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WO2014188376A1 - Composition photoactive stabilisée et utilisation associée - Google Patents

Composition photoactive stabilisée et utilisation associée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014188376A1
WO2014188376A1 PCT/IB2014/061633 IB2014061633W WO2014188376A1 WO 2014188376 A1 WO2014188376 A1 WO 2014188376A1 IB 2014061633 W IB2014061633 W IB 2014061633W WO 2014188376 A1 WO2014188376 A1 WO 2014188376A1
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groups
stabilized
composition according
photoactive composition
general formula
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Inventor
Giorgio Giannotta
Antonio Papagni
Paolo SAUL COGHI
Vincenzo Malatesta
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Eni SpA
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Eni SpA
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stabilized photoactive composition.
  • the present invention relates to a stabilized photoactive composition
  • a stabilized photoactive composition comprising at least one photoactive organic polymer and at least one UV stabilizer selected from polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) .
  • PHS polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes
  • the present invention also relates to the use of said stabilized photoactive composition in the construction of photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) such as, for example, photovoltaic cells (or solar cells), photovoltaic modules (or solar modules) on both rigid and flexible supports.
  • photovoltaic devices or solar devices
  • photovoltaic cells or solar cells
  • photovoltaic modules or solar modules
  • Photovoltaic devices are devices capable of converting the energy of a light radiation into electric energy.
  • most photovoltaic devices or solar devices which can be used for practical applications exploit the physico- chemical properties of photoactive materials of the inorganic type, in particular high-purity crystalline silicon.
  • high-purity crystalline silicon As a result of the high production costs of silicon, scientific research, however, has been orienting its efforts towards the development of alternative materials of the organic type having a polymeric structure [so-called "polymer photovoltaic cells (or solar cells)].
  • organic polymers are characterized by a relatively easy synthesis and control of the opto- electronic properties, a low production cost, a reduced weight of the relative photovoltaic device (or solar device) , and also allow the recycling of said polymer at the end of the life cycle of the photovoltaic device (or solar device) in which it is used.
  • organic photovoltaic devices such as, for example, organic photovoltaic cells (or solar cells)
  • organic photovoltaic devices such as, for example, organic photovoltaic cells (or solar cells)
  • the most widely-used electron-acceptor compounds in organic photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) are fullerene derivatives, in particular [ 6, 6] -phenyl-C 6 i-methyl butyrate ([60]PCBM) or phenyl-C7i-methyl butyrate ([70]PCBM), which have reached the greatest efficiencies when mixed with electron-donor compounds selected from ⁇ -con ugated polymers such as, for example, polythiophenes ( ⁇ > 5%), polycarbazoles ( ⁇ > 6%), derivatives of poly ( thienothiophene ) - benzodithiophene (PTB) ( ⁇ > 8%) .
  • ⁇ -con ugated polymers such as, for example, polythiophenes ( ⁇ > 5%), polycarbazo
  • photovoltaic devices or solar devices
  • photovoltaic cells or solar cells
  • photovoltaic modules or solar modules
  • compositions which can be used for encapsulating photovoltaic cells comprising: (a) a polymeric encapsulating agent [e.g., an ionomer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, or a block copolymer (Kraton G1726)]; (b) Cyasorb UV-1164 as stabilizer to UV rays ("UV stabilizer") ; and (c) a sterically hindered amine as light stabilizer; wherein said UV stabilizer is present in the composition in a quantity ranging from about 0.2% by weight to about 1.0% by weight and the light stabilizer is present in a quantity ranging from about 0.3% by weight to about 0.6% by weight.
  • the above composition is said to have an improved photothermal and photochemical stability.
  • At least one light stabilizer selected from the sterically hindered amines selected from the sterically hindered amines
  • UV stabilizer selected from triazines, benzooxazinones , benzotriazoles , benzophenones , benzoates, formamidines , cinnamates or propenoates, aromatic propanediones , benzoimidazoles , cycloaliphatic ketones, formanilides including oxamides, cyanoacrylates , benzopyranones , salicylates, or mixtures thereof.
  • photovoltaic devices or solar devices
  • photovoltaic cells or solar cells
  • photovoltaic modules or solar modules
  • photovoltaic devices or solar devices
  • photovoltaic devices or solar devices
  • specific polymers having particular barrier properties with respect to oxygen and/or humidity e.g., polymers having very low permeability values
  • production costs which, particularly in the case of polymer photovoltaic devices (or solar devices), generally having a low conversion efficiency of solar radiation (ranging from about 3% to about 7%), would make their production cost even more disadvantageous.
  • the Applicant has therefore considered the problem of obtaining photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) stable to the action of light, oxygen, humidity, avoiding the use of polymers having ultra-high barrier properties with respect to oxygen and/or humidity (e.g., polymers having very low permeability values) .
  • the Applicant has now found that the addition of at least one UV stabilizer selected from polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) to photoactive organic polymers which can be used in the construction of photovoltaic devices (or solar devices), is capable of stabilizing said polymers.
  • PES polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes
  • the use of the polymers thus stabilized can avoid the use of polymers having ultra-high barrier properties with respect to oxygen and/or water vapour (e.g., polymers having very low permeability values) .
  • An object of the present invention therefore relates to a stabilized photoactive composition
  • a stabilized photoactive composition comprising:
  • said photoactive organic polymer can be selected from:
  • polythiophenes such as, for example, poly (3- hexylthiophene ) (P3HT) , poly ( 3-octylthiophe- ne) , poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene, or mixtures thereof;
  • polyphenylenevinylenes such as, for example, poly ( 2-methoxy-5- ( 2-ethyl-hexyloxy) -1, 4-pheny- lenevinylene, poly (paraphenylenevinylene ) , ⁇ (poly [ 2-methoxy-5- (3, 7-dimethyloctyloxy) -1,4- phenylene] -alt- (vinylene) ⁇ (MDMO-PPV) , or mixtures thereof;
  • R and R' equal to or different from each other, are selected from linear or branched, preferably branched, alkyl groups containing from 1 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably from 4 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or from aryl groups, preferably phenyl groups, said aryl groups being optionally substituted with alkyl radicals having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 4 to 18 carbon atoms; at least one conjugated electron-donor structural unit (B) , wherein the unit (A) is connected to the unit (B) , in the alternating copolymer, in any of the positions 2, 3, 6 or 7;
  • group R is selected from alkyl groups, aryl groups, acyl groups, thioacyl groups, said alkyl, aryl, acyl and thioacyl groups being optionally substituted;
  • each unit (B) is connected to at least one unit (A) in any of the positions 4, 5, 6, or 7, preferably in positions 4 or 7;
  • alternating ⁇ -con ugated polymers comprising: ⁇ at least one fluoroarylvinylidene electron- acceptor unit (A) having general formula (III) :
  • substituents X1-X5 are selected from hydrogen, fluorine, or from alkyl groups containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and with the proviso that at least one, preferably at least two, more preferably at least three, of the substituents X 1 -X5 is fluorine, or a -CF 2 R group, wherein R is selected from hydrogen, fluorine, or from hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, said hydrocarbon groups being optionally fluorinated;
  • copolymers based on acridone units comprising:
  • X is selected from sulfur, selenium
  • Y is selected from oxygen, sulfur, or from -NR.' groups
  • R and R' equal to or different from each other, are organic substituents having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms selected from alkyl groups, aryl groups, said alkyl groups being optionally substituted, acyl groups, thioacyl groups ;
  • Z is selected from 0, S, Se, or from -NR.” groups wherein R" is an organic substituent having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms selected from alkyl groups, aryl groups, said alkyl and aryl groups being optionally substituted, acyl groups, thioacyl groups; said monomeric unit (B) being connected to any available position of a heteroaromatic side- ring of unit (A) , through one of the two positions indicated by the dashed lines in general formula (V) ;
  • alternating conjugated copolymers comprising benzothiodiazole units such as, for example, PCDTBT ⁇ poly [N- 9"-heptadecanyl-2 , 7-carbazole- alt-5, 5- (4' , 7' -di-2-thienyl-2 ' , 1' , 3' - benzothiadiazole] ⁇ , PCPDTBT ⁇ poly [2, 6- (4,4- bis- ( 2-ethylhexyl ) -4ff-cyclopenta [2, 1-b; 3, 4- b' ] -dithiophene) -alt-4, 7- (2, 1, 3- benzothiadiazole ) ] ⁇ ;
  • PCDTBT poly [N- 9"-heptadecanyl-2 , 7-carbazole- alt-5, 5- (4' , 7' -di-2-thienyl-2 ' , 1' , 3' - benzothiadiazole] ⁇
  • alternating conjugated copolymers comprising silole monomeric units such as copolymers of 9, 9-dialkyl-9-silafluorene ;
  • alternating conjugated copolymers comprising condensed thiophene units such as, for example, copolymers of thieno [3, 4-b] thiophene and of benzo [ 1 , 2-b : 4 , 5-b' ] dithiophene ;
  • alternating conjugated copolymers (c) comprising naphthalene diimide units (A) and at least one conjugated electron-donor structural unit (B) and to the process for their preparation, can be found, for example, in international patent application WO 2010/006698 in the name of the Applicant .
  • ⁇ -conj ugated alternating polymers comprising at least one fluoroarylvinylidene electron-acceptor unit (A) and at least one conjugated electron-donor structural unit (B) and to the process for their preparation can be found, for example, in international patent application WO 2011/066954 in the name of the Applicant.
  • said photoactive organic polymer can be selected from poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) (P3HT) ; or from polymers having the following general formulae:
  • Poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) (P3HT) is preferred.
  • the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes can be represented by the general formula (Ri) n (Si n Oi,5 n ) wherein Ri has the meanings reported hereunder and n is 6, 7, 8, 10, preferably 8.
  • said polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes can be selected from those having general formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) :
  • -16- Ri is a hydrogen atom, or is selected from linear or branched, preferably branched, C1-C20 A preferably C3- C12, alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms such as, for example, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, preferably chlorine, fluorine, bromine; C3-C8 cycloalkyl groups; aryl groups; alkyl or aryl or N-alkylaryl- or cycloalkyl-amine groups; epoxy groups; carboxyl groups; amide groups; (meth) acrylate groups; olefinic groups; siloloxane groups having general formula -O-Si (R3) 2R wherein R 3 is selected from linear or branched C1-C20 A preferably C3-C12, alkyl groups, and R is a hydrogen atom, or is selected from linear or branched C1-C20 A preferably C3-C12, alkyl groups, al
  • R2 can be an alkaline metal, preferably lithium.
  • C1- C20 alkyl groups indicates saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, linear or branched. Said alkyl groups can be optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, such as, for example, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, preferably chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or with one or more cyano groups.
  • halogen atoms such as, for example, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, preferably chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or with one or more cyano groups.
  • C1- C20 alkyl groups are: methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, iso-propyl, iso-butyl, t-butyl, neopentyl, 2-ethyleptyl , 2-ethylexyl, iso-octyl, trifluoropropyl, chloropropyl , dibromoethyl .
  • C3-C8 cycloalkyl groups indicates cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Specific examples of said C3-C8 cycloalkyl groups are: cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl .
  • aryl groups indicates aromatic radicals containing 6, 10 or 14 carbon atoms in the conjugated aromatic system. Said aryl groups can optionally be substituted with one or more halogen atoms such as, for example, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, preferably chlorine, or with one or more alkyl groups substituted with one or more halogen atoms. Specific examples of said aryl groups are benzyl, chlorobenzyl , chlorobenzylethyl , phenyl, naphthyl, phenylnaphthyl , anthracenyl .
  • epoxy groups indicates alkyl or cycloalkyl groups having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and an epoxy group, and optionally containing one or more silicon atoms.
  • Specific examples of epoxy groups are: epoxycyclohexyl , glycidyloxyethyl , glycidyloxypropyl , dimethylsilyloxyglycidyloxypropyl , dimethylsilyloxy- epoxycyclohexyl .
  • olefinic groups indicates alkyl or cycloalkyl groups containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond, said groups being optionally substituted with alkyl groups or alkoxy-silyl-oxyl groups having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Specific examples of olefinic groups are: allyl, vinyl, dimethyl-silyloxy- cyclohexenyl , dimethyl-silyloxy-vinyl .
  • siloxane groups having general formula -O-Si (R3) 2R4" are: trimethylsilyloxyl , triethylsilyloxyl , tri-iso-propylsilyloxyl, dimethyl- tert-butylsilyloxyl , dimethylphenyloxyl , dimethylethyl- silyloxyl .
  • alkenyl or cycloalkenyl groups indicates unsaturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals. Specific examples of alkenyl or cycloalkenyl groups are: ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, cyclobutenyl , cyclopentenyl , cyclohexenyl .
  • alkyl- or aryl- or N-alkylaryl or cycloalkyl-amine groups indicates alkyl-amino, aryl- amino or cycloalkyl-amino groups having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Specific examples of said amine groups are: 3-aminopropyl, 3- ( 2-aminoethyl ) aminopropyl , para- aminophenyl, meta-aminophenyl , N-phenylaminopropyl , N- methylaminopropyl .
  • diol groups indicates alkyl or cycloalkyl groups having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms and at least two oxygen atoms. Specific examples of said diol groups are: 3- ( 2 , 2-bis (hydroxymethyl ) - butoxy) propyl ) dimethylsiloxyl , 2- ( cyclohexyl-3 , 4-diol ) - ethyl , 3- ( 2 , 3-dihydroxypropyl ) oxy) propyl .
  • imide groups indicates a residue obtained by removing a hydrogen atom bound to the nitrogen atom of an acidic amide, said residue having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • acid imide groups are: maleimide, propyl-maleimide .
  • (meth) acrylate groups indicates acrylate or methacrylate groups having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Specific examples of (meth) acrylate groups are: ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate .
  • norbornene groups indicates an unsaturated bicyclic group containing 7 carbon atoms, said group being optionally substituted with alkyl or alkoxy-silyl-oxyl or dialkylsilyl groups, having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • specific examples of norbornene groups are propylnorbornene, dimethylsilyl- oxyethylnorbornene .
  • hydroxyalkyloxy- (aryloxy-sulfonic acids) - alkyl groups indicates groups having formula -R.8-SO 2 -OH wherein R 8 is an aryl or heteroaryl group.
  • R 8 is an aryl or heteroaryl group.
  • a specific examples of sulfonic groups is 3- ( 3- ( 4-phenoxy-2- hydroxypropoxy) propyl ) dimethylsiloxy sulfonic acid.
  • mercapto-alkyl groups indicates groups having formula -Rio- SH wherein Ri 0 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • Ri 0 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • thiol group is 3-mercaptopropyl .
  • amide groups indicates an organic group containing a nitrogen atom and a -COOH carboxyl group. Specific examples of amide groups are monoamide of maleic acid, monoamide of fumaric acid.
  • said polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes are selected from those having general formula (I) wherein Ri and R 2 , the same as each other, are iso- butyl .
  • said polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes are selected from those having general formula (II) wherein Ri is iso-butyl and R 2 is hydroxyl .
  • said polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes are selected from those having general formula (II) wherein Ri is iso-octyl and R 2 is hydroxyl .
  • Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes which can be advantageously used for the aim of the present invention, are, for example, the compounds known with the trade-name of Octalsobutyl POSS ® (MS0825) , Isooctyl POSS ® Cage Mixture (MS0805) , TriSilanolIsobutyl POSS ® (SO1450), TriSilanolIsooctyl POSS ® (S01455) ,
  • said UV stabilizer can be present in the stabilized photoactive composition in a quantity ranging from 0.05% by weight to 3% by weight, preferably from 0.08% by weight to 2.5% by weight with respect to the total weight of said photoactive organic polymer .
  • said stabilized photoactive composition can comprise at least one fullerene (C x ) wherein x represents an integer ranging from 50 to 250, preferably ranging from 60 to 90, and is more preferably 60, 70, 84, or a derivative thereof.
  • fullerene indicates a compound (e.g., a molecule) including a three- dimensional carbon skeleton, having a plurality of carbon atoms.
  • the carbon skeleton of said fullerene generally forms a closed shell, which can have, for example, a spherical or semi-spherical form.
  • the carbon skeleton can form a not completely closed structure, such as, for example, a tubular structure.
  • Each carbon atom of said fullerene is generally bound to three adjacent carbon atoms, forming a tetrahedral network.
  • said fullerene is selected from derivatives of fullerene (C6o or C70) , preferably [ 6, 6] -phenyl-C6i- methyl butyrate ([60]PCBM), phenyl-C7i-methyl butyrate ( [70] PCBM) .
  • the weight ratio between said fullerene and said photoactive organic polymer can range from 1:4 to 4:1, preferably from 1:2 to 2:1.
  • said stabilized photoactive composition can comprise at least one carbon nanotube.
  • the weight ratio between said carbon nanotube and said photoactive organic polymer can range from 1:6 to 3:1, preferably from 1:3 to 2:1.
  • said stabilized photoactive composition can comprise at least one antioxidant.
  • said antioxidant can be selected from: 2', 3- bis [ 3 , 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl ) propionyl ] propiono- hydrazide [Irganox ® MD 1024 (Ciba Specialty Chemicals)], triethyleneglycol bis-3- ( t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl- phenyl ) propionate [Irganox ® 245 (Ciba Specialty Chemicals)], pentaerythritol tetrakis [ 3- ( 3 , 5-di-t- butyl-4-hydrohydroxyphenyl )] propionate [Irganox ® 1010 (Ciba Specialty Chemicals)], octadecyl-3 , 5-di-t-butyl- 4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate [Irganox ® 1076 (Ciba Specialty Chemicals)], branche
  • antioxidants belonging to the group of sterically hindered phenols which can be advantageously used for the aim of the present invention are: 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol , 2,6-di-t- butyl-4-nonyl-phenol , 2, 2 ' -methylene-bis- ( 4-methyl- 6-t- butyl-phenol ) , 4,4 ' -butylidene-bis- ( 2-t-butyl-5-methyl- phenol) , 4,4 '-thio-bis- (2-t-butyl-5-methyl-phenol ) , 2 , 2 ' -thio-bis ( 6-t-butyl-4-methyl-phenol ) , 2,5-di-t- amyl-hydroquinone, polymeric sterically hindered phenols, tris- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl ) isocyanurate, 2 , 2 ' -thiodiethyl
  • antioxidants belonging to the group of phosphites which can be advantageously used for the aim of the present invention are: tris- ( 2 , 4-di-t-butyl- phenyl) phosphite, tris- (2, 4-di-t-butyl-phenyl) phosphite plus distearyl-3 , 3-thiodipropionate (about 3% by weight with respect to the weight of the phosphite), bis- (2, 4- di-t-butyl-phenyl ) pentaerythritol-diphosphite, tetrakis- (2, 4-di-t-butyl-phenyl ) -4, 4 ' -biphenylene- diphosphonite, tris- (p-nonylphenyl ) phosphite, diisodecyl-phenyl-phosphite, diphenyl-isodecyl- phosphite, tri
  • said antioxidant can be present in the stabilized photoactive composition in a quantity ranging from 0.005% by weight to 3% by weight, preferably from 0.05% by weight to 1% by weight, with respect to the total weight of said photoactive organic polymer .
  • said stabilized photoactive composition can optionally comprise at least one sterically hindered amine, such as, for example, Cyasorb ® UV-3529 (Cytec Industries), Cyasorb ® UV-3346 (Cytec Industries) .
  • sterically hindered amine such as, for example, Cyasorb ® UV-3529 (Cytec Industries), Cyasorb ® UV-3346 (Cytec Industries) .
  • said sterically hindered amine can be present in the stabilized photoactive composition in a quantity ranging from 0% by weight to 3% by weight, preferably from 0.05% by weight to 1% by weight, with respect to the total weight of said photoactive organic polymer .
  • Said stabilized photoactive composition can be advantageously used in the construction of photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) such as, for example, photovoltaic cells (or solar cells) photovoltaic modules (or solar modules) .
  • a further object of the present invention therefore relates to the use of said stabilized photoactive composition in the construction of photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) such as, for example, photovoltaic cells (or solar cells), photovoltaic modules (or solar modules) .
  • a further object of the present invention also relates to a photovoltaic device (or solar device) comprising the stabilized photoactive composition described above.
  • solution A 15 mg of poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) (P3HT) (Aldrich, regioregular ) were dissolved in 1 ml of
  • TriSilanolPhenyl POSS ® (S01458) [0.1% by weight with respect to the weight of poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) ] (solution F) .
  • solution G 990 ⁇ of solution A and 10 ⁇ of solution C were also mixed, obtaining a solution in 1 , 2-dichlorobenzene of poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) and TriSilanolIsobutyl POSS ® (SO1450) [0.1% by weight with respect to the weight of poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) ] (solution G) .
  • TriSilanolIsooctyl POSS ® (S01455) [0.1% by weight with respect to the weight of poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) ] (solution H) .
  • solution I 990 ⁇ of solution A and 10 ⁇ of solution E were also mixed, obtaining a solution in 1 , 2-dichlorobenzene of poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) and Octalsobutyl POSS ® (MS0825) [0.1% by weight with respect to the weight of poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) ] (solution I) .
  • Films were prepared from solutions F-L by means of spin-coating deposition (Spin Coater WS 400 6NPlite of Laurell Technologies) on an inert glass support, operating at 100 rpm, for 15 seconds, and subsequently at 500 rpm, for a further 15 seconds, in the air, at room temperature (25°C) , using 0.2 ml of each of the solutions F-L for each film.
  • spin-coating deposition Spin Coater WS 400 6NPlite of Laurell Technologies
  • the films obtained as described above were simultaneously subjected to accelerated aging in a Solar box3000e, equipped with an air-cooled Xenon lamp and with a UV SX05 Outdoor filter of CO . FO .ME . GRA, operating at 60°C, with an irradiance equal to 550 W/m 2 , over a range of 290 nm - 800 nm.
  • Three samples were used for each of the solutions reported above, and the values of the absorbance variations in relation to the aging time are the average of the three single values obtained .
  • UV-Vis absorption spectra (290 nm - 800 nm) were recorded with a Perkin Elmer ⁇ 950 double-beam UV- Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and double monochromator, with a bandwidth of 2.0 nm and step of 1 nm.
  • the UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry allowed the decrease in absorbance in the visible region to be monitored, as reported in Figure 1 [the absorbance (A) is reported in the ordinate, the wave-length ( ⁇ ) in nm is reported in the abscissa] indicating the lesser conjugation extension of the system following degradation of the polymeric backbone, i.e. backbone of poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) .
  • P3HT poly (3-hexylthiophene
  • the decrease in absorbance in the visible region was also monitored by means of UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry as reported in Figure 2 [the ratio between the absorbance at time t (A t ) and the absorbance at time 0 (A 0 ) is reported in the ordinate, the time (t) in hours (h) is reported in the abscissa] of the film comprising poly ( 3-hexylthiophene ) (P3HT) alone obtained from solution A, as also that of the films comprising the photoactive compositions object of the present invention, i.e. the films obtained from solutions F-L. Three samples were used for each of said solutions, and the values in the absorbance variations in relation to the aging time are the average of the three single values obtained.
  • the absorbance values (A t ) and (A 0 ) reported in Figure 2 are the average of the absorbance values measured for the above three samples, at time t and at time zero respectively, for the peaks at 520 nm, 540 nm and 600 nm.
  • Films were prepared from solutions Cl-Dl by means of spin-coating deposition (Spin Coater WS 400 6NPlite of Laurell Technologies) on an inert glass support, operating at 100 rpm, for 15 seconds, and subsequently at 500 rpm, for a further 15 seconds, in the air, at room temperature (25°C) , using 0.2 ml of each of the solutions Cl-Dl for each film.
  • spin-coating deposition Spin Coater WS 400 6NPlite of Laurell Technologies
  • the films obtained as described above were simultaneously subjected to accelerated aging in a Solar box3000e, equipped with an air-cooled Xenon lamp and with a UV SX05 Outdoor filter of CO . FO .ME . GRA, operating at 60°C, with an irradiance equal to 550 W/m 2 , over a range of 290 nm - 800 nm.
  • the absorbance values (A t ) and (A 0 ) reported in Figure 3 are the average of the absorbance values measured for the above three samples, at time t and at time zero respectively, for the peaks at 520 nm, 540 nm and 600 nm.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition photoactive stabilisée contenant : - au moins un polymère organique photoactif ; - au moins un agent anti-UV sélectionné parmi des silsesquioxanes oligomériques polyédriques - POSS. La composition selon l'invention peut être utilisée avantageusement dans la construction de dispositifs photovoltaïques (ou de dispositifs solaires) tels que, par exemple, des cellules photovoltaïques ou des cellules solaires), des modules photovoltaïques (ou des modules solaires) sur des supports rigides et flexibles.
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