that the electron injection property can be further improved.
- preferable alkali metal chalcogenides include, for example, Li 2 O, K 2 O, Na 2 S, Na 2 Se, and Na 2 O
- preferable alkaline earth metal chalcogenides include, for example, CaO, BaO. , SrO, BeO, BaS and CaSe.
- preferable alkali metal halides include, for example, LiF, NaF, KF, LiCl, KCl, and NaCl.
- preferable alkaline earth metal halides include fluorides such as CaF 2 , BaF 2 , SrF 2 , MgF 2 and BeF 2 , and halides other than fluorides.
- the inorganic compound constituting the electron injection layer is preferably a microcrystalline or amorphous insulating thin film. If the electron injection layer is composed of these insulating thin films, a more uniform thin film is formed, and pixel defects such as dark spots can be reduced. Examples of such inorganic compounds include alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides, and alkaline earth metal halides.
- the preferred thickness of the layer is about 0.1 nm to 15 nm.
- the electron injection layer in one embodiment of the present invention is preferable even if it contains the electron donating dopant described above.
- an organic layer close to the anode may be defined as a hole injection layer.
- the hole injection layer has a function of efficiently injecting holes from the anode into the organic layer unit.
- the material for an organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention can also be used as a hole transport material contained in the hole transport layer.
- an aromatic amine compound for example, an aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (H) is preferably used.
- Ar 1 to Ar 4 represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted ring forming atom number of 5 to 50 aromatic heterocyclic groups or condensed aromatic heterocyclic groups, or a group in which these aromatic hydrocarbon groups or condensed aromatic hydrocarbon groups and aromatic heterocyclic groups or condensed aromatic heterocyclic groups are bonded.
- L represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring forming atom number of 5 to 50. Represents an aromatic heterocyclic group or a condensed aromatic heterocyclic group.
- An aromatic amine represented by the following formula (J) is also preferably used for forming the hole transport layer.
- the hole transport layer of the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention may have a two-layer structure of a first hole transport layer (anode side) and a second hole transport layer (cathode side).
- the thickness of the hole transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- a layer containing an acceptor material may be bonded to the positive electrode side of the hole transport layer or the first hole transport layer. This is expected to reduce drive voltage and manufacturing costs.
- the acceptor material a compound represented by the following formula (K) is preferable.
- R 21 to R 26 may be the same as or different from each other, and are each independently a cyano group, —CONH 2 , carboxyl group, or —COOR 27 (R 27 is a group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms) Represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that one or more pairs of R 21 and R 22 , R 23 and R 24 , and R 25 and R 26 are combined together.
- a group represented by —CO—O—CO— may be formed.
- R 27 examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.
- the thickness of the layer containing the acceptor material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 20 nm.
- n doping is a method of doping an electron transport material with a metal such as Li or Cs
- p doping is F 4 TCNQ (2, 3, 5, 6) for a hole transport material.
- acceptor material such as -tetrafluor-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane
- the space layer is a fluorescent layer for the purpose of adjusting the carrier balance so that excitons generated in the phosphorescent layer are not diffused into the fluorescent layer. It is a layer provided between the layer and the phosphorescent light emitting layer.
- the space layer can be provided between the plurality of phosphorescent light emitting layers. Since the space layer is provided between the light emitting layers, a material having both electron transport properties and hole transport properties is preferable. In order to prevent diffusion of triplet energy in the adjacent phosphorescent light emitting layer, the triplet energy is preferably 2.6 eV or more. Examples of the material used for the space layer include the same materials as those used for the above-described hole transport layer.
- the material for an organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention can also be used.
- the organic EL device of one embodiment of the present invention preferably has a barrier layer such as an electron barrier layer, a hole barrier layer, or a triplet barrier layer in a portion adjacent to the light emitting layer.
- the electron barrier layer is a layer that prevents electrons from leaking from the light emitting layer to the hole transport layer
- the hole barrier layer is a layer that prevents holes from leaking from the light emitting layer to the electron transport layer. is there.
- the organic EL device material of one embodiment of the present invention can also be used.
- the triplet barrier layer prevents the triplet excitons generated in the light emitting layer from diffusing into the surrounding layers, and confins the triplet excitons in the light emitting layer, thereby transporting electrons other than the light emitting dopant of the triplet excitons. It has a function of suppressing energy deactivation on the molecules of the layer.
- the triplet energy of the phosphorescent dopant in the light emitting layer is E T d and the triplet energy of the compound used as the triplet barrier layer is E T TB , E T d ⁇ If the energy level relationship of E T TB is satisfied, the triplet exciton of the phosphorescent dopant is confined (cannot move to other molecules) due to the energy relationship, and the energy deactivation path other than light emission on the dopant is interrupted. It is assumed that light can be emitted with high efficiency.
- the organic EL element material of one embodiment of the present invention can be used as a material for a triplet barrier layer having a TTF element configuration described in International Publication WO2010 / 134350A1.
- the electron mobility of the material constituting the triplet barrier layer is preferably 10 ⁇ 6 cm 2 / Vs or more in the range of the electric field strength of 0.04 to 0.5 MV / cm.
- the electron mobility is determined by impedance spectroscopy.
- the electron injection layer is desirably 10 ⁇ 6 cm 2 / Vs or more in the range of electric field strength of 0.04 to 0.5 MV / cm. This facilitates the injection of electrons from the cathode into the electron transport layer, and also promotes the injection of electrons into the adjacent barrier layer and the light emitting layer, thereby enabling driving at a lower voltage.
- An organic electroluminescence element includes a display component such as an organic EL panel module, a display device such as a television, a mobile phone, or a personal computer, and an electronic device such as a light emitting device for lighting or a vehicle lamp. Can be used for
- intermediate (B) was synthesized in the same manner using intermediate (B) instead of intermediate (A) and 2-bromotriphenylene instead of bromobenzene.
- intermediate (B) was synthesized instead of intermediate (A), and 2-chloro-4,6-diphenylpyrimidine was used instead of bromobenzene in the same manner.
- intermediate (B) was synthesized instead of intermediate (A), and 2-chloro-4,6-diphenyltriazine was used instead of bromobenzene in the same manner.
- intermediate (B) was synthesized in the same manner using 2-chloro-4-phenylquinazoline synthesized by a known method instead of bromobenzene, instead of intermediate (A).
- Example 15 Manufacture of organic EL elements
- a glass substrate with an ITO transparent electrode of 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm ⁇ thickness 1.1 mm (manufactured by Geomatek Co., Ltd.) was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes and then UV ozone cleaning for 30 minutes.
- the cleaned glass substrate with a transparent electrode line of 130 nm is attached to a substrate holder of a vacuum evaporation apparatus, and first the first hole transport material is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode on the surface on which the transparent electrode line is formed.
- the following compound HT-1 was deposited as a first hole transport layer having a thickness of 45 nm.
- the following compound HT-2 was deposited as a second hole transport material to form a second hole transport layer having a thickness of 10 nm. Further, on this second hole transport layer, the compound 11 obtained in Example 11 as a host material and the following compound RD-1 as a phosphorescent material were co-evaporated to form a phosphorescent layer having a thickness of 40 nm. Filmed. The concentration of Compound RD-1 in the light emitting layer was 5.0% by mass. This co-deposited film functions as a light emitting layer. Following the formation of the light emitting layer, the following compound ET-1 was formed to a thickness of 40 nm. This compound ET-1 film functions as a first electron transport layer.
- LiF was used as an electron injecting electrode (cathode) at a film forming rate of 0.01 nm / sec, and the film thickness was 1 nm.
- Metal Al was vapor-deposited on this LiF film, and a metal cathode was formed with a film thickness of 80 nm to produce an organic EL device.
- the compounds used in Examples and Comparative Examples are shown below.
- the organic EL element obtained as described above was evaluated for light emission characteristics as follows. (Emission characteristic evaluation of organic EL elements) External quantum efficiency of the obtained organic EL device at room temperature and DC constant current drive (current density 10 mA / cm 2 ) was measured using a luminance meter (Spectral Luminance Radiometer CS-1000 manufactured by Minolta). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 16-22 organic EL devices were produced in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the compounds described in Table 1 were used instead of the compound 11 as the host material of the phosphorescent light emitting layer. Further, the light emission characteristics were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 15. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 15 an organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the following comparative compound 1 was used instead of the compound 11 as the host material of the phosphorescent light emitting layer. Further, the light emission characteristics were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 15. The results are shown in Table 1.
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Abstract
Description
また、有機EL素子は、発光層に種々の発光材料を用いることにより、多様な発光色を得ることが可能であることから、ディスプレイなどへの実用化研究が盛んである。特に赤色、緑色、青色の三原色の発光材料の研究が最も活発であり、特性向上を目指して鋭意研究がなされている。
[1]
下記式(1)で表される含窒素複素環誘導体。
前記含窒素複素環誘導体を含有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
[3]
陰極と陽極間に少なくとも発光層を含む一層又は複数層からなる有機薄膜層が挟持されている有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、該有機薄膜層の少なくとも1層が、前記含窒素複素環誘導体を含有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
[4]
前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を備える電子機器。
これらの置換基は、さらに上述の任意の置換基により置換されていてもよい。
また、これらの置換基は、複数の置換基が互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。
さらに、「置換もしくは無置換」との記載における「無置換」とは、これらの置換基で置換されておらず、水素原子が結合していることを意味する。
本発明の一実施態様の含窒素複素環誘導体は、下記式(1)で表される。
Lbで表される2価の連結基の具体例としては、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリーレン基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数3~60のヘテロアリーレン基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキレン基等が挙げられる。
Ycは、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のp価の芳香族炭化水素基、または、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数3~60のp価の複素環基を示す。
Lcは、単結合、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリーレン基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数3~60のヘテロアリーレン基、または、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキレン基を示す。
pは、1~6の整数を示す。]
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R17から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせとしては、例えば、R1とR2、R2とR3、R3とR4、R7とR8、R8とR9、R9とR10、R10とR11、R11とR12、R13とR14、R14とR15、R15とR16、R1とR12、R13とR17、R7とR17、R4とR17、R4とR16及びR7とR16等が挙げられる。これらの2つの基は、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよいが、当該二価の基を複数形成してもよい。
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせとしては、例えば、R1とR2、R2とR3、R3とR4、R7とR8、R8とR9、R9とR10、R10とR11、R11とR12、R13とR14、R14とR15、R15とR16、R1とR12、R4とR16及びR7とR16等が挙げられる。これらの2つの基は、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよいが、当該二価の基を複数形成してもよい。
なお、「R1~R4、R7~R16及びR18から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせとしては、例えば、R1とR2、R2とR3、R3とR4、R7とR8、R8とR9、R9とR10、R10とR11、R11とR12、R13とR14、R14とR15、R15とR16、R1とR12、R4とR16、R7とR16、R13とR18、R7とR18及びR4とR18等が挙げられる。これらの2つの基は、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよいが、当該二価の基を複数形成してもよい。
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(4)、(5)での説明と同じである。
また、「R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせとしては、例えば、X1がC(R21)である場合のR21とR19もしくはR21とR20、X2がC(R21)である場合のR21とR19、X3がC(R21)である場合のR21とR20等が挙げられる。これらの2つの基は、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよいが、当該二価の基を複数形成してもよい。
式(8)、(9)において、R19及びR20は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基であることが好ましい。
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(4)、(5)での説明と同じであり、「R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(8)、(9)での説明と同じである。
また、式(10)、(11)において、R19及びR20は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基であることが好ましい。
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(4)、(5)での説明と同じである。
また、「R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、例えば、X1がC(R21)である場合のR21とR19もしくはR21とR20等が挙げられる。これらの2つの基は、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよいが、当該二価の基を複数形成してもよい。
式(12)、(13)において、R19及びR20は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基であることが好ましい。
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(4)、(5)での説明と同じである。
また、式(14)、(15)において、R19は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基であることが好ましい。
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(4)、(5)での説明と同じであり、「R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(12)、(13)での説明と同じである。
また、式(16)、(17)において、R19及びR20は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基であることが好ましい。
なお、「R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つ」の具体的な組み合わせ等の説明は、上述の式(4)、(5)での説明と同じである。
また、式(18)、(19)において、R19は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基であることが好ましい。
Yは、それぞれ独立に、単結合、C(R101)(R102)、酸素原子、硫黄原子又はN(R103)を表し、
R101、R102及びR103は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は置換基を表わし、mは、それぞれ独立に、0または1を表す。]
上記式中における置換基としては、上述のものと同様のものが挙げられる。
前記炭素数1~50(好ましくは1~18、より好ましくは1~8)のアルキル基及び環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基(好ましくは6~25、より好ましくは6~18)から選ばれる置換基を有するモノ置換又はジ置換アミノ基としては、上記アルキル基及び上記アリール基から選ばれる置換基を有するモノ置換又はジ置換アミノ基が挙げられる。
前記炭素数1~50(好ましくは1~18、より好ましくは1~8)のアルキル基を有するアルコキシ基としては、上記アルキル基を有するアルコキシ基が挙げられる。
前記環形成炭素数6~60(好ましくは6~25、より好ましくは6~18)のアリール基を有するアリールオキシ基としては、上記アリール基を有するアリールオキシ基が挙げられる。
前記炭素数1~50(好ましくは1~18、より好ましくは1~8)のハロアルキル基としては、上記アルキル基の水素原子の1以上が、ハロゲン原子(フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子)により置換されたものが挙げられる。
前記炭素数1~50(好ましくは1~18、より好ましくは1~8)のアルキル基及び前記環形成炭素数6~60(好ましくは6~25、より好ましくは6~18)のアリール基から選ばれる置換基を有するジ置換ホスフォリル基としては、上記アルキル基及び上記アリール基から選ばれる置換基を有するジ置換ホスフォリル基が挙げられる。
上記一般式(b)においてLbで表される置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数3~60のヘテロアリーレン基、及び上記一般式(c)においてLcで表される置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数3~60の2価のヘテロアリーレン基の具体例としては、上記へテロアリール基として挙げられたものから水素原子を1つ除いてなるものが挙げられる。
上記一般式(b)においてLbで表される置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキレン基、及び上記一般式(c)においてLcで表される置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキレン基の具体例としては、上記アルキル基として挙げられたものから水素原子を1つ除いてなるものが挙げられる。
また、上記一般式(d)においてLdで表される3価の有機基の具体例としては、上記Lb及びLcで表される2価の基より水素原子を1つ除いてなるものが挙げられる。
置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリーレン基としては、上記アリール基として挙げられる基から水素原子を1つ除いてなるものが挙げられる。
置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~60のヘテロアリーレン基としては、上記へテロアリール基として挙げられる基から水素原子を1つ除いてなるものが挙げられる。
含窒素複素環誘導体が環構造含有基を有することにより、有機EL素子用材料として用いた場合に、該材料を含む有機薄膜の膜質が良好となるなどの効果を奏する。
上記環構造含有基としては、置換基上に環構造含有基を有するものも包含され、この置換基の具体例としては、上述したものが挙げられる。
また、R17が上記一般式(II)で表される基である化合物としては、上記一般式(6)または(7)で表される含窒素複素環誘導体が挙げられ、R17が上記一般式(III)で表される基である化合物としては、上記一般式(16)または(17)で表される含窒素複素環誘導体が挙げられる。
R1は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、又はAr1との結合手を表す。
Ar1は、それぞれ独立に、置換基を表し、好ましくは置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~60のヘテロアリール基である。nは、0~5の整数を表す。*は結合位置を示す。]
R1は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を表す。
Ar2及びAr3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は置換基を表し、好ましくは置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~60のヘテロアリール基である。*は結合位置を示す。]
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料は、上記含窒素複素環誘導体を含む。本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料における含窒素複素環誘導体の含有量は、特に制限されず、例えば、1質量%以上であればよく、10質量%以上であることが好ましく、50質量%以上であることがより好ましく、80質量%以上であることがさらに好ましく、90質量%以上であることが特に好ましい。
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料は、有機EL素子における材料として有用であり、例えば、蛍光発光ユニットの発光層におけるホスト材料及びドーパント材料や、燐光発光ユニットの発光層におけるホスト材料として用いることができる。また、蛍光発光ユニット及び燐光発光ユニットのいずれにおいても、有機EL素子の陽極と発光層との間に設けられる陽極側有機薄膜層や、有機EL素子の陰極と発光層との間に設けられる陰極側有機薄膜層の材料、すなわち、正孔輸送層、正孔注入層、電子輸送層、電子注入層、正孔阻止層、電子阻止層等の材料としても有用である。
ここで、「発光ユニット」とは、一層以上の有機層を含み、そのうちの一層が発光層であり、注入された正孔と電子が再結合することにより発光することができる最小単位をいう。
次に、本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子について説明する。
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子は、陰極と陽極の間に発光層を含有する有機薄膜層を有し、この有機薄膜層のうちの少なくとも1層が前述した本発明の一実施態様の化合物を含むことを特徴とする。
前述の本発明の一実施態様の化合物が含まれる有機薄膜層の例としては、陽極と発光層との間に設けられる陽極側有機薄膜層(正孔輸送層、正孔注入層等)、発光層、陰極と発光層との間に設けられる陰極側有機薄膜層(電子輸送層、電子注入層等)、スペース層、障壁層等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。前述の本発明の一実施態様の化合物は、上記いずれの層に含まれていてもよく、例えば、蛍光発光ユニットの発光層におけるホスト材料やドーパント材料、燐光発光ユニットの発光層におけるホスト材料等として用いることが好ましい。また、発光ユニットの正孔輸送層や正孔注入層等の陽極側有機薄膜層、電子輸送層や電子注入層等の陰極有機薄膜層に前述の本発明の一実施形態の化合物を含有してもよい。
(1)陽極/発光ユニット/陰極
また、上記発光ユニットは、燐光発光層や蛍光発光層を複数有する積層型であってもよく、その場合、各発光層の間に、燐光発光層で生成された励起子が蛍光発光層に拡散することを防ぐ目的で、スペース層を有していてもよい。発光ユニットの代表的な層構成を以下に示す。
(a)正孔輸送層/発光層(/電子輸送層)
(b)正孔輸送層/第一燐光発光層/第二燐光発光層(/電子輸送層)
(c)正孔輸送層/燐光発光層/スペース層/蛍光発光層(/電子輸送層)
(d)正孔輸送層/第一燐光発光層/第二燐光発光層/スペース層/蛍光発光層(/電子輸送層)
(e)正孔輸送層/第一燐光発光層/スペース層/第二燐光発光層/スペース層/蛍光発光層(/電子輸送層)
(f)正孔輸送層/燐光発光層/スペース層/第一蛍光発光層/第二蛍光発光層(/電子輸送層)
(g)正孔輸送層/電子障壁層/発光層(/電子輸送層)
(h)正孔輸送層/発光層/正孔障壁層(/電子輸送層)
(i)正孔輸送層/蛍光発光層/トリプレット障壁層(/電子輸送層)
なお、各発光層と正孔輸送層あるいはスペース層との間には、適宜、電子障壁層を設けてもよい。また、各発光層と電子輸送層との間には、適宜、正孔障壁層を設けてもよい。電子障壁層や正孔障壁層を設けることで、電子又は正孔を発光層内に閉じ込めて、発光層における電荷の再結合確率を高め、発光効率を向上させることができる。
(2)陽極/第一発光ユニット/中間層/第二発光ユニット/陰極
ここで、上記第一発光ユニット及び第二発光ユニットとしては、例えば、それぞれ独立に上述の発光ユニットと同様のものを選択することができる。
上記中間層は、一般的に、中間電極、中間導電層、電荷発生層、電子引抜層、接続層、中間絶縁層とも呼ばれ、第一発光ユニットに電子を、第二発光ユニットに正孔を供給する、公知の材料構成を用いることができる。
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子は、透光性基板上に作製する。透光性基板は有機EL素子を支持する基板であり、400nm~700nmの可視領域の光の透過率が50%以上で平滑な基板が好ましい。具体的には、ガラス板、ポリマー板等が挙げられる。ガラス板としては、特にソーダ石灰ガラス、バリウム・ストロンチウム含有ガラス、鉛ガラス、アルミノケイ酸ガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、バリウムホウケイ酸ガラス、石英等を原料として用いてなるものを挙げられる。またポリマー板としては、ポリカーボネート、アクリル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエーテルサルファイド、ポリサルフォン等を原料として用いてなるものを挙げることができる。
有機EL素子の陽極は、正孔を正孔輸送層又は発光層に注入する役割を担うものであり、4.5eV以上の仕事関数を有するものを用いることが効果的である。陽極材料の具体例としては、酸化インジウム錫合金(ITO)、酸化錫(NESA)、酸化インジウム亜鉛酸化物、金、銀、白金、銅等が挙げられる。陽極はこれらの電極物質を蒸着法やスパッタリング法等の方法で薄膜を形成させることにより作製することができる。発光層からの発光を陽極から取り出す場合、陽極の可視領域の光の透過率を10%より大きくすることが好ましい。また、陽極のシート抵抗は、数百Ω/□以下が好ましい。陽極の膜厚は、材料にもよるが、通常10nm~1μm、好ましくは10nm~200nmの範囲で選択される。
陰極は電子注入層、電子輸送層又は発光層に電子を注入する役割を担うものであり、仕事関数の小さい材料により形成するのが好ましい。陰極材料は特に限定されないが、具体的にはインジウム、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、マグネシウム-インジウム合金、マグネシウム-アルミニウム合金、アルミニウム-リチウム合金、アルミニウム-スカンジウム-リチウム合金、マグネシウム-銀合金等が使用できる。陰極も、陽極と同様に、蒸着法やスパッタリング法等の方法で薄膜を形成させることにより作製することができる。また、必要に応じて、陰極側から発光を取り出してもよい。
発光機能を有する有機層であって、ドーピングシステムを採用する場合、ホスト材料とドーパント材料を含んでいる。このとき、ホスト材料は、主に電子と正孔の再結合を促し、励起子を発光層内に閉じ込める機能を有し、ドーパント材料は、再結合で得られた励起子を効率的に発光させる機能を有する。
燐光素子の場合、ホスト材料は主にドーパントで生成された励起子を発光層内に閉じ込める機能を有する。
また、量子収率の高いドーパント材料を二種類以上入れることによって、それぞれのドーパントが発光するダブルドーパントを採用してもよい。具体的には、ホスト、赤色ドーパント及び緑色ドーパントを共蒸着することによって、発光層を共通化して黄色発光を実現する態様が挙げられる。
発光層への正孔の注入し易さと電子の注入し易さは異なっていてもよく、また、発光層中での正孔と電子の移動度で表される正孔輸送能と電子輸送能が異なっていてもよい。
発光層は、分子堆積膜であることが好ましい。分子堆積膜とは、気相状態の材料化合物から沈着され形成された薄膜や、溶液状態又は液相状態の材料化合物から固体化され形成された膜のことであり、通常この分子堆積膜は、LB法により形成された薄膜(分子累積膜)とは凝集構造、高次構造の相違や、それに起因する機能的な相違により区分することができる。
Rの置換基としては、一般式(1)の置換基と同様の例が挙げられる。
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料とそれ以外の化合物を同一の発光層内の燐光ホスト材料として併用してもよいし、複数の発光層がある場合には、そのうちの一つの発光層の燐光ホスト材料として本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料を用い、別の一つの発光層の燐光ホスト材料として本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料以外の化合物を用いてもよい。また、本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料は発光層以外の有機層にも使用しうるものであり、その場合には発光層の燐光ホストとして、本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料以外の化合物を用いてもよい。
R81~R88は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリール基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルコキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数7~50のアラルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリールチオ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数2~50のアルコキシカルボニル基、置換もしくは無置換のシリル基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基又はヒドロキシル基である。)
上記環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基としては、いずれも、環形成炭素数6~40のアリール基が好ましく、環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基がより好ましい。
上記環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリール基としては、いずれも、環形成原子数5~40のヘテロアリール基が好ましく、環形成原子数5~30のヘテロアリール基がより好ましい。
上記炭素数1~50のアルキル基としては、炭素数1~30のアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数1~10のアルキル基がより好ましく、炭素数1~5のアルキル基がさらに好ましい。
上記炭素数1~50のアルコキシ基としては、炭素数1~30のアルコキシ基が好ましく、炭素数1~10のアルコキシ基がより好ましく、炭素数1~5のアルコキシ基がさらに好ましい。
上記炭素数7~50のアラルキル基としては、炭素数7~30のアラルキル基が好ましく、炭素数7~20のアラルキル基がより好ましい。
上記環形成炭素数6~50のアリールオキシ基としては、環形成炭素数6~40のアリールオキシ基が好ましく、環形成炭素数6~30のアリールオキシ基がより好ましい。
上記環形成炭素数6~50のアリールチオ基としては、環形成炭素数6~40のアリールチオ基が好ましく、環形成炭素数6~30のアリールチオ基がより好ましい。
上記炭素数2~50のアルコキシカルボニル基としては、炭素数2~30のアルコキシカルボニル基が好ましく、炭素数2~10のアルコキシカルボニル基がより好ましく、炭素数2~5のアルコキシカルボニル基がさらに好ましい。
上記ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等が挙げられる。
特に、Ar31及びAr32は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基であることが好ましい。
また、式(10)で表されるアントラセン誘導体としては、下記式(10-1)で表されるアントラセン誘導体が好ましい。
R81~R88は、好ましいものも前記同様である。また、R89の好ましいものも、R81~R88と同様である。aは1~3の整数が好ましく、1又は2がより好ましい。
Ar33が表す環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基としては、環形成炭素数6~40のアリール基が好ましく、環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基がより好ましく、環形成炭素数6~20のアリール基がさらに好ましく、環形成炭素数6~12のアリール基が特に好ましい。
アリールジアミン誘導体としては、より具体的には、下記式(11)で表されるアリールジアミン誘導体が好ましい。
L21は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリーレン基又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリーレン基を表す。)
上記環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基としては、環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基が好ましく、環形成炭素数6~20のアリール基がより好ましく、環形成炭素数6~12のアリール基がさらに好ましく、フェニル基、ナフチル基が特に好ましい。
上記環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリール基としては、環形成原子数5~40のヘテロアリール基が好ましく、環形成原子数5~30のヘテロアリール基がより好ましく、環形成原子数5~20のヘテロアリール基がさらに好ましい。ヘテロアリール基としては、カルバゾリル基、ジベンゾフラニル基、ジベンゾチオフェニル基などが挙げられ、ジベンゾフラニル基が好ましい。該ヘテロアリール基の好ましい置換基としては、環形成炭素数6~30(好ましくは6~20、より好ましくは6~12)のアリール基が挙げられ、フェニル基、ナフチル基がより好ましい。
上記環形成炭素数6~50のアリーレン基としては、環形成炭素数6~40のアリーレン基が好ましく、環形成炭素数6~30のアリーレン基がより好ましく、環形成炭素数6~20のアリーレン基がさらに好ましく、ピレニル基が特に好ましい。
また、ダブルドーパントとしてもよい。発光層において、量子収率の高いドーパント材料を2種類以上入れることによって、それぞれのドーパントが発光する。例えば、ホストと赤色ドーパント、緑色のドーパントを共蒸着することによって、黄色の発光層を実現することがある。
さらに、発光層の膜厚は、好ましくは5~50nm、より好ましくは7~50nm、最も好ましくは10~50nmである。5nm未満では発光層形成が困難となり、色度の調整が困難となる恐れがあり、50nmを超えると駆動電圧が上昇する恐れがある。
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子は、陰極と発光ユニットとの界面領域に電子供与性ドーパントを有することも好ましい。このような構成によれば、有機EL素子における発光輝度の向上や長寿命化が図られる。ここで、電子供与性ドーパントとは、仕事関数3.8eV以下の金属を含有するものをいい、その具体例としては、アルカリ金属、アルカリ金属錯体、アルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属、アルカリ土類金属錯体、アルカリ土類金属化合物、希土類金属、希土類金属錯体、及び希土類金属化合物等から選ばれた少なくとも一種類が挙げられる。
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子における、主成分と電子供与性ドーパントの割合は、モル比で主成分:電子供与性ドーパント=5:1~1:5であると好ましく、2:1~1:2であるとさらに好ましい。
電子輸送層は、発光層と陰極との間に形成される有機層であって、電子を陰極から発光層へ輸送する機能を有する。電子輸送層が複数層で構成される場合、陰極に近い有機層を電子注入層と定義することがある。電子注入層は、陰極から電子を効率的に有機層ユニットに注入する機能を有する。本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料は、電子輸送層に含有される電子輸送材料として用いることもできる。
この含窒素環誘導体としては、例えば、下記式(A)で表される含窒素環金属キレート錯体が好ましい。
置換されていてもよいアミノ基の例としては、アルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、アラルキルアミノ基が挙げられる。
アルキルアミノ基及びアラルキルアミノ基は-NQ1Q2と表される。Q1及びQ2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~20のアルキル基又は炭素数1~20のアラルキル基を表す。Q1及びQ2の一方は水素原子又は重水素原子であってもよい。
アリールアミノ基は-NAr1Ar2と表され、Ar1及びAr2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~50の非縮合芳香族炭化水素基または縮合芳香族炭化水素基を表す。Ar1及びAr2の一方は水素原子又は重水素原子であってもよい。
アルコキシカルボニル基は-COOY’と表され、Y’は炭素数1~20のアルキル基を表す。
Mは、アルミニウム(Al)、ガリウム(Ga)又はインジウム(In)であり、Inであると好ましい。
Lは、下記式(A’)又は(A”)で表される基である。
HAr-L1-Ar1-Ar2 (D1)
前記式(D1)中、HArは、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数3~40の含窒素複素環基であり、L1は単結合、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数6~40の芳香族炭化水素基又は縮合芳香族炭化水素基又は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数3~40の芳香族複素環基又は縮合芳香族複素環基であり、Ar1は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数6~40の2価の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ar2は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数6~40の芳香族炭化水素基又は縮合芳香族炭化水素基又は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数3~40の芳香族複素環基又は縮合芳香族複素環基である。
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリール基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基又は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基である。
nは、0~5の整数であり、nが2以上の整数であるとき、複数のR1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。また、隣接する2つのR1同士が互いに結合して、置換もしくは無置換の炭化水素環を形成していてもよい。
Ar1は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリール基である。
Ar2は、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリール基である。
但し、Ar1、Ar2のいずれか一方は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数10~50の縮合芳香族炭化水素環基又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数9~50の縮合芳香族複素環基である。
Ar3は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリーレン基又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリーレン基である。
L1、L2及びL3は、それぞれ独立に、単結合、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリーレン基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数9~50の2価の縮合芳香族複素環基である。)
環形成原子数5~50のヘテロアリール基としては、ピロリル基、フリル基、チエニル基、シローリル基、ピリジル基、キノリル基、イソキノリル基、べンゾフリル基、イミダゾリル基、ピリミジル基、カルバゾリル基、セレノフェニル基、オキサジアゾリル基、トリアゾリル基、ピラジニル基、ピリダジニル基、トリアジニル基、キノキサリニル基、アクリジニル基、イミダゾ[1,2-a]ピリジニル基、イミダゾ[1,2-a]ピリミジニル基などが挙げられる。
炭素数1~20のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、へキシル基などが挙げられる。
炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基としては、前記アルキル基の1又は2以上の水素原子をフッ素、塩素、ヨウ素および臭素から選ばれる少なくとも1のハロゲン原子で置換して得られる基が挙げられる。
炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基としては、前記アルキル基をアルキル部位としては有する基が挙げられる。
環形成炭素数6~50のアリーレン基としては、前記アリール基から水素原子1個を除去して得られる基が挙げられる。
環形成原子数9~50の2価の縮合芳香族複素環基としては、前記ヘテロアリール基として記載した縮合芳香族複素環基から水素原子1個を除去して得られる基が挙げられる。
また、電子輸送層に隣接して設けることができる電子注入層の構成成分として、含窒素環誘導体の他に無機化合物として、絶縁体又は半導体を使用することが好ましい。電子注入層が絶縁体や半導体で構成されていれば、電流のリークを有効に防止して、電子注入性を向上させることができる。
発光層と陽極との間に形成される有機層であって、正孔を陽極から発光層へ輸送する機能を有する。正孔輸送層が複数層で構成される場合、陽極に近い有機層を正孔注入層と定義することがある。正孔注入層は、陽極から正孔を効率的に有機層ユニットに注入する機能を有する。本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料は、正孔輸送層に含有される正孔輸送材料として用いることもできる。
正孔輸送層を形成する他の材料としては、芳香族アミン化合物、例えば、下記式(H)で表される芳香族アミン誘導体が好適に用いられる。
また、前記式(H)において、Lは置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50の芳香族炭化水素基又は縮合芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50の芳香族複素環基又は縮合芳香族複素環基を表す。
正孔輸送層の膜厚は特に限定されないが、10~200nmであるのが好ましい。
前記アクセプター材料としては下記式(K)で表される化合物が好ましい。
R27としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等が挙げられる。
アクセプター材料を含有する層の膜厚は特に限定されないが、5~20nmであるのが好ましい。
上述の正孔輸送層や電子輸送層においては、特許第3695714号明細書に記載されているように、ドナー性材料のドーピング(n)やアクセプター性材料のドーピング(p)により、キャリア注入能を調整することができる。
nドーピングの代表例としては、電子輸送材料にLiやCs等の金属をドーピングする方法が挙げられ、pドーピングの代表例としては、正孔輸送材料にF4TCNQ(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane)等のアクセプター材料をドーピングする方法が挙げられる。
上記スペース層とは、例えば、蛍光発光層と燐光発光層とを積層する場合に、燐光発光層で生成する励起子を蛍光発光層に拡散させない、あるいは、キャリアバランスを調整する目的で、蛍光発光層と燐光発光層との間に設けられる層である。また、スペース層は、複数の燐光発光層の間に設けることもできる。
スペース層は発光層間に設けられるため、電子輸送性と正孔輸送性を兼ね備える材料であることが好ましい。また、隣接する燐光発光層内の三重項エネルギーの拡散を防ぐため、三重項エネルギーが2.6eV以上であることが好ましい。スペース層に用いられる材料としては、上述の正孔輸送層に用いられるものと同様のものが挙げられる。スペース層用の材料として、本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料を用いることもできる。
本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子は、発光層に隣接する部分に、電子障壁層、正孔障壁層、トリプレット障壁層といった障壁層を有することが好ましい。ここで、電子障壁層とは、発光層から正孔輸送層へ電子が漏れることを防ぐ層であり、正孔障壁層とは、発光層から電子輸送層へ正孔が漏れることを防ぐ層である。正孔障壁層用の材料として、本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料を用いることもできる。
トリプレット障壁層は、発光層で生成する三重項励起子が、周辺の層へ拡散することを防止し、三重項励起子を発光層内に閉じ込めることによって三重項励起子の発光ドーパント以外の電子輸送層の分子上でのエネルギー失活を抑制する機能を有する。
トリプレット障壁層を設ける場合、燐光素子においては、発光層中の燐光発光性ドーパントの三重項エネルギーをET d、トリプレット障壁層として用いる化合物の三重項エネルギーをET TBとすると、ET d<ET TBのエネルギー大小関係であれば、エネルギー関係上、燐光発光性ドーパントの三重項励起子が閉じ込められ(他分子へ移動できなくなり)、該ドーパント上で発光する以外のエネルギー失活経路が断たれ、高効率に発光することができると推測される。ただし、ET d<ET TBの関係が成り立つ場合であってもこのエネルギー差ΔET=ET TB-ET dが小さい場合には、実際の素子駆動環境である室温程度の環境下では、周辺の熱エネルギーにより吸熱的にこのエネルギー差ΔETを乗り越えて三重項励起子が他分子へ移動することが可能であると考えられる。特に燐光発光の場合は蛍光発光に比べて励起子寿命が長いため、相対的に吸熱的励起子移動過程の影響が現れやすくなる。室温の熱エネルギーに対してこのエネルギー差ΔETは大きい程好ましく、0.1eV以上であるとさらに好ましく、0.2eV以上であると特に好ましい。一方、蛍光素子においては、国際公開WO2010/134350A1に記載するTTF素子構成のトリプレット障壁層用の材料として、本発明の一実施態様の有機EL素子用材料を用いることもできる。
電子注入層は、電界強度0.04~0.5MV/cmの範囲において、10-6cm2/Vs以上であることが望ましい。これにより陰極からの電子輸送層への電子注入が促進され、ひいては隣接する障壁層、発光層への電子注入も促進し、より低電圧での駆動を可能にするためである。
合成例1(中間体(A)の合成)
アルゴン雰囲気下、1,4-ジブロモナフタレン230g、2-ホルミルフェニルボロン酸121g、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)18.5gをフラスコに仕込み、ジメトキシフラン(DME)2.4L、2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液1.2Lを加え、8時間加熱還流攪拌した。室温(25℃)まで冷却後、水層を除去した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄した後、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。硫酸マグネシウムを濾別後、有機層を濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィで精製し、目的の1-ブロモ-4-(2-ホルミルフェニル)ナフタレン170g(収率67%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、1-ブロモ-4-(2-ホルミルフェニル)ナフタレン170g、メトキシメチルトリフェニルホスフォニウムクロリド207g、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)2.0Lを仕込み、室温(25℃)にて攪拌中に、t-ブトキシカリウム73.6gを加えた。室温(25℃)にて2時間攪拌した後、水1.5Lを加えた。反応溶液をジエチルエーテルで抽出し、水層を除去した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄した後、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。硫酸マグネシウムを濾別後、有機層を濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィで精製し、目的の1-ブロモ-4-[1-(2-メトキシビニル)フェニル]ナフタレン180g(収率99%)を得た。
1-ブロモ-4-[1-(2-メトキシビニル)フェニル]ナフタレン180g、ジクロロメタン1.0Lを仕込み、室温(25℃)下攪拌中にメタンスルホン酸を25mL加えた。室温(25℃)で8時間攪拌を続けた。反応終了後10%炭酸カリウム水溶液1Lを加えた。水層を除去し、有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄した後、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。硫酸マグネシウムを濾別後、有機層を濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィで精製し、目的の5-ブロモベンゾ[c]フェナントレン24.4g(収率15%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下2-ニトロフェニルボロン酸2.00g、5-ブロモベンゾ[c]フェナントレン6.12g、テトラキストリフェニルホスフィンパラジウム(0)0.462g、DME80mL、2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液40mLをフラスコに仕込み、24時間加熱還流攪拌した。室温(25℃)まで冷却後、反応溶液をトルエンを用いて抽出し、水層を除去した後、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた後、濃縮し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィで精製し5-(2-ニトロフェニル)ベンゾ[c]フェナントレン5.72gを得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、5-(2-ニトロフェニル)ベンゾ[c]フェナントレン5.72g、トリフェニルホスフィン10.7g、o-ジクロロベンゼン200mLを仕込み、48時間加熱還流撹拌した。室温(25℃)まで冷却後、ヘキサン1Lを加え析出した結晶をろ取した。得られた固体をトルエンで再結晶し、中間体(A)3.20gを得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、3-ブロモフルオランテン12.3g、2-クロロアニリン5.60g、トリスジベンジリデンアセトンジパラジウム(0)0.732g、トリ-t-ブチルホスフィンテトラフルオロハイドロボレート0.926g、ナトリウム-t-ブトキシド7.68g、脱水トルエン400mLをフラスコに仕込み、80℃で8時間加熱撹拌した。室温(25℃)まで冷却した後、反応溶液をトルエンで抽出し、セライトろ過した。ろ液を濃縮し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィで精製し、5-(2-クロロアニリノ)ベンゾ[c]フェナントレン11.32gを得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、5-(2-クロロアニリノ)ベンゾ[c]フェナントレン11.32g、酢酸パラジウム0.22g、炭酸カリウム8.84g、トリシクロヘキシルホスフィンテトラフルオロハイドロボレート0.70g、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド80mLをフラスコに仕込み、140℃で24時間加熱撹拌した。室温(25℃)まで冷却後、トルエンを用いて抽出し、不溶物をろ別した。ろ液を濃縮し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィで精製し、中間体(B)4.20gを得た。
室温(25℃)まで反応液を冷却した後、有機層を分離し、有機溶媒を減圧下留去した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィにて精製し、化合物1 3.2gを得た。このものは、マススペクトル分析の結果、目的物であり、分子量393.15に対し、m/e=393であった。
上記反応に倣い、目的物に合わせた既知の代替反応や原料を用いることで、本願請求項で規定の範囲内に属する化合物を合成することができる。
25mm×75mm×厚さ1.1mmのITO透明電極付きガラス基板(ジオマテック株式会社製)をイソプロピルアルコール中で超音波洗浄を5分間行なった後、UVオゾン洗浄を30分間行った。
洗浄後の130nmの透明電極ライン付きガラス基板を真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に前記透明電極を覆うようにして第1正孔輸送材料として下記化合物HT-1を蒸着し、膜厚45nmの第1正孔輸送層を成膜した。第1正孔輸送層の成膜に続けて、第2正孔輸送材料として下記化合物HT-2を蒸着し、膜厚10nmの第2正孔輸送層を成膜した。
さらに、この第2正孔輸送層上に、ホスト材料として前記実施例11で得た化合物11と、燐光発光材料として下記化合物RD-1とを共蒸着し、膜厚40nmの燐光発光層を成膜した。発光層内における化合物RD-1の濃度は5.0質量%であった。この共蒸着膜は発光層として機能する。
そして、この発光層成膜に続けて下記化合物ET-1を膜厚40nmで成膜した。この化合物ET-1膜は第1電子輸送層として機能する。
次に、LiFを電子注入性電極(陰極)として成膜速度0.01nm/secで成膜し、膜厚を1nmとした。このLiF膜上に金属Alを蒸着させ、金属陰極を膜厚80nmで形成し有機EL素子を作製した。
以下に、実施例および比較例で使用した化合物を示す。
(有機EL素子の発光特性評価)
得られた有機EL素子の室温及びDC定電流駆動(電流密度10mA/cm2)での外部量子効率を輝度計(ミノルタ社製分光輝度放射計CS-1000)を用いて測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例15において、燐光発光層のホスト材料として、化合物11の代わりに表1に記載した化合物を用いた以外は、実施例15と同様にして有機EL素子をそれぞれ製造した。また、実施例15と同様に、発光特性評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例15において、燐光発光層のホスト材料として、化合物11の代わりに下記比較化合物1を用いた以外は、実施例15と同様にして有機EL素子を製造した。また、実施例15と同様に、発光特性評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
2 基板
3 陽極
4 陰極
5 発光層
6 陽極側有機薄膜層
7 陰極側有機薄膜層
10 発光ユニット
Claims (28)
- 下記式(1)で表される含窒素複素環誘導体。
[式(1)において、R1~R12は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子または置換基を示し、R1~R12から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。ただし、R1~R12から選ばれる隣接する2つの少なくとも1組は、互いに結合して、下記式(a)で表される環構造を形成している。
R13~R17は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子または置換基を示し、R13~R17から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。*1、*2は、R1~R12から選ばれる隣接する2つの少なくとも1組が結合している炭素原子との結合位置を示す。] - R1とR2、R2とR3、R3とR4、R5とR6、R7とR8、R9とR10、R10とR11、およびR11とR12のいずれかが、式(a)で表される環構造を形成していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
- 下記式(8)または(9)で表されることを特徴とする請求項4記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
[式(8)、(9)において、X1~X3は、それぞれ独立に、C(R21)、又は窒素原子を示す。R1~R4、R7~R16は、前記と同じであり、R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。R19~R21は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基を示し、R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。] - 下記式(10)または(11)で表されることを特徴とする請求項5記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
[式(10)、(11)において、X1~X3は、それぞれ独立に、C(R21)、又は窒素原子を示す。R1~R4、R7~R16は、前記と同じであり、R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。R19~R21は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基を示し、R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。] - 下記式(12)または(13)で表されることを特徴とする請求項7記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
[式(12)、(13)において、X1は、C(R21)、又は窒素原子を示す。R1~R4、R7~R16は、前記と同じであり、R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。R19~R21は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基を示し、R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。] - 下記式(14)または(15)で表されることを特徴とする請求項7記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
[式(14)、(15)において、X2~X3は、それぞれ独立に、C(R21)、又は窒素原子を示す。R1~R4、R7~R16は、前記と同じであり、R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。R19、R21~R25は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基を示し、R19及びR21~R25から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。] - 下記式(16)または(17)で表されることを特徴とする請求項6記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
[式(16)、(17)において、X1は、C(R21)、又は窒素原子を示す。R1~R4、R7~R16は、前記と同じであり、R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。R19~R21は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基を示し、R19~R21から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。] - 下記式(18)または(19)で表されることを特徴とする請求項6記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
[式(18)、(19)において、X2~X3は、それぞれ独立に、C(R21)、又は窒素原子を示す。R1~R4、R7~R16は、前記と同じであり、R1~R4及びR7~R16から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。R19、R21~R25は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基を示し、R19及びR21~R25から選ばれる隣接する2つが、互いに結合して環を形成する飽和または不飽和の二価の基を形成してもよい。] - R1~R17で表される前記置換基が、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~50のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数7~61のアラルキル基、アミノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキル基及び置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基から選ばれる置換基を有するモノ置換又はジ置換アミノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルコキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキル基及び置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基から選ばれる置換基を有するモノ置換、ジ置換又はトリ置換シリル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~60のヘテロアリール基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のハロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキル基及び置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基から選ばれる置換基を有するスルフォニル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキル基及び置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基から選ばれる置換基を有するジ置換ホスフォリル基、アルキルスルホニルオキシ基、アリールスルホニルオキシ基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基、アリールカルボニルオキシ基、ホウ素含有基、亜鉛含有基、スズ含有基、ケイ素含有基、マグネシウム含有基、リチウム含有基、ヒドロキシ基、アルキル置換又はアリール置換カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、ビニル基、(メタ)アクリロイル基、エポキシ基、及びオキセタニル基からなる群から選ばれる基である、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
- R17が、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~60のアリール基、または、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~60のヘテロアリール基である、請求項1~3及び12~13のいずれかに記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
- R17が、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ナフチルフェニル基、ビフェニリル基、ターフェニリル基、アセナフチレニル基、アントリル基、ベンゾアントリル基、アセアントリル基、フェナントリル基、ベンゾフェナントリル基、フェナレニル基、フルオレニル基、9,9’-スピロビフルオレニル基、ベンゾフルオレニル基、ジベンゾフルオレニル基、ピセニル基、ペンタフェニル基、ペンタセニル基、ピレニル基、クリセニル基、ベンゾクリセニル基、s-インダセニル基、as-インダセニル基、フルオランテニル基、ベンゾフルオランテニル基、テトラセニル基、トリフェニレニル基、ベンゾトリフェニレニル基、ペリレニル基、コロニル基、及びジベンゾアントリル基からなる群より選ばれるアリール基、または、
ピロリル基、フリル基、チエニル基、ピリジル基、ピリダジニル基、ピリミジニル基、ピラジニル基、トリアジニル基、イミダゾリル基、オキサゾリル基、チアゾリル基、ピラゾリル基、イソオキサゾリル基、イソチアゾリル基、オキサジアゾリル基、チアジアゾリル基、トリアゾリル基、テトラゾリル基、インドリル基、イソインドリル基、ベンゾフラニル基、イソベンゾフラニル基、ベンゾチオフェニル基、イソベンゾチオフェニル基、インドリジニル基、キノリジニル基、キノリル基、イソキノリル基、シンノリル基、フタラジニル基、キナゾリニル基、キノキサリニル基、ベンズイミダゾリル基、ベンズオキサゾリル基、ベンズチアゾリル基、インダゾリル基、ベンズイソキサゾリル基、ベンズイソチアゾリル基、ジベンゾフラニル基、ジベンゾチオフェニル基、カルバゾリル基、フェナントリジニル基、アクリジニル基、フェナントロリニル基、フェナジニル基、フェノチアジニル基、フェノキサジニル基、アザトリフェニレニル基、ジアザトリフェニレニル基、キサンテニル基、アザカルバゾリル基、アザジベンゾフラニル基、アザジベンゾチオフェニル基、ベンゾフラノベンゾチオフェニル基、ベンゾチエノベンゾチオフェニル基、ジベンゾフラノナフチル基、ジベンゾチエノナフチル基、及びジナフトチエノチオフェニル基からなる群より選ばれるヘテロアリール基である、請求項14に記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。 - R18が、環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基または環形成原子数5~30のヘテロアリール基を置換基として有する、環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基である、請求項4又は5に記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
- R19及びR20が、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、または置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基である、請求項6~11のいずれかに記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
- 前記環形成原子数5~30の含窒素複素環基が、ピリジル基、ピリミジル基、トリアジニル基、ピラジニル基、キノリル基、イソキノリル基、キノキサリニル基、キナゾリル基、フェナントロリニル基、ジベンゾキノキサリニル基、ピロリル基、インドリル基、カルバゾリル基、イミダゾリル基、ベンズイミダゾリル基、イミダゾピリジニル基、インドリジニル基、ベンズカルバゾリル基、又はジベンズカルバゾリル基である、請求項4~11のいずれかに記載の含窒素複素環誘導体。
- 請求項1~18のいずれかに記載の含窒素複素環誘導体を含有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 陰極と陽極間に少なくとも発光層を含む一層又は複数層からなる有機薄膜層が挟持されている有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、該有機薄膜層の少なくとも1層が、請求項1~18のいずれかに記載の含窒素複素環誘導体を含有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記発光層が前記含窒素複素環誘導体を含有する請求項20に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陽極と前記発光層との間に、さらに陽極側有機薄膜層を有し、該陽極側有機薄膜層が前記含窒素複素環誘導体を含有する請求項20に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陰極と前記発光層との間に、さらに陰極側有機薄膜層を有し、該陰極側有機薄膜層が前記含窒素複素環誘導体を含有する請求項20に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記発光層が燐光発光材料を含有する請求項20~23のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記発光層が蛍光発光材料を含有する請求項20~23のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記燐光発光材料が、イリジウム(Ir)、オスミウム(Os)、白金(Pt)から選択される金属原子のオルトメタル化錯体である請求項24に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 請求項20~27のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を備える電子機器。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20150255726A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
| KR20150126340A (ko) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN104781232A (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
| JP5827772B2 (ja) | 2015-12-02 |
| JPWO2014196580A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
| CN104781232B (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
| KR101682844B1 (ko) | 2016-12-05 |
| US9837615B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
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